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Journal articles on the topic 'Bimetallic alloys'

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Author: Grafiati

Published: 10 December 2022

Last updated: 28 January 2023

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1

Yu, Lei, Sida Jiang, Fuyang Cao, Hongxian Shen, Lunyong Zhang, Xu Gu, Heqian Song, and Jianfei Sun. "Thermal Expansion Behavior of Co-Spray Formed Al-20Si/7075 Bimetallic Gradient Alloy." Materials 14, no. 15 (July 23, 2021): 4100. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14154100.

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Bimetallic gradient alloys have attracted research attention recently due to their potential applications in the aerospace and automobile industries. In this study, Al-20Si/7075 bimetallic gradient alloys were successfully manufactured by co-spray forming and the roll process. We investigated the thermal expansion behavior of the gradient alloy. It was found that the coefficients of thermal expansion increased with silicon content and increased temperature, reaching the highest point at 573 K, after which they decreased on account of the relaxation of residual thermal stress and the silicon desolvation from the supersaturated aluminum phase. The measured thermal expansion coefficient can be roughly predicted through the traditional theoretical models. Our results revealed the thermal expansion behavior of Al-20Si/7075 bimetallic gradient alloys and would improve the development of new type aluminum–silicon alloy for electronic packaging.

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2

Farghaly, Ahmed A., Rezaul K. Khan, and Maryanne M. Collinson. "Biofouling-Resistant Platinum Bimetallic Alloys." ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces 10, no. 25 (June 15, 2018): 21103–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsami.8b02900.

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3

Huang, Guang Sheng, Wei Xu, Guang Jie Huang, and Fu Sheng Pan. "A Study of Hot Extrusion of 6063 Aluminum Alloy-Clad AZ31B Magnesium Alloy Bar." Materials Science Forum 610-613 (January 2009): 791–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.610-613.791.

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The magnesium alloys have poor corrosion resistance because of their low equilibrium potential and loose oxide film, while the aluminum and its alloys have good corrosion resistance due to their compact oxide film. In this study, a kind of aluminum and magnesium bimetallic bars, 6063 aluminum alloy-clad AZ31B magnesium alloy bars, were acquired through hot extrusion. The experimental results showed that the extrusion temperature of 653K or lower, as well as an extrusion speed of 2m/min or lower be used during the extrusion. The interfacial structure and mechanical properties of the bimetallic bars were studied. The interface between aluminum alloy and magnesium alloy was metallurgic bonding with the shear bonding strength of 53Mpa for as extruded sample. As annealing temperature or holding time increased, the jointed layer between aluminum alloy and magnesium alloy was broadened, which decreased of shear bonding strength, indicating that the heat treatment is deleterious. The bimetallic bars have lower identity, good corrosion resistance and preferable mechanical properties, which are promising constructional materials.

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4

Moest, B., P. T. Wouda, A. W. Denier van der Gon, M. C. Langelaar, H. H. Brongersma, B. E. Nieuwenhuys, and D. O. Boerma. "Step-edge segregation of bimetallic alloys." Surface Science 473, no. 3 (February 2001): 159–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0039-6028(00)00964-x.

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5

Halaczek, Dariusz, and Eugniusz Hadasik. "The Influence of the Components of the Bimetallic Tubes for the Way of Deforming in the Hollow Drawing Process." Solid State Phenomena 246 (February 2016): 225–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.246.225.

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Processes for producing bimetallic tubes can be divided for: producing the bimetallic tubes in the cold process, with preheating or with the heat treatment after each pull. First method relates to the metal with high ductility (copper, copper alloys, aluminum, aluminum alloys, zinc, etc.), second to the metals or bi-metal components, in one of which has significantly different plastic properties from the second for example: low-carbon steel, high alloy steel, etc. One of the methods for the production of bimetallic tubes is hollow cold drawing process. In this process the wall thickness is changed, which means the wall becomes thicker, the wall becomes thinner or remains unchanged. The aim of the research was to determine the effect of the influence of the share of components of bimetallic cooper tube species M1E, and the copper tube - species M63 in the arrangement M1E - M63 and M63 - M1E in the tubes hollow drawing process for the distribution and size of deformation of the individual layers. The research program included:- production of the bimetallic tubes by hollow drawing with a different percentage of the cross-section components and with a variable arrangement of layers,- determination of the size and distribution of true strain of the individual layers on the cross-section of bimetallic tube,- determination of replacement/equivalent strain for the deformable wall of the bimetallic tube,- evaluation of the usability of the graph of changes in thickness of the tube wall in the hollow drawing process for the drawing process of the bimetallic tubes.

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6

Polozov, Igor, Anna Gracheva, and Anatoly Popovich. "Interface Characterization of Bimetallic Ti-6Al-4V/Ti2AlNb Structures Prepared by Selective Laser Melting." Materials 15, no. 23 (November 30, 2022): 8528. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15238528.

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Additive Manufacturing (AM) of multimaterial components is a promising way of fabricating parts with improved functional properties. It allows for the combination of materials with different properties into a single component. The Ti2AlNb-based intermetallic alloy provides high temperature strength, while the Ti-6Al-4V (Ti64) alloy has good fracture toughness, ductility, and a relatively low cost. A combination of these alloys into a single component can be used to produce advanced multimaterial parts. In this work, Ti2AlNb/Ti-6Al-4V bimetallic structures were fabricated from pre-alloyed powders using the Selective Laser Melting (SLM) process. The effects of high-temperature substrate preheating, post-processing by annealing, and hot isostatic pressing on defect formation, the microstructural evolution of the interface area, and the mechanical properties of the bimetallic samples were investigated. High-temperature substrate preheating during the SLM process was necessary to prevent reheat cracking of the Ti2AlNb part, while annealing and hot isostatic pressing post-processing improved the chemical and microstructural homogeneity of the transition zone and enhanced the tensile properties of the bimetallic structure.

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7

Kopešťanský, Josef. "Adsorption of oxygen and carbon monoxide on DymCun bimetallic surfaces at room temperature." Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications 52, no. 10 (1987): 2392–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1135/cccc19872392.

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The adsorption of oxygen and carbon monoxide on surfaces of dysprosium, copper, and their bimetallic “alloys” DymCun was studied by work function measurements. In the starting stage of adsorption of oxygen, copper surfaces are more reactive than dysprosium surfaces, and bulk oxide appears in the sub-surface copper layers at room temperature; this was also observed for the bimetallic surfaces, where the starting adsorption of oxygen took place nearly exclusively on copper. With dysprosium, the bulk oxide did not form at room temperature; instead, oxygen was adsorbed on the surface to form a layer consisting of species of two kinds with substantially different dipole moments. Carbon monoxide practically did not adsorb on copper at 25 °C, whereas on dysprosium it exhibited dissociative adsorption. On the bimetallic surfaces (DyCu and DyCu6) the amount of adsorbed CO decreased proportionally to the increasing Cu content of the alloy. Segregation of copper in the surface layer, observed for the bimetallic DymCun “alloys”, resulted in an additional decrease in the amount of adsorbed CO.

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8

Fathy, Naglaa. "Interfacial Microstructure and Shear Strength Improvements of Babbitt–Steel Bimetal Composites Using Sn–Bi Interlayer via Liquid–Solid Casting." Sustainability 15, no. 1 (January 2, 2023): 804. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su15010804.

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To enhance the performance of Babbitt–steel bimetallic composites, bismuth (Bi) was incorporated into the Tin (Sn)-interlayer. Babbitt–steel bimetallic composites were created using the liquid–solid compound casting method in this study. Sn–Bi interlayer alloys with varying levels of Bi (1, 2, 3, and 4 wt.%) were created. The Babbitt-steel bimetallic composite’s bonding strength and interfacial microstructure were examined in relation to Sn-Bi interlayer alloys. The structure of the interface layer at the Babbitt–steel interface’s edge and center are significantly altered when Bi is added to the Sn interlayer. The relatively higher cooling rate near the edge led to the formation of clear unsolved Sn/Sn–Bi interlayers. Otherwise, the Sn–Bi interlayers in the middle were completely dissolved. By increasing the amount of Bi in the Sn–Bi interlayer alloy, the interfacial hardness of Babbitt-steel bimetallic composites increases by increasing Bi content in Sn–Bi interlayer alloy. Babbitt-steel bimetal composites’ shear strength increased to 28.27 MPa by adding Bi to the Sn interlayer using 1 wt.% alloying, with a 10.3% increase when compared with the reference pure Sn interlayer. Future research that aims to improve the production of Babbitt-steel bimetallic composites with high-quality and long-lasting bi-metal bonding ought to take into consideration the ideal pouring temperature, the preheating of the mold, and the addition of a minor amount of Bi (Bi ≤ 1) to the Sn-interlayer.

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9

Mukherjee, S., and J. L. Morán-López. "Surface segregation in transition-metal alloys and in bimetallic alloy clusters." Surface Science 189-190 (October 1987): 1135–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0039-6028(87)80561-7.

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10

Mukherjee, S., and J. L. Morán-López. "Surface segregation in transition-metal alloys and in bimetallic alloy clusters." Surface Science Letters 189-190 (October 1987): A460. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0167-2584(87)90571-8.

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11

Fu, Shaofang, Chengzhou Zhu, Qiurong Shi, Haibing Xia, Dan Du, and Yuehe Lin. "Highly branched PtCu bimetallic alloy nanodendrites with superior electrocatalytic activities for oxygen reduction reactions." Nanoscale 8, no. 9 (2016): 5076–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5nr07682j.

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The highly branched PtCu bimetallic alloy nanodendrites were synthesized by a facile chemical reduction method using Brij 58 as the soft template. The as-prepared alloys presented superior electrocatalytic activities for oxygen reduction reactions.

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12

Boscoboinik, Jorge A., Florencia C. Calaza, Michael T. Garvey, and Wilfred T. Tysoe. "Identification of Adsorption Ensembles on Bimetallic Alloys." Journal of Physical Chemistry C 114, no. 4 (January 11, 2010): 1875–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jp9078794.

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13

Tsen, S. C. Y., P. A. Crozier, and J. Liua. "Alloy Compositions in Model Bimetallic Catalysts." Microscopy and Microanalysis 7, S2 (August 2001): 1078–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927600031469.

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For supported bimetallic catalysts it is important to know if the metal components are present in the form of ordered alloys or metal mixtures. For metals with similar crystal structure, Vegard's law predicts a simple relationship between alloy composition and lattice dimensions [1]. It is therefore possible to use high-resolution electron microscopy (HREM) to provide both structural and compositional information. in nanometer sized particles, accurate determination of the lattice spacing from fringes in an HREM image is difficult because of errors due to signal-to-noise, particle tilt and edge effects [2,3]. However, statistical distributions of fringe spacing can be used to determine the lattice spacing of particle ensembles to within 1.5% when measurements are carried out on at least 100 particles [2]. We extend this technique with model AuPd bimetallic catalysts and show that Vegard's law applies to nanometer-sized particles.Model bimetallic catalysts were prepared by sputtering metal from AuPd alloy targets and/or a Pd target onto thin amorphous carbon substrates.

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14

Chudakov, I. B., N. L. Fedotova, and I. V. Saikov. "Special Features of Formation of the High Damping State in Bimetallic Structural Materials Obtained by Explosion Welding." Key Engineering Materials 887 (May 2021): 28–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.887.28.

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Special features of the high-damping state formation in bimetallic materials produced by explosion welding have been studied. High-damping Mn-Cu alloy was used for the damping base of the bimetallic composite and high–strength steel (grade: 30HGSA) was used to form the coating layer. The effect of planar tensile stresses (observed in the damping component of the bimetal and caused by valuable difference between coefficients of thermal expansion of components of the bimetal) is discussed. Damping properties of bimetallic materials were found to be comparable with damping characteristics of monolithic high damping alloys. High-strength steel provides high-strength characteristics of the surface layer of the bimetal, where the strength level reaches 1100MPa and the hardness is equal to 50 HRC. Obtained combination of high damping and high strength in developed bimetallic materials provides real chance for practical application of these materials in industry.

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15

Karun, Akhil S., Hari Sanil, T. P. D. Rajan, Uma Thanu Subramonia Pillai, and B. C. Pai. "Characteristics of Functionally Graded Bimetallic Aluminium Alloys by Sequential Casting Technique." Materials Science Forum 830-831 (September 2015): 383–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.830-831.383.

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Light weight aluminium alloys and low-density materials have drawn the attention of researchers as potential structural materials for transportation sector due to the requirement of effective reduction in fuel consumption, stringent emission norms and higher payload capacity. Functionally Graded Materials (FGM) provides variation in properties and better functional performance within a component. Sequential casting is fairly a new technique to produce functionally graded materials and components by controlled mould filling process. Bimetallics of aluminium alloys are prepared by sequential casting using A390-A319 alloy (cast-cast alloy) and A390-A6061 alloy (cast-wrought alloy) combination and solidified under gravity. The effect of temperature of the two melts and gap between pouring of the melts on microstructure and properties of the bimetals are investigated. The microstructures show good interface bonding between the two different alloy metals. The hardness testing shows higher hardness at hypereutectic alloy region. The process described in this study shows potential and effective approach to create good bonding between two different aluminium alloys to develop advanced functional and structural materials which can be used in various automobile components to reduce the overall weight of the vehicle, by which better fuel efficiency and performance can be achieved.

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16

Fischer, Julia M., David Mahlberg, Tanglaw Roman, and Axel Groß. "Water adsorption on bimetallic PtRu/Pt(111) surface alloys." Proceedings of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 472, no. 2194 (October 2016): 20160618. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspa.2016.0618.

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The adsorption of water on bimetallic PtRu/Pt(111) surface alloys has been studied based on periodic density functional theory calculations including dispersion corrections. The Ru atoms of the PtRu surface alloy interact more strongly with water than Pt atoms, as far as both single water molecules and ice-like hexagonal structures are concerned. Within the surface alloy layer, the lateral ligand effect reducing the local reactivity of the surface atoms with increasing Ru content is more dominant than the opposing geometric effect due to the tensile strain. The structural preference for the Ru atoms also prevails at room temperature, as ab initio molecular dynamics simulations show.

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17

Farsi, Lida, and N. Aaron Deskins. "First principles analysis of surface dependent segregation in bimetallic alloys." Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 21, no. 42 (2019): 23626–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9cp03984h.

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Metal alloy stability was studied for several surfaces using density functional theory and statistical modeling. The work allows better prediction of segregation at surfaces, which is relevant, for instance, when synthesizing alloy nanoparticles.

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18

Ramadan, Mohamed, Abdul Khaliq, K. M. Hafez, Abdulaziz S. Alghamdi, Naglaa Fathy, Farid A. Harraz, Badreddine Ayadi, and K. S. Abdel Halim. "Super Bonding Strength of Al2O3 Nanoparticles Reinforced Sn Interlayer Steel/Aluminum Bimetal Casting." Crystals 12, no. 3 (February 26, 2022): 324. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst12030324.

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For specialized applications, it is incumbent to develop new materials that enable manufacturers to develop new processes and designs. For better fuel economy, structural integrity, and lightweight applications, the development of bimetallic steel/aluminum (Al) alloys having a strong interfacial bond is required. Therefore, a mild steel/Al-bearing alloy bimetallic composite was investigated in this study. Firstly, a tin (Sn) interlayer was developed between the steel substrate and the Al-bearing alloy by the tinning process. For further improvement in the interfacial integrity, alumina (Al2O3) nanoparticles were added to the Sn powder during the tinning process. Four different wt.% of Al2O3 nanoparticles of 0.25, 0.5, 1, and 1.5 were added and mixed thoroughly with Sn powder before mixing them with flux prior to the tinning process. Finally, molten Al-bearing alloy (Al–Sn-Si–Cu) was poured over the Al2O3 nanoparticles reinforced tinned steel substrate. A cross-section of the steel/Al-bearing alloy bimetallic composite was prepared for optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), and shear testing. The cross-section microstructure of the steel/Al-bearing alloy bimetallic composite revealed irregular and discontinuous interfacial layers in the case of the low-temperature (170 °C) tinning process. However, a uniform, continuous interfacial layer was fabricated during the tinning process when additional preheat to the steel substrate and tinning process was adopted. It can be reported that low Al2O3 nanoparticles loading (0.25%) and steel substrate preheating were recommended for the better interfacial layer in the steel/Al-bearing alloy bimetallic composite.

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19

Koch, Robert, Guangfang Li, Shubham Pandey, Simon Phillpot, Hui Wang, and Scott T. Misture. "Thermally induced transformations of Au@Cu2O core–shell nanoparticles into Au–Cu nanoparticles from temperature-programmed in situ powder X-ray diffraction." Journal of Applied Crystallography 52, no. 3 (May 7, 2019): 579–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s1600576719004497.

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Temperature-programmed in situ X-ray diffraction with whole-powder-pattern modeling is used to investigate the reaction of Au@Cu2O core–shell nanoparticles to form nanocrystalline bimetallic Cu x Au1−x alloys (x = 0, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1.0) in a reducing atmosphere. The mechanisms of the reactions are key to informed design of tailored non-equilibrium nanostructures for catalytic and plasmonic materials. The Au@Cu2O reaction is initiated by reduction of the Cu2O cuprite shell to form nanocrystalline metallic Cu at about 413 K. Alloying begins immediately upon formation of metallic Cu at 413 K, with the nucleation of an Au-rich alloy phase which reaches the nominal Cu content of the overall system stoichiometry by 493 K. All bimetallic alloys form a transient ordered Cu3Au intermetallic compound at intermediate temperatures, with the onset of ordering and subsequent disordering varying by composition. No evidence for an ordered Au3Cu intermetallic is found for any composition. Significant crystal growth in the bimetallic phase is apparent at higher temperatures, with the onset temperature increasing with Cu concentration and initial Cu-shell thickness. The reduction of the cuprite phase is slowed by the presence of the core–shell interface, and crystal growth in the Cu shell is completely suppressed within the alloy systems.

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20

Wang, Qingmei, Siguo Chen, Jian Jiang, Jinxuan Liu, Jianghai Deng, Xinyu Ping, and Zidong Wei. "Manipulating the surface composition of Pt–Ru bimetallic nanoparticles to control the methanol oxidation reaction pathway." Chemical Communications 56, no. 16 (2020): 2419–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9cc09423g.

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Here, we achieve surface composition by precisely manipulating bimetallic Pt–Ru alloys from Pt-skin-rich to Ru-skin-rich materials and report that the MOR pathway can be controlled by tuning the location and content of Ru on the Pt–Ru alloy surface.

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21

Fathi, Parisa, Mehran Rafieazad, Elham Mohseni-Sohi, Mehdi Sanjari, Hadi Pirgazi, Babak Shalchi Amirkhiz, Mohammadhossein Ghonchech, Ali Nasiri, and Mohsen Mohammadi. "Corrosion performance of additively manufactured bimetallic aluminum alloys." Electrochimica Acta 389 (September 2021): 138689. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2021.138689.

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22

Li, Ming, and Tian-Shu Zhu. "Modeling the melting temperature of nanoscaled bimetallic alloys." Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 18, no. 25 (2016): 16958–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6cp01742h.

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23

Hu, Ming, Konstantinos P. Giapis, Javier V. Goicochea, and Dimos Poulikakos. "Surface segregation of bimetallic alloys in nanoscale confinement." Applied Physics Letters 97, no. 15 (October 11, 2010): 153107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3500825.

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24

Lee, Jet-Sing M., Yu-ichi Fujiwara, Susumu Kitagawa, and Satoshi Horike. "Homogenized Bimetallic Catalysts from Metal–Organic Framework Alloys." Chemistry of Materials 31, no. 11 (May 22, 2019): 4205–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemmater.9b01093.

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25

Lekhov, O. S., and M. M. Shevelev. "Evaluation of the quality of three-layer steel bimetallic strips obtained on a unit of continuous casting and deformation." Izvestiya. Ferrous Metallurgy 64, no. 10 (November 24, 2021): 755–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.17073/0368-0797-2021-10-755-760.

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Today there is an urgency of creating high-performance continuous processes for the production of bimetals. The article describes the main tasks of improving the quality of the materials under consideration. Two stages of the technology for producing steel three-layer bimetallic strips on the unit of a combined continuous casting and deformation process are considered. The authors give recommendations on the conduct of the technological process in order to obtain high-quality bimetallic strips on such unit. The problem statement is presented. The material considers initial data for determining the temperature of the steel base strip and the stress-strain state of the metals of the cladding layers and the strip in deformation center of a three-layer bimetallic ingot. A model for calculating and a method for solving problems of thermal conductivity and elastoplasticity are shown. Regularities of the temperature change of the main steel strip are given during its passage through the molten metal of the cladding layer. Stress-strain state of the metals of the main strip and cladding layers in the deformation center was determined when three-layer bimetallic steel strips were obtained on the unit of combined continuous casting and deformation process. The authors describe the values of compression of the main steel strip and mutual displacement of the layers during compression of the bimetallic ingot by the strikers. Regularities of the distribution of axial and tangential stresses are shown along the contact line of the cladding layer with the striker. The evaluation of the process of obtaining bimetal steel 09G2S - steel 13KhFA - steel 09G2S was made on a pilot unit for continuous casting and deformation. Microstructure of the main strip and cladding layers of a three-layer bimetallic steel strip is shown when a combined continuous casting and deformation process is obtained in one unit.

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26

Jia, Yanlong, Huiping Qi, Mengmeng Pei, Zhenjiang Li, Fangcheng Qin, and Lu Jia. "Hot Deformation Behavior Coordination and Processing Maps of 40Cr/Q345B Bimetallic Blank by Centrifugal Casting." Metals 12, no. 8 (July 29, 2022): 1281. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met12081281.

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The compact cast-rolling compound forming of bimetallic ring is an efficient process for manufacturing large bimetallic rings. The difference in hot deformation behavior of the two metals directly affects the coordinated deformation of bimetals during hot rolling. In this paper, hot compression tests of 40Cr/Q345B bimetallic blank produced by centrifugal casting were carried out at temperatures of 950–1200 °C and strain rates of 0.005–5 s−1. Based on the comparisons of flow stress behavior, activation energy, and activation volume, hot deformation behavior coordination of 40Cr/Q345B bimetallic blank was investigated. Processing maps were established to study the optimum processing windows for 40Cr/Q345B bimetallic blank. Under the same deformation conditions, 40Cr shows lower overall flow stress than Q345B, which facilitate the coordinated deformation of the bimetallic blank during rolling, and the flow stress difference between 40Cr and Q345B decreases with the increase of temperature. It was connected with the increase in the second phase particles pinning effect for higher MnS content in Q345B. The common rate-controlling mechanism for 40Cr and Q345B is the thermal breaking of attractive junctions and movement of jogged screw dislocations. The bimetallic blanks exhibit good deformation coordination in the optimum processing window (1030–1100 °C and 0.5–1 s−1 with a strain of 0.6).

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27

Yu, Xu, Zhiqiang Pan, Zhixin Zhao, Yuke Zhou, Chengang Pei, Yifei Ma, Ho Seok Park, and Mei Wang. "Boosting the Oxygen Evolution Reaction by Controllably Constructing FeNi3/C Nanorods." Nanomaterials 12, no. 15 (July 22, 2022): 2525. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano12152525.

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Transition bimetallic alloy-based catalysts are regarded as attractive alternatives for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER), attributed to their competitive economics, high conductivity and intrinsic properties. Herein, we prepared FeNi3/C nanorods with largely improved catalytic OER activity by combining hydrothermal reaction and thermal annealing treatment. The temperature effect on the crystal structure and chemical composition of the FeNi3/C nanorods was revealed, and the enhanced catalytic performance of FeNi3/C with an annealing temperature of 400 °C was confirmed by several electrochemical tests. The outstanding catalytic performance was assigned to the formation of bimetallic alloys/carbon composites. The FeNi3/C nanorods showed an overpotential of 250 mV to afford a current density of 10 mA cm−2 and a Tafel slope of 84.9 mV dec−1, which were both smaller than the other control samples and commercial IrO2 catalysts. The fast kinetics and high catalytic stability were also verified by electrochemical impendence spectroscopy and chronoamperometry for 15 h. This study is favorable for the design and construction of bimetallic alloy-based materials as efficient catalysts for the OER.

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28

Boddorff, Andrew K., Sungwoo Jang, Gregory Kennedy, Karen Taminger, and Naresh N. Thadhani. "Spall failure of additively manufactured two-layered Cu–Ni bimetallic alloys." Journal of Applied Physics 131, no. 17 (May 7, 2022): 175901. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0086445.

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The dynamic tensile spall failure of additively manufactured (AM) two-layered bimetallic GRCop-84—Inconel® 625 alloys, with planar and slanted interfaces, is investigated using uniaxial-strain plate-impact gas-gun experiments. Multiple photon Doppler velocimetry (PDV) is used to monitor the back (free) surface velocity profiles and to determine the influence of the interface geometry on the spall failure. Micrographs of cross sections of recovered impacted samples reveal failure along the interface as well as in-material regions. Spall strengths determined from pull-back signals captured with the use of the multiple PDV probes illustrate different location-specific values for the same sample, corresponding to failure occurring in Inconel® 625, or GRCop-84, or along their interface, depending on the geometry of the interface. The results obtained from the experiments employing multiple PDV probes correlated with microstructural observations of cross sections of recovered impacted samples, provide a useful method for determining the complex spall failure response of two-layered bimetallic alloys, including the differentiation of the response of the respective alloy materials relative to that of the interface, in the same experiment.

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29

Ou, Lihui. "Design of Pd-Based Bimetallic Catalysts for ORR: A DFT Calculation Study." Journal of Chemistry 2015 (2015): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/932616.

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Developing Pd-lean catalysts for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is the key for large-scale application of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). In the present paper, we have proposed a multiple-descriptor strategy for designing efficient and durable ORR Pd-based alloy catalysts. We demonstrated that an ideal Pd-based bimetallic alloy catalyst for ORR should possess simultaneously negative alloy formation energy, negative surface segregation energy of Pd, and a lower oxygen binding ability than pure Pt. By performing detailed DFT calculations on the thermodynamics, surface chemistry and electronic properties of Pd-M alloys, Pd-V, Pd-Fe, Pd-Zn, Pd-Nb, and Pd-Ta, are identified theoretically to have stable Pd segregated surface and improved ORR activity. Factors affecting these properties are analyzed. The alloy formation energy of Pd with transition metals M can be mainly determined by their electron interaction. This may be the origin of the negative alloy formation energy for Pd-M alloys. The surface segregation energy of Pd is primarily determined by the surface energy and the atomic radius of M. The metals M which have smaller atomic radius and higher surface energy would tend to favor the surface segregation of Pd in corresponding Pd-M alloys.

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30

Mueller, Jonathan E., Petr Krtil, Ludwig A. Kibler, and Timo Jacob. "Bimetallic alloys in action: dynamic atomistic motifs for electrochemistry and catalysis." Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 16, no. 29 (2014): 15029–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4cp01591f.

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Multifarious structural motifs, dynamic surface morphologies and novel reaction mechanisms are essential aspects of bimetallic alloys, making them promising candidates for diverse applications in electrochemistry and heterogeneous catalysis.

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31

Wei, Shenying, Huaizhi Gao, Haibo Li, Rui Li, and Jifeng Liu. "Component, Microstructure and Simulation Calculation Study of Bimetallic Pt-Cu Alloys Towards Catalyzing Methanol Oxidation Reaction." International Journal of Nanoscience 13, no. 05n06 (October 2014): 1460012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219581x14600126.

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Three Pt - Cu alloys ( Pt 0.3 Cu 0.7, Pt 0.5 Cu 0.5, and Pt 0.7 Cu 0.3) with different Cu contents were synthesized by adjusting the Pt / Cu precursor ratio, and their electrocatalytic activities for methanol oxidation reaction (MOR) were systematically studied. Component and microstructure study revealed that the relationship between the lattice parameters and Cu content followed the Vegard's law. Electrochemistry measurement showed that the MOR catalytic activity for Pt - Cu alloys displayed a dependency on the Cu content, and it decreased following: Pt 0.3 Cu 0.7 > Pt 0.5 Cu 0.5 > Pt 0.7 Cu 0.3. Among the three Pt - Cu alloys, the Pt 0.3 Cu 0.7 alloy exhibited the highest oxidation current density and best CO tolerance activity. Density functional theory simulation calculation, taking into account the shrinking of Pt - Cu alloy's lattice after Cu incorporation, confirmed that the adsorption energy of CO also displayed a dependency on the Cu content in Pt - Cu alloys, and it increased following: Pt 0.3 Cu 0.7 < Pt 0.5 Cu 0.5 < Pt 0.7 Cu 0.3 < Pt , which could rationally explain the best CO tolerance ability for the Pt 0.3 Cu 0.7.

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32

Lekhov, O. S., A. V. Mikhalev, and M. M. Shevelev. "PRODUCTION OF THREE-LAYER STEEL BIMETALLIC STRIPS IN THE UNIT OF CONTINUOUS CASTING AND DEFORMATION. REPORT 2." Izvestiya. Ferrous Metallurgy 62, no. 10 (November 3, 2019): 763–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.17073/0368-0797-2019-10-763-768.

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The paper states urgency of the problem of determining stressstrain state of metals of the cladding layer and the main strip in production of three-layer bimetal: alloyed steel-constructional steelalloyed steel. Temperature field of the main strip and cladding layer is given to calculate stress-strain state of metals of three-layer bimetallic strip. Initial data for calculating this stress-strain state are given. To assess the effect of coefficient of friction between cladding layer s and the main strip on stress-strain state of metals in deformation zone, three values of it are taken. Geometric model is described for calculating stress-strain state and metal flow in deformation center of cladding layer. Characteristic lines and points of calculation are provided. Technique for solving the problem of determining stresses and flows in deformation focus is described by finite element method using ANSYS app. Regularities of flow of cladding layer’s metal along the length of deformation center and movement of the main strip of bimetallic ingot are given. Values of mutual displacement of layers of bimetallic strip are determined as a function of deformation degree of the cladding layer. And the recommendations are given on this degree to improve quali ty of a three-layer bimetal. Regularities of distribution of axial and tangential stresses in deformation center are presented for production of steel three-layer bimetallic strips in the unit of combined continuous casting and deformation. Stress state of the cladding layer’s metal in focus of cyclic deformation was estimated from the position of improving quality of three-layer bimetallic strips produced in such unit.

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Zhang, Pei, Xiudong Zhang, Xinchen Kang, Huizhen Liu, Chunjun Chen, Chao Xie, and Buxing Han. "Salt-mediated synthesis of bimetallic networks with structural defects and their enhanced catalytic performances." Chemical Communications 54, no. 85 (2018): 12065–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8cc07029f.

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34

Santoso, Nugroho, Bambang Suharnadi, Benidiktus Tulung Prayoga, and Lilik Dwi Setyana. "CHARACTERISTIC OF INTERFACE BIMETAL ALUMINUM-COPPER FOR BIMETAL BUSHING PRODUCED BY CENTRIFUGAL CASTING." Acta Metallurgica Slovaca 27, no. 1 (February 25, 2021): 28–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.36547/ams.27.1.756.

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Bimetallic is a type of metal composite that combines two metals that form a metallurgical bond. The manufacture of bimetallic bushings by centrifugal casting has not been developed much. Recently, there is no recommendation yet for optimum temperature and speed of rotation to produce bimetallic bushings. The research was conducted to determine the rotation of the mold in centrifugal casting so as to produce a well-integrated interface. The materials used are aluminum and copper. Aluminum was melted at 750 °C, while copper was melted at 1200 °C. Molten metal was pouring alternately. First, aluminum was poured into the mold, and then after the aluminum temperature reached 400º C, copper was poured into the mold to form a bushing aluminum-copper bimetallic. The molten metal was poured into a rotating sand mold with a constant filling speed of about 0.15 kg s-1. The variations of the rotational speed of the mold were 250, 300, and 350 rpm. The result shows that the interface’s width increases as the mold rotation increases during the pouring process. Interface hardness and wear are increased compared to the base metal. Hence, centrifugal casting with 350 rpm is recommended for aluminum-copper bimetal bushing applications.

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35

Mróz, S., P. Szota, T. Bajor, and A. Stefanik. "Theoretical and Experimental Analysis of Formability of Explosive Welded Mg/Al Bimetallic Bars." Archives of Metallurgy and Materials 62, no. 2 (June 1, 2017): 501–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/amm-2017-0074.

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AbstractThe paper has presented the results of theoretical studies and experimental tests of the plastic deformation of Mg/Al bimetallic specimens. Theoretical studies were carried out using the Forge2011® computer program. Physical modeling, on the other hand, was performed using the Gleeble3800 simulator. Bimetallic bars of an outer diameter of 22.5 mm and a cladding layer thickness of 1.7 mm were obtained by the explosive welding method. Samples for formability tests, characterized by a diameter-to-length ratio of 1, were taken from the bars. The theoretical studies and experimental tests were carried out for the temperature range from 300 to 400°C and for different strain rates. Based on the obtained investigation results it has been found that the main parameters influencing the formability of Mg/Al bimetallic bars are strain rate than the process temperature.

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Yu, Lei, Sida Jiang, Fuyang Cao, Hongxian Shen, Lunyong Zhang, Xu Gu, Heqian Song, and Jianfei Sun. "Hot Deformation Behavior of a Co-Spray-Formed Al-Si/7075 Bimetallic Gradient Alloy." Metals 11, no. 8 (August 11, 2021): 1266. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met11081266.

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In this paper, we report the results obtained from the hot compression behaviour of co-spray-formed Al-Si/7075 bimetallic gradient alloys by investigating the five selected layers divided evenly from top to bottom. It was found that with a decrease in the strain rate and an increase in temperature, the hot compression flow stress of deposited alloys decreases gradually, as expected. The relationship between flow stress, temperature and strain rate follows the Arrhenius relationship. The deformation activation energy of the co-spray formed gradient alloy gradually increases from bottom to top in the height direction, which are 100.15, 167.35, 185.54, 208.78 and 220.83 KJ/mol, indicating that the degree of difficulty in the deformation of the alloy is affected by changes in the silicon content of the alloy. Finally, the flow stress constitutive equation is calculated for each layer of alloy material, which is instructive for the subsequent study of the densification process of co-spray-formed gradient alloys.

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37

Gong, Hao, Xingyu Yu, Yunyun Xu, Bin Gao, Hairong Xue, Xiaoli Fan, Hu Guo, Tao Wang, and Jianping He. "Long-life reversible Li-CO₂ batteries with optimized Li₂CO₃ flakes as discharge products on palladium-copper nanoparticles." Inorganic Chemistry Frontiers 9, no. 7 (2022): 1533–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1qi01583d.

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38

Sun, Haiming, Xijia Yang, Lijun Zhao, Yue Li, Jiamu Zhang, Lu Tang, Yining Zou, Cong Dong, Jianshe Lian, and Qing Jiang. "Nanostructured CoxNi1−x bimetallic alloys for high efficient and ultrafast adsorption: experiments and first-principles calculations." RSC Advances 6, no. 11 (2016): 9209–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ra24886h.

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39

Mirnaya, Tatiana, and Galina Yaremchuk. "SYNTHESIS AND OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF NANOCOMPOSITES BASED ON LIQUID CRYSTAL WITH BIMETALLIC Au + Ag NANOPARTICLES OF ALLOY TYPE." Ukrainian Chemistry Journal 85, no. 5 (July 31, 2019): 54–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.33609/0041-6045.85.5.2019.54-59.

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In this work, we have carried out a research which aimed to obtain complex nanoparticles of noble metals Au + Ag in the form of bimetallic alloys. Bimetallic nanoparticles were synthesized directly in a liquid-crystalline cadmium caprylate melt in an argon atmosphere in the temperature range of mesophase existence by the simultaneous chemical reduction of cations of gold (Au3+) and silver (Ag+) from their compounds, tetrachloroaurate acid (H[AuCl4]×3Н2О) and silver nitrate AgNO3, respectively. The effect of synthesis duration (3 and 5 hours) on the spectral behavior of binary nanoparticles have been studied. It has been shown that when the synthesis duration is 3 h, mainly homogeneous bimetallic alloys are obtained, and when it is 5 h, both homogeneous and gradient alloys can be obtained. The absorption spectra of homogeneous alloys are characterized by the presence of one surface plasmon resonance (SPR) peak, which occupies an intermediate position relative to the SPR peaks for monometallic nanoparticles, i.e. between 425 and 560 nm. When forming heterogeneous alloys, which are formed in the molar ratio range where the amount of silver ions predominates, the absorption spectra exhibit two SPR peaks which relate to nanoparticles with different metallic silver content. The formation of metallic nanoparticles containing different metals may be due both to the different mobility of noble metals ions in the liquid crystal matrix and to the different rate of rearrangement of metals in the new formed heteronanoparticle. It has been found by electron spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy that the nanoparticles in this matrix have mostly a spherical shape with a mean diameter of 15 nm. The possibility of the fine control of the position of SPR peak of bimetallic nanoparticles in a liquid crystal matrix over a wide optical range of 422–580 nm is shown.

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40

de León-Quiroz, E. L., D. Vázquez Obregón, A. Ponce Pedraza, E. Larios-Rodríguez, M. José-Yacaman, and L. A. García-Cerda. "Synthesis and Characterization of Alloys and Bimetallic Nanoparticles of CuNi Prepared by Sol-Gel Method." MRS Proceedings 1479 (2012): 9–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/opl.2012.1590.

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ABSTRACTRecently, bimetallic nanostructures and nanoalloys have received special interest due to their promising chemical and physical properties. Specifically, Cu-Ni nanoparticles have been investigated for biomedical and catalytic applications. This work reports the synthesis of alloys and bimetallic nanoparticles of CuxNi100-x (x = 20, 40, 50, 60 and 80) by sol-gel method, and their morphological, structural and magnetic characterization. A precursor material was prepared using a standard Pechini method and then CuNi nanoparticles were obtained by calcination treatments of the precursor in H2/N2atmosphere at 600 and 700°C for 15 minutes. The resulting nanoparticles were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), which reveals that this method led to the formation of CuNi substitutional nanoalloys and bimetallic nanoparticles with good cristallinity related with the calcination temperatures and Cu:Ni weight ratios. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) shows nearly monodisperse and uniform spherical nanoparticles with sizes between 40 and 70 nm. The magnetic properties were studied using SQUID magnetometry, according with these results, the CuNi nanoparticles showed a ferromagnetic behavior, the magnetization value increases as a function of the weight percentage of Ni.

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41

Yousaf, Ammar Bin, M. Imran, Peter Kasak, Fathima Sifani Zavahir, Syed Javaid Zaidi, and Carlos Fernandez. "Enhanced and durable electrocatalytic performance of thin layer PtRu bimetallic alloys on Pd-nanocubes for methanol oxidation reactions." Catalysis Science & Technology 7, no. 15 (2017): 3283–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7cy00923b.

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42

Sulaiman, Doaa, Alwan M. Alwan, and Walid K. Hamoudi. "Enhanced pesticides’ limit of detection using bimetallic alloys nanoparticles." Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics 32, no. 14 (July 2021): 18689–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10854-021-06381-9.

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43

Meng, Jun, Beien Zhu, and Yi Gao. "Surface Composition Evolution of Bimetallic Alloys under Reaction Conditions." Journal of Physical Chemistry C 123, no. 46 (October 29, 2019): 28241–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcc.9b08398.

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44

Nilekar, Anand Udaykumar, Ye Xu, Junliang Zhang, Miomir B. Vukmirovic, Kotaro Sasaki, Radoslav R. Adzic, and Manos Mavrikakis. "Bimetallic and Ternary Alloys for Improved Oxygen Reduction Catalysis." Topics in Catalysis 46, no. 3-4 (November 28, 2007): 276–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11244-007-9001-z.

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45

Heinz, K., and L. Hammer. "Surface structure and segregation of bimetallic bcc-type alloys." Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter 11, no. 43 (October 15, 1999): 8377–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0953-8984/11/43/302.

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Dhibi, A., I. Sassi, and M. Oumezzine. "Surface plasmon resonance sensor based on bimetallic alloys grating." Indian Journal of Physics 90, no. 1 (June 20, 2015): 125–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12648-015-0716-6.

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47

Girão, A. V., P. C. Pinheiro, M. Ferro, and T. Trindade. "Tailoring gold and silver colloidal bimetallic nanoalloys towards SERS detection of rhodamine 6G." RSC Advances 7, no. 26 (2017): 15944–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7ra00685c.

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48

Martínez-Hincapié, Ricardo, and Viktor Čolić. "Electrocatalysts for the Oxygen Reduction Reaction: From Bimetallic Platinum Alloys to Complex Solid Solutions." ChemEngineering 6, no. 1 (February 16, 2022): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/chemengineering6010019.

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The oxygen reduction reaction has been the object of intensive research in an attempt to improve the sluggish kinetics that limit the performance of renewable energy storage and utilization systems. Platinum or platinum bimetallic alloys are common choices as the electrode material, but prohibitive costs hamper their use. Complex alloy materials, such as high-entropy alloys (HEAs), or more generally, multiple principal component alloys (MPCAs), have emerged as a material capable of overcoming the limitations of platinum and platinum-based materials. Theoretically, due to the large variety of active sites, this new kind of material offers the opportunity to identify experimentally the optimal binding site on the catalyst surface. This review discusses recent advances in the application of such alloys for the oxygen reduction reaction and existing experimental challenges in the benchmarking of the electrocatalytic properties of these materials.

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Li, X., T. Hungria, C. Garcia Marcelot, M. R. Axet, P. F. Fazzini, R. P. Tan, P. Serp, and K. Soulantica. "Confinement effects on the shape and composition of bimetallic nano-objects in carbon nanotubes." Chemical Communications 52, no. 11 (2016): 2362–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5cc09037g.

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Bian, Xin, Qiang Wang, Xinyan Wang, Lu Wang, Wei-qi Li, Guang-hui Chen, and Hongjun Zhu. "Graphene layers on bimetallic Ni/Cu(111) surface and near surface alloys in controlled growth of graphene." RSC Advances 6, no. 78 (2016): 74973–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6ra14315f.

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