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Journal articles on the topic 'Bifunctional Nano-electrocatalysts'

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Author: Grafiati

Published: 6 September 2023

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1

Kim, Seona, Guntae Kim, and Arumugam Manthiram. "A Bifunctional Hybrid Electrocatalyst for Oxygen Reduction and Oxygen Evolution Reactions: Nano-Co3O4-Deposited La0.5Sr0.5MnO3 via Infiltration." Molecules 26, no. 2 (January 8, 2021): 277. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26020277.

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For rechargeable metal–air batteries, which are a promising energy storage device for renewable and sustainable energy technologies, the development of cost-effective electrocatalysts with effective bifunctional activity for both oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) has been a challenging task. To realize highly effective ORR and OER electrocatalysts, we present a hybrid catalyst, Co3O4-infiltrated La0.5Sr0.5MnO3-δ (LSM@Co3O4), synthesized using an electrospray and infiltration technique. This study expands the scope of the infiltration technique by depositing ~18 nm nanoparticles on unprecedented ~70 nm nano-scaffolds. The hybrid LSM@Co3O4 catalyst exhibits high catalytic activities for both ORR and OER (~7 times, ~1.5 times, and ~1.6 times higher than LSM, Co3O4, and IrO2, respectively) in terms of onset potential and limiting current density. Moreover, with the LSM@Co3O4, the number of electrons transferred reaches four, indicating that the catalyst is effective in the reduction reaction of O2 via a direct four-electron pathway. The study demonstrates that hybrid catalysts are a promising approach for oxygen electrocatalysts for renewable and sustainable energy devices.

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Kim, Seona, Guntae Kim, and Arumugam Manthiram. "A Bifunctional Hybrid Electrocatalyst for Oxygen Reduction and Oxygen Evolution Reactions: Nano-Co3O4-Deposited La0.5Sr0.5MnO3 via Infiltration." Molecules 26, no. 2 (January 8, 2021): 277. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26020277.

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For rechargeable metal–air batteries, which are a promising energy storage device for renewable and sustainable energy technologies, the development of cost-effective electrocatalysts with effective bifunctional activity for both oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) has been a challenging task. To realize highly effective ORR and OER electrocatalysts, we present a hybrid catalyst, Co3O4-infiltrated La0.5Sr0.5MnO3-δ (LSM@Co3O4), synthesized using an electrospray and infiltration technique. This study expands the scope of the infiltration technique by depositing ~18 nm nanoparticles on unprecedented ~70 nm nano-scaffolds. The hybrid LSM@Co3O4 catalyst exhibits high catalytic activities for both ORR and OER (~7 times, ~1.5 times, and ~1.6 times higher than LSM, Co3O4, and IrO2, respectively) in terms of onset potential and limiting current density. Moreover, with the LSM@Co3O4, the number of electrons transferred reaches four, indicating that the catalyst is effective in the reduction reaction of O2 via a direct four-electron pathway. The study demonstrates that hybrid catalysts are a promising approach for oxygen electrocatalysts for renewable and sustainable energy devices.

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Duan, Lei, Zhili Ren, Xiaoling Chen, Ding Zhang, and Shoudong Xu. "FeNi Confined in N-Doped Carbon as a Highly Efficient Bi-Functional Catalyst for Rechargeable Zn–Air Batteries." Inorganics 11, no. 7 (July 14, 2023): 300. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/inorganics11070300.

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Rechargeable zinc–air batteries (RZABs) are basically dependent on both affordable and long-lasting bifunctional electrocatalysts. A non-precious metal catalyst, a FeNi nanoalloy catalyst (FeNi@NC) with an extremely low metal consumption (0.06 mmol), has been successfully synthesized. It shows a high half-wave potential of 0.845 V vs. RHE for ORR and a low overpotential of 318 mV for OER at 10 mA cm−2, favoring a maximum power density of 116 mW cm−2 for the constructed RZABs. The voltage plateau is reserved even after 167 h of cell operation. The synergistic effect between the nano-sized FeNi alloy and nitrogen-doped carbon with abundant N sites mainly contributes to the electrocatalytic activity. This research can provide some useful guidelines for the development of economic and efficient bifunctional catalysts for RZABs.

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Karuppiah, Chelladurai, Balamurugan Thirumalraj, Srinivasan Alagar, Shakkthivel Piraman, Ying-Jeng Jame Li, and Chun-Chen Yang. "Solid-State Ball-Milling of Co3O4 Nano/Microspheres and Carbon Black Endorsed LaMnO3 Perovskite Catalyst for Bifunctional Oxygen Electrocatalysis." Catalysts 11, no. 1 (January 7, 2021): 76. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal11010076.

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Developing a highly stable and non-precious, low-cost, bifunctional electrocatalyst is essential for energy storage and energy conversion devices due to the increasing demand from the consumers. Therefore, the fabrication of a bifunctional electrocatalyst is an emerging focus for the promotion and dissemination of energy storage/conversion devices. Spinel and perovskite transition metal oxides have been widely explored as efficient bifunctional electrocatalysts to replace the noble metals in fuel cell and metal-air batteries. In this work, we developed a bifunctional catalyst for oxygen reduction and oxygen evolution reaction (ORR/OER) study using the mechanochemical route coupling of cobalt oxide nano/microspheres and carbon black particles incorporated lanthanum manganite perovskite (LaMnO3@C-Co3O4) composite. It was synthesized through a simple and less-time consuming solid-state ball-milling method. The synthesized LaMnO3@C-Co3O4 composite was characterized by scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) analysis, X-ray diffraction spectroscopy, and micro-Raman spectroscopy techniques. The electrocatalysis results showed excellent electrochemical activity towards ORR/OER kinetics using LaMnO3@C-Co3O4 catalyst, as compared with Pt/C, bare LaMnO3@C, and LaMnO3@C-RuO2 catalysts. The observed results suggested that the newly developed LaMnO3@C-Co3O4 electrocatalyst can be used as a potential candidate for air-cathodes in fuel cell and metal-air batteries.

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Karuppiah, Chelladurai, Balamurugan Thirumalraj, Srinivasan Alagar, Shakkthivel Piraman, Ying-Jeng Jame Li, and Chun-Chen Yang. "Solid-State Ball-Milling of Co3O4 Nano/Microspheres and Carbon Black Endorsed LaMnO3 Perovskite Catalyst for Bifunctional Oxygen Electrocatalysis." Catalysts 11, no. 1 (January 7, 2021): 76. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal11010076.

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Developing a highly stable and non-precious, low-cost, bifunctional electrocatalyst is essential for energy storage and energy conversion devices due to the increasing demand from the consumers. Therefore, the fabrication of a bifunctional electrocatalyst is an emerging focus for the promotion and dissemination of energy storage/conversion devices. Spinel and perovskite transition metal oxides have been widely explored as efficient bifunctional electrocatalysts to replace the noble metals in fuel cell and metal-air batteries. In this work, we developed a bifunctional catalyst for oxygen reduction and oxygen evolution reaction (ORR/OER) study using the mechanochemical route coupling of cobalt oxide nano/microspheres and carbon black particles incorporated lanthanum manganite perovskite (LaMnO3@C-Co3O4) composite. It was synthesized through a simple and less-time consuming solid-state ball-milling method. The synthesized LaMnO3@C-Co3O4 composite was characterized by scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) analysis, X-ray diffraction spectroscopy, and micro-Raman spectroscopy techniques. The electrocatalysis results showed excellent electrochemical activity towards ORR/OER kinetics using LaMnO3@C-Co3O4 catalyst, as compared with Pt/C, bare LaMnO3@C, and LaMnO3@C-RuO2 catalysts. The observed results suggested that the newly developed LaMnO3@C-Co3O4 electrocatalyst can be used as a potential candidate for air-cathodes in fuel cell and metal-air batteries.

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Beall, Casey Elizabeth, Emiliana Fabbri, Nataša Diklić, Dino Aegerter, Sena Yüzbasi, Adam Hugh Clark, Thomas Graule, Maarten Nachtegaal, and Thomas J. Schmidt. "Investigating Perovskite Oxide Catalysts As Bifunctional Oxygen Electrodes Using Operando XAS." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2022-01, no. 34 (July 7, 2022): 1377. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2022-01341377mtgabs.

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With the increase in renewable energy usage comes the need for energy storage systems due to intermittency issues. Hydrogen storage systems have been identified as one solution. Unitized regenerative fuel cells (URFC) combine electrolyzers and fuel cells in one device, allowing electricity to be stored and used easily. However, the oxygen electrodes are still affected by high overpotentials and slow kinetics. Perovskite oxides have been identified as a class of materials, which are low-cost, tunable, and active for the oxygen reduction (ORR) and evolution (OER) reactions. Here, we investigate perovskites as bifunctional catalysts for ORR and OER in alkaline solution. We examine and compare two strategies for bifunctional catalysts: using one catalyst, which is able to perform OER and ORR vs. a combination of two catalysts, one active for ORR and one active for OER. Frequently, the catalysts’ performances for these two reactions are measured separately.1,2,3 Here, we investigate how these bifunctional catalysts respond to cycling between the OER and ORR regions. Ba0.5Sr0.5Co0.8Fe0.2O3 (BSCF) is known to be a promising OER catalyst.4,5,6 However, without carbon, it lacks ORR activity.4 La(1-x)SrxMnO3 (LSM) is a promising ORR catalyst.3,7 However, without modification, it has been shown to have limited OER activity.3 Separately, these catalysts lack high performance for both reactions. Here, we combine the two catalysts into a BSCF/LSM/Carbon composite electrode and compare to electrodes prepared from the constituent single material components. In addition, we have synthesized single material perovskites containing both Co and Mn that to the best of our knowledge have never been tested as electrodes for ORR/OER. In order to understand the catalysts’ behaviors under OER and ORR conditions, X-ray adsorption spectroscopy (XAS) was measured continuously while performing cyclic voltammetry. We were able to monitor the continuous changes of the Co, Mn, and Fe oxidation states and local environment during OER and ORR with remarkably high time/applied potential resolution. Our findings illustrate the reversible and irreversible changes that can occur during OER and ORR and provide strategies for future bifunctional catalyst design. References Kirsanova, M. A.; Okatenko, V. D.; Aksyonov, D. A.; Forslund, R. P.; Mefford, J. T.; Stevenson, K. J.; Abakumov, A. M. Bifunctional OER/ORR Catalytic Activity in the Tetrahedral YBaCo 4 O 7.3 Oxide. Mater. Chem. A 2019, 7 (1), 330–341. Elumeeva, K.; Masa, J.; Sierau, J.; Tietz, F.; Muhler, M.; Schuhmann, W. Perovskite-Based Bifunctional Electrocatalysts for Oxygen Evolution and Oxygen Reduction in Alkaline Electrolytes. Acta 2016, 208, 25–32. Xu, W.; Apodaca, N.; Wang, H.; Yan, L.; Chen, G.; Zhou, M.; Ding, D.; Choudhury, P.; Luo, H. A-Site Excessive (La0.8Sr0.2)1+ XMnO3 Perovskite Oxides for Bifunctional Oxygen Catalyst in Alkaline Media. ACS Catal. 2019, 9 (6), 5074–5083. Fabbri, E.; Nachtegaal, M.; Cheng, X.; Schmidt, T. J. Superior Bifunctional Electrocatalytic Activity of Ba 0.5 Sr 0.5 Co 0.8 Fe 0.2 O 3-δ /Carbon Composite Electrodes: Insight into the Local Electronic Structure. Energy Mater. 2015, 5 (17), 1402033. Fabbri, E.; Nachtegaal, M.; Binninger, T.; Cheng, X.; Kim, B.-J.; Durst, J.; Bozza, F.; Graule, T.; Schäublin, R.; Wiles, L.; Pertoso, M.; Danilovic, N.; Ayers, K. E.; Schmidt, T. J. Dynamic Surface Self-Reconstruction Is the Key of Highly Active Perovskite Nano-Electrocatalysts for Water Splitting. Mater. 2017, 16 (9), 925–931. Kim, B. J.; Fabbri, E.; Abbott, D. F.; Cheng, X.; Clark, A. H.; Nachtegaal, M.; Borlaf, M.; Castelli, I. E.; Graule, T.; Schmidt, T. J. Functional Role of Fe-Doping in Co-Based Perovskite Oxide Catalysts for Oxygen Evolution Reaction. Am. Chem. Soc. 2019, 141 (13), 5231–5240. Tulloch, J.; Donne, S. W. Activity of Perovskite La1−xSrxMnO3 Catalysts towards Oxygen Reduction in Alkaline Electrolytes. Power Sources 2009, 188 (2), 359–366.

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Chen, Jeng-Lung, Sheng-Yuan Feng, Chih-Jung Lu, and Jing-Fang Huang. "Janus Ru/RuO2 nano-boomerangs on carbon as pH-universal electrocatalysts with bifunctional activity toward the hydrogen/oxygen evolution reaction." Chemical Engineering Journal 468 (July 2023): 143761. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2023.143761.

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8

T, Saranya, Kowsalya Mathialagan, Ditty Dixon, Aiswarya Bhaskar, and S. T. Nishanthi. "MOF-Derived Nanoporous Carbon As an Efficient Bifunctional Oxygen Electrocatalyst for Erzabs." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2022-02, no. 4 (October 9, 2022): 508. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2022-024508mtgabs.

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Zinc-air batteries are cost-effective batteries that possess a high energy density (1086 Wh Kg-1), compared to other conventional battery systems. In order to improve the electrochemical performance of electrically rechargeable zinc-air batteries (ERZABs), an effective bifunctional oxygen electrocatalyst is required. Hence, the development of non-noble metal bifunctional catalysts for ORR and OER is of prime importance. The transition metal-based catalysts have increasing demand since they are promising alternatives, in terms of cost and durability, to noble metal catalysts. Metal-organic frameworks (MOF) based catalysts show high catalytic activity due to adjustable pore size, ultra-high surface area, and structural designability[1].Increasing porosity can augment the catalytic activity by increasing the surface area, thereby enhancing the ORR kinetics. In the present work, a CFZ-NPC (CoFeZn-MOF derived nanoporous carbon) was synthesized via hydrothermal method and investigated as a bifunctional catalyst for rechargeable zinc-air batteries[2]. The catalyst shows a high electrochemical activity towards oxygen reduction reaction with a half-wave potential of 830 mV vs. RHE and a comparable oxygen evolution activity (overpotential of 379 mV vs. RHE at 10 mA cm-2 ) with IrO2 (Over potential of 377 mV at 10 mA cm-2). The binder-free CFZ-NPC air electrode when applied into a Zinc-air battery system, delivers a low charge-discharge potential gap of 862 mV at 5 mA cm-2. Interestingly, the catalyst possesses an excellent electrochemical performance in the electrically rechargeable Zn-air battery over 1000 cycles at selected DOD for 157 h with a specific capacity of 890 mAh g(Zn) -1 without much efficiency drop. Financial support from Department of Science and Technology, Govt. of India under research grant number DST/TMD/MECSP/2K17/20 is gratefully acknowledged References; [1] Ren, Shuangshuang et al. 2020. “Bifunctional Electrocatalysts for Zn-Air Batteries: Recent Developments and Future Perspectives.” Journal of Materials Chemistry A 8(13): 6144–82. [2] Tang, Jing et al. 2016. “Bimetallic Metal-Organic Frameworks for Controlled Catalytic Graphitization of Nano porous Carbons.” Nature Publishing Group (April): 1-8.

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9

Labbe, Matthew, Ken Cadien, and Douglas G. Ivey. "Atomic Layer Deposition of Highly Stable Manganese-Iron Oxide Bifunctional Catalysts for Zinc-Air Batteries." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2022-01, no. 3 (July 7, 2022): 457. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2022-013457mtgabs.

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Incorporating intermittent renewable energy sources into the power grid will require large amounts of grid-scale energy storage. Electrochemical batteries are a versatile and scalable energy storage option and, hence, Li-ion batteries have been widely adopted to store excess wind and solar energy [1]. Li-ion batteries, however, have a relatively low energy density and serious safety concerns. An alternative electrochemical battery option lies with zinc-air batteries. This technology uses lower cost materials and is overall much safer. Furthermore, zinc-air batteries have a much larger theoretical energy density than Li-ion batteries [2]. The major impediment to wide-scale adoption of zinc-air batteries is the low energy efficiency because of the poor reaction kinetics at the air electrode. Both the charge and discharge reactions at the air electrode are sluggish and require the use of catalysts to obtain practicable performance. However, many catalysts active towards the charge reaction are not active towards the discharge reaction, and vice versa. The development of a catalyst active towards both the charge and discharge reactions, known as a bifunctional catalyst, is therefore a high priority [3]. Furthermore, catalysts employed in zinc-air batteries often show instability, with performance degradation evident after a few cycles. Ultimately, a highly stable bifunctional zinc-air battery catalyst is of the utmost importance. The aim of this work is to develop highly stable bifunctional catalysts for zinc-air batteries using atomic layer deposition (ALD). With ALD, extremely conformal catalyst coatings can be deposited directly on the air electrode of a zinc-air battery. The self-limiting surface reactions of ALD ensure that electrode porosity is maintained while maximizing the total coating surface area [4]. Since ALD operates in the gas phase, catalytic coatings can be deposited deep within the pores of the air electrode. This will help maintain the three-phase boundary necessary for the discharge reaction and ultimately improve the stability of a zinc-air battery [5]. To create a bifunctional catalyst, two ALD processes, one for manganese oxide and another for iron oxide, is combined into one ALD supercycle, depositing a mixed manganese-iron oxide. Since manganese oxide is a well-established discharge catalyst [6], and iron oxide demonstrates activity towards the charge reaction [7], this mixed manganese-iron oxide exhibits bifunctional activity in a zinc-air battery. An optimized supercycle process will be discussed and full-cell battery test results showcased. Specifically, the bifunctional efficiency of a zinc-air battery can be improved by more than 10% by using the mixed manganese-iron oxide catalyst. In addition, the high stability of the manganese-iron oxide catalyst is demonstrated, where bifunctional efficiency can be maintained at over 95% of the initial value over 200 cycles. Materials characterization of the mixed manganese-iron oxide, deposited through ALD, is also included. [1] L. Trahey, F. R. Brushett, N. P. Balsara, G. Ceder, L. Cheng, Y. M. Chiang, N. T. Hahn, B. J. Ingram, S. D. Minteer, J. S. Moore, K. T. Mueller, L. F. Nazar, K. A. Persson, D. J. Siegel, K. Xu, K. R. Zavadil, V. Srinivasan, and G. W. Crabtree, “Energy Storage Emerging: A Perspective from the Joint Center for Energy Storage Research,” Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A., vol. 117, no. 23, pp. 12550–12557, 2020. [2] J. Fu, R. Liang, G. Liu, A. Yu, Z. Bai, L. Yang, and Z. Chen, “Recent Progress in Electrically Rechargeable Zinc – Air Batteries,” Adv. Mater., vol. 31, no. 31, p. 1805230, 2019. [3] E. Davari and D. G. Ivey, “Bifunctional electrocatalysts for Zn – air batteries,” Sustain. Energy Fuels, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 39–67, 2018. [4] C. Detavernier, J. Dendooven, S. Pulinthanathu Sree, K. F. Ludwig, and J. A. Martens, “Tailoring nanoporous materials by atomic layer deposition,” Chem. Soc. Rev., vol. 40, no. 11, pp. 5242–5253, 2011. [5] M. P. Clark, M. Xiong, K. Cadien, and D. G. Ivey, “High Performance Oxygen Reduction/Evolution Electrodes for Zinc − Air Batteries Prepared by Atomic Layer Deposition of MnOx,” ACS Appl. Energy Mater., vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 603–313, 2020. [6] M. P. Clark, T. Muneshwar, M. Xiong, K. Cadien, and D. G. Ivey, “Saturation Behavior of Atomic Layer Deposition MnOx from Bis(Ethylcyclopentadienyl) Manganese and Water: Saturation Effect on Coverage of Porous Oxygen Reduction Electrodes for Metal-Air Batteries,” ACS Appl. Nano Mater., vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 267–277, 2019. [7] M. Labbe, M. P. Clark, Z. Abedi, A. He, K. Cadien, and D. G. Ivey, “Atomic layer deposition of iron oxide on a porous carbon substrate via ethylferrocene and an oxygen plasma,” Surf. Coatings Technol., vol. 421, p. 127390, 2021.

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10

Zhu, Jingyi, Tao Qu, Fengmei Su, Yuqi Wu, Yao Kang, Kunfeng Chen, Yaochun Yao, et al. "Highly dispersed Co nanoparticles decorated on a N-doped defective carbon nano-framework for a hybrid Na–air battery." Dalton Transactions 49, no. 6 (2020): 1811–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9dt04073k.

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11

Hong, Jeong Hoo, Jin Koo Kim, Dae Soo Jung, and Yun Chan Kang. "Synthetic strategy for graphitized carbon hollow nanospheres with nano-punched hole decorated with bimetallic selenide as efficient bifunctional electrocatalysts for rechargeable Li-O2 batteries." Journal of Materials Chemistry A, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d3ta02027d.

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The development of efficient bifunctional electrocatalysts is important for improving the electrochemical performance of Li–O2 batteries (LOBs). Herein, porous graphitized carbon hollow nanospheres (denoted PGHs) with nano-punched hole containing suitable...

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12

T, Li, Sun H, and Shi Q. "Nano-Sized Double Perovskite Oxide as Bifunctional Oxygen Electrocatalysts." Annals of Materials Science & Engineering 5, no. 2 (November 2, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.26420/annmaterialsscieng.2021.1044.

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Double perovskite oxide La2Co0.5Fe0.5MnO6-d is synthesized by the moltensalt- assisted method with Nano-sized particles (≈55 nm). The as-obtained La2Co0.5Fe0.5MnO6-d exhibits obviously enhanced electro catalytic activities towards oxygen evolution reaction and oxygen reduction reaction compared to the counterpart La2CoMnO6-d. This work provides a simple method to synthesize Nano-sized double perovskite oxide as superior electro catalysts for energy conversion.

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Li, Tianjing, Wei Guo, and Qingle Shi. "Nano-Sized Double Perovskite Oxide as Bifunctional Oxygen Electrocatalysts." International Journal of Electrochemical Science, March 2023, 100103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijoes.2023.100103.

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14

Manjunath, Vishesh, Santosh Bimli, Rathindranath Biswas, Pravin N. Didwal, Krishna K. Haldar, Mangesh Mahajan, Nishad G. Deshpande, Preeti A. Bhobe, and Rupesh S. Devan. "Experimental investigations on morphology controlled bifunctional NiO nano-electrocatalysts for oxygen and hydrogen evolution." International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, September 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2022.09.054.

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Wang, Jingyun, Wei Li, Yanhong Li, and Aisheng Huang. "Space‐Confined Growth of Co₉S₈ Nanoparticles in Covalent Organic Framework‐Derived Porous Carbon for Efficient Bifunctional Oxygen Electrocatalysis." Advanced Sustainable Systems, August 21, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adsu.202300301.

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AbstractFine regulation of the physicochemical structure of carbon‐based electrocatalysts to optimize the adsorption energies of oxygen intermediates is critically important to enhance the reaction kinetics of the oxygen evolution/reduction reaction (OER/ORR) but remains a huge challenge. Herein, nano‐space confined growth of Co9S8 nanoparticles (NPs) in porous carbon is realized through an in situ confined growth strategy by using thiol‐chains functionalized COF (COF‐S‐SH) as a confined template. COF‐S‐SH is used as binding sites to immobilize Co ions to improve the interaction between metal nanoparticles (NPs) and carbon skeletons, and simultaneously serves as a confined void to avoid the aggregation metal NPs. Impressively, as an efficient bifunctional catalyst, the resulting Co9S8/COF‐S800 shows significantly enhanced oxygen electrocatalysis with a small OER‐ORR voltage gap of 0.76 V, vastly superior to that of pristine COF‐S800. Furthermore, the assembled Zn–air battery with Co9S8/COF‐S800 catalyst displays a high peak power density of 181.5 mW cm−2 and great durability over 60 h charge–discharge cycles.

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Zhang, Yuqi, Haobo Liu, Riyue Ge, Jack Yang, Sean Li, Yang Liu, Lingyan Feng, Ying Li, Mingyuan Zhu, and Wenxian Li. "Mo-induced in-situ architecture of NixCoyP/Co2P heterostructure nano-networks on nickel foam as bifunctional electrocatalysts for overall water splitting." Sustainable Materials and Technologies, June 2022, e00461. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.susmat.2022.e00461.

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Wang, Wei, Liqin Li, Jie Ouyang, Jialin Gong, Jie Tian, Liang Chen, Junlin Huang, Binhong He, and Zhaohui Hou. "CoS2/N,S co-doped mesoporous carbon with 3D micro-nano crosslinked structure as efficient bifunctional oxygen electrocatalysts for zinc-air batteries." Chinese Chemical Letters, June 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cclet.2022.06.020.

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Guan, Guoxiang, Jie Huang, Ming Chen, Juan Xia, Chao Wan, and Xing Qian. "WS2-doped CuCo2S4 hollow nano-prisms as high-efficiency Pt-free bifunctional electrocatalysts for dye-sensitized solar cell and acid hydrogen evolution reaction." Applied Surface Science, June 2022, 153989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2022.153989.

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Guan, Guoxiang, Jie Huang, Ming Chen, Juan Xia, Chao Wan, and Xing Qian. "Ws2-Doped Cuco2s4 Hollow Nano-Prisms as High-Efficiency Pt-Free Bifunctional Electrocatalysts for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell and Acid Hydrogen Evolution Reaction." SSRN Electronic Journal, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4064459.

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Li, Mengqiu, Ze Xu, Yuting Li, Juan Wang, and Qin Zhong. "In situ fabrication of cobalt/nickel sulfides nanohybrid based on various sulfur sources as highly efficient bifunctional electrocatalysts for overall water splitting." Nano Select, May 18, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nano.202100155.

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