Academic literature on the topic 'Bidonvilles – Politique publique'
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Journal articles on the topic "Bidonvilles – Politique publique"
Perraudin, Anna. "Thomas Aguilera, Gouverner les illégalismes urbains. Les politiques publiques face aux squats et aux bidonvilles dans les régions de Paris et de Madrid." Métropoles, no. 24 (July 22, 2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/metropoles.6865.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Bidonvilles – Politique publique"
Merville-Boudjema, Lison. "(Dé)faire les "campements roms" : Analyse des processus de catégorisation des habitant-es des bidonvilles à l'oeuvre dans l'action publique." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Côte d'Azur, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023COAZ2039.
Full textThe general approach of this thesis is to study the way in which spaces known as squats, shanty towns and illegal encampments are administered by the public authorities and, by extension, their inhabitants, in the light of the study of the housing category 'Roma encampments' that was defined by a circular on 5 August 2010. The analysis of the implementation of the management and eviction of these spaces is based on an ethnography of shantytowns initiated in 2012 in various French cities and particularly in the city of Marseille, as well as on interviews, various forms of observation and the analysis of grey literature. From the development of public policies to their implementation by state-operated associations in the city of Marseille (with a focus on the year 2020), this thesis analyses public action at the local level in order to propose an interpretation of the national situation. By looking at the way in which certain types of precarious housing identified as illicit or even illegal are named and classified, this work sheds light on the ways in which the residents of these areas are categorised. What is formulated as a housing policy actually administers the people who live there, i.e. the people designated as Roma in the 2010 circular. The thesis highlights the fact that the process of labelling these spaces as 'squats', 'shanty towns', 'encampments' and also 'copropriété dégradée' by the public authorities tells us little about the nature of these spaces (the materials of which they are made, their legality or their longevity), but is part of a process of categorising the people who live there. Not all people perceived as Roma living in shantytowns in Marseille are subject to the same logic for classifying their housing, and thus to the same implementation of social monitoring enabling access to certain rights: depending on nationality, language(s) and administrative status, public policy does not take on the same aspect, both in terms of its social aspect (social monitoring based on the social diagnosis set out in the 2012 circular) and its security aspect (housing evictions and deportation from the French territory). This thesis aims to contribute to the debate around the way in which so-called Roma migrants are categorised in France by looking at the social relations of race, gender and class at work in the administration of precarious housing known as squats, shanty towns and encampments
Scharager, Andrés. "Judiciarisation, politique et conflit social. Résistances et controverses dans un processus de relocalistaion de bidonvilles à Buenos Aires (2008-2018)." Thesis, Tours, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019TOUR1501.
Full textThe goal of this thesis is to analyze the conflicts and controversies aroused during the implementation of judicialized policies, in the analytical crossroads between juridical, social and political-institutional logics. Ultimately, I examine judicialization’s far-reaching effects on the ways in which conflicts develop and public action is produced. Based on the case of a relocation process ordered by a judge in Buenos Aires, three specific goals are pursued. First, I analyze the juridical controversies aroused during the appearance of the resolutions that ordered the relocation policies. Second, I characterize the socio-territorial conflicts that took place during the implementation of the resettlements with regard to the strategies undertaken by those affected by those policies and their defendants in order to keep up their demands. Third, I examine the devices and institutional mechanisms created by the convicted government to apply the policies ordered by the judiciary, while identifying their limits and potentials for the channeling of conflicts. Ultimately, the sum of these goals enhances the understanding of how the relocation of the population, which was born as a judicial problem, changed by institutionalizing and territorializing
Aguilera, Thomas. "Gouverner les illégalismes urbains : les politiques publiques face aux squats et aux bidonvilles dans les régions de Paris et de Madrid." Thesis, Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015IEPP0016.
Full textAddressing the issue of ungovernability of squats and illegal settlements in the Capital Regions of Paris and Madrid, the thesis explains the mechanisms of differential government of housing illegalisms since the sixties. The thesis shows that squats and illegal slums are governed, but in a discontinuous way and by diverse forms of policies. It demonstrates that ungovernability is built by public actors in order to justify alternatively inaction and policies of exception. Ungovernability is a discursive repertory that justifies the disengagement of policies. But it is also a mode of governance that supports emergency policies, implemented by police agencies and NGOs, and that allows policy makers to set up only local and temporary rehousing and social programs. However, as policy makers are rent-seekers, when they find interests to become leaders of the competitive multilevel urban governance, they activate agendas and implement institutionalized and autonomous policies. They create specific administrations, instruments and budgets. Policies select and constraint beneficiaries and evict victims. Thus, policies produce as much illegality as they resolve it. Beside these invariants produced by the sui generis own effects of policy instruments, the thesis identifies four key variables whose combinations explain the policy outcomes diversity: the level of institutionalization, the sectorial logics, the scale of actions, and the behavior of targeted groups who participate to the instruments conception. Squatters and slum dwellers resist, they neutralize constraints and divert resources
Sachs, Céline. "Évolution et limites de la promotion publique de logements populaires à São Paulo (1964-1985)." Paris 12, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA120026.
Full textEconomic growth through inequality brought about in sao paulo a deterioration in the housing conditions of low-income population, notwithstanding the existence of a powerful instrument of public intervention in housing, geared to the construction of new dwellings sold in private ownership and financed through voluntary and compulsory people's savings. About three quarters of dwellings affordable to the low-income population are still produced outside the legal, technical and administrative norms in irregular subdivisions, favelas (squatter settlements) and corticos (slums). The analysis of federal policies and the evaluation of public housing accomplishments in sao paulo leads to the identification of obstacles related to the political, economic and social model. These structural limitations are compunded by the ill functioning due to an overcentralized institutional framework. In spite of their as yet pilote stage and of modest quantitative results, programmes of social housing inspired by the reformist option, based on assisted self-help construction and mutirao (mutual aid), provide a clue for the reformulation of public policies in the realm of low-income housing
Ott, Thomas. "Les ingouvernables : la faillite du gouvernement des roms en bidonvilles : Lyon, 2005-2012." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LYO20008.
Full textThis work deals with slums management local policies in Lyon between 2005 and 2012. I tried to interrogate what is leading to think roma’s slums situation as a specific and unmanageable situation. This specificity lead constantly to question roma people rather than the management’s policies of the situation. It produce roma people as not governed people or, as i said, « the ungovernables ». The problem is not obvioulsy roma’s problem, but a problem concerning the operation of social life and our own relation with these situations. Speaking about « occupation » when a settlement is occuring in the city’s cracks, I asked what is « occupying » us so much when roma occupy a plot of our city. I wanted to show with wich repetition and insistance we are binding on this strange and foreign presence. I tried to show how much it is necessary for the observers and actors of the situation to indentify, to distinguish and to establish what is going on and what is going over the expectations of conformation, wich are defining the contemporary governmentality. That is what i tried to document it as moments of « governmentality’s failure of roma’s slums».The purpose of this work is what it is « ungovernable » in any kind of situation. What resists to the governement of squats and slums situations is not a population in particular, but the impossibility to consider one with assertivness and effectivness. The problem is not to know how roma people are doing to be unidentified at this point but what is leading to be necessary for the governement of the situation to establish what it is needed to intervene on. In other words, the question is the relation between the practice of governement and the production’s process of subjectivity, as well as objectivity : in wich way the practice of power produce an acting subject and how necessarily transparent and appropriate-to-recognition subjects and objects, when they disappear of the field of « visibility » to get « off the limelight » the field of the « indinstinguishables », are calling the practice of governement in question ?One of the central notions in this work is the notion of resistance : first of all, what resists is the possibility of objectivize these situations, wich is appearing in the tricky perception of the space or the body’s conditions in slums, or the difficulty of population census and precarious housing mapping in the whole city, in all cases the possibility to generalize and to understand globaly what happens ; then, what resists is situated in the management of a « crisis situation » as a slum, it is the « crisis » itself wich is instituion’s one who is imperfectly able to govern things, and in the same time the crisis of its ambition to state and order body’s and time’s of whom overflows the established framework ; finally, what resists lean on apparatus more than is opposed to, with some ways of operating recovering or keeping a « room for maneuver », situated in the edge of the domestic subjectivity where the contemporary governmentality try, with more or less succes, to invest
Delon, Margot. "Les incidences biographiques de la ségrégation : trajectoires et mémoires des enfants des bidonvilles et cités de transit de l’après-guerre en France." Thesis, Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017IEPP0012.
Full textWhat has become of children living in slums in Post-War France? Drawing from an investigation based on interviews, observations, archive work and statistics, I analyze in this dissertation the experiences and trajectories of individuals of Algerian, Moroccan and Portuguese descent who grew up in slums in Nanterre and Champigny-sur-Marne slums (Île-de-France region). I explain what it may have meant to live all these years in such a deprived, segregated and stigmatized form of housing and I insist on the diversity of residential experiences and of socialization effects. Indeed, previous slum children have known various trajectories and they don’t interpret this episode in the same way. Four profiles are analyzed: the reproduction of inequalities, the moderate mobilities, the reproduction of isolation, the upward trajectories. Two series of factor explain these differences. First, these families have first been targeted by national and local policies of housing and migration. By categorizing and treating differently slums depending on their inhabitants’ origins and on their location, these public policies have had very important short, mean and long time effects. Second, the trajectories have also been formed by their parents’ pre-migration resources and dispositions and by the relational contexts they evolved in while being in slums
Collet, Victor. "Du bidonville à la cité : les trois âges des luttes pro-immigrés : une sociohistoire à Nanterre (1957-2011)." Thesis, Paris 10, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA100161.
Full textEnd of the 50's. Nanterre, communist stronghold and immigration land. Land of struggles. The politicized workers and communist activists encounter the Algerian conflict and the slums where thousands of migrants from Algeria, Morocco and Portugal are living. In response to the marginalization of these "Nanterriens" from abroad and the special status imposed upon them, a cause des étrangers emerges.This dissertation explores the various "stages" of that cause, linking them to the handling of the issue by the municipal authorities. Social history and the long term collective action review those often forgotten struggles of the immigration, from the slums to the involvement in today's cités, and question the relationship between the political domain and the social movement. Sociohistory shifts the focus to the gap between past and present, from the pioneering assessment of problems by christian activists, through the post-68 leftist radicalization of the cause of migrant workers, to the present day fragmentation into specific engagements: in the socio-cultural field, at the cité level, promoting a positive memory of immigration or diversité in politics, in support of the étrangers or their country of origin. It highlights a major change in the activist arena: the unradicalization and the growth of grassroots initiatives, which echo at the beginning of the 80's the de-coupling of support to the immigrés (already settled) and defence of the étrangers (newly arrived). This is also the time when the children of immigrés take things in their own hands to put an end to the last remnants of the "French ghetto" where they have been relegated: the cités de transit
Ninnin, Justine. "Sortir des favelas de Rio de Janeiro d'une situation d'exception : sécurisation et territorialisation de l'action publique : l'exemple de Rocinha et de Vigidal." Thesis, Paris 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA010682.
Full textAs host city of the FIFA World Cup in 2014 and Olympic Games in 2016, municipality of Rio de Janeiro seeks to respond to international expectations in terms of urban planning and security. Favelas, which have often been considered as an « urban problem », are at the heart of the public actions. Despite several eradication attempts during the military dictatorship, especially in wealthy areas of the city, the favelas have increased and are now subject of security and urbanization policies. For efficiency, public policies are rethought in a territorialised way, reinforcing public-private partnerships and the participation of the civil society. It pretends to remove the favelas of a situation of exception by introducing standards and urban amenities similar to formal neighborhoods (infrastructure, equipment, services, etc.). With very high crime rates, security is a challenge for the city. In 2008, the Public Security Secretariat of the State of Rio de Janeiro developed the so-called “pacification” policy, aiming at regaining control of the territories dominated by criminal groups, and at improving relations between the population and the police force, with the establishment of permanent Police Pacification Units (UPP). If the living conditions in the favelas are improving, these new public actions, however, show contrasted results : a new outbreak of confrontations in pacified favelas, between traffickers and police officers has contributed to reinforcing the feeling of insecurity of favelas residents. Moreover, valuation process and even gentrification, observed in some pacified favelas open up new opportunities to residents, but because of the price increase some of them are forced to move away. More generally, acceleration of urban transformations in the context of mega-events could modify the socio- spatial organization of the city (population displacements; transport infrastructure works, sports facilities construction, etc.). Focusing more specifically on two recently pacified favelas, Rocinha and Vidigal, located near wealthiest and most tourist areas of Rio de Janeiro, we seek to highlight the socio- spatial transformations and the effects of territorialised public actions
Como cidade-sede da Copa do Mundo FIFA em 2014 e dos Jogos Olímpicos em 2016, a municipalidade do Rio de Janeiro procura atender as expectativas internacionais em termos de planejamento urbano e de segurança. No centro das ações publicas se encontram áreas que foram consideradas durante muito tempo como um " problema urbano " : as favelas. Apesar de várias tentativas de erradicação na época da ditadura, especialmente nas áreas mais ricas da cidade, elas multiplicaram-se e são agora objeto de políticas de segurança e urbanização. Para mais eficiência, as políticas públicas se territorializam, e promovem parcerias público-privadas e a participação da sociedade civil. Trata-se da saída das favelas duma situação de exceção através da introdução de normas e amenidades urbanas semelhantes aos bairros formais (infra-estruturas, equipamentos, serviços, etc.). Com índices de criminalidade muito altos, a segurança é um desafio para a cidade. Assim, desde 2008, uma nova política de segurança está sendo implantada : a pacificação, para tentar recuperar territórios dominados por grupos criminosos e melhorar as relações entre a população e a polícia através de uma ocupação permanente das Unidades de Polícia Pacificadora (UPP). Se as condições de vida nas favelas estão melhorando, essas novas ações públicas, no entanto, mostram resultados contrastados : o aumento de confrontos entre a polícia e traficantes em algumas favelas pacificadas contribuiu para reforçar o sentimento de insegurança dos moradores. Além disso, o processo de valorização até mesmo de gentrificação, observado em algumas favelas pacificadas iria oferecer novas oportunidades para alguns moradores, mas por causa do aumento dos preços, algums deles têm que se remover. Dum modo mais geral, as accelerações das transformações urbanas no contexto dos mega-eventos pode modificar a organização sócio-espacial da cidade (remoções, obras de infra-estrutura de transporte, construção de instalações esportivas, etc.). Centrando-se mais especificamente em duas favelas recentemente pacificadas, Rocinha e Vidigal, localizadas perto das áreas mais ricas e turísticas do Rio de Janeiro, procuramos destacar as transformações sócio-espaciais e os efeitos das ações públicas territorializadas
Gosselin, Anne-Sophie. "La danse à l’école des pauvres : projet politique d’intégration sociale des enfants des favelas : l’exemple d’une ONG à Fortaleza, Brésil." Thesis, Paris 10, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA100155/document.
Full textBased on an empirical approach, the object of study of this thesis focuses on the notion of poverty taking into consideration its body and political dimensions. Realised from 2006 to 2007 in a Brazilan dance school and NGO where Contemporary and Classical dance are taught to young people coming from the favelas of Fortaleza (large city of the Northeast of Brazil), ethnographic work constitutes a grounded basis that leads to theoretical questions concerning socialization and embodiment in the context of social work with populations said to be poor, excluded and marginalized. As part of an ideology of social integration, the art of choreography is transformed into an educational means to fight against social exclusion. Adopting a comprehensive approach, the ethnographic observation and the sociological analysis aim at demonstrating how dance can – or cannot – be the support of social integration and affiliation to educational institutions. In other words, how learning through the body experience can take part in the project of socialization of people from the favelas. Does learning dance allow – or not – an individual to create a “different” relation to the social world and to assist the individual being integrated into this social world? The ethnograhic observation highlights socialization processes mobilizing the body but also language and affect. Between the favela and the dance school, the analysis shows a plural socialization that leads to differentiated processes both complementary and conflicting. Surpassing the local reality observed, this study finally brings a larger reflection on the notions of integration and exclusion, poverty in the favelas, social policies and the actions of the NGOs on what is called the “margins” of Brazilian society
Cohen, Muriel. "Des familles invisibles : politiques publiques et trajectoires résidentielles de l'immigration algérienne (1945-1985)." Phd thesis, Université Panthéon-Sorbonne - Paris I, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01001023.
Full textBooks on the topic "Bidonvilles – Politique publique"
Securitization of Property Squatting in Europe Routledge Research in Urban Politics and Policy. Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2013.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Bidonvilles – Politique publique"
DUEZ, Jean-Baptiste. "Autour des projets d’insertion des « Roms »." In Pratiques de la diversité et de la citoyenneté, 109–24. Editions des archives contemporaines, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.17184/eac.5590.
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