Academic literature on the topic 'Bhoi Area'
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Journal articles on the topic "Bhoi Area"
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Mawlong, Martina, and Jiarlimon Khongtim. "Media Consumption among Rural Area Housewives in Ri Bhoi District of Meghalaya: A Survey." Library Herald 60, no. 4 (2022): 55–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/0976-2469.2022.00038.0.
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James Singh, Thoudam, and Subhasish Das Gupta. "Changes in Floral Diversity due to Livelihood Pressures in the Eco-sensitive Zone of Nongkhyllem Wildlife Sanctuary in Ri Bhoi District of Meghalaya." Journal of Plant Science Research 39, no. 1 (June 15, 2023): 75–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.32381/jpsr.2023.39.01.8.
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The challenges in the management of diverse flora impacted by anthropogenic factors in areas governed by different land tenure systems are enormous notwithstanding lying in a classified biodiversity hot spot region in Meghalaya in North- east India. The attributes of the plant population in protected areas like Nongkhyllem Wildlife Sanctuary (NWLS), Nongkhyllem Forest (NRF), and District Council governed Eco-sensitive zone (ESZ) were studied using Important Value Index (IVI), Shannon’s and Weiner Diversity Index and Sorenson’s similarity index. Shorea robusta C.F.Gaertn., Tectona grandis Linn. L.f., Schima wallichii (D.C.) Korth, had the highest IVI value of 64, 56, 42, etc. respectively, while the diversity index showed maximum values of 0.78 in recorded forest area and minimum of 0.60 under district council area. Similarity index ranged between 16.67 % and 39.22 %. The species richness and diversity in the recorded forest area was higher compared to the forest under the district council. In addition, tree girth and density of other species were determined. The study revealed that the cultivation of betel nut (Areca catechu L.), betel leaf (Piper betle L.), broom (Thysanolaena maxima Kuntze) and banana (Musa spp.) though for livelihood and income generation contributed to vegetation alteration in the district council forest area. Strict enforcement of ESZ laws & creating alternative livelihood opportunities can help minimize biodiversity loss.
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Kharphuli, Bankitbok, Syed H. Mazhar, Dipak Kumar Bose, and Jahanara Jahanara. "Knowledge of the Ginger Growers toward Improved Cultivation Technology in Ri-Bhoi District of Meghalaya." International Journal of Advances in Agricultural Science and Technology 8, no. 8 (August 30, 2021): 183–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.47856/ijaast.2021.v08i8.020.
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The present study was conducted to assess the knowledge of the ginger growers toward improved cultivation technology in Ri-Bhoi district of Meghalaya. A total number of 120 ginger growing farmers were selected proportionately from eight villages under Umsning Block because production, productivity and area under ginger cultivation were found to be maximum. The data were collected by personal interview method by using pre-tested interview schedule and later appropriate statistical analysis was done to find out the meaningful result. The findings of this study revealed that majority (65.83 %) of the respondents had medium level of overall knowledge towards improved cultivation technology of ginger followed by 21.67 percent and 12.50 per cent of the respondents with low and high levels of knowledge respectively.
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Das, Khirod Sankar, and Sudipta Choudhury. "A new termite species of the genus Bulbitermes (Blattodea: Isoptera: Termitidae) from Meghalaya, India." Journal of Threatened Taxa 15, no. 3 (March 26, 2023): 22850–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.11609/jott.7827.15.3.22850-22858.
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A new termite species, Bulbitermes debadiliporum sp. nov., of the nasutiform genus Bulbitermes is described here from the Mawlynnong area of the East Khasi Hills district and Nongkhrah Village of the Ri-Bhoi district of Meghalaya, India. The species is described based on the soldier & worker castes, and a detailed illustration of the diagnostic characteristics of both the castes is provided here. Soldiers of the species are monomorphic whereas the workers are dimorphic with worker major and worker minor. Worker dimorphism is reported hitherto for the first time among Bulbitermes species of the Indian region. Furthermore, an updated identification key of Bulbitermes species from the Indian region is also provided here.
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Barua, Utpal, Mokidul Islam, and Samir Medhi. "Awareness and Adoption of Climate Resilient Horticulture Technologies by Farmers in Ri Bhoi District of Meghalaya." International Journal of Economic Plants 10, Nov, 4 (November 20, 2023): 256–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.23910/2/2023.4918a.
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A study was undertaken during the year 2020–2021 in Kyrdem and Sohriewblei villages, Ri-Bhoi district, Meghalaya, India to find out the level of awareness and adoption of climate resilient horticultural technologies. The selected villages had been adopted under National Initiative on Climate Resilient Agriculture (NICRA) project since 2011-2020. A sample size of 100 farmers (50 from each village) who were actively involved in horticultural activities was selected randomly. A well-structured, pre-tested interview schedule was employed for the data collection. The study revealed that the awareness level was recorded highest in institutional measures (94.2%) followed by horticultural practices (92.4%) and soil and water conservation (89%) measures. The highest adoption level of resilient practices was observed in horticultural practices (83.9%). Out of all respondents 89% were classified as medium category farmers for adoption of climate resilient technologies in both the villages. There was no statistical difference in the adoption level of resilient practices among the farmers of both the villages. Spearman rank correlation (0.730) depicted correlation between awareness and adoption level of horticultural technologies among the selected farmers in both the villages. It could be concluded that in an area like Meghalaya where small size of land holding and fragmented land emerged as main constraint for adoption of modern horticultural technology. Rigorous awareness programme to orient farming community towards scientific proven methods will be able to minimize the adverse effects of climate change.
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Gogoi, Anamika, and Balen Bhagabaty. "Mineral Chemistry and Geothermometry of Biotite in the Granitoids, Located in and around Jirang-Patharkhamah Area, Ri-Bhoi District, Meghalaya, India." Journal of the Geological Society of India 98, no. 2 (February 2022): 245–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12594-022-1965-6.
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Reddy, M. Balakrishna, and Baiantimon Blah. "Topographic normalization of satellite imagery for image classification in northeast India." Progress in Physical Geography: Earth and Environment 33, no. 6 (November 20, 2009): 815–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0309133309351048.
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IRS-LISS-III satellite imagery covering Nongkhyllem Wildlife Sanctuary area located within the Ri-Bhoi District of Meghalaya State, northeast India, was used for analysis of the landcover pattern and vegetation types occurring there. A maximum likelihood classifier was used to generate a supervised classification into land-cover types and the vegetation types within the forested area. The preparation of training data sets used thematic maps of the area, and knowledge accruing from extensive personal field visits. Sample field plots were located at 30 different places in the Sanctuary for classification accuracy assessment. The Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) was also computed from LISS-III satellite imagery. A digital elevation model (DEM) of the Sanctuary was generated using a GIS. The DEM was used to test the hypothesis that its joint use with the satellite data would increase classification accuracy. This proved to be the case. Bivariate correlation analysis was performed between spectral and DEM variables to cross-check the results. In the example used, that of the rugged terrain in mountainous parts of northeast India, such integration of satellite land-cover data and DEM information appears to be a necessity in improved land-cover mapping for resource planning and utilization.
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Goswami, J., V. Sharma, B. U. Chaudhury, and P. L. N. Raju. "RAPID IDENTIFICATION OF ABIOTIC STRESS (FROST) IN <i>IN-FILED</i> MAIZE CROP USING UAV REMOTE SENSING." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-3/W6 (July 26, 2019): 467–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-3-w6-467-2019.
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<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> Stress in the crop not only decreases the production but can also have devastating consequences for farmers whose life depends upon the healthy crops. In recent time (January 2018) a such abiotic stress event (hoar frost) was experienced at ICAR research complex experimental filed, Ri-Bhoi district of Meghalaya on standing Maize crop. Therefore, remote sensing (Multispectral UAV- Unmanned Aerial Vehicle) technology were used to detect the effect of frost on <i>in-filed</i> Maize crop. Two set of multispectral data (before frost and after frost) with four advanced machine learning techniques viz. Random Forest (RF), Random Committee (RC), Support Vector Machine (SVM) and Artificial Neural Network were employed for detection of stress free crop and stressed crop due to frost. Results revealed that all the four methods of classification could able to identify / detect stress-free vs. stressed crops at satisfactory level. However, among the classifiers RF achieved relatively higher overall accuracy (OA&thinsp;=&thinsp;86.47%) with Kappa Indexanalysis (KIA&thinsp;=&thinsp;0.80) and found very cost effective in context of computational cost (time complexity&thinsp;=&thinsp;0.08 Seconds) to train the model. In addition, we have also recorded the area of each classes and found that after frost stress-free area (36.01% of all over filed) is decreased by 11% in comparison of before frost (25.036% of all over filed). Based on the results we can suggest that the RF ensemble classification method can be used for further other crop classification in order to estimate the yield, detect the condition, monitoring the health etc.</p>
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Kenton, Natalie, Nicole Bouranis, Emily J. Cox, Laura Jacobson, and Bill J. Wright. "Evaluation of Shared Experiences Among Patients and Providers Following Behavioral Health Integration in Primary Care." Journal of Patient Experience 8 (January 2021): 237437352110632. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/23743735211063296.
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Behavioral health integration (BHI) changes the paradigm of primary care delivery by integrating behavioral healthcare into primary care. Thus, BHI likely alters the shared experiences of both patients and providers in an interrelated manner; however, their experiences are usually evaluated separately. The purpose of this study was to analyze these shared experiences together within patient–provider pairs in integrated clinics. First, patient interviews were conducted using semi-structured interview guides and transcripts were analyzed for major themes of patient experience. Next, providers named in patient interviews were interviewed around these same themes. Thematic analysis was performed on 18 transcripts (11 patients, 7 providers). Common themes included BHI experience, pain management, feeling heard by providers, and health care experiences. Areas of alignment included positive perception of BHI, an absence of long-term care, and a desire to share decision-making. Pain management was a persistent area of conflict, and the differing experiences were consistent with a change in the psychodynamic patient–provider model. This conflict highlights a gap in BHI and a need for provider education about psychodynamic relationship models.
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Sukumaran, Sreenath, and K. Sudhakar. "Fully solar powered Raja Bhoj International Airport: A feasibility study." Resource-Efficient Technologies, no. 3 (September 1, 2017): 309–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.18799/24056529/2017/3/144.
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The atmospheric concentration of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) has been increasing and it remained above 400 ppm throughout the year 2016 for the first time. The aviation industry is a main contributor to- wards green house gas emission. In this regard, aviation industry as a whole and airports in particular are trying to limit their carbon foot print. A feasible solution is to substitute the conventional electricity energy consumption of airport with clean energy sources. Solar PV route is considered as non polluting source of electricity but MW scale plant requires more land area. Since vast areas are mandatory in air- port as buffer zones, this land can be effectively used for utility scale solar PV plant. A 2 MWp onsite solar PV power plant is proposed for Raj Bhoj International Airport (RBIA), India. An online PV simulation tool SISIFO, developed by Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), has been used to analyse the performance of the proposed plant. The PV module rating, inverter and transformer specifications etc. are provided as per manufacturer’s datasheet. The plant is capable of generating 2733.122 MWh of electrical energy an- nually. The monthly averaged energy yield and performance ratio (PR) are 113.88 kWh/kWp and 85.54% respectively, which are best when compared to similar utility scale PV power plants. The economic and environmental benefits of the proposed plant are also discussed. The PV plant generation capacity can surpass the daily electrical energy consumption of airport. This paves way for RBIA to become second airport in the world to be energy self sufficient through solar power.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Bhoi Area"
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Lyngwa, Clara. "Marngar of the bhoi area: anthropological study." Thesis, North-Eastern Hill University, 1993. http://ir.nbu.ac.in/handle/123456789/3598.
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Lyngwa, Clara. "The Marngar of the Bhoi area: an anthropological study." Thesis, University of North Bengal, 1993. http://ir.nbu.ac.in/handle/123456789/149.
Full textBook chapters on the topic "Bhoi Area"
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Stone, Debra M. "War Stories of a Brigade Behavioral Health Officer." In Combat Social Work, 136–62. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190059439.003.0007.
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In this chapter, the author focuses on combat social work practice in a combat area of operation as a brigade behavioral health officer (BHO) while active combat engagements are going on simultaneously. After offering a brief overview of her career background prior to her commission as an officer, she focuses on the highlights of her military career as a combat social worker. Much of her attention in the chapter is her experiences providing clinical social work practice as a brigade BHO with an infantry brigade combat team during her second deployment to Afghanistan. The author shares several models of combat social work practice that she employed during these operations, as well as describing her personal experiences and reactions.
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Handelman, Don, and David Shulman. "The Andhaka Outcome." In God Inside Out, 113–58. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195108446.003.0002.
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Abstract Elephanta cave. Andhaka’s transformation into Bhri).gin completes and concludes one central developmental strand that emerges from the game, and also opens up a second major course or sequence. To state the matter in a crudely linear dimension, perhaps foreign to its logic: when Siva plays dice, at once engendering and isolating himself (as male) in the game, he moves toward a moment when he will be forced to impale his blind son Andhaka on his trident, thereby producing the parodic masculine, mis formed Bhri).gin, in a world of destructive sexual isolation and existential impoverishment. At the same time, given the Andhaka outcome, an alternative path toward reconstituting the self fragmenting godhead becomes available and active. The dice game opens up spaces inside god-spaces of uncertainty, of tentative selfhood, of devolution outward. Andhaka is one such space, dark, menacing, unformed. Once externalized by the god, with ParvatI’ s help, this dark gap in the texture of reality objectifies itself, congeals, petrifies-although it remains pregnant with dangerous energies of desire. The Andhaka story is about the god’s relationship to this potentially destructive and uncertain part of himself, viewed in the context of an internal split in the godhead, along lines of gender and the general problems consequent upon Siva’s self-externalizing drive. In important ways, this story shows us what it really means to call god a male, taking this label seriously, and non metaphorically. If Siva can be referred to by the pronoun “he”-as the texts repeatedly do, as we do in their wake-then, sooner or later, “he” must deal with “his” aborted Andhaka-self. Note that these two-Siva and Andhaka/Bhri).gin-are, in any case, remarkably alike. Bhri).gin’ s emaciated body looks like a caricature of the yogic Siva, at the higher reaches of self-transformation, via the internalizing mode we refer to as tapas. It is entirely appropriate that this ghoulish figure should be assimilated to the ranks of Siva’s terrifying, usually deformed or misformed followers (the Saiva ga1J,as); all of them show us that side of this god that is off balance, hideous, saturated with death. In addition, Bhri).gin has a third, bony leg, a gift from Siva that allows this pathetic skeleton somehow to stand erect; here, too, the servant and follower mimics or caricatures his ithyphallic lord.
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Chen, Jixuan, Xialing Zhao, and Yating Xu. "Hospitality and Business English Teaching Reform." In Educational Strategies for the Next Generation Leaders in Hotel Management, 270–90. IGI Global, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-8565-9.ch012.
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This chapter presents the theoretical and practical guidelines concerning Hospitality and Business English (HBE) education of Beijing Hospitality Institute (BHI) with a particular emphasis on the conceptual framework and an innovative Learner-Centered Approach resulting from the HBE teaching and learning reform program. The rationale of this research is grounded on the constructivist theory and its fundamental ideas; a mixed research method was employed to carry out the empirical research on the captioned reform; the findings of this study revealed that the ongoing reform has turned out to be on the right track, which is closely associated with the specific needs of the hospitality industry, and specifically relating to its growth. Future research directions are also indicated at the end of the chapter with a focus on the implications of the newly established Center of Experiential Learning for HBE of BHI – a new and innovative learning platform that enables hospitality management students to acquire more hands-on knowledge and job-related skills in the competence-based areas of Business English Communication.
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"Autobiographical Fiction." In Across the Black Water, edited by Akshaya K. Rath, 247–56. Oxford University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190130558.003.0005.
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It is only after the transportation of political prisoners to the Andamans that some aspects of the penal settlement are recorded by the prisoners themselves. V.D. Savarkar, Ullaskar Dutt, Barindra Kumar Ghose, and Bhai Parmanand composed their autobiographies after they were repatriated. A surviving account of early prison life in the Andamans is that of Maulana Muhammad Jafar Thanesari, a Wahabi convict, transported in early 1866, who spent 18 years in the Andamans. For docile prisoners such as Thanesari, the Andamans proved potential enough to earn a fortune. This section presents extracts from narratives by political prisoners who spent their terms at the Andamans and witnessed first-hand experiences of penal servitude.
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Zeitlin, Steve. "Breath on the Mirror." In The Poetry of Everyday Life. Cornell University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.7591/cornell/9781501702358.003.0020.
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The author explains here bhow holding your breath on the mirror lets you express and discern your own distinctive voice and know who you really are. He talks about his creative writing class, in which students experiment with fiction and nonfiction, poetry and prose. The students learn that even if they are writing about something far outside themselves, it is still a reflection of who they are and how they interpret what they see. As his students endeavor to find their own voice, the author often shares the work of famous writers whose voice is embedded in their sentence structure and is immediately recognizable; for example, Joan Didion, Edith Wharton, and Jamaica Kincaid. He also encourages his students to look for moments when their own life stories intersect with a larger history.
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"Nativizing Narratives." In Across the Black Water, edited by Akshaya K. Rath, 201–46. Oxford University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190130558.003.0004.
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In the absence of freedom of speech and writing, documents narrating prisoners’ experiences are rare. In this section, readers will encounter rare texts of both colonial and native perspectives on different classes of prisoners including political prisoners who were instrumental in nationalizing the Andaman penal settlement. Accounts of Sri Aurobindo and other activists, the overseer’s accounts of prisoners’ behaviour, newspaper reports on penal suffering, and public opinions in India and England—all form part of this section. Further, mercy petitions on the ground of health or change in behaviour towards the Empire by famous prisoners such as Hrishikesh Kanjilal, Barindra K. Ghose, V.D. Savarkar, Bhai Parmanand as well as their family members are anthologized in this section. As the news of continuous hunger strikes by political prisoners reached India, debates, processions, and agitations became central sites that helped in political prisoners’ repatriation. Readers will encounter extracts of such speeches by different groups of people, Gandhi’s communication with Andaman prisoners and the different resolutions the Congress took for their repatriation.
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L.Sihler, Andrew. "Distribution of Pie Ablaut Grades." In New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin, 131–34. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195083453.003.0026.
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Abstract Even though the origins of ablaut (125-6) were necessarily phonological, by the earliest period reachable by the comparative method the distribution of different ablaut grades in PIE had been MORPHOLOGIZED, that is, a given form or class of forms was associated with a certain grade in PIE. This is particularly true of the distribution of e- vs. o-grades, since the distribution of full vs. zero grades was still to some extent phonological. As is to be expected when phonological alternations are captured by morphology, the system was never completely regular; indeed, it tended with time to became more regular rather than less, where the patterns remained clear at any rate. Thus, evidence points to a non-ablauting root “bhii- or “bhu- ‘become’; but various IE languages introduced full grades into the root in accord with the prevailing ablaut patterns: so Skt. bhavati ‘becomes’. No list of the morphological categories of the grades can be exhaustive or even completely accurate, since PIE was a language like any other and had forms that stood apart from the general patterns: aor. “ebhiit or “ebhuHt ‘became’ should have had a full grade in the root, but as mentioned above, it did not: G e<f>v, Ved. dbhiit. Pple. “gneHrt6- ‘known’ should have had a zero grade in the root, but did not: L notus, Ved. jniitd-. PIE “H2eg- ‘drive’ seems to have been stuck in e-grade, so to speak, as that is seen even in formations that nearly universally embody o-grade of the root, such as the PIE o-grade o-stem ending-accented agent noun;
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L.Sihler, Andrew. "Case Endings." In New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin, 248–55. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195083453.003.0057.
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Abstract Notes on the preceding table. Further details will be found under discussion of the particular stems. r. The table gives a survey of the singular and plural case endings that are indicated for the parent speech by combined evidence (subject to the proviso in 253). The inflections of many IE languages have been influenced by pronominal endings, particularly in the o-stems. Those that bear on G and L noun inflection are included in the table with the distinguishing label pron. Under vowel stems the stem vowel is included, while under consonant stems only the endings proper are given; in both situations, when there is no overt element marking case function, this is indicated by -0 (zero). Stem markers are divided from case markers proper (or zero) by hyphens, except when the stem and the case marker were united by contraction or some other development. For example the nom.pl. of o-stems can be assumed to include the stem vowel “-o- and the ending “-es evident in other paradigms, such that PIE “-iis nom.pl. can with perfect confidence be resolved into ““-o-es; but the actual historical evidence takes us back only to “-i There is better agreement among the IE languages for the singular markers than for the plural ones. For most cases there is little connection between the forms of the singular and plural. Those that show the strongest formal resemblance appear to be late additions to the system; for instance, in one possible reconstruction there was an inst. “-bhi (in Gmc. and BS “-mi), either singular or (more likely) indifferent to number, whose pl. was “-bhis (*-mis).
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Agrawal, Ravi. "Introduction:The Magic Device." In India Connected. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190858650.003.0003.
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In the dusty northwestern state of Rajasthan, Phoolwati was visiting a neighboring village on business. She was addressing a small circle of women dressed in sarees. Together, they formed a kaleidoscope of reds, yellows, and pinks. The colors parted obediently when an older woman, in white, pushed her way through the huddle. “What’s going on here?” bellowed the wizened old lady, speaking the rustic Hindi of the region. She pointed at the wiry newcomer, the hub of the commotion. “Who’s this?” All eyes turned to Phoolwati. “I’m here to teach the village women about the internet,” she said, as she thrust her hand out, revealing a phone with a large screen of images and text. She encountered a blank stare. “In-ter-nate,” tried Phoolwati once again, spelling it out phonetically in Hindi. “It’s a wonderful thing. You can get all kinds of information and knowledge on it.” The old lady snorted in disdain. “We’re all illiterate here, child,” she said. “Why are you wasting our time?” This was a familiar refrain to Phoolwati’s internet evangelism. She was prepared. “Who says you need to read and write to use the internet? Who says you need to know English?” demanded Phoolwati. “This is a magic device. See?” She held up her smartphone and pressed a button. The image of a microphone popped up on the screen. (This might have been more effective had the village women seen a microphone before.) “Go on. Ask it something,” Phoolwati told them. “Kuchh bhi. Anything. This has all the answers! You must be curious about something, na?” The old lady looked on incredulously. She slapped the top of her forehead in an exaggerated show of despair. Another woman had seen a city cousin toying with a smartphone once. She felt emboldened in the presence of Phoolwati’s gadget. “Show us the Taj Mahal!” she exclaimed loudly in Hindi. To instantly summon an image of the country’s most famous monument—one that none of them had ever seen—seemed an insurmountable challenge. But Google understood. The phone came alive; a video appeared on the screen. Phoolwati pressed Play.
Conference papers on the topic "Bhoi Area"
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Rubio, Oscar J., Alvaro Alesanco, and Jose Garcia. "Secure and efficient coding of biomedical signals, periodic measurements and contextual data in body area networks." In 2014 IEEE-EMBS International Conference on Biomedical and Health Informatics (BHI). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/bhi.2014.6864346.
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Olender, Max L., Lambros S. Athanasiou, Jose M. de la Torre Hernandez, Tamara Garcia Camarero, Jose D. Cascon, Luciano Consuegra-Sanchez, and Elazer R. Edelman. "Estimating the internal elastic membrane cross-sectional area of coronary arteries autonomously using optical coherence tomography images." In 2017 IEEE EMBS International Conference on Biomedical & Health Informatics (BHI). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/bhi.2017.7897217.
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Tao Jiang, Xiaoming Wu, and Shifu Zhang. "Functional localization of the cortical motor area in the brain based on wavelet analysis of slow cortical potential." In 2012 IEEE-EMBS International Conference on Biomedical and Health Informatics (BHI). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/bhi.2012.6211576.
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AL Isaee, Omar Mohammed, Dmitrii Smirnov, Abdullah AL Hadhrami, Hilal AL Shabibi, Fanis Khayrutdinov, Fatma Khamis Al Jahwari, Muatasam Hassan AL Raisi, and Ibrahim Saleh Al-Maawali. "Advanced Porosity and Permeability Analyses Based on BHI Approach." In SPE Reservoir Characterisation and Simulation Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/212665-ms.
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Abstract Carbonate intrasalt stringers formation evaluation proved to be complex due to the nature of the rock lithology through syndolomitization and postdolomitization process. The need for the radioactive data is highly recommended, however different degrees of depletion along the reservoir units are posing clear threat to data acquisition. This study aims to establish an advanced model of calculating the porosity and permeability using non-radioactive BHI approach without compromising with the quality of the formation evaluation. This study was conducted while facing the challenge of limited data acquisition with the pressure behavior across the carbonates stringers and the need to understand the nature of the permeability disturbance. The pilot covers two wells, Well-A was most useful regarding the source of the data for the analyses. Missing information was obtained from Well-B, which consist of the same dataset. The resistivity image data quality throughout the interpreted BHI section was good. Several analyses were carried out to characterise BHI data including fractures interpretation, porosity prediction (microfractures, intragranular pores and fluid inclusions) and permeability distribution (fracture aperture analysis). Based on this study, the following observations are obtained, the predicted porosity and permeability are well correlated with the core and density – neutron data. The net pay identification and porosity calculation is consistent with those derived from density-neutron logs. Highly fracture zones were detected across the reservoir, which explain the permeability disturbance. Natural fracture tends to be found in clusters throughout the borehole. Conductive fracture, which has direct influence to the permeability were interpreted using the electrical borehole image to estimate the electrical apertures of open fractures around the wells. Pressure behavior across the reservoir might be linked to the natural fracture networks (conductive and non-conductive fractures). In the development side, this study helps to have better understanding of the rock typing and Lithotypes associated with different permeability clusters and reservoir quality integrated with production behavior. The developed methodology of BHI evaluation provides reliable results in Porosity and Permeability evaluation. The model integrates relevant disciplines to evaluate intrasalt stringers dolomite and limestone mixed environment through independent lithology approach to eliminate the effect of the matrix heterogeneity. In addition, BHI approach provides safer logging acquisition and better option for advanced natural fracture analysis.
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Benaida, Amar, Nadjib Cherif, Yasmina Bouzida, Gulzira Z. Zhunussova, Jeremy Riou, Tim Salter, and Eduardo A. Caeneuve. "Bridging Scales of Fracture Characterization Through Conventional Log Measurement." In 2022 SPWLA 63rd Annual Symposium. Society of Petrophysicists and Well Log Analysts, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.30632/spwla-2022-0074.
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Resistivity and acoustic near-wellbore characterization techniques are increasingly used to provide structural definition and fractures identification. The two log types are complementary, often showing ability to compensate for borehole conditions and lithology uncertainty. Image logs have a limited depth of investigation, and it is appealing to be able to link the detailed wellbore information to other lower resolution imaging such as seismic. By using dipole shear acoustic measurements like Deep Shear Wave Imaging (DSWI), it is possible to identify features (azimuth and dip) in the near-wellbore region, in many cases up to 100 to 110ft (depending on formation properties). With this new information that helps to bridge the scales between Borehole Imaging (BHI) and seismic, it is feasible to build a hierarchy model of the main events to better characterize the reservoir, this will provide the understanding of their chronological importance order and its role on the producibility of these wells. A case study is presented from the Ordovician Age, Hamra Quartzites of SE Algeria. Data was acquired in two horizontal wells, drilled parallel to each other. The objective was to reduce the uncertainty on structural characterization by combining both BHI and the DSWI to augment their strengths and offset their individual tool limitations. Although BHI logs present a very detailed image of the events that are cutting the borehole and can be comparable to core data, its measurement is very shallow, while the DSWI it has a deeper depth of investigation, but low detail compared with BHI. Another benefit of integrating DSWI is to detect features that are not intersecting the wellbore and cannot be captured by BHI. The main challenge was to understand and quantify the log response of different features seen on each measurement sets and so attribute them to a sub-seismic feature. Geomodelling software allowed for 3D visualization, correlation of the results and interpretation. The image log observations which are wellbore centered are combined with DSWI observations up to 100ft away in these wells. It is observed that those depth intervals commonly with reduced image quality (hindering traditional image-based dip picking), were near vertical fracture corridors intersecting the borehole and extended at least 60ft away from the boreholes. DSWI has also confirmed stratal boundaries matching image features that also display shear movement and possible fault drag away from the borehole, so identifying likely fault zones. In addition, based on the gas index, mud losses and open-hole data it seems that the lithology has a significant control on the fracture properties and plays a significant role in controlling their producibility. The data integration process provide insight for the asset team to propose hierarchical reservoir characterization model. Likewise, beyond the fact that DWSI bridges the scale between BHI and Seismic, it has confirmed the existence of BHI fracture clusters and their spatial extension.
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Quediman, Barbara, Enrique Estrada, Radompon Sungkorn, and Jonas Toelke. "BHI Logs and ML Automated Pre-Salt Carbonate: Texture Recognition and Petrophysical Properties Propagation Using Image Log, Core Images and Porosity-Permeability From Plugs." In 2022 SPWLA 63rd Annual Symposium. Society of Petrophysicists and Well Log Analysts, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.30632/spwla-2022-0095.
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Identifying depositional facies and diagenetic modifications from BHI logs in sections without core is challenging due to heterogeneities in fabric of the carbonaceous rock, which are below the resolution of the BHI logs in these complex reservoirs. This is mainly due to different diagenetic processes resulting in different types of reservoir rocks (RRTs) with different petrophysical properties in the same geological facies. This work describes an innovative new workflow that uses a deep learning model to identify heterogeneities of fabric (textures) in complex carbonate reservoirs in sections without core; as input we use conventional (gamma ray, density, neutron, sonic), NMR, BHI (acoustic imaging) logs, core CT images and physical porosity and permeability measurements from plugs. This new workflow combines supervised deep learning and unsupervised machine learning methods, consisting of four steps: (1) Identification of textures in Core CT (2) Calibration of features of BHI logs in core section (3) Training a deep learning model with cropped images from BHI logs to extract texture curves (4) train a machine learning regression model with texture curves, WL logs and plug porosity and permeability values to propagate prediction of textures, porosity and permeability along the well. The texture curves generated by the ML model are in good match with the recognized core section textures (CT Images). The results show that the NMR Total Porosity has a good correlation with the porosity predicted by the regression model. In addition, the petrophysical data from plugs measured in the laboratory show a good match with the porosity and permeability predicted in the core zone. In the non-core zone, the predicted textures by the ML model relate to the heterogeneities of the carbonaceous rock fabric and the propagation of the petrophysical properties have good correlation with the predicted textures. In some cases, vuggy porosity combined with fractures do not allow correct porosity measurement with NMR or density tools due to the sensitivity of these tools to poor borehole conditions. In these cases, the NMR presents a fast relaxation of the T2 distribution due to the heterogeneity of these carbonaceous fabric and therefore the porosity and permeability measurements will be affected. The ML model uses CT Textures to calibrate BHI Crops in the core section zone and NMR and Basic logs as input, improving the recognition of the textural heterogeneities and refine the traditional Rock typing of these complex Pre-Salt carbonate reservoirs.
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Hu, Jialiang, Pradeep Menon, Amna Al Yaqoubi, Mohamed Al Shehhi, Mahmoud Basioni, Fabio Roncarolo, and Natela Belova. "Fracture Characterization in Deep Gas Reservoirs to Identify Fracture Enhanced Flow Units, Offshore Abu Dhabi." In Abu Dhabi International Petroleum Exhibition & Conference. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/207646-ms.
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Abstract High gas flow rates in deep-buried dolomitized reservoir from an offshore field Abu Dhabi cannot be explained by the low matrix permeability. Previous permeability multiplier based on distance to major faults is not a solid geological solution due to over-simplifying reservoir geomechanics, overlooking folding-related fractures, and lack of detailed fault interpretation from poor seismic. Alternatively, to characterize the heterogeneous flow related with natural fractures in this undeveloped reservoir, fracture network is modelled based on core, bore hole imager (BHI), conventional logs, seismic data and test information. Limited by investigation scale, vertical wells record apparent BHI, and raw fracture interpretation cannot represent true 3D percolation reflected on PLT. To overcome this shortfall, correction based on geomechanics and mechanical layer (ML) analysis is performed. Young's modulus (E), Poisson ratio (ν), and brittleness index are calculated from logs, describing reservoir tendency of fracturing. Other than defining MLs, bedding plane intensity from BHI is also used as an indicator of fracture occurrence, since stress tends to release at strata discontinuity and forms bed-bounded fractures observed from cores. Subsequently, a new fracture intensity is generated from combined geomechanics properties and statistics average of BHI-derived fracture occurrence within the ML frame, which improves match with PLT and distinguishes fracture enhance flow intervals consistently in all wells. Seismic discontinuity attributes are used as static fracture footprints to distribute fractures from wells to 3D. The final hybrid DFN comprises large-scale deterministic zone-crossing fractures and small-scale stochastic bed-bounded fractures. Sub-vertical open fractures are dominated by NE-SW wrenching fractures related with Zagros compression and reactive salt upward movement. There is no angle rotation of fractures in different fault blocks. Open fractures in other strikes are supported by partial cements and mismatching fracture walls on computerized tomography (CT) images. ML correlation shows vertical consistence across stratigraphic framework and its intensity indicates fracture potential of vertical zones reflected by tests. Fracture-enhanced flow units are further constrained by a threshold in both combined geomechanics properties and statistics average of raw BHI fracture intensity in ML frame. As a result, final fracture network maps reservoir brittleness and flow potential both vertically and laterally, identifying fracture regions along folding axis not just major faults, evidenced by wells and seismic. According to the upscaling results, the case study reveals a type-III fractured reservoir, where fractures contribute to flow not to volume. Fracture network enhances bed-wise horizontal communication but also opens vertical feeding channels. Fracture permeability is mainly influenced by aperture and intensity, while aspect ratio, fracture length, and proportion of strikes and dips mainly influence permeability distribution rather than absolute values. This study provides a production-oriented characterization workflow of natural fracture heterogeneity based on correction of raw BHI in undeveloped fields.
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Menon, Pradeep, Tarek Swedan, Kamran Jan, M. S. Al-Shehhi, Piyanuch Kieduppatum, Yasmina Bouzida, Adrian Eduardo Cazeneuve, Gulzira Zhunussova, Sila Uluyuz, and Viraj Telang. "Khuff and Pre-Khuff Reservoir Fracture Characterization using the Cross Dipole Shear Wave Imaging and Borehole Imaging Data Integration." In SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/206231-ms.
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Abstract Increasing demands for gas in UAE have led to increased focus on more tight gas reservoirs like Khuff and pre-Khuff formations, away from the conventional oil-bearing carbonate reservoirs. The case study presented is in an offshore field, Northwest of Abu Dhabi city. The structure, with an area of 50 Sq.km was first identified in 1966 and it is part of the regional N-S extending structural. The multi-discipline approach applied in this study required the integration of a suite of open-hole data over a variety of length scales. Combination of the Borehole Acoustic Reflection Imaging technique and borehole imaging logs (BHI) in 3D, provides a better understanding of the complex fracturing network and the associated formation stress orientation up to 100ft away from the wellbore. The ability to "see" away from wellbore what was previously hidden on seismic, allows unlocking further potential reserves or avoiding certain production hazards. The well has penetrated the highly economical tight clastic Pre-khuff formation and the carbonate Kuff formation, allowing the analysis over a large geological history of offshore Abu Dhabi. The coherency of all data has helped establish for the first time a baseline understanding of the role of the fractures and fault in the petrophysical properties distribution along the wellbore and the 3D structural characterization in an larger area around the wellbore (up to 100ft). The emphasize in this paper is on the Borehole Acoustic Reflection Imaging technique (DSWI), which allows the identification of both intersecting and non-intersecting of geological features with a depth of investigation up to 100 ft away from the borehole. Moreover, the combination of DSWI with BHI have been used for the anisotropy estimation away from wellbore especially in a very tight and fractured reservoir deciphering multiple fault orientation, which potentially, cancel the anisotropy estimation due to destructive interference. In addition to the presence of drilling induced fractures interfering in with the natural fracture as seen on the BHI. The detailed BHI interpretation and the petrophysical data revealed that the fracture densities and orientation vary from bottom to top interval indicating tectonic regimes affecting the field. The lithological variation due to the evolution of the depositional setting has significantly influenced the fracture distribution and their length. The presence of these induced fractures and how deep they propagate into the formation, dominates the behavior acoustic anisotropy by reaching the flexural (dipole shear) investigation zone (3 to 4ft deep). It is also interesting to see the behavior of both natural and induced fractures and their respective strike change over the different formations revealing a geomechanically complex structure.
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de C. Laier, Ana Patrícia C., Tuany Y. A. Fatah, Alexandre Magno Barbosa de Araújo, Denise Barreto, Jesus P. Salazar, and Flavio C. Mesquita. "A Presalt Operator Experience with Different Resistive Imaging Tools in NCM Environment." In Offshore Technology Conference Brasil. OTC, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4043/32986-ms.
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Abstract Considering the challenges faced in the Brazillian presalt, the importance of acquiring good quality borehole imaging (BHI) data in exploratory and production wells in this amazing province is crucial. The BHI is used to provide detailed information needed for geological, geomechanical and petrophysical analysis. The objective of this study was to compare the images of four different wireline borehole imaging tools acquired in a non-conductive mud (NCM) system with the main purpose of investigating the use of the conductive technology imaging tool to operate in this type of environment. The use of borehole image technology allows the visualization of geological, geomechanical and petrophysical features such as facies, lithological boundaries, fractures, small-scale faults, drilling induced fractures and breakouts, invasion, fluid contacts and secondary porosity. This study proposes an integrated analysis between the data acquired with a high-resolution resistivity formation imager wireline tool originally designed for conductive mud systems, in a non-conductive mud system, with two other resistivity imagers designed for non-conductive mud systems and with an acoustic imaging tool that works in both environments. The four data image files logged in the well were processed and interpreted by the operator including quality control. The operator used an integrated approach during planning, acquisition, processing and interpretation. Since they are an important part to understand the results, the measurement principles of each technology are briefly described in the Borehole Imaging (BHI) & Previous Studies section. The acquisition of an image using a tool developed for the conductive environment in a non-conductive mud system was successful. But when these results were compared with the images from two other imaging tools designed for this type of drilling fluid, it was clear that the latter had better performances presenting good quality images in most part of the logged interval. The results show that imaging tool designed for the conductive environment presented a borehole image with good quality in a non-conductive environment with a good repeatability when compared to images from tools designed specifically for this latter environment.
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Teifer, Felix, Ivan Sikora, and Alexandros Paraskevas. "Black Hole Illusion In Aviation – A Simulator Experiment to examine Predominant Criteria in a Real–Life Environment." In 14th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2023). AHFE International, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1003849.
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Black Hole Illusion (BHI) is the cause of a significant number of fatal aviation accidents, Controlled Flight Into Terrain (CFIT) events due to “lack of vertical and/or horizontal position awareness in relation to terrain” [1] and is listed as an “environmental threat”, owning a specific section in annual worldwide safety reports [2] [3]. To date, relevant studies focused on whether and how much a single factor affects the pilot’s disorientation, whereas this study considers all the known factors plus runway illumination levels in the same simulation. The simulations conducted in these studies involved one pilot each time and were conducted with a single computer screen and a joystick or in a non-movable fixed-base simulator whereas this study aims to explore BHI in the realistic environment of a movable airline-approved A-320 full-flight simulator with a real-life aircraft cockpit operated by two pilots (captain and first officer). We examine all the factors that have been thus far explored as – causes of BHI and we added light illumination levels [4] and lateral deviation of the flight path that have never been examined before. We followed an exploratory approach with active airline pilots in a simulation where conditions causing BHI were replicated. To measure deviations from the standard approach path, all crews were asked to attempt visual starless night approaches to a predetermined set of airports. While one participant was performing the approaches, the other silently observed, taking notes to assess agreement or disagreement with the flown approach path. In each scenario, landing approaches were attempted by both captain and first officer to establish whether the pilot’s position also affects BIH. We used mix-ed methods to record the outcomes [5]. Quantitative data were generated by specific measurements from deviations of the standard flight path generated by the participants attempting the landing. Qualitative data were collected from the co-pilots’ observations and post-simulation interviews. The initial analysis indicates that the occurrence of BHI in general can be confirmed at a certain distance in the final approach sector (~ 2,5nm – 0,3nm before the runway). Light intensities and the shape of the runway could be confirmed as contributing factors due to significant variations in altitude deviations. The pilot flying the aircraft and the pilot monitoring the approach seem to not have suffered from the illusion to the same extent. Significant lateral deviations could not be observed.It is anticipated that the final findings will affect both flight situational awareness training standards and flight operational policies, contributing towards reducing human error in aviation and increasing flight safety.This study is expected to contribute to the minimisation of human errors and will consequently help increase flight safety. Originality factors are:-common commercial aviation standard full-flight simulator to generate real-life pilot environment and landing conditions-two-subject-participation to represent a complete cockpit crew to assess differences in landing the aircraft from the captain´s or first officer´s perspective-different runway lighting illumination levels in combination with varying lengths of runway and widths References[1] Kelly, D. and Efthymiou, M. (2019). An analysis of human factors in fifty controlled flight into terrain aviation accidents from 2007 to 2017. Journal of Safety Research, 69, pp. 155–165.[2] IATA (2020). Safety Report: 2019 Edition, Montreal (CA): International Air Transport Association, p.234. [3] IATA (2021). Safety Report: 2020 Edition, Montreal (CA): International Air Transport Association, p.222[4] Socha, V. et al. (2020). Black Hole Approach: A Systematic Review, Proceedings of the 22nd International Conference on New Trends in Civil Aviation 2020, pp. 117–121.[5] Almalki, S. (2016). Integrating Quantitative and Qualitative Data in Mixed Methods Research—Challenges and Benefits. Journal of Education and Learning, 5(3), p. 288.