Academic literature on the topic 'Benyviridae'

Based on analyses of recent open-source data, this paper describes novel horizons in the diversity and taxonomy of beny-like viruses infecting hosts of the plant kingdom (Plantae or Archaeplastida). First, our data expand the known host range of the family Benyviridae to include red algae. Second, our phylogenetic analysis suggests that the evolution of this virus family may have involved cross-kingdom host change events and gene recombination/exchanges between distant taxa. Third, the identification of gene blocks encoding known movement proteins in beny-like RNA viruses infecting non-vascular plants confirms other evidence that plant virus genomic RNAs may have acquired movement proteins simultaneously or even prior to the evolutionary emergence of the plant vascular system. Fourth, novel data on plant virus diversity highlight that molecular evolution gave rise to numerous provisional species of land-plant-infecting viruses, which encode no known potential movement genetic systems.

ABSTRACTMycoviruses can have a marked effect on natural fungal communities and influence plant health and productivity. However, a comprehensive picture of mycoviral diversity is still lacking. To characterize the viromes of five widely dispersed plant-pathogenic fungi,Colletotrichum truncatum,Macrophomina phaseolina,Diaporthe longicolla,Rhizoctonia solani, andSclerotinia sclerotiorum, a high-throughput sequencing-based metatranscriptomic approach was used to detect viral sequences. Total RNA and double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) from mycelia and RNA from samples enriched for virus particles were sequenced. Sequence data were assembledde novo, and contigs with predicted amino acid sequence similarities to viruses in the nonredundant protein database were selected. The analysis identified 72 partial or complete genome segments representing 66 previously undescribed mycoviruses. Using primers specific for each viral contig, at least one fungal isolate was identified that contained each virus. The novel mycoviruses showed affinity with 15 distinct lineages:Barnaviridae,Benyviridae,Chrysoviridae,Endornaviridae,Fusariviridae,Hypoviridae,Mononegavirales,Narnaviridae,Ophioviridae,Ourmiavirus,Partitiviridae,Tombusviridae,Totiviridae,Tymoviridae, andVirgaviridae. More than half of the viral sequences were predicted to be members of theMitovirusgenus in the familyNarnaviridae, which replicate within mitochondria. Five viral sequences showed strong affinity with three families (Benyviridae,Ophioviridae, andVirgaviridae) that previously contained no mycovirus species. The genomic information provides insight into the diversity and taxonomy of mycoviruses and coevolution of mycoviruses and their fungal hosts.IMPORTANCEPlant-pathogenic fungi reduce crop yields, which affects food security worldwide. Plant host resistance is considered a sustainable disease management option but may often be incomplete or lacking for some crops to certain fungal pathogens or strains. In addition, the rising issues of fungicide resistance demand alternative strategies to reduce the negative impacts of fungal pathogens. Those fungus-infecting viruses (mycoviruses) that attenuate fungal virulence may be welcome additions for mitigation of plant diseases. By high-throughput sequencing of the RNAs from 275 isolates of five fungal plant pathogens, 66 previously undescribed mycoviruses were identified. In addition to identifying new potential biological control agents, these results expand the grand view of the diversity of mycoviruses and provide possible insights into the importance of intracellular and extracellular transmission in fungus-virus coevolution.

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Rice stripe necrosis virus. Benyviridae: Benyvirus. Hosts: rice (Oryza sativa). Information is given on the geographical distribution in Africa (Benin, Burkina Faso, Cote d'Ivoire, Liberia, Nigeria, Sierra Leone), Central America & Caribbean (Panama), South America (Brazil, Rio Grande do sul, Colombia, Ecuador).

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Beet necrotic yellow vein virus. Benyviridae: Benyvirus. Hosts: cultivars of Beta vulgaris and spinach (Spinacia oleracea). Information is given on the geographical distribution in Europe (Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech Republic, Denmark, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Italy, Lithuania, Netherlands, Poland, Romania, Russia, Central Russia, Serbia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, UK, England and Wales, Ukraine), Asia (China, Gansu, Heilongjiang, Nei Menggu, Ningxia, Xinjiang, Iran, Japan, Hokkaido, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Lebanon, Mongolia, Pakistan, Syria, Turkey), Africa (Egypt, Morocco, South Africa), North America (USA, California, Colorado, Idaho, Michigan, Minnesota, Montana, Nebraska, New Mexico, North Dakota, Oregon, Texas, Washington, Wyoming), South America (Brazil, Sao Paulo).

AbstractThe order Hepelivirales comprises RNA viruses of four families (Alphatetraviridae, Benyviridae, Hepeviridae, and Matonaviridae). Sequencing of virus genomes from water samples from the Havel River and the Teltow Canal (Teltowkanal) in Berlin, Germany, revealed 25 almost complete and 68 partial genomes of viruses presumably belonging to the order Hepelivirales. Only one of these viruses exhibited a relationship to a known member of this order. The members of one virus clade have a polymerase with a permuted order of the conserved palm subdomain motifs resembling the polymerases of permutotetraviruses and birnaviruses. Overall, our study further demonstrates the diversity of hepeliviruses and indicates the enzootic prevalence of hepeliviruses in unknown hosts.

Pour préserver l’intégrité de leur génome, les virus multipartite à ARN nécessitent une forte multiplicité d’infection qui représente un coût biologique inapproprié en terme de réplication virale. Dans cette étude, un réseau d’interaction entre ARN génomiques (ARNg), constitué d’au moins un type de chaque ARNg est proposé. Un tel réseau permet de réduire les coûts biologiques liés à la réplication en assurant une reconnaissance intermoléculaire et une mobilisation d’un complexe RNP modulaire maintenant l’intégrité du génome. Un tel complexe est considéré comme l’unité infectieuse mobile assurant la dissémination du virus dans la plante entière. Le but de cette thèse a été de démontrer l’existence d’interactions entre les ARNg du beet necrotic yellow vein virus (BNYVV) et de déterminer l’incidence de ces interactions sur le cycle viral. Une formule génomique a été déterminée pour différentes plantes et tissus. Les ARNg ont tous été co-détectés dans des cellules isolées issues de tissus infectés. Un domaine d’interaction entre l’ARN1 et 2 a été identifié in vitro et in silico puis évaluée in vivo par des approches de mutagenèse et de complémentation
Multipartite RNA virus condition to provide a complete set of genomic segments in each infected cell implies a high level of MOI that results in an unsustainable biological cost in terms of viral replication. In the proposed model, to minimize the cost of the genome integrity preservation, a network of RNA/RNA interactions determines the recognition and the mobilization of at least one of each genomic RNAs in a modular RNP complex. Such complex must be considered as the mobile infectious unit of the segmented genome during viral spread in the plant. The Aim of this thesis was to experimentally determine the existence of RNA/RNA interactions between BNYVV RNAs and their implication in the viral cycle. BNYVV genomic segments have been co-detected within isolated single cells from systemic tissues where they accumulate to reach set point genome formulas. In the model where vRNAs interact each other to form the minimal mobile infective unit, RNA1 and RNA2 interaction domain has been identified in silico and in vitro. The rationale of such an interaction has been provided in vivo using BNYVV and Beet soil-borne mosaic virus chimeras