Relevant bibliographies by topics / Bio-filler

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Bio-filler'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 9 March 2023
Last updated: 10 March 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Bio-filler"

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Jayaraman, R., R. Girimurugan, V. Suresh, C. Shilaja, and S. Mayakannan. "Improvement on Tensile Properties of Epoxy Resin Matrix Sugarcane Fiber and Tamarind Seed Powder Reinforced Hybrid Bio-Composites." ECS Transactions 107, no. 1 (April 24, 2022): 7265–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/10701.7265ecst.

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Nowadays, hybrid bio-composites are being developed by combining different natural resources as reinforcement and filler components, and this has raised their necessary qualities dramatically. Sugarcane fibre and tamarind seed powder particles added to an epoxy resin matrix to test the material's tensile strength were the focus of this study. A reinforcing material is sugarcane fibre, while filler components include tamarind seed powder particles. Different reinforcement and filler materials were used to make hybrid bio-composite specimens, while the epoxy resin weight percentage was maintained constant. Utilizing the hot press compression moulding technology, hybrid bio-composite boards were manufactured from start to finish. Water jet machining is used to remove hybrid bio-composite specimens for compression tests in accordance with ASTM standards from the hybrid bio-composite boards. It has been shown in experiments, for example, that adding tamarind seed powder particles to a sugarcane fiber/epoxy resin matrix considerably increases the hybrid bio-composites' tensile characteristics.
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Chen, Yi Qing, Jian Wei Wu, Wang Feng Cai, and Ying Zhong. "Study on Treatment of Odor Containing H2S and NH3 by Industrial Scale Bio-Trickling Filters." Advanced Materials Research 777 (September 2013): 330–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.777.330.

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The treatment of H2S and NH3 odor produced in sewage disposal process was carried out in industrial scale bio-trickling filters filled with different kinds of filler. The processing capacity per unit volume and the processing capacity per unit volume filler on odor removal performance for different bio-trickling filter were investigated. The results demonstrate that there are remarkable differences in deodorization performance between different kinds of bio-trickling filters.
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Mansor, Mohd Khairulniza, and Ruslimie Che Ali. "Properties Evaluation of Micro-Crystalline Cellulose and Starch as Bio-Filler in Rubber Compounding." Advanced Materials Research 1133 (January 2016): 593–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1133.593.

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Effects of filler loading on the mechanical properties of Epoxidised natural rubber (ENR) filled with bio-fillers were studied. The compounds with different filler loadings (0, 30, 50, 70 phr) were prepared in a Haake internal mixer. Result showed that the viscosity of the compounds increased with filler loading and exhibited longer cure time with higher loading of the bio-filler. The mechanical properties of starch-filled vulcanisates present better tensile strength at 50 phr when compared to micro-crystalline cellulose (MCC) filled vulcanisates at similar filler loadings. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of tensile fracture surface of 50 phr starch-filled vulcanisates illustrated a homogenous distribution in comparison with MCC-filled compounds.
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Nassar, Mahmoud M. A., Belal J. Abu Tarboush, Khalid I. Alzebdeh, Nasr Al-Hinai, and Tasneem Pervez. "New Synthesis Routes toward Improvement of Natural Filler/Synthetic Polymer Interfacial Crosslinking." Polymers 14, no. 3 (February 7, 2022): 629. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14030629.

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Among the critical issues dictating bio-composite performance is the interfacial bonding between the natural fibers and polymer matrix. In this regard, this article presents new synthesis routes comprising the treatment and functionalization of both date palm powder (DPP) filler and a polypropylene (PP) matrix to enhance filler–polymer adhesion in the newly developed bio-composites. Specifically, four bio-composite forms are considered: untreated DPP filled PP (DPP-UT/PP), treated DPP filled PP (DPP-T/PP), treated DPP filled functionalized PP using 2-isocyanatoethyl methacrylate (DPP-T/PP-g-IEM), and treated and functionalized DPP using 4-toluenesulfonyl chloride filled functionalized PP using 2-acrylamide ((DPP-T)-g-TsCl/PP-g-AcAm). The functional groups created on the surface of synthesized PP-g-IEM react with activated hydroxyl groups attached to the filler, resulting in chemical crosslinking between both components. Similarly, the reaction of TsCl with NH2 chemical groups residing on the mating surfaces of the filler and polymer generates an amide bond in the interface region. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) is used to confirm the successful coupling between the filler and polypropylene matrix after applying the treatment and functionalization schemes. Owing to the introduced crosslinking, the DPP-T/PP-g-IEM bio-composite exhibits the best mechanical properties as compared to the neat polymer, unfunctionalized polymer-based bio-composite, and (DPP-T)-g-TsCl/PP-g-AcAm counterpart. The applied compatibilizers assist in reducing the water uptake of the manufactured bio-composites, increasing their durability.
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Nyuk Khui, Perry Law, Rezaur Rahman, Abu Saleh Ahmed, Kuok King Kuok, Muhammad Khusairy Bin Bakri, Diana Tazeddinova, Zhumayeva Araigul Kazhmukanbetkyzy, and Baibatyrov Torebek. "Morphological and thermal properties of composites prepared with poly(lactic acid), poly(ethylene-alt-maleic anhydride), and biochar from microwave-pyrolyzed jatropha seeds." BioResources 16, no. 2 (March 11, 2021): 3171–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.15376/biores.16.2.3171-3185.

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The morphological and thermal properties of composites containing a bioplastic blend and micro/nano-sized biochar from pyrolyzed jatropha seeds from microwave pyrolyzed jatropha seeds were investigated using scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and differential scanning calorimetry. The biocomposite samples exhibited a brittle structure with a slightly ductile chip-like appearance. The Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy results for the PLA/PEMA/BC bio-composites were comparable to the PLA/BC biocomposites. A lower bio-filler content had more pronounced peak intensities than the higher bio-filler content biocomposites. The added PEMA compatibilizer in the PLA/PEMA/BC biocomposite showed more pronounced peaks, which indicated slightly improved bonding/interaction between the bio-filler and the matrix. Overall, increasing bio-filler content did not drastically affect the functional groups of the biocomposites. Thermogravimetric and differential scanning calorimetry analysis showed the developed biocomposites had a slight improvement in thermal stability, in comparison to the PLA sample. Improvements in the thermal stability of the PLA/PEMA/BC biocomposite could be attributed to the additional hydroxyl group, which was due to the added PEMA in the PLA and PLA/BC. According to the results of the analysis of the developed biocomposites, the biocomposites were more brittle and had reasonable thermal stability.
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Ghani, Haslilywaty, Siti Fatma Abd Karim, Roslim Ramli, Mohibah Musa, and Jefri Jaapar. "Effect of Bio Fillers on Mechanical Properties of Natural Rubber Latex Films." Key Engineering Materials 797 (March 2019): 249–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.797.249.

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Rubber industry is one of major raw material for many industries around the world. Therefore, supplying quality raw material is major concern among the market player. The objectives of this paper is to formulate natural rubber latex (NRL) by addition of bio fillers and to determine the impact of bio fillers (rice husk ash and tacca starch) towards the tear strength and tensile strength of the film samples. Normally, filler compounded in NRL named carbon black filler is chemical based, expensive and difficult to handle. Blending method was applied whereby named as compounding process. The vulcanized NRL was blended with the bio fillers before manual dipping process applied to obtain the film. The bio filler loaded was 10 phr and 30 phr. The optimum concentration was found to be 10 phr of tacca starch, producing tensile stress at maximum load was 18 Mpa while elongation at break was 650%. In addition, tensile stress at 300 mm elongation was 2 Mpa and tear strength is 15 N/mm.
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Yew, Ming Kun, Ming Chian Yew, Lip Huat Saw, Jing Han Beh, Yeong Jin King, and Rajkumar Durairaj. "Effects of Flame Retardant Nano Bio-Based Filler on Fire Behaviors of Intumescent Coating." Materials Science Forum 947 (March 2019): 142–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.947.142.

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The present work analyzed the fire protection performances, char formation and heat release characteristics of the thin film intumescent fire protective coatings that incorporate the eggshell (ES) waste as a renewable flame retardant nano bio-based filler. The fire performances of the coatings were evaluated using Bunsen burner and cone calorimeter. The fire behaviors of the samples in the condensed phase were conducted in accordance with the ISO 5660-1 standard. On exposure, the samples B and D reinforced with 3.30 wt.% and 2.75 wt.% of ES nano bio-filler, respectively showed a significant reduction in total heat rate, promoting thicker and more uniform char layer in protecting the steel structural. As a result, ES nano bio-filler composition has shown to be efficient in fire protective performance of the intumescent coatings.
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Paciorek-Sadowska, Joanna, Marcin Borowicz, and Marek Isbrandt. "Effect of Evening Primrose (Oenothera biennis) Oil Cake on the Properties of Polyurethane/Polyisocyanurate Bio-Composites." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 16 (August 19, 2021): 8950. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22168950.

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Rigid polyurethane/polyisocyanurate (RPU/PIR) foam formulations were modified by evening primrose (Oenothera biennis) oil cake as a bio-filler in the amount of 5 to 50 wt.%. The obtained foams were tested in terms of processing parameters, cellular structure (SEM analysis), physico-mechanical properties (apparent density, compressive strength, brittleness, accelerated aging tests), thermal insulation properties (thermal conductivity coefficient, closed cells content, absorbability and water absorption), flammability, smoke emission, and thermal properties. The obtained results showed that the amount of bio-filler had a significant influence on the morphology of the modified foams. Thorough mixing of the polyurethane premix allowed better homogenization of the bio-filler in the polyurethane matrix, resulting in a regular cellular structure. This resulted in an improvement in the physico-mechanical and thermal insulation properties as well as a reduction in the flammability of the obtained materials. This research provided important information on the management of the waste product from the edible oil industry and the production process of fire-safe RPU/PIR foams with improved performance properties. Due to these beneficial effects, it was found that the use of evening primrose oil cake as a bio-filler for RPU/PIR foams opens a new way of waste management to obtain new “green” materials.
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Toro, Patricio, Raúl Quijada, Mehrdad Yazdani-Pedram, and José Luis Arias. "Eggshell, a new bio-filler for polypropylene composites." Materials Letters 61, no. 22 (September 2007): 4347–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matlet.2007.01.102.

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Rahman, Wan Aizan Wan Abd, N. M. Isa, A. R. Rahmat, N. Adenan, and R. R. Ali. "Rice Husk/High Density Polyethylene Bio-Composite: Effect of Rice Husk Filler Size and Composition on Injection Molding Processability with Respect to Impact Property." Advanced Materials Research 83-86 (December 2009): 367–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.83-86.367.

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The compounding of rice husk and high density polyethylene (HDPE) was undertaken on a Sino PSM 30 co-rotating twin screw extruder. Four sizes of rice husk were studied at various compositions. The size ranged from 500 μm and below (coded A, B, C and D) while the content of rice husk in the composite varies from 30, 40 and 50 percent of weight. A fixed amount of Ultra-Plast TP10 as a compatibilizer and Ultra-Plast TP 01 as lubricant, were added into the bio-composite compound. The injection molding process ability of the bio-composite was studied through flow behavior on melt flow indexer and analyzed on JSW N100 B11 Injection Molding. Size A which has the largest particle is the most appropriate size as the bio-composite filler based on thermal stability test. The melt flow rate of rice husk/HDPE (RHPE) decreases with the increased in rice husk compositions and apparent viscosity also increases with composition for all filler size. Melt flow rate above 4g/10 min was found to be the lower limit for injection molding process. The smaller the filler size, the lower is the impact strength and the increased in the filler composition lowers the impact strength. A bio-composite at 30 weight percent rice husk size A (RH30PEA) was found to have optimum rheological properties with respect to impact strength.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Bio-filler"

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FRIGERIO, PAOLA. "Biopolymers in elastomers: lignins as biofiller for tyre compound." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10281/49989.

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Lignocellulosic biomass is a natural complex composite of cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, ashes and other soluble substances called extractives. The significant difficulties related to the separation of lignin-carbohydrates complexes are the major obstacle to overcome for lignocellulosic biomass utilization. In order to free the locked polysaccharides in cellulose, a number of lignocellulose pretreatment technologies is under intensive investigations, such as steam explosion, organosolv process, chemical treatment with acids or bases (ammonia, NaOH) and ionic liquid pretreatment. The relevance of lignocellulosic biorefinery relies not only on the recovery of carbohydrates, but also on the added value of lignin which is the second most abundant natural polymer, exceeded only by cellulose and hemicellulose. Lignin’s structure is determined by its botanical origin and the adopted isolation process. Depending on the plant source, lignins can be divided into three classes: hardwood (angiosperm), softwood (gymnosperm) and annual plant (graminaceous); on the other hand, according to the isolation process, lignins can be divided into two groups: lignin from sulfite process and sulfur free lignin. The latter is receiving increasing attentions because it offers a greater versatility than the former and it can be heat-processed avoiding the irritating odor-release commonly associated with commercial kraft lignin. In addition to cost advantages, annual renewability and huge availability are factors that could promote the use of sulfur-free lignin. Lignin’s structure contains a variety of chemical functional groups that affect its reactivity making it able to meet the needs of industry. It’s worth noting that lignin can be used for several industrial applications owing to its surface-active properties. It has also been applied as a filler in many elastomers (butadienestyrene- butadiene, isoprene-styrene-butadiene; styrenebutadiene) or in natural rubber. Moreover, lignin has shown a high antioxidant efficiency both as it is and in combination with commercial antioxidants. The main purpose of my doctorate has been testing sulfur free lignins (obtained from herbaceous plants as by-products of steam explosion and soda pulping processes) as fillers in rubber compounds in order to evaluate their reinforcement ability and their use as a partial replacement of carbon black. The objective is to realize lighter tyres characterized by a low rolling resistance and a reduced amount of material derived from no renewable sources. Lignin has some disadvantages that make its application as a rubber-reinforcing filler difficult, such as large particle size, strong polar surface and high tendency of its particles to link together by intermolecular hydrogen bonding arranging agglomerates. To improve the interaction between filler and elastomer, two strategies have been adopted: the chemical modification of lignin and the reduction of the size of its particles. Concerning the chemical modification, lignin can be functionalized by way of esterification, etherification, reaction with coupling agents (silane) and with hexamethylenetetramine (HMT), so that also its dispersion in the elastomer is improved. Instead, spray drying and the co-precipitation of latex with lignin have proved to be effective in reducing the particles’s size. All the products obtained have been characterized by IR, 31P NMR, GPC and microscope analysis and tested in rubber compounds as it is or as partial replacement of carbon black.
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Bashir, Abdala A. "Bio-based Resins and Fillers for Use in Thermosetting Composites." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1574463236644168.

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Books on the topic "Bio-filler"

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Hyxagon Paper: Loose Leaf Filler Paper, for Organic and Bio Chemistry, Hexagonal Graph Rule,. Independently Published, 2020.

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Zouhri, Jacob. Hexagonal Graph Paper: Loose Leaf Filler Paper, for Organic and Bio Chemistry, Hexagonal Graph Paper. Independently Published, 2021.

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Hexagon Graph Paper: Loose Leaf Filler Paper, for Organic and Bio Chemistry, Hexagonal Graph Rule. Independently Published, 2020.

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Hexagonal Graph Paper: Loose Leaf Filler Paper, for Organic and Bio Chemistry, Hexagonal Graph Rule. Independently Published, 2021.

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Zouhri, Jacob. Hexagon Graph Paper: Loose Leaf Filler Paper, for Organic and Bio Chemistry, Hexagonal Graph Rule. Independently Published, 2020.

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Book chapters on the topic "Bio-filler"

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Pranger, Lawrence A., Grady A. Nunnery, and Rina Tannenbaum. "Control of Filler Phase Dispersion in Bio-Based Nanocomposites by In-situ Reactive Polymerization." In In-Situ Synthesis of Polymer Nanocomposites, 123–67. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9783527640102.ch6.

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Cakmak, Hulya, and Ece Sogut. "Functional Biobased Composite Polymers for Food Packaging Applications." In Reactive and Functional Polymers Volume One, 95–136. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-43403-8_6.

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AbstractBiobased polymers are of great interest due to the release of tension on non-renewable petroleum-based polymers for environmental concerns. However, biobased polymers usually have poor mechanical and barrier properties when used as the main component of coatings and films, but they can be improved by adding nanoscale reinforcing agents (nanoparticles - NPs or fillers), thus forming nanocomposites. The nano-sized components have a larger surface area that favors the filler-matrix interactions and the resulting material yield. For example, natural fibers from renewable plants could be used to improve the mechanical strength of the biobased composites. In addition to the mechanical properties, the optical, thermal and barrier properties are mainly effective on the selection of type or the ratio of biobased components. Biobased nanocomposites are one of the best alternatives to conventional polymer composites due to their low density, transparency, better surface properties and biodegradability, even with low filler contents. In addition, these biomaterials are also incorporated into composite films as nano-sized bio-fillers for the reinforcement or as carriers of some bioactive compounds. Therefore, nanostructures may provide antimicrobial properties, oxygen scavenging ability, enzyme immobilization or act as a temperature or oxygen sensor. The promising result of biobased functional polymer nanocomposites is shelf life extension of foods, and continuous improvements will face the future challenges. This chapter will focus on biobased materials used in nanocomposite polymers with their functional properties for food packaging applications.
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Rajbanul Akhond, MD, and Ahmed Sharif. "Functionality Based Design of Sustainable Bio-Composite." In Biocomposites [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.97068.

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Bio-composites have diverse functional demands for many structural, electrical, electronic, and medical applications. An expansion of the composite functionality is achieved by manipulating the material and design scheme. Smart selection of matrix-reinforcement combinations will lead to applications that have never even been considered. Research holds a huge potential to create a wide variety of usable materials by mixing different fillers and modifying the parameters. Apart from selecting the polymer and the filler, the engineer will have to understand the compatibility of the polymer and the filler, dispersion, and bonding behavior making the design of polymer nanocomposite a rather complex system. In this chapter, we have tried to display different functional materials development pursuit.
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Nair, Praseetha P. "Polymer Nanocomposite Technologies Designed for Biomedical Applications." In Bio-Inspired Nanotechnology, 41–55. BENTHAM SCIENCE PUBLISHERS, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/9789815080179123010005.

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The combination of polymer composite technology and nanotechnology leads to the design of polymer nanocomposites. They represent a novel alternative class of materials to traditional composites with versatile properties which are suitable for biomedical applications. The addition of nanofillers to polymer composites enhances their mechanical and biological characteristics. The enhancement in various properties depends on the polymer matrix, filler, and matrix-filler interaction. The major issue faced in biomedical research during product development is the lack of biocompatibility and biodegradability. The primary factor that has to be considered for composite development is the proper choice of materials. There is a growing demand for the design of personalized medicine with the outbreak of many chronic ailments and genetic disorders. The properties of polymer nanocomposites can be customized for various biomedical applications. The characteristic features of supramolecular nanocomposites which act as smart materials with tuned properties can be exploited for tissue engineering, responsive drug and hormone delivery, regenerative medicine, bioimaging, ocular, dental and orthopedic applications. Many hybrid biopolymer composites which exhibit promising biomedical applications are developed by researchers. Their properties can be tailored for making biomedical devices also. This chapter highlights a brief but focused overview of biomedical applications of bio-based polymer nanocomposites, carbon-based polymer nanocomposites, metal-organic framework/polymer nanocomposites, shape memory polymer nanocomposites, hydrogels, self-healing polymer nanocomposites and stimuli responsive polymer nanocomposites.
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Kumar, Rahul, and Sumit Bhowmik. "Development of Natural Bio-Filler-Based Epoxy Composite for Wind Turbine Blade Application." In Design and Optimization of Mechanical Engineering Products, 180–96. IGI Global, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-3401-3.ch009.

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Nowadays, the research and engineering attention stimulated towards development of environmentally gentle materials to satisfy the energy needs of the society through renewable resources. The growing cognizance in the production and consumption of renewable energy for civilization necessities has directed towards the growth in the wind energy utilization. The wind energy is a leading renewable and sustainable energy resource and key answer to the global energy problem. The rotor blades of wind turbines are its integral parts and traditional materials used for blade manufacturing are carbon or glass fibre reinforced polymer composites owing to their low density and high strength to stiffness ratio. But the non renewability and adverse environmental effect during their processing and disposal forced the researchers to look out for some biodegradable and light weight natural plant fibres for reinforcement in polymeric resin to produce required polymer composites. In the present work, application of bio filler based epoxy composite is proposed to be used as wind turbine rotor blades.
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Karim, A., M. Hassan, and Mubarak Khan. "Effect of Pretreatment of Rice Straw Used as a Bio-Filler in Reinforced Polypropylene Composite." In Recent Advances in Adhesion Science and Technology in Honor of Dr. Kash Mittal, 181–92. CRC Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b16347-14.

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Santhosh, G. "Halloysite-Chitosan based Nano-Composites and Applications." In Advanced Applications of Micro and Nano Clay, 27–48. Materials Research Forum LLC, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21741/9781644901915-2.

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Chitosan is the most abundant and excellent natural polymer (PMR). The wider usage of chitosan is because of its antimicrobial, non-toxic, biocompatible and biodegradable nature. Chitosan is extracted from crustaceans and squids. Chitosan has been extensively studied in the field of wastewater treatment and biomedical applications. Halloysite nanotube (HNT) is a sort of aluminosilicate nano-clay, famous for their high aspect ratio and hallow configuration, HNT as a nano-filler for polymer matrix can be profitably utilized. HNT with the molecular formula, H4Al2O9Si2·2H2O have unique tubular structure make them suitable as nano-containers with the intention to store and adsorb with abundant –OH groups. The use of HNT can provide high mechanical strength, high thermal stability and bio-acceptability. With the incorporation of nanosized halloysites nanotubes into chitosan matrix generally leads to desired property enhancement along with the changes in the microstructure. Amongst the most likely available natural materials, the chitosan and halloysite are attractive ones because of their nontoxic and eco-friendly nature. The halloysite was extensively studied as a carrier material in many drug delivery systems, catalytic support, scaffold for tissue engineering and as a nanofiller for food packaging application. In this chapter, the application of chitosan and HNT in the real world are postulated in order to give insights for future studies.
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Gopal, P. M., V. Kavimani, and Titus Thankachan. "Properties of filler added biofiber-based polymer composite." In Advances in Bio-Based Fiber, 263–73. Elsevier, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-824543-9.00030-x.

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Hussaini Jagaba, Ahmad, Shamsul Rahman Mohamed Kutty, Gasim Hayder Ahmed Salih, Azmatullah Noor, Mohammad Fakhuma Ubaidillah bin Md Hafiz, Nura Shehu Aliyu Yaro, Anwar Ameen Hezam Saeed, Ibrahim Mohammed Lawal, Abdullahi Haruna Birniwa, and Abdullahi Usman Kilaco. "Palm Oil Clinker as a Waste by-Product: Utilization and Circular Economy Potential." In Elaeis guineensis [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.97312.

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Conservation of natural resources to create ecological balance could be significantly improved by substituting them with waste by-products. Palm oil industry operations increases annually, thereby generating huge quantity of waste to be dumped into the landfill. Palm oil clinker (POC) is a solid waste by-product produced in one of the oil palm processing phases. This chapter is designed to highlight the generation, disposal problems, properties and composition of POC. The waste to resource potentials of POC would be greatly discussed in the chapter starting with the application of POC in conventional and geopolymer structural elements such as beams, slabs, columns made of either concrete, mortar or paste for coarse aggregates, sand and cement replacement. Aspects such as performance of POC in wastewater treatment processes, fine aggregate and cement replacement in asphaltic and bituminous mixtures during highway construction, a bio-filler in coatings for steel manufacturing processes and a catalyst during energy generation would also be discussed. Circular economy potentials, risk assessment and leaching behavior during POC utilization would be evaluated. The chapter also discusses the effectiveness of POC in soil stabilization and the effect of POC pretreatment for performance enhancement. Towards an efficient utilization, it is important to carry out technical and economic studies, as well as life cycle assessments, in order to compare all the POC areas of application described in the present review article. POC powder has proven to be pozzolanic with maximum values of 17, 53.7, 0.92, 3.87, 1.46, for CaO, SiO2, SO3, Fe2O3 and Al2O3. Therefore, the present chapter would inspire researchers to find research gaps that will aid the sustainable use of agroindustry wastes. The fundamental knowledge contained in the chapter could also serve as a wake-up call for researchers that will motivate them to explore the high potential of utilizing POC for greater environmental benefits associated with less cost when compared with conventional materials.
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Conference papers on the topic "Bio-filler"

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Mahmood, M. A., A. A. Ayash, and K. M. Eweed. "Biochar filler for the production of conductive bio-epoxy composites." In 3RD INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ENERGY AND POWER, ICEP2021. AIP Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0107725.

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Rus, Anika Zafiah M., M. Shafiq M. Azahari, Shaharuddin Kormin, Leong Bong Soon, M. Taufiq Zaliran, and Ahraz Sadrina M. F. L. "Hybrid waste filler filled bio-polymer foam composites for sound absorbent materials." In INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE “FUNCTIONAL ANALYSIS IN INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS” (FAIA2017). Author(s), 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4999883.

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Sekar, Priyanka. "Hydrothermally Treated Lignin: A Feasible Bio-filler for High Performance Rubber Applications." In Technical Meeting of the Rubber Division, ACS. Akron, Ohio, USA: Rubber Division, ACS, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.52202/067657-0026.

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Gopinath, S., D. Arivazhakan, A. R. Sivanesh, and R. Aravind Kumar. "Investigation on mechanical behavior of compression molded mesquite bio filler reinforced hybrid composites." In INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SUSTAINABLE INNOVATION IN MECHANICAL ENGINEERING. AIP Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0079242.

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Saeb, Mohammad Reza, Hadi Ramezani-Dakhel, and Raha Sarami. "Improving Thermo-mechanical Properties of Styrene Butadiene Rubber Nanocomposites Using Eggshell Bio-filler." In 2010 Fourth International Conference on Quantum, Nano and Micro Technologies (ICQNM). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icqnm.2010.9.

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6

Alzomor, A., A. Z. M. Rus, H. A. Wahab, N. S. M. Salim, N. Marsi, M. A. Zulhakimie, and M. M. Farid. "Dynamic mechanical analysis and morphology of petroleum-based and bio-epoxy foams with wood filler." In PROCEEDINGS OF GREEN DESIGN AND MANUFACTURE 2020. AIP Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0045146.

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Velukkudi Santhanam, Senthil Kumar, Srinil Sukumar Pullayikodi, Prakash Sampath, Viswanathan Doraiswamy, and Dhanashekar Manickam. "Crash Analysis and Characterization of Bio Organic Fillers in the BFRP/Epoxy Composites." In ASME 2020 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2020-23103.

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Abstract Basalt fiber/polymer composites have extensive applications in automotive, aerospace, defense, and sports goods. Addition of ash fillers has enhanced the properties of the composite material. Two types of bio-ash fillers namely, rice husk ash (RHA) and coconut fiber ash (CFA) particles were used. Ashes obtained from rice husk and coconut fiber are a good source of silica which when heated at higher temperature make them good fillers. Hand lay-up technique was used to fabricate composites in rectangular column shapes. Characterization study of ash particles incorporated polymer composites were made by subjecting it to X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurement. The presence of filler particles reduces the voids ratio and enhances the strength of the composites. The load vs. displacement relations of the composite specimens were obtained from low velocity compression tests. Crashworthiness parameters like maximum force, average force and energy absorption were derived from the compression test results. Properties of plain basalt fiber composites were compared with that of BFRP/Epoxy composites with RHA and CFA fillers incorporated composites. The conclusion drawn from the test results was that the addition of ash filler particles in the composite have an improvement in crashworthiness of BFRP/Epoxy composite.
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Anuar, Nur Syafikah Mohd, Aliff Hisyam A. Razak, Wendy Yen Wee Ni, Mahiratul Husna Mustaffar, Azrin Hani Abdul Rashid, Sity Aishah Mansur, and Nor Faizah Razali. "Evaluation of natural rubber latex film consisting cassava peel as a bio-based filler for biodegradable gloves." In 10TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON APPLIED SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY. AIP Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0107046.

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9

Tong, Chung Yan, Nor Akmal Mohd Jamail, Mohd Haris Asyraf Shee Kandar, Nordiana Azlin Othman, and Qamarul Ezani Kamarudin. "Analysis of Electric Field for HDPE-NR Biocomposite using Finite Element Method." In Conference on Faculty Electric and Electronic 2020/1. Penerbit UTHM, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.30880/eeee.2020.01.01.004.

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In developing future electrical networks, it is crucial to develop new alternatives insulating materials which can improve the performance of the next generation high voltage cables. The high electric field reduces the resistance of solid insulation and causes partial discharge occurs through the impurities in a dielectric where this phenomenon causes ageing to the dielectric and ultimately leads to breakdown. Thus, this paper seeks to analyse the electric field intensity of High Density Polyethylene (HDPE) when added with 10%, 20% and 30% of different types of bio-filler such as coconut coir fibre, pineapple leaves fibre, and oil palm empty fruit bunch. This can be achieved by creating a two-dimensional (2D) axisymmetric electrostatic model by using the Finite Element Method Magnetics (FEMM) 4.2 software. The results showed that the inclusion of bio-filler in HDPE increased the maximum electric field intensity when compared with unfilled HDPE. The electric field intensity also varied with the different percentages loading of biocomposite and their permittivity. As a result, the maximum electric field intensity was much lower for HDPE added with a 10% loading of the oil palm empty fruit bunch. Hence, oil palm empty fruit bunch was the best composition as it tends to improve the dielectric properties since it has a lower electric field intensity at the top sphere electrode as compared to other compositions.
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Saeb, Mohammad Reza, Hadi Ramezani Dakhel, Akbar Ghaffari, Alberto D’Amore, Domenico Acierno, and Luigi Grassia. "MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND VULCANIZATION CHARACTERISTICS OF STYRENE-BUTADIENE RUBBER (SBR) BASED COMPOUNDS FILLED WITH EGGSHELL POWDER AS A BIO-FILLER." In IV INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE TIMES OF POLYMERS (TOP) AND COMPOSITES. AIP, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2989045.

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