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1
Jacobs, Neil. "Scholarly Communication, the Information Chain and Technology: Analyses and Reflexions." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2001. http://eprints.rclis.org/6802/1/thesis.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
It is no longer easy to adopt deterministic explanations of scholarly communication, technology or the information chain. Complex and reflexive relations have built up between the substantive and methodological literatures relevant to these topics. This thesis aims to explore these relations with reference to two sets of interviews, one with academic researchers and the other with information professionals. These interviews were conducted in 1998-9 during the FIDDO Project, a part of the UK Joint Information Systems Committee ‘Electronic Libraries Programme’.
Two major theoretical perspectives are employed to support two analytic methodologies. The first is social constructivism, which is represented methodologically in the thesis by discourse analysis. The second is actor-network theory, which is represented methodologically by co-word analysis. Both of these approaches are engaged in questions of relativism and realism in social explanation.
The implementation of each of the methodologies involves innovative moves. The discourse analysis is focused on personal deixis (self-reference) located by pronoun-use, and on interest management. The co-word analysis is adapted from a scientometric technique and supplemented by the use of categorical definitions of the three topics. Each methodology is employed to analyse both sets of interviews. The four resulting sets of findings are presented in terms of the boundaries apparent between the three topical concepts.
The boundaries between scholarly communication, technology and the information chain are found to vary, for example according to the identities of the interviewees responsible for the data. They also vary according to the methodology employed. Discourse analysis of interviews with information professionals suggests that the idea of technology is deployed as a dual repertoire, consisting of empowerment and automation, and that the pattern of this deployment is one constituent of the contested boundaries between the three topics. Co-word analysis of the same interviews suggests that an important focus of the boundaries is around the idea of electronic journals. Discourse analysis of interviews with academic researchers also reveals use of the dual technology repertoire, but in addition suggests that the category of formal scholarly communication acts to legitimate the interests of researchers. Co-word analysis of the same interviews suggests that a number of models of document access were in play, including those based on the library, on paper and on documents. The implications of these substantive analyses include that studies based on ‘user needs’ or the ‘impact of technology’ could benefit from an analysis of how such topics are constructed in particular accounts.
Finally, the question is addressed as to the extent that the results of the discourse and the co-word analyses (of the same data) are compatible so that they can be meaningfully synthesised. That is, do the two approaches give rise to outcomes that have similar epistemological status? The question is answered ‘empirically’ with reference to the issue of reflexivity as it is configured in the two approaches, and it is confirmed that the two types of outcome are not compatible due to profound differences in the positions adopted by their respective informing theories. The methodological implications of this include that those engaged in relativist research practice need to be aware the ways in which epistemological and reflexive issues are relevant to their actions.
2
Cubells, Puertes María José. "La classificació de la documentació parlamentària de Les Corts Valencianes: la funció de control al Consell." Thesis, Universitat de València, 2008. http://eprints.rclis.org/14243/1/1_tesi.pdf.
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The aim of this thesis is to develop a framework for the classification of documents, as a basic tool for the records management system of the Valencian Parliament, with a view to facilitate the administrative management, the decision making and the retrieval of information.The methodology employed understands two stages: a review of the history of the Institution, its policies, procedure and function and, secondly, an actualised bibliographical review about the doctrine relative to the parliamentary control of government, and archival theories about document classification.The result is a functional table for document classification which is homogenous for the entire institution and allows adequate control, protection and records management, the standardization and simplification of procedure and the optimal exploitation of information from the Chamber.In conclusion, the system designed has been seen to be valid for the institution, achieving the expected goals in affording access to all users, including managers, politicians and researchers
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Pampel, Heinz. "Universitätsverlage im Spannungsfeld zwischen Wissenschaft und Literaturversorgung. Eine kritische Bestandsaufnahme." Thesis, Fachhochschulverlag Frankfurt am Main. Zugl.: Hochschule der Medien, Stuttgart, Diplomarbeit, 2006, 2007. http://eprints.rclis.org/9590/1/pampel.pdf.
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Departing from the serials crisis, this paper seeks to point out the areas of conflict, which are dominated by three principal agents: the scientific community, publishing
houses and libraries. In order to facilitate interaction between these agents the open access movement has been formed, which receives considerable support from the librarianship. Abutted to the Anglo-American university presses, it has been postulated in the scientific community that German universities engage in publishing activities too. The focal point of this work is - apart from an assessment of the current situation and an overview of the Anglo-American university presses - a critical account of the German university press. On the basis of qualitative interviews different publishing houses are critically assessed in terms of their services offered. In a short excursus this paper describes subject-related publishing activities in the context of the open access movement. In conclusion this paper will expound the problems of German university presses – and formulate an outlook as to what may be the future course of the industry.
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Costa, Sely Maria de Souza. "The impact of computer usage on scholarly communication amongst academic social scientists." Thesis, reponame:Repositório Institucional da UnB, 1999. http://eprints.rclis.org/11724/1/tese_sely_completa.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
The study aims to see whether there are differences in the nature and patterns of computer usage for communicating research between disciplines in the social sciences in Brazil and, if so, whether they can be related to factors which can affect the process of communication. The theory embedded in the research model states that pressures
that accompany the introduction of information technologies into a university environment are significant factors in the use of such technologies. These pressures
produce differences in the communication process itself. Furthermore, there may also be a relationship between individual factors and the use of IT for communication.
The research data were collected via a survey using two instruments. Firstly, mailed questionnaires were sent to 760 academic researchers in sociology and economics in
Brazil, working in post-graduate programmes. A response rate of 64.1 percent was achieved. Secondly, 36 interviews were carried out with a sample of the most productive researchers in the two subjects studied. The interview sample included both respondents and non-respondents to the questionnaire. A small sample of 11 British academic researchers was included in the interview survey, in order to allow comparisons and see whether Brazilian academics lag behind IT front-runners. Data collected revealed that there is an impact of computer usage on the scholarly
communication process, especially in terms of informal communication. Such an impact can be related to changes in the social interactions that underlie knowledge creation among researchers, and also relates to differences in patterns and processes of computer usage between the chosen disciplines. Formal communication has experienced a gradually growing impact by electronic media on the well-established print environment, with the likely co-existence of the two media for some time to come. The results obtained showed that Brazilian researchers do not lag behind the British ones. Not many differences, but most similarities were found between economists and sociologists in both Brazil and the UK.
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Guallar, Javier. "Las hemerotecas de la prensa digital. Análisis de diarios españoles." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/96817.
Full textAbstract:
La tesis presenta un modelo o sistema para el análisis y la evaluación de las hemerotecas de la prensa digital, que se aplica a una muestra de diarios españoles entre 2007 y 2010 y se enmarca en una propuesta de clasificación de fuentes de información sobre prensa digital.
La clasificación de las principales fuentes de información sobre prensa digital sigue como criterio fundamental para establecer la tipología de productos la función principal que realizan para el usuario, lo que lleva a establecer cuatro grandes ámbitos: acceso a cabeceras de prensa, búsqueda de información, seguimiento de información y agregación de contenidos. De cada una de estas clases, se describen y analizan distintas subtipologías: directorios, hemerotecas históricas, hemerotecas digitales de medios, bases de datos de prensa, seguimiento de prensa, seguimiento online, seguimiento en redes sociales, agregadores manuales, agregadores automatizados y agregadores sociales. Se muestran para cada tipología ejemplos significativos de las áreas lingüísticas inglesa y española.
El sistema de análisis de hemerotecas digitales parte de una amplia revisión bibliográfica de trabajos sobre evaluación de recursos web y bases de datos web, y de trabajos sobre análisis y evaluación de hemerotecas de diarios digitales. Es un procedimiento evaluativo de tipo heurístico basado en 27 indicadores articulados en cuatro grandes secciones: aspectos generales, contenidos, sistema de consulta y presentación de resultados. Se expone para cada indicador: definición, explicación y uso de la puntuación. Los indicadores son:
A.1. Denominación
A.2. Ubicación del acceso a la hemeroteca
A.3. Información sobre la hemeroteca
A.4. Coste
A.5. Productos documentales
B.1. Colecciones disponibles
B.2. Formatos disponibles
B.3. Cobertura temporal
C.1. Tipos de consulta por interrogación (palabras clave)
C.2. Lenguaje de consulta
C.3. Visualización de los índices
C.4. Ajuste de relevancia
C.5. Acotación temporal
C.6. Acotación en colecciones
C.7. Acotación en formatos
C.8. Acotación por campos del registro
C.9. Reutilización de búsquedas
C.10. Consulta de tesauros u otros vocabularios controlados
C.11. Acceso por navegación cronológica (browsing)
C.12. Ayudas
D.1. Gestión de las listas de resultados
D.2. Campos visualizados del registro del documento
D.3. Agrupación de resultados por categorías
D.4. Identificación de los términos de búsqueda en el documento
D.5. Formatos de visualización de un mismo documento.
D.6. Gestión de los documentos recuperados
D.7. Presentación de documentos relacionados
Con este modelo, se analizan las hemerotecas digitales de los diarios españoles de mayor audiencia y difusión. Es un estudio longitudinal efectuado entre los años 2007 y 2010. Se presentan con detalle los resultados del análisis realizado en 2010, y se relacionan con los obtenidos anteriormente en 2007. Se señalan los aspectos mejores y peores de las hemerotecas de prensa digital, se establece un ranking de diarios en el que ocupan las primeras posiciones El mundo, Abc, El país y La vanguardia, y se destacan finalmente cinco grandes tendencias observadas:
-ampliación del fondo temporal en línea;
-hemerotecas gratuitas versus hemerotecas de pago;
-simplificación (y empobrecimiento) de la búsqueda;
-filtros en la presentación de resultados;
-productos documentales en la sección Hemeroteca.This study presents a system for the analysis and evaluation of digital press archives, analyses the digital press archives of a sample of Spanish newspapers and presents a proposal to classify and analyze the main sources that provide access to online press. The system is a kind of heuristic evaluation procedure based on 27 indicators articulated in four main sections: general features, contents, the query system, and presentation of results. For each indicator is explained: definition, explanation and use of punctuation. With this method, it analyses the digital press archives of the Spanish newspapers with the largest digital circulations between 2007 and 2010. The study points out the best and worst aspects of the digital press archives, establishing a ranking of newspapers in which El Mundo, Abc, El País and La Vanguardia occupy the top positions, and finally shows five major trends: extension of the temporary fund online, free archives versus payment archives, simplification (and depletion) of the query, filters in the presentation of results and documentary products in the archive section.
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Guallar, Javier. "Curación de contenidos en el periodismo digital: conceptualización y propuesta de un sistema para la evaluación de la curación en medios de comunicación digitales." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/672646.
Full textAbstract:
El objetivo de esta investigación es estudiar la curación de contenidos en el ámbito del periodismo, desarrollar un sistema de análisis para evaluar su uso y analizar su implementación en medios de comunicación digitales. En relación con ello: a) se propone una definición del concepto de curación de contenidos en periodismo; b) se estudia el alcance del concepto de curación periodística, y se relaciona con el concepto cercano de documentación periodística; c) se sitúa la investigación sobre curación periodística en el contexto más general de la investigación sobre curación; d) se presenta por primera vez en la literatura un sistema para la evaluación de la curación en medios de comunicación digitales; e) se prueba y valida esta nueva herramienta de evaluación con una muestra de productos periodísticos, en concreto newsletters, en el primer estudio sistemático realizado sobre curación en medios de un país; f) se establecen las características principales de los productos periodísticos basados en curación; y g) se identifican buenas prácticas de curación periodística.This research’s goal is to study content curation in the field of journalism, develop an analysis system to evaluate its use and analyse its implementation in digital media. In relation to this: a) a definition of the concept of content curation in journalism is proposed; b) the scope of the concept of journalistic curation is studied, and it is related to the close concept of journalistic documentation; c) research on journalistic curation is situated in the more general context of research on curation; d) a system for evaluating curation in digital media is presented for the first time in the literature; e) this new evaluation tool is tested and validated with a sample of journalistic products, specifically newsletters, in the first systematic study carried out on curation in the media of a country; f) the main characteristics of journalistic products based on curation are established; and g) good journalistic curation practices are identified.
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Agarwal, Rachit. "Towards enhancing information dissemination in wireless networks." Thesis, Evry, Institut national des télécommunications, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013TELE0020/document.
Full textAbstract:
Dans les systèmes d'alertes publiques, l’étude de la diffusion des informations dans le réseau est essentielle. Les systèmes de diffusion des messages d'alertes doivent atteindre beaucoup de nœuds en peu de temps. Dans les réseaux de communication basés sur les interactions “device to device”, on s'est récemment beaucoup intéressé à la diffusion des informations et le besoin d'auto-organisation a été mis en évidence. L'auto-organisation conduit à des comportements locaux et des interactions qui ont un effet sur le réseau global et présentent un avantage de scalabilité. Ces réseaux auto-organisés peuvent être autonomes et utiliser peu d'espace mémoire. On peut développer des caractères auto-organisés dans les réseaux de communication en utilisant des idées venant de phénomènes naturels. Il semble intéressant de chercher à obtenir les propriétés des “small world” pour améliorer la diffusion des informations dans le réseau. Dans les modèles de “small world” on réalise un recâblage des liens dans le réseau en changeant la taille et la direction des liens existants. Dans un environnement sans-fils autonome une organisation de ce type peut être créée en utilisant le flocking, l'inhibition latérale et le “beamforming”. Dans ce but, l'auteur utilise d'abord l'analogie avec l'inhibition latérale, le flocking et le “beamforming” pour montrer comment la diffusion des informations peut être améliorée. L'analogue de l'inhibition latérale est utilisé pour créer des régions virtuelles dans le réseau. Puis en utilisant l'analogie avec les règles du flocking, on caractérise les propriétés des faisceaux permettant aux nœuds de communiquer dans les régions. Nous prouvons que les propriétés des “small world” sont vérifiées en utilisant la mesure des moyennes des longueurs des chemins. Cependant l'algorithme proposé est valable pour les réseaux statiques alors que dans les cas introduisant de la mobilité, les concepts d'inhibition latérale et de flocking nécessiteraient beaucoup plus de temps. Dans le cas d'un réseau mobile la structure du réseau change fréquemment. Certaines connexions intermittentes impactent fortement la diffusion des informations. L'auteur utilise le concept de stabilité avec le “beamforming” pour montrer comment on peut améliorer la diffusion des informations. Dans son algorithme il prévoit d'abord la stabilité du nœud en utilisant des informations locales et il utilise ce résultat pour identifier les nœuds qui réaliseront du beamforming. Dans l'algorithme, les nœuds de stabilité faible sont autorisés à faire du beamforming vers les nœuds de forte stabilité. La frontière entre forte et faible stabilité est fixée par un seuil. Cet algorithme ne nécessite pas une connaissance globale du réseau, mais utilise des données locales. Les résultats sont validés en étudiant le temps au bout duquel plus de nœuds reçoivent l'information et en comparant avec d'autres algorithmes de la littérature. Cependant, dans les réseaux réels, les changements de structure ne sont pas dus qu'à la mobilité, mais également à des changements de la densité des nœuds à un moment donné. Pour tenir compte de l'influence de tels événements sur la diffusion des informations concernant la sécurité publique, l'auteur utilise les concepts de modèle de métapopulation, épidémiologiques, “beamforming” et mobilité géographique obtenu à partir de données D4D. L'auteur propose la création de trois états latents qu'il ajoute au modèle épidémiologique connu: SIR. L'auteur étudie les états transitoires en analysant l'évolution du nombre de postes ayant reçu les informations et compare les résultats concernant ce nombre dans les différents cas. L'auteur démontre ainsi que le scenario qu'il propose permet d'améliorer le processus de diffusion des informations. Il montre aussi les effets de différents paramètres comme le nombre de sources, le nombre de paquets, les paramètres de mobilité et ceux qui caractérisent les antennes sur la diffusion des informationsIn public warning message systems, information dissemination across the network is a critical aspect that has to be addressed. Dissemination of warning messages should be such that it reaches as many nodes in the network in a short time. In communication networks those based on device to device interactions, dissemination of the information has lately picked up lot of interest and the need for self organization of the network has been brought up. Self organization leads to local behaviors and interactions that have global effects and helps in addressing scaling issues. The use of self organized features allows autonomous behavior with low memory usage. Some examples of self organization phenomenon that are observed in nature are Lateral Inhibition and Flocking. In order to provide self organized features to communication networks, insights from such naturally occurring phenomenon is used. Achieving small world properties is an attractive way to enhance information dissemination across the network. In small world model rewiring of links in the network is performed by altering the length and the direction of the existing links. In an autonomous wireless environment such organization can be achieved using self organized phenomenon like Lateral inhibition and Flocking and beamforming (a concept in communication). Towards this, we first use Lateral Inhibition, analogy to Flocking behavior and beamforming to show how dissemination of information can be enhanced. Lateral Inhibition is used to create virtual regions in the network. Then using the analogy of Flocking rules, beam properties of the nodes in the regions are set. We then prove that small world properties are achieved using average path length metric. However, the proposed algorithm is applicable to static networks and Flocking and Lateral Inhibition concepts, if used in a mobile scenario, will be highly complex in terms of computation and memory. In a mobile scenario such as human mobility aided networks, the network structure changes frequently. In such conditions dissemination of information is highly impacted as new connections are made and old ones are broken. We thus use stability concept in mobile networks with beamforming to show how information dissemination process can be enhanced. In the algorithm, we first predict the stability of a node in the mobile network using locally available information and then uses it to identify beamforming nodes. In the algorithm, the low stability nodes are allowed to beamform towards the nodes with high stability. The difference between high and low stability nodes is based on threshold value. The algorithm is developed such that it does not require any global knowledge about the network and works using only local information. The results are validated using how quickly more number of nodes receive the information and different state of the art algorithms. We also show the effect of various parameters such as number of sources, number of packets, mobility parameters and antenna parameters etc. on the information dissemination process in the network. In realistic scenarios however, the dynamicity in the network is not only related to mobility. Dynamic conditions also arise due to change in density of nodes at a given time. To address effect of such scenario on the dissemination of information related to public safety in a metapopulation, we use the concepts of epidemic model, beamforming and the countrywide mobility pattern extracted from the $D4D$ dataset. Here, we also propose the addition of three latent states to the existing epidemic model ($SIR$ model). We study the transient states towards the evolution of the number of devices having the information and the difference in the number of devices having the information when compared with different cases to evaluate the results. Through the results we show that enhancements in the dissemination process can be achieved in the addressed scenario
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Medetov, Seytkamal. "Bio-inspired Approaches for Informatio Dissemination in Ad hon Networks." Thesis, Belfort-Montbéliard, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014BELF0253/document.
Full textAbstract:
La dissémination d’information dans les réseaux VANET est une opération fondamentale pour la sécurité routière. Il est dès lors nécessaire de concevoir et mettre en oeuvre des algorithmes efficaces et adaptatifs pour la dissémination d’informations sélectives et pertinentes.Dans ce travail, des approches Bio-inspirées sont proposées, à partir des comportements auto-organisés des essaims comme les colonies de fourmis et d’abeilles. Ces approches visent à fournir à chaque véhicule des informations en provenance de son environnement et alerter les conducteurs. Dans la première approche, le système de communication direct et indirect des fourmis est utilisé. Les fourmis partagent les informations sur les sources de nourriture avec des membres de la colonie en sécrétant la phéromone sur leurs chemins. La deuxième approche est inspirée par le système de communication des abeilles. Les abeilles partagent les informations à propos des sources de nourriture avec les autres membres de la ruche par des messages spécifiques, selon l’importance de ces sources.Une nouvelle mesure de "pertinence" associée aux messages est définie, par analogie à la sécrétion des phéromones des fourmis et au niveau de l’intensité des messages pour les abeilles, pour disséminer des informations de sécurité dans une zone géographique. Les simulations sont effectuées en utilisant le simulateur NS2 pour mesurer l’efficacité des approches proposées sous différentes conditions, en particulier en termes de densités et vitesses des véhiculesInformation dissemination in Vehicular Ad hoc Networks (VANETs) is a fundamental operation to increase the safety awareness among vehicles on roads. Thus, the design and implementation of efficient and scalable algorithms for relevant information dissemination constitutes a major issue that should be tackled.In this work, bio-inspired information dissemination approaches are proposed, that use self-organization principles of swarms such as Ant and Honey Bee colonies. These approaches are targeted to provide each vehicle with the required information about its surrounding and assist drivers to be aware of undesirable road conditions. In the first approach, Ant’s direct and indirect communication systems are used. Ants share information about food findings with colony members by throwing pheromone on the returning to the nest. The second, an RSU-based approach is inspired by the Bee communication system. Bees share profitable food sources with hive-mates in their hive by specific messages.A “relevance” value associated to the emergency messages is defined as an analogue to pheromone throwing in Ant colony, and as an analogue to profitability level in Bee colony, to disseminate safety information within a geographical area. Simulations are conducted using NS2 network simulator and relevant metrics are evaluated under different node speeds and network densities to show the effectiveness of the proposed approaches
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Wallace, Richard. "ETSU Medical Residents' Clinical Information Behaviors, Skills, Training, and Resource Use." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2007. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/2076.
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Information is a powerful tool for enabling physicians to provide quality healthcare for their patients. Information use in the clinic is a skill that must be learned. If medical residency programs fail to impart this skill, then patients will suffer.
The residents of the ETSU Quillen College of Medicine were surveyed as to their use of clinical information. Of the 217 residents of the 2005-2006 class who were surveyed, 105 returned the survey for a return rate of 48%. The clinical faculty was also surveyed in order to measure the responses of the residents against that of their instructors.
ETSU residents frequently had a new information need in the clinic. The majority of the time they did not seek an answer, but when they did they were often successful in finding an answer. Therapy information was the most frequently sought after type of information. Most residents used the Quillen College of Medicine Library, but not at a desirable rate. Residents stated that information obtained from the library was helpful in caring for their patients. The most frequent source of information used by residents was electronic resources and the greatest barrier to the use of information was time. The majority of residents were PDA users, with Palm devices being the primary platform. The residents rated their PDA skills and evidence-based medicine skills as above average. Few were LoansomeDoc users. The majority of residents received information training from clinical faculty and from librarians and rated it highly. Residents indicated a desire for more training and the majority indicated that they would like a clinical medical librarian for their program. They rated the library service of the Quillen College of Medicine and the area teaching hospitals highly. Residents used Google and the Web frequently. PubMed was rated as a valuable resource. Online journals and the UpToDate database were important electronic resources for the residents.
ETSU residents have many excellent resources and training opportunities in place. However, for ETSU residents to go out into community practice as true "Infomasters" an upgrading of their information training should be undertaken.
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Henry, Didier. "Modèles de propagation de l'information et méthodes de sciences des données." Thesis, Antilles, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018ANTI0323/document.
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De nos jours, les médias sociaux en ligne ont transformé notre façon de créer, de partager et d'accéder à l'information. Ces plateformes reposent sur de gigantesques réseaux favorisent le libre échange d'informations entre des centaines de millions de personnes à travers le monde entier, et cela de manière instantanée.Qu'ils soient en lien avec un évènement global ou en lien avec un évènement local, ces messages peuvent influencer une société et peuvent contenir des informations utiles pour la détection ou la prédiction de phénomènes du monde réel.Cependant, certains messages diffusés peuvent avoir un impact très négatif dans la vie réelle. Ces messages contenant une « infox » peuvent avoir des conséquences désastreuses.Pour éviter et anticiper ces situations dramatiques, suivre les rumeurs, éviter les mauvaises réputations, il est nécessaire d'étudier puis de modéliser la propagation de l'information.Or, la plupart des modèles de diffusion introduits reposent sur des hypothèses axiomatiques représentées par des modèles mathématiques. Par conséquent, ces modèles sont éloignés des comportements de diffusion des utilisateurs dans la mesure où ils n’intègrent pas les observations faites sur des cas concrets de diffusion. Dans nos travaux, nous étudions le phénomène de diffusion de l’information à deux échelles. À une échelle microscopique, nous avons observé les comportements de diffusion selon des traits de personnalité des utilisateurs en analysant les messages qu'ils publient en termes de sentiments et d'émotions. À une échelle macroscopique, nous avons analysé l'évolution du phénomène de diffusion en prenant en compte la dimension géographique des utilisateursNowadays, online social media has transformed the way we create, share and access information. These platforms rely on gigantic networks that promote the free exchange of information between hundreds of millions of people around the world, and this instantly.Whether related to a global event or in connection with a local event, these messages may influence a society and may contain information useful for the detection or prediction of real-world phenomena.However, some broadcast messages can have a very negative impact in real life. These messages containing false information can have disastrous consequences.To avoid and anticipate these dramatic situations, follow rumors, avoid bad reputations, it is necessary to study and then model the propagation of information.However, most of the diffusion models introduced are based on axiomatic hypotheses represented by mathematical models. As a result, these models are far removed from the users' dissemination behaviors in that they do not incorporate observations made on concrete dissemination cases. In our work, we study the phenomenon of diffusion of information at two scales. On a microscopic scale, we observed diffusion behaviors based on the personality traits of users by analyzing the messages they post in terms of feelings and emotions. On a macroscopic scale, we analyzed the evolution of the diffusion phenomenon by taking into account the geographical dimension of the users
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Brun, Philippe. "Conférence répartie en mode messagerie." Saint-Etienne, 1987. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/docs/00/94/12/02/PDF/1987_Brun_Philippe.pdf.
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Les conférences informatiques sont promises à un bel avenir. Toutefois, leur essor est freiné par le coût des communications, les difficultés inhérentes à ce type d'outils qui s'adressent à un grand nombre d'utilisateurs, mettent en jeu de grandes quantités d'informations et couvrent un large champ d'applications, et par la nécessité d'offrir aux usagers un accès simple, confortable et efficace. La solution que nous proposons répond à ces problèmes par les options suivantes. L'ensemble des messages échangés est archivé dans une structurée ce qui permet de les gérer efficacement. Cette base est dupliquée sur différents sites pour réduire les coûts de consultation. Les communications entre sites se font en mode messagerie telle qu'elle est recommandée par le CCITT. Pour une bonne coopération des usagers, des rôles sont définis, des droits leur sont associés. Enfin, l'interface avec l'utilisateur tire parti des progrès réalisés dans ce domaine tant dans le matériel que dans les logiciels actuellement disponibles.
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Boulland, Romain. "Trois essais en finance d'entreprise." Thesis, Paris 9, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA090049.
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Les investisseurs n’exploitent pas toujours toute l’information disponible lorsqu’ils prennent des décisions, en raison à la fois d’une surabondance de l’information et de capacités cognitives limitées. Le premier essai de cette thèse montre que les sociétés tirent parti de l’inattention des investisseurs en communiquant plus ou moins longtemps à l’avance la date à laquelle aura lieu les annonces de résultats. Des résultats positifs sont notifiés très en amont tandis que des résultats décevants font l’objet d’un délai de notification plus court. Le second essai traite de la visibilité internationale des sociétés et étudie l’impact d’une communication en anglais via des canaux de diffusion à grande échelle. Cette diffusion plus large augmente l’attention des investisseurs et les informations contenues dans les annonces de résultat sont plus rapidement intégrées dans le prix des titres. Le troisième essai traite des conséquences d’une visibilité accrue des sociétés sur leur politique d’investissement. Une diffusion élargie des informations financières améliore à la fois l’environnement informationnel des sociétés et l’efficacité de leur politique d’investissementInvestors often fail to incorporate all relevant information when they make decisions. This is a consequence of both information overload and investors’ limited cognitive abilities. The first essay shows that firms take advantage of investors’ inattention by managing the advance notice period of earnings announcements. Firms notify the date of positive earnings announcement several weeks in advance while disappointing earnings are notified at late notice. The second essay deals with firms’ international visibility and studies how communicating on English-speaking wire services impacts investors’ attention. Higher dissemination of news increases investors’ attention and improves the incorporation of information into stock prices. The third essay deals with the effects of firms’ visibility on investment policy. It shows that higher dissemination of disclosures improves firms’ informational environment and investment efficiency
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Boczkowski, Lucas. "Search and broadcast in stochastic environments, a biological perspective." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018USPCC044.
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Cette thèse s’articule autour de deux séries de travaux motivés par des expériences sur des fourmis. Bien qu’inspirés par labiologie, les modèles que nous développons utilisent une terminologie et une approche typique de l’informatique théorique.Le premier modèle s’inspire du transport collaboratif de nourriture au sein de l’espèce P. Longicornis. Certains aspectsfondamentaux du processus peuvent être décrits par un problème de recherche sur un graphe en présence d’un certain typed’indications bruitées à chaque noeud. Ces indications représentent de courtes traces de phéromones déposées devant l’objettransporté afin de faciliter la navigation. Dans cette thèse, nous donnons une analyse complète du problème lorsque le graphesous-jacent est un arbre, une hypothèse pertinente dans un cadre informatique. En particulier, notre modèle peut être vucomme une généralisation de la recherche binaire aux arbres, en présence de bruit. De manière surprenante, lescomportements des algorithmes optimaux dans ce cadre diffèrent suivant le type de garantie que l’on étudie : convergence enmoyenne ou avec grande probabilité.Le deuxième modèle présenté dans cette thèse a été conçu pour décrire la dissémination d’informations au sein de fourmis dudésert. Dans notre modèle, les échanges ont lieu uniformément au hasard, et sont sujets à du bruit. Nous prouvons une borneinférieure sur le nombre d’interactions requis en fonction de la taille du groupe. La borne, de même que les hypothèses dumodèle, semblent compatible avec les données expérimentales.Une conséquence théorique de ce résultat est une séparation dans ce cadre des variantes PUSH et PULL pour le problème du broadcast avec bruit. Nous étudions aussi une version du problème avec des garanties de convergence plus fortes. Dans cecas, le problème peut-être résolu efficacement, même si les échanges d’information au cours de chaque interaction sont très limitésThis thesis is built around two series of works, each motivated by experiments on ants. We derive and analyse new models,that use computer science concepts and methodology, despite their biological roots and motivation.The first model studied in this thesis takes its inspiration in collaborative transport of food in the P. Longicornis species. Wefind that some key aspects of the process are well described by a graph search problem with noisy advice. The advicecorresponds to characteristic short scent marks laid in front of the load in order to facilitate its navigation. In this thesis, weprovide detailed analysis of the model on trees, which are relevant graph structures from a computer science standpoint. Inparticular our model may be viewed as a noisy extension of binary search to trees. Tight results in expectation and highprobability are derived with matching upper and lower bounds. Interestingly, there is a sharp phase transition phenomenon forthe expected runtime, but not when the algorithms are only required to succeed with high probability.The second model we work with was initially designed to capture information broadcast amongst desert ants. The model usesa stochastic meeting pattern and noise in the interactions, in a way that matches experimental data. Within this theoreticalmodel, we present in this document a strong lower bound on the number of interactions required before information can bespread reliably. Experimentally, we see that the time required for the recruitment process of even few ants increases sharplywith the group size, in accordance with our result. A theoretical consequence of the lower bound is a separation between theuniform noisy PUSH and PULL models of interaction. We also study a close variant of broadcast, without noise this time butunder more strict convergence requirements and show that in this case, the problem can be solved efficiently, even with verylimited exchange of information on each interaction
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Abiza, Yamina. "Personnalisation de la distribution et de la présentation des informations des bases de vidéo interactive diffusées." Nancy 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997NAN10249.
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Notre thèse traite des problèmes de la conception et de la personnalisation des applications de bases de documents de vidéo interactive dans les services d'information multimédia résidentiels émergents (télévision interactive et télématique de deuxième génération). Plus précisément nous nous intéressons aux services d'information dits "server push" où les sources d'information sont dynamiques, distribuées, et destinées à être diffusées dans des environnements hétérogènes, à ressources partagées, et à utilisateurs ayant des besoins d'information individuel différents. Dans ce contexte, il y a plusieurs aspects à personnaliser. Nous nous centrons ici sur deux problèmes particuliers : le filtrage d'information basé sur les critères de structure des documents et l'adaptation des modalités de présentation des contenus. Ces deux problèmes sont liés à la conception de la base d'information. Notre approche de la personnalisation est basée sur la définition d'un modèle conceptuel de données, HB_Model, qui comporte un modèle de données de base pour la représentation des structures des documents de vidéo interactive, un modèle HB_Views et un modèle HB_Views et un modèle HB_Versions. HB_Yiews offre un mécanisme de vues pour le filtrage automatique basé sur la structure hypermédia et la sémantique associée dans les applications étudiées. HB_Versions est un modèle de représentation et de structuration d'objets simples multiversions du modèle de base, adapté aux besoins spécifiques de la personnalisatons des modalités de présentation des contenus des documents. Ce modèle permet la spécification en intention des configurations, cohérentes et adaptatives, des modalités de présentation des contenus suivant les contraintes dynamiques du contexte d'interaction et de présentation - sous la forme d'un CSP (Constraints Satisfaction Problem). Pour terminer, nous montrons comment nos propositions s'articulent et s'insèrent dans l'architecture fonctionnelle et opérationnelle d'un service d'information de vidéo interactive diffusé et personnaliséIn this thesis we deal with the issues of the design and personalization of data-oriented interactive video applications (i. E. Multimedia/hypermedia documents applications with predominance of audio and video data) in the emerging residential multimedia informatoin services (i. E. Interactive television and second generation telematics) More specifically, we are concerned with the server-push information services (i. E. Distributed dynamic and broadcast information sources) to be deployed in heteroyenous environments with shared ressources and destinated to users having different information needs and preferences. In this context, they are a lot of possible aspects to personalize. Here we focus on two particular related aspects : structure-based information filtering and personalization of contents presentation modalities. The techniques to achieve these personalization aspects are tightly related to the design of a given information source. Our approach to personalization is based on the definition of a conceptual data model, HB_Model, composed of : 1) a base model to represent documents organization and internal structure in video interactive sources, 2) a versionning model, HB_Versions, to represents documents contents with multiple alternative representation forms or modalities, and 3) a model for wiews definition, HB_Views, to represent relatively stable users information needs. Personalized information delivery from a given server - based on structure criteria - is archived by the materialization of individual users' views specifications using newly available information on this server. Personalization of contents representation modalitics is archived by the intentional specification of documents contents configuration in the form of a CSP (Constraint Satisfaction Problem) which reflects the constraints of the interaction and presentation contexts caracteristics on the choice of the presentation modality for each content and garantees the coherence of presentation modalities combinations. Finally, we show how our propositions articulate and fit into the architecture of a personalized, server-push interactive video information service
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Lin, Trista Shuenying. "Smart parking : Network, infrastructure and urban service." Thesis, Lyon, INSA, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ISAL0138/document.
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Le parking intelligent, permettant aux conducteurs d'accéder aux informations de stationnement sur leurs appareils mobiles, réduit les difficultés des usagers. Tout d'abord, nous mettons en lumière la manière de recueillir les informations de parking en introduisant une architecture de réseaux de capteurs multi-saut, et les modèles d'intensité applicative en examinant la probabilité d'arrivées et de départs de véhicules. Puis nous étudions la stratégie de déploiement des réseaux de capteurs et définissons un problème multi-objectifs, puis nous le résolvons sur deux cartes de parking réelles. Ensuite, nous définissons un service Publish-Subscribe pour fournir aux conducteurs des informations pertinentes. Nous illustrons le système dans des réseaux véhiculaires et mobiles et soulignons l'importance du contenu et du contexte du message au conducteur. Afin d'évaluer la résilience du système, nous proposons un modèle Publish-Subscribe étendu et nous l'évaluons dans différentes circonstances imprévues. Notre travail est basé sur la prémisse que les capteurs de parking sont déployés à une grande échelle dans la ville. Nous considérons une vue d'ensemble des services urbains du point de vue de la municipalité. Ainsi, nous faisons la lumière sur deux thèmes principaux: la collecte d'informations sur le déploiement de capteurs et un modèle étendu de Publish-Subscribe. Notre travail donne un guide avant de démarrer un projet de parking intelligent ou tout service urbain similaire en temps réel. Il fournit également une plate-forme d'évaluation valable pour tester des jeux de données plus réalistes, comme des traces de véhicules ou de trafic réseauSmart parking, allowing drivers to access parking information through their smart-phone, is proposed to ease drivers' pain. We first spotlight the manner to collect parking information by introducing the multi-hop sensor network architecture, and how the network is formed. We then introduce the traffic intensity models by looking at the vehicle's arrival and departure probabilities, following the heavy-tailed distribution. We study the deployment strategy of wireless on-street parking sensor layouts. We define a multiple-objective problem and solve it with two real street parking maps. In turn, we present a Publish-Subscribe service system to provide good parking information to drivers. We illustrate the system with a vehicular network and point out the importance of content and context of a driver’s message. To evaluate the resilience, we propose an extended Publish-Subscribe model, and evaluate it under different unforeseen circumstances. Our work is based on the premise that large-scale parking sensors are deployed in the city. We look at the whole picture of urban service from viewpoint of the municipality. As such, we shed light on two main topics: the information collection on sensor deployment and an extended version of Publish-Subscribe messaging paradigm. Our work gives a guideline from network-related perspectives for city before launching a smart parking or any similar real-time urban service. It also provides a meaningful evaluation platform for testing more realistic datasets, such as real vehicle traces or network traffic
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Viana, Cassandra Lúcia de Maya. "O fluxo de informações na transferência de tecnologia: estudo dos acordos tecnológicos registrados no INPI - Brasil." Thesis, 1997. http://eprints.rclis.org/7410/1/Fluxo_informa%C3%A7%C3%B5es_Transfer%C3%AAncia_de_Tecnologia.pdf.
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Analyses information flow deriving from technological agreements, in Brazil. TT is presented as a commercial, political, cultural and communication relationship between owners and receivers of new technologies. It focuses knowledge and information as important elements towards national tecnhnological development. Technical, legal and statistical documentation from INPI have been studied through 1979/1988 and 1989/1995 periods moreover plans and programs from Brazil’s cientific and tecnhological policies. Literature review has allowed raising up factors and variables related to TT within both periods. A conceptual framework, based on contractual categories INPI’s definition and, specificaly, on each one’s function regarding knowledge/information provision has posed two types of supply: one, called “accidental” flow and another called “compulsory” flow. The sample, stratified in the same proportion for each category considered, has comprised 392 elements representing an 19,130 contracts entire universe. Results have showed that the major part of contracts: do not transfer propriety neither of technology, nor of its inherent knowledge; do not usually contain restricting clauses related to information supply; may define the means by which information could be provided; do not propose training programs for receiver firms' technical staff; and do not include estimate of the degree of technological knowledge absorption. Arithmetical average calculation has permitted comparative analysis within both periods results. It has showed, for the second period, significant reduction on LEP’s type occurrance, little reduction on STE’s type occurrance, reduction also on CTI’s type occurrance and an almost double growth on FTI’s occurrance. It has also demonstrated an increase in TT agreements both originated from the native country and from foreign nations. An increase in the difference calculation of contracts numbers on the second period has lead to suppose a greater demand on out-of-the-way originated technology. Difference between average number of contracts providing both kinds of information flow has been reduced, on the second period, showing a greater demand on supposed “compulsory” flow kind of contracts. Based on the whole evidence it was inferred that TT’s information flow present situation is mainly “accidental” type and does not contribute to application and absorption of negotiated technologies and, consequently, to Brazil’s technological development. Some suggestions of areas related to TT information flow studies are presented in order to encourage deeper research. Some guidelines are proposed as subsidies to receiver countries technological policy focusing information events within TT context, aiming at impulsioning national technological development.
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Petinari, Valdinéa Sonia. "Repositórios digitais de acesso livre de monografias na área a ciência da informação." Thesis, 2007. http://eprints.rclis.org/12378/1/TCC_Petinari.pdf.
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It is presented scientific communication, its communication channels, its sources of information and it is discussed the information dissemination by means of digital repositories of free access. Graduation in Brazil, the area of Information Science and the purpose of the works of course conclusion and monographs is aproached. It is investigated if the digital repositories of free access of monographs can be a new tool of scientific communication in the area of the Information Science. It is evaluated in the point of view of undergraduate, graduated and professors of the Course of Information Science of the College of Library Science of the Pontifical University Catholic of Campinas the use and the applicability of the digital repositories of free access for dissemination of the scientific knowledge. It is verified possible demand and interest of the academic community for digital access the works of course conclusion, and if the professors of the course of Information Science consider pertinent the availability of the scientific production of the graduation (monographs) in a digital repository of free access. It is used as the method scientific search of exploratory character and it is applied as instrument of the collection of data questionnaires structuralized with closed and opened questions. He has yourself as resulted of the research that the professors consider pertinent the availability of the monographs in digital way and that there is interest of the academic community in having access to informational contents by means of the digital repositories. It is concluded that, even so it is not a current practice the use of digital repositories of free access of monographs for the community searched, presented as a new tool for dissemination of the scientific communication in the area of Information Science.
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Borges, Maria Manuel. "A Esfera: comunicação académica e novos media." Thesis, 2006. http://eprints.rclis.org/20620/1/MMB%20A%20esfera.pdf.
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In a connected world, the main problem a researcher has to face is that it is not as connected as it is expected – or, indeed, it should be. By this we mean that there are connections, but most of them are 'closed' connections, in the sense that they require a sort of key, usually a paid one, to enter into that information world. This is the problem, and what is discussed here is a contribution to overcome it. The scientific information world is a world of sharing - ideas, techniques, methodologies -, published in books, journal articles, conference proceedings and reports, among others. Not only is this a world of sharing, it also requires that it should be for the enhancement of science for all. One could reasonably expect that this technology or new media of communication would bring about a more equalitarian world; yet, this new layer of communication reflects and even reinforces the differences existing in our ordinary world. On the other hand, it invites us to imagine how it could be, contemplating new and more cooperative ways of doing science. We will try to show that this is possible; in fact, to challenge the ordinary ways of how science is communicated and disseminated – that is, shared – is imperative for the exploration of new modes of dialogue and co-construction of science, not just for researchers but for the whole society.
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Gakindi, Monica Jr. "Information access needs of satellite campuses in Kenya - Can OER close the gap? The Case of Moi University Nairobi Campus." Thesis, 2010. http://eprints.rclis.org/15384/1/Information%20Access%20Needs%20of%20Satellite%20Campuses%20in%20Kenya.pdf.
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This case study was aimed at obtaining the experiences of faculty and students of Moi
University, Nairobi Campus in accessing information resources for teaching, learning and
research. The study examined background information regarding knowledge societies and the
role of higher education in society. This was done with a view to exploring the potential of
Open Educational Resources in enhancing access to teaching, learning and research
information resources at the campus.
The literature review focused on the concept of Open Educational Resources (OER) and
provided a critical examination of access to knowledge and learning materials in higher
education. Evidently, little empirical studies have been conducted in Africa concerning OER.
The Communities of Practice theory was adopted to inform the study with regard to learning
experiences and their realization in communities.
Online questionnaires and interviews were the principle data collection instruments. These
were administered upon faculty, students and the librarian of Moi University, Nairobi campus.
Furthermore, data was also gathered through interviews with OER experts from North
America, Europe, and Africa. These experts provided vital information on the potential of
OER in enhancing access to teaching, learning and research information resources to
institutions such as the case for this study.
The findings of the study revealed that the concept of OER was not clearly understood by the
respondents and interviewees from the case institution. Respondents confused the concept of
OER with other concepts like e-learning. Nevertheless, they signaled appreciation for access
to open resources. In addition, it was evident that the faculty and students of this institution
had insufficient access to resources. The library was not sufficiently stocked with information
materials and facilities to cater for the growing population of the campus.
The study recommends the adoption of more open educational practices through the creation
of electronic institutional repositories that are open and searchable. Furthermore, the study
suggests greater collaboration and sharing of resources and teaching practices among faculty
within the campus and beyond. To achieve this, both faculty and students require information
literacy skills. Finally, the study recommends that the librarians and information professionals
be more proactive in identifying and bringing awareness to clients about available and relevant
open resources.
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Vera-Baceta, Miguel-Ángel. "Ley de Transparencia: La apertura de datos en entidades externas a la Administración Pública." Thesis, 2014. http://eprints.rclis.org/24742/1/219501-775931-1-PB.pdf.
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The Transparency Act, public access to information and good government is a reality in Spain. While its entry into force, in relation to transparency and access to public information, contemplates a lack of one to two years, the organizations concerned should be prepared to meet its requirements. The purpose of this paper is to present the state of the question regarding the implications of the Transparency Act in information management on organizations outside the Public Administration and proposes an opening data model as a guide for its adaptation and integration.
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Jiang, William. "Internet Training of CUNY Librarians." Thesis, 1998. http://eprints.rclis.org/13713/1/1998_William_Jiang_-_Internet_Training_of_CUNY_Librarians.pdf.
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This paper chronicles Internet learning and usage habits of a sample size of 113 of the total universe of 320 CUNY (City Univeristy of New York) academic librarians as of the fall 1998 semester. The respondents to the survey represent a random sample of the eleven senior colleges, six junior colleges, the graduate center library and the law school library.
The Internet usage and learning habits of CUNY librarians demonstrate the proactive approach that CUNY library management took to the technological training needs of its employees. The survey results show that work-led training consisted mostly of mentoring by colleagues and in-house workshops. Self-directed learning (SDL) was also an important component of the total Internet learning picture for these CUNY librarians.
In the course of this paper's completion it was noted that despite the wide array of technological training methods available that use multimedia and other electronic
mediums, human training, either peer to peer or workshop methods, were the most widely used modality.
The sample of librarians surveyed was a heterogeneous sample in that five decades of librarians were represented; however, it was a group of individual librarians which were united by showing their dedication through service to the CUNY mission of offering access to a quality education regardless of the student's race, religion, or ethnicity.
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Rosas, Hernández Charly Michelle. "El ecosistema de la desinformación en internet: Una radiografía de su estructura." Thesis, 2021. http://eprints.rclis.org/42272/1/El%20ecosistema%20de%20la%20desinformaci%C3%B3n%20en%20internet.pdf.
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Develop an scan of the ecosystem of disinformation on the internet to identify an approach to the actors and mechanisms that influence the spread of this phenomenon, from a library and information studies perspective. Additionally, three specific objectives are proposed: 1) Establish a conceptual framework around the ecosystem of disinformation on the internet; 2) Identify the international legal frameworks that emerged with the phenomenon of disinformation on the internet; 3) Determine the actors, technologies and manifestations of disinformation on the internet.
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Freire, Isadora. "Repositório institucional: um instrumento de divulgação de monografias de conclusão de curso do Departamento de Ciência da Computação." Thesis, 2008. http://eprints.rclis.org/13273/1/ISADORA_FREIRE.pdf.
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This paper consists of a survey of institutional repositories with emphasis on the Institutional Repository Pilot Project for Undergraduation Monographs of the Computer Sciences Department - CIC, University of Brasília. Examines the importance of
monographs and their inclusion in institutional repositories, describing in detail stages of the process based on experience developed in the CIC.
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Fehr, Beat. "Repositories beyond Open Access." Thesis, 2011. http://eprints.rclis.org/16441/1/20120105-Public-BT-Rep-beyond-OA.pdf.
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Open Access Repositories enable free of charge access to scholarly publications. A new conception for the Zurich Open Repsitory and Archive (ZORA) at the University of Zurich is planned. The Open Access Team at Zurich is therefore interested in functionality offered by repository software and the boundaries to other systems in an academic environment. This document illustrates, based on the available literature and example systems, the potential of repository software in two directions. One is the perspective of Current Research Information Systems, the other one the perspective of Virtual Research Environments. It is shown that repository software can fulfill many tasks in both directions. But when it comes to specific requirements, as research evaluation or third party funds, a fully-fledged Current Reasearch Information System has many advantages. In this case only a strategic positioning in the scope of Virtual Research Environments is left for the repository in Zurich.
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Kremsner, Elisabeth. "Der Umgang mit Wissen und Information im Amtsärztlichen Dienst des Burgenlandes : Eine Erhebung des Ist-Zustandes und Empfehlungen zur Verbesserung der aktuellen Situation." Thesis, 2006. http://eprints.rclis.org/8617/1/AC05774929.pdf.
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In the last few years knowledge and information management has become increasingly important in the sector of health services. Written in line with the public health board, this thesis is concerned with identifying the current state of the exposure to knowledge and information, defining a target state and developing a catalogue of measures which could improve the current state. After a review of the literature in the specific area of knowledge management in the health sector and the structure of the whole public health sector, the analysis of the current state was started. The empirical part is based on information which is extracted from qualitative interviews. A total of six public health doctors and two members of department 6 – health, family and sports have been interviewed. The findings of the as-is analysis suggested four main problems, and consequently the target state was defined. In order to achieve the target state seven measures were recommended. These measures were selected according to the criteria of simple and cost-effective implementation. On the basis of the conclusions drawn from this thesis, the concrete results of the project were outlined and the benefits as well as new and open questions for the public health board were explained.
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Yáñez-Arca, Marcos. "Google Académico en su apogeo. ¿Existen disciplinas todavía fuera de su alcance? Estudio de cobertura en el área de Arquitectura." Thesis, 2014. http://eprints.rclis.org/39135/1/TFM_Marcos_Ya%C3%B1ez.pdf.
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Firstly, an analysis is carried out on the methodology used in more than fifty coverage studies of the scientific search engine Google Academic (GA). To this end, a classification of the different approaches is presented and the main problems of application to the scientific search engine are detected. Based on the conclusions obtained, a methodological proposal is elaborated, the result of which is an enriched version of the work of Neuhaus et al. (2006). Subsequently, the state of the question on the extension and depth of the GA index for the different scientific areas is presented. In the second part of the work, an analysis of coverage in the area of Architecture is carried out based on the proposed methodology. For this purpose, the Avery database is used as a reference. As a result, GA was found to have very low - but increasing - coverage rates for the Architecture area in the three periods studied: 19.53% (1950-1989), 30.99% (1990-2009) and 36.03% (2010-2014). Low quality records were also found, as well as a significant coverage imbalance by country. Causes and future trends are discussed.
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Fernández-García, Jesús. "Diseño e implementación de un plan de social media marketing (o marketing 2.0) en la Biblioteca de la Universidad de Cádiz." Thesis, 2011. http://eprints.rclis.org/16456/1/Fernandez-Garcia%20-%202011%20-%20Dise%C3%B1o%20e%20implementaci%C3%B3n%20de%20un%20plan%20de%20Social%20Media%20Marketing%20%28o%20Marketing%202.0%29%20en%20la%20Biblioteca%20de%20la%20Universidad%20de%20C%C3%A1diz.pdf.
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This paper focuses on the design and implementation of a social marketing plan that will enable the Library of the University of Cádiz enter with force to the tendency of Library 2.0, thereby improving utilization levels of services and resources as well as maintain a more fluid and direct communication with our customers so that we can build on that feedback to better understand their needs and improve our services and the perception of the university community about the library, putting it in value as an information center specialized in the fundamental university. So here are united by new services and library resources to the possibilities of new web 2.0 tools available on the Internet, so-called social web, to perform the necessary work of dissemination, communication and marketing of a university library.
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Irenoa, Kenneth Ohis. "Use of Social Media in the Generation and Diffusion of Information during the 2015 General Elections in Nigeria." Thesis, 2017. http://eprints.rclis.org/32701/1/USE%20OF%20SOCIAL%20MEDIA%20IN%20THE%20GENERATION%20AND%20DIFFUSION%20OF%20INFORMATION%20DURING%20THE%202015%20GENERAL%20ELECTIONS%20IN%20NIGERIA.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
Information plays a vital role in every society. It has the potentials to create conflicts situations and peace, if properly and contextually understood and well managed. The ways and channels through which information flows have profound implications if not properly understood. The study sought to understand the role that social media played in the generation and diffusion of information during the 2015 general elections in Nigeria; to achieve this four research questions were raised: What types of information were generated and diffused on social media about the presidential candidates during the 2015 general elections in Nigeria? What types of information were shared on social media about the presidential candidates during the 2015 general elections in Nigeria? How did social media friends make sense of information shared with them about the presidential candidates during the 2015 Nigeria general elections? How do the two constructs of dual process theory (Informational and Normative factors) explain information generation and diffusion on social media during elections? The study which is a qualitative research was premised within the interpretive paradigm, with Deutsch and Gerrard’s Dual Process Theory used as a theoretical framework for the study. The case study approach was used to investigate the phenomena. Nine (9) respondents were purposively sampled for the research and a content analysis of their social media pages was conducted. Inductive approach was employed in analyzing the data realized from the content analyzed pages from the respondents, which yielded two hundred and sixty-two (262) open codes, from which eighteen (18) sub-categories, seven (7) categories, and three (3) major themes were derived. The findings of the study showed that there was a higher use of social media during the 2015 general elections as compared to previous elections and was used to post offensive information about the candidates. Also, the study revealed that most people shared or were most likely to share what they believed to be true which had propaganda and high misinformation. People and friends on social media made sense of information received at face value and in most cases were not as interested in the message posted but where the person making the post was from. The social media was extensively used to propagate hate and divisive sentiments during the 2015 electioneering period in Nigeria. The study concluded that as social media continues to gain immense traction in terms of use in society, steps need to be taken to reduce the unending possibilities for misinformation, propaganda, and rumours which if misconstrued could lead to conflict situations.
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Klausner, Miriam. "Momentaufnahme und Entwicklungspotential von Open Access als alternative Publikationsstruktur an wissenschaftlichen Einrichtungen in Österreich." Thesis, 2005. http://eprints.rclis.org/6548/1/Klausner_2005.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
In the field of scientific publishing, the model of open access can provide accelerated distribution of scientific information without access barriers. The open access movement can be seen as a new publishing system reaching back to the attempt to establish alternatives to the present publishing system. The aim of this thesis is to give an overview of initial open access projects in Austria regarding crucial issues as well as their developments. Case study interviews with open access project managers have been carried out. Furthermore, the collected data was enriched with additional project information and analysed in a further step. Consequently, the retrieved information was compared to each other. Regarding to open access developments worldwide this thesis results in a summary and comparison of open access projects in Austria. It provides recommendations for the introduction of open access and an outlook of further developments.
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Fauat, Ana Matild. "Comunicação organizacional e padrões de comportamento informacional de gestores e analistas de risco de crédito em instituições financeiras governamentais." Thesis, 2007. http://eprints.rclis.org/12283/1/disseerta%C3%A7%C3%A3o_amf.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
This study aimed to identify the relationship between information behaviour of managers and analysts in the credit risk sector and the organizational communication amongst them, within financial institutions from the federal government in Brazil, namely CAIXA Banco do Brasil S/A. Based on the work of Tubbs (2003), Wilson (1981) and Kunsch (2003), the conceptual model built up for the study suggests that variables of information behaviour of the subjects investigated should be taken into account in order to improve the communication process amongst them. Based on the authors studied, the study theoretical framework pointed the way to be followed in terms of methodological procedures. It has also been the base for the discussion of the research data. Qualitative and quantitative approached used, and the consequent triangulation of data through the use of questionnaires and interviews make possible to minimize some of the disadvantages of these research instruments. Driven by each specific objective, the study has allowed describing managers and analyst’s characteristics, the communication process amongst them, their information behaviour patterns and aspects of this behaviour that can be taken into account in the communication process within their organizations. Results show that managers and analysts of credit risks within federal governmental financial institutions in Brazil have higher education studies, mostly in Management, Account and Economics. They also have a good level of professional experience. In terms of the communication process, it should be highlighted that the internal communication is very intense and is essential for carrying out their professional activities. Quanto ao processo de comunicação, destaca-se que a comunicação interna é intensa entre os gestores e analistas de risco de crédito estudados, e essencial para realização das atividades de análise e avaliação de risco de crédito. Results obtained allowed identifying the major elements of the organizational communication process in the institutions studied. Regarding the information behaviour patterns, the study showed that the tasks performed by managers and analysts of credit risks have influence on their information needs, seeking and use. The study took account of the cognitive aspects of the information behaviour, only. The trial of finding a theoretical relationship between information behaviour as an input to communication has been an academic exercise within the context of the Post-Graduate Programme in Information Science at the University of Brasilia. From the results of the present study, it was possible to find out that knowing the information needs of colleagues and the way they seek and use information facilitates the communication with them. Therefore, information seeking and use patterns constitute an important factor for a good communication. It is therefore possible to state that, from the theoretical point of view, the present study added to previous ones that has focused this relationship. This, in turn, meets the approach of theorists like Belkin and Brookes, and positively adds to epistemological issues in Information Science. From the applied side, the study results shall be taking into account in both institutions studied. Its questionnaire has, in fact, been used as a model for services related to the communication process in one of them.
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Stern, Monika. "Klöster als Wissensvermittler im Raum Tirol, die sich seit der Säkularisation durch Joseph II. in ihrer Rolle behaupten." Thesis, 2005. http://eprints.rclis.org/6461/1/stern_kloester.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
The purpose of this thesis is to examine the role of monasteries as mediators of knowledge. The situation nowadays is compared with the time of the regency of Emperor Joseph II. Monasteries needed an area of specialisation in order to survive dissolution at the end of the 18th century. In this thesis, the transfer of those specific qualifications in the area of knowledge management into the 21st century is investigated. Issues concerning science, education, libraries and archives in the three most important male orders in the province of Northern Tyrol are addressed. The hypothesis that monasteries which managed not to be abolished during the regency of Emperor Joseph II still play a vital part in the area of knowledge management in Northern Tyrol is tested. A review of the literature on this topic is undertaken. Furthermore, discursive interviews are conducted with monks in order to investigate the current situation. In conclusion, it was found that monasteries nowadays are just one segment of a huge market in the sector of knowledge management. In order to be successful, they again have to diversify. On the basis of the research conducted, convents in the provinces of Eastern and Southern Tyrol could be analysed as well.
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Rümker, Zoltán. "Die Positionierung einer zweisprachigen Internetzeitung unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der Bedürfnisse der ungarischen Volksgruppe im Burgenland." Thesis, 2002. http://eprints.rclis.org/6776/1/ruemker_internetzeitung.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
The aims of this dissertation were to analyse the media landscape concerning minorities in Burgenland and to find out how a new bilingual internet newspaper for the Hungarian speaking people of this region could be established.
Firstly, the study investigates why such a newspaper is necessary and useful. This bilingual internet newspaper should further the image of the language as well as strengthen the identity of the Hungarian minority. Existing print and electronic media of the Croatian and Hungarian minority were analysed, and experiences with internet newspapers in the East-Austrian and West-Hungarian region are mentioned. Furthermore, subsidies from governmental institutes, furtherance from the European Union, Austrian and Hungarian press promotion possibilities and other private financiers are commented on. Lastly, a number of co-operation partners, such as the Burgenland education network are mentioned. Both quantitative and qualitative methods were used in order to collect ideas and to analyse opinions concerning the content of the internet newspaper. On one hand a survey was carried out, on the other hand a focus group discussion was organised. The majority of important sources dealing with the Hungarian minority in this linguistic island were available at the Hungarian Media- and Information Centre in Unterwart. Further research was done on Austrian and Hungarian internet newspaper sites.
The main finding of the paper was the realisation that a bilingual internet newspaper for the Hungarian minority is definitely necessary. Proposals concerning the newspaper content and the layout have been made. In addition, a number of possible sources of funding and a list of potential cooperation partners are presented. In addition, the bilingual internet newspaper project is ready for kick-off.
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Fresco-Santalla, Ana. "Edición y comunicación científica: evolución y tendencias actuales." Thesis, 2013. http://eprints.rclis.org/24471/1/Scholarly_comm_and_publishing_Evolution_and_Trends_AFresco.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
The development of digital technologies has brought about great transformations on the scientific communication system. The traditional stagnation that has characterized the scholarly publishing process for centuries has now given way to a more dynamic and open system, which does not remain oblivious to the current context. The transformations undergone throughout this process go beyond the digital edition. Such changes, mediated to a greater or lesser extent by the spirit of the Web 2.0 or Social Web, encompass both novel publishing models as well as original methods of peer review and new scientific impact indicators. This study provides a descriptive analysis regarding the recent evolution of the scientific communication system, focusing on the aforementioned aspects. At the same time, a statistical analysis showing the degree of adoption of social technologies by scientific journals and the prevailing tools at article level has also been carried out. The results suggest the existence of differences regarding the publisher typology, while the scientific area and the quartiles are not –a priori and in the absence of a deeper study– decisive elements.
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Fernández, López Antonio Lázaro. "Análisis y diagnóstico de la difusión de la información y documentación estadística de las administraciones públicas en España." Thesis, 2013. http://eprints.rclis.org/23468/1/Trabajo%20inv%20Antonio%20Fernandez%202.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
This work is inserted within the discipline of Information Sciences and Documentation, and more specifically in the field of analysis of official statistical information. The object of study is thus a subset of the information generated and disseminated by government, what is known in this field of knowledge as Public Sector Information.
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Carlos, Lopezosa. "SEO, Periodismo y Comunicación: Conceptos, herramientas y procesos para optimizar la visibilidad web de los medios digitales." Thesis, 2019. http://eprints.rclis.org/42097/1/tclg.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
News diffusion through search engines and other digital platforms offers to the media the opportunity to attain more readers. However, it is necessary to employ technics of the socalled Search Engine Optimization (SEO) in order to have a specific web page appeared on the prominent positions of the search results.
This thesis mainly focuses on the SEO applied to cybermedia. Systematized reviews; case studies; participant observation; and semi-structured interviews were used to develop various analyses and formalize a set of methodological proposals and positioning protocols in cybermedia, that is for Google and YouTube, which are, respectively, the first and the second most frequently used search engines at the moment.
In addition, this research includes, on the one hand, proposals to develop web visibility rankings in online media with SEO audit tools, and on the other hand, an analysis of the perception of the usefulness of SEO from the point of view of a specific cyber medium (Diario de Sevilla) and from the point of view of different professional profiles linked to SEO.
Overall, this research presents a multifaceted edifice consisting of tools, analyses and recommendations on SEO applied to the media in general and to journalism in particular, on the assumption that SEO plays an essential role in helping the finest journalism to fulfil its social mission.
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Stefanek, Elisabeth. "Digital Divide : die Entwicklung eines Ablaufmodells zur Überwindung informationeller Ungleichheit." Thesis, 2007. http://eprints.rclis.org/10669/1/AC06412792.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
In a global context, social disparities are also noticeable in respect to the inequality of access and use of the information and communication technology (ICT). Many initiatives and dedicated projects aiming to close the gap between the “information rich” in the industrialized countries and the “information poor” in the so-called third world countries are implemented. However, most of these projects and programs face enormous difficulties in implementations and are far from reaching their objectives, to improve people’s life through ICT. The aim of the thesis is to determine factors, which lead to positive results of ICT projects and develop accordingly to these criteria a manual for effective and successful transaction of such projects in developing countries.
First, a review of current literature is undertaken in order to identify critical factors for success of such projects. In a second step the identified main criteria of common models are put together in order to analyse four meaningful case studies. Finally, a scheme for a systematic approach for projects of information and technology transfer is developed. The results confirm the importance of human and social resources for the success of such projects. Furthermore, for the effective use of ICT it is essential that there is a need assessment beforehand to identify and meet the needs of the target group. Finally, it was shown that financial independence is crucial to the sustainability of the projects.
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Borges, Claudia de Oliveira. "A importância dos periódicos de acesso aberto para o desenvolvimento da ciência e tecnologia do país." Thesis, 2010. http://eprints.rclis.org/14653/1/CLAUDIA_DE_OLIVEIRA_BORGES-E-LIS.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
This is about the importance of open access journals to the advancement of science and technology in this country. It presents definition, purpose and evolution of Brazilian scientific journals. It demonstrates through literature review how investments applied in human resources and research (input) and in scientific journals (output) over the years were important for the strengthening of Brazilian scientific journals. It shows the evolution of Brazilian scientific journal in the international arena by means of quantitative data collected in the Qualis system and citation indexes of ISI in a sample of 31 journals. It displays the increased number of Brazilian scientific journals indexed in the ISI and the gradual evolution of the impact factor. It discusses the need to publish the results of research in open access journals as a way to speed the process of disseminating information, increasing the visibility of scientific production and return on public investment for society.
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Chiroque-Solano, Richard. "Análisis bibliométrico en la revista de Gastroenterología Peruana durante los años 1995 al 2005." Thesis, 2009. http://eprints.rclis.org/31737/1/Chiroque-Solano_Analisis%20bibliometrico%20de%20la%20Revista%20de%20Gastroenterologia%20Peruana.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
The study of scientific production in academic journals allows us get to know the behavior patterns from the production and the use of information from researchers, in this particular case of the Revista de Gastroenterología Peruana in the period from 1995 to 2005.
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Marconi, Claudio. "Open Access e archivi aperti: nuove modalità di diffusione della letteratura scientifica." Thesis, 2008. http://eprints.rclis.org/12839/1/tesi.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
Knowledge as primary good of modern society is a topic widely discussed, so that the latter is often defined in terms of the first as "information society". But what about its particular form which much of today well-being depends on: scientific knowledge?
Scholar needs to publish. Academic careers depend on publishing and without scientific pubblications it would not be possible for those who decide to undertake research, build anything: "we are like dwarfs on the shoulders of giants".
Scholar, however, soon learns that the traditional scientific publications, except for the text adopted as manuals, are by no means profitable. Equally, the resulting texts are not public but private. In the hands of the publishers they become subject to restrictive policies aimed at maximizing profit, not at dissemination, as any scholar would like. Libraries are forced to buy back for their users something their colleagues have produced without any expectation, except the broader circulation. A third party, the publisher, becomes the filter and a real obstacle to dissemination of scientific knowledge.
The argument presented here is based on this paradox, in the belief that speech technology and markets affect the word itself, suggesting a review of recent developments which have affected the scientific communication system and discussing the movement for Open Access to scientific literature, whose goal is precisely the reconciliation between the cultural practices of scholars and the economy these practices are based on.
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Putz, Michaela. "Wandel der Informationsvermittlung in wissenschaftlichen Bibliotheken : Möglichkeiten neuer Produkte und Dienstleistungen." Thesis, 2002. http://eprints.rclis.org/6413/1/Diplomarbeit_Michaela_Putz.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
Most Libraries nowadays offer their catalogues or databases online, but do not adapt their reference services to the new environment. The purpose of this masters' thesis is to analyse what has changed in the field of reference work and to describe how new products and services can help librarians in responding to this development. Firstly, changes in reference work due to the increased use of the Internet and electronic media are examined. The main points discussed are increased end-user searching, accompanied by changes in the way students do their research, electronic publishing, digitisation and the impact all these factors have on reference work. This is followed by an analysis of new products and services (virtual reference, personalised and convenience services, user education in information literacy, hybrid library concept). Finally, some strategies for improving the web presence of reference on the website of the Austrian National Library are developed. The main findings were that libraries need to be proactive and aware of the fact that there is a segmented user group with different needs. The main focus should be to provide users with a seamless access to all the information resources of a library.
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Canata, Fatih. "Ulusal Bilgi Politikaları ve Bilgi Merkezleri." Thesis, 2012. http://eprints.rclis.org/30118/1/328560.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
After the World War II, advanced countries have undergone informationoriented formations that would affect all areas of social life. Information has not only become the basic element of production, it also has been the efficient factor in shaping the national politics and “information” based social structures. On account of this fact, the demand for information has risen and consequently information centers have turned into centers of attraction. As Turkey do not have any information policy that would regulate the national information systems and services, information centers, libraries, archives and in general the nation have been negatively effected. The existence of a national information policy would not only contribute to the socioeconomic development of the Turkish Republic, it would also aid the Republic to carry out its vision of information society.
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Bayón-Sánchez, Javier. "Las Bibliotecas Municipales de León: Propuesta de creación de un repositorio institucional digital." Thesis, 2022. http://eprints.rclis.org/43579/1/Javier_Bay%C3%B3n_S%C3%A1nchez_TFM.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
Municipal Libraries of León: A proposal to create a digital institutional repository.
In this thesis we mention the role of libraries in the new framework of digital information and communication, seen as an adaptation to a new society that has arisen from the intensive use of ICT and that has left behind the days of card catalogues and book loans which were noted down with a pen. After that, we will see how libraries have evolved as a result of the huge amount of information generated by a world overloaded with data and news, the enormous flow of information and the included data that circulate through the net at a dizzying and difficult to control pace, and which has made that, for years, the need to collect all that information, select it, filter it and guard it has arisen, so that, where appropriate, we can use it to be able to make decisions that will help us to carry out our daily work. From this need arises the idea of creating a digital institutional repository to safeguard all that huge amount of information, so that it can be recovered for consultation whenever it is needed.
This master’s dissertation examines the way forward to achieve this goal, which is, through innovation, to provide services that meet the needs of as wide a target population as possible. This dissertation ends with the steps that have to be taken, both technically and theoretically, to make the creation of the repository viable.
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Almeida, Robson. "Disseminação de conteúdos na Web: a tecnologia RSS como proposta para a comunicação científica." Thesis, 2008. http://eprints.rclis.org/11856/1/disserta%C3%A7%C3%A3o_final_rss.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
The effect of the information overload verified after the advent of the Web, in the 90s, has
become a concern for researchers as to the capability of the users in the process of
acquisition and utilization of relevant and useful contents. Scientific communication, in its
informal as well as in its formal aspect, represented mainly by scientific periodicals, faces the
same problem, since it also suffers with the influence of the advancements caused by the
information and communication technologies. Distinctively, a growth in the scientific
electronic periodical headings is verified, as a consequence of the agility in the electronic
publication process, what leads to the increase of the bibliographical production. This way,
the use of filters is becoming more and more required, what allows a selective dissemination
of contents for specialized users, according to their real needs. Inserted in this context, the
present research focusses on the study of the potential of an emergent technology: the RSS
(Rich Site Summary, RDF Site Summary or even Really Simple Syndication), intended to the
aggregation and distribution of digital contents. As an inquisitive study, the main objective
was to perceive the possible applications of this resource in the scope of scientific
communication, especially as to the aspect of dissemination. Additionally, a comment about
the advantages and barriers of the technology is made, as well as the ways by which formats
RSS have been employed in the academic field. Besides the analysis of pertinent literature,
a study of informational behavior of a group of Information Science researchers involved with
the process of scientific communication in order to test the viability of the proposal
technology. Complementing the research, the creation of a prototype of an aggregation of
thematic contents service is described as to illustrate the functionalities of the technology.
The obtained results indicate a fertile and propitious field for implantation of the RSS in the
studied context, suggesting an increase of the visibility of scientific information, besides the
integration with other technological resources, such as databases, digital libraries and
repositories.
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Rodríguez-Yunta, Luis. "Ciencia y Documentación en español en el espacio virtual iberoamericano : Rol de las revistas científicas y desarrollo de nuevos productos electrónicos de información bibliográfica." Thesis, 2010. http://eprints.rclis.org/15402/1/Tesis_LuisRodriguezYunta.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
The thesis analyzes the role taken by both scientific journals and bibliographic information products, in the new relations between Spain and Latin American. The combination of technological development with the promotion of cultural and scientific relations in the Iberoamerican Community of Nations, form a virtual space, which defines the framework of the study. The research methodology is based on both quantitative and qualitative techniques. Despite the growing importance of scientific and academic relations, there is considerable room for improvement to seek greater inter-Iberoamerican scientific community. Internet facilitates scientific cooperation and online higher education in their own language. The publication of scientific journals is a communication channel which can be enhanced scientific exchange further by the international contribution of Hispanic, Iberian and Latin American Studies. Documentary resources focused on the national and regional scientific publications, make a wide range of products. Iberoamerican coverage, encompassing the sources of Spain, Portugal and Latin America, is emerging in the design of new sources of scientific documentation, enhanced by the facilities for dissemination via Internet. In the production of different resources from literature in Spanish language, the thesis highlights the work of the UNAM in Mexico (especially CLASE and PERIODICA databases) and the CSIC in Spain (ISOC, ICYT and IME databases). It also analyzes the system Latindex, Virtual Health Library, SciELO, Redalyc and Dialnet. These products are compared, concluding that the major databases are complementary and therefore there are possibilities for cooperation. Scientific information systems are essential to build the target of a Iberoamerican Area of Knowledge.
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Fernández-Ramos, Andrés. "Subject gateways: herramientas para el filtrado de contenidos en la world wide web. Propuesta metodológica para su evaluación." Thesis, 2013. http://eprints.rclis.org/24011/1/tesisdoctoral.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
Internet has dramatically changed the ways of communication and access to information. The large amount of information available on the web and the lack of filters for publication imply that people face great difficulties in accessing to high quality information. Deficiencies of Internet search engines and the lack of information literacy bring more restrictions to achieve an efficient access to valuable web resources. To address these problems and provide their users with high quality web resources, libraries have designed and implemented different solutions. Subject gateways are probably the more effective of them because they use all the library background to identify, select, catalog, classify and disseminate internet resources.
The objective of this research is to carry out an assessment of the quality of subject gateways in the last years in order to detect their strengths and weaknesses, observe their evolution, and identify best practices. For this purpose, we design a specific tool for assessing the quality of subject gateways, which includes 30 items divided in three main categories: access to information, management and value-added elements. The tool was applied to a sample of 30 subject gateways in 2007 and 2012.
We find substantial differences across the subjects gateways under analysis and that their average quality is quite good in the two first categories but not in the last one. Regarding the temporal evolution, we only observe improvements on valued added services, but they are no significant.
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Fuentes, González Irene. "Un museo de ciencia accesible a la sociedad. Contribución e impacto." Thesis, 2022. http://eprints.rclis.org/43534/1/TFG_FuentesGonzalez_Irene.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
Knowledge is the object of investigation and discussion; Citizens use it critically, transforming it into tools that allow them to improve their lives individually and collectively. The social and hierarchical differences that historically determined access to formative capital have blurred in the last century, and a wide variety of forms of culture are increasingly consumed, regardless of social, economic or cultural level. Among the cultural centers most visited by the citizens we find the museums. These knowledge centers work so that their communicative purpose is in tune with the content they offer and try to respond to the expectations and needs of visitors. The analysis of whether the answers they offer are adjusted to the demands of their visitors is the object of this work. It is a meeting that brings together disciplines such as information sciences, social sciences and museology, and which has made it possible to obtain an approach to the motivations and demands that some of the visitors to the Museu de les Ciències de Valencia have when they visit a museum.
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Cruz, Rodriguez Jorge J. "Herramientas de la Web 2.0 aplicadas a la Biblioteca Virtual UCV Caso: Facebook." Thesis, 2011. http://eprints.rclis.org/23921/1/tesis.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
We analyze the study of Web 2.0 tools in the specific case of the social network Facebook Virtual Library applied to UCV. The study was carried out in three phases: 1) Obtaining information on the early evolution of the Internet and the same; 2) Use of social networks and applications found for libraries; and 3) Analysis of the statistics that reflect the using this social network and x visibility has contributed to the Virtual Library UCV. To the Virtual Library of the Universidad Central de Venezuela has been a great support communication using social networks, especially Facebook, as it has been
shown to increase the visibility of the Library.
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Koltzenburg, Claudia. "Nicht-propositionales Wissen aus Literaturlektüre und Bedingungen seiner Darstellbarkeit in Wikipedia-Einträgen zu literarischen Werken." Thesis, 2015. http://eprints.rclis.org/25717/1/Koltzenburg_2015_Nicht-propositionales-Wissen_Literarische-Werke_Wikipedia_arxiv.1509.04206v1.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
Given that Wikipedia entries are likely to extert a strong influence on how literary texts are perceived - due to their preferential ranking in Google - there is some demand that research dealing with the transfer of knowledge on literature to the public be more concerned with looking into both the content that is available for free on the Web and any aspect that may come with writing about literature for free. This contribution argues from within Wikipedia's multidisciplinary consensus-driven space in which propositional knowledge is given priority that it would be essential for entries on fiction to present non-propositional knowledge as being one of its hallmarks. For this aim, a special concept is developed that is designed to function as the study's formal object: "Erlesnis" (which in German is a pun that combines "Erlebnis" - adventure experience - and "lesen" - reading). It is defined as non-propositional knowledge that has been acquired in an individual reading process. Writing about one's own Erlesnis in new ways is being tried out in four essays, and on de.wikipedia.org an experiment is conducted to find out what community members think about the idea of including, in entries on fiction, sections specifically designed to report about what people felt like when reading a certain text. Finally, a draft typology of Erlesnis-writing is suggested. This contribution is the first of its kind internationally to deal with Wikipedia from the point of view of transfer of knowledge on literature to the public. For the theory of this field of research some new aspects are offered for debate.
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González-Solar, Llarina. "La biblioteca universitaria orientada a la investigación: propuesta de un modelo de servicio centrado en el usuario desde la perspectiva del marketing." Thesis, 2016. http://eprints.rclis.org/30313/1/GonzalezSolar_Llarina_TD_2016.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
Academic library oriented to research: proposal for a user centered service model from the marketing perspective. This work has as goal the study and evaluation of University libraries role in the accomplishment of the University mission towards its research activity. For this purpose, the research function and its incidence in the competitive evaluation systems are analyzed, spotlighting the rankings. The paradigm change in the management of the University Libraries, where the performance is more focused in the support services for research, is highlighted. This University services are characterized, placing the study in the context of the Universities global strategy for research. Two main groups of Spanish Universities are looked into from a strategic and operative standpoint. Researcher are examined as the corner stone of this research support services both from an informative perspective, including an study on the digital identity management, and their link with the library as well as librarians role in this context. Moreover, this work develops a practical chapter studying the real situation in A Coruña University, its services, its library and the defining traits of their researchers. A methodical proposal is developed based on marketing foundations, being applicable to other librarian contexts, in which is emphasized in the need of an holistic view of the services for research and the philosophy and the technique from marketing are applied from a strategic and operative standpoint.
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Muela-Meza, Zapopan Martín. "Community Profiling to Analyse Community Information Needs, and Providers: Perceptions from the People of the Broomhall Neighbourhood, from Sheffield, UK." Thesis, 2010. http://eprints.rclis.org/14659/1/2005.Muela-Meza.ZM.Official.PhD.research.proposal.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
Research question: This study sought to investigate the community information needs of, and information provision available to, the residents of the Broomhall neighbourhood of Sheffield (UK), as perceived by them.
Objectives: The research objectives were: 1) To identify the community information needs of the residents of the Broomhall neighbourhood; 2) To establish to what extent information providers satisfy the community information needs of the residents of the Broomhall neighbourhood; 3) To explore the effectiveness of the community profiling tool to analyse community information needs and provision; and 4) To understand the possible implications of this study for policy makers.
Research design: The theoretical framework was based around the following concepts: a) the materialist conception of history, b) the social class struggles concept, and c) the concept of configuration as an open structure of theory. The methodologies used were qualitative research and interpretivism. Data were generated using snowball or chain sampling within a purposeful sampling approach and through triangulation of a) semi-structured interviews (individual and group-focused); b) non-participant observation and c) document analysis methods, themselves entailing the triangulation of literal, and interpretative data analysis.
Findings: The major findings relating to community information needs were related to the following issues: 1) territoriality and uses of the land (e.g. housing for poor and working classes; expansion of Sheffield and Hallam universities in the form of university student villages); 2) poverty, social and economical inequalities (e.g. unemployment, debt, and crime); 3) health (e.g. drug addiction, lack of: green public open space, playgrounds, and sports and leisure facilities); 4) politics (e.g. inadequate allocation of funding for community projects); 5) culture (e.g. multicultural, ethnic, religious, and national issues; tribalism of BMEs); 6) communication (e.g. people socially excluded due to lack of English classes). The findings also related to the following features: 7) transport (e.g. transport for the elderly); and 8) education (e.g. nurseries, and socially inclusive primary schools. Territoriality related to all the other 7 issues and features in negative ways.
Conclusions and recommendations: For Broomhall residents it was recommended that they should change their neighbourhood name to Holberry Gardens and create a strategic alliance to save their neighbourhood from being taken over by developers; they also need to distance themselves from Broomhall and The Park, and to resist anti-working class policies from the European Union, central, regional, and local government and private/voluntary sectors. For the LIS community a community profiling tool has been found to be effective as long as it is used within the contexts of qualitative research and territoriality. Policy makers should abandon their privatisation policies relating to the provision of social services (e.g. information, help and advice) which have worsened the quality of life of the poor classes, and have fostered poverty and crime. The need for the creation of a new and free-of-charge health and sports facility that includes a library was also recommended.