Journal articles: 'Bimetalic'

1

Owarzany, Rafał, Piotr Leszczyński, Karol Fijalkowski, and Wojciech Grochala. "Mono- and Bimetalic Amidoboranes." Crystals 6, no. 8 (August 5, 2016): 88. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst6080088.

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Toshima, Naoki, Yumi Yamaji, Toshiharu Teranishi, and Tetsu Yonezawa. "Photosensitized Reduction of Carbon Dioxide in Solution Using Noble-Metal Clusters for Electron Transfer." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung A 50, no. 2-3 (March 1, 1995): 283–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/zna-1995-2-321.

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Abstract Carbon dioxide was reduced to methane by visible-light irradiation of a solution composed of tris(bipyridine)ruthenium(III) as photosensitizer, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid disodium salt as sacrificial reagent, methyl viologen as electron relay, and a colloidal dispersion of polymer-protected noble-metal clusters, prepared by alcohol-reduction, as catalyst. Among the noble-metal clusters examined, Pt clusters showed the highest activity for the formation of methane as well as hydrogen. In order to improve the activity, oxidized clusters and bimetallic clusters were also applied. For example, the CH4 yield in 3-h irradiation increased from 51 x 10-3 μmol with unoxidized Pt clusters to 72 x 10-3 μmol with partially oxidized ones. In the case of Pt/Ru bimetalic systems, the improvement of the catalytic activity by air treatment was much greater than in case of monometallic clusters.

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Nhan, Vu Duy. "ENHANCED EFFICIENCY OF TREATMENT OF TNT WASTEWATER BY INTERNAL ELECTROLYSIS REACTION USE BIMETALIC MATERIALS Fe-Cu." Vietnam Journal of Science and Technology 54, no. 4B (March 22, 2018): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.15625/2525-2518/54/4b/12018.

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In this article, wastewater containing 2,4,6 trinitrotoluen (TNT) was treated by internal microelectrolysis with bimetal Fe-Cu materials. Components of TNT pollutant content was identified by HPLC method. Examined factors: pH, time, temperature, concentration of Fe-Cu bimetal to efficient treatment of TNT in the wastewater. With conditions at pH 5, bimetal Fe-Cu dosage of 50 g for l litre of wastewater, TNT original content in the wastewater infected about 95-106.4 mg/l, temperature of 25 0C, after 6 hours of processing time, content TNT rest 0.2 - 0.5 mg/l, after 6 hours not observed.

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Ablyaz, Timur Rizovich, Evgeny Sergeevich Shlykov, Karim Ravilevich Muratov, and Alexander Valentinovich Zhurin. "Study of the EDM Process of Bimetallic Materials Using a Composite Electrode Tool." Materials 15, no. 3 (January 19, 2022): 750. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15030750.

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New types of profile products make complex use of bimetals. These materials possess a set of properties such as strength, corrosion resistance, thermal conductivity, heat resistance, wear resistance. For the processing of such products, it is advisable to use electrophysical processing methods, one of which is the technology of copy-piercing electrical discharge machining (EDM). Currently, EDM is one of the most common methods for processing products from modern bimetal materials. An urgent task is to study the EDM process of bimetallic materials. The aim of the work was to increase the efficiency and accuracy of the EDM process of bimetallic products using electrode-tools with different physical and mechanical properties. Bimetal—weld coated steel backing, base material—09G2S steel, surfacing material—M1 copper were used. The processing of the bimetallic workpiece was carried out on an Electronica Smart CNC copy-piercing EDM machine. EI used graphite, copper, and composite. A theoretical model was developed that allows calculation of the amount of removal of bimetallic material of steel–copper depending on the EDM modes and the ET (electrode tool) material. During the processing of the steel layer, regardless of the EI material, microcracks were formed along the grain boundaries, and during the processing of the copper layer, enlarged holes resulted.

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Vidal-Ferran, Anton, Nick Bampos, and Jeremy K. M. Sanders. "Stepwise Approach to Bimetalic Porphyrin Hosts: Spatially Enforced Coordination of a Nickel(II) Porphyrin." Inorganic Chemistry 36, no. 26 (December 1997): 6117–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ic971235n.

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Amirzehni, Maliheh, Javad Hassanzadeh, and Behrouz Vahid. "Surface imprinted CoZn-bimetalic MOFs as selective colorimetric probe: Application for detection of dimethoate." Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical 325 (December 2020): 128768. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.snb.2020.128768.

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Zhiquan Hou, Wenbo Pei, Xing Zhang, Yuxi Liu, Jiguang Deng, and Hongxing Dai. "Oxidative Removal of Volatile Organic Compounds over the Supported Bimetallic Catalysts." Global Environmental Engineers 7 (July 16, 2020): 1–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.15377/2410-3624.2020.07.1.

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Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and methane are pollutants that are harmful to the atmosphere and human health. It is highly required to control emissions of VOCs. Catalytic oxidation is one of the most effective pathways for the elimination of VOCs, in which the key issue is the development of novel and high-performance catalysts. In this review article, we briefly summarize the preparation strategies, physicochemical properties, catalytic activities, and stability for the oxidative removal of VOCs of the supported bimetallic catalysts that have been investigated by our group and other researchers. The supported bimetallic catalysts include the supported noble bimetal, supported noble metal-transition metal, and supported non-precious bimetal catalysts. It was found that catalytic performance was related to one or several factors, such as specific surface area, pore structure, particle size and dispersion, adsorbed oxygen species concentration, reducibility, lattice oxygen mobility, acidity, reactant activation ability, and/or interaction between bimetals or between metal and support. The stability and ability of anti-poisoning to water, carbon dioxide or chlorine were related to the nature of the bimetal and support in the catalysts. In addition, we also envision the development trend of such a topic in the future work.

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Romanenko, Victor, Leonid Golovko, Mykhailo Bloshchytsyn, and Viktor Dubniuk. "PRODUCTION OF BIMETALLIC MATERIALS WITH THE USE OF SPECIAL HOLDING ELEMENTS." Technical Sciences and Technologies, no. 1(27) (2022): 82–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.25140/2411-5363-2022-1(27)-82-91.

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The analysis of existing methods and a new combined process of bimetal production are presented, according to which a special regular design of holders is created on the surface of its functional component by means of laser or arc welding. Themelt of the structural component of the bimetal is fed to the surface of the functional component through the hole in the form of a special device with a given flow rate. Holders are made of wire. The holders are located on the surface of the working plate at an angle or perpendicular to the base, followed by bending after assembly. The number of holders, their geometry and relative position on the surface are determined by the size of the bimetal. You can change the required parameters of the strength of adhesion in different areas. Full filling of technological space between holders filled with metal guarantees reliable fastening ofbimetallic plates. Various options have been developed and implemented to reduce the cost of bimetal production technology. There are options where not the whole surface is filled, but only the specified areas of the prepared holes. This allows to implement multi-layer metal structures. A cheap and simple method of obtaining bimetallic plates without the need for foundry operations and equipment is the use of welding technology. It has been proven that in order to ensure high bond strength of bimetallic components and uniform distribution on the joint plane, it is necessary that the frequency of the holders and the step between them havethe optimal value. The high efficiency of a new, innovative combined technology of bimetal production has been demonstrated.The introduction of these technologies in the production of bimetals does not require large material costs and ensures maximum profitability of the manufacturing process of such materials. The presence of several manufacturing methods allows you to select the most optimal technology depending on the volume of production and the size of the resulting sheets of bimetals or individual products from them.

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Aguilera-Granja, F., R. H. Aguilera–del–Toro, E. E. Vogel, and E. Cisternas. "Bimetalic (AuPt)4 nano-clusters adsorbed on TiO2 nano-wires: A density-functional-theoretic study." Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids 159 (December 2021): 110275. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpcs.2021.110275.

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10

Chiu, Chien-Chao, Masamichi Yoshimura, Kazuyuki Ueda, Yuya Kamizono, Hisanori Shinohara, Yutaka Ohira, and Takayoshi Tanji. "Regrowth of Carbon Nanotubes Array on Al Layer Coated Substrate." Journal of Nanomaterials 2010 (2010): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2010/906204.

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Carbon nanotube (CNT) arrays have been synthesized by a repeated growth method using a custom-fabricated plasma-enhanced thermal chemical vapor deposition (PE-thermal CVD) apparatus. The initial catalyst is a layered structure prepared by depositing 10 nm of Al followed by 3 nm of Fe on an oxidized silicon substrate. Following CNT growth, the CNT arrays are removed using an ultrasonic cleaner, and another CNT array is grown on the remaining Fe-Al bimetalic nanoparticles without the addition of more catalyst. Annealing the catalytic substrate in air between growth cycles results in the removal of residual amorphous carbon along with the CNTs, and oxidation of the Fe-Al nanoparticles. The diameter of CNTs is reduced with repeated growth-annealing cycles, an effect of which is attributed to the diminishing size of the catalytically active nanoparticles with each cycle. After two growth cycles, SWNTs with the extraordinarily narrow diameter of 0.86 nm are synthesized. TheID/IGratio derived from the Raman spectrum of these of the SWNT arrays shows the remarkably low value of 0.22.

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11

Khaimovich, Alexander, Yaroslav Erisov, Vitaliy Smelov, Anton Agapovichev, Ilia Petrov, Vasilii Razhivin, Igor Bobrovskij, Viktoriya Kokareva, and Alexander Kuzin. "Interface Quality Indices of Al–10Si–Mg Aluminum Alloy and Cr18–Ni10–Ti Stainless-Steel Bimetal Fabricated via Selective Laser Melting." Metals 11, no. 1 (January 19, 2021): 172. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met11010172.

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Bimetallic materials are important in many industries (aerospace, medicine, etc.) since they allow the creation of constructions that combine specific functional properties, for example, low density (aluminum alloy) and high corrosion resistance (stainless steel), due to layering fabrication of the bimetallic joint. On the other hand, the difference in thermophysical properties of the dissimilar material layers leads to residual stresses, which cause deformation and destruction of such a bimetallic joint produced via the methods of surfacing or additive technologies. This article discusses the methods based on the gray relational analysis and generalized desirability function for the quality assessment of Al–10Si–Mg aluminum alloy and Cr18–Ni10–Ti stainless-steel bimetal fabricated via selective laser melting (SLM). There are four main parameters (quality indices) of the quality generalized assessment, which determine the degree of Al penetration into the steel substrate and Fe into the deposited layer, the difference in microhardness values on both sides of the interface boundary, and the resistance to mechanical destruction of the bimetallic joint. According to the results obtained, the best set of quality indices corresponds to the SLM technological modes with an energy density of 105 and 147 J/mm3. The greatest functionality of the bimetals is determined by the quality index associated with its strength. Therefore, methods of gray relational analysis and desirability function make it possible to form a generalized assessment for the bimetallic joint quality and, consequently, to select the best technological mode.

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12

Yang, Chunpeng, Byung Hee Ko, Sooyeon Hwang, Zhenyu Liu, Yonggang Yao, Wesley Luc, Mingjin Cui, et al. "Overcoming immiscibility toward bimetallic catalyst library." Science Advances 6, no. 17 (April 2020): eaaz6844. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aaz6844.

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Bimetallics are emerging as important materials that often exhibit distinct chemical properties from monometallics. However, there is limited access to homogeneously alloyed bimetallics because of the thermodynamic immiscibility of the constituent elements. Overcoming the inherent immiscibility in bimetallic systems would create a bimetallic library with unique properties. Here, we present a nonequilibrium synthesis strategy to address the immiscibility challenge in bimetallics. As a proof of concept, we synthesize a broad range of homogeneously alloyed Cu-based bimetallic nanoparticles regardless of the thermodynamic immiscibility. The nonequilibrated bimetallic nanoparticles are further investigated as electrocatalysts for carbon monoxide reduction at commercially relevant current densities (>100 mA cm−2), in which Cu0.9Ni0.1 shows the highest multicarbon product Faradaic efficiency of ~76% with a current density of ~93 mA cm−2. The ability to overcome thermodynamic immiscibility in multimetallic synthesis offers freedom to design and synthesize new functional nanomaterials with desired chemical compositions and catalytic properties.

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13

Huang, Y., and J. M. Cowley. "SEM and SAM observation of S-adsorbed Cu3Au (110) surface." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 52 (1994): 812–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100171791.

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The behavior of impurities on the surfaces is an important topic in surface science. Cu3Au is a typical ordering bimetalic alloy whose bulk and clean surface have been extensively studied.This make it a good material for studying the effect of impurities such as sulfur on the properties of the alloy surfaces. Some work has been done by the present authors on the structure and compositionchange of the Cu3Au (110) surface with the sulfur adsorption . It was found that when S isadsorbed on the surface the ratio of the surface Au concentration over Cu concentration decreases drastically. The reason of this change was explained as movement of Au atoms into the bulk and Cu atoms from the bulk to the surface due to the difference in the affinity of Au and Cu for S.The previous observations were based on macroscopic RHEED and AES techniques, the information was averaged over a large area. In order to obtain more localized information such as surface morphology andthe element distribution, secondary electron microscopy (SEM) and scanning Auger microscopy (SAM) were used to study the clean and S-adsorbed Cu3Au (110) surfaces. The experiment was carried out in a modified UHV VG HB501.

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14

Lekhov, O. S., A. V. Mikhalev, and M. M. Shevelev. "Production of three-layer steel bimetallic strips in the unit of continuous casting and deformation. Report 1." Izvestiya. Ferrous Metallurgy 62, no. 8 (September 13, 2019): 594–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.17073/0368-0797-2019-8-594-599.

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High technical and economic efficiency of the use of bimetals in chemical, oil, transport and energy engineering and other industries is described. The urgency of creating high-performance continuous processes for the production of bimetallic strips is substantiated. The authors have established the main technological tasks for development of the processes of obtaining bimetal of wide class. The paper describes resource-saving production technology of three-layer bimetals alloyed steel – constructional steel – alloyed steel at the unit of combined process of continuous casting and deformation. Possibilities of the proposed technology are outlined from the standpoint of improving the quality of bimetallic strips. The initial data are given to determine the temperature change over time of the main steel strip as it passes through the molten metal of the alloyed steel. The equations are given for non-stationary heat conduction, initial and boundary conditions for determining the temperature fields of main strip and cladding layer when obtaining a three-layer bimetallic strip on the unit of a combined process of continuous casting and deformation. The values of density, thermal conductivity and heat capacity for steel St3 were determined in a given temperature range. A procedure is described for calculating temperatures in the ANSYS package by solving a non-stationary heat conduction problem in a flat formulation by the finite element method. The authors have described the geometric model for calculating the temperature of strip and molten metal of the cladding layer. Values of the coefficient of heat transfer between the main strip and molten metal of the cladding layers of bimetallic strip are given adopted for calculation. Characteristic points are indicated in the model for calculating the temperatures of main strip and molten metal of the cladding layer. The graphs show temporal changes in these temperatures at production of a three-layer bimetallic strip on the unit of combined process of continuous casting and deformation. Calculated data on the time variation of temperature of main strip and molten metal of the cladding layer at characteristic points are given for different values of the contact heat transfer coefficient.

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Lekhov, O. S., and M. M. Shevelev. "Evaluation of the quality of three-layer steel bimetallic strips obtained on a unit of continuous casting and deformation." Izvestiya. Ferrous Metallurgy 64, no. 10 (November 24, 2021): 755–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.17073/0368-0797-2021-10-755-760.

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Today there is an urgency of creating high-performance continuous processes for the production of bimetals. The article describes the main tasks of improving the quality of the materials under consideration. Two stages of the technology for producing steel three-layer bimetallic strips on the unit of a combined continuous casting and deformation process are considered. The authors give recommendations on the conduct of the technological process in order to obtain high-quality bimetallic strips on such unit. The problem statement is presented. The material considers initial data for determining the temperature of the steel base strip and the stress-strain state of the metals of the cladding layers and the strip in deformation center of a three-layer bimetallic ingot. A model for calculating and a method for solving problems of thermal conductivity and elastoplasticity are shown. Regularities of the temperature change of the main steel strip are given during its passage through the molten metal of the cladding layer. Stress-strain state of the metals of the main strip and cladding layers in the deformation center was determined when three-layer bimetallic steel strips were obtained on the unit of combined continuous casting and deformation process. The authors describe the values of compression of the main steel strip and mutual displacement of the layers during compression of the bimetallic ingot by the strikers. Regularities of the distribution of axial and tangential stresses are shown along the contact line of the cladding layer with the striker. The evaluation of the process of obtaining bimetal steel 09G2S - steel 13KhFA - steel 09G2S was made on a pilot unit for continuous casting and deformation. Microstructure of the main strip and cladding layers of a three-layer bimetallic steel strip is shown when a combined continuous casting and deformation process is obtained in one unit.

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Chudakov, I. B., N. L. Fedotova, and I. V. Saikov. "Special Features of Formation of the High Damping State in Bimetallic Structural Materials Obtained by Explosion Welding." Key Engineering Materials 887 (May 2021): 28–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.887.28.

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Special features of the high-damping state formation in bimetallic materials produced by explosion welding have been studied. High-damping Mn-Cu alloy was used for the damping base of the bimetallic composite and high–strength steel (grade: 30HGSA) was used to form the coating layer. The effect of planar tensile stresses (observed in the damping component of the bimetal and caused by valuable difference between coefficients of thermal expansion of components of the bimetal) is discussed. Damping properties of bimetallic materials were found to be comparable with damping characteristics of monolithic high damping alloys. High-strength steel provides high-strength characteristics of the surface layer of the bimetal, where the strength level reaches 1100MPa and the hardness is equal to 50 HRC. Obtained combination of high damping and high strength in developed bimetallic materials provides real chance for practical application of these materials in industry.

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17

Li, Gaojie, Wenshuang Zhang, Na Luo, Zhenggang Xue, Qingmin Hu, Wen Zeng, and Jiaqiang Xu. "Bimetallic Nanocrystals: Structure, Controllable Synthesis and Applications in Catalysis, Energy and Sensing." Nanomaterials 11, no. 8 (July 26, 2021): 1926. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano11081926.

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In recent years, bimetallic nanocrystals have attracted great interest from many researchers. Bimetallic nanocrystals are expected to exhibit improved physical and chemical properties due to the synergistic effect between the two metals, not just a combination of two monometallic properties. More importantly, the properties of bimetallic nanocrystals are significantly affected by their morphology, structure, and atomic arrangement. Reasonable regulation of these parameters of nanocrystals can effectively control their properties and enhance their practicality in a given application. This review summarizes some recent research progress in the controlled synthesis of shape, composition and structure, as well as some important applications of bimetallic nanocrystals. We first give a brief introduction to the development of bimetals, followed by the architectural diversity of bimetallic nanocrystals. The most commonly used and typical synthesis methods are also summarized, and the possible morphologies under different conditions are also discussed. Finally, we discuss the composition-dependent and shape-dependent properties of bimetals in terms of highlighting applications such as catalysis, energy conversion, gas sensing and bio-detection applications.

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18

Li, Fa Gen, Bin Wei, Zhen Quan Bai, and Xue Hui Zhao. "Performance Analysis on CRA-Clad Pipes Extruded from Bimetallic Centrifugal Castings." Advanced Materials Research 287-290 (July 2011): 2288–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.287-290.2288.

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Recently a new method for manufacturing bimetal clad pipes is introduced, which can integrate centrifugal casting with extrusion technology organically. Through experimental study on microstructure and properties of bimetallic clad pipes manufactured by centrifugal casting and extruding, the results indicates that bimetal clad pipes with intact metallurgical interface have good bonding properties. Meanwhile wider interfacial zone will be favorable for reducing deformation stress. However there are still a few technical difficulties about the bimetallic clad pipe. Due to chemical composition and properties difference between backing materials and CRA layer, chemical elements will spread and microstructure will change during the process of production and even mechanical behavior of backing metal pipe and corrosion resistance of CRA layer will decline. To meet application requirements, appropriate heat treatment with bimetal clad pipes seems vita.

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Zhang, Ling, Jiawei Huang, Qizheng Zheng, Ang Li, Xianglan Li, Jing Li, Minhua Shao, et al. "“Superaerophobic” NiCo bimetallic phosphides for highly efficient hydrogen evolution reaction electrocatalysts." Chemical Communications 57, no. 50 (2021): 6173–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1cc01698a.

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Wang, Qi, Qi Fei Zheng, and De Fu Li. "Development of Copper Alloy-Steel Bimetallic Bearing Materials and Manufacturing Technology." Materials Science Forum 993 (May 2020): 374–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.993.374.

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Combining copper alloy with steel back to make bearing bush can not only improve the strength of bearing bush, but also prolong the life of bearing bush, which is called bimetallic bearing. In this paper, the development status of copper alloy materials in bimetallic bearing bushes and the manufacturing principle and characteristics of copper alloy-steel bimetallic bearing bushes are summarized, and the defects of several manufacturing processes are analyzed. This paper summarizes the research on improving the performance of copper-steel bimetallic bearing bush. Finally, the development direction of the preparation process of copper alloy-steel bimetal is prospected.

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Wu, Fei, Yueying Wang, Shunxin Fei, and Gang Zhu. "Co-Promoted CoNi Bimetallic Nanocatalyst for the Highly Efficient Catalytic Hydrogenation of Olefins." Nanomaterials 13, no. 13 (June 26, 2023): 1939. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano13131939.

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Bimetallic catalysts, especially non-noble metals, hold great potential for substituting for noble metals in catalytic hydrogenation. In present study, a series of CoxNiy (x + y = 6) bimetallic catalysts were prepared through the impregnation–reduction method and cyclohexene was chosen as probe-molecule to study the promotion effect of Co on the catalytic olefin hydrogenation reactions. Meanwhile, density functional theory (DFT) was utilized to investigate the formation energies and the charge distribution of CoNi bimetals, as well as the transition state (TS) searches for hydrogen dissociation and migration. The results suggest that bimetals tend to have superior catalytic performance than pure metals, and Co3Ni3 shows the highest catalytic activity on the cyclohexene hydrogenation. It was found that the charge transfer from Co to Ni and the alloying give rise to the refinement of CoNi grains and the improvement of its catalytic activity and stability. Thus, it may be possible to obtain better catalytic performance by tuning the metal/metal atomic ratio of bimetals.

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Gui, Hailian, Xiaotong Hu, Hao Liu, Chen Zhang, Qiang Li, Jianhua Hu, Jianxun Chen, Yujun Gou, Yuanhua Shuang, and Pengyue Zhang. "Research on the Solid–Liquid Composite Casting Process of Incoloy825/P110 Steel Composite Pipe." Materials 17, no. 9 (April 24, 2024): 1976. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma17091976.

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Bimetallic composites have a wide range of application prospects in various industries. Different bonding temperatures, as one of the influencing factors, directly affect the bonding effectiveness as well as the performance and application of the materials. Using metallurgical bonding techniques ensures a strong bond at the interface of bimetallic materials, resulting in high-quality composite pipe billets. This paper describes an Incoloy825/P110 steel bimetal composite material made by the solid–liquid composite method. By utilizing ProCAST 14.5 software for simulation and deriving theoretical formulas, an initial range of temperatures for bimetallic preparation has been tentatively determined. And this temperature range will be utilized for on-site experiments to prepare bimetallic samples. After the preparation process is completed, samples will be selected. The influence of the external mold temperature on the interface bonding of Incoloy825/P110 steel solid–liquid composite material is studied using an ultra-depth three-dimensional morphology microscope and a scanning electron microscope. Through research, the optimal preheating temperature range for the solid–liquid composite outer mold of Incoloy825/P110 bimetallic composite material has been determined. The casting temperature of the inner mold has a significant impact on the interface bonding of this bimetal composite material. As the casting temperature of the inner mold increases, the interface thickness gradually increases. At lower temperatures, the interface thickness is lower and the bonding is poorer. At higher temperatures, melting may occur, leading to coarse grains at the interface. When the temperatures of the inner and outer molds are within a certain range, a new phase appears at the interface. Indeed, it increases the strength of the interface bonding. Due to co-melting of the bimetal near the interface, element migration occurs, resulting in increased Ni and Cr content at the interface and enhanced corrosion resistance.

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Aignătoaie, Mihail. "FEA Study on the Elastic Deformation Process of a U-Shape Bimetal Actuator." Advanced Materials Research 837 (November 2013): 305–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.837.305.

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Bimetal actuators are frequently used in engineering applications. The literature for the design of bimetal actuators recommends only approximate analytical formulas for various bimetal structures, all with constant section on the entire length. No reference was found for bimetals with variable cross-section or bimetals shape optimization. Topology and shape optimization specialized software packages are not always an available or easy to use option. The paper presents a Finite Element Analysis, FEA, for a U-shaped bimetal with equal legs, considering both mechanical and thermal loads. FEA modeling aspects and some suggestions considering possible new shape modifications for this type of actuator are discussed.

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Li, Qingqing, Feng Guan, Yuancai Xu, Zheng Zhang, Zitian Fan, and Wenming Jiang. "Development of Al/Mg Bimetal Processed by Ultrasonic Vibration-Assisted Compound Casting: Effects of Ultrasonic Vibration Treatment Duration Time." Materials 16, no. 14 (July 15, 2023): 5009. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16145009.

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In this work, ultrasonic vibration treatment (UVT) was introduced to improve the interfacial microstructure and bonding strength of A356/AZ91D bimetal processed via lost foam compound casting (LFCC). The interfacial microstructure and mechanical properties of the Al/Mg bimetal processed via LFCC with different UVT durations were investigated. Results revealed the UVT did not change the composition of phases at the interface. The Al/Mg bimetallic interface consisted of an intermetallic compound area (β-Al3Mg2 + γ-Al12Mg17 + Mg2Si) and eutectic area (δ-Mg + γ-Al12Mg17 + Mg2Si). When the duration of the UVT was increased, the gathered Mg2Si particles at the intermetallic compound area were refined to sizes of no more than 5 μm and became more homogeneously dispersed in the intermetallic compound area and diffused in the eutectic area, which could be attributed to the removal of oxide film and the acoustic cavitation and streaming flow effects induced by the UVT. The microhardness of the Al/Mg bimetallic interface was not obviously changed by the increase in UVT duration. The shear strength of the Al/Mg bimetal was increased with UVT and reached maximum with a UVT duration of 5 s, with a value of 56.7 MPa, which was increased by 70.3%, compared with Al/Mg bimetal without UVT. This could be attributed to the removal of the oxide film at the Al/Mg bimetallic interface, which improved the metallurgical bonding of the Al/Mg interface. Additionally, the refined and homogeneously dispersed Mg2Si particles played an important role in suppressing the propagation of cracks and enhancing the shear strength of the Al/Mg bimetal.

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Saikov, I. V., I. B. Chudakov, N. L. Fedotova, N. M. Alexandrova, N. A. Polyakova, and S. Yu Makushev. "HIGH-DAMPING STATE IN STRUCTURAL BIMETALS OBTAINED BY EXPLOSION WELDING." IZVESTIA VOLGOGRAD STATE TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY, no. 11(246) (November 26, 2020): 69–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.35211/1990-5297-2020-11-246-69-76.

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Structural bimetallic materials consisting from high-strength steel (grade: 30HGSA) and binary (or alloyed) high-damping Mn-Cu alloys have been studied in the present research. Formation of the high-damping state in laminated materials obtained by explosion welding has been discussed. It is shown that the combination of high damping properties and high strength in the developed bimetallic materials provides an opportunity for practical application of high-damping bimetals in industry.

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Aghaei, Elham, Zexiang Wang, Bogale Tadesse, Carlito Tabelin, Zakaria Quadir, and Richard Alorro. "Performance Evaluation of Fe-Al Bimetallic Particles for the Removal of Potentially Toxic Elements from Combined Acid Mine Drainage-Effluents from Refractory Gold Ore Processing." Minerals 11, no. 6 (May 31, 2021): 590. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min11060590.

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Acid mine drainage (AMD) is a serious environmental issue associated with mining due to its acidic pH and potentially toxic elements (PTE) content. This study investigated the performance of the Fe-Al bimetallic particles for the treatment of combined AMD-gold processing effluents. Batch experiments were conducted in order to eliminate potentially toxic elements (including Hg, As, Cu, Pb, Ni, Zn, and Mn) from a simulated waste solution at various bimetal dosages (5, 10, and 20 g/L) and time intervals (0 to 90 min). The findings show that metal ions with greater electrode potentials than Fe and Al have higher affinities for electrons released from the bimetal. Therefore, a high removal (> 95%) was obtained for Hg, As, Cu, and Pb using 20 g/L bimetal in 90 min. Higher uptakes of Hg, As, Cu, and Pb than Ni, Zn, and Mn also suggest that electrochemical reduction and adsorption by Fe-Al (oxy) hydroxides as the primary and secondary removal mechanisms, respectively. The total Al3+ dissolution in the experiments with a higher bimetal content (10 and 20 g/L) were insignificant, while a high release of Fe ions was recorded for various bimetal dosages. Although the secondary Fe pollution can be considered as a drawback of using the Fe-Al bimetal, this issue can be tackled by a simple neutralization and Fe precipitation process. A rapid increase in the solution pH (initial pH 2 to >5 in 90 min) was also observed, which means that bimetallic particles can act as a neutralizing agent in AMD treatment system and promote the precipitation of the dissolved metals. The presence of chloride ions in the system may cause akaganeite formation, which has shown a high removal capacity for PTE. Moreover, nitrate ions may affect the process by competing for the released electrons from the bimetal owing to their higher electrode potential than the metals. Finally, the Fe-Al bimetallic material showed promising results for AMD remediation by electrochemical reduction of PTE content, as well as acid-neutralization/metal precipitation.

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Buyakova, S. P., K. N. Kayurov, and S. A. Barannikova. "Effect of heat treatment on deformation inhomogeneity of carbon steel / stainless steel bimetal." Izvestiya. Ferrous Metallurgy 66, no. 5 (November 11, 2023): 580–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.17073/0368-0797-2023-5-580-586.

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The work is devoted to the study of the effect of annealing on mechanical properties and inhomogeneity of plastic deformation of a bimetallic plate made of stainless / carbon steel with the dimensions of the working part 50×7×2 mm. To develop laser technology for producing bimetals of various compositions, the contact zone of two dissimilar steels is of greatest interest. Since the performance characteristics of the entire product as a whole depend on the structure and properties of this zone, interaction of the components of the bimetal in the process of its manufacture leads to appearance of heterogeneity of various types near the interface and in the volumes adjacent to it. The research material was obtained by laser cladding of wire AISI 304 stainless steel on a plate of low-carbon steel St3. Bimetallic samples were subjected to vacuum heating at a temperature of 700 °C at various times from 2 to 8 h. The use of data on the distributions of local strains by the speckle photography method made it possible to consider the process of plastic flow in the initial section of tension diagram and to establish the effect of annealing temperature on plastic strain localization during mechanical tests. For a quantitative assessment of deformation inhomogeneity in the main and cladding layers, we used spatiotemporal distributions of local elongations and the corresponding values of the variation coefficient. It was established that the level of deformation inhomogeneity of microvolumes at the interface during tension is higher than that of the bimetal main layers. With increase in the annealing time, increase in the variation coefficient in the joint zone is noted, which is more significant on the stainless steel side, and this increases the probability of microcracks initiation. The increased level of deformation inhomogeneity of microvolumes of the cladding layer carburized zone is contingent on the increased localization of deformation in nearby microvolumes due to structural heterogeneity.

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Amirzehni, Maliheh, Javad Hassanzadeh, and Behrouz Vahid. "Corrigendum to “Surface imprinted CoZn-bimetalic MOFs as selective colorimetric probe: Application for detection of dimethoate” [Sens. Actuators B Chem. 325 (2020) 128768]." Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical 349 (December 2021): 130772. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.snb.2021.130772.

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Shaparev, A. V., and I. Savin. "Calculation of the Amount of the Reduction Required for the Formation of Compound Layers during Cold Rolling of Bimetals." Materials Science Forum 870 (September 2016): 328–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.870.328.

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Calculated values of joint plastic deformation for forming a connection layer of the bimetal during cold rolling. Deflection of the primary setting of the bimetal layers depends on the thickness and sizes of destruction blocks, the ratio of the geometric shapes of the blocks of the surface layer destruction, the external friction during rolling, the strip tension, the diameter of the rolls, the thickness of the bimetallic billet.

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Jia, Yanlong, Huiping Qi, Mengmeng Pei, Zhenjiang Li, Fangcheng Qin, and Lu Jia. "Hot Deformation Behavior Coordination and Processing Maps of 40Cr/Q345B Bimetallic Blank by Centrifugal Casting." Metals 12, no. 8 (July 29, 2022): 1281. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met12081281.

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The compact cast-rolling compound forming of bimetallic ring is an efficient process for manufacturing large bimetallic rings. The difference in hot deformation behavior of the two metals directly affects the coordinated deformation of bimetals during hot rolling. In this paper, hot compression tests of 40Cr/Q345B bimetallic blank produced by centrifugal casting were carried out at temperatures of 950–1200 °C and strain rates of 0.005–5 s−1. Based on the comparisons of flow stress behavior, activation energy, and activation volume, hot deformation behavior coordination of 40Cr/Q345B bimetallic blank was investigated. Processing maps were established to study the optimum processing windows for 40Cr/Q345B bimetallic blank. Under the same deformation conditions, 40Cr shows lower overall flow stress than Q345B, which facilitate the coordinated deformation of the bimetallic blank during rolling, and the flow stress difference between 40Cr and Q345B decreases with the increase of temperature. It was connected with the increase in the second phase particles pinning effect for higher MnS content in Q345B. The common rate-controlling mechanism for 40Cr and Q345B is the thermal breaking of attractive junctions and movement of jogged screw dislocations. The bimetallic blanks exhibit good deformation coordination in the optimum processing window (1030–1100 °C and 0.5–1 s−1 with a strain of 0.6).

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31

Millington, Emma L., H. Ali Dondas, Colin W. G. Fishwick, Colin Kilner, and Ron Grigg. "Catalytic bimetalic [Pd(0)/Ag(I) Heck-1,3-dipolar cycloaddition cascade reactions accessing spiro-oxindoles. Concomitant in situ generation of azomethine ylides and dipolarophile." Tetrahedron 74, no. 27 (July 2018): 3564–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tet.2018.05.017.

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32

Lekhov, O. S., A. V. Mikhalev, and M. M. Shevelev. "PRODUCTION OF THREE-LAYER STEEL BIMETALLIC STRIPS IN THE UNIT OF CONTINUOUS CASTING AND DEFORMATION. REPORT 2." Izvestiya. Ferrous Metallurgy 62, no. 10 (November 3, 2019): 763–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.17073/0368-0797-2019-10-763-768.

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The paper states urgency of the problem of determining stressstrain state of metals of the cladding layer and the main strip in production of three-layer bimetal: alloyed steel-constructional steelalloyed steel. Temperature field of the main strip and cladding layer is given to calculate stress-strain state of metals of three-layer bimetallic strip. Initial data for calculating this stress-strain state are given. To assess the effect of coefficient of friction between cladding layer s and the main strip on stress-strain state of metals in deformation zone, three values of it are taken. Geometric model is described for calculating stress-strain state and metal flow in deformation center of cladding layer. Characteristic lines and points of calculation are provided. Technique for solving the problem of determining stresses and flows in deformation focus is described by finite element method using ANSYS app. Regularities of flow of cladding layer’s metal along the length of deformation center and movement of the main strip of bimetallic ingot are given. Values of mutual displacement of layers of bimetallic strip are determined as a function of deformation degree of the cladding layer. And the recommendations are given on this degree to improve quali ty of a three-layer bimetal. Regularities of distribution of axial and tangential stresses in deformation center are presented for production of steel three-layer bimetallic strips in the unit of combined continuous casting and deformation. Stress state of the cladding layer’s metal in focus of cyclic deformation was estimated from the position of improving quality of three-layer bimetallic strips produced in such unit.

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Karolczuk, Aleksander. "Ratcheting Simulation in a Titanium-Steel Bimetallic Plate Based on the Chaboche Hardening Model." Acta Mechanica et Automatica 10, no. 4 (December 1, 2016): 265–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ama-2016-0040.

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Abstract The paper presents the results of fatigue loading simulation applied to bimetallic model using the Chaboche kinematic hardening rule. Three cases of simulations were performed: (i) without residual stresses; (ii) considering residual stresses and (iii) considering asymmetrical geometry of bimetal, i.e. cross area reducing under tension period of loading. Experimental results exhibit the ratcheting phenomenon in titanium-steel bimetallic specimens. The observed ratcheting phenomenon could be explained by the third case of simulation which is supported by detection of microcracks in the vicinity of welded area.

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Karolczuk, Aleksander, and Mateusz Kowalski. "Structural and Fatigue Properties of Titanium-Steel Bimetallic Composite Obtained by Explosive Welding Technology." Key Engineering Materials 592-593 (November 2013): 594–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.592-593.594.

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Structure of bimetallic composite obtained during explosive welding process exhibits strong heterogeneity in the vicinity of interface. The interface usually has a wavy shape with characteristic increase of hardness and largely deformed grains. Recently obtained fatigue tests for titanium-steel bimetal specimens under fully reversed push-pull loading show ratcheting phenomenon. In order to investigate this phenomenon mechanical testing and structural observations of titanium-steel bimetal and titanium before cladding have been performed. Fatigue characteristics in the form of relation between strain amplitude and fatigue life for titanium (Grade 1), steel (S355J2+N) and bimetal will be presented.

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., Sarjiyana, Subagiyo Subagiyo, and Lisa Agustriyana. "PENGARUH PENGATURAN KUAT ARUS DAN VOLTASE TERHADAP KEKUATAN TARIK PADA PENGELASAN BIMETAL PLAT BAJA KARBON RENDAH DAN STAINLESS STEEL 304 DENGAN LAS GMAW." Jurnal Energi dan Teknologi Manufaktur (JETM) 4, no. 02 (December 31, 2021): 7–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.33795/jetm.v4i02.103.

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A manufactured product in the form of a mixture of dissimilar materials (bimetal) must be considered, including: selecting the right metal, selecting the appropriate filler, setting the current and voltage, etc. For this reason, research related to bimetallic welding using Gas Metal Arc Welding (GMAW) was conducted. The aims were to determine the effect of current on the tensile strength of bimetallic welding of low carbon steel and stainless steel 304 using GMAW welding, to determine the effect of voltage on the tensile strength of bimetallic welding, and to determine the effect of the interaction of current and voltage on the tensile strength of bimetallic welding using welding. GMAW. The research method used is experimental where the results of bimetallic welding are tested by the destructive test method. The results showed that current, voltage, and the strong interaction between current and voltage affect the tensile strength of bimetallic welding of low carbon steel and stainless steel 304 using GMAW welding. The use of amperes between 120A-160A and a voltage of 19V-22V gives a small difference and a tensile strength of 300 MPa-330 MPa.

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36

Dlamini, Nkosinathi Goodman, Albertus Kotze Basson, and Viswanadha Srirama Rajasekhar Pullabhotla. "Synthesis and Characterization of Various Bimetallic Nanoparticles and Their Application." Applied Nano 4, no. 1 (January 3, 2023): 1–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/applnano4010001.

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Bimetallic nanoparticles are a complex nanoscale combination of two metal constituents. The superior properties of bimetallic nanoparticles (BNPs) compared with monometallic nanoparticles have attracted much attention from both scientific and technological perspectives. In recent years, many fabrication techniques have been proposed, and the detailed characterization of bimetallic nanoparticles has been made possible by the rapid advancement of nanomaterial analysis techniques. Metallic nanoparticles can be classified according to their origin, size, and structure, and their synthesis process can be physical, chemical, or biological. Bimetallic nanoparticles are more attractive than metal nanoparticles due to their unique mixing patterns and synergistic effects of two metal nanoparticles forming the bimetal. In this review, the different bimetallic synthesis methods and various characterization techniques are discussed. The paper will also discuss various applications for bimetallic nanoparticles. Different characterization techniques for bimetallic nanoparticles include X-ray diffraction (XRD) to investigate crystallinity and phase composition; the morphology and composition analysis of nanoparticles are studied using a scanning electron microscope fitted with an energy-dispersive X-ray analyzer (EDX); transmission electron microscopy (TEM), UV–vis spectrum, FTIR, and TGA analysis are also among the characterization tools used. Finally, we report on the various applications of BNPs, which include antimicrobial activity, pollutant removal, and wastewater application.

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Swiatkowska-Warkocka, Zaneta. "Bimetal CuFe Nanoparticles—Synthesis, Properties, and Applications." Applied Sciences 11, no. 5 (February 24, 2021): 1978. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11051978.

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Bimetal CuFe (copper-iron) nanoparticles, which are based on the earth-abundant and inexpensive metals, have generated a great deal of interest in recent years. The possible modification of the chemical and physical properties of these nanoparticles by changing their size, structure, and composition has contributed to the development of material science. At the same time, the strong tendency of these elements to oxidize under atmospheric conditions makes the synthesis of pure bimetallic CuFe nanoparticles still a great challenge. This review reports on different synthetic approaches to bimetallic CuFe nanoparticles and bimetallic CuFe nanoparticles supported on various materials (active carbide, carbide nanotubes, silica, graphite, cellulose, mesoporous carbide), their structure, physical, and chemical properties, as well as their utility as catalysts, including electrocatalysis and photocatalysis.

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38

Platts, James A., Benson M. Kariuki, and Paul D. Newman. "Welcoming Neighbour or Inhospitable Host? Selective Second Metal Binding in 5- and 6-Phospha-Substituted Bpy Ligands." Molecules 29, no. 5 (March 5, 2024): 1150. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules29051150.

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The controlled formation of mixed-metal bimetallics was realised through use of a fac-[Re(CO)3(N,N′-bpy-P)Cl] complex bearing an exogenous 2,4,6-trioxa-1,3,5,7-tetramethyl-8-phosphaadamantane donor at the 5-position of the bpy. The introduction of gold, silver, and rhodium with appropriate secondary ligands was readily achieved from established starting materials. Restricted rotation about the C(bpy)-P bond was observed in several of the bimetallic complexes and correlated with the relative steric bulk of the second metal moiety. Related chemistry with the 6-substituted derivative proved more limited in scope with only the bimetallic Re/Au complex being isolated.

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39

Halaczek, Dariusz, and Eugeniusz Hadasik. "Influence of the Materials Combination for the Surface Temperature of the Bimetallic Wire Deformed in the Cold Drawing Process." Solid State Phenomena 226 (January 2015): 53–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.226.53.

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The article discusses the mathematical and practical methodology for evaluating the temperature on the surface of bimetallic wire after deformation in the drawing die. The components of bimetallic wire on the cross-section are the following materials: - a core, brass M63 (CuZn37) - shell M1E copper (Cu – ETP), - a core, aluminum Al (A199, 5) - shell M1E copper (Cu – ETP). An outer layer (shell) in such combinations is always a copper with two different thicknesses of 1.5 mm and 0.5 mm, which means that the proportion of copper on the cross section of the bimetal was respectively 64% and 32%. The bimetallic wires samples used for measurements were obtained by mechanical cladding. In the first step of the process, the cooper tubes M1E were put on the aluminium and brass wires M63, and then in a second step, each set combination was subjected to a simultaneous deformation with a total true strain φlc~ 1. Thus obtained the bimetal wires were the blank material for determining the surface temperature. In the drawing process there were used two different drawing speeds, and for each was applied the two individual size of deformation of 15% and 30%. The temperature on the surface of the layered wire depending on the single deformation and drawing speed was determined using a thermographic camera and it was also calculated according to mathematical formulas. The article discusses the preliminary results necessary to conduct further deliberations on the temperature decomposition on the longitudinal section of the bimetallic wire deformed in the drawing die.

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Ji, Zhiqiang, Mengnan Yuan, Zhaoqin He, Hao Wei, Xuemin Wang, Jianxin Song, and Lisha Jiang. "Construction of Porphyrin-Based Bimetallic Nanomaterials with Photocatalytic Properties." Molecules 29, no. 3 (February 3, 2024): 708. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules29030708.

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The efficient synthesis of nanosheets containing two metal ions is currently a formidable challenge. Here, we attempted to dope lanthanide-based bimetals into porphyrin-based metal-organic skeleton materials (MOFs) by microwave-assisted heating. The results of the EDX, ICP, and XPS tests show that we have successfully synthesized porphyrin-based lanthanide bimetallic nanosheets (Tb-Eu-TCPP) using a household microwave oven. In addition, it is tested and experimentally evident that these nanosheets have a thinner thickness, a larger BET surface area, and higher photogenerated carrier separation efficiency than bulk porphyrin-based bimetallic materials, thus exhibiting enhanced photocatalytic activity and n-type semiconductor properties. Furthermore, the prepared Tb-Eu-TCPP nanomaterials are more efficient in generating single-linear state oxygen under visible light irradiation compared to pristine monometallic nanosheets due to the generation of bimetallic nodes. The significant increase in catalytic activity is attributed to the improved separation and transfer efficiency of photogenerated carriers. This study not only deepens our understanding of lanthanide bimetallic nanosheet materials but also introduces an innovative approach to improve the photocatalytic performance of MOFs.

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Wang, Xiaoming, Boen Tang, Linlin Wang, Dongyun Wang, Weiping Dong, and Xiping Li. "Microstructure, Microhardness and Tribological Properties of Bronze–Steel Bimetallic Composite Produced by Vacuum Diffusion Welding." Materials 15, no. 4 (February 20, 2022): 1588. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15041588.

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In this paper, a lead–bronze/steel bimetal composite was produced by vacuum diffusion welding technology. The microstructure, hardness and tribological properties under the dry sliding condition of the bimetal structured material were investigated and compared with two reference samples, i.e., lead–bronze and Mn/Si–brass. The wear mechanism of the three materials was also analyzed in detail. It was found that the bimetallic structure possessed the best wear resistance among the three samples. When paired with the ball bearing steel, the wear rates of the lead–bronze and Mn/Si–brass were 13 and 54 times higher than that of the bimetal composite. When paired with bearing steel, the wear rates of the two materials were 13 and 54 times higher than the bimetallic composite, respectively. This is because the steel layer served as a bearing layer to decrease the plastic deformation of the bronze layer. Furthermore, the lead can accelerate the formation of a dense hardened layer at the sliding interfaces to avoid subsequent wear of the bronze surface. Nevertheless, this hardened layer caused severe scuffing on the steel balls. Therefore, lead–bronze/steel structured material is recommended to match with hard counterface material, such as cemented carbide.

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Avcı, Uğur, and Yusuf Eren Erdoğdu. "Microstructure and mechanical properties of a semi-centrifugal compression processed Al6013 and Cu bimetal." Materials Testing 63, no. 11 (November 1, 2021): 1058–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/mt-2021-0040.

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Abstract In this study, aluminum Al6013 and copper (Cu) cylindrical bimetal was manufactured by means of an original production method. The optical microscope and scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of the bimetal material produced through this approach, semi-centrifugal compression, were used in microstructural investigations following which metallurgical transition zones were defined. Through an energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis of the defined regions, the chemical content of the regions were determined. Micro hardness values of the regions were determined and comparisons were made with the chemical content and hardness values of the materials used in the bimetal production before the manufacturing process. In addition, the mechanical properties of the materials were compared by applying tensile tests to the bimetallic components Cu and Al6013 and to the bimetal material produced. In the light of the values obtained, the general properties of the bimetal material produced through this new approach were presented.

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43

Fan, Mengke, Jingwei Yan, Quantao Cui, Run Shang, Qiting Zuo, Lin Gong, and Wei Zhang. "Synthesis and Peroxide Activation Mechanism of Bimetallic MOF for Water Contaminant Degradation: A Review." Molecules 28, no. 8 (April 21, 2023): 3622. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28083622.

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Metal–organic framework (MOF) materials possess a large specific surface area, high porosity, and atomically dispersed metal active sites, which confer excellent catalytic performance as peroxide (peroxodisulfate (PDS), peroxomonosulfate (PMS), and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)) activation catalysts. However, the limited electron transfer characteristics and chemical stability of traditional monometallic MOFs restrict their catalytic performance and large-scale application in advanced oxidation reactions. Furthermore, the single-metal active site and uniform charge density distribution of monometallic MOFs result in a fixed activation reaction path of peroxide in the Fenton-like reaction process. To address these limitations, bimetallic MOFs have been developed to improve catalytic activity, stability, and reaction controllability in peroxide activation reactions. Compared with monometallic MOFs, bimetallic MOFs enhance the active site of the material, promote internal electron transfer, and even alter the activation path through the synergistic effect of bimetals. In this review, we systematically summarize the preparation methods of bimetallic MOFs and the mechanism of activating different peroxide systems. Moreover, we discuss the reaction factors that affect the process of peroxide activation. This report aims to expand the understanding of bimetallic MOF synthesis and their catalytic mechanisms in advanced oxidation processes.

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44

Nonyak, D. V., I. V. Denisov, and О. L. Pervukhina. "The influence of the technological cycle of production on the change in the physical and mechanical characteristics of bimetal with a butt welded joint in the cladding layer." Industrial laboratory. Diagnostics of materials 87, no. 7 (July 24, 2021): 59–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.26896/1028-6861-2021-87-7-59-66.

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The goal of the study is to consider the effect of explosion welding, heat treatment and cold straightening (gagging) in production of 09G2S + 08Kh13 bimetal with a butt welded joint in the cladding layer on the evolution of residual internal stresses. The impact of technological operations on the change in the level of residual stresses in a bimetallic material with a welded butt joint in the cladding layer was carried out using a non-destructive method of the magnetic memory of metals (MMM). This method is based on the use of the intrinsic stray magnetic field formed in the zones of increased dislocation density. The results revealed the special features of the location of zones with maximum values of the stress field gradient (dH/dx) and their evolution upon production of 09G2S + 08Kh13 bimetal with a butt welded joint in the cladding layer. An increase in the level of residual stresses in the cladding layer occurs after manual electric arc welding of 2 parts of the cladding layer made of 08Kh13 steel. It is shown that after explosion welding the level of residual stresses change. The stress relaxation occurs in the zone of weld in the cladding layer. At the same time, an increase in the level of residual stresses is observed in the main and cladding layer of the bimetal. To reduce the high level of residual stresses, we used the subsequent heat treatment of the obtained bimetallic samples in two different modes. The optimal heat treatment mode (heating to 720 ± 20°C, holding for 2 h, cooling with a furnace) which excluded the crack formation in the cladding layer upon mechanical straightening of bimetal was specified for 09G2S + 08Kh13 bimetal sample with a butt welded joint in the cladding layer.

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Fu, Fenglian, Zihang Cheng, and Jianwei Lu. "Synthesis and use of bimetals and bimetal oxides in contaminants removal from water: a review." RSC Advances 5, no. 104 (2015): 85395–409. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ra13067k.

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46

Settimi, Clarissa, Daniela Zingaretti, Simone Sanna, Iason Verginelli, Igor Luisetto, Antonello Tebano, and Renato Baciocchi. "Synthesis and Characterization of Zero-Valent Fe-Cu and Fe-Ni Bimetals for the Dehalogenation of Trichloroethylene Vapors." Sustainability 14, no. 13 (June 25, 2022): 7760. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14137760.

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In this study, zero-valent iron-copper (Fe-Cu) and iron-nickel (Fe-Ni) bimetals were prepared by disc milling for the dehalogenation of trichloroethylene vapors. For both Fe-Ni and Fe-Cu, three combinations in terms of percentage of secondary metal added were produced (1%, 5%, 20% by weight) and the formation of the bimetallic phase by milling was evaluated by X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. The disc milled bimetals were characterized by a homogenous distribution of Ni or Cu in the Fe phase and micrometric size visible from scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDS) analysis and by a relatively low specific surface area (0.2–0.7 m2/g) quantified by the Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) method. The reactivity of the produced bimetals was evaluated by batch degradation tests of TCE in the gas phase with 1 day of reaction time. Fe-Ni bimetals have shown better performance in terms of TCE removal (57–75%) than Fe-Cu bimetals (41–55%). The similar specific surface area values found for the produced bimetals indicated that the enhancement in the dehalogenation achieved using bimetals is closely related to the induced catalysis. The obtained results suggest that ZVI-based bimetals produced by disc milling are effective in the dehalogenation of TCE vapors in partially saturated conditions.

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Karolczuk, Aleksander, Krzysztof Kluger, Mateusz Kowalski, and Mariusz Prazmowski. "The Effect of the Detonation Velocity in Explosively Welded Steel-Zirconium Bimetal on the Residual Stresses Determined by the Hole-Drilling Method." Solid State Phenomena 224 (November 2014): 181–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.224.181.

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As a result of the explosion welding, residual stresses are generated in the cladded material which can affect the properties of the bimetallic composite. This paper analyses the value of residual stresses in the steel-zirconium bimetal sheets, for which the detonation velocities were 1,0V0 (where V0 = 2200m/s); 1,3V0 and 1,6V0 with constant others welding parameters.

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48

Kuznetsov, Ruslan Valer'yevich, Mihail Mihailovich Radkevich, and Pavel Alekseyevich Kuznetsov. "The Technology of Producing Layered Composite Materials on the Basis of Hypoeutectic Silumin AK9ch and Sintered Iron Powder AHC100.29." Key Engineering Materials 822 (September 2019): 252–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.822.252.

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The paper presents a new technological scheme for obtaining bimetallic materials of the composition "aluminum casting alloy - sintered iron powder" by the method of joint stamping. The results of experimental studies of the effect of process conditions on the physicomechanical properties of the starting materials and the adhesive strength of the final bimetal blank are presented.

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Guan, Feng, Suo Fan, Junlong Wang, Guangyu Li, Zheng Zhang, and Wenming Jiang. "Effect of Vibration Acceleration on Interface Microstructure and Bonding Strength of Mg–Al Bimetal Produced by Compound Casting." Metals 12, no. 5 (April 29, 2022): 766. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met12050766.

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Vibration was adopted to enhance the interface bonding of Mg–Al bimetal prepared by the lost foam compound casting (LFCC) technique. The Mg–Al bimetallic interface was composed of three layers: layer I (Al3Mg2 and Mg2Si phases), layer II (Al12Mg17 and Mg2Si phases), and layer III (Al12Mg17 + δ-Mg eutectic structure). With the increase in vibration acceleration, the cooling rate of the Mg–Al bimetal increased, resulting in the decrease in the reaction duration that generates the intermetallic compounds (IMCs) layer (including layers I and II) and its thickness. On the other hand, the Mg2Si phase in the IMCs layer was refined, and its distribution became more uniform with the increase in the vibration acceleration. Finally, the shear strength of the Mg–Al bimetal continued to increase to 45.1 MPa when the vibration acceleration increased to 0.9, which was 40% higher than that of the Mg–Al bimetal without vibration.

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Fathy, N. "Interfacial Microstructure and Bonding Area of Sn-based Alloy-GG25 Gray Iron Bimetallic Material Using Flux, Sn, and Sn-Zn Interlayer Compound Casting." Engineering, Technology & Applied Science Research 12, no. 2 (April 9, 2022): 8416–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.48084/etasr.4804.

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Abstract:

A bimetallic casting consisting of GG25 gray iron substrate and Sn-based alloy using the liquid-solid technique has been studied in this paper. Three different pretreatment processes of gray iron surface substrates including flux only, flux and Sn powder, and flux and Sn-8.8% Zn powder eutectic alloy surface treatment were adopted for the aim of improving the quality of tinning, the interfacial structure, and the bonding area of the Sn-based alloy/gray iron bimetallic composite in order to promote the bonding quality of bimetallic castings. Microstructure characterization on the bonding interface was conducted. The novel tinning material for gray cast iron substrate comprising of Sn-8.8% Zn eutectic alloy powder in combination with flux interlayer improved the bonding area, the interfacial bimetal structure, and the shear stress. This improvement is due to the higher interface reaction of Zn with Fe that leads to the formation of a very thin layer of Fe-Zn and Fe-Sn intermetallic phases.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Bimetalic'

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