Journal articles on the topic 'Bingo hall'
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Rees-Davies, Toby. "CPR at the bingo hall." Nursing Standard 33, no. 5 (August 1, 2018): 35. http://dx.doi.org/10.7748/ns.33.5.35.s16.
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Suárez, C. Paredes, V. Fernández-Redondo, and J. Toribio. "Bingo-hall worker's occupational copper contact dermatitis from coins." Contact Dermatitis 47, no. 3 (September 2002): 182–000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-0536.2002.470308_17.x.
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De Groot, Kees. "Bingo! Holy play in experience-oriented society." Social Compass 64, no. 2 (April 13, 2017): 194–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0037768617697392.
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What place is there for holy play in experience-oriented society? Is it possible and useful to make analytic distinctions between the liturgical quality of events? I explored these questions by doing research on the boundaries between the religious field and the field of leisure. Fifty site visits to public events in the Netherlands (2006–2014) resulted in a collection of ethnographic data. I used the concept of play as introduced by the Dutch historian Johan Huizinga and the tools of ritual studies to explore whether these could help to produce an account of the liturgical quality of ritualized meetings. Holy play might be found in unexpected places, such as in a bingo hall. Huizinga’s broad diagnosis of modernity may be outdated, but the tools he introduced remain useful to distinguish the elements that constitute late-modern meetings as more or less playful – even when this involves combinations that seem contradictory from Huizinga’s own point of view.
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Walton, Edward A. "Carbon monoxide poisoning at an in-door ice arena and bingo hall—Seattle, 1996." Journal of Emergency Medicine 14, no. 5 (September 1996): 660. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0736-4679(96)90209-7.
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Bedford, Kate. "Getting the Bingo Hall Back Again? Gender, Gambling Law Reform, and Regeneration Debates in a District Council Licensing Board." Social & Legal Studies 20, no. 3 (September 2011): 369–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0964663911407652.
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Bedford, Kate D. "Regulating Volunteering: Lessons from the Bingo Halls." Law & Social Inquiry 40, no. 02 (2015): 461–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/lsi.12100.
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This article uses charitable bingo to explore the sociolegal regulation of volunteers. Using case studies of two provincial bingo revitalization initiatives in Canada, I explore how charities and government officials manage the tension between regulating and incentivizing volunteers. I show that bingo revitalization plans in Alberta and Ontario increased surveillance of nonregularized workers and failed to protect charity service users from unpaid labor requirements. Moreover, revitalization initiatives reframe the volunteer role to focus on customer service and explaining how charities benefit the community. The potential for bingo volunteering to promote spaces of mutual aid with players will thus likely decline. I suggest that the allied power of charity and state over unpaid workers is increasing, giving charities better‐protected interests in volunteer labor and changing the tasks that volunteers do. The need for more research exploring the interests of volunteers as regulatory stakeholders in their own right is thus pressing.
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Hutchinson, Peter James, Joan L. Bottorff, Natalie Chambers, Roberta Mowatt, Dennis Wardman, Debbie Sullivan, and Wanda Williams. "What Are the Odds? Community Readiness for Smoke-Free Bingos in First Nation Communities." International Journal of Indigenous Health 7, no. 1 (June 7, 2013): 32. http://dx.doi.org/10.18357/ijih71201112351.
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Community members have identified second-hand smoke exposure among young women and children within First Nations communities as a concern. As part of a community-based research project, we analyzed experiences related to establishing smoke-free public spaces and the challenges related to smoking and bingo. The purpose of this study was to a) describe and compare community smoking at bingo in First Nations communities, and b) draw implications for assessing and supporting community readiness for comprehensive tobacco control policies (TCPs). Data were collected using individual interviews, group discussions, and observations in the community. The establishment of smoke-free public spaces in communities evolved out of concern by people traditionally responsible for the well-being of the community. Despite close proximity and similar socioeconomic contexts, readiness to extend these successes to bingos held in community halls was influenced by three main factors: a) economic drivers, b) the smoking majority, and c) grassroots support. Although models for assessing community readiness provide a useful starting point for understanding local TCP development and implementation in First Nations communities, other factors also need to be considered. Using a comprehensive approach to assessing community readiness has the potential to increase success in extending TCPs and practices in First Nations communities in ways that are culturally relevant, address local conditions, and build on existing efforts.
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Bottorff, Joan L., Joanne Carey, Roberta Mowatt, Colleen Varcoe, Joy L. Johnson, Peter Hutchinson, Debbie Sullivan, Wanda Williams, and Dennis Wardman. "Bingo halls and smoking: Perspectives of First Nations women." Health & Place 15, no. 4 (December 2009): 1014–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.healthplace.2009.04.005.
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Rolofson, Kelsey N. "Capitalist and Communal Foundations in The Bingo Palace." Undergraduate Research Journal for the Humanities 4, no. 1 (June 29, 2020): 55–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.17161/urjh.v4i1.13445.
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Published in 1994, Louise Erdrich’s The Bingo Palace traces the journey of Lipsha Morrissey, who is called to return to his childhood home, a fictional Ojibwe reservation, after years of living off-reservation with his father. Upon his return, Lipsha becomes enamored with a young woman, Shawnee Ray, and entangled in conflict with Lyman, Lipsha’s uncle, half-brother, and the father of Shawnee Ray’s child, who plans to build a glamorous “Bingo Palace” on reservation land to bring wealth to the Ojibwe people. As Lipsha struggles to reconcile his conflict with Lyman, he faces questions of identity, family, and an ethical dilemma: would the economic benefits of a “Bingo Palace” outweigh the cultural costs?
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Aslan, Dr Imran. "Measuring Halal awareness at Bingol City." Journal of Social Sciences (COES&RJ-JSS) 5, no. 3 (July 1, 2016): 340–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.25255/jss.2016.5.3.340.355.
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Turner, J. C. "Is the Binge-Drinking Glass Half Full or Half Empty?" PEDIATRICS 119, no. 5 (May 1, 2007): 1035. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.2007-0042.
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Miller, J. W., T. S. Naimi, and R. D. Brewer. "Is the Binge-Drinking Glass Half Full or Half Empty?: In Reply." PEDIATRICS 119, no. 5 (May 1, 2007): 1035–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.2007-0468.
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Pluhar, Emily I., Syidah Abdullah, and E. Thomaseo Burton. "Endorsement of Binge Eating Symptoms in a Sample of Predominantly Non-Hispanic Black Adolescents." Clinical Pediatrics 59, no. 8 (April 10, 2020): 766–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0009922820915897.
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Binge eating disorder (BED) as well as individual subthreshold binge eating symptoms are related to deleterious physical and socioemotional outcomes among adolescents. The present study examined the prevalence of specific binge eating behaviors among a sample of primarily non-Hispanic Black outpatients presenting to weight management and endocrinology clinics. Analyses are based on 103 adolescents (69.9% female, 66.9% non-Hispanic Black) who endorsed one or more binge eating symptoms on a nonstandardized clinical assessment patterned after Diagnostic Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition ( DSM-5) criteria. The most commonly endorsed symptom was eating in excess of what is considered normal (71.8%), while least commonly endorsed symptoms included guilt, distress, and embarrassment due to overeating (17.5% to 26.2%). More than half of the participants endorsed multiple specific binge eating symptoms. The level of subthreshold symptomatology reported underscores the importance of developmental and cultural tailoring of prevention and intervention efforts to address these behaviors as a means of curbing clinical-level onset of BED.
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Maida, Rebecca, and Jesse Stabile Morrell. "Relationship between Binge Drinking and Diet Quality Scores Among College Students." Current Developments in Nutrition 6, Supplement_1 (June 2022): 378. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzac054.033.
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Abstract Objectives Despite the negative impact on health, safety, and academics, research shows college students have high rates of binge drinking. The purpose of this study is to determine the relationship between binge drinking and diet quality among college students at a large university. Methods Data were collected between 2012–2021from the College Health and Nutrition Assessment Survey (CHANAS), an ongoing, cross-sectional study, at a northeastern university. After excluding participants with missing data, the final sample (n = 4,519) was 66.5% female and 33.5% male. Via online survey, participants self-reported their drinking occasions during the past 30 days; binge drinking was defined as ≥ 5 drinks for men and ≥ 4 drinks for women per occasion. Binge drinking was further categorized into 3 groups: non-binge drinkers, moderate binge drinkers (1–5 times/30 days), and heavy binge drinkers (5–30 times/30 days). Diet quality was assessed using a modified Healthy Eating Index (HEI); scoring was based upon HEI-2005, -2010, and -2015. Differences in HEI scores according to binge drinking participation were evaluated using ANCOVA; gender, age, total perceived stress scores, and BMI served as covariates. Results More than half (n = 2,624; 58.1%) of participants reported binge drinking within the past 30 days; 19.5% of participants reported binge drinking 6 or more times within the past 30 days. The mean modified HEI score was 64.8 ± .2. Heavy binge drinkers had the lowest HEI scores when compared to moderate and non-binge drinkers (63.8 ± .4 vs. 64.8 ± .3 and 65.5 ± .3, p = 0.05, p < 0.01). Conclusions Findings show high rates of binge drinking. While many college students will benefit from reducing binge drinking habits data also suggests a modest relationship with dietary quality. This work adds to the evidence in the college population of the benefits of reducing alcohol intake. Funding Sources New Hampshire Agriculture Experiment Station and USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture Hatch Project 1,010,738.
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Chaleff, Rebecca. "The Symphonic Bodyby Ann Carlson: Wednesday 26 June 2013 7.00p.m. · Bing Concert Hall." Performance Research 19, no. 3 (May 4, 2014): 14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13528165.2014.935192.
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Gulliver, S. B., R. T. Zimering, F. Dobani, M. L. Pennington, S. B. Morissette, B. W. Kamholz, J. A. Knight, et al. "Alcohol use and mental health symptoms in female firefighter recruits." Occupational Medicine 69, no. 8-9 (December 2019): 625–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/occmed/kqaa015.
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Abstract Background Limited research suggests that female firefighters report problem drinking at higher rates than the general population. Aims To identify longitudinal drinking patterns in female firefighters, make comparisons to male firefighters and examine problem drinking in relation to post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression. Methods Study participants included 33 female and 289 male firefighter recruits, who were assessed over their first 3 years of fire service. Results Female firefighters consumed increasing numbers of drinks per week, with a median of 0.90 drinks per week at baseline, and 1.27 drinks in year 3. Female firefighters reported binge drinking at high rates, with nearly half binging at least once per year across all time points (44–74%). The percentage that reported binge drinking three or more times per month doubled over the course of the study (from 9% to 18%). Overall, males reported higher rates of binge drinking and a greater number of drinks per week; however, binge drinking rates among females increased over time and became comparable to rates of binge drinking among males. A greater percentage of female than male firefighters met the criteria for problem drinking by year 1. Problem drinking was associated with screening positive for PTSD at year 1 and depression at year 2, but not with occupational injury. Conclusions Over time, female firefighters reported increasing amounts of drinking, more frequent binge drinking and more negative consequences from drinking. These findings along with existing literature indicate female firefighters change their drinking in the direction of their male counterparts.
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Patrick, Megan E., and Yvonne M. Terry-McElrath. "Prevalence of High-Intensity Drinking from Adolescence through Young Adulthood: National Data from 2016-2017." Substance Abuse: Research and Treatment 13 (January 2019): 117822181882297. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1178221818822976.
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High-intensity drinking (HID; ie, having 10+ drinks in a row) is a recognized public health concern due to the individual and public risks (eg, alcohol-related injuries, alcohol poisoning, memory loss, sexual risk) associated with consumption of a large quantity of alcohol over a relatively short time period. Using nationally representative samples of US 8th, 10th, and 12th grade students, and follow-up of subsamples of 12th graders, we present overall and sex-specific prevalence estimates of past 2-week HID from 29 966 individuals at the modal ages of 14 to 30 in 2016-2017. Similar data for the more commonly studied measure of binge drinking (having 5+ drinks in a row) is provided for comparison. HID prevalence ranged from 1% to 11.5% and was significantly higher for males than females at all ages other than modal age 14 (8th grade). Binge drinking prevalence ranged from 3.5% to 32.5%; males reported a higher prevalence than females at approximately half of the ages examined. Peak binge drinking and HID age for males was earlier (modal age 21/22) than that for females (modal age 21-24 for binge drinking and 25/26 for HID). The observed rapid increase in HID from adolescence through the early to mid-20s highlights the importance of prevention and intervention efforts targeted to these ages.
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Navia, Bradford, James I. Hudson, Susan L. McElroy, Anna I. Guerdjikova, Ling Deng, Kaushik Sarma, Seth Hopkins, Kenneth Koblan, Antony Loebel, and Robert Goldman. "113 Dasotraline for the Treatment of Moderate to Severe Binge Eating Disorder in Adults: Results From a Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study." CNS Spectrums 23, no. 1 (February 2018): 72–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1092852918000135.
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AbstractObjectivesBinge eating disorder (BED) is the most common eating disorder in the US, with a lifetime prevalence of 2.8%. Disturbances in reward circuitry have been implicated in its pathogenesis. Dasotraline is a novel and potent dopamine and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor with slow absorption and a long half-life resulting in stable plasma concentrations over 24 hours with once-daily dosing. This study evaluated the efficacy and safety of flexibly-dosed dasotraline (4, 6, and 8 mg/day) vs placebo in adults with moderate to severe BED over a 12-week period (NCT02564588).MethodsKey inclusion criteria included moderate to severe BED based on a history of ≥2 binge eating days/week for ≥6 months prior to screening, and ≥3 binge eating days for each of2 weeks prior to randomization, as documented in participant’s binge eating diary. Patients were randomized 1:1 to flexibly-dosed dasotraline (4, 6, 8 mg/day) or placebo. Theprimary endpoint was change from baseline (CFB) in the number of binge eating days per week at Week 12. Key secondary endpoints were: CFB in Clinical Global Impression–Severity (CGI-S) Scale at Week 12; CFB in Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale Modified for Binge Eating (YBOCS-BE) at Week 12; and the percentage ofsubjects with a 4-week cessation from binge eating prior to Week 12 or end of treatment (EOT). Except for 4-week cessation, the other three variables were analyzed using amixed model for repeated measures (MMRM).Results317 subjects (84% female) received ≥1 dose of study medication (mean age was 38.2 years; mean number of binge eating days per week, 4.25; mean CGI-S score, 4.5; mean BMI, 34.7). The MMRM analysis of CFB at Week 12 in the number of binge days/week yielded a significant mean difference of –0.99 (95% CI: –0.65 to –1.33; p<0.001) infavour of dasotraline (–3.74 in the dasotraline group vs –2.75 in the placebo group). All three key secondary endpoints were met at Week 12 or EOT: 46.5% of subjects in thedasotraline group achieved at least 4 consecutive weeks’ cessation from binge eating vs 20.6% in the placebo group (p<0.001); CFB in CGI-S and YBOCS-BE scores were also statistically significant in favour of dasotraline (p<0.001). The treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) that occurred more frequently with dasotraline vs placebo at >2% incidence included: insomnia (44.6% vs 8.1%), dry mouth (27.4% vs 5.0%), decreased appetite (19.7% vs 6.9%), anxiety (17.8% vs 2.5%), nausea (12.7% vs 6.9%) and decreased body weight (12.1% vs 0%). Discontinuation due to AEs occurred in 11.5% of patients taking dasotraline vs 2.5% taking placebo.ConclusionsIn adults with moderate to severe BED, there were highly significant and clinically meaningful reductions with dasotraline vs placebo in the frequency of binge eating, global severity of illness, and obsessive-compulsive symptoms related to binge eating. These results suggest dasotraline may offer a novel, well-tolerated and efficacious treatmentfor BED.Funding AcknowledgementsStudy sponsored by Sunovion Pharmaceuticals Inc.
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Citrome, Leslie, Robert Goldman, Joyce Tsai, Ling Deng, Todd Grinnell, and Andrei Pikalov. "169 Dasotraline for Treatment of Adults with Binge-Eating Disorder: Effect on Binge-related Obsessions and Compulsions." CNS Spectrums 25, no. 2 (April 2020): 307–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1092852920000851.
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Abstract:Background:Binge-eating disorder (BED), the most common eating disorder in the US, is frequently associated with impairment in quality of life and functioning. Dasotraline, a long-acting dopamine/norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor, has a PK profile characterized by slow absorption and an elimination half-life of 47-77 hours, and is dosed once-daily. In a recent placebo-controlled, flexible-dose study, dasotraline demonstrated significant efficacy in patients with BED. We now report an analysis from this study of the effect of dasotraline on binge-related obsessions and compulsions.Method:Patients with moderate-to-severe BED, based on DSM-5 criteria, were randomized to 12 weeks of double-blind, placebo controlled, treatment with flexible doses of dasotraline (4, 6, and 8 mg/d). The primary efficacy measure was number of binge-eating days/week; secondary measures included the Binge Eating Clinical Global Impression of Severity (BE-CGI-S) score and the Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale Modified for Binge-Eating (Y-BOCS-BE), a validated, 10-item interviewer-administered measure designed to assess the severity of obsessional thoughts and compulsive behaviors related to binge eating. Change from baseline in efficacy measures in the Intent-to-treat (ITT) population were analyzed using a mixed model for repeated measures (MMRM) analysis.Results:The ITT population consisted of 317 patients (female, 84%; mean age, 38.2 years). LS mean reduction from baseline in number of Binge Eating (BE) days per week was significantly greater for dasotraline vs. placebo at week 12 (-3.74 vs. -2.75; P<0.0001; effect size [ES] = 0.74; primary endpoint); week 12 change was significantly greater for dasotraline vs. placebo on the Y-BOCS-BE total score (-17.05 vs. -9.88; P<0.0001; ES, 0.96), the obsession subscale score (-8.32 vs. -4.58; P<0.0001; ES, 0.95), and the compulsion subscale score (-8.69 vs. -5.35; P<0.0001; ES, 0.87). All 10 YBOCS-BE items were significantly improved on dasotraline vs. placebo at week 12 (P<0.001 for all comparisons; with effect sizes ranging from 0.54 to 0.90). At Week 12 (LOCF), for dasotraline and placebo, 52.3% and 18.4% of patients, respectively, had a BE-CGI-S score of 1 (“normal; not at all ill”; NNT=3). At endpoint, for patients with a global illness severity score of 1, the corresponding mean Y-BOCS-BE total scores were 0.5 and 0.7 for dasotraline and placebo, respectively, indicating that when BED illness severity approaches “normal, not at all ill”, binge-related obsessions and compulsions demonstrate comparably low levels of severity.Conclusion:In this placebo-controlled, 12-week study of patients with moderate-to-severe binge eating disorder, treatment with dasotraline (4-8 mg/d) was associated with significant and clinically meaningful reduction in binge-related obsessional thoughts and compulsive behaviors.Clinicaltrials.gov number: NCT02564588Funding Acknowledgements:Supported by funding from Sunovion Pharmaceuticals Inc.
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Weis, K. G., S. M. Southwick, and Michael E. Rupert. "Abnormal Anther and Pollen Development in Sweet Cherry Cultivars Resulting from Lack of Winter Chilling." HortScience 31, no. 4 (August 1996): 684d—684. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.31.4.684d.
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Lack of pollen dispersal was noted in various sites and cultivars of sweet cherry (Prunus avium) following one of California's warmest recorded winters (≈550 hours @ 7°C in the Central Valley). `Bing' cherry is thought to require 850 to 880 hours for adequate budbreak and bloom development. Cross pollination is required by most sweet cherry cultivars for fruit set, including `Bing'. Complete anther dehiscence averaged 13% in `Bing' trees sampled, compared to 52% in `Rainier', 65% in `Brooks', 84.5% in `Burlat', 33% in Van, 23% in `Larian', and 86% in `Black Tartarian'. A range of degree of dehiscence from none to half-open was widely apparent, again by cultivar. Many partially dehiscent anthers did not shed pollen normally but appeared to have the mass of pollen completely adherent inside the pollen sacs. `Black Tartarian', `Larian', and `Burlat' shed pollen readily, however, pollen from dehiscent anthers of other cultivars generally appeared to stick together on the everted locule walls and required direct manipulation to be withdrawn from the pollen sac. Anther morphology ranged from normal size to half normal size, anthers appearing to be without pollen altogether that shriveled on drying, and lobes that were aborted. Pollen germination was low overall: 19% `Bing', 18% `Rainier', 20% `Brooks', 57% `Burlat', 14% `Van', 48% `Larian', and 48% `Black Tartarian'. Poor fruit set in low chill years is often attributed to lack of bloom overlap with pollenizers, however, inadequate chilling also may contribute to low fruit set by inhibiting anther and pollen growth and development. The implications of a critical chilling requirement for normal floral differentiation are that in cherry-growing areas where low chill years are common, pollen may not be viable or transferrable from pollenizers and female gametophytic development also may be impaired.
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Ng Yuen, Nicole, and Richard Bursby. "ARE ALL BETS OFF? THE REOPENING OF CASINOS, BINGO HALLS, AND OTHER GAMBLING ESTABLISHMENTS IN POST-LOCKDOWN UK." Gaming Law Review 24, no. 8 (October 1, 2020): 559–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/glr2.2020.0022.
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Camplain, Ricky, Monica R. Lininger, Julie A. Baldwin, and Robert T. Trotter. "Cardiovascular Risk Factors among Individuals Incarcerated in an Arizona County Jail." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 13 (June 30, 2021): 7007. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18137007.
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We aimed to estimate the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors, including hypertension, diabetes, high cholesterol, cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption, and obesity among a sample of individuals incarcerated in an Arizona county jail and compare prevalence estimates to a matched non-institutionalized population. From 2017–2018, individuals housed at a county jail completed a cross-sectional health survey. We estimated the prevalence of hypertension, diabetes, cholesterol, overweight/obesity, cigarette smoking, binge drinking, and self-reported health among individuals incarcerated. We compared prevalence estimates of cardiovascular risk factors to a matched sample of 2017–2018 NHANES participants. Overall, 35.9%, 7.7%, and 17.8% of individuals incarcerated in jail self-reported hypertension, diabetes, and high cholesterol, respectively. Of individuals incarcerated, 59.6% were overweight or obese and 36.8% self-reported fair or poor general health. Over half of individuals incarcerated reported ever smoking cigarettes (72.3%) and binge drinking (60.7%). Compared to a matched sample of NHANES participants, individuals incarcerated in jail had a statistically higher prevalence of cigarette smoking and binge drinking. Screening of cardiovascular risk factors and providing preventive measures and interventions, such as healthy eating, physical activity, or pharmacological adherence interventions, while individuals are incarcerated may contribute to the prevention and management of cardiovascular risk factors and, eventually, cardiovascular disease.
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Citrome, Leslie. "Binge eating disorder revisited: what’s new, what’s different, what’s next." CNS Spectrums 24, S1 (June 14, 2019): 4–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1092852919001032.
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Binge eating disorder (BED) is the most common type of eating disorder. According to the most recent data available, the estimated lifetime prevalence of BED among US adults in the general population is 0.85% (men 0.42% and women 1.25%). Among psychiatric treatment populations, prevalence is several-fold higher. Although many people with BED are obese (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2), roughly half are not. In the DSM-5, BED is defined by recurrent episodes of binge eating (eating in a discrete period of time, an amount of food larger than most people would eat in a similar amount of time under similar circumstancesanda sense of lack of control over eating during the episode), occurring on average at least once a week for 3 months, and associated with marked distress. BED often goes unrecognized and thus untreated; in one study, 344 of 22,387 (1.5%) survey respondents met DSM-5 criteria for BED, but only 11 out of the 344 had ever been diagnosed with BED by a health-care provider. Psychiatric comorbidities are very common, with most adults with BED also experiencing anxiety disorders, mood disorders, impulse control disorders, or substance use disorders, suggesting that clinicians have patients in their practice with unrecognized BED. Multiple neurobiological explanations have been suggested for BED, including dysregulation in reward center and impulse control circuitry. Additionally, there is interplay between genetic influences and environmental stressors. Psychological treatments such as cognitive behavioral interventions have been recommended as first line and are supported by meta-analytic reviews; however, access to such treatments may be limited because of local availability and/or cost, and these treatments generally lead to little to no weight loss, although successfully eliminating binge eating can protect against future weight gain. Routine medication treatments for anxiety and depression do not necessarily ameliorate the symptoms of BED, but there are approved and emerging medication options, lisdexamfetamine and dasotraline, respectively, that specifically address the core drivers behind binge eating, namely obsessive thoughts and compulsive behaviors regarding food, resulting in marked decreases in binge eating behaviors as well as weight loss.
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Kamody, Rebecca C., Idia B. Thurston, and E. Thomaseo Burton. "Adolescent Engagement in a Binge-Eating Behavioral Health Intervention: Influence of Perceptions of Physical Appearance and Locus of Control." Children 8, no. 2 (February 3, 2021): 102. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/children8020102.
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Traditional weight management approaches focused solely on weight loss as a measure of success may lead youth to internalize negative beliefs about their appearance, and feel they have little control over their health. We examined how perceptions of appearance and health-related locus of control (HRLOC) influenced engagement and outcomes in a behavioral health intervention for binge eating. Thirty adolescents aged 14–18 years completed measures of self-perception, HRLOC, and eating behaviors. Half (n = 15) completed baseline assessments only, while the other half participated in a 10-week intervention targeting dysregulated eating behaviors. Analyses revealed negative perceptions of physical appearance and internal HRLOC were higher at baseline among youth who completed the intervention compared to those who completed baseline assessments only. Among those completing the intervention, however, greater internal HRLOC and more positive perception of physical appearance at baseline was associated with greater reduction in objective binge episodes and emotional eating post-intervention. Findings of the present study suggest that while having a more negative perception of one’s appearance may initially motivate youth to participate in weight-related interventions, such perceptions can actually lead to poorer health outcomes, and further supports the extant literature on the benefits of interventions that engender positive body image.
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Hanson, Jessica D., Carolyn Noonan, Amy Harris, Kyra Oziel, Michelle Sarche, Richard F. MacLehose, Marcia O’Leary, and Dedra Buchwald. "Alcohol Consumption during COVID among Women with an Existing Alcohol-Use Disorder." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 18 (September 8, 2021): 9460. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18189460.
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Prior to the pandemic, our research team implemented a randomized controlled trial of an intervention to reduce risk for alcohol-exposed pregnancy (AEP) in American Indian women. When active recruitment for the in-person trial was paused due to COVID, the research team moved to conducting follow-up surveys with participants who had completed the intervention to better understand changes to their alcohol use during the pandemic. We collected surveys from 62 American Indian women who had completed the Native CHOICES intervention. Baseline data collected pre-COVID included demographics and scores on the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT). Follow-up surveys conducted during the active pandemic period included a self-reported questionnaire about changes in drinking patterns. At pre-COVID baseline, all participants were engaged in heavy or binge drinking. At follow-up during COVID, 24.2% reported drinking more, and over half had at least one binge drinking episode. Approximately half reported reduced drinking. We found that risky drinking remained an issue during the pandemic for many American Indian women who had engaged in this behavior pre-COVID, while others reported reducing their alcohol consumption. As the pandemic abates, concerted efforts must be made to reach those with identified alcohol use disorders to offer resources and intervention as needed.
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Calugi, Simona, Beatrice Andreoli, Laura Dametti, Anna Dalle Grave, Nicole Morandini, and Riccardo Dalle Grave. "The Impact of COVID-19 Lockdown on Patients with Obesity after Intensive Cognitive Behavioral Therapy—A Case-Control Study." Nutrients 13, no. 6 (June 11, 2021): 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13062021.
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Background: The COVID-19 lockdown may have negatively impacted the treatment of obesity. This study aimed to assess the effect of COVID-19 lockdown in patients with obesity treated with intensive residential cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT-OB). Methods: This retrospective case-control study analyzed 129 patients with severe obesity who experienced COVID-19 lockdown in the 6 months after discharge from intensive residential CBT-OB, comparing their outcomes on weight loss, binge-eating episodes, and general health status with those in a sample of patients matched by gender, age, and body mass index given the same treatment before the COVID-19 outbreak as control. Patients were assessed at baseline and by phone interview 6-month follow-up. Results: Both groups had lost more than 9% of their baseline bodyweight and reported a significant decrease in binge-eating episodes and similar general health status at 6-month follow-up. However, control patients achieved a significantly greater weight loss than those who experienced lockdown, although half of lockdown patients reported persisting with CBT-OB procedures after their discharge. Conclusion: Patients with obesity treated with CBT-OB and exposed to COVID-19 lockdown, despite achieving lower weight loss than non-exposed patients, had a healthy weight loss at 6-month follow-up and comparable reduction in binge-eating behaviors.
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Billard, Thomas J. "Experimental Evidence for Differences in the Prosocial Effects of Binge-Watched Versus Appointment-Viewed Television Programs." Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly 96, no. 4 (April 22, 2019): 1025–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1077699019843856.
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This study investigated the influence of television consumption patterns on changes in attitudes toward depicted social out-groups. Participants were randomly assigned to view six episodes of Amazon’s Transparent, a comedy-drama program about a family whose father comes out as a transgender woman, in either one 3-hr (“binge-watching”) session or six weekly half-hour (“appointment-viewing”) sessions. Across both groups, we found exposure to the narrative reduced anti-transgender prejudice. Counter to the predictions of the extended elaboration likelihood model and the entertainment overcoming resistance model, however, improvement in prejudice toward transgender people was not predicted by narrative or character involvement. Rather, reduction in prejudice was an outcome of viewing condition, such that those who viewed the program on a schedule of one episode per week exhibited lower levels of postexposure prejudice than those who binge-watched, and their attitudinal changes were more persistent 3 weeks later. Results are discussed in the context of the original elaboration likelihood model, proposing mechanisms for further testing.
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Yuryeva, Liudmyla, Viktoriia Ogorenko, Andrii Shornikov, and Viktor Kokashynskyi. "Validation of the ukrainian version of Binge Eating Scale." Ukrains'kyi Visnyk Psykhonevrolohii, Volume 30, issue 2 (111) (August 17, 2022): 68–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.36927/2079-0325-v30-is2-2022-11.
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The article presents the results of validation of the Ukrainian ver- sion of the Binge Eating Scale (BES), the psychometric properties of which have not yet been tested among the Ukrainian-speaking population. The BES is a questionnaire de- signed to identify and diagnose in- dividuals suffering from Binge-eating disorder (BED). The aim of the work was to check the psychometric properties of the Ukrainian version of BES, to es- tablish the factor structure, internal consistency and constructive validity in the sample of Ukrainian youth. A cross-sectional study of 87 par- ticipants was conducted: students from different higher education in- stitutions who could read and write in the Ukrainian language. To char- acterize the criterion of validity, the BES was compared with the data of the clinical criteria for BED on DSM- 5, which in this study is considered the gold standard for the diagnosis of BED. The Ukrainian version of BES dem- onstrated a standardized Cronbach’s alpha of 0.885, showing good internal consistency close to high (0.9). The split half size was 0.899, indi- cating a very high split half. The corre- lation between the halves of the test was 0.766720035, which indicates a fairly high reliability in terms of in- ternal consistency. Factor analysis showed a two- factor structure. This explained only 46.2 % of the variance. The ROC analysis found that the re- sulting area under the curve (AUC) was 0.811 (95 % CI: 0.713; 0.887), indicating good model quality. The results of our study confirm the psychometric reli- ability of the BES, high design and criterion validity. Thus, the Ukrainian version of BES has psychometric char- acteristics close to the original.
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Pinsky, Ilana, Marcos Sanches, Marcos Zaleski, Ronaldo Laranjeira, and Raul Caetano. "Patterns of alcohol use among Brazilian adolescents." Revista Brasileira de Psiquiatria 32, no. 3 (April 30, 2010): 242–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1516-44462010005000007.
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OBJECTIVE: To describe patterns of alcohol consumption by adolescents in Brazil. METHOD: From November 2005 to April 2006, a sample composed of 661 subjects aged between 14 to 17 years was rigorously selected in Brazil using a multistage probabilistic method to represent the profile of the adolescent Brazilian population. RESULTS: 34% of Brazilian adolescents drink alcoholic beverages. The mean age of drinking initiation was 14 years of age. Older adolescents, as well as those living in the southern part of Brazil, those who are not attending school and those who are working, and black individuals and those with personal income reported a higher frequency of drinking. Socio-demographic factors such as gender, income bracket, family income and student status do increase the amount of alcohol consumed. Males report a higher frequency of binge drinking than females. Moreover, more than half of the males that had drunk in the previous year reported having engaged in binge drinking on at least one occasion. Beer represents approximately half of all the drinks consumed by adolescents. There was no significant difference between genders in the kind of alcohol consumed. DISCUSSION: Among adolescents who drink, the consumption of several drinks is frequent. Alcohol consumption varies from region to region, social economic status (including self-generated income) and age. These findings are discussed in light of their importance for the development of alcohol prevention policies in Brazil.
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Donath, C., E. Gräßel, D. Baier, S. Bleich, and T. Hillemacher. "Alcohol use and Binge Drinking in adolescents living in Germany: A representative study - variation of consumption patterns according to migration background." European Psychiatry 26, S2 (March 2011): 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-9338(11)71742-4.
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IntroductionBinge Drinking is a constant problem behaviour in adolescents across Europe. However, epidemiological data on alcohol consumption of adolescents with different migration backgrounds are rare.Objective/aimsCreate insight on alcohol consumption patterns in adolescents with different migration backgrounds living in Germany.MethodsIn the years 2007/2008, a representative written survey of N = 44,610 students in the 9th grade of different school types in Germany was carried out (net sample). The return rate of questionnaires was 88% regarding all students whose teachers respectively school directors had agreed to participate in the study. 27.4% of the adolescents surveyed have a migration background whereby the Turkish culture is the largest group followed by adolescents who emigrated from former Soviet Union states.ResultsMore than half (57.4%) of the German 9th-graders engaged in binge drinking at least once during the 4 weeks prior to the survey. Students with migration background of the former Soviet Union showed mainly similar drinking behaviour like German adolescents (56.2%). Adolescents with Turkish roots engaged in binge drinking less frequently than adolescents of German descent (23.6%). However, in those adolescents who consumed alcohol in the last 4 weeks, binge drinking is very prominent across cultural backgrounds.ConclusionsCommon expectations concerning drinking behaviour of adolescents of certain cultural backgrounds (‘migrants with Russian background drink more’/‘migrants from Islamic imprinted countries drink less’) are only partly affirmed. Possibly, the degree of acculturation to the permissive German alcohol culture plays a role here.
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Martinez-Avila, Wendy D., Guillermo Sanchez-Delgado, Francisco M. Acosta, Lucas Jurado-Fasoli, Pauline Oustric, Idoia Labayen, John E. Blundell, and Jonatan R. Ruiz. "Eating Behavior, Physical Activity and Exercise Training: A Randomized Controlled Trial in Young Healthy Adults." Nutrients 12, no. 12 (November 29, 2020): 3685. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12123685.
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Regular physical activity (PA) is an important part of the treatment of several medical conditions, including overweight and obesity, in which there may be a weakened appetite control. Eating behaviour traits influence weight control and may be different in active and sedentary subjects. This paper reports the relationships between the time spent in sedentary behaviour and physical activity (PA) of different intensity, and eating behaviour traits in young, healthy adults. Additionally, it reports the results of a six-month-long, randomized, controlled trial to examine the effect of an exercise intervention on eating behaviour traits. A total of 139 young (22.06 ± 2.26 years) healthy adults (68.35% women) with a Body Mass Index (BMI) of 24.95 ± 4.57 kg/m2 were enrolled. Baseline assessments of habitual PA were made using wrist-worn triaxial accelerometers; eating behaviour traits were examined via the self-reported questionnaires: Binge Eating, Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire-R18 and Control of Eating Questionnaire. The subjects were then randomly assigned to one of three groups: control (usual lifestyle), moderate-intensity exercise (aerobic and resistance training 3¨C4 days/week at a heart rate equivalent to 60% of the heart rate reserve (HRres) for the aerobic component, and at 50% of the 1 repetition maximum (RM) for the resistance component), or vigorous-intensity exercise (the same training but at 80% HRres for half of the aerobic training, and 70% RM for the resistance training). At baseline, sedentary behaviour was inversely associated with binge eating (r = −0.181, p < 0.05) and with uncontrolled eating (r = −0.286, p = 0.001). Moderate PA (MPA) was inversely associated with craving control (r = −0.188, p < 0.05). Moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) was directly associated with binge eating (r = 0.302, p < 0.001) and uncontrolled eating (r = 0.346, p < 0.001), and inversely associated with craving control (r = −0.170, p < 0.015). Overall, PA was directly associated with binge eating (r = 0.275, p = 0.001), uncontrolled eating (r = 0.321, p < 0.001) and emotional eating (r = 0.204, p < 0.05). Additionally, only emotional eating was modified by the intervention, increasing in the vigorous-intensity exercise group (p < 0.05). In summary, we observed that time spent in sedentary behaviour/PA of different intensity is associated with eating behaviour traits, especially binge eating in young adults. In contrast, the six-month exercise intervention did not lead to appreciable changes in eating behaviour traits.
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Cornelio-Marí, Elia Margarita. "La práctica del binge-watching entre estudiantes universitarios mexicanos." Cuadernos.info, no. 54 (2023): 205–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.7764/cdi.54.52353.
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La popularización de las plataformas de streaming favorece otras maneras de consumir contenidos audiovisuales, como el maratón de series televisivas (bingewatching). Se exploró esta práctica entre 457 jóvenes universitarios mexicanos entre 18 y 25 años de edad para aclarar los factores que la motivan, así como sus percepciones sobre los posibles efectos en su bienestar y desempeño académico. El enfoque del proyecto es mixto. Se realizaron seis grupos de discusión iniciales, con 30 participantes en total, y una encuesta en línea posterior. Se halló que los participantes miran en dispositivos móviles, prefieren ver durante los fines de semana y vacaciones, cuando “tienen tiempo”, o por la noche. Idealmente, miran los maratones a solas, pero en ocasiones lo hacen con familiares, amigos o parejas sentimentales, ya sea de manera presencial o remota. Los motivos son relajarse, socializar y aprender cosas nuevas. También lo conciben como un escape para afrontar situaciones emocionales difíciles, como las vividas durante el confinamiento causado por la pandemia por COVID-19. Los participantes se mostraron conscientes de los posibles efectos físicos de ver maratones, pero solo una minoría indicó haberlos experimentado. Los efectos del binge-watching en su vida académica son percibidos como limitados, pues mantienen la práctica bajo control, con algún eventual descuido.
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Van Steenwyk, R. A., and C. F. Fouche. "Control of Twospotted Spider Mite on Cherry, 1990." Insecticide and Acaricide Tests 16, no. 1 (January 1, 1991): 33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/iat/16.1.33.
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Abstract The study was conducted on mature 'Bing' cherry trees in a commercial orchard near Stockton, Calif. Seven treatments were replicated 4 times in a randomized complete block design. Each replicate consisted of a single tree, and there was one buffer tree in each direction from the experimental tree. Treatments were applied on 1 Aug with a hand-held orchard sprayer operating at 250 psi and delivering 400 gal/acre of finished spray. Control was evaluated by sampling 20 leaves weekly from 1 Aug through 4 Sep from each tree. Half of the leaves were taken randomly from the outside canopy and half from inside the canopy at heights of 4 to 8 ft. Leaves were brushed and all active mite stages counted under magnification.
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Jenkinson, Rebecca, Anna Bowring, Paul Dietze, Margaret Hellard, and Megan S. C. Lim. "Young Risk Takers: Alcohol, Illicit Drugs, and Sexual Practices among a Sample of Music Festival Attendees." Journal of Sexually Transmitted Diseases 2014 (December 14, 2014): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/357239.
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Background. Alcohol and other drug use and sexual risk behaviour are increasing among young Australians, with associated preventable health outcomes such as sexually transmissible infections (STIs) on the rise. Methods. A cross-sectional study of young people’s health behaviours conducted at a music festival in Melbourne, Australia, in 2011. Results. 1365 young people aged 16–29 completed the survey; 62% were female with a mean age of 20 years. The majority (94%, n=1287) reported drinking alcohol during the previous 12 months; among those, 32% reported “binge” drinking (6+ drinks) at least weekly. Half (52%) reported ever using illicit drugs and 25% reported past month use. One-quarter (27%) were identified as being at risk of STIs through unprotected sex with new or casual partners during the previous 12 months. Multivariable analyses found that risky sexual behaviour was associated with younger age (≤19 years), younger age of sexual debut (≤15 years), having discussed sexual health/contraception with a doctor, regular binge drinking, and recent illicit drug use. Conclusion. Substance use correlated strongly with risky sexual behaviour. Further research should explore young people’s knowledge of alcohol/drug-related impairment and associated risk-taking behaviours, and campaigns should encourage appropriate STI testing among music festival attendees.
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Beşlioğlu, Bahar, and Ayşen Savaş. "Fleabite: Gordon Matta-Clark and programmatic experimentation." Architectural Research Quarterly 16, no. 2 (June 2012): 125–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1359135512000449.
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Gordon Matta-Clark (1943–1978), one of the lesser known architects of the second half of the twentieth century, studied architecture at Cornell University between 1962 and 1968. Although he had always been part of an active circle of artists and architects with whom he shared his radical ideas, Matta-Clark was generally excluded from the architectural milieu since his proposed interventions were thought to be unsuitable for accommodation. His exclusion from the architectural scene was marked; following his Window-Blow-Out(s) project in 1976, as Mary Jane Jacob has pointed out, his colleagues – including Peter Eisenman and the members of the Institute for Architecture and Urban Studies (IAUS) – found it very hard to accept an architect with a BB gun in hand. The removal of the facade in the 1974 Bingo project; the elimination of the thresholds in the 1973 Bronx Floors; or the cut to a suburban house in the 1974 Splitting project were all evaluated as temporary, and destructive in the making; and were thus regarded as artistic actions to transform buildings into objects. As such, his critical architectural productions remained overshadowed behind a series of seemingly violent artistic intrusions.
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Ihsanuddin, Ihsanuddin, Abdus Salam, and Fauzan Putraga Al Bahri. "Mapping Halal Tourism Model as an Effort to Increase Visitation at Banda Aceh." Jurnal EMT KITA 3, no. 1 (June 26, 2019): 42. http://dx.doi.org/10.35870/emt.v3i1.97.
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Halal tourism in Indonesia has good economic prospects as part of the national tourism industry. The tourism industry aims not only to provide material and psychological aspects for tourists themselves but also to contribute to increase government revenue. Halal Tourism Mapping System is basically a form of mapping using Google's advanced features and maps as an effort to collect data mapping of halal destination data in order to become a media and promotion for halal tourism search with the label "The Light Of Aceh". This effort is a form of the initial step as a regional promotion, especially halal attractions so that they are indexed by giant search engines such as Google, Yahoo, and Bing. Government and community expectations of visitors from both local and international came to be a problem in terms of technology because they do not understand it and understand the ease of mapping features of an area. It is hoped that the Halal Tourism mapping system with the label "The Light of Aceh" can realize the dream of the community and the government to increase visitors from outside the region and abroad. Predictions of the results obtained from the results of this study are to help tourists and visitors in obtaining information on halal attractions in Banda Aceh, as well as helping the Government and the public in encouraging increased foreign tourist arrivals.Keywords: Models, Mapping, Halal Tourism, Aceh.
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Simon, Laurence, Xavier Leleu, Jehan Dupuis, Therese Aurran, Lauris Gastaud, Carole Soussain, Beatrice Mahe, et al. "Bing Neel Syndrome: The French Experience." Blood 124, no. 21 (December 6, 2014): 3068. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v124.21.3068.3068.
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Abstract Background: Bing-Neel syndrome (BNS) is a rare complication of Waldenström Macroglobulinemia (WM) defined as the direct involvement of central nervous system (CNS) by neoplastic cells. Because of its rarity, few data are currently available in the literature, which is mostly based on case-reports descriptions. The management of these patients is challenging with no consensus about the best treatment strategies to use. Patients and Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 37 patients out of 15 French centers databases, treated for a BNS between 1995 and 2014. Results: At the time of BNS diagnosis, the median age was 64 years. In 13 cases (35%), BNS was the first manifestation of WM. In others cases, median time between WM diagnosis and BNS was 96 months (range 2-300).BNS occurrence was correlated with a systemic progression of WM in 30% of cases. For the others patients with no systemic progression of WM, median time between the end of the last treatment of WM and BNS diagnosis was 30 months (range 10-72). The median IgM level was 11.25 g/L (range 0.35-60.8) at the time of BNS onset. Clinical manifestations: the most frequent symptoms at the time of BNS diagnosis were cognitive impairment (32%), motor or sensory deficits (30% and 16% respectively), pain (16%), cranial nerves involvement (30%), headache (21%), poor performance status (32%) and cauda equina syndrome (18%). The median interval between appearance of neurological symptoms and diagnosis of BNS was 4 months. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis showed a lymphocytic meningitis in 81% of cases with a median of 33 cells/mm3 (range 7-3900), all with monoclonal B-cell population when phenotyping was available (except one case). Protein level was elevated in 94% (1,77 g/L in median, range 0,52-7,23). Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed abnormalities in 83% (n=29/35) of cases. Meningeal enhancement was present in 52% of cases with conus medullaris infiltration in half of these patients. Cerebral enhancement was present in 45 % of cases and a normal pressure hydrocephalus in 3 cases. In 17% of cases, MRI was normal. Based on MRI results and CSF analysis, the majority of patients (81%, n=30/37) had an infiltrative form with only 7 patients presenting with a pseudotumoral involvement of brain parenchyma. The diagnosis was made on CSF analysis in the majority of cases (82%, n= 28/34). In four cases the diagnosis required a brain biopsy. First-line treatment comprised systemic chemotherapy in 89% (n=33/37) of cases. Treatment of CNS involvement was based on high-dose chemotherapy in 17 cases (methotrexate and/or aracytine). Intra-thecal chemotherapy was used in 70% of cases, and rituximab in 58% of cases. Autologous stem-cell transplantation (ASCT) in first-line was performed in 4 cases. 4 patients were treated up-front by whole-brain radiotherapy (in combination with systemic chemotherapy by fludarabine, cyclophosphamide and rituximab in 1 case). Outcome: 31 patients were assessable for first-line treatment response: overall response rate (ORR) was 68% (n=21/31) including 7 complete remissions; 7 patients had a progressive disease. 9 patients died. Median follow-up of alive patients was 23 months. At 5 years after BNS diagnosis, 79% of the patients were alive. Conclusion: Up to now, this is the most important retrospective cohort of patients presenting with Bing-Neel syndrome. In more than one third of the cases, BNS was the first manifestation of WM disease. Noteworthy is the late occurrence of some cases, up to 25 years. No correlation was observed between systemic progression of WM and BNS occurrence. BNS should be considered even in the context of a stable WM disease. In order to define the best treatment strategies, collection of additional cases is currently ongoing, and data will be up-dated at time of the meeting. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
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Herrero-Montes, Manuel, Cristina Alonso-Blanco, María Paz-Zulueta, Carmen Sarabia-Cobo, Laura Ruiz-Azcona, and Paula Parás-Bravo. "Binge Drinking in Spanish University Students: Associated Factors and Repercussions: A Preliminary Study." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 23 (November 30, 2019): 4822. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16234822.
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Alcohol consumption is common among young people. We performed a preliminary cross-sectional study among students (aged 18–30 years) enrolled for the academic year 2018–2019 at the Faculty of Nursing, University of Cantabria (Spain). We collected information on psychological and sociographic factors, tobacco and cannabis uses, and levels of physical activity by AUDIT questionnaires and in person interviews. The aim of our study was to assess the potential of binge drinking (BD) to adversely affect memory and executive function. We recruited 103 students, of whom 85% were female. The alcohol use pattern of slightly more than one-half of the total population was classified as BD. Among BD students, one-fourth were smokers, and nearly one-third had tried cannabis. The mean onset for alcohol use was 15.11 years. Despite our relatively small sample size, our results show that there are strong relationships between BD and both smoking and cannabis use.
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Eddy, K. T., S. A. Swanson, R. D. Crosby, D. L. Franko, S. Engel, and D. B. Herzog. "How should DSM-V classify eating disorder not otherwise specified (EDNOS) presentations in women with lifetime anorexia or bulimia nervosa?" Psychological Medicine 40, no. 10 (January 5, 2010): 1735–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291709992200.
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ObjectiveAnorexia nervosa (AN) and bulimia nervosa (BN) are marked by longitudinal symptom fluctuations. DSM-IV-TR does not address how to classify eating disorder (ED) presentations in individuals who no longer meet full criteria for these disorders. To consider this issue, we examined subthreshold presentations in women with initial diagnoses of AN and BN.MethodA total of 246 women with AN or BN were followed for a median of 9 years; weekly symptom data were collected at frequent intervals using the Longitudinal Interval Follow-up Evaluation of Eating Disorders (LIFE-EAT-II). Outcomes were ED presentations that were subthreshold for ⩾3 months, including those narrowly missing full criteria for AN or BN, along with binge eating disorder (BED) and purging disorder.ResultsDuring follow-up, most women (77.6%) experienced a subthreshold presentation. Subthreshold presentation was related to intake diagnosis (Wald χ2=8.065, df=2, p=0.018). Individuals with AN most often developed subthreshold presentations resembling AN; those with BN were more likely to develop subthreshold BN. Purging disorder was experienced by half of those with BN and one-quarter of those with AN binge/purge type (ANBP); BED occurred in 20% with BN. Transition from AN or BN to most subthreshold types was associated with improved psychosocial functioning (p<0.001).ConclusionsSubthreshold presentations in women with lifetime AN and BN were common, resembled the initial diagnosis, and were associated with modest improvements in psychosocial functioning. For most with lifetime AN and BN, subthreshold presentations seem to represent part of the course of illness and to fit within the original AN or BN diagnosis.
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Ladouceur, Robert, Christian Jacques, Serge Chevalier, Serge Sévigny, and Denis Hamel. "Prevalence of Pathological Gambling in Quebec in 2002." Canadian Journal of Psychiatry 50, no. 8 (July 2005): 451–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/070674370505000804.
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Objective: To assess gambling behaviours and the problems associated with pathological gambling among the adult population of Quebec in 2002. Method: In Phase 1 of this 2-phase study, a total sample of 8842 adults was assessed. We used the South Oaks Gambling Screen (SOGS), adapted for telephone interview, to assess one-half of the sample; the other one-half was evaluated with the Canadian Problem Gambling Index (CPGI). In the study's second phase, we compared the classifications obtained from these screening instruments with classifications obtained by a psychologist using a semistructured clinical telephone interview. Results: The results indicate that the prevalence of pathological gambling in 2002 (at which time 0.8% of the adult population were classified as probable pathological gamblers) did not differ from the proportion obtained in 1996 (1.0%), despite the significant decrease in gambling participation in 2002 (81% vs 90% in 1996). The most popular gambling activities were buying lottery tickets (68%), participating in fundraising draws (40%), gambling in casinos (18%), playing cards with family or with friends (10%), playing bingo (9%), and playing video lotteries (8%). The findings obtained from the SOGS and the CPGI revealed that the 2 instruments perform similarly when identifying pathological gambling prevalence. However, the results of the semistructured clinical telephone interviews differed from the results obtained with the screening instruments: 82% of the gamblers initially identified as probable pathological gamblers by the SOGS or the CPGI were not confirmed by a clinical interview. Conclusion: The discrepancy between the results of the screening questionnaires and the clinical evaluation is significant, and this difference needs to be addressed before further cross-sectional or longitudinal studies are conducted.
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Siegel, M. "Exposure to secondhand smoke and excess lung cancer mortality risk among workers in the "5 B's": bars, bowling alleys, billiard halls, betting establishments, and bingo parlours." Tobacco Control 12, no. 3 (September 1, 2003): 333–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/tc.12.3.333.
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Sutton, J. E. G. "The Antecedents of the Interlacustrine Kingdoms." Journal of African History 34, no. 1 (March 1993): 33–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021853700032990.
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The main interlacustrine kingdoms have been presented, on the evidence of their royal genealogies recalling up to thirty reigns, as stretching back to a ‘Chwezi’ period some five centuries ago. This view was promoted especially in the Kitara zone, comprising Bunyoro and regions to its south and, as a close linguistic grouping, extending to Nkore, Karagwe and Buhaya. Rwanda to the south-west and Buganda to the east, though each rather distinct, share some of the same cultural and traditional features. In the central Kitara zone it has been further argued that the ‘Chwezi’ period is represented by various impressive archaeological sites – hilltop shrines, notably at Mubende, with special and archaic objects; complex earthwork enclosures at Bigo and elsewhere; and the concentrated settlement nearby at Ntusi. Certain of these have been claimed as Chwezi royal capitals of ancient Kitara, and specific features have been compared with royal abodes of recent centuries. Such literal interpretation, let alone royalist manipulation, of oral traditions is now considered too simplistic; not only are the Chwezi generally regarded as gods or mythical heroes, but also the role of archaeology is now seen as something more positive than the mere verification of verbal evidence.Renewed archaeological research indicates that Ntusi was occupied from about the eleventh to the fifteenth centuries a.d. and that the earthworks, including Bigo, and the settlement on Mubende hill fall into the latter half of that span. This cultural grouping thrived on a combination of cattle-keeping and grain cultivation, as is especially clear at Ntusi on fertile ground in the midst of the Bwera grasslands. It may have been the growing strains of a delicately balanced economy as competition increased for cattle and the pastures which led to its eventual breakdown. During the last half-millennium Bwera has been a peripheral and lightly populated district between Bunyoro, Nkore and Buganda. It is difficult to imagine these later kingdoms developing directly out of a supposed ‘Chwezi’ one based at Ntusi and the Bigo constructions.Two periods of marked change are discernible therefore, one around the middle of this millennium, the other at its beginning. That earlier, mid-Iron Age, revolution witnessed the introduction of cattle on a large scale and the first intensive exploitation of the interlacustrine grasslands. Cattle becoming then an economic asset, it may be inferred that ownership of stock and defence of the pastures became sources of prestige and patronage, with obvious social, political and military implications. This situation opened opportunities for other specializations, including the production of salt for distant distribution. Traditions concerning gods and heroes, and the continuing popular chwezi cults, illustrate the changes and may also echo the cultural and economic importance of iron and its working among agricultural populations from before the pastoral revolution.
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Pavlovic, Zorana, and Branko Jakovljevic. "Frequency of alcohol use among elementary school pupils at Belgrade territory." Srpski arhiv za celokupno lekarstvo 136, no. 3-4 (2008): 141–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/sarh0804141p.
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Introduction Alcoholism is one of the most frequent modern diseases. These kinds of epidemiological studies have not been carried out in this country at a global level. Objective The aim of the study was to establish the spread of alcohol abuse among the young regarding the sex, and find the connection between the alcohol abuse and the consumption of drugs and cigarettes. Methods The study was carried out among the elementary school pupils of the seventh and eighth grade in the area of Belgrade from October 2003 to January 2004. Total of 457 pupils were involved; 229 (50.1%) were boys and 228 (49.9%) girls, aged 12-15 years, the average age being 13.4 years. The method used was the modified questionnaire European School Survey Project on Alcohol and Other Drugs, which the pupils filled in individually, voluntarily and anonymously. ?2-test, Student's t-test, Mann-Whitney Logistic Regression Test were used in statistical processing of the data. Results Almost 70% of the examinees have tried alcohol. Most of the examinees had the first contact with alcohol at the age of 11. Half of our examinees got drunk at least once in their life and about one fifth more than 20 times. The binge form of consumption (five or more drinks in a row) was evident in a quarter of our examinees. Our examinees use alcohol together with other psychoactive substances, mostly marijuana. It was observed that certain types of behavior, such as frequent going out in the evening, were directly related to the abuse of alcohol. Conclusion Two thirds of the examinees have tried alcohol. The first contact with alcohol is shifted to an earlier age (11 years). New trends of alcohol abuse have been noticed, such as binge form of consumption and the connection of use with other psychoactive substances. .
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Muggli, Evelyne, Jane Halliday, Elizabeth J. Elliott, Anthony Penington, Deanne Thompson, Alicia Jane Spittle, Della Forster, Sharon Lewis, Stephen Hearps, and Peter J. Anderson. "Cohort profile: early school years follow-up of the Asking Questions about Alcohol in Pregnancy Longitudinal Study in Melbourne, Australia (AQUA at 6)." BMJ Open 12, no. 1 (January 2022): e054706. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2021-054706.
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PurposeThe Asking Questions about Alcohol in Pregnancy (AQUA) study, established in 2011, is a prebirth cohort of 1570 mother and child pairs designed to assess the effects of low to moderate prenatal alcohol exposure and sporadic binge drinking on long-term child development. Women attending general antenatal clinics in public hospitals in Melbourne, Australia, were recruited in their first trimester, followed up three times during pregnancy and at 12 and 24 months postpartum. The current follow-up of the 6–8-year-old children aims to strengthen our understanding of the relationship between these levels of prenatal alcohol exposure and neuropsychological functioning, facial dysmorphology, brain structure and function.ParticipantsBetween June 2018 and April 2021, 802 of the 1342 eligible AQUA study families completed a parent-report questionnaire (60%). Restrictions associated with COVID-19 pandemic disrupted recruitment, but early school-age neuropsychological assessments were undertaken with 696 children (52%), and 482 (36%) craniofacial images were collected. A preplanned, exposure-representative subset of 146 children completed a brain MRI. An existing biobank was extended through collection of 427 (32%) child buccal swabs.Findings to dateOver half (59%) of mothers consumed some alcohol during pregnancy, with one in five reporting at least one binge-drinking episode prior to pregnancy recognition. Children’s craniofacial shape was examined at 12 months of age, and low to moderate prenatal alcohol exposure was associated with subtle midface changes. At 2 years of age, formal developmental assessments showed no evidence that cognitive, language or motor outcome was associated with any of exposure level.Future plansWe will investigate the relationship between prenatal alcohol exposure and specific aspects of neurodevelopment at 6–8 years, including craniofacial shape, brain structure and function. The contribution of genetics and epigenetics to individual variation in outcomes will be examined in conjunction with national and international collaborations.
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Wong, Kevin, and Jessica R. Levi. "Partial Tonsillectomy." Annals of Otology, Rhinology & Laryngology 126, no. 3 (December 8, 2016): 192–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0003489416681583.
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Objectives: Evaluate the content and readability of health information regarding partial tonsillectomy. Methods: A web search was performed using the term partial tonsillectomy in Google, Yahoo!, and Bing. The first 50 websites from each search were evaluated using HONcode standards for quality and content. Readability was assessed using the Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level (FKGL), Flesch Reading Ease, Gunning-Fog Index, Coleman-Liau Index, Automated Readability Index, and SMOG score. The Freeman-Halton extension of Fisher’s exact test was used to compare categorical differences between engines. Results: Less than half of the websites mentioned patient eligibility criteria (43.3%), referenced peer-reviewed literature (43.3%), or provided a procedure description (46.7%). Twenty-two websites (14.7%) were unrelated to partial tonsillectomy, and over half contained advertisements (52%). These finding were consistent across search engines and search terms. The mean FKGL was 11.6 ± 0.11, Gunning-Fog Index was 15.1 ± 0.13, Coleman-Liau Index was 14.6 ± 0.11, ARI was 12.9 ± 0.13, and SMOG grade was 14.0 ± 0.1. All readability levels exceeded the abilities of the average American adult. Conclusions: Current online information regarding partial tonsillectomy may not provide adequate information and may be written at a level too difficult for the average adult reader.
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Wagner, Malene. "Eastern Wind, Northern Sky." Journal of Japonisme 1, no. 1 (January 4, 2016): 41–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/24054992-00011p04.
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Among countries like Germany, France and England, Denmark took part in the ‘japanomania’ that swept the West in the second half of the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. Key figures in promoting Japanese art were art historian Karl Madsen and artist and museum director Pietro Krohn. Both played a significant role in trying to establish Denmark in the field of Japanese art on a par with serious international art collectors and connoisseurs. Their connections to Justus Brinckmann in Hamburg and Siegfried Bing in Paris enabled them to put on exhibitions that would introduce to a Danish audience a, so far, relatively unknown and ‘exotic’ art and culture. Often perceived in the West as expressing an innate understanding of nature, Japanese art became a source of inspiration for Danish artists and designers, such as Arnold Krog, who would create a synthesis between the Nordic and Japanese in his porcelain works.
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Castaneda-Avila, Maira A., Mara M. Epstein, Mayra Tisminetzky, Atinuke G. Oyinbo, and Kate L. Lapane. "Abstract A100: Associations of multiple chronic conditions and colonoscopy utilization among different race/ethnic groups: BRFSS 2012-2020." Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention 32, no. 1_Supplement (January 1, 2023): A100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7755.disp22-a100.
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Abstract Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the 4th most commonly diagnosed cancer and the 4th cause of cancer-related death in the U.S. Early detection of CRC through routine screening has been associated with decreasing CRC mortality. Because many chronic conditions share risk factors with CRC, the importance of CRC screening in adults with multiple chronic conditions (MCC) is increased as those with MCC are at higher risk of developing CRC. This study examines the association of number and types of chronic conditions (individual, dyads, and triads) with the receipt of colonoscopy and whether this association differs across race/ethnic groups. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of 976,467 adults aged 50-74 years in the US Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (2012-2020). Self-reported receipt of last/most recent colonoscopy was categorized as never, <10 years and ≥10 years. MCC was calculated using counts of 12 chronic conditions (obesity, arthritis, diabetes, smoking, depression, binge drinking, cardiovascular diseases (CVD), asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), kidney disease, cancer, skin cancer) and categorized as none, 1, 2, ≥3 conditions. The most common chronic condition dyads and triads were assessed. A logistic model was used to quantify the association between MCC and the receipt of colonoscopy adjusted for sex, age, and health care insurance status; additional analyses were stratified by race/ethnicity. All results were weighted to be representative of the broader population of U.S. adults aged 50 – 74 years using standard BRFSS weights. Results: Over half the sample were women (52.5%), 72.4% non-Hispanic white, and 62.8% had a colonoscopy in previous 10 years. Nearly one-third had ≥3 MCC (32.6%) and 23.1% had two MCC. Participants with ≥3 MCC were more likely to have had a colonoscopy in ≤10 years (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 1.28; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.24–1.32) than those without MCCs, regardless of race/ethnicity. Participants with the triad of smoking, binge drinking, and CVD were less likely to have had a colonoscopy within 10 years (aOR: 0.65; 95%CI: 0.54–0.78) than those without this MCC triad. The association between different combinations of MCC and colonoscopy utilization varied by race/ethnicity. Among those with the smoking/binge drinking/CVD triad, non-Hispanic Blacks (aOR: 0.59; 95%CI: 0.39–0.90) and US Hispanics (aOR: 0.28; 95%CI: 0.10–0.74) participants were less likely to have had a colonoscopy within 10 years than participants without this triad and identified with the same race/ethnic group. Conclusion: MCCs are common among adults aged 50-74 years. The MCC triad of smoking, binge drinking, and CVD was associated with a lack of colonoscopy adherence recommendation, and adults identified as non-Hispanic Blacks and US Hispanics with this triad were even less likely to receive a colonoscopy within 10 years. This finding may help health care providers and systems to identify patients at higher risk of CRC and non-adherent to cancer screening recommendations. Citation Format: Maira A. Castaneda-Avila, Mara M. Epstein, Mayra Tisminetzky, Atinuke G. Oyinbo, Kate L. Lapane. Associations of multiple chronic conditions and colonoscopy utilization among different race/ethnic groups: BRFSS 2012-2020 [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 15th AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2022 Sep 16-19; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2022;31(1 Suppl):Abstract nr A100.
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Williams, Monnica T., Tamara L. Brown, and Broderick Sawyer. "Psychiatric Comorbidity and Hoarding Symptoms in African Americans With Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder." Journal of Black Psychology 43, no. 3 (July 25, 2016): 259–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0095798416639438.
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This study investigated comorbidity and hoarding symptoms in a sample of African American adults with obsessive-compulsive disorder ( N = 75). For lifetime disorders, 87.9% of participants had at least one other comorbid condition. The most prevalent comorbidities were mood disorders (67.1%), anxiety disorders (51.4%), and substance abuse disorders (38.0%). There was low comorbidity with eating disorders, as only 4.1% had binge-eating disorder and none met criteria for anorexia or bulimia nervosa. In terms of gender differences, females were more likely to have posttraumatic stress disorder and males were more likely to have a comorbid alcohol use disorder. Over half of the participants had hoarding compulsions (56.0%) as indicated by the Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale. Individuals with hoarding compulsions were more likely to have comorbid anxiety-related disorders than those without, and experienced greater indecisiveness, pathological slowness, and doubting; they also had less education and earning power than those without these behaviors. African Americans with obsessive-compulsive disorder tend to have high rates of comorbid disorders, with patterns that resemble findings in non-Hispanic White populations.
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Faerstein, Leslie Morrison. "Book Reviews: Bulimia: A Guide to Recovery. Understanding and Overcoming the Binge-Purge Syndrome. By Lindsey Hall and Leigh Cohn. Santa Barbara, CA: Gurze Books, 1986, 160 pp., $11.95." Affilia 3, no. 3 (September 1988): 116–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/088610998800300315.
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Citrome, Leslie, Robert Goldman, Joyce Tsai, Ling Deng, Todd Grinnell, and Andrei Pikalov. "168 Effect of Dasotraline on Body Weight in Patients with Binge-Eating Disorder." CNS Spectrums 25, no. 2 (April 2020): 307. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s109285292000084x.
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Abstract:Background:Binge-eating disorder (BED) is associated with obesity (BMI ≥30) in approximately 40-45% of patients. Dasotraline is a long-acting dopamine/norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor with a PK profile characterized by slow absorption and an elimination half-life of 47-77 hours, permitting once-daily dosing. In a recent placebo-controlled, flexible-dose study, dasotraline demonstrated significant efficacy in patients with BED. We now report an analysis from this study of the effect of dasotraline on body weight.Method:Patients with moderate-to-severe BED, based on DSM-5 criteria, were randomized to 12 weeks of double-blind flexible-dose treatment with dasotraline (4-8 mg/d) vs. placebo. The primary efficacy outcome was number of binge-eating days/week. Mean change in body weight at Week 12 (assessed as a safety outcome) was analyzed by baseline body mass index (BMI, kg/m2) category. Inferential statistics were not performed.Results:The safety population consisted of 317 patients (female, 84%; mean age, 38.2 years; mean weight, 97.3 kg). At baseline, the proportions of patients in each BMI category were as follows: normal (<25 kg/m2: 5.7%), overweight (25 to <30 kg/m2: 18.3%), obesity class I (30 to <35 kg/m2: 24.9%), class II (35 to <40 kg/m2: 29.3%), and class III (≥40 kg/m2: 21.8%). For the overall patient sample, treatment with dasotraline significantly reduced the number of binge-eating days per week vs. placebo (-3.74 vs. -2.75; P<0.0001; effect size = 0.74). Mean changes at Week 12 in weight (kg) for completers treated with dasotraline vs. placebo, by baseline BMI category, were as follows: normal weight (-4.6 vs. -0.2), overweight (-5.8 vs. +1.3), and combined obesity classes I-III (-6.2 vs. +0.3). Among obese patients (Class I-III, combined) treated with dasotraline, weight reduction (≥5%) was observed in 45.3% of patients (vs. 4.1% on placebo); and weight reduction ≥10% in approximately 13.7% of patients (vs. none on placebo). Weight-related adverse events, for dasotraline vs. placebo, consisted of decreased appetite (19.7% vs. 6.9%), decreased weight (12.1% vs. 0%), and increased weight (0.6% vs. 1.3%).Conclusion:Among patients completing 12 weeks of treatment with dasotraline, weight reduction ≥5% was observed in 45% of obese patients with a BMI ≥30. The most frequent weight-related adverse event was decreased appetite, reported in approximately one in five patients treated with dasotraline.Clinicaltrials.gov number: NCT02564588Funding Acknowledgements:Supported by funding from Sunovion Pharmaceuticals Inc.