Journal articles on the topic 'Bicycle club'
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Beausaert, Rebecca. "‘Young Rovers’ and ‘Dazzling Lady Meteors:’ Gender and Bicycle Club Culture in Turn-of-the-Century Small-Town Ontario." Scientia Canadensis 36, no. 1 (June 26, 2014): 33–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1025788ar.
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During the bicycle “craze” of the 1890s and early 1900s, men and women across Western Europe and North America embraced this novel form of recreation and modern mode of transportation. Undoubtedly, the invention of the “safety” bicycle in 1885 aided women’s enjoyment of the machine, yet in many respects cycling remained an androcentric mode of recreation. This is most evident when examining the paternal structure of bicycle clubs. In the existing literature on cycling, however, little attention is paid to gender dynamics within clubs, especially in the context of smaller towns and rural areas. Using the towns of Tillsonburg and Ingersoll in southwestern Ontario’s Oxford County as a case study, this article examines how cycling clubs in these communities were sites of both change and resistance to the prevailing gender norms of the time. Once membership was opened to women, club activities became more heterosocial and less focused on cultivating virulent masculinity, but women were never fully accepted as full-fledged members.
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Wiesław Jaszczur and Zofia Marciniak. "Student Scientific Club in Research for Road Safety." SAFETY & FIRE TECHNOLOGY 62, no. 2 (December 29, 2023): 136–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.12845/sft.62.2.2023.8.
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Aim: Presentation of the potential of the student scientific club for road safety in Poland. Discuss the extent to which the student scientific club in its research activities supports and implements the concepts of identifying road safety risks and submits proposals for improving its condition and related processes. Project and methods: In the research on the visibility of vulnerable traffic participants, a theoretical method – NUR threat analysis – was used to define the research problem.A research problem was formulated in the form of a question: to what extent and under what conditions does NUR visibility affect their safety? Visibility tests were conducted in real conditions after dusk. The following recording devices were used to study the movement parameters of modern means of transportation (bicycles and electric scooters): a Gopro camera, a Sony IV RX10 camera (which realizes 4D recording), a drone with a vision camera, and a Brake Tester retarder. Results: The study of the visibility of vulnerable traffic participants from the perspective of the driver presents parameters for the visibility of pedestrians and cyclists in conditions after dusk. Participants (students) in the visibility study were made aware of the issue of visibility, and therefore the safety of the traffic participant in the situation of illuminated vehicle (bicycle) and without lighting, as well as a pedestrian on the road without a reflective element. They formulated the conclusion that seeing does not mean being seen.The result of the single-track motion tests was that the Brake Tester Model LWS -2/MC retarder, after the performance test, does not provide a measurement of the single-track motion parameters. This is an important practical finding from the research, as vehicle inspection stations are equipped with this device. The acceleration and deceleration values of the bicycle and electric scooter were determined Conclusions: The research activities of the students of the scientific club in question not only make them aware of the risk factors of becoming a victim of an accident as a vulnerable traffic participant, but also allow them to deepen their knowledge, broaden their cognitive perspectives and supplement their skills through practical activities, for example, in the area of NUR visibility determinants or the characteristics of powered vehicles. The transfer of the results of the conducted research is carried out through the participation of students in seminars and scientific conferences, as well as in journalistic activities. Keywords: scientific club, vulnerable road user, education
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Hughes, Linda. "A CLUB OF THEIR OWN: THE “LITERARY LADIES,” NEW WOMEN WRITERS, AND FIN-DE-SIÈCLE AUTHORSHIP." Victorian Literature and Culture 35, no. 1 (January 22, 2007): 233–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1060150307051509.
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THE NEW WOMAN was both a discursive formation and a figure produced by materialist history as a result of debates over marriage, sexualities, political rights, labor conditions, life styles, and fashion. Unnamed until 1893 (Tusan 169), the “New Woman” became a lively topic in the press only in 1894 (Schaffer, “‘Nothing’” 39–40), at which point the rhetoric aimed at actual women quickly transformed into attacks on or defense of a literary phenomenon – in part, Ann Ardis suggests, because a literary controversy was less threatening than the prospect of actual social change (12). The “‘props’” attributed to the New Woman by Punch, the preeminent periodical to construct the literary stereotype, included five defining activities: “She smoked, rode a bicycle, frequented women's clubs, read voraciously and wore bloomers” (Miles 247). Scholars have long acknowledged that the New Woman did not suddenly appear but had a pre-history dating back to the 1880s (e.g., Ledger 23). A crucial part of that pre-history in life and in print was the founding of the “Literary Ladies,” a women writers' dining club, in 1889. The club not only represented significant innovation in fin-de-siècle authorship but also, more crucially, precipitated in the press the “props” (bloomers excepted) that would typify – and target – the New Woman from 1894 onward.
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NORCLIFFE, GLEN. "Associations, Modernity and the Insider-citizens of a Victorian Highwheel Bicycle Club." Journal of Historical Sociology 19, no. 2 (June 2006): 121–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6443.2006.00275.x.
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Clark, Julie, and Angela Curl. "Bicycle and Car Share Schemes as Inclusive Modes of Travel? A Socio-Spatial Analysis in Glasgow, UK." Social Inclusion 4, no. 3 (June 7, 2016): 83–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.17645/si.v4i3.510.
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Public bicycle and car sharing schemes have proliferated in recent years and are increasingly part of the urban transport landscape. Shared transport options have the potential to support social inclusion by improving accessibility: these initiatives could remove some of the barriers to car ownership or bicycle usage such as upfront costs, maintenance and storage. However, the existing evidence base indicates that, in reality, users are most likely to be white, male and middle class. This paper argues that there is a need to consider the social inclusivity of sharing schemes and to develop appropriate evaluation frameworks accordingly. We therefore open by considering ways in which shared transport schemes might be inclusive or not, using a framework developed from accessibility planning. In the second part of the paper, we use the case study of Glasgow in Scotland to undertake a spatial equity analysis of such schemes. We examine how well they serve different population groups across the city, using the locations of bicycle stations and car club parking spaces in Glasgow, comparing and contrasting bike and car. An apparent failure to deliver benefits across the demographic spectrum raises important questions about the socially inclusive nature of public investment in similar schemes.
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Bacchus, James. "The Bicycle Club: Affirming the American Interest in the Future of the WTO." Journal of World Trade 37, Issue 3 (June 1, 2003): 429–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/trad2003023.
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Lim, Young-Sam. "An Analysis on Relationship among Leisure Consumption Tendency Intention of Bicycle Club Participants." Journal of the Korea Entertainment Industry Association 11, no. 5 (July 31, 2017): 117–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.21184/jkeia.2017.07.11.5.117.
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Herly, Herlizon, Ramadi Ramadi, Aref Vai, and Aulia Gusdernawati. "Pengaruh latihan twisted bicycle crunch terhadap daya tahan otot perut atlet sepak bola." Sepakbola 2, no. 1 (September 7, 2022): 35. http://dx.doi.org/10.33292/sepakbola.v2i1.174.
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Permasalahan yang sangat rentan dan banyak atlet yang mengalami rasa sakit pada otot punggung bagian bawah, hal ini dikarenakan latihan kekuatan yang kurang intensif pada otot inti terutama pada bagian perut. Merujuk pada hasil tes kondisi fisik yang dilakukan atlet sepak bola klub tiga naga menunjukan bahwa nilai yang paling terendah ialah kekuatan otot perut. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui ada tidaknya pengaruh latihan memutar sepeda crunch terhadap daya tahan perut atlet sepak bola. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah atlet Klub Sepak Bola Tiga Naga Pekanbaru yang menggunakan teknik total sampling sebanyak 25 atlet. Jenis penelitian ini menggunakan pre-test-post-test dengan instrumen yaitu uji Sit Up, teknik analisis data uji normalitas dan uji-t. Berdasarkan analisis data pre-test dan post-test, terdapat pengaruh dan peningkatan latihan twisted bike crunch terhadap daya tahan abdomen atlet klub sepak bola Tiga Naga sebesar 1,84 dan berdasarkan analisis statistik inferensial menggunakan uji-t, thitung adalah 5,935 dan ttabel adalah 1,711. Artinya thitung > ttabel, sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa latihan twisted cycling crunch terhadap daya tahan otot perut mengalami peningkatan yang signifikan. The effect of twisted bicycle crunch exercise on the abdominal muscle endurance of football athletes Abstract: The problem is very vulnerable, and many athletes experience pain in the lower back muscles, this is due to less intensive strength training in the core muscles, especially in the abdomen. Referring to the results of the physical condition test conducted by the three dragon soccer club athletes, it showed that the lowest value was the strength of the abdominal muscles. The purpose of this study was to determine whether there is an effect of rotating bicycle crunch exercise on the endurance of soccer athletes' stomachs. The population in this study were the athletes of the Pekanbaru Tiga Naga Football Club using a total sampling technique of 25 athletes. This type of research uses pre-test-post-test with instruments, namely Sit Up test, normality test data analysis techniques, and t-test. Based on pre-test and post-test data analysis, there is an effect and increase in twisted bike crunch exercise on the abdominal endurance of Tiga Naga soccer club athletes by 1.84 and based on inferential statistical analysis using t-test, tcount is 5.935 and ttable is 1.711. This means that tcount > ttable, so it can be concluded that the twisted cycling crunch exercise on abdominal muscle endurance experienced a significant increase.
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Dmitriev, O. B., and A. V. Kuznetsov. "ASSESSMENT OF THE RELIABILITY AND VALIDITY OF TESTING THE SPEED-STRENGTH ABILITIES OF FOOTBALL PLAYERS WITH INFANT CEREBRAL PALSY ON THE MONARK BICYCLE ERGOMETER." Bulletin of Udmurt University. Series Philosophy. Psychology. Pedagogy 32, no. 3 (October 4, 2022): 324–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.35634/2412-9550-2022-32-3-324-330.
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In football, including handicapped football, effective play requires players to be able to handle the ball at high speed and perform multiple "explosive" high-speed movements. In disabled football, the problem of developing and evaluating the speed-strength abilities of football players with cerebral palsy is relevant. At present, in the period of active digitalization of education and sports, it is necessary to master and implement digital technologies in sports practice. The study was conducted on the basis of the Zenit football club for the disabled in the city of Izhevsk on an experimental group of 10 football players with cerebral palsy aged 15-18. The article substantiates the necessity and proves the possibility of using the test "bicycle ergometry on MONARK 894E" to measure the speed-strength abilities of football players with cerebral palsy. The basic requirements for tests are considered. Standardization is ensured by testing in the laboratory on the same bicycle ergometer. To check the validity, control motor speed-strength tests were chosen: “Long jump from a place with a push with two legs” and “Run for 30 meters”. Correlation analysis showed a strong statistical relationship between control motor tests and experimental one - "testing on a bicycle ergometer" (multiple correlation coefficient R XYZ =0,87 ). As an indicator of reliability, we took the Bravais-Pearson Correlation coefficient for two measurements on the MONARK 894E bicycle ergometer, which showed a strong relationship between them (r xg=0,99) . On the basis of the GTO standards, a “five-point” interval rating scale was developed according to the indications “maximum alactate power in W” for the experimental test. The conclusions on the conducted research are formulated.
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Ashley, Steven. "Metallic Glasses Bulk Up." Mechanical Engineering 120, no. 06 (June 1, 1998): 72–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1998-jun-4.
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Vitreloy, a metallic–glass alloy of zirconium and beryllium from Amorphous Technologies International (ATI) in Laguna Niquel, CA, is extensively being used in golf clubs. Liquidmetal golf-club heads are fabricated from an amorphous metal alloy that has excellent rebound and vibration-absorbing properties. Research indicates that the prized physical properties of metallic glasses arise in large part from their lack of grain boundaries, which can serve as points of weakness. Liquidmetal putters have a ‘soft’ feel when striking the ball, which the makers claim provides players with improved touch on putting greens. The elevated strength-to-weight ratios exhibited by Liquidmetal alloys make the metallic glasses promising for a range of high-performance applications. Sports enthusiasts may also soon find bulk metallic glasses like Vitreloy in other high-end sporting goods such as tennis rackets, baseball bats, bicycle frames, hunting bows, and even edged tools such as axes. ATl management stated that high-performance sporting goods are only a first step in the market; the new family of materials could also be promising for other, more serious applications.
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Putri, Swastika Ramadhanty Eka, Upik Nurbaiti, and Fianti Fianti. "PENGARUH IKLIM PANAS TERHADAP DEHIDRASI DAN KELELAHAN PADA CLUB SEPEDA ONTHEL (Roadster Bicycle) di TANGGUNGHARJO." EnviroScienteae 17, no. 1 (August 16, 2021): 122. http://dx.doi.org/10.20527/es.v17i1.11365.
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The sector transportation is one of the main causes of environmental damage. Environmental changes that occur will affect climatic conditions in general. This study aims to determine the effect of hot climate on routine cycling activities on the dehydration status and fatigue of a person cycling based on changes in body weight, knowledge of dehydration and fatigue, temperature and the level of heat index. This research was conducted by measuring the body weight, humidity, and temperature of the cyclists before and after training. Measurements were made on November 6, 2020 with a total of 20 subjects who are members of the Tanggungharjo bicycle club. From the results of simple analysis, it is obtained that the average number is 153 for those aged 30 years and under with the ideal limit category, while at the age of 30 years and above the average figure is 156.1 with the tolerance limit category. Therefore, the level of dehydration and fatigue can include several factors such as age, temperature, humidity and body weight.
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Lee, Won Hee, Hyuck Gi Lee, and Soo Woen Lim. "The Relation among Fun Factors, Satisfaction according to Participation and Intention to Continue of Bicycle Club." Journal of Sport and Leisure Studies 41 (August 31, 2010): 1101–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.51979/kssls.2010.08.41.1101.
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Swier, Stanley R., Alan Rollins, Rachel Lamarche, and Meggan Hodgson. "Evaluation of Mach 2 and Merit Against First Generation Black Turfgrass Ataenius Larvae, 1997." Arthropod Management Tests 23, no. 1 (January 1, 1998): 337. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/amt/23.1.337a.
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Abstract This trial was conducted at Campbell’s Scottish Highlands Golf Club, Salem, NH. Five replications of 8 treatments were applied to a bluegrass fairway on 21 May one week past peak adult emergence. Each plot was 49 ft2; the plots were arranged in an RCB form. The liquid formulations were applied with a 2-wheel bicycle-type sprayer equipped with 4 spray heads; each head was fitted with an 8004 flattened fan-type nozzle with a 50-mesh strainer. All granulars were evenly applied with a large-holed commercial salt shaker. The volume of water and insecticide mix per plot was 2 gal/1000 ft2, applied by CO2 pressure at 40 psi. Natural rainfall irrigated the plots (0.1 inch). Weather conditions were as follows: air temp, 55°F; sky, partly cloudy; wind, 10 mph. Soil conditions were as follows: temp (1-inch), 55CF; texture, loam; sand, 66%; silt, 26%; clay, 8%; moisture, 20.95%; organic matter, 5.3%; pH, 7.2. On 22 Jul, a 2-ft2 section of each plot was rated for live larvae.
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Songer, Nancy Butler. "Stem programs: encouraging an early start with engineering design." Open Access Government 42, no. 1 (April 15, 2024): 272–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.56367/oag-042-10836.
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Stem programs: encouraging an early start with engineering design Nancy Butler Songer, Associate Provost of STEM Education at the University of Utah, highlights the importance of introducing STEM programs to younger students. Fifty years ago, I was one of three girls (of fifty 11 and 12-year-olds) in the after-school Science Club (Figure 1). Equipped with my bicycle and a large butterfly net, my task was to gather and identify fifty different species of insects before school began again in the fall. Little did I know that this activity was a formative experience leading to a career in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) Education. My experience as a twelve-year-old is consistent with a wealth of research indicating that pre-teen interest in STEM fields, including Engineering, is a strong predictor of future careers. Research studies indicate that to increase the number of students pursuing engineering and science as a career goal, we must increase activities with engineering as a fundamental component before students reach their teenage years (Sneider & Ravel, 2021).
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Swier, Stanley R., Alan Rollins, Rachel Lamarche, and Meggan Hodgson. "Efficacy of Advance Ant Bait in Turf; 1997." Arthropod Management Tests 23, no. 1 (January 1, 1998): 339. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/amt/23.1.339a.
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Abstract This trial was conducted at White Mountain Country Club, Ashland, NH. Five replications of 3 treatments were applied on 24 Jul on a bluegrass fairway. Each plot was 140 ft2, separated by 5-ft buffers on all sides; the plots were arranged in a RCB design. The ant bait was distributed evenly onto each plot using a commercial salt shaker. Dursban was applied using a 2-wheel bicycle-type boom sprayer equipped with 4 spray heads; each head was fitted with an 8005 flat fan-type nozzle and a 50-mesh strainer. The volume of water and Dursban mix per plot was 2 gal/1000 ft2, using CO2 as a pressure source at 40 psi. Weather conditions were as follows: air temp, 70°F; sky, cloudy; wind, 5-10 mph. Soils conditions were as follows: surface temp, 76°F; at 1-inch, 78°F; at 2-inches, 78°F; texture, loam; sand, 44%; silt, 42%; clay, 14%; moisture, 20%; organic matter, 6.3%; pH, 5.2. All active anthills per plot were counted prior to spraying and then every 7 days for 4 weeks after treatment.
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Swier, Stanley R., Alan Rollins, and Bryan Carney. "Control of Black Cutworm on a Bentgrass Nursery, 1996." Arthropod Management Tests 22, no. 1 (January 1, 1997): 354. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/amt/22.1.354.
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Abstract This trial was conducted at Amherst Country Club, Amherst, NH. All treatments were applied on 27 Sept to a bentgrass nursery. The treatments were laid out in an RCB design with 1 ft buffers between plots. All liquid formulations were applied with a 2-wheel bicycle-type CO2 boom sprayer equipped with 4 spray heads, fitted with a 50-mesh strainer and an 8004 fan-type nozzle. The volume of water and insecticide mix per plot was 2 gal/ 1000ft2 delivered at 40psi. Granular formulations were evenly dispersed using large plastic salt shakers. All granulars were irrigated with 1/2 inch of water. No liquid formulations were irrigated. BCW larvae were predominantly 4th instar. Weather conditions were as follows: air temp, 50°F; sky, cloudy; wind, calm. Soil conditions were as follows: surface temp, 55°F; at 1-inch depth, 53°F; at 2-inch depth, 53°F; texture, loam; sand, 60%; silt, 20%; clay, 20%; soil pH, 5.7; dry matter, 80%; moisture, 20%; organic matter, 4%. The trial was rated on 4 Oct by applying to each plot a mixture of Joy dish soap and water to force live larvae to the surface for counting.
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Lee, Yeon-Ju, and Min-Ju Jeon. "Relationship between the Degree of Participation in Leisure Activity, Organizational Identification and Organizational Commitment: With Emphasis on Bicycle Riding Club Members." Journal of the Korea Contents Association 12, no. 12 (December 28, 2012): 427–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.5392/jkca.2012.12.12.427.
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Lee, Sung-Kuk. "The Motivation of Middle-aged Women in Bicycle Clubs to Participate is Leisure Satisfaction and Impact on Life Satisfaction." Korean Society for Leisure Sciences 14, no. 2 (August 31, 2023): 21–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.37408/kjls.2023.14.2.21.
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The purpose of this study is to provide basic data for expanding and activating opportunities for middle-aged women to participate in bicycles by identifying the relationship between the influence of middle-aged women's motivation to participate in bicycle clubs on leisure satisfaction and life satisfaction. Three bicycle clubs in the southern area of Gyeonggi Province were visited from March 1 to March 31, 2023, for middle-aged women participating in bicycle clubs. A total of 151 questionnaires were circulated and collected by the method of self-evaluation and self-evaluation, and the data were empirically analyzed. Participation in bicycle clubs for middle-aged women is the most effective way not only to maintain and promote health care, but also to improve the quality of life through leisure activities, and cycling will not only relieve stress but also help exercise the whole body, especially to strengthen lower body strength. In addition, by solving the problem of lack of exercise among middle-aged women, who play a pivotal role in a family, obesity can be prevented, physical strength and strength can be improved, and a satisfactory life can be led in family life.
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Ovchinnikov, Yu, Ya Ton, and A. Zaharova. "Means of Motor Activity of Children in Projects of Health-Saving Education of Students." Profession-Oriented School 10, no. 6 (December 16, 2022): 47–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1998-0744-2022-10-6-47-52.
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It should be noted the fact that modern children of preschool period of life, despite the passion for digital technology in the imitation of adults ask parents to put them on a variety of means of motor activity, which offers a market of goods and services. To the popular means of motor activity in the preschool period of life child considered vehicles treadmill and bicycle, scooter. There is a controversial opinion that it is more useful for the child treadmill, bicycle, scooter. Parents do not know which means of motor activity to choose for the child. The authors give recommendations on the choice of a treadmill for a child to be safe and help strengthen the muscles of the back and legs, help activate the child's movements, identify motor abilities, strengthen the body links. The basis for the scientific and pedagogical research were practical lessons on the educational subject «Biomechanics of motor activity», educational and training process, sports activities with children of the children's sports club «Rider School», which has the material and technical base and vehicles for children.
The study draws attention to the ergonomic factors of two types of cross-country vehicles: recreational and professional sports (pro). The interrelation of practice-oriented and health-saving education with the participation of university students of sport profile is shown. Using the method of project technologies students develop the scientific and methodological direction «biomechanics in project technologies» showing the acquired knowledge and skills in biomechanics in applied research, socialization of education takes place: the obtained results are implemented in practical, pedagogical, sporting activities. The process of socialization allows to develop various multi-component directions and make the University socially oriented: simultaneously with studies students participate in competitions, work as coaches and assistants, volunteers, work in the referee team, thereby showing teaching and professional competencies. Health-saving education becomes a pedagogical and social task for the University and the social dominant of social development.
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Swier, Stanley R., Alan Rollins, and Bryan Carney. "Comparison of Three Rates of a Growth Regulator on Black Cutworm, 1996." Arthropod Management Tests 22, no. 1 (January 1, 1997): 353. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/amt/22.1.353a.
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Abstract Two trials were conducted at Amherst Country Club, Amherst, NH. In the first trial treatments were applied on 6 Sep to a bentgrass nursery and rated 13 Sep. In the second, treatments were applied 12 Sep and rate 19 Sep. The treatments were applied in an RCB design, 4 replicates per treatment, with 1 -ft buffers between plots. All treatments were applied with a 2-wheel bicycle-type CO2 boom sprayer, using four 8004 nozzles with 50-mesh screens. The volume of water and insecticide mix per plot was 2 gal/1000ft2 delivered at 40 psi. BCW larvae were predominantly 3rd-4th instar in the 1st trial and 1 st-2nd instar in the 2nd trial. Weather conditions were as follows: on 6 Sep, air temp, 81°F; sky, clear; wind, calm. Soil conditions were as follows: surface temp, 83°F; temp at 1-inch depth, 74°F; soil pH, 5.7; dry matter, 80%; moisture, 20%; organic matter, 4%; soil texture, loam; sand, 60%; silt, 20%; clay, 20%. On 12 Sep, air temp was 74°F; soil temp at surface was 71°F; at 1-inch depth, 69°F. The trials were rated for live larvae by soaking each plot with Joy dish soap and water to force larvae to the surface.
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Swier, Stanley R., Alan Rollins, and Bryan Carney. "Comparison of Two Nematode Formulations for Black Turfgrass Ataenius Control, 1996." Arthropod Management Tests 22, no. 1 (January 1, 1997): 371. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/amt/22.1.371.
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Abstract This trial was conducted at Wentworth-By-The-Sea Country Club, New Castle, NH. All treatments were applied to a fairway on 15 Jul on 7 X 7 ft plots, 5 replicates per treatment, using an RCB design with 1 -ft buffers between plots. Treatments were applied with a 2-wheel bicycle-type CO2 boom sprayer equipped with 4 spray heads, fitted with a 50-mesh strainer and an 8004 fan-type nozzle. The volume of water and insecticide mix per plot was 2 gal/1000 ft2 delivered at 40 psi. The entire trial was irrigated with 1/2 inch of water immediately after application. Weather conditions at time of application were as follows: air temp, 72°F; sky, cloudy; wind, strong breeze. Soil conditions were as follows: surface temp, 70°F; at 1-inch depth, 71°F; at 2-inch depth, 71°F; texture, sandy loam; sand, 67%; silt, 27%; clay, 6%, soil pH, 6.0; dry matter, 74%; moisture, 26%; organic matter, 12%; thatch depth, 1/4 inch. The trial was rated on 5 Aug. A Ryan 12” sod cutter was used to cut a strip to a depth of 3/4 inch. A 1 ft2 piece of sod was pealed back, and live grubs were counted.
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Singh, Mohinder, and Om Prakash Jasuja. "Dancing pen: The ultimate test of graphically matured skilled writer." Nowa Kodyfikacja Prawa Karnego 60 (February 1, 2022): 143–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.19195/2084-5065.60.9.
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Unconscious and automatic rhythmic production of handwriting by graphically matured skilled writers through perfect synchronization of muscular body parts is an activity that resembles a pen dancing on paper, analogous to a dancer performing on stage. This analogy can lead to beginners in the profession better understanding the complex and intricate writing process.
There are several routine activities requiring various complex coordinations of mental, sensory, and motor factors by humans, such as walking, talking, writing, dressing, drawing, sewing, using a typewriter, playing a piano or violin, riding a bicycle, driving a car, handling a tool, a tennis racket, or a golf club, etc., which are performed habitually, unconsciously, and automatically once they are learnt and practiced. One of these activities is (hand)writing, which is a complex learned motor behavior generally developed in a person in three stages: formative, impressionable, and graphic maturity. The stage of “graphic maturity” is finally reached when the writing has fully developed, resulting in unique individual characteristics that become habitual in execution, most of which remain relatively constant throughout much of the writer’s active life. The complexities and intricacies of the writing process can be better understood by a beginner in the profession by comparing it with dancing, which is also a similar activity requiring perfect synchronization and coordination of all the body parts involved in the exercise.
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Swier, Stanley R., Alan Rollins, and Bryan Carney. "Efficacy of Four B.T., Japonica BUI BUI, Formulations on Japanese Beetle Grubs, 1996." Arthropod Management Tests 22, no. 1 (January 1, 1997): 371. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/amt/22.1.371a.
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Abstract This trial was conducted at Amherst Country Club, Amherst, NH. The lawn was mowed at 1.5 inches and irrigated daily (0.1 inch). All treatments were applied on 19 Aug to 7 X 11 ft plots with 1-ft buffers, replicated 5 times in an RCB design. Liquid formulations were applied with a 2-wheel bicycle-type CO2 boom sprayer equipped with 4 spray heads fitted with a 50-mesh strainer and an 8004 fan-type nozzle. The volume of water and insecticide mix per plot was 2 gal/1000 ft2 delivered at 40 psi. Granular formulations were evenly dispersed using large plastic salt shakers. The surface of the turf was free of moisture (dew) at time of application. The plots were irrigated post-treatment with 0.4 in of water. Grubs were primarily 2nd instar. Weather conditions at time of application were as follows. Air, temp; 78°F; sky, clear; wind, moderate breeze. Soil conditions were as follows: surface temp, 80°F; at 1-inch depth, 76°F; at 2-inch depth, 75°F; soil pH, 5.6; texture, silt loam; sand, 50%; silt, 43%; clay, 7%; dry matter, 81%; moisture, 19%; organic matter, 5%. The trial was rated on 20 Sep using a Ryan 18-inch sod cutter to cut the plots to a depth of 3/4 inch. A 3 ft2 piece of sod was moved and live grubs counted.
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Roth, William V. "Statement before U.S. senate permanent subcommittee on investigations, committee on governmental affairs hearing on “The asset forfeiture program—A case study of the bicycle club casino,”." Trends in Organized Crime 3, no. 2 (December 1997): 36–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12117-997-1176-y.
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Korpiola, Mia. "Cycling towards the future." Tijdschrift voor rechtsgeschiedenis 82, no. 1-2 (October 23, 2014): 141–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15718190-08212p09.
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In the agrarian and peripheral Grand Duchy of Finland, the challenges of the modern transport technology to the law made themselves known in the course of the nineteenth century. The first velocipedes found their way to Finland in the late 1860s but a bicycle boom only took place in the 1890s. The bicycles led to new risks and problems which had to be regulated somehow. This was done first by the self-regulation of bicycle clubs or associations, and then by police regulations (German: Policey) in various towns. The regulation of bicycling was only local and the same applied to automobile traffic at the beginning of the twentieth century. However, in Helsinki, for example, international multi-party traffic and transportation treaties were also applied in tandem with local norms to some extent. The article maintains that around 1900, local police regulation was still in an important means to deal quickly with the new problems caused by modernization and industrialization especially because of the slow and cumbersome parliamentary law-drafting processes.
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Cherkasov, Vladimir V., Irina I. Cherkasova, and Nikolay N. Pestryakov. "An Analysis of Young Footballers' Motor Activity and Physical Fitness During Remote Training Sessions During the Pandemic." Vestnik Tomskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta, no. 470 (2021): 210–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.17223/15617793/470/25.
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This article deals with the problems of performing physical exercises by young footballers under pandemic conditions. The restrictions imposed due to COVID-19 led to a decrease in all forms of motor activity, which negatively affected physical conditions and required search for new means, methods and forms of the training process organization under a self-isolation regime. To determine the impact of independent forms of performing physical exercises on motor activity and physical fitness, a study was carried out, in which 18 boys aged 9 and 10, members of a football club, took part. For independent forms of young footballers' exercising, sets of exercises were designed to improve flexibility, strength and coordination abilities; accompanying video footage with methodological guidelines was prepared. An analysis of scientific papers, a questionnaire, a review of self-monitoring diaries, methods of mathematical statistics were used as research methods. Based on the research findings, it was established that the introduction of the self-isolation regime caused a 20.5% (p<0.01) drop in the general level of motor activity; duration of children's stay in motionless position throughout the day rose by 12.3%; specific indicators of motor activity characterizing its amount and intensity declined on average by 32.2%. The analysis of the test subjects' physical fitness at research stages identified an increase in physical strength and flexibility indicators. The result of the flexibility test improved by 20% (p>0.05); the growth in the test of muscular endurance and strength of the arms was 22.6% (p<0.01); of sit-ups and standing jumps 2.6% and 1.3% (p>0.05) respectively. Negative trends of indicators on average by 3% (p>0.05) were found in the tests of general endurance, speed and coordination abilities. To eliminate the imbalance in the level of physical skills development with independent exercising under a self-isolation regime, means of physical fitness should include exercises performed with the use of exercise devices (cardiovascular equipment, bicycle ergometers and other similar technical devices) that promote the development of general endurance and speed abilities. The design of sets of strength training exercises in various forms and the use of tasks based on competitive gaming method in the mode of remote contact with team members can encourage an increase in motivation for independent physical exercising.
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Рычков, Евгений Юрьевич, Елена Романовна Яшина, Пётр Степанович Турзин, and Игорь Борисович Ушаков. "IMAGES OF THE FUNCTIONAL STATE OF ATHLETES AND THEIR SIGNIFICANCE IN THE SCIENTIFIC SUPPORT OF THE TRAINING PROCESS OF THE YOUTH HOCKEY TEAM." СИСТЕМНЫЙ АНАЛИЗ И УПРАВЛЕНИЕ В БИОМЕДИЦИНСКИХ СИСТЕМАХ, no. 4() (December 19, 2020): 182–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.36622/vstu.2020.19.4.024.
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Целью исследования было выявление возможности использования в целях научно-методического обеспечения тренировочного процесса на примере молодежной команды хоккеистов индивидуальных компьютерных полипараметрических визуальных «образов», отражающих адаптацию к физическим нагрузкам на этапах спортивной подготовки. Контингент исследования: 28 хоккеистов молодежной команды профессионального клуба в возрасте от 16 до 20 лет, со стажем занятий от 10 до 16 лет. Методы исследования: классические нагрузочные тесты оценки аэробной и анаэробной производительности: велоэргометрия с газоанализом и оценкой лактата на ступенях нагрузки и восстановления, специальные методы оценки максимальной анаэробной производительности, антропометрия и калиперометрия, пульсоксиметрия, электрокардиограмма, тонометрия, динамометрия, стабилометрия, биохимические методы, определяющие метаболический профиль и математико-статистические и графические методы исследования. С использованием технологии визуализации результатов полипараметрической диагностики функциональных состояний организма были построены индивидуальные компьютерные полипараметрические «образы» каждого хоккеиста команды с учетом его игрового амплуа по всем тестам, используемым при проведении этапного комплексного обследования в процессе научно-методического обеспечения. Использование новой технологии визуализации результатов тестирования, отражающих индивидуальную адаптацию и уровень общей физической работоспособности, позволяет сформировать «модельный» компьютерный полипараметрический визуальный «образ» для игроков различных амплуа, осуществить их ранжирование для формирования персонализированного прогноза построения спортивной тренировки и перспективности в избранном виде спорта с использованием разработанной информационной системы для сопровождения тренировочного процесса The purpose of the study was to identify the possibility of using individual computer polyparametric visual "images" that reflect adaptation to physical activity at the stages of sports training for the purpose of scientific and methodological support of the training process on the example of a youth hockey team. Study group: 28 hockey players of the youth team of a professional club aged 16 to 20 years, with 10 to 16 years of training experience. Research methods: classical load tests for evaluating aerobic and anaerobic performance: Bicycle ergometry with gas analysis and lactate assessment at the stages of loading and recovery, special methods for evaluating maximum anaerobic performance, anthropometry and caliperometry, pulse oximetry, electrocardiogram, tonometry, dynamometry, stabilometry, biochemical methods that determine the metabolic profile, and mathematical-statistical and graphical research methods. With the use of imaging technology results of the polyparametric diagnostics of functional States of the organism was built individual computer polyparametric "images", every player of the team, given his roles in all the tests employed in conducting step a comprehensive survey in the process of scientific and methodological support. Using a new technology for visualizing test results that reflect individual adaptation and the level of overall physical performance, it allows you to create a" model "computer polyparametric visual "image" for players of various roles, to rank them to form a personalized forecast of building sports training and prospects in your chosen sport using the developed information system to support the training process
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Leedy, Todd H. "Race around the Mountain." Journal of Sport History 49, no. 1 (April 1, 2022): 20–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/21558450.49.1.02.
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Abstract Early accounts place the origins of bicycle racing among the Coloured population of Cape Town at the turn of the twentieth century. By 1930, an active sporting landscape had emerged that included numerous organized clubs, regular road and track events, a regional organizing board, and an established set of local racing stars. Yet as the period moved forward, competitive cycling became subject to a set of larger forces that would affect uses of urban public space, access to municipal facilities, and community support for clubs. While some aspects of this history parallel the growth of bicycle racing in the Johannesburg area, the Cape scene differed significantly. To reconstruct this history, the article attempts to not only establish a baseline for the rich set of characters and events through these years but also place them into a broader context to assess the relationship between sport and resilience under a divided system.
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Thielmann, Tristan. "The bicycle at the end of the 19th century: An instrument for land surveying and mapping." Proceedings of the ICA 2 (July 10, 2019): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/ica-proc-2-129-2019.
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<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> At the end of the 19th century, the bicycle was a medium used for land development, connection, sensing and routing. This article explores these features of the bicycle based on the League of American Wheelmen bulletins that were published between 1880 and 1902. The enquiry shows that the bicycle constitutes a rural geomedium since the first cyclists regarded themselves as land surveyors. Furthermore, the bicycle, as a vehicle that is connected to an individual, links the starting and end points of a route &ndash; without stops on the way and without changing vehicles. This continuity of movement is a highly essential property of the medium ‘bicycle’. Being awheel and making the countryside accessible cartographically are therefore closely linked to each other; they take place in one and the same procedure as part of the joint practice of land surveys. During this process, the bicycle proves to be an ideal instrument for the sensing of road surface conditions and therefore functions as a mediator between the road and the cyclist. It also serves as a mediator between urban and rural areas and as a connected device: the bicycle is the condition for cooperation for Bicycle Clubs, which enjoyed enormous popularity at the end of the 19th century. It facilitated the cooperative experiencing and exploring of the land that had yet not been documented cartographically and, in turn, yielded its own new form of representation: navigable maps in the form of route guides.</p>
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Rahim Taleqani, Ali, Chrysafis Vogiatzis, and Jill Hough. "Maximum Closeness Centrality k-Clubs: A Study of Dock-Less Bike Sharing." Journal of Advanced Transportation 2020 (January 24, 2020): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/1275851.
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In this work, we investigate a new paradigm for dock-less bike sharing. Recently, it has become essential to accommodate connected and free-floating bicycles in modern bike-sharing operations. This change comes with an increase in the coordination cost, as bicycles are no longer checked in and out from bike-sharing stations that are fully equipped to handle the volume of requests; instead, bicycles can be checked in and out from virtually anywhere. In this paper, we propose a new framework for combining traditional bike stations with locations that can serve as free-floating bike-sharing stations. The framework we propose here focuses on identifying highly centralized k-clubs (i.e., connected subgraphs of restricted diameter). The restricted diameter reduces coordination costs as dock-less bicycles can only be found in specific locations. In addition, we use closeness centrality as this metric allows for quick access to dock-less bike sharing while, at the same time, optimizing the reach of service to bikers/customers. For the proposed problem, we first derive its computational complexity and show that it is NP-hard (by reduction from the 3-SATISFIABILITY problem), and then provide an integer programming formulation. Due to its computational complexity, the problem cannot be solved exactly in a large-scale setting, as is such of an urban area. Hence, we provide a greedy heuristic approach that is shown to run in reasonable computational time. We also provide the presentation and analysis of a case study in two cities of the state of North Dakota: Casselton and Fargo. Our work concludes with the cost-benefit analysis of both models (docked vs. dockless) to suggest the potential advantages of the proposed model.
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Laksmana, Tb Adinda. "MOTIVATIONAL CHARACTERISTICS OF URBAN CYCLISTS: CASE OF TOC AND JGC – SCAM BICYCLE CLUBS." ASEAN Journal on Hospitality and Tourism 17, no. 2 (December 15, 2019): 106. http://dx.doi.org/10.5614/ajht.2019.17.2.4.
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Choi, Donggyu, Minyoung Kim, and Jongwook Jang. "A study on the development of joint tracking-based exercise contents technology for improving the strength of older people." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 11, no. 3 (June 1, 2021): 2563. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v11i3.pp2563-2568.
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Currently, Korea's population is aging rapidly, and there is a lot of interest in the area of life in old age. Especially, as you get older, your ability to exercise gradually decreases, and you need to exercise continuously for your health. As a result, Korea older people exercise more than welfare powerhouse Japan. However, recently studies show that physical function lags even further. The results are based on a lack of diversity in motion. In Korea, people enjoy walking, hiking, and riding bicycles, but in Japan, there is a difference in the quality of exercise such as muscle-building exercise class, ball exercise, and underwater exercise. The old Korean ways of exercising are all high-intensity sports, but some do not know whether the purpose is for social club purposes. In this paper, real-time joint tracking using a single camera and deep learning was carried out to study the development direction of content that can measure or improve exercise ability to improve actual muscle strength.
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Kokinda, Marek, Martin Jesenský, and Milan Turek. "Hodnotenie rýchlostno-silových schopností profesionálnych hokejistov v trojročnom časovom intervale." Studia sportiva 10, no. 2 (December 12, 2016): 121–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.5817/sts2016-2-12.
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Speed and strength may be referred to as a factor determining success in ice hockey. These abilities are developed mainly during the summer preparatory period. Upon its completion players underwent testing aimed to determine body composition, strength and anaerobic alactic abilities by performing the Wingate test. The reference sample consisted of 11 senior category ice hockey players playing for the hockey teams in NHL, KHL, and Czech and Slovak national leagues. The evaluation of changes in speed and strength between 2013 and 2015 showed gains in lower-body explosive power after a one- -year period. Compared to players playing for hockey clubs abroad, Slovak players achieved higher level of explosive power and jump height as indicated by performances in lower-body explosive power test performed both with and without countermovement. Statistical analysis showed that power increases during the initial five-second interval at lower pedaling rate on the bicycle ergometer.
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ПОЛЫНСКИЙ, Анатолий, and Anatoliy POLYANSKIY. "THE MAIN DEVELOPMENT DIRECTIONS OF ACTIVE RECREATION AND ACTIVE TOURISM IN OMSK REGION." Service & Tourism: Current Challenges 11, no. 3 (September 4, 2017): 120–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.22412/1995-0411-2017-11-3-120-129.
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The article deals with the development of active recreation and active tourism in Omsk region. The relevance of this direction is due to the growing interest in the types of recreation able to promote the rapid and effective recovery of a person. The article considers the meaning of the notions “active vacation” and “active tourism”, and points out the prevalence of substituting them. It occurs because this types of recreation are similar to other active types of human activity. The article considers the most popular directions and programs at the city and regional levels. The author notes that elements of active recreation and tourism, one way or another, are offered by many entities of the tourism sphere in the region. The regional infrastructure of active recreation and tourism includes several dozens of organizations, various communities, hobby clubs providing these services or uniting likminded people. The article defines the number of development trends in active recreation and tourism. Among them are the following: the expansion of a number of organizations of their activities from narrowly professional areas to the provision of services to a wide range of people; implementation at the regional level of programs aimed at the introduction of active forms of familiarization with the historical and cultural heritage of the native city; increasing the role in the development of active recreation and tourism of various communities, hobby clubs (automobile, bicycle, tourist), often acting as organizers and co-organizers of various social events; the outgrowth of communities and clubs of active recreation and tourism in the campaign engaged in the development and implementation of active tours.
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Hwang, Sunhwan, and Songhee Kim. "Difference in Leisure Satisfaction based on Interaction between Recreation Specialization and Conspicuous Leisure Consumption in Members of Bicycle Riding Clubs." Korean Journal of Physical Education 56, no. 2 (March 31, 2017): 419–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.23949/kjpe.2017.03.56.2.29.
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Poderys, Jonas, Liepa Bikulčienė, Eugenijus Trinkūnas, Kristina Poderienė, Alfonsas Buliuolis, and Alfonsas Vainoras. "MATRIX ANALYSIS OF ECG PARAMETERS MAY BE A WAY TO IMPROVE QUALITY OF FUNCTIONAL STATE MONITORING DURING EXERCISING." Baltic Journal of Sport and Health Sciences 4, no. 99 (2015): 39–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.33607/bjshs.v4i99.101.
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Research background. The aim of this study was to compare the peculiarities of dynamics of cardiovascular functional state indices during bicycle ergometry by applying the steep or slow increase in workload. Methods. Twenty five males attending health promotion sport clubs took part in two cardiovascular testing procedures performing graded exercise stress, i.e. increasing the workload every min, and increasing the workload every 6 min. They exercised till the inability to continue the task or when distressing cardiovascular symptoms supervened. 12 Lead ECG was recovered and analysed. Results. The steep increase of registered cardiovascular parameters was observed at onset of exercising and the rate of it depended on the increase rate in workload. Registered maximal changes of heart rate, JT interval, and the ratio JT/RR as a functional state index at the moment of refusing to continue the graded exercise test were of the same level while applying the steep or slow increase in workload. Conclusions. The rate of increase in workload determines the mobilization rate but not the degree of increase of ECG parameters. Maximal changes of heart rate, JT interval, and the ratio JT/RR as functional state index at the moment of refusing to continue the graded exercise test were the same level while applying the steep or slow increase in workload.
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Bandyopadhyay, Amit. "Modification of Cooper’s 12-min Run Test for Valid Prediction of Cardiorespiratory Fitness in Male and Female Boxers of India." Exercise Medicine 7 (October 9, 2023): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.26644/em.2023.003.
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Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the authenticity for application of Cooper’s 12 min run test (CRT) to predict VO<sub>2max</sub> in male and female boxers in India.Methods: Participants of both sexes (male=70, female=60) were recruited from different boxing clubs in India, and randomly allocated to the study group (male = 40, female = 30) and cross-validation group (male = 30, female = 30). VO<sub>2max</sub> was directly estimated by bicycle exercise with progressive workload followed by expired gas analysis in a Scholander micro-gas analyzer. CRT method was used for indirect prediction of VO<sub>2max</sub>.Results: Predicted VO<sub>2max</sub> (PVO<sub>2max</sub>) and directly measured VO<sub>2max</sub> were found to be significantly (p<0.001) different in the study groups of both sexes, with wide range of limit of agreement between PVO<sub>2max</sub> and VO<sub>2max</sub>. This indicates the inapplicability of existing CRT protocol in the male and female boxers. Simple linear regression was computed owing to existence of significant positive correlation (r = 0.84 and 0.89 in males and females, respectively; p<0.001) between VO<sub>2max</sub> and distance covered in the run test. These newly derived norms depicted insignificant variation between PVO<sub>2max</sub> and VO<sub>2max</sub> in the confirmatory group of both sexes.Conclusions: Modified equations computed in this study for the prediction of cardiorespiratory fitness in terms of VO<sub>2max</sub> by CRT were recommended in male and female Indian boxers.
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Bino, Mr J., and Dharani V. "Intelligent Bicycle Race Monitoring System Using IoT." International Journal of Advanced Research in Science, Communication and Technology, May 28, 2021, 410–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.48175/ijarsct-1252.
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Internet of Things (IoT) plays a pivotal role in easing the work of people. Internet of Things is a system of interrelated computing devices, mechanical and digital machines, objects, animals, or people that are provided with unique identifiers (UIDs) and the ability to transfer data over a network without requiring human-to-human or human-to-computer interaction. The unique identifiers mentioned above are RF transmitters, which use electromagnetic fields to automatically identify and track tags attached to objects. Using RF technology, we will decrease manually achieved workloads considerably and RF technology is universal, useful, and efficient. The microcontroller is used to extract information from the RF transmitter and send it to the system with the help of a Wi-Fi module. By incorporating these technologies, it helps us in tracking the bicycles and do the required analysis. This project is primarily designed to monitor bicycles in a bicycle club. It is used to identify the location of bicycles that are used within a particular area. The hardware architecture consists of a transmitter, RF receiver, microcontroller, Wi-Fi module, Web server, and database server. The web server and database server are located in the master station. The RF transmitters are distributed around an open area. They are programmed with a unique ID for each bicycle. The communication between the tag reader and the webserver is done via microcontroller and Wi-Fi modules.
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Mila Dia Nor Asiya, Winarto, and Febrina Hambalah. "Pengaruh Atribut Produk, Citra Merek, Harga Terhadap Keputusan Pembelian Sepeda Polygon Dalam Masa Pandemi Covid-19." Journal Of Accounting and Business, May 30, 2023, 39–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.30649/jab.v2i1.111.
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Pandemic Covid-19 is an outbreak that creates new habits for people who start implementing health protocols starting from activities that also have a positive influence on the body. Cycling is one of the activities carried out by the community in their activities and spare time. Various bicycle brands are present in Indonesia, such as the Polygon Strattos S2, which is able to become a consumer choice in bicycle purchasing decisions. This study discusses the Influence of Product Attributes, Brand Image and Price on Polygon Bike Purchase Decisions during the Covid-19 Pandemic which focuses on the Strattos S2 type of bicycle which is a road bike. This research certainly has research respondents, namely the SCC (Strattos Cycling Club) bike community, totaling 45 respondents. The research technique used is non-probability sampling using questionnaires distributed to respondents. The data that has been obtained is processed using Staticial Product and Service Solution (SPSS) Software. After that, analysis was carried out using IBM SPSS Statistics 16. The results obtained showed that Product Attribute Variable (1) had a significant and positive effect on the Purchase Decision variable, Brand Image Variable (2) obtained significant and positive results on the Purchase Decision variable, Price Variable ( 3) shows that there is a significant and positive effect on the Purchase Decision variable.
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"William Valentine Mayneord, 14 February 1902 - 10 August 1988." Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society 37 (November 1991): 341–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbm.1991.0017.
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William Valentine Mayneord was born 14 February 1902, the last child of Walter and Elizabeth Mayneord, in Redditch, Worcestershire. Walter Mayneord, who worked first in a fishing-tackle factory in Redditch and later as agent for the Pearl Assurance Company, was clearly a man of many parts. As a youth he was an enthusiastic amateur runner, a very able chess player, playing for Worcestershire, and a well-known figure riding his bicycle aged over 80 and singing in the choir at 90, the year of his death. He was a devoted Gladstonian Liberal and a founder of the Liberal Club in Redditch. Walter and Elizabeth had two older children, Ewart and Gilbert. Ewart the eldest, though largely self-educated, had a great facility for languages and served as an interpreter on the Western Front in World War I. After the war he taught himself Russian and became foreign correspondent for a firm trading with Russia, which he visited on business. Unfortunately Ewart died from a brain tumour at about the age of 34. The other brother, Gilbert, was to some degree mentally deficient and worked as a labourer. But clearly, despite the meagre educational opportunities of the time, the Mayneord family had talent and ability: still earlier, grandfather William Mayneord had been a well-known local preacher. The family books also showed that they were surprisingly well read.
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Lammers, Astrid E., Anna Lena Romanowski, Helmut Baumgartner, Gerhard-Paul Diller, and Anselm Uebing. "Reference Values for Wristband Accelerometry Data in Children Aged 6–11 Years of Age." Frontiers in Pediatrics 10 (April 12, 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fped.2022.808372.
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ObjectivesWristband activity trackers (accelerometers) could serve as a convenient monitoring tool to continuously quantify physical activity throughout the day. We aim to provide reference values for the use of these devices in healthy children.MethodsChildren were recruited at a local school and provided with activity trackers (Fitbit Charge 2). Pupils were instructed to wear devices during all normal daytime activities over a period of 11–15 days. Demographic data, total number of daily steps and heart rate were recorded. In addition, all children/parents were asked to complete a questionnaire providing information about daily physical routine (mode of transport to school, sporting activities as well as sport club memberships).ResultsThree hundred two children (54.6% boys; median age 8.7 years) participated in this prospective study. Median wearing time of the device was 12.1 h/day. Overall, the median daily total step count was 12,095. Median step counts/day were significantly higher in boys compared to girls (13,015 vs. 11,305 steps/day; p < 0.0001). In addition, step counts were significantly higher during the week, compared to weekend days. The effect of age on daily step count was found to be non-linear: the total daily step count increased from 6 to 8.5 years of age, while older children (aged >8.5 years) had lower step counts compared to the younger children. Significant predictors of the daily step count were male gender (+1,324.9 steps, p = 0.0008), mode of transportation to school (walking, bicycle, scooter: +865.5 steps p = 0.049), active membership in a sports club (+1,324.9 steps/day, p = 0.0008), and number of structured units of physical exercise performed (+336.5/per 45 min, p < 0.0001). Severe obesity was associated with a significant reduction in total daily step count (−3037.7 steps/day, p = 0.015).ConclusionOur prospective cohort study of healthy school children provides reference values for wristband accelerometers in normal individuals. In addition, it clarifies the effect of age, body weight and lifestyle on normal daily step counts in school children. This data should be helpful to judge the degree of physical limitation of patients compared to healthy peers.
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Clanton, Thomas, H. Charles Chancellor, Harrison Pinckney IV, Venera Balidemaj, and Parisa Hadiandehkordi. "Bicycling as a Positive Youth Development Mechanism." Journal of Park and Recreation Administration, May 13, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18666/jpra-2021-10589.
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Recreational activities are uniquely suited for the implementation of a positive youth development (PYD) approach, as they create space for youths’ physical, psychological, and social development. This may be especially true for vulnerable youth who face additional risk factors such as single parent homes and living in low-income communities. Momentum Bicycle Clubs (MBC), based in Greenville, South Carolina, use noncompetitive recreational bicycling as a mechanism to facilitate group mentoring opportunities for high-risk youth. MBC engage youth with their community while providing opportunities for leadership, building positive relationships, exercise, and learning new skills. This exploratory project’s purpose is to better understand the bicycle as a PYD mechanism through group mentoring by studying MBC program design, processes, and outcomes. Researchers identified three primary themes that indicated the bicycle provided youth opportunities to gain responsibility, confidence, and improved health. Sub themes provided additional context. For example, youth gained responsibility for their bikes and related equipment, as well as their individual and the group’s safety. MBC is an example of using individual specialized recreation equipment as an effective PYD mechanism that allows the program to meet more PYD desired outcomes than traditional programs. The bicycle rides differentiate the program dynamic from other PYD programs as the mentors are also group participants. This allows the mentors to share in the experience and role model behavior, which may foster stronger group identity and cohesiveness. Year-round asset intensive programs of this nature have management challenges, including sufficient resources (e.g., bicycle storage and maintenance), mentors willing to ride bicycles, as well as ensuring youth safety while riding. The resource challenges are met through extensive partnerships with government, nonprofit, and commercial agencies, which has also benefitted the program through a wider variety of mentors, adult role models, internship opportunities for the youth, and community knowledge about MBC. Safe bicycling is accomplished through extensive training, locating the clubs in areas with access to low traffic streets, and a 20-mile paved multiuse path. Lastly, since it is difficult to have meaningful conversations while riding, mentors must build in time before and after rides and at planned stops to facilitate the most meaningful mentor-mentee relationships.
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Thormann, Tim F., and Pamela Wicker. "Environmentally-Friendly Stadium Travel of Football Fans: A Stated Preferences Study." Journal of Sports Economics, September 11, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/15270025231200889.
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Drawing on a rational choice framework, this study investigates fans’ stated preferences for (more) environmentally-friendly stadium travel (bicycles/e-scooters) on game days. Data from fans of a German Football Bundesliga club were collected using an online survey in 2021 ( n = 1,652). Travel preferences were assessed using the contingent behavior method. The results of regression analyses indicate that the likelihood of using environmentally-friendly transportation means increases with perceived benefits, while perceived costs decrease this likelihood. Specifically, perceived environmental benefits and being an environmental role model had a positive effect, while monetary, convenience, and time-related costs had a negative effect.
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MacLeod, Kirk. "On My Bike by K. Winters." Deakin Review of Children's Literature 8, no. 2 (November 2, 2018). http://dx.doi.org/10.20361/dr29385.
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Winters, Kari-Lynn. On My Bike. Illustrated by Christina Leist. Tradewind Books, 2017.
Following their award-winning 2009 book, On My Bike, Winters and Leist have created a delightful, easy to read story following a young child taking a bicycle ride with their parents. The book, clearly designed to be read aloud, establishes a simple rhyming pattern which allows both narrative and sound effects to connect with the reading experience.
Much of the enjoyment of the story comes from the connected sound effects and the structure, wherein the protagonist, cleverly left both unnamed and without a defined gender, goes on a bicycle ride with one parent while the other stays behind with a younger child. The story follows the two on their bicycle ride and once they have made the end of their trip, follows them back through all of the previous story elements, allowing easier understanding and recognition for younger readers, and ending up back with both parents.
A very simple story following a relatable event for young cyclists, as well as those getting ready to begin cycling, On My Bike has a warm and welcoming style that would work great for preschoolers aged three to five.
Highly recommended: 4 out of 4 starsReviewer: Kirk MacLeod
Kirk is the Open Data Team Lead for the Government of Alberta’s Open Government Portal. A Life-Long reader, he moderates two book clubs and is constantly on the lookout for new great books!
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Clanton, Thomas, Charles Chancellor, Harrison Pinckney, and Venera Balidemaj. "Examining Youth Bicycle Programming Through the Empowerment- Based Youth Development Model." Journal of Youth Development 18, no. 1 (April 20, 2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.34068/jyd.18.01.04.
Full textAbstract:
This study evaluates Momentum Bicycle Clubs (MBC) through the empowerment-based positive youth development framework (EMPYD). Data were collected through eight cross-sectional focus groups of MBC youth participants (ages 10-17). Sessions included three topics: the MBC program, the mentors, and the bicycle, all of which elucidated elements of an EMPYD program for analysis. The data were analyzed utilizing an interpretative phenomenological approach. The results of the focus groups revealed how MBC empowers its youth participants. MBC displayed characteristics of the EMPYD model by providing youth with opportunities to develop mastery and moral identity in addition to the 5Cs of positive youth development. Interactions with a diverse set of mentors and peers allowed program participants to gain mastery of physical, social, and emotional skills. These connections also provided avenues for the development of empathy, caring, and character. MBC empowered its participants by fostering a sense of community that was dependable and consistent. However, the data did not reveal how or if MBC empowers youth to participate in active and engaged citizenship. MBC represents a programmatic model that utilizes many aspects of the EMPYD framework. MBC provide youth with the opportunity to develop mastery over the bicycle and to develop their moral reasoning through relationships with a group of adult mentors. With some adjustment, the program can further empower youth by providing intentional programming that focuses on culturally specific community building and by providing program participants with the opportunity to engage in culturally specific citizenship.
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Ota, Koshi, Hitoshi Kobata, Yoshisuke Hamada, Saki Mizutani, Terunari Okuyama, Kanna Ota, Yuriko Takeda, and Akira Takasu. "Anisocoria without extraocular muscle impairment due to moderate traumatic brain injury with midbrain contusion: a case report." BMC Neurology 23, no. 1 (July 15, 2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12883-023-03331-2.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Background New-onset anisocoria is an important clinical clue to life-threatening intracranial injury. Anisocoria alone without impairment of extraocular muscles is a rare presentation of moderate traumatic brain injury (TBI). Case presentation A 79-year-old woman was transported to hospital soon after falling off a bicycle. Glasgow Coma Scale score on arrival was 11 (E3V3M5). On examination at admission, she was found to be drowsy. Bruising was seen around the right eye and pupil diameters differed (right, 4.5 mm; left, 3.0 mm; both reactive to light). Computed tomography of the head revealed hemorrhagic contusion in the left temporal lobe and left pretectal area of the midbrain, right clavicular fracture, and pulmonary contusion with fractures of the 3rd and 4th ribs. Magnetic resonance imaging confirmed hemorrhagic contusion of the midbrain. The patient achieved full recovery of motor and mental functions with conservative treatment and was discharged on hospital day 17. Conclusion We encountered a case of anisocoria without major extraocular muscle impairment due to moderate TBI with midbrain contusion.
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Poderienė, Kristina, Alfonsas Buliuolis, Vilma Papievienė, and Jonas Poderys. "Rate of Increase in Workload Determines the Mobilization Rate But Not the Degree of Increase in ECG Parameters." Baltic Journal of Sport and Health Sciences 1, no. 96 (May 3, 2018). http://dx.doi.org/10.33607/bjshs.v1i96.77.
Full textAbstract:
Background. The aim of this study was to compare the peculiarities of the dynamics of cardiovascular functional state indices during bicycle ergometry by applying the steep or slow increase in workload.Methods. Twenty five males attending health promotion sport clubs took part in two cardiovascular testing procedures by performing graded exercise stress, i.e. increase in workload every 1 min, and increase in workload every 6 min, and they exercised till the inability to continue the task or unless distressing cardiovascular symptoms supervened; 12 lead ECG was recorded and analysed.Results. The steep increase of registered cardiovascular parameters was observed at onset of exercising and the rate of was in dependence on the rate of the increase in workload. Registered maximal changes of heart rate, JT interval, and the ratio JT/RR as functional state indices at the moment of refusing to continue the graded exercise test were at the same level while applying the steep or slow increase in workload.Conclusions. The rate of increase in workload determines the mobilization rate but not the degree of increase of ECG parameters. Maximal changes of heart rate, JT interval, and the ratio JT/RR as functional state indices at the moment of refusing to continue the graded exercise test were at the same level while applying the steep or slow increase in workload.Keywords: cardiovascular system, graded exercise stress, functional state
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Gloc, Dagmara, Zbigniew Nowak, Agata Nowak-Lis, Tomasz Gabryś, Urszula Szmatlan-Gabrys, Peter Valach, and Anna Pilis. "Indoor cycling training in rehabilitation of patients after myocardial infarction." BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation 13, no. 1 (November 29, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13102-021-00379-w.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Background Standard endurance training used from the second stage of cardiac rehabilitation has many common features with indoor cycling training which is used in fitness clubs. In the study, an attempt was made to evaluate the usefulness of this form of training in a 24-day rehabilitation program for patients after myocardial infarction. The study examined a group of 64 patients (51.34 ± 8.02 years) who were divided into two groups: the IC group (32 patients aged 53.40 ± 4.31 years) with indoor cycling training instead of standard endurance training; and the ST group (32 patients aged 55.31 ± 6.45 years) performing standard training. The level of exercise tolerance (cardiopulmonary exercise testing on a treadmill—Bruce’s protocol), hemodynamic indicators of the left ventricle (echocardiography) and blood lipid profile (laboratory test) were assessed. Results In the IC group there was a significant increase in the test duration (9.21 ± 2.02 vs 11.24 ± 1.26 min; p < 0.001), the MET value (9.16 ± 1.30 vs 10.73 ± 1.23; p = 0.006) and VO2max (37.27 ± 3.23 vs 39.10 ± 3.17 ml/kg/min; p < 0.001). Parallel changes were observed in the ST group, where the following parameters improved: the test duration (9.41 ± 0.39 vs 10.91 ± 2.22; p < 0.001), MET value (8.65 ± 0.25 vs 9.86 ± 1.12; p = 0.002) and VO2max (36.89 ± 6.22 vs 38.76 ± 3.44; p < 0.001). No statistically significant changes were found in the hemodynamic indices of the left ventricle and the lipid profile. Also, the intergroup analysis did not show any statistical significance. Conclusion Based on the research results, it was found that indoor cycling training in the second phase of cardiac rehabilitation is a safe form of therapy and therefore may be an interesting alternative method to the classic bicycle ergometer exercise in the stage of early cardiac rehabilitation.
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Sak, Dilara, Taygun Dayı, Erkan Günay, and Adile Öniz. "Moderate intensity aerobic exercise effects on the quality of life and general health." Turkish Journal of Sports Medicine, September 10, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.47447/tjsm.0576.
Full textAbstract:
Objective: Effects of regular physical activity on the human health is an important factor for the life quality parameters. The present study aimed to determine effects of moderate aerobic exercise on the life quality and human health. Materials and Methods: There were three groups (competitive cyclists, recreational cyclists and control) who voluntarily participated in this study. The cyclists of the National Bicycle Federation who could continue trainings during the Corona virus pandemic (n: 50), cyclists of the amateur clubs (n: 50) and 50 sedentary adults (≥19 years) were enrolled (n:150). World Health Organization Quality of Life Questionnaire Abbreviated Version - WHOQOL-BREF-TR was used to determine participants' life qualities. Results: Competitive cyclists trained for 13.33 (±7.24) hours per week and they had 4798 min/week MET values. Subgroup scores of WHQOL-BREF-TR (physical, psychological, social, environmental, national environment, general life quality and health) were found to be higher in competitive cyclists than others (recreational cyclists and sedentary adults). In addition, the values of competitive and amateur cyclists in the physical health level parameters were higher than the control group. Competitive cyclists had higher scores for psychological, social health and general life quality subgroups than others (p<0.05). Conclusion: The present study showed that if physical activity level increases, general health status and life quality increase. As a result of the study, it was found that moderate-intensity aerobic exercise (2600-4800 MET-min/week energy expenditure) between 7-13 hours a week supports the protection of general health and has positive effects on life quality. There is a need for future research to determine different exercise types, intensity, frequency and their effects on the general health status and life quality.