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Journal articles on the topic 'Bi-metallic nanoparticles'

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Author: Grafiati

Published: 14 March 2023

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1

Mohan, Santhanam, and Manickam Vishnu Devan. "Photocatalytic activity of Ag/Ni bi-metallic nanoparticles on textile dye removal." Green Processing and Synthesis 8, no. 1 (January 28, 2019): 895–900. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/gps-2019-0060.

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Abstract The photocatalysis of Ag/Ni bi-metallic nano-particles on safranin O dye degradation was evaluated by UV light irradiations. Ag/Ni bi-metallic nanoparticles were synthesized by the green approach using Zingiber officinale root (Zinger) extract. The average particles size of Ag/Ni bi-metallic nanoparticles was found to be 70-88 nm from SEM image and from XRD patterns it was confirmed that the existence of Ag/Ni bi-metallic nano-particles. 8 mg of Ag/Ni bi-metallic nanoparticles present in 40 mL of 10 ppm dye, degraded completely in presence of UV light irradiations within 30 min time durations. The effect of dye degradation within a short period of time (30 min) was due to wide band gap energy and photochemical redox reactions.

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2

Stasyuk, Natalia Ye, Galina Z. Gayda, Roman Ja Serkiz, and Mykhailo V. Gonchar. "Cell Imaging with Fluorescent Bi-Metallic Nanoparticles." JOURNAL OF ADVANCES IN CHEMISTRY 11, no. 4 (March 9, 2015): 3499–511. http://dx.doi.org/10.24297/jac.v11i4.6694.

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Last decades various imaging techniques have been applied in biological and biomedical research, such as magnetic resonance imaging, different types of tomography, fluorescence/bioluminescence, ultrasound, as well as multimodality approaches. Fluorescence imaging, especially in combination with nanoscale materials, is a very prospective tool for experiments in vivo and clinical applications due to its high temporal and spatial resolutions. Fluorescent nanoparticles (NPs), having ability to interact with biomolecules both on the surface of and inside the cells, may revolutionize the cell imaging approaches for diagnostics and therapy. In our investigation we report about new method of cell imaging with fluorescent bi-metallic NPs synthesized by chemical reduction of the relevant ions. As the model of living organism, the cells of yeast Hansenula polymorpha were used. All NPs in minimal concentration (up to 0.05 mM) was proved to be non-toxic for yeast cells. The NPs and NPs-modified cells were characterized with the methods of UV-VIS spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, atom force microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and fluorescence microscopy. The bimetallic NPs, possessing the stable fluorescence in solution and inside the cells, allow to observe the phenomenon of NPs transferring from parental to daughter cells through at least three generations followed by releasing from the modified cells. The fluorescent NPs synthesized being small, non-toxic and fluorescent was shown to be perspective tool for cell imaging.

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3

Jia, Wen, Dong Peng, Zijuan Feng, Xue Wu, Yi Liu, Xuxu Zheng, and Xiaoya Yuan. "UV-light-assisted green preparation of Bi/BiOBr/RGO composites with oxygen vacancies toward enhanced photocatalytic removal of organic dye." New Journal of Chemistry 44, no. 19 (2020): 7749–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0nj01296c.

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4

Arčon, Iztok, Stefano Paganelli, Oreste Piccolo, Michele Gallo, Katarina Vogel-Mikuš, and Franco Baldi. "XAS analysis of iron and palladium bonded to a polysaccharide produced anaerobically by a strain ofKlebsiella oxytoca." Journal of Synchrotron Radiation 22, no. 5 (July 16, 2015): 1215–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s1600577515010371.

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Klebsiella oxytocaBAS-10 ferments citrate to acetic acid and CO2, and secretes a specific exopolysaccharide (EPS), which is able to bind different metallic species. These biomaterials may be used for different biotechnological purposes, including applications as innovative green biogenerated catalysts. In production of biogenerated Pd species, the Fe(III) as ferric citrate is added to anaerobic culture ofK. oxytocaBAS-10, in the presence of palladium species, to increase the EPS secretion and improve Pd-EPS yield. In this process, bi-metallic (FePd-EPS) biomaterials were produced for the first time. The morphology of bi-metallic EPS, and the chemical state of the two metals in the FePd-EPS, are investigated by transmission electron microscopy, Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy, micro-X-ray fluorescence, and X-ray absorption spectroscopy methods (XANES and EXAFS), and compared with mono-metallic Pd-EPS and Fe-EPS complexes. Iron in FePd-EPS is in the mineralized form of iron oxides/hydroxides, predominantly in the form of Fe3+, with a small amount of Fe2+in the structure, most probably a mixture of different nano-crystalline iron oxides and hydroxides, as in mono-metallic Fe-EPS. Palladium is found as Pd(0) in the form of metallic nanoparticles with face-centred cubic structure in both bi-metallic (FePd-EPS) and mono-metallic (Pd-EPS) species. In bi-metallic species, Pd and Fe nanoparticles agglomerate in larger clusters, but they remain spatially separated. The catalytic ability of bi-metallic species (FePd-EPS) in a hydrodechlorination reaction is improved in comparison with mono-metallic Pd-EPS.

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5

Wang, Dong, and Peter Schaaf. "Ni–Au bi-metallic nanoparticles formed via dewetting." Materials Letters 70 (March 2012): 30–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matlet.2011.11.102.

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6

Mukherji, D. "A Novel Method for the Synthesis of Core-shell Magnetic Nanoparticle." Defence Science Journal 66, no. 4 (June 28, 2016): 291. http://dx.doi.org/10.14429/dsj.66.10203.

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<p>Core-shell type magnetic nanoparticles are finding attractive applications in biomedicine, from diagnostic to cancer therapy. Both for targeted drug delivery and hyperthermia, as well as a contrast agent used for external biomedical imaging systems, small (< 20 nm) superparamagnetic nanoparticles are desired. Some iron oxide nanoparticle formulations are already approved for human administration as contrast agent for magnetic resonance imaging. However, search continues for nanoparticles with higher saturation magnetisation. Metallic, bi-metallic and intermetallic magnetic nanoparticles are finding attention. Biocompatibility and optimal clearance are important criteria for the medical applications and therefore core-shell type particles are favored, where a biocompatible shell (e.g. polymer, Silica) can prevent inadvertent host reaction with the magnetic core. A recently developed novel synthesis method (electrochemical selective phase dissolution - ESPD), which can produce core-shell magnetic nanoparticles, is reviewed in this paper. ESPD, as the name suggests, uses electro-chemical separation of a phase from metallic alloys to synthesize nanoparticles. It is a versatile method and can be adopted to produce a wide range of nanostructures in addition to the core-shell magnetic nanoparticles.</p>

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7

Ameen, Fuad. "Optimization of the Synthesis of Fungus-Mediated Bi-Metallic Ag-Cu Nanoparticles." Applied Sciences 12, no. 3 (January 27, 2022): 1384. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12031384.

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Bi-metallic nanoparticles (NPs) have appeared to be more efficient as antimicrobials than mono-metallic NPs. The fungus Aspergillus terreus-mediated synthesis of bi-metallic Ag-Cu NPs was optimized using response surface methodology (RSM) to reach the maximum yield of NPs. The optimal conditions were validated using ANOVA. The optimal conditions were 1.5 mM total metal (Ag + Cu) concentration, 1.25 mg fungal biomass, 350 W microwave power, and 15 min reaction time. The structure and shape of the synthesized NPs (mostly 20–30 nm) were characterized using several analytical tools. The biological activities of the synthesized NPs were assessed by studying their antioxidant, antibacterial, and cytotoxic activity in different NP concentrations. A dose-dependent response was observed in each test. Bi-metallic Ag-Cu NPs inhibited three clinically relevant human pathogens: Klebsiella pneumoniae, Enterobacter cloacae, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Escherichia coli, Enterococcus faecalis, and Staphylococcus aureus were inhibited less. The DPPH and hydrogen peroxide scavenging activities of the NPs were high, reaching 90% scavenging. Ag-Cu NPs could be studied as antimicrobials in different applications. The optimization procedure using statistical analyses was successful in improving the yield of nanoparticles.

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8

Ilker, Efe, Melihat Madran, Mine Konuk, and Sondan Durukanoğlu. "Growth and shape stability of Cu–Ni core–shell nanoparticles: an atomistic perspective." Chemical Communications 54, no. 96 (2018): 13583–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8cc05966g.

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9

Assis, Marcelo, Eloísa Cordoncillo, Rafael Torres-Mendieta, Héctor Beltrán-Mir, Gladys Mínguez-Vega, Amanda Fernandes Gouveia, Edson Leite, Juan Andrés, and Elson Longo. "Laser-induced formation of bismuth nanoparticles." Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 20, no. 20 (2018): 13693–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8cp01225c.

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In the current communication, the synthesis of metallic Bi nanoparticles with coexisting crystallographic structures (rhombohedral, monoclinic, and cubic) obtained via direct femtosecond laser irradiation of NaBiO₃ is demonstrated for the first time.

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10

Kang, Hyejun, Sri Harini Rajendran, and Jae Pil Jung. "Low Melting Temperature Sn-Bi Solder: Effect of Alloying and Nanoparticle Addition on the Microstructural, Thermal, Interfacial Bonding, and Mechanical Characteristics." Metals 11, no. 2 (February 22, 2021): 364. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met11020364.

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Sn-based lead-free solders such as Sn-Ag-Cu, Sn-Cu, and Sn-Bi have been used extensively for a long time in the electronic packaging field. Recently, low-temperature Sn-Bi solder alloys attract much attention from industries for flexible printed circuit board (FPCB) applications. Low melting temperatures of Sn-Bi solders avoid warpage wherein printed circuit board and electronic parts deform or deviate from the initial state due to their thermal mismatch during soldering. However, the addition of alloying elements and nanoparticles Sn-Bi solders improves the melting temperature, wettability, microstructure, and mechanical properties. Improving the brittleness of the eutectic Sn-58wt%Bi solder alloy by grain refinement of the Bi-phase becomes a hot topic. In this paper, literature studies about melting temperature, microstructure, inter-metallic thickness, and mechanical properties of Sn-Bi solder alloys upon alloying and nanoparticle addition are reviewed.

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11

Smith, Sarah E., Ali R. Siamaki, B. Frank Gupton, and Everett E. Carpenter. "CuPd nanoparticles as a catalyst in carbon–carbon cross-coupling reactions by a facile oleylamine synthesis." RSC Advances 6, no. 94 (2016): 91541–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6ra17369a.

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12

Majedi, Mona, Elham Safaei, and Sašo Gyergyek. "New iron(iii) complex of bis-bidentate-anchored diacyl resorcinol on a Fe₃O₄ nanomagnet: C–H bond oxygenation, oxidative cleavage of alkenes and benzoxazole synthesis." RSC Advances 13, no. 6 (2023): 4040–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d2ra06818d.

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13

Sachan, R., G. Duscher, R. Kalyanaraman, H. Garcia, and S. Pennycook. "Surface plasmon response of self-organized bi-metallic plasmonic nanoparticles." Microscopy and Microanalysis 18, S2 (July 2012): 1388–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927612008793.

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14

Grammatikopoulos, Panagiotis, Joseph Kioseoglou, Antony Galea, Jerome Vernieres, Maria Benelmekki, Rosa E. Diaz, and Mukhles Sowwan. "Kinetic trapping through coalescence and the formation of patterned Ag–Cu nanoparticles." Nanoscale 8, no. 18 (2016): 9780–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5nr08256k.

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In recent years, due to its inherent flexibility, magnetron-sputtering has been widely used to synthesise bi-metallic nanoparticles (NPs) via subsequent inert-gas cooling and gas-phase condensation of the sputtered atomic vapour.

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15

Ranabhat, K., K. S. Skripkin, K. F. Chernyshova, E. A. Sofronova, A. A. Revina, A. I. Pylinina, L. N. Patrikeev, and V. A. Lapshinsky. "Enhanced performance of a dye sensitized solar cell using metallic and bi-metallic nanoparticles." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 498 (April 16, 2019): 012021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/498/1/012021.

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16

Fouad, Osama A., Fatma Morsy, Samya El-Sherbiny, and Diaa Abd Elshafy. "Metal Nanoparticles Based Inkjet Ink for Advanced Circuit Board Application." Journal of Nanotechnology in Diagnosis and Treatment 5 (February 27, 2017): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.12974/2311-8792.2017.05.1.

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This study investigates the synthesis of mono metallic (copper and silver) and bi-metallic (copper/silver core/shell) conductive nanopigments for inkjet printing. Polyethylene glycol (PEG) was used as a main reducing agent followed by polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) as a capping and dispersing agent. From the XRD, TEM, and SEM analyses, the synthesized mono and bi metallic particles were con?rmed to be in a nano scale with particle size 7, 8.5 and 15.5 nm for copper, silver and copper/silver core/shell, respectively. The prepared nanopigments were included in inkjet ink formulation and printed on flexible polyethylene terephthalate (PET) films. The printed ink films were sintered at various temperatures (110, 150, 200). The results revealed that the resistivity of these particles was reduced by sintering and the resistivity of Cu, Ag and Cu/Ag patterns sintered in air at 200 ºC for 30 min were 3.1, 2.99 and 4.14 µ?-cm, respectively. The obtained results were in a good agreement with the published ones and insured the promising using of our products in metal-based inkjet printed circuit boards (PCB).

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17

Barnes, Alexandra, Richard J. Lewis, David J. Morgan, Thomas E. Davies, and Graham J. Hutchings. "Enhancing catalytic performance of AuPd catalysts towards the direct synthesis of H₂O₂ through incorporation of base metals." Catalysis Science & Technology 12, no. 6 (2022): 1986–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1cy01962g.

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The introduction of small quantities of tertiary base metals into supported AuPd nanoparticles is found to result in improved catalytic performance towards the direct synthesis of H2O2 compared to the bi-metallic analogue.

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18

Khanal, Subarna, Nabraj Bhattarai, David McMaster, Daniel Bahena, J. Jesus Velazquez-Salazar, and Miguel Jose-Yacaman. "Highly monodisperse multiple twinned AuCu–Pt trimetallic nanoparticles with high index surfaces." Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 16, no. 30 (2014): 16278–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4cp02208d.

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Trimetallic nanoparticles possess different properties than their mono- and bi-metallic counterparts, opening a wide range of possibilities for diverse potential applications with the notion to study possible morphology, atomic ordering, reduce precious metal consumption and many others.

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19

Saurov, Alexander N., Pavel E. L’vov, Sergey V. Bulyarskiy, and Vyacheslav V. Svetukhin. "Formation of nanoparticles of bi-metallic catalysts for the growth of carbon nanotubes." Journal of Materials Chemistry C 10, no. 15 (2022): 5864–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d2tc00397j.

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20

Park, Joohyuk, Marcel Risch, Gyutae Nam, Minjoon Park, Tae Joo Shin, Suhyeon Park, Min Gyu Kim, Yang Shao-Horn, and Jaephil Cho. "Single crystalline pyrochlore nanoparticles with metallic conduction as efficient bi-functional oxygen electrocatalysts for Zn–air batteries." Energy & Environmental Science 10, no. 1 (2017): 129–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6ee03046g.

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We have shown that highly efficient metallic pyrochlore oxide nanoparticles (Pb₂Ru₂O_6.5) exhibit outstanding activity as bi-functional electrocatalysts in aqueous Zn–air batteries for ORR and OER.

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21

König, Ramona, Michael Schwarze, Reinhard Schomäcker, and Cosima Stubenrauch. "Catalytic Activity of Mono- and Bi-Metallic Nanoparticles Synthesized via Microemulsions." Catalysts 4, no. 3 (July 1, 2014): 256–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal4030256.

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22

Ahn, Kangwoo, Su Yong Lee, In Hwa Cho, Yoonhee Kim, Hyon Chol Kang, and Do Young Noh. "Phase separated bi-metallic PtNi nanoparticles formed by pulsed laser dewetting." Nanotechnology 32, no. 8 (December 2, 2020): 085708. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6528/abc9e9.

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23

Schmidl, G., M. Raugust, J. Dellith, A. Dellith, F. Schmidl, A. Bochmann, and J. Plentz. "Bi-metallic Pd/Au nanoparticles prepared by UV-excimer laser exposure." Materials Today Communications 25 (December 2020): 101141. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mtcomm.2020.101141.

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24

Conte, Francesco, Ilenia Rossetti, Gianguido Ramis, Cyril Vaulot, Samar Hajjar-Garreau, and Simona Bennici. "Low Metal Loading (Au, Ag, Pt, Pd) Photo-Catalysts Supported on TiO2 for Renewable Processes." Materials 15, no. 8 (April 15, 2022): 2915. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15082915.

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Photo-catalysts based on titanium dioxide, and modified with highly dispersed metallic nanoparticles of Au, Ag, Pd and Pt, either mono- or bi-metallic, have been analyzed by multiple characterization techniques, including XRD, XPS, SEM, EDX, UV-Vis and N2 adsorption/desorption. Mono-metallic photo-catalysts were prepared by wet impregnation, while bi-metallic photocatalysts were obtained via deposition-precipitation (DP). The relationship between the physico-chemical properties and the catalyst’s behavior for various photo-synthetic processes, such as carbon dioxide photo-reduction to liquid products and glucose photo-reforming to hydrogen have been investigated. Among the tested materials, the catalysts containing platinum alone (i.e., 0.1 mol% Pt/TiO2) or bi-metallic gold-containing materials (e.g., 1 wt% (AuxAgy)/TiO2 and 1 wt% (AuxPtz)/TiO2) showed the highest activity, presenting the best results in terms of productivity and conversion for both applications. The textural, structural and morphological properties of the different samples being very similar, the main parameters to improve performance were function of the metal as electron sink, together with optoelectronic properties. The high activity in both applications was related to the low band gap, that allows harvesting more energy from a polychromatic light source with respect to the bare TiO2. Overall, high selectivity and productivity were achieved with respect to most literature data.

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25

Lee, Heon, Jaegu Park, Young-Kwon Park, Byung-Joo Kim, Kay-Hyeok An, Sang-Chai Kim, and Sang-Chul Jung. "Preparation and Characterization of Silver-Iron Bimetallic Nanoparticles on Activated Carbon Using Plasma in Liquid Process." Nanomaterials 11, no. 12 (December 14, 2021): 3385. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano11123385.

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The mono and bi-metallic nanoparticles have conspicuous properties and are widely used in the environment, energy, and medical fields. In this study, bimetallic nanoparticles composed of silver and iron were precipitated on the surface of activated carbon in a single process using plasma in liquid process (PLP). Silver-iron ions and various radicals were actively generated in the aqueous reactant solution by the PLP. Although metals were precipitated on AC depending on the number of precursors added to the aqueous reactant solution, the standard reduction potential of silver ions was higher than that of iron ions, so silver precipitated on AC. The silver precipitate on AC was a mixture of metallic silver and silver oxide, and iron was present as Fe3O4. Spherical nanoparticles, 100–120 nm in size, were observed on the surface of the Ag-Fe/AC composite. The composition of the bimetallic nanoparticles could be controlled by considering the ionization tendency and standard reduction potential of metal ions and controlling the concentration of the precursors. The PLP presented in this study can be applied to the preparing method of bimetallic nanoparticle/carbon materials and can be expected to be used in the prepare of energy and environmental materials such as MFC and absorption materials for removing pollutants.

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26

Mamonova, Daria V., Anna A. Vasileva, Yuri V. Petrov, Alexandra V. Koroleva, Denis V. Danilov, Ilya E. Kolesnikov, Gulia I. Bikbaeva, Julien Bachmann, and Alina A. Manshina. "Single Step Laser-Induced Deposition of Plasmonic Au, Ag, Pt Mono-, Bi- and Tri-Metallic Nanoparticles." Nanomaterials 12, no. 1 (December 31, 2021): 146. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano12010146.

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Multimetallic plasmonic systems usually have distinct advantages over monometallic nanoparticles due to the peculiarity of the electronic structure appearing in advanced functionality systems, which is of great importance in a variety of applications including catalysis and sensing. Despite several reported techniques, the controllable synthesis of multimetallic plasmonic nanoparticles in soft conditions is still a challenge. Here, mono-, bi- and tri-metallic nanoparticles were successfully obtained as a result of a single step laser-induced deposition approach from monometallic commercially available precursors. The process of nanoparticles formation is starting with photodecomposition of the metal precursor resulting in nucleation and the following growth of the metal phase. The deposited nanoparticles were studied comprehensively with various experimental techniques such as SEM, TEM, EDX, XPS, and UV-VIS absorption spectroscopy. The size of monometallic nanoparticles is strongly dependent on the type of metal: 140–200 nm for Au, 40–60 nm for Ag, 2–3 nm for Pt. Bi- and trimetallic nanoparticles were core-shell structures representing monometallic crystallites surrounded by an alloy of respective metals. The formation of an alloy phase took place between monometallic nanocrystallites of different metals in course of their growth and agglomeration stage.

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27

Nistor, Cristina Lavinia, Catalin Ionut Mihaescu, Daniela Bala, Ioana Catalina Gifu, Claudia Mihaela Ninciuleanu, Sabina Georgiana Burlacu, Cristian Petcu, et al. "Novel Hydrophobic Nanostructured Antibacterial Coatings for Metallic Surface Protection." Coatings 12, no. 2 (February 15, 2022): 253. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings12020253.

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A simple and cost-efficient method to modify different surfaces in order to improve their bioactivity, corrosion and wear resistance proved to be sol-gel coatings. The silane layers have been shown to be effective in the protection of steel, aluminum or magnesium alloys and copper and copper alloys. Moreover, it has been found that the adding of different inorganic nanoparticles into silica films leads to increasing their performance regarding corrosion protection. In this study, we fabricated, a simple sol-gel method, transparent mono- and bi-layered hydrophobic coatings with simultaneous antibacterial, hydrophobic and anti-corrosive properties for the protection of metallic surfaces against the action of air pollutants or from biological attacks of pathogens. The first layer (the base) of the coating contains silver (Ag) or zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles with an antibacterial effect. The second layer includes zinc oxide nanoparticles with flower-like morphology to increase the hydrophobicity of the coating and to improve corrosion-resistant properties. The second layer of the coating contains a fluorinated silica derivative, 1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluorooctyl triethoxysilane (PFOTES), which contributes to the hydrophobic properties of the final coating by means of its hydrophobic groups. The mono- and bi-layered coatings with micro/nano rough structures have been applied by brushing on various substrates, including metallic surfaces (copper, brass and mild steel) and glass (microscope slides). The as-prepared coatings showed improved hydrophobic properties (water CA > 90°) when compared with the untreated substrates while maintaining the transparent aspect. The corrosion resistance tests revealed significantly lower values of the corrosion rates recorded for all the protected metallic surfaces, with the lowest values being measured for the bi-layered coatings containing ZnO particles, both in the first and in the second layers of the coating. Considering the antibacterial activity, the most effective were the AOAg-II and AOZnO-II coatings, which exhibited the highest reduction of microbial growth.

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28

Ullah, Ruh, Hongqi Sun, Ha Ming Ang, Moses O. Tadé, and Shaobin Wang. "Visible light photocatalytic degradation of organics on nanoparticles of bi-metallic oxides." Separation and Purification Technology 89 (March 2012): 98–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.seppur.2012.01.014.

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29

Léger, J. M. "Preparation and activity of mono- or bi-metallic nanoparticles for electrocatalytic reactions." Electrochimica Acta 50, no. 15 (May 2005): 3123–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2004.11.063.

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30

Xue, Huan-Huan, Wen-Jin Shen, Wen-Chao Geng, Xia Yin, Yue Yang, Shaojun Guo, and Yong-Jun Li. "Asymmetrical etching of Ag nanoparticles into symmetry-reduced bi-metallic nanocups at the single-nanoparticle level." Chemical Communications 54, no. 52 (2018): 7227–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8cc03491e.

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By employing the water/air interface-confinement effect, local nanomasking and thus selective etching were achieved on single interfacial nanoparticles, developing a series of symmetry-reduced cubic, spherical, trough-like nanocups.

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31

Walsh, Dominic, Noelia M. Sanchez-Ballester, Katsuhiko Ariga, Akihiro Tanaka, and Mark Weller. "Chelate stabilized metal oxides for visible light photocatalyzed water oxidations." Green Chemistry 17, no. 2 (2015): 982–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4gc01604a.

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Lactate-stabilized calcium manganese oxide and cobalt hydroxide nanoparticles were utilized as catalysts in visible light photocatalyzed water oxidations. Chelated bi-metallic catalysts captured decomposed cobalt based electron acceptor and gave prolonged two stage reactions. Hydroxylated Co–lactates gave high TOF and O₂ yields. Chelation produced extended reactions, higher yields and reduced waste.

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32

Manivannan, Shanmugam, and Ramasamy Ramaraj. "Polymer-embedded gold and gold/silver nanoparticle-modified electrodes and their applications in catalysis and sensors." Pure and Applied Chemistry 83, no. 11 (July 11, 2011): 2041–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1351/pac-con-11-03-04.

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Metal nanoparticles encapsulated by silicate sol-gel matrix find numerous applications particularly in electrocatalysis and sensors. In our previous reports, we have reported the mono- and bi-metal gold, silver, and core/shell gold/silver nanoparticles embedded in functionalized silicate sol-gel matrices. Modified electrodes were fabricated using mono- and bi-metallic gold, silver, and core/shell gold/silver nanoparticles embedded in silicate sol-gel, and they were used for the electrocatalysis and sensing of H2O2 and simultaneous detection of hydrazine, sulfite, and nitrite. We have prepared the gold nanoparticles encapsulated by amine-functionalized silicate sol-gel matrix in a single step without using any external reducing agents. The gold nanoparticles were also synthesized by using amine-functionalized silane monomer in the presence of β-cyclodextrin (β-CD), resulting in metal/polymer core/shell nanostructures. This nanocomposite material showed a synergistic stabilizing effect when compared to either silicate sol-gel matrix or β-CD alone as stabilizer. The synthesized gold nanoparticles were characterized using UV–vis spectroscopy and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. Modified electrodes were prepared by using the gold nanoparticles embedded in silicate sol-gel matrix, and their electrochemical characteristics were studied.

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33

Yang, Kailun, Jia Li, Yang Peng, and Jun Lin. "Enhanced visible light photocatalysis over Pt-loaded Bi2O3: an insight into its photogenerated charge separation, transfer and capture." Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 19, no. 1 (2017): 251–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6cp06755g.

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Crystalline metallic Pt nanoparticles loaded on Bi₂O₃ promote the efficient separation of photogenerated electron–hole pairs by rapidly transferring electrons to the surface oxygen to form H₂O₂, leaving holes on the valence band to drive the degradation of organic compounds and the production of ˙OH radicals.

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34

Basavegowda, Nagaraj, Jayanta Kumar Patra, and Kwang-Hyun Baek. "Essential Oils and Mono/bi/tri-Metallic Nanocomposites as Alternative Sources of Antimicrobial Agents to Combat Multidrug-Resistant Pathogenic Microorganisms: An Overview." Molecules 25, no. 5 (February 27, 2020): 1058. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules25051058.

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Over the past few decades, many pathogenic bacteria have become resistant to existing antibiotics, which has become a threat to infectious disease control worldwide. Hence, there has been an extensive search for new, efficient, and alternative sources of antimicrobial agents to combat multidrug-resistant pathogenic microorganisms. Numerous studies have reported the potential of both essential oils and metal/metal oxide nanocomposites with broad spectra of bioactivities including antioxidant, anticancer, and antimicrobial attributes. However, only monometallic nanoparticles combined with essential oils have been reported on so far with limited data. Bi- and tri-metallic nanoparticles have attracted immense attention because of their diverse sizes, shapes, high surface-to-volume ratios, activities, physical and chemical stability, and greater degree of selectivity. Combination therapy is currently blooming and represents a potential area that requires greater attention and is worthy of future investigations. This review summarizes the synergistic effects of essential oils with other antimicrobial combinations such as mono-, bi-, and tri-metallic nanocomposites. Thus, the various aspects of this comprehensive review may prove useful in the development of new and alternative therapeutics against antibiotic resistant pathogens in the future.

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MUMINOV, RAMIZULLA ABDULLAEVICH, AKBARALI MAHAMATOVICH RASULOV, and NODIR IKROMJONOVICH IBRAGIMOV. "COMPUTER MODELING THIN FILM GROWTH ON THE SURFACE BY LOW ENERGY CLUSTER DEPOSITION." Computational nanotechnology 6, no. 2 (June 30, 2019): 160–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.33693/2313-223x-2019-6-2-160-163.

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A report is presented about progress in the understanding of the properties of bi-metallic nanoparticles, their interaction with surfaces subsequent to low energy slowing down and the properties of nanostructured materials formed with these particles. A nanoparticle contains from a few atoms for the smallest ones to several thousand for the largest ones considered here. The properties of an atom result from quantization and the same is true for the molecules they form. The same is thus true for the smallest nanoparticles. At the other edge, many of the properties of macroscopic materials are well described by a classical approach and nanoparticles appear as objects at the fringing field between quantum and classical behaviors. In the study of their properties, using either a quantum or a classical approach, atomic scale methods appear as naturally well-suited. Atoms are considered as individual objects interacting via their outer shell electrons only. However even with such an approximation, solving the Schrödinger equation becomes quickly prohibitively heavy as the number of atoms involved increases. For the heaviest elements, relativistic effects make the problem even heavier.

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Korir, Daniel K., Bharat Gwalani, Abel Joseph, Brian Kamras, Ravi K. Arvapally, Mohammad A. Omary, and Sreekar B. Marpu. "Facile Photochemical Syntheses of Conjoined Nanotwin Gold-Silver Particles within a Biologically-Benign Chitosan Polymer." Nanomaterials 9, no. 4 (April 11, 2019): 596. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano9040596.

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A simple photochemical method for making conjoined bi-metallic gold-silver (Au/Ag) nanotwins, a new breed of nanoparticles (NPs), is developed. To the best of our knowledge, the photochemical method resulted in distinct, conjoined, bimetallic nanotwins that are different from any well-established alloyed or core-shell nanostructures in the literature. The conjoined Au-Ag NPs possessed surface plasmon resonance (SPR) properties of both metals. The bimetallic nanostructures possessing distinctive optical properties of both metals were obtained using Au NPs as seeds in the first step, followed by the addition of a silver precursor as feed in the second step during a photochemical irradiation process. In the first step, small, isotropic or large, anisotropic Au NPs are generated by photoinduced reduction within a biocompatible chitosan (CS) polymer. In the second step, a silver precursor (AgNO3) is added as the feed to the AuNPs seed, followed by irradiation of the solution in the ice-bath. The entire photochemical irradiation process resulting in the formation of bimetallic Au-AgNPs did not involve any other reducing agents or stabilizing agents other than the CS polymer stabilizer. The small, conjoined Au-Ag bi-metallic NPs exhibited SPR with peak maxima centering at ~400 nm and ~550 nm, whereas the large conjoined nanoparticles exhibited SPR with peak maxima centering at ~400 nm, 550 nm, and 680 nm, characteristic of both gold and silver surface plasmons in solution. The tunability in the SPR and size of the bimetallic NPs were obtained by varying the reaction time and other reaction parameters, resulting in average sizes between 30 and 100 nm. The SPR, size, distribution, and elemental composition of the bi-metallic NPs were characterized using UV-Vis absorption, electron microscopy, and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) studies.

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37

Fierascu, Ortan, Avramescu, and Fierascu. "Phyto-Nanocatalysts: Green Synthesis, Characterization, and Applications." Molecules 24, no. 19 (September 20, 2019): 3418. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules24193418.

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Catalysis represents the cornerstone of chemistry, since catalytic processes are ubiquitous in almost all chemical processes developed for obtaining consumer goods. Nanocatalysis represents nowadays an innovative approach to obtain better properties for the catalysts: stable activity, good selectivity, easy to recover, and the possibility to be reused. Over the last few years, for the obtaining of new catalysts, classical methods—based on potential hazardous reagents—have been replaced with new methods emerged by replacing those reagents with plant extracts obtained in different conditions. Due to being diversified in morphology and chemical composition, these materials have different properties and applications, representing a promising area of research. In this context, the present review focuses on the metallic nanocatalysts’ importance, different methods of synthesis with emphasis to the natural compounds used as support, characterization techniques, parameters involved in tailoring the composition, size and shape of nanoparticles and applications in catalysis. This review presents some examples of green nanocatalysts, grouped considering their nature (mono- and bi-metallic nanoparticles, metallic oxides, sulfides, chlorides, and other complex catalysts).

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Abdelghany, A. M., A. H. Oraby, Awatif A. Hindi, Doaa M. El-Nagar, and Fathia S. Alhakami. "Green synthesis of mixed metallic nanoparticles using room temperature self-assembly." JOURNAL OF ADVANCES IN PHYSICS 13, no. 2 (March 16, 2017): 4671–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.24297/jap.v13i2.5942.

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Bimetallic nanoparticles of silver (Ag) and gold (Au) were synthesized at room temperature using Curcumin. Reduction process of silver and gold ions with different molar ratios leads to production of different nanostructures including alloys and core-shells. Produced nanoparticles were characterized simultaneously with FTIR, UV/vis. spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and Energy-dispersive X-ray (EDAX). UV/vis. optical absorption spectra of as synthesized nanoparticles reveals presence of surface palsmon resonance (SPR) of both silver at (425 nm) and gold at (540 nm) with small shift and broadness of gold band after mixing with resucing and capping agent in natural extract which suggest presence of bimetallic nano structure (Au/Ag). FTIR and EDAX data approve the presence of bimetallic nano structure combined with curcumin extract. TEM micrographs shows that silver and gold can be synthesized separately in the form of nano particles using curcumin extract. Synthesis of gold nano particles in presence of silver effectively enhance and control formation of bi-metallic structure.

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Anjum, Dalaver H., Akshaya Samal, and Manuel A. Roldan-Gutierrez. "Characterization of core/shell bi-metallic cube-shaped nanoparticles with scanning transmission electron microscopy." Microscopy and Microanalysis 21, S3 (August 2015): 1069–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927615006133.

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Hajar, Yasmine M., Balaji Venkatesh, Mohamed S. E. Houache, Hanshuo Liu, Reza Safari, Sagar Prabhudev, Gianluigi A. Botton, and Elena A. Baranova. "Electrochemical promotion of Bi-metallic Ni9Pd core double-shell nanoparticles for complete methane oxidation." Journal of Catalysis 374 (June 2019): 127–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcat.2019.04.026.

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Hamdy, Mohamed S., Badria M. Al-Shehri, Murad Eissa, Fahad A. Alharthi, Abdulaziz Ali Alghamdi, and Nabil Al-Zaqri. "Low-temperature oxidation of carbon monoxide over Bi-metallic nanoparticles incorporated three dimensional silica." Atmospheric Environment 244 (January 2021): 117955. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2020.117955.

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Altaee, Hadeel, and Hassan A. Alshamsi. "Pd-Au nanoparticles supported reduced graphene oxide nanoplatelets toward aerobic selective oxidation of benzoyl alcohol." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1029, no. 1 (May 1, 2022): 012038. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1029/1/012038.

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Abstract In this paper, mono-metallic catalysts, palladium (Pd) and gold (Au) and bi-metallic, Au-Pd supported on reduced graphene oxide (rGO) synthesized by Sol Immobilization technique. The as fabricated catalysts (Pd/rGO, Au/rGO and Au-Pd/rGO) have been tested by various techniques (Raman Spectroscopy, FE-SEM, XRD and TEM) to examine the structural, compositional and morphological characteristics. The performance of catalysts on the production of benzaldehyde via benzyl alcohol (BnOH) oxidation was investigated adopting H2O2 as an oxidizing agent. In general, Au-Pd/rGO catalyst presented a remarkable superiority over Au/rGO and Pd/rGO. The Au-Pd/rGO catalyst gave the best reaction conversion ratio of 24.3%, while its selectivity for benzaldehyde was 87.5% using 10 mg catalyst mass, reaction temperature 80 oC and 50% H2O2

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Restuccia, N., L. Silipigni, M. Cordaro, and L. Torrisi. "Metallic Nanoparticles Generation by Repetitive Pulsed Laser for Applications in Bio-Medicine." PLASMA PHYSICS AND TECHNOLOGY 6, no. 1 (2019): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.14311/ppt.2019.1.1.

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A Nd:YAG pulsed laser operating at the 10<sup>64</sup> nm wavelength, the 3 ns pulse duration, the 10<sup>10</sup> W/cm<sup>2</sup> intensity and the 10 Hz repetition rate is employed to irradiate biocompatible metallic targets based on Au, Bi and Ag placed in water. The laser-matter interaction produces nanometric spherical particles. The concentration of the solution with nanoparticles is controllable by the laser parameters, the ablative emission process, the irradiation time and the water’s volume. Generally, nanoparticles of about 10 nm in size and concentrations of the order (0.1 ÷ 10) mg/ml are prepared to be injected in cell cultures or in living systems (mice). The nanoparticles introduction in the extra and intra cellular liquids improves the bio-imaging of the tissue and organs by using fluorescence techniques. Moreover, if these nanoparticles are concentrated in tumour cells, they make possible high efficiency radio-therapy and thermal-therapy treatments, as it will be presented and discussed.

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Pandey, Prem C., Murli Dhar Mitra, Shubhangi Shukla, and Roger J. Narayan. "Organotrialkoxysilane-Functionalized Noble Metal Monometallic, Bimetallic, and Trimetallic Nanoparticle Mediated Non-Enzymatic Sensing of Glucose by Resonance Rayleigh Scattering." Biosensors 11, no. 4 (April 15, 2021): 122. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bios11040122.

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Organotrialkoxysilanes like 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane (3-APTMS)-treated noble metal cations were rapidly converted into their respective nanoparticles in the presence of 3-glycidoxypropylytrimethoxysilane (3-GPTMS). The micellar activity of 3-APTMS also allowed us to replace 3-GPTMS with other suitable organic reagents (e.g., formaldehyde); this approach has significant advantages for preparing bimetallic and trimetallic analogs of noble metal nanoparticles that display efficient activity in many practical applications. The formation of monometallic gold, silver, and palladium nanoparticles, bimetallic Ag-Pd, and Au-Pd nanoparticles at various ratios of noble metal cations, and trimetallic Ag-Au-Pd nanoparticles were studied; their biocatalytic activity in non-enzymatic sensing of glucose based on monitoring synchronous fluorescence spectroscopy (SFS) was assessed. Of these nanoparticles, Au-Pd made with an 80:20 Au:Pd ratio displayed excellent catalytic activity for glucose sensing. These nanoparticles could also be homogenized with Nafion to enhance the resonance Rayleigh scattering (RRS) signal. In this study, the structural characterization of noble metal nanoparticles as well as bi- and tri-metallic nanoparticles in addition to their use in non-enzymatic sensing of glucose are reported.

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Tolga Çolak, Alper, Tanju Eren, Mehmet Lütfi Yola, Erdem Beşli, Onur Şahin, and Necip Atar. "3D Polyoxometalate-Functionalized Graphene Quantum Dots with Mono-Metallic and Bi-Metallic Nanoparticles for Application in Direct Methanol Fuel Cells." Journal of The Electrochemical Society 163, no. 10 (2016): F1237—F1244. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/2.0911610jes.

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Huang, Lin, Zeyu Duan, Yingying Song, Qingsen Li, and Limiao Chen. "BiVO4 Microplates with Oxygen Vacancies Decorated with Metallic Cu and Bi Nanoparticles for CO2 Photoreduction." ACS Applied Nano Materials 4, no. 4 (March 30, 2021): 3576–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsanm.1c00115.

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Lomocso, Thegy L., and Elena A. Baranova. "Electrochemical oxidation of ammonia on carbon-supported bi-metallic PtM (M=Ir, Pd, SnOx) nanoparticles." Electrochimica Acta 56, no. 24 (October 2011): 8551–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2011.07.041.

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48

Tang, Liang, Jian Zhao, Xiao Wang, Jiajun Wang, and Peng Zhang. "Engineering Noble Metal-like Bi onto Hierarchical SrWO4 for the Enhancement of Photocatalytic Activity." Catalysts 12, no. 7 (July 18, 2022): 787. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal12070787.

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Solar-driven hydrogen production from water has attracted increasing attention due to sustainable H2 fuel generation with zero-emissions. However, the design of a photocatalyst without noble metals to enable efficient water splitting is still critical for practical applications. In this study, the hierarchical microspheres of SrWO4 assembled with well-defined metallic Bi nanoparticles were synthesized through mild hydrothermal aging. The resultant photocatalyst with optimum proportion exhibited the competitive performance of a high hydrogen-generation rate at 4.5 mmol·h−1·g−1, outperforming SrWO4 and Bi by factors of 2.0 and 2.4, respectively. Both the experimental characterization and active analysis revealed that the synergistic effect of noble metal-like behavior of Bi and their electron-sink capacity mainly contribute to boosting the overall photocatalytic efficiency. This work may provide advanced insights into the application of economical bismuth elements as co-catalysts, instead of noble metals, to improve photocatalytic efficiency in solar-fuel conversion and environmental remediation.

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Gandhi, Ashish Chhaganlal, Chia-Liang Cheng, and Sheng Yun Wu. "Structural and Enhanced Optical Properties of Stabilized γ‒Bi2O3 Nanoparticles: Effect of Oxygen Ion Vacancies." Nanomaterials 10, no. 6 (May 27, 2020): 1023. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano10061023.

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We report the synthesis of room temperature (RT) stabilized γ–Bi2O3 nanoparticles (NPs) at the expense of metallic Bi NPs through annealing in an ambient atmosphere. RT stability of the metastable γ–Bi2O3 NPs is confirmed using synchrotron radiation powder X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy. γ–Bi2O3 NPs exhibited a strong red-band emission peaking at ~701 nm, covering 81% integrated intensity of photoluminescence spectra. Our findings suggest that the RT stabilization and enhanced red-band emission of γ‒Bi2O3 is mediated by excess oxygen ion vacancies generated at the octahedral O(2) sites during the annealing process.

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50

Zeeshan, A., R. Ellahi, F. Mabood, and F. Hussain. "Numerical study on bi-phase coupled stress fluid in the presence of Hafnium and metallic nanoparticles over an inclined plane." International Journal of Numerical Methods for Heat & Fluid Flow 29, no. 8 (August 5, 2019): 2854–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/hff-11-2018-0677.

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Purpose The purpose of this study is to examine the simultaneous effects of Hafnium particles and partially submerged metallic particles for the flow of bi-phase coupled stress fluid over an inclined flat plane. Design/methodology/approach An unflinching free stream flow that stretches far from the surface of the plane with the possibility of containing some partially submerged metallic particles is considered. Innovative model has been proposed and designed using Runge–Kutta–Fehlberg method. Findings The findings show that the drag force resists the couple stress fluid, whereas the Newtonian flow is supported by increasing the velocity. For both types of flows, movement of the particle is retarded gradually against the drag force coefficient. Originality/value To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this model is reported for the first time.

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