Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Bidirectionnel'
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Rahmouni, Mohamed. "Conception d'un redresseur bidirectionnel synchrone." Thèse, Trois-Rivières : Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 2006. http://www.uqtr.ca/biblio/notice/resume/24761182R.pdf.
Rizk, Hiba. "Conception et réalisation d'un interrupteur bidirectionnel silicium pour des applications secteur : le transistor BipAC." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017TOU30213/document.
This thesis work deals with the design of an AC switch structure for specific ac mains applications 230V - 50 Hz. The targeted power level is about a hundred watts, and the currently used converter circuits make use of bidirectional switches that are realized using anti-series connected MOS transistors. Despite the improvements in performance provided by some of these structures, their fabrication cost is still high and limits their widespread diffusion in a market shared with the triac. We propose a current and voltage bidirectional bipolar device called a BipAC. It can be realized in an N-substrate (PNP BipAC) or a P-substrate (NPN BipAC). It can be controlled both to turn-on and turn-off with respect to a single reference electrode. It exhibits a very low on-state voltage that makes it attractive for specific mains applications with low load current (< 1A rms). The study of the BipAC structure is carried-out using 2D SentaurusTM physical simulations. In order to improve the current gain of the initial BipAC structure, a new version of the BipAC structure is proposed and its operating modes validated using 2D physical simulations (both process and electrical). Masks were then designed under CadenceTM software. The initial BipAC structure is realized on N and P substrates and for two different thicknesses. The operating modes of the monolithic bidirectional BipAC switch were validated through electrical characterizations
R'Mili, Mohamed. "Application de la mécanique de la rupture au composite carbone-carbone bidirectionnel." Lyon, INSA, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987ISALA028.
Svášek, Martin. "Définitions, élaboration et exploitation d'un corpus parallèle bidirectionnel français-tchèque tchèque français." Paris, INALCO, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007INAL0020.
At the beginning the concept of a parallel corpus is defined. French and Czech texts forming the parallel Fratchèque corpus come from literature; only texts after the year 1945 have been selected. Fratchèque is not marked up explicitly by XML tags because the tagging is not necessary for the proper functioning of the corpus manager ParaConc. The building-up of the corpus is thoroughly described following all steps and settings of the software used. The process starts with the optical character recognition program FineReader and, after checking the accuracy of numerical texts by using MS Word 2002, it goes on building up a corpus managed by ParaConc. The linguistic investigations of the thesis rely primarily on the realization of a parallel corpus. The main purpose is to tackle a phenomenon that is known in Czech as částice but has no direct equivalent in French. The most frequent terms used in the French approach are mots du discours and particules énonciatives. The existing descriptions suggest a close relationship between these words and the discourse. It is demonstrated on two Czech částice - přece, vždyt̕ and their variants - using huge Czech corpora (Analysis A) and Fratchèque (Analysis B). The study continues analysing systematically all kind of usage of vždyt̕, přece in order to present lexicographical description for a bilingual Czech-French dictionary. Through some exercices based on the results of the linguistic analysis it is shown how to use the bilingual corpus in teaching foreign languages. Finally, some issues concerning automatic evaluation of translation quality are discussed taking into account the work with částice
R'Mili, Mohamed. "Application de la mécanique de la rupture au composite carbonne-carbonne bidirectionnel." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1987. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37609415p.
Ihuel, François. "Etude et réalisation d'un interrupteur de puissance monolithique bidirectionnel sur substrat SOI." Thesis, Tours, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012TOUR4043/document.
This study deals with the realization of a prototype of a low losses monolithic bidirectional switch. It is based on a SOI symmetrical and lateral bipolar transistor with a thin, vertical and shielded base. The goal is to produce a switch which can be integrated to smart electronics functions. First, we compare the existing bidirectional solutions. We then introduce two bidirectional bipolar transistors: one with a wide base, easy to realize, and the other one, patented, symmetrical and lateral, using a SOI substrate, with a thin, vertical and shielded base. We compare these two devices and choose the novel and patented lateral bipolar transistor. We then discuss the challenge of its fabrication. We then detail a 1D analytical methodology allowing to define rapidly the key steps of the active area transistor realization. The study is then confirmed by finite element 2D numerical simulations (Sentaurus). Next, we discuss the periphery and metallization of the device. We detail the variant of process introduced. We finally show that this component is robust to masks misaligning during its fabrication. To the end, the transistors are realized and analyzed. We show that, initially, the segregation of dopants at SiO2 / Si interfaces implies a parasiting canal in parallel of the transistor. We then explain how to reduce these parasiting effects, to finally validate the concept of a symmetrical and lateral bipolar transistor on a SOI substrate, with a thin, vertical, shielded base
Morand, Julien. "Convertisseur bidirectionnel à haut rendement pour récupérateur d'énergie sur réseaux de transport urbain." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LYO10105.
The increasing growth of activity and traffic in city obligates users to reconsider their urban trips. In the past few years, we could notice a trend of shifting from polluted private vehicles to sustainable public transportation. In order to assist this transition, network operator extends consistently their lines and increase vehicles flow rate. Most of the newly added lines are dedicated for electric vehicle fed by an overhead catenary. This thesis work consists in designing a power converter tailor-made for energy recovery of electric urban traffic vehicles. A design process is proposed and applied on basis of the standard requirements in railway area and the specific needs of the application. As a result, an optimal layout using an innovating topology is obtained from our method. Then, this new topology is deeply study and two new modulation principles are presented. These control modes are compatibles each other and extended the capabilities of the converter. By gathering all the equation of the previous study, an assessment of the semiconductor losses is made and the overall efficiency is verified. At last, the applied waveforms on the magnetic components are examined. The initial selection of materials is finally verified with help of simulation
Tahir, Hakim. "Conception et réalisation de structures IGBTs bidirectionnelles en courant et en tension." Phd thesis, Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse III, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00634449.
Munoz-Jimenez, Vianney. "Estimation de mouvement par maillage déformable pour des applications de vidéoconférences à bas débits de transmission." Paris 13, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA132009.
This thesis studies the reduction of the inter-temporal redundancy available between images in a video sequence for videoconference applications at low bit-rate transmission. To overcome the drawbacks of traditional block matching algorithm, including low bit-rate transmission, we propose to better describe the motion of objects through the deformation of 2D rectangular mesh based on a hierarchical strategy. The selected 2D mesh is based on the content of the object using its edges. For its construction, we first developed an algorithm in order to adequately represent the object to follow in the scene. To increase the performance of our video encoder, the INTER coding mode that we developed is based on two classes of algorithms. The first one concerns the images of type B where the problem of motion estimation is solved using bidirectional prediction algorithm of the rectangular mesh based on spline interpolation functions. This motion estimation class does not require any cost coding. The second class of the developed algorithms concerns more specifically images of type P. This class, much more complex than the first one, adresses not only the motion estimation problem but also its compensation. Having the strong constraint of the coding cost, the proposed algorithm for motion estimation is based on the principle of merging hierarchical reference meshes. Moreover, to reduce the cost coding related to the node positions and their interconnections, we developed an algorithm which requires a very small budget binary to be transmitted to the decoder. Simulations show that the implementation of the proposed motion estimation algorithms oÿer good performance in terms of the quality of the decoded images for very low bit-rate transmission compared to the current video coder H. 264/AV C
Paquien, Lucien. "Transmetteur intégré bidirectionnel dédié à la 5G mmW dans un système de formation de faisceaux hybride et numérique." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Bordeaux, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024BORD0064.
The increasing demand for data rate for mobile telecommunications has led to the use of beamforming systems in order to notably limit the impact of free space propagation losses (FSPL) over the link budget, due to the elevation of the operating frequency. In order to be able to direct a directional beam concentrating the majority of the gain of the antenna array towards a given user, a large number of integrated radio frequency front-ends (RFFE) is necessary.Conventionally, 5G RFFEs generally consist of a low noise amplifier (LNA), and a power amplifier (PA). The latter are physically dissociated, and are alternatively addressed using a commuted element, in order to operate in time division duplexing (TDD). In this case, not only does the switched element involve losses and a significant silicon surface requirement, but also the RFFEs are only used half the time (due to TDD). Also, this large silicon area required must then be multiplied by the number of elements that constitutes the beamforming system. In addition, the spacing between each antenna constituting the antenna array being proportional to the wavelength, the latter could therefore reach higher operating frequencies if the RFFEs are miniaturized. In this work, a solution allowing the elimination of the need for a commuted element, as well as the merging of the LNA and PA is proposed, inducing a strong reduction in the silicon surface area required for the same operation that conventional architectures, using the GF 22nm CMOS FD-SOI technology. Although the design of millimeter functions (mmW) will be discussed, the frequency conversion aspect as well as the study of baseband functions will also be covered, including the design of a RF passive mixer, two reconfigurable second- and fourth-order active-RC low-pass filters, a variable gain amplifier (VGA), a 50Ω analog buffer, a double pole double throw (DPDT) switch, as well as a generation chain of quadrature signals, done from the combination of a hybrid coupler (HCPLR), and an external off-chip local oscillator (LO). The complete system will be simulated to demonstrate the relevancy of these structures regarding performances and required silicon surface, and axis for improvement will also be listed
Ren, Zheng. "Contribution au développement du transistor bipolaire à fort gain et d'un interrupteur bidirectionnel à quatre quadrants." Thesis, Tours, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018TOUR4031/document.
In order to meet the requirement of more efficient electrical energy management for intelligent buildings, a new 600V bidirectional switch, named as TBBS, has been proposed by the GREMAN laboratory. Previous studies have validated the current and voltage bidirectionality of this newly proposed topology. The research work carried out in this thesis deals with a deeper and more comprehensive study of this bidirectional switch and its elementary component - the High-gain bipolar juncion transistor. The first chapter introduces the operation of the TBBS and its physical modeling in a finite element simulation environment. The second chapter presentes the research work related to the experimental caracterisation of the TBBS and the High-gain bipolar junction transistor. At last the third chapter deals with the electrical modeling of these two bipolar components
Varrall, Kevin. "Etude expérimentale de l'écoulement de convection mixte à travers un orifice horizontal reliant deux compartiments." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016AIXM4314/document.
To answer to building issues and fire safety challenges, this thesis deals with the mixed convection flow through a horizontal orifice linking two compartments. The aim is to improve the understanding and modeling of the exchange of variable density gas through the opening. A small scale experimental study and a theoretical approach are proposed.The study is first focussed on the impact of the geometrical ratio L/D of the opening on the exchanged flow rate variation for free convection regime. Non-intrusive measurements of these flow rates, via the tracking of the interface between two non miscible liquids in an isothermal approach, and thanks to the SPIV in a thermal approach, permit to describe the bidirectional exchange process and to consolidate existing correlations.Experiments in mixed convection regime aim to study the impact of mechanical ventilation (in blowing and extracting mode) on the exchanged flow rates. The comparison between existing correlations and experimental data shows large differences. A change making the coorelation of Cooper 89 more accurate is proposed. A theoretical approach from the simplified Navier Stokes equations and with the Boussinesq approximation permits to discuss the construction of existing correlations. From this theory, a model more accurate than those available in the literature is proposed thanks to an adjustment of discharge coefficients from experimental data
Fortin, Pascal-André. "Impact de l'utilisation de composants au carbure de silicium sur la mise en oeuvre d'un chargeur bidirectionnel." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/10121.
Kalinowski, daniel. "Commande numérique d'un convertisseur direct bidirectionnel et d'un servomoteur à courant continu : étude, réalisation, modélisation, algorithmes, robustesse." Paris 11, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA112060.
Farhat, Hanna. "Mise au point d'un sondeur de canal bidirectionnel : Caractérisation du canal de propagation MIMO à 3, 5 GHz." Rennes, INSA, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009ISAR0016.
The mimo (multiple-input multiple-output) technique, using multiple antennas at emission and reception, are a good solution for wireless communication systems to improve data rates and quality of service. Mimo wireless technology has progressed from the stage of fundamental research to commercially available products within a decade. It was adopted by normalization groups of recent wireless communication systems (mobile, wmans, wlans, …). These new systems exploit the spatial dimension to transmit information. Thus, the implementation of these techniques permits to achieve a substantial improvement of digital link performance. However, the performance of mimo systems is very dependent on the propagation channel. In this context, the study of the transmission channel is crucial. In a classical configuration, the channel characterization and modeling can be limited to the time domain. It is necessary, in the case of mimo systems, to consider the spatial dimension as well as the time dimension. This thesis presents the design and the realization of a measurement system allowing a precise characterization of the mimo propagation channel. This wideband channel sounder is developed at 3. 5 ghz. This band is not widely studied in the literature, especially in the outdoor-to-indoor configuration. The wimax system will operate in this frequency band. The used approach is the double directional characterization of the propagation channel. We extended an existing mimo channel sounder to the 3. 5 ghz frequency band. Different antenna array architectures were developed. Thus, linear and circular antenna arrays were designed and ealized at 3. 5 ghz. These different architectures permit the measurements in various environments. Then, the multi-dimensional sage algorithm was developed. It is used to obtain better resolution when applied on measurement data. Finally, several measurement campaigns were conducted at 3. 5 ghz in different environments. In particular, the outdoor-to-indoor scenario was explored. The propagation data processing permits us to obtain the channel characteristics. The multipath parameters were extracted as the dod (direction of departure) and doa (direction of arrival). A comparison between measurement and simulation results was realized. It shows a good agreement and permits the interpretation of propagation physical phenomena. More measurement campaigns are needed to obtain realistic mimo channel models
Makana, Judith. "Les effets de l’approche de l’enseignement bidirectionnel sur les couples francophones vivant en situation linguistique minoritaire dans la région d’Ottawa dont un partenaire est atteint de l’insuffisance cardiaque : Une étude de cas." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/39029.
Durak, Oğuz Berke. "Automates WORM et collages de mots et d'images." Paris 7, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA077135.
Hamrit, Oussama. "Etude des pertes magnétiques dans les matériaux magnétiques destinés aux applications de transport en haute fréquence et sous champ bidirectionnel." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015SACLN003/document.
Iron losses in electrical machine applications are of paramount importance, an approximate estimation of these losses can easily lead to a thermally unsustainable solution, in this context, it is essential to get exactly the magnetic characteristics of the magnetic materials used, moreover, with the recent interest for high speed electrical machines (high frequency), It is important to characterize magnetic materials at high frequency. In this work, a high frequency characterizing system (1 T - 10 kHz) under unidirectional field has been proposed and magnetic losses models has been studied and discussed. Magnetic fields in electrical machines could be alternative in one direction, elliptical or circular. In this context, a characterization under rotating field and a magnetic loss model has been proposed. Finally, when stator steel sheets are cut all in one piece, the cutting direction with regard to the rolling direction will change from one tooth pitch to another, for that a study of the FeSi non oriented anisotropy has been performed
Klein, Sarah. "Application des outils de la physique statistique au transport intracellulaire." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016SACLS090/document.
Most processes in our daily life are far from equilibrium. The prime example is a cell and the transport occurring within. In this thesis intracellular transport is modeled by means of stochastic processes. For this, two different approaches are applied: the explicit mod- eling of active particles with internal degrees of freedom with characteristics as they were determined experimentally. And secondly, the collective effects occurring in many particle systems are studied in a phenomenological way by means of exclusion processes.In the explicit model one important result is given by the fact that force fluctuations are essential to capture the relevant motion characteristics. Further, the influence of the cellular environment creates counter-intuitive effects, like a possible inversion of the bias. The motion characteristics can be represented in a coarse-grained manner as an exclusion process for particles with internal states. Due to the resulting disorder in the hopping rates a density-dependent condensation occurs.In a second part, a two-lane exclusion model is studied. Two species in a tubular geometry inspired by filamentous fungi are considered.This can be seen as a minimal model exhibiting a phase transition from a low density phase to an intriguing phase with periodically changing particle densities
Salmi, Khaled. "Etude et réalisation d'un système de télémesures intracorporel bidirectionnel, intégré sur circuit A. S. I. C unique, associé à un nombre minimum de composants externes." Bordeaux 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000BOR10583.
Rossignol, Jean-Yves. "Sur des matériaux composites céramique-céramique à renfort bidirectionnel de fibres de carbone et à matrice hybride carbone-carbure ou carbone-nitrure élaborés par CVI." Bordeaux 1, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985BOR10560.
Becerra, Barrios Patricio Raul. "Contributions expérimentales sur l'écoulement au passage d'une ouverture horizontale en convection naturelle : application au désenfumage naturel des bâtiments." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019AIXM0257.
This work focuses on the study of the natural exchange flow through a horizontal vent located on the ceiling of an enclosure with a vertical opening at low-level. This exchange flow is controlled by both the buoyancy effects, due to a temperature difference between the fluid contained in the compartment and the outside, and the containment rate of the compartment, expressed by the ratio of the opening areas, aB in the lower part and aT at the vent. The flow through the vent has two characteristic regimes, unidirectional and bidirectional, depending on the ratio of the opening areas. A small-scale experimental study is conducted focusing on the problem of simultaneous filling and emptying of a naturally ventilated room subject to a source of buoyancy. The purpose is to characterize the transition and to make the link between these two regimes. First, the transition zone between the two types of flow is determined from the analysis of temperature signals collected within the horizontal opening coupled with laser observations. The established thermal results delineate the transition zone in a range of (aB / aT)crit ∈ [0.09,0.18]. Then, the vent flows are characterized using the stereo particle image velocimetry technique (SPIV) over a wide range of the ratio of the opening areas. Based on the flows measured by SPIV, a flow modelling at the vent is proposed to make the connection between a bidirectional regime for a confined condition (aB / aT = 0) and a unidirectional regime
Bourennane, Abdelhakim. "Etude et conception de structures bidirectionnelles en courant et en tension commandées par MOS." Toulouse 3, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004TOU30098.
This thesis work deals with the design of new MOS gated ac switch structures for ac mains applications, using functional integration. These devices are intended to replace the triac in ac mains applications. Indeed, the triac is a current controlled device requiring moderate amount of control power compared to voltage controlled devices. To develop new structures, the MOS controlled bidirectional devices proposed in the state of th art were analysed and their advantages as well as their drawbacks were highlighted. The first structure that we proposed is a MOS-riac that allows to have a triac structure with high input impedance and a voltage controlled structure. This structure is analysed using 2D simulations, designed, realised and we gave some experimental results. The second structure is a voltage and current bidirectional MOS-thyristor device. This structure uses a new type of triggering mode in the third quadrant of operation. Indeed, this mode of triggering is used for the first time in power semiconductor devices. To check that the lateral IGBT is capable of supplying the necessary current to turn-on the vertical thyristor, a lateral IGBT and a vertical thyristor were realised separately. The characterisation of these two components showed that it is possible to obtain the desired operation by integrating monolithically these two components. The third and last structure we proposed is also a bidirectional MOS controlled device. .
Labarre, Sébastien. "Caractérisation et modélisation de la rugosité multi-échelle des surfaces naturelles par télédétection dans le domaine solaire." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCC231/document.
Surface roughness is a key property of soils that controls many surface processes and influences the scattering function, or BRDF (Bidirectional Reflectance Distribution Function), of incident radiation. While it is strongly scale-dependent, it is often considered as a stationnary parameter in photometric models. In particular, it is included in the Hapke model as a mean slope angle, integrated over all scales from the grain size to the local topography. Yet its physical meaning is still a question at issue, as the scale at which it occurs is undefined. This thesis aims at understanding how this mean parameter can describe a multiscale phenomenon and to investigate the role of spatial scale on surface BRDF. Finally, we investigate the ability of the Hapke model to retrieve a roughness parameter which is consistent with the ground truth. The topography of volcanic and sedimentary terrains in the Piton de la Fournaise (Réunion Island) and the Asal-Ghoubbet rift (Republic of Djibouti) has been measured using high resolution photogrammetry at a wide range of resolutions thanks to multi-instrumental data : satellite, drone and handheld images. Simultaneously, the BRDF has been numerically simulated, and measured by satellite and a spectrogoniometer (named Chamelon). A multiscale analysis by the means of the wavelet transform reveals the multi-modal behavior of roughness and shows that sub-centimeter surface features dominate both the integrated parameter and the shape of the BRDF. The roughness estimated by inversion of a simplified version of the Hapke model matches the roughness determined over surfaces when the assumptions of the model are verified, with a priori knowledge on surface albedo. The match is not systematic, but remains good for moderately rough terrains using the full Hapke model
Authesserre, Jean-baptiste. "Alignement paramétrique d’images : proposition d’un formalisme unifié et prise en compte du bruit pour le suivi d’objets." Thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010BOR14136/document.
Parametric image alignment is a fundamental task of many vision applications such as object tracking, image mosaicking, video compression and augmented reality. To recover the motion parameters, direct image alignment works by optimizing a pixel-based difference measure between a moving image and a fixed-image called template. In the last decade, many efficient algorithms have been proposed for parametric object tracking. However, those approaches have not been evaluated for aligning images of low SNR (Signal to Noise ratio) such as images captured in low-light conditions. In this thesis, we propose a new formulation of image alignment called Bidirectional Framework for unifying existing state of the art algorithms. First, this framework allows us to produce new insights on existing approaches and in particular on the ESM (Efficient Second-order Minimization) algorithm. Subsequently, we provide a theoretical analysis of image noise on the alignment process. This yields the definition of two new approaches : the ACL (Asymmetric Composition on Lie Groups) algorithm and the BCL (Bidirectional Composition on Lie Groups) algorithm, which outperform existing approaches in presence of images of different SNR. Finally, experiments on synthetic and real images captured under low-light conditions allow to evaluate the new and existing approaches under various noise conditions
Baschenis, Félix. "Minimizing resources for regular word transductions." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017BORD0810/document.
The goal of this thesis was to study definability questionsabout finite-state transducers and in particular two-waytransducers. It is known that two-way transducers cover a larger classof transductions than one-way transducers. Then the first question wetackled is the one-way definability problem: is it possible torealize a given two-way transduction by a one-way transducer? Thisproblem was shown to be decidable for functionaltransducers (we also show as a side result that one-way definability becomes undecidable for non-functional transducers) but the decision procedure had non-elementary complexity.We proposed a characterization of one-way definability thatallows us to decide it in double-exponential space, and provide anequivalent one-way transducer of triple-exponential size. We firststudied this question for a restricted class, namely sweepingtransducers, for which the decision procedure and the construction ofthe one-way transducer take one less exponential. For suchtransducers, our procedure is optimal in the sense that we have shownthat there exists a family of functions that are one-way definable andfor which an equivalent one-way transducer requires doubly exponentialsize.The study of sweeping transducers raised other definability questions: Is a given transducer equivalent to some sweeping transducer? And to some sweeping transducer that performs at most k passes? We showed that those questions are decidable and the decision procedure, as well as the equivalent transducer, have the same complexity as in the one-way case. Moreover, as we have shown that there exists a bound on the number of passes required to realize a transduction by a sweeping transducer, we managed to obtain a procedure to minimize the number of passes of a sweeping transducer.Finally we tried to characterize sweeping transducers in other models for regular transductions such as Streaming String transducers (SST) and MSO transductions. As we obtained an equivalence between the number of passes of a sweeping transducer and the number of registers of the equivalent SST we provided a minimization procedure for the number of registers of a large class of SST's. To conclude, our work allowed us to provide a good overall understanding of the definability questions between the models for regular transductions and in particular regarding the resources, whether it is the number of passes (and of course one-way definability is crucial in that aspect) or the number of registers
Carnino, Vincent. "Autour des automates : génération aléatoire et contribution à quelques extensions." Thesis, Paris Est, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PEST1079/document.
The subject of this thesis is decided into three parts: two of them are about extensions of the classical model in automata theory, whereas the third one is about a more concrete aspect which consists in randomly generate automata with specific properties. We first give an extension of the universal automaton on finite words to infinite words. To achieve this, we define a normal form in order to take account of the specific acceptance mode of Büchi automata which recognize omega-langages. Then we define two kinds of omega-factorizations, a "regular" one and the "pure" kind, which are both extensions of the classical concept of factorization of a language. This let us define the universal automaton of an omega-language. We prove that it has all the required properties: it is the smallest Buchi automaton, in normal form, that recognizes the omega-language and which has the universal property. We also give an effective way to compute the "regular" omega-factorizations of a language using a prophetic automaton recognizing the language. In the second part, we deal with two-way automata weighted over a semi ring. First, we give a slightly different version of the computation of a weighted one-way automaton from a weighted two-way automaton and we prove that it preserves the non-ambiguity but not the determinism. We prove that non-ambiguous weighted two-way automata are equivalent to deterministic weighted one-way automata. In a later part, we focus on tropical semi rings (or min-+). We prove that two-way automata on N-min-+ are equivalent to one-way automata on N-min-+. We also prove that the behavior of two-way automata on Z-min-+ are not always defined and that this property is decidable whereas it is undecidable whether or not there exists a word on which the behavior is defined. In the last section, we propose an algorithm in order to randomly generate acyclic, accessible and determinist automata and minimal acyclic automata with an almost uniform distribution using Morkov chains. We prove the reliability of both algorithms and we explain how to adapt them in order to fit with constraints on the set of final states
Andrei, Ştefan. "Bidirectional parsing." [S.l. : s.n.], 2000. http://www.sub.uni-hamburg.de/disse/134/Disse.pdf.
Hogendorp, Jan Anne. "Controlled bidirectional grammars." Enschede : University of Twente [Host], 1990. http://doc.utwente.nl/58867.
Verma, Kumar Neeraj. "Automates d'arbres bidirectionnels modulo théories équationnelles." Cachan, Ecole normale supérieure, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003DENS0027.
Authesserre, Jean-Baptiste. "Alignement paramétrique d'images : proposition d'un formalisme unifié et prise en compte du bruit pour le suivi d'objets." Phd thesis, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux I, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00672589.
Tollenaere, Armelle. "Étude de la balance transcriptionnelle du rétrovirus HTLV-1 : identification d'un nouveau mécanisme de répression de la transcription antisens du rétrovirus HTLV-1 par la transcription sens Hijacking of the O-GlcNAcZYME complex by the HTLV-1 Tax oncoprotein facilitates viral transcription." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2019. https://wo.app.u-paris.fr/cgi-bin/WebObjects/TheseWeb.woa/wa/show?t=2091&f=16975.
HTLV-1 retrovirus infects mainly T CD4 lymphocytes and is the causative agent of Adult T cell Leukemia and an inflammatory pathology targeting the central nervous system named Tropical spastic paraparesis. The oncogenic properties of this virus lay in the expression of two oncoproteins, Tax and HBZ. Tax and all viral products except for HBZ are produced from the sense promoter of the virus located in the 5'LTR (Long Terminal Repeat). HTLV-1 antisense transcription leads to the synthesis of two transcripts one spliced, sHBZ, the other one unspliced, usHBZ. These two RNAs once translated give birth to two HBZ protein in which only a few amino acid differ in N-terminal extremity of the proteins. Tax and HBZ induce T lymphocytes proliferation, genomic abnormalities, lymphocytes immortalisation, ... Yet in leukemic cells, most of the time, Tax expression is lost, often by epigenetic repression of the 5'LTR. Thus even if Tax and HBZ actively take part in leukemic clones emergence, HTLV-1 transcriptional balance is deregulated in favor of HBZ at the final stage of transformation. In order to better comprehend how HTLV-1 leads to the development of leukemia, it is essential to understand how HTLV-1 transcriptional balance is regulated in the first steps of HTLV-1 infection. Whereas HBZ inhibitory effect on sense transcription is well described, little is known on the effect of sense transcription on HBZ expression. In this study, it has been shown that sHBZ promoter is less active in HTLV-1 infected lymphocytes with an active sense transcription. To confirm this observation, two pharmacological inhibitors of sense transcription have been caracterized and used to analyze the effect of a change in sense transcription level on sHBZ and usHBZ production. The inhibition of sense transcription is shown to inhibit usHBZ expression and enhance sHBZ transcription. The two antisense transcripts thus exhibit opposite patterns regarding sense transcription. To better define how this repression on sHBZ production is established and how the two promoters in the 3'LTR are regulated, a new model has been built. Jurkat T cells are stably transfected with a plasmid allowing the expression of sense transcripts under the control of the CMV promoter or a plasmid without sense transcription. These models will allow a precise characterization of sHBZ and usHBZ promoter and the deciphering of the inhibition initiated by sense transcription on sHBZ expression
Buisine, Stéphanie. "Conception et évaluation d'agents conversationnels multimodaux bidirectionnels." Paris 5, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA05H008.
The goal of this PhD work is to investigate multimodal communication between conversational agents (virtual characters) and human users, with a focus on two modalities : speech and hand gesture. We examine the spontaneous multimodal behaviour that users display with agents in conversational and entertaining situations. We analyze the use of each modality, cooperation between them and the inter-individual differences related to users's age. Symmetrically, we evaluate several multimodal strategies of agents in pedagogical context : we show that these strategies are likely to influence users' memorization as well as their subjective impressions. We finally hypothesize that users's multimodal behaviour can be used to evaluate agents' behaviour. We thus draw some perspectives of new evaluation methods
Müller, Melanie J. I. "Bidirectional transport by molecular motors." Phd thesis, Universität Potsdam, 2008. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2008/1871/.
In biologischen Zellen transportieren molekulare Motoren verschiedenste Frachtteilchen entlang von Mikrotubuli-Filamenten. Die Mikrotubuli-Filamente besitzen eine intrinsische Richtung: sie haben ein "Plus-" und ein "Minus-"Ende. Einige molekulare Motoren wie Dynein laufen zum Minus-Ende, während andere wie Kinesin zum Plus-Ende laufen. Zellen haben typischerweise ein isopolares Mikrotubuli-Netzwerk. Dies ist besonders ausgeprägt in neuronalen Axonen oder Pilz-Hyphen. In diesen langen röhrenförmigen Ausstülpungen liegen die Mikrotubuli parallel zur Achse mit dem Minus-Ende zum Zellkörper und dem Plus-Ende zur Zellspitze gerichtet. In einer solchen Röhre führt Transport durch nur einen Motor-Typ zu "Motor-Staus". Kinesin-getriebene Frachten akkumulieren an der Spitze, während Dynein-getriebene Frachten am Zellkörper akkumulieren. Wir identifizieren die relevanten Längenskalen und charakterisieren das Stauverhalten in diesen Röhrengeometrien mit Hilfe von Monte-Carlo-Simulationen und analytischen Rechnungen. Eine mögliche Lösung für das Stauproblem ist der Transport mit einem Team von Plus- und einem Team von Minus-Motoren gleichzeitig, so dass die Fracht sich in beide Richtungen bewegen kann. Dies wird in Zellen tatsächlich beobachtet. Der einfachste Mechanismus für solchen bidirektionalen Transport ist ein "Tauziehen" zwischen den beiden Motor-Teams, das nur mit mechanischer Interaktion funktioniert. Wir entwickeln ein stochastisches Tauzieh-Modell, das wir mit numerischen und analytischen Rechnungen untersuchen. Es ergibt sich ein erstaunlich komplexes Motilitätsverhalten. Wir vergleichen unsere Resultate mit den vorhandenen experimentellen Daten, die wir qualitativ und quantitativ reproduzieren.
Wang, Meng. "Bidirectional programming and its applications." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2011. http://kar.kent.ac.uk/55795/.
Al, Attar Houssein. "Bidirectional Electric Vehicle Charger Control." Thesis, Ecole centrale de Nantes, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022ECDN0043.
In this thesis, part of the chair Renault/Centrale Nantes, the aim is to design control strategies to improve the performance and efficiency of the bidirectional charger of the Electric Vehicle (EV). In the discharging mode, the new challenge is to design a Phase Shift Modulation (PSM) strategy to improve the operating zone and efficiency of the DC-DC converter. The control law is based on the DC-DC LLC gaininversion. In terms of cost, the contribution is mainly about the design of an optimization strategy, not only to reduce the sizing of the DC-DC LLC converter, but also to improve the performance of the Pulse Frequency Modulation (PFM) strategy. Then, a large signal model of the LLC converter based on the PSM strategy is developed. The main contribution consists of implementing robust control strategies, such as model-free control and adaptive super twisting control, combined with the PSM strategy. On the other hand, the key contribution leads to provide a hybrid control strategy of the charger in order to be able to regulate the DC bus voltage in the saturation zones of the DC-DCconverter. Finally, a new topology of an EV charger with the DAB structure is studied. A backstepping control strategy is proposed to regulate the DC bus voltage and the grid current. Different modulation strategies, such as single and dual phase shift modulation,are studied. Simulation results of real charger models are presented in order to highlight the effectiveness of the proposed control strategies
Sperandio, Céline. "Développement de nouvelles plateformes polyols halogénés et étude de leurs propriétés supramoléculaires." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Aix-Marseille, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019AIXM0556.
In the actual context of green chemistry, it is of prime importance for organic chemists to develop new eco-compatible synthetic methodologies. These new approaches are fundamental to be able to modulate the molecular properties enabling the design of new materials, drugs or chemical processes. In Nature, 1,3-polyols are essential motifs for the biological activity of many natural products. During this PhD, we have thoroughly studied the influence of halogen insertion in polyols over supramolecular properties.The first part of our work has consisted in the synthesis of polyols possessing two different halogenohydrin motifs. We have then been able to highlight the importance of this motif triggering considerable increase of their supramolecular properties based on H-bonding networks (anion coordination, self-assembly, catalysis). In a second part, we have further strengthen the central H-bonding framework through insertion of lateral perfluorinated chains. The preparation of these new 1,3,5-triols scaffolds was possible thanks to the development of an original copper catalyzed bi-directional aldolization. These new perfluorinated triols were excellent platforms for selective anion binding notably chiral recognition as well as catalysis and for the elaboration of non-covalent materials such as organogelators
Richards, Simon Kim. "Symbolic bidirectional breadth-first heuristic search." Master's thesis, Mississippi State : Mississippi State University, 2004. http://library.msstate.edu/etd/show.asp?etd=etd-08302004-085304.
Oliveira, Paulo. "Regulation of the Cyanobacterial Bidirectional Hydrogenase." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för fotokemi och molekylärvetenskap, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-8862.
Watson, Marcus Robert. "Synaesthesia and learning : a bidirectional relationship." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/44736.
Levine, John Michael. "A flexible bidirectional question-answering system." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.259746.
Fagerholm, Susanna. "Bidirectional signalling and phosphorylation of CD11 /." Helsinki : University of Helsinki, 2002. http://ethesis.helsinki.fi/julkaisut/mat/bioti/vk/fagerholm/.
Mansouri, Abdelkader. "Le moteur asynchrone monophase à vitesse variable : modélisation et alimentation par convertisseurs statiques." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995INPL096N.
Gardner, Mark Robert. "Imitation : the methodological adequacy of directional control tests." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.267754.
Mayes, Peter Richard. "A novel AC/DC bidirectional power converter." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.239439.
Kilian, Axel 1971. "Design exploration through bidirectional modeling of constraints." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/33803.
This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 315-324).
Today digital models for design exploration are not used to their full potential. The research efforts in the past decades have placed geometric design representations firmly at the center of digital design environments. In this thesis it is argued that models for design exploration that bridge different representation aid in the discovery of novel designs. Replacing commonly used analytical, uni-directional models for linking representations, with bidirectional ones, further supports design exploration. The key benefit of bidirectional models is the ability to swap the role of driver and driven in the exploration. The thesis developed around a set of design experiments that tested the integration of bidirectional computational models in domain specific designs. From the experiments three main exploration types emerged. They are: branching explorations for establishing constraints for an undefined design problem; illustrated in the design of a concept car. Circular explorations for the refinement of constraint relationships; illustrated in the design of a chair. Parallel explorations for exercising well-understood constraints; illustrated in a form finding model in architecture. A key contribution of the thesis is the novel use of constraint diagrams developed to construct design explorers for the experiments. The diagrams show the importance of translations between design representations in establishing design drivers from the set of constraints. The incomplete mapping of design features across different representations requires the redescription of the design for each translation.
(cont.) This redescription is a key aspect of exploration and supports design innovation. Finally, this thesis argues that the development of design specific design explorers favors a shift in software design away from monolithic, integrated software environments and towards open software platforms that support user development.
by Axel Kilian.
Ph.D.
Chin, Victor Ernest. "Design of a 4x4 bidirectional routing board." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/36082.
Includes bibliographical references (leaf 44).
by Victor Ernest Chin.
M.Eng.
Redecker, H. H. (Hans Henning). "Bidirectional converter for a stirling energy system." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/16415.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This thesis discusses a 23 kW three-phase AC bus system that is utilized together with the “Stirling Energy System (SES) Integrated Solar Dish-Stirling Module” to function as a mini-grid for off-grid locations. The system is designed to supply power to 27 rural households. This three-phase AC bus system includes a bidirectional 4-wire PWM converter and a battery bank for energy storage. The simulations and results presented show that the system can function as a rectifier and as an inverter. The system operates as an inverter when the SES starts up and when different AC loads are connected to the AC bus. The unit functions as a rectifier when the battery bank is charged. The design was implemented successfully in a practical system and measurements revealed that the system functioned as a standalone unit.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie tesis bespreek ‘n 23 kW drie-fase vier-draad WS bus stelsel wat saam met die “Stirling Energy System (SES) Integrated Solar Dish-Stirling Module” gebruik word om as ‘n alleenstaande stelsel in ’n plattelandse omgewing te laat funksioneer. Die sisteem is ontwerp om vir 27 plattelandse huise drywing te lewer. Hierdie stelsel behels ‘n drie-fase GS na WS omsetter, saam met loodsuur batterye as energiestoor. Die simulasies en resultate wat gegee word, dui aan dat die omsetter as ‘n wisselrigter en ook as ‘n gelykrigter kan werk. Die stelsel funksioneer as ‘n wisselrigter as die SES aanskakel, en as ekstra laste op die WS bus gekoppel word. Die sisteem funksioneer as ‘n gelykrigter as die batterye gelaai word. Die ontwerp is suksesvol in ‘n praktiese stelsel geimplimenteer wat as ‘n alleenstaande stelsel funksioneer.
Tohme, Henri Edouard. "Dual channel bidirectional wavelength division multiplexing datalink." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/43061.
Master of Science
Johnson, Melissa. "A Spiking Bidirectional Associative Memory Neural Network." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/42222.