Journal articles on the topic 'Beneficial outcomes approach'
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yeung, Shirley M. C. "Do research supervisors generate beneficial learning outcomes for learners?" TQM Journal 29, no. 1 (January 9, 2017): 2–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/tqm-08-2012-0064.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore the learning outcomes of students and the importance of research supervisors in writing research. Design/methodology/approach A questionnaire covering three dimensions: (A) skill set, (B) course arrangement, and (C) supervisor guidance was distributed to research students in Hong Kong and Chengdu, China, to examine their perceptions of a research module. Findings The regression results presented in this paper suggest that clear expectations of the course and the communication skills of supervisors or peers can explain around 20-30 percent of the change in the dependent variables of “awareness of using strategies to learn effectively,” “building self-confidence” and “quality of interaction.” With regard to the learning outcomes of students, the skills of using various resources, writing literature reviews and communication skills were perceived as being very important. For research supervisors, the quality of interaction, research experience and being approachable were all identified as being important. Practical implications The management of higher educational institutes could consider these findings when designing research curricula and selecting research supervisors so as to enhance learning outcomes. Originality/value The paper details learning outcomes from supervisors of writing research, which is important for the educational sector and the business world.
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Donaldson, Colin, Jorge Villagrasa, and Felipe Sánchez. "Learner profile mapping: Stimulating autonomous motivation in entrepreneurship education." Industry and Higher Education 35, no. 4 (April 27, 2021): 384–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/09504222211012322.
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Entrepreneurship education represents a popular area of contemporary study. Nonetheless, topical interest is heavily biased towards final outcomes, such as entrepreneurial intentions or ending motives to become an entrepreneur. In this regard, further development is needed to unearth the pedagogical processes that allow these perceived beneficial outcomes to emerge. The aim of this paper is to approach a commonly studied outcome variable – student motivation – from a novel perspective. An attempt is made towards its reframing as a processual construct that energises and directs effective engagement in learning itself. Contributing to the sharing of innovative pedagogical best practice and the linking of outcomes to methods of teaching, a way through which students’ motivation can be ignited and sustained is exposed. Specifically, an original approach towards increasing student autonomy is put forward and critiqued.
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Banerjee, Jayant Kumar, Ramanathan Saranga Bharathi, and Pankaj Purushotam Rao. "Buttressing hepaticojejunostomy's with hepatic round ligament flap may be beneficial." Polish Journal of Surgery 89, no. 4 (August 31, 2017): 5–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0010.3901.
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Background: Bile leaks and anastomotic strictures are important complications of hepaticojejunostomy (HJ). Evidence suggests that the use of hepatic round ligament (HRL) to buttress HJ may be beneficial. This study evaluates the feasibility of this approach. Methods: HJs performed over 2 years (Jun 2014- May 2016), with HRL reinforcement, were analyzed. Operative outcomes measured included technical difficulty, blood loss, time necessary for flap harvest, and reinforcement of HJ. The postoperative outcomes measured were the presence of bile leak and anastomotic stricture. Results: Forty-one patients (27 M: 14 F), aged 2-79 years, median age of61 years, underwent HJ with HRL buttress; 27 for periampullary/ head of the pancreas carcinoma; 4 for choledochal cysts; 4 for chronic pancreatitis; 3 for gallbladder carcinoma; 3 for benign biliary stricture. The time for harvesting HRL flaps and buttressing HJ was <10 minutes. No blood was lost during harvesting the flaps. One patient (2.5 %) had grade A leak following radical cholecystectomy, and structures were not observed during a median follow-up of 18 months (6 months to 2years). Conclusion: HRL-based buttressing of HJ can reduce the bile leak and/or stricture rate.
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Ahmad, Hafsa, Abhishek Arya, Satish Agrawal, Sheeba Saji Samuel, Sandeep Kumar Singh, Guru Raghavendra Valicherla, Neelam Sangwan, et al. "Phospholipid complexation of NMITLI118RT+: way to a prudent therapeutic approach for beneficial outcomes in ischemic stroke in rats." Drug Delivery 23, no. 9 (August 12, 2016): 3606–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10717544.2016.1212950.
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Gerull, William D., Daniel Cho, Iris Kuo, Saeed Arefanian, Bradley S. Kushner, and Michael M. Awad. "Robotic Approach to Paraesophageal Hernia Repair Results in Low Long-Term Recurrence Rate and Beneficial Patient-Centered Outcomes." Journal of the American College of Surgeons 231, no. 5 (November 2020): 520–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2020.07.754.
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Kahjoogh, Mina Ahmadi, Dorothy Kessler, Hamid Reza Khankeh, Nazila Akbarfahimi, Seyed Ali Hosseini, Fatemeh Sanei, and Naser Havaei. "Occupational performance coaching: goal barriers and beneficial facilitators." International Journal of Therapy and Rehabilitation 27, no. 3 (March 2, 2020): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/ijtr.2018.0092.
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Background/aims Occupational performance coaching is a family-centred approach that helps mothers who have children with occupational performance challenges. This study sought to identify the barriers and facilitators to goal achievement and engagement with occupational performance coaching based on the experiences of mothers of children with cerebral palsy who were receiving occupational performance coaching. Methods This qualitative study was embedded within a randomised control trial. Twelve mothers of children with cerebral palsy who had received occupational performance coaching were interviewed using a semi-structured interview technique. Their responses were analysed using inductive content analysis. Results The most important barriers to goal achievement and engagement with coaching were societal, family-related and mother-related factors. The facilitators were new resources, family cohesion, mother-related factors and child-related factors. Conclusions Different factors can affect the outcomes of occupational performance coaching based on the viewpoint of mothers of children with cerebral palsy. Occupational therapists should consider societal, family and individual factors when using this intervention with clients.
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Rast, Katrina A., Daniel J. Herman, Tony G. Rousmaniere, Jason L. Whipple, and Joshua K. Swift. "Perceived Impact on Client Outcomes." SAGE Open 7, no. 1 (January 2017): 215824401769872. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2158244017698729.
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Clinical supervision is considered to be an essential component of psychotherapy training. However, research on supervisors’ ability to affect client outcome has been mixed. This investigation aims to answer two questions: (a) What is the perceived impact of supervision on client outcome, and (b) how important is it to supervisors and supervisees that supervision affects client outcome? A mixed-methods approach was used to examine the perspectives of both supervisors and supervisees. The survey consisted of survey questions and one open-ended qualitative question. Findings suggest that both supervisors and supervisees perceive supervision as beneficial and important for impacting client outcome. Supervisees perceive supervision as more important in impacting outcome than supervisors. Existing literature suggests that supervision may not have as significant an impact on client outcome as previously believed; however, supervisors and supervisees perceive the supervision process as essential for psychotherapy training. Implications and future directions are discussed.
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Michalakis, Konstantinos G. "Endocrine approach in the treatment of obesity: Is there any space for the adiponectin action?" Endocrine Regulations 54, no. 3 (July 1, 2020): 157–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/enr-2020-0018.
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AbstractAdiponectin is a hormone secreted by adipose tissue, exerting many positive effects in the human body. Its action has been widely studied, placing it into the metabolic health beneficial products of the adipose tissue. Nevertheless, adiponectin has been shown to exert some extra beneficial non metabolic actions, as well. Adiponectin levels can be related to reduced incidence of cancer in obese patients. Moreover, adiponectin has been shown to be implicated in the positive fertility outcomes of women. Some new studies have also indicated that adiponectin has a potential effect in the control of appetite, which raises a question, whether adiponectin could be accredited to be useful in the endocrine evaluation of obesity. Could these additional non-metabolic actions prove its helpfulness?
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Martone, Anna Maria, Emanuele Marzetti, Riccardo Calvani, Anna Picca, Matteo Tosato, Luca Santoro, Angela Di Giorgio, et al. "Exercise and Protein Intake: A Synergistic Approach against Sarcopenia." BioMed Research International 2017 (2017): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/2672435.
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Sarcopenia, the age-dependent loss of muscle mass and function/strength, is increasingly recognized as a major risk factor for adverse outcomes in frail older people. As such, the skeletal muscle is a relevant target for interventions aimed at preventing or postponing the occurrence of negative health-related events in late life. The association among physical inactivity, insufficient intake of energy and protein, and poor muscle health in older adults suggests that physical exercise and targeted nutritional supplementation may offer substantial therapeutic gain against sarcopenia and its negative correlates. This view is supported by observational studies as well as by small-scale clinical trials. In this review, we summarize the available evidence on the beneficial effects of behavioral interventions on sarcopenia. We also briefly describe how the knowledge gathered so far has been used to design the “Sarcopenia and Physical fRailty IN older people: multicomponenT Treatment strategies” (SPRINTT) project. The randomized clinical trial conducted within SPRINTT will provide robust evidence on the effectiveness of exercise and nutrition at preventing negative outcomes associated with sarcopenia and physical frailty.
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Kowalska, Joanna, Radoslaw Grabowski, Justyna Pigonska, and Marcin Domzalski. "Management of an iatrogenic injury to the tibial nerve in a 24-year-old hurdle runner." Journal of International Medical Research 46, no. 8 (July 12, 2018): 3394–403. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0300060518776061.
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According to previously published papers, neurovascular injuries seem to be the most unfortunate complications after surgical procedures. In this report, we present our therapeutic approach to iatrogenic injury of the posterior tibial nerve that occurred during ankle arthroscopy in a 24-year-old patient. The outcome of the therapy was a full sensory return and partial motor return (S4 and M3 according to the Medical Research Council Grading System for Nerve Recovery). Our patient was able to resume her typical training. In comparison with available reports, our therapeutic approach enabled earlier functional recovery after nerve injury. While sensory return is beneficial, motor improvement is also important. However, we are conscious of the poor functional outcomes reported by other researchers.
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Plant, Roel, Spike Boydell, Jason Prior, Joanne Chong, and Aleta Lederwasch. "From liability to opportunity: An institutional approach towards value-based land remediation." Environment and Planning C: Politics and Space 35, no. 2 (July 26, 2016): 197–220. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0263774x16646772.
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The remediation of contaminated sites impacts on stakeholders in potentially beneficial ways, yet stakeholder dialogue has historically been focussed on costs, risk, liability, stigma, and other negatives. Shedding light on stakeholders’ remediation values can help reform remediation policy towards more positive outcomes of site clean-up. We adopt institutional theory to elicit plural motivations and cognitive assumptions as embedded in stakeholders’ expressions of remediation values, objectives, and outcomes. We explore in four case studies with varying size, complexity, cultural diversity, and geographical location (three in Australia, one in Fiji) how remediation values operate within remediation decisions. Our findings suggest that more than economic costs, liability, and risks are at play in decision-making on contaminated land. Our research confirmed that different socio-ethical, environmental and sustainability values are evaluated differently by different types of actors (site owners, regulators, auditors, residents, local government, consultants). We found that remediation values often shift in the course of a remediation decision-making process, suggesting learning and improved understanding. Remediation policy that better facilitates and aligns stakeholders’ articulations of initial and emergent outcomes sought from site clean-up is likely to enhance both economic and social value outcomes of remediation. Further research is needed on how remediation policy could better incorporate remediation value dynamics in stakeholder consultation and engagement.
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Poulin, Laura I. L., and Mark W. Skinner. "Leveraging a contextually sensitive approach to rural geriatric interprofessional education." Healthcare Management Forum 33, no. 2 (October 9, 2019): 70–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0840470419879456.
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Interprofessional Education (IPE) has been recognized on an international and national level as an effective method of preparing health professionals for practice while also improving health system outcomes. In particular, recent research highlights that geriatric IPE initiatives can be mutually beneficial both to learners and older adults in rural communities. Despite this trend, IPE initiatives continue to produce mixed results. Although some scholars have acknowledged that IPE initiatives need to consider the complexity of healthcare contexts, there is a dearth of research that considers the diversity of rural communities or rural older adult health. This paper proposes that leveraging contextually sensitive rural gerontological health research marks a next step in IPE development.
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Cliggett, Lisa, and Deborah L. Crooks. "Promoting Multi-methods Research: Linking Anthropometric Methods to Migration Studies." Migration Letters 4, no. 2 (October 1, 2007): 159–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.33182/ml.v4i2.218.
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The experience of migration includes costs and benefits to migrants and sending communities. In the tradition of a “letters” type discussion, this paper presents a synthesis of recent work from a longitudinal study from Zambia, Africa that used a mixed-methods approach to investigate the experience and outcomes of migration among the Gwembe Tonga. In this ethnographic study, we argue that including anthropometric methods in migration studies enhances our ability to empirically assess impacts of mobility to better understand the experience of migration. In this particular African context we see, on average, a beneficial outcome for migrants’ nutritional status, and livelihoods.
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Bielavitz, Tom. "The Balanced Scorecard: A Systemic Model for Evaluation and Assessment of Learning Outcomes?" Evidence Based Library and Information Practice 5, no. 2 (June 17, 2010): 35. http://dx.doi.org/10.18438/b83s5h.
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Objective – The goal of this paper is to explore using Kaplan and Norton’s balanced scorecard methodology as a systemic model for outcomes assessment. The expectations of academic accrediting agencies have shifted from measurement of inputs and outputs to that of the library’s impact on learning and demonstrating accountability. Recent literature has presented methods for performing specific aspects of outcomes assessment. However, the scorecard methodology may provide a systemic advantage beneficial to library administrators and managers.
Methods – This paper provides a selective review of outcomes assessment in academic libraries and a description of the balanced scorecard methodology, focusing on its relevance to assessment and demonstration of accountability.
Results – A theoretical scenario is outlined, including examples of a scorecard used for outcomes assessment. For each example, the benefits of using a systemic approach are examined.
Conclusions – Using a systems-thinking approach to outcomes assessment may provide significant advantages to library administrators and managers. As the model includes traditional methods of outcomes assessment, the scorecard approach adds elements of process improvement, identification of the inputs and outputs that create outcomes, and a tool for communicating accountability for resources.
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Kessler, Christian S., Thomas Ostermann, Larissa Meier, Elmar Stapelfeldt, Silvia Schütte, Joachim Duda, and Andreas Michalsen. "Additive Complex Ayurvedic Treatment in Patients with Fibromyalgia Syndrome Compared to Conventional Standard Care Alone: A Nonrandomized Controlled Clinical Pilot Study (KAFA Trial)." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2013 (2013): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/751403.
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Background. Fibromyalgia (FMS) is a challenging condition for health care systems worldwide. Only limited trial data is available for FMS for outcomes of complex treatment interventions of complementary and integrative (CIM) approaches.Methods. We conducted a controlled, nonrandomized feasibility study that compared outcomes in 21 patients treated with Ayurveda with those of 11 patients treated with a conventional approach at the end of a two-week inpatient hospital stay. Primary outcome was the impact of fibromyalgia on patients as assessed by the FIQ. Secondary outcomes included scores of pain intensity, pain perception, depression, anxiety, and quality of sleep. Follow-up assessments were done after 6 months.Results. At 2 weeks, there were comparable and significant improvements in the FIQ and for most of secondary outcomes in both groups with no significant in-between-group differences. The beneficial effects for both treatment groups were partly maintained for the main outcome and a number of secondary outcomes at the 6-month followup, again with no significant in-between-group differences.Discussion. The findings of this feasibility study suggest that Ayurvedic therapy is noninferior to conventional treatment in patients with severe FMS. Since Ayurveda was only used as add-on treatment, RCTs on Ayurveda alone are warranted to increase model validity. This trial is registered withNCT01389336.
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Stretton, Paul. "The Lilypond: An integrated model of Safety II principles in the workplace. A quantum shift in patient safety thinking." Journal of Patient Safety and Risk Management 25, no. 2 (April 2020): 85–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2516043520913420.
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The Lilypond is a new conceptual model to describe patient safety performance. It radically diverges from established patient safety models to develop the reality of complexity within the healthcare systems as well as incorporating Safety II principles. There are two viewpoints of the Lilypond that provide insight into patient safety performance. From above, we are able to observe the organisational outcomes. This supersedes the widely used Safety Triangle and provides a more accurate conceptual model for understanding what outcomes are generated within healthcare. From a cross-sectional view, we are able to gain insights into how these outcomes come to manifest. This includes recognition of the complexity of our workplace, the impact of micro-interactions, effective leadership behaviours as well as patterns of behaviour that all provide learning. This replaces the simple, linear approach of The Swiss Cheese Model when analysing outcome causation. By applying the principles of Safety II and replacing outdated models for understanding patient safety performance, a more accurate, beneficial and respectful understanding of safety outcomes is possible.
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Uzark, K., C. Frederick, JJ Lamberti, HM Worthen, MT Ogino, RD Mainwaring, and JW Moore. "Changing practice patterns for children with heart disease: a clinical pathway approach." American Journal of Critical Care 7, no. 2 (March 1, 1998): 101–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.4037/ajcc1998.7.2.101.
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BACKGROUND: Pediatric cardiac care is costly and requires extensive resources. We studied the effect of clinical pathways on practice patterns and patient care outcomes in infants and children hospitalized for cardiac surgery. METHODS: In consecutive patients admitted for selected cardiac surgical procedures before (n = 69) and after (n = 173) implementation of clinical pathways, outcomes including hospital length of stay, days in the ICU, time to extubation, ordering of blood studies, costs, and readmissions were compared. Data were analyzed for each of five cardiac surgical procedures: repair of an atrial septal defect, repair of a ventricular septal defect, division of a patent ductus arteriosus, repair of tetralogy of Fallot, and neonatal arterial switch operation to correct transposition of the great arteries. RESULTS: A significant reduction in length of hospital stay, including days in the ICU (decreased 1 to 2 days per admission), was achieved after the clinical pathway was implemented. Reductions in average duration of mechanical ventilation ranged from 28% for repair of a ventricular septal defect to 63% for repair of tetralogy of Fallot. The number of blood studies ordered decreased 20% to 30%. A significant reduction in hospital costs for each procedure, ranging from 16% to 29%, was also achieved with no adverse effects on patients' outcomes. CONCLUSIONS: Use of clinical pathways with children hospitalized for cardiac surgery can shorten length of stay in the hospital, reduce use of resources, and improve cost-effectiveness with beneficial outcomes for patients.
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Webster-Stratton, Carolyn, and Tracey Bywater. "Incredible partnerships: parents and teachers working together to enhance outcomes for children through a multi-modal evidence based programme." Journal of Children's Services 10, no. 3 (September 21, 2015): 202–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jcs-02-2015-0010.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explore the utility of an evidence-based suite of programmes, The Incredible Years (IY), to enhance outcomes for children using a parent-teacher partnership model. Design/methodology/approach – A review of the broad evidence base for the IY parent, teacher and child programmes, uniquely focusing on the inter-relationships between home and school contexts. Findings – Evidence suggests that it is beneficial to parents, teachers and children to deliver IY programmes applying a multi-modal approach. Originality/value – This paper, read in conjunction with other contributions in this volume, demonstrates the growing viability of partnership strategies that support children, their families and teachers to enhance school readiness, and promote positive child outcomes.
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Michalsen, Andreas, Chenying Li, Katharina Kaiser, Rainer Lüdtke, Larissa Meier, Rainer Stange, and Christian Kessler. "In-Patient Treatment of Fibromyalgia: A Controlled Nonrandomized Comparison of Conventional Medicine versus Integrative Medicine including Fasting Therapy." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2013 (2013): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/908610.
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Fibromyalgia poses a challenge for therapy. Recent guidelines suggest that fibromyalgia should be treated within a multidisciplinary therapy approach. No data are available that evaluated multimodal treatment strategies of Integrative Medicine (IM). We conducted a controlled, nonrandomized pilot study that compared two inpatient treatment strategies, an IM approach that included fasting therapy and a conventional rheumatology (CM) approach. IM used fasting cure and Mind-Body-Medicine as specific methods. Of 48 included consecutive patients, 28 were treated with IM, 20 with CM. Primary outcome was change in the Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire (FIQ) score after the 2-week hospital stay. Secondary outcomes included scores of pain, depression, anxiety, and well being. Assessments were repeated after 12 weeks. At 2 weeks, there were significant improvements in the FIQ (P<0.014) and for most of secondary outcomes for the IM group compared to the CM group. The beneficial effects for the IM approach were reduced after 12 weeks and no longer statistically significant with the exception of anxiety. Findings indicate that a multimodal IM treatment with fasting therapy might be superior to CM in the short term and not inferior in the mid term. Longer-term studies are warranted to assess the clinical impact of integrative multimodal treatment in fibromyalgia.
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Zhang, Hang, Wenjian Bi, Yuehua Cui, Honglei Chen, Jinbo Chen, Yanlong Zhao, and Guolian Kang. "Extreme-value sampling design is cost-beneficial only with a valid statistical approach for exposure–secondary outcome association analyses." Statistical Methods in Medical Research 29, no. 2 (April 4, 2019): 466–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0962280219839093.
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In epidemiology cohort studies, exposure data are collected in sub-studies based on a primary outcome (PO) of interest, as with the extreme-value sampling design (EVSD), to investigate their correlation. Secondary outcomes (SOs) data are also readily available, enabling researchers to assess the correlations between the exposure and the SOs. However, when the EVSD is used, the data for SOs are not representative samples of a general population; thus, many commonly used statistical methods, such as the generalized linear model (GLM), are not valid. A prospective likelihood method has been developed to associate SOs with single-nucleotide polymorphisms under an extreme phenotype sequencing design. In this paper, we describe the application of the prospective likelihood method (STEVSD) to exposure–SO association analysis under an EVSD. We undertook extensive simulations to assess the performance of the STEVSD method in associating binary and continuous exposures with SOs, comparing it to the simple GLM method that ignores the EVSD. To demonstrate the cost-benefit of the STEVSD method, we also mimicked the design of two new retrospective studies, as would be done in actual practice, based on the PO of interest, which was the same as the SO in the EVSD study. We then analyzed these data by using the GLM method and compared its power to that of the STEVSD method. We demonstrated the usefulness of the STEVSD method by applying it to a benign ethnic neutropenia dataset. Our results indicate that the STEVSD method can control type I error well, whereas the GLM method cannot do so owing to its ignorance of EVSD, and that the STEVSD method is cost-effective because it has statistical power similar to that of two new retrospective studies that require collecting new exposure data for selected individuals.
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Martin, Danielle. "Oil and gas development and social responsibility—aligning project and community goals for mutually beneficial outcomes." APPEA Journal 50, no. 2 (2010): 699. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj09063.
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Even on the most high-risk projects in the some of the most challenging locations, it is possible and advantageous to progress the social and environmental aspirations of host communities and contribute to improving the lives of those communities. This paper case studies a number of complex projects that have prompted and contributed to long-term, sustainable development. In particular, the paper presents the case study of an Indigenous Australian community’s efforts to pro-actively prepare for, and promote, oil and gas development on Indigenous-owned land, progressed with joint development goals and aspirations. This experience essentially establishes a new approach to company-community interactions for land access and petroleum development and provides a new model that many communities and developers will undoubtedly be keen to emulate. The case study considers: the importance of establishing the broader social aspirations of communities in relation to the petroleum development at the outset; the criticality of establishing a mutual understanding the commercial, non-negotiable parameters of the developer; the cumulative impacts and opportunities for both developer and community of multiple, large scale projects; the role of government and donors; and, the limitations of developers in contributing to broader social development. Through the analysis of case studies, the paper examines environmental and social impact assessment and performance techniques used to understand and manage the risks and opportunities of oil and gas development.The paper expands the boundaries of leading practice in respect to environmental and social impact assessment, community engagement and social responsibility in the oil and gas industry.
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Oertzen, Anna-Sophie, Gaby Odekerken-Schröder, Saara A. Brax, and Birgit Mager. "Co-creating services—conceptual clarification, forms and outcomes." Journal of Service Management 29, no. 4 (July 2, 2018): 641–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/josm-03-2017-0067.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to assess, clarify and consolidate the terminology around the co-creation of services, establish its forms and identify its outcomes, to resolve the conceptual pluralism in service co-creation literature. Design/methodology/approach A focused literature review screened the articles published in five major service research journals to determine relevant contributions on the concept of co-creation of services. Then, a thematic analysis identifies the forms, themes and outcomes of co-creating services in the set of 80 qualifying articles. Findings The study reduces conceptual pluralism by establishing different forms of co-creating services and developing an explicit definition of co-creation in services. The authors develop an integrative framework that recognizes involvement, engagement and participation as prerequisites for co-creation. Relating to the different phases of the service process, the specific co-creation forms of co-ideation, co-valuation, co-design, co-testing and co-launching are classified as regenerative co-creation, while the specific co-creation forms of co-production and co-consumption are recognized as operative co-creation. Both beneficial and counterproductive outcomes of co-creation are identified and arranged into a typology. Research limitations/implications The integrative framework illustrates that service providers and customers are involved, engaged and participate in co-creating services, which manifests in specific forms of co-creation; they attain beneficial and counterproductive outcomes (personal, social, hedonic, cognitive, economic and pragmatic); and are influenced by a contextual multi-actor network. Practical implications Co-creation in services is actionable; the typology of outcomes suggests service managers ways to motivate customers and employees to participate in co-creating services. Originality/value This paper defines and establishes the conceptual forms of co-creating services and the identified outcomes, and develops an integrative framework of co-creation in services.
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Challoumas, Dimitrios, and Georgios Dimitrakakis. "Blunt Thoracic Aortic Injuries: New Perspectives in Management." Open Cardiovascular Medicine Journal 9, no. 1 (June 26, 2015): 69–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874192401509010069.
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Blunt thoracic aortic injuries (BTAIs) present a great challenge because of their potentially fatal outcomes. Recent advancements in their management have proved to be beneficial in terms of various parameters, including mortality and complications. Endovascular repair is now the treatment of choice in most centres and is continuously replacing the traditional open surgical method. We present a mini-review of the most recent relevant literature that briefly describes the major shifts in the diagnosis and treatment of BTAIs and compares the outcomes of the conventional surgical approach to those of the endovascular method for the definitive repair of these injuries. Although both the reviewed literature and the most recently published guidelines are in support of the use of the endovascular approach, as short and midterm results are promising, its long-term outcomes still remain in question.
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Greenacre, Karine, and Emma Palmer. "Exploring forensic environments: how do environmental factors influence individual outcomes for residents and staff? A systematic review." Mental Health and Social Inclusion 22, no. 4 (August 13, 2018): 203–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/mhsi-06-2018-0020.
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Purpose Increasing attention is focusing on the role of environments in the rehabilitation of offenders, with a range of reported outcomes in the literature. The purpose of this paper is to explore forensic environments and the outcomes and changes that result, in order to assess the current knowledge in this area and to inform current and future practice. Design/methodology/approach Using a systematic review approach with an extensive literature search and robust application of appraisal methods, nine studies were identified. The studies included one mixed method study (n=1), qualitative methods (n=4) that utilised thematic analysis, interpretative phenomenological analysis and Foucauldian discourse analysis and quantitative methods (n=4) that utilised the responses to psychometric measures including the EssenCES and correctional institution environment scale (CIES) to assess the quality and outcomes associated with environments in forensic settings. Findings Three superordinate themes were identified: factors required for successful environments, factors that influence successful environments and factors affected by successful environments. Research limitations/implications Further research would be beneficial around motivation, as it appears to influence the success of environments and be a potential outcome of environments. Further research might usefully explore the ideal time in services, for optimal outcomes in order to advise those currently commissioning services of this nature. Originality/value In addition to outcomes, this review found factors required for forensic environments that are consistent with previous literature within the field, and factors that might influence how successful environments can be.
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Nishimura, Kaneyasu, and Kazuyuki Takata. "Combination of Drugs and Cell Transplantation: More Beneficial Stem Cell-Based Regenerative Therapies Targeting Neurological Disorders." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 16 (August 22, 2021): 9047. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22169047.
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Cell transplantation therapy using pluripotent/multipotent stem cells has gained attention as a novel therapeutic strategy for treating neurodegenerative diseases, including Parkinson’s disease, Alzheimer’s disease, Huntington’s disease, ischemic stroke, and spinal cord injury. To fully realize the potential of cell transplantation therapy, new therapeutic options that increase cell engraftments must be developed, either through modifications to the grafted cells themselves or through changes in the microenvironment surrounding the grafted region. Together these developments could potentially restore lost neuronal function by better supporting grafted cells. In addition, drug administration can improve the outcome of cell transplantation therapy through better accessibility and delivery to the target region following cell transplantation. Here we introduce examples of drug repurposing approaches for more successful transplantation therapies based on preclinical experiments with clinically approved drugs. Drug repurposing is an advantageous drug development strategy because drugs that have already been clinically approved can be repurposed to treat other diseases faster and at lower cost. Therefore, drug repurposing is a reasonable approach to enhance the outcomes of cell transplantation therapies for neurological diseases. Ideal repurposing candidates would result in more efficient cell transplantation therapies and provide a new and beneficial therapeutic combination.
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Garcia-Covarrubias, Lisardo, Norman E. Mcswain, Keith Van Meter, and Richard M. Bell. "Adjuvant Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy in the Management of Crush Injury and Traumatic Ischemia: An Evidence-Based Approach." American Surgeon 71, no. 2 (February 2005): 144–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000313480507100210.
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Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBO) has been recommended as an adjunct treatment in acute traumatic ischemia and crush injury. Several animal models have shown better outcomes when HBO is used in crush injury and compartment syndrome. Animal and in vitro models have suggested that these beneficial effects may be mediated by attenuation of ischemia-reperfusion injury. We did a systematic review of the literature using the Eastern Association for the Surgery of Trauma (EAST) recommendations for evidence-based reviews. An electronic search using Medline, OVID technologies, and the Cochrane database was performed. Only clinical papers published between 1966 and December 2003 with at least five patients that included enough information to evaluate were selected. A group of trauma experts reviewed the selected articles and scored them applying the instrument developed by the EAST practice management guidelines committee. Nine documents fulfilled the inclusion criteria for a total of approximately 150 patients. Most documents were retrospective, uncontrolled, and case series lacking a standardized methodology (class III). There was one prospective controlled randomized trial with some limitations on its design. We determined that eight of nine studies showed a beneficial effect from HBO with only one major complication. We concluded that adjunctive HBO is not likely to be harmful and could be beneficial if administered early. Well designed clinical studies are warranted.
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Reilly, John J., Adrienne R. Hughes, Xanne Janssen, Kathryn R. Hesketh, Sonia Livingstone, Catherine Hill, Ruth Kipping, Catherine E. Draper, Anthony D. Okely, and Anne Martin. "GRADE-ADOLOPMENT Process to Develop 24-Hour Movement Behavior Recommendations and Physical Activity Guidelines for the Under 5s in the United Kingdom, 2019." Journal of Physical Activity and Health 17, no. 1 (January 1, 2020): 101–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jpah.2019-0139.
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Background: This article summarizes the approach taken to develop UK Chief Medical Officers’ physical activity guidelines for the Under 5s, 2019. Methods: The Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE)-Adaptation, Adoption, De Novo Development (ADOLOPMENT) approach was used, based on the guidelines from Canada and Australia, with evidence updated to February 2018. Recommendations were based on the associations between (1) time spent in sleep, sedentary time, physical activity, and 10 health outcomes and (2) time spent in physical activity and sedentary behavior on sleep outcomes (duration and latency). Results: For many outcomes, more time spent in physical activity and sleep (up to a point) was beneficial, as was less time spent in sedentary behavior. The authors present, for the first time, evidence in GRADE format on behavior type–outcome associations for infants, toddlers, and preschoolers. Stakeholders supported all recommendations, but recommendations on sleep and screen time were not accepted by the Chief Medical Officers; UK guidelines will refer only to physical activity. Conclusions: This is the first European use of GRADE-ADOLOPMENT to develop physical activity guidelines. The process is robust, rapid, and inexpensive, but the UK experience illustrates a number of challenges that should help development of physical activity guidelines in future.
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Fuller, Kathryn, Matthew D. Linden, Tracey Lee-Pullen, Clayton Fragall, Wendy N. Erber, and Kimberley J. Röhrig. "An active, collaborative approach to learning skills in flow cytometry." Advances in Physiology Education 40, no. 2 (June 2016): 176–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/advan.00002.2015.
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Advances in science education research have the potential to improve the way students learn to perform scientific interpretations and understand science concepts. We developed active, collaborative activities to teach skills in manipulating flow cytometry data using FlowJo software. Undergraduate students were given compensated clinical flow cytometry listmode output (FCS) files and asked to design a gating strategy to diagnose patients with different hematological malignancies on the basis of their immunophenotype. A separate cohort of research trainees was given uncompensated data files on which they performed their own compensation, calculated the antibody staining index, designed a sequential gating strategy, and quantified rare immune cell subsets. Student engagement, confidence, and perceptions of flow cytometry were assessed using a survey. Competency against the learning outcomes was assessed by asking students to undertake tasks that required understanding of flow cytometry dot plot data and gating sequences. The active, collaborative approach allowed students to achieve learning outcomes not previously possible with traditional teaching formats, for example, having students design their own gating strategy, without forgoing essential outcomes such as the interpretation of dot plots. In undergraduate students, favorable perceptions of flow cytometry as a field and as a potential career choice were correlated with student confidence but not the ability to perform flow cytometry data analysis. We demonstrate that this new pedagogical approach to teaching flow cytometry is beneficial for student understanding and interpretation of complex concepts. It should be considered as a useful new method for incorporating complex data analysis tasks such as flow cytometry into curricula.
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Eatough, Erin M. "How Does Employee Mindfulness Reduce Psychological Distress?" Industrial and Organizational Psychology 8, no. 4 (December 2015): 643–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/iop.2015.93.
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As pointed out by Hyland, Lee, and Mills (2015), the most prominent effect of mindfulness is a significant decrease in experienced stress levels, and one of the most popular mindfulness interventions is mindfulness-based stress reduction. When it comes to psychological stress, desirable outcomes are both expected and documented for employees who adopt a mindful approach to work. But how are these beneficial effects happening, exactly?
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Gould, A. Noel, Annie H. Liu, and Yang Yu. "Opportunities and opportunism with high-status B2B partners in emerging economies." Journal of Business & Industrial Marketing 31, no. 5 (June 6, 2016): 684–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jbim-12-2015-0243.
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Purpose This study examines the potential of foreign business-to-business (B2B) firms to select high-status local partners in emerging markets to achieve positive relationship outcomes. Because a domestic firm’s high status may also promote opportunism, the study also examines if the foreign B2B firms may mitigate such behavior through either or both transaction-specific investments (TSIs) and socialization. Design/methodology/approach The research is conducted via a model that suggests a positive correlation between high local partner status and the focal relationship outcomes and the moderating effects of structural TSIs and social governance systems. The model was developed and empirically tested using data collected from 96 foreign firms operating in China. Findings Using multiple regressions, the findings suggest that foreign B2B firms are likely to achieve more beneficial relationship outcomes with high-status local partners. Standing alone, foreign B2B firms’ TSIs mitigate the positive relationship outcomes, whereas their socialization with the high-status partners enhances the beneficial outcomes. Most importantly, combining socialization with TSIs increases beneficial outcomes. Research limitations/implications This study adds to B2B marketing, status theory and the application of transaction cost economics (TCE) and social exchange theory to foreign-local B2B exchange relationships in emerging markets. The findings confirm the attractiveness of high status in emerging markets by exploring how the selection, formation and chosen B2B governance processes may lead to competing outcomes of opportunism or success. Future research will benefit from simultaneously securing data from both sides of the dyad. Practical implications The paper suggests that foreign B2B firms consider high status as a key criterion in selecting local partners in emerging markets and the importance of managing high-status partners’ potential opportunism by effective governance mechanisms. Originality/value This study is one of the first to apply and explore the workings of status theory in the foreign-local B2B partner selection process and relationship outcomes in emerging markets and thereby contributes to B2B marketing, status theory and both TCE and social exchange theories in the focal foreign-local B2B context.
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Chang, Donny L. F., and Elizabeth N. Pearce. "Screening for Maternal Thyroid Dysfunction in Pregnancy: A Review of the Clinical Evidence and Current Guidelines." Journal of Thyroid Research 2013 (2013): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/851326.
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Observational studies have demonstrated that maternal thyroid dysfunction and thyroid autoimmunity in pregnancy may be associated with adverse obstetric and fetal outcomes. Treatment of overt maternal hyperthyroidism and overt hypothyroidism clearly improves outcomes. To date there is limited evidence that levothyroxine treatment of pregnant women with subclinical hypothyroidism, isolated hypothyroxinemia, or thyroid autoimmunity is beneficial. Therefore, there is ongoing debate regarding the need for universal screening for thyroid dysfunction during pregnancy. Current guidelines differ; some recommend an aggressive case-finding approach, whereas others advocate testing only symptomatic women or those with a personal history of thyroid disease or other associated medical conditions.
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Haddock, C. Keith, AB Rowan, F. Andrasik, PG Wilson, G. Wayne Talcott, and RJ Stein. "Home-Based Behavioral Treatments for chronic Benign Headache." Cephalalgia 17, no. 2 (April 1997): 113–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1468-2982.1997.1702113.x.
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Controlled clinical trials have consistently demonstrated that behavioral treatments for chronic benign headache produce clinically beneficial outcomes both post-treatment and at follow-up. Given these results there is interest in cost-reduction and redesign of these treatments to improve their accessibility. One promising approach in this regard is home-based headache treatment. These treatments seek to provide the same amount of treatment as clinic-based treatments; however, some of the material typically presented to the patient by a clinician is presented through home-study materials (e.g., manuals, audiotapes). To date, the published literature contains 20 controlled clinical trials which have examined the outcomes produced by home-based treatments. This article presents the first comprehensive meta-analysis of these clinical outcome studies. Results of the quantitative analyses suggest that home-based treatments produce comparable, or with certain outcome measures, superior results to clinic-based treatments. Moreover, cost-effectiveness scores of home-based treatments were found to be more than five times larger than those of clinic-based therapies. Methodological analyses are also presented along with suggestions for future research.
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Chimsah, Francis Azumah, Liqun Cai, Jun Wu, and Renzhi Zhang. "Outcomes of Long-Term Conservation Tillage Research in Northern China." Sustainability 12, no. 3 (February 3, 2020): 1062. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12031062.
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Sustainable food production has long been a priority for mankind and this is being challenged by limited arable land, challenged landscapes, and higher human population growth. China started conservation farming around the 1950’s. However, main Conservation Tillage (CT) research started in 1992. Using a systematic meta-analysis approach, this review aims at examining China’s approach to CT and to characterize the main outcomes of long-term CT research across northern China. Data from organizations in charge of CT research in China showed an improvement in crop yield of at least 4% under double cropping systems and 6% under single cropping systems in dry areas of northern China. Furthermore, long-term CT practices were reported to have improved soil physical properties (soil structure, bulk density, pore size, and aggregate stability), soil nutrient levels, and reduction in greenhouse gas emission. Other benefits include significant increase in income levels and protection of the environment. Limitations to CT practice highlighted in this study include occasional reduction in crop yields during initial years of cropping, significant reduction in total N of soils, increase in N2O emission, and the need for customized machinery for its implementation. Outcomes of CT practice are ecologically and economically beneficial though its limitations are worth cogitating.
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Mansouri, Mahsa, Kim DeStefano, Brian Monks, Jasbir Singh, Mollie McDonnold, Jamison Morgan, Richard Hale, Jasvant Adusumalli, Amanda Horton, and Sina Haeri. "Treatment of Morbidly Adherent Placentation Utilizing a Standardized Multidisciplinary Approach in the Community Hospital–Private Practice Setting." American Journal of Perinatology Reports 07, no. 04 (October 2017): e211-e214. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0037-1608641.
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Objective Morbidly adherent placentation is associated with increased maternal morbidity and mortality. Recently, there has been mounting evidence supporting the benefits of a standardized multidisciplinary approach at tertiary teaching hospitals. Our objective was to estimate the impact of the implementation of a similar program at a high-volume private community hospital. Study Design In this retrospective cohort study, we evaluated maternal outcomes in all cases of histopathologically confirmed morbidly adherent placentation since the initiation of our multidisciplinary program (2012–2016). Our data were compared with the previously published outcomes of two large cohorts from tertiary teaching hospitals in Utah and Texas. Results In the 28 cases included for evaluation, our group's median estimated blood loss, median packed red blood cells transfused, median anesthesia time, median length of stay, or rates of maternal morbidity did not statistically differ from the published data in Utah or Texas. Conclusion Our data demonstrate the feasibility and utility of a multidisciplinary morbidly adherent placentation program in the private practice/community hospital setting with outcomes similar to those at tertiary teaching hospitals. Implementation of such program may prove beneficial in remote centers, where various factors may prohibit patient travel to a larger center.
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McKeever, Andrea L., and James W. Fetterman. "Enteral and Parenteral Nutrition for the Diabetic Patient: A Case-Based Approach." Journal of Pharmacy Practice 22, no. 6 (March 12, 2009): 535–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0897190009333162.
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Patients’ nutritional status is essential to ensure beneficial outcomes. However for the diabetic, the caloric energy required is not only sustaining but problematic if not managed appropriately. Uncontrolled hyperglycemia places these patients at risk of complications such as infections, neuropathy, and retinopathy. Health care providers can assist in tailoring nutritional support for diabetic patients. Possible interventions include adjusting caloric requirements to minimize carbohydrates and maximize fat as a main calorie substitute and to suggest appropriate macronutrient sources. Other disease state complications such as diabetic-associated nephropathy and gastroparesis affect nutritional support and present opportunity for further interventions. Diligence regarding blood glucose monitoring is imperative. Additional anti-diabetic therapies can be used to maintain tight glucose control; however, close monitoring must occur to minimize hypoglycemic episodes, which can be life-threatening.
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Janiszewski, Marek, Anna Felkner, and Jakub Olszak. "Trust and Risk Assessment Model of Popular Software Based on Known Vulnerabilities." International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications 63, no. 3 (August 28, 2017): 329–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/eletel-2017-0044.
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Abstract This paper presents a new concept of an approach to risk assessment which can be done on the basis of publicly available information about vulnerabilities. The presented approach uses also the notion of trust and implements many concepts used in so called trust and reputation management systems (which are widely used in WSN, MANET or P2P networks, but also in ecommerce platforms). The article shows first outcomes obtained from the presented model. The outcomes demonstrate that the model can be implemented in real system to make software management more quantified and objective process, which can have real and beneficial impact on institutional security. In article, however the emphasis was set not on the model itself (which can be easily changed) but on the possibility of finding useful information about vulnerabilities.
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Trabelsi, Abir, and Hiroaki Matsukawa. "Pricing supply chain option contracts: a bilevel programming approach." Journal of Modelling in Management 15, no. 4 (June 29, 2020): 1567–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jm2-08-2019-0195.
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Purpose This paper considers an option contract in a two-stage supplier-retailer supply chain (SC) when market demand is stochastic. The problem is a Stackelberg game with the supplier as a leader. This research assumes demand information sharing. The purpose of this study is to determine the optimal pricing strategy of the supplier along with the optimal order strategy of the retailer in three option contract cases. Design/methodology/approach The paper model the option contract pricing problem as a bilevel problem. The problem is then solved using bilevel programing methods. After computing, the generated outcomes are compared to a benchmark (wholesale price contract) to evaluate the contract. Findings The results reveal that only one of the contract cases can arbitrarily allocate the SC profit. In both other cases, the Stackelberg supplier manages to earn the total SC profit. Further analysis of the first contract, show that from the supplier’s perspective, the first stage forecast inaccuracy is beneficial, whereas the demand uncertainty in the second stage is detrimental. This contracting strategy guarantees both players better outcomes compared to the wholesale price contract. Originality/value To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this research is the first that links the option contract literature to the bilevel programing literature. It also the first to solve the pricing problem of the commitment option contract with demand update where the retailer exercises the option before knowing the exact demand.
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Meddings, Sara, Jane McGregor, Waldo Roeg, and Geoff Shepherd. "Recovery colleges: quality and outcomes." Mental Health and Social Inclusion 19, no. 4 (November 9, 2015): 212–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/mhsi-08-2015-0035.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to review the available evidence regarding the effectiveness and cost effectiveness of Recovery Colleges. To make suggestions for future research. Design/methodology/approach – Selective review of relevant published studies, including reports in the “grey” literature. Findings – Despite methodological limitations, it has been consistently found that attendance at Recovery Colleges is perceived to be useful and to help people progress towards their recovery goals. There is some evidence of reductions in service use (and therefore costs). In addition, there is evidence of beneficial effects for peer trainers and possible positive impact on staff attitudes. Research limitations/implications – The existing research highlights the need for further robust studies, using both qualitative and quantitative methods, to understand better the overall impact of Recovery Colleges and the underlying mechanisms of change. Practical implications – There is a need for further studies of the relationship between the “key defining features” and outcomes. This means the collection and pooling of systematic, “practice-based” evidence. Social implications – The introduction of an explicitly recovery educational (“learning”) model into mainstream mental health services seems to have a profound effect on reducing the power differences inherent in traditional professional/patient relationships. If this can be replicated across organisations it could facilitate the kind of fundamental cultural change necessary to give back recovery to the people who have always owned it. Originality/value – The information collected together in this paper is already publicly available, however it is difficult to find. The analysis and interpretation is original.
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Volevodz, Natalya Nikitichna, Dmitriy Nikitich Laptev, and Marina Vladimirovna Shestakova. "Modern approach to basal-bolus therapy with glargine and glulisine insulin analoguesin various age groups." Diabetes mellitus 16, no. 1 (March 15, 2013): 83–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.14341/2072-0351-3602.
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DCCT (Diabetes Control and Complications Trial) study established that intensified insulin therapy in multiple daily injections (MDI) or continuous insulin infusion (CSII) regimens substantially reduce both development and progression of complications in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) as compared to conventional insulin therapy. Insulin analogues possess better pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic characteristics than unmodified human insulin agents. These characteristics are beneficial for management of diabetes mellitus, allowing better glycemic outcomes with lower incidence of hypoglycemia.Current review discusses specifics of therapy with glargine (Lantus?) and glulisine (Apidra?) insulin analogues. Authors analyzed available to date results from corresponding clinical trials in children, adolescents and adults. Pharmacoeconomic aspects and matters of dosage of glargine and glulisine are further addressed.
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Lee, Daniel Jin Keat, MaDong Ye, Keith Haozhe Sun, Vishalkumar G. Shelat, and Aaryan Koura. "Laparoscopic versus Open Omental Patch Repair for Early Presentation of Perforated Peptic Ulcer: Matched Retrospective Cohort Study." Surgery Research and Practice 2016 (2016): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/8605039.
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Introduction.The aim of this study was to compare the outcomes between laparoscopic and open omental patch repair (LOPR versus OR) in patients with similar presentation of perforated peptic ulcer (PPU). The secondary aim was to evaluate the outcomes according to the severity of peritonitis.Methods.All patients who underwent omental patch repair at two university-affiliated institutes between January 2010 and December 2014 were reviewed. Matched cohort between LOPR and OR groups was achieved by only including patients that had ulcer perforation <2 cm in size and symptoms occurring <48 hours. Outcome measures were defined in accordance with length of stay (LOS), postoperative complications, and mortality.Results.148 patients met the predefined inclusion criteria with LOPR performed in 40 patients. Outcome measures consistently support laparoscopic approach but only length of hospital stay (LOS) achieved statistical significance (LOPR 4 days versus OR 5 days,p<0.01). In a subgroup analysis of patients with MPI score >21, LOPR is also shown to benefit, particularly resulting in significant shorter LOS (4 days versus 11 days,p<0.01).Conclusion.LOPR offers improved short-term outcomes in patients who present within 48 hours and with perforation size <2 cm. LOPR also proved to be more beneficial in high MPI cases.
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Gan, Danan, Aili Xu, Hongbo Du, and Yong’an Ye. "Chinese Classical Formula Sijunzi Decoction and Chronic Atrophic Gastritis: Evidence for Treatment Approach?" Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2017 (2017): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/9012929.
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Objective. This aim is to evaluate the effect of Sijunzi decoction (SJZD) treating chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG). Methods. We performed searches in seven databases. The randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing SJZD with standard medical care or inactive intervention for CAG were enrolled. Combined therapy of SJZD plus conventional therapies compared with conventional therapies alone was also retrieved. The primary outcome included the incidence of gastric cancer and the improvement of atrophy, intestinal metaplasia, and dysplasia based on the gastroscopy and pathology. The secondary outcomes were Helicobacter pylori clearance rate, quality of life, and adverse event/adverse drug reaction. Results. Six RCTs met the inclusion criteria. The research quality was low in the trials. For the overall effect rate, pooled analysis from 4 trials showed that modified SJZD plus conventional medications exhibited a significant improvement (OR = 4.86; 95% CI: 2.80 to 8.44; P < 0.00001) and without significant heterogeneity compared with the conventional medications alone. None reported the adverse effect. Conclusions. Modified SJZD combined with conventional western medicines appears to have benefits for CAG. Due to the limited number and methodological flaw, the beneficial and harmful effects of SJZD for CAG could not be identified. More high-quality clinical trials are needed to confirm the results.
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Idris, Idris, Khofifatu Rohmah Adi, Bayu Kurniawan, and Syahril Siddik. "Encouraging Student’s Soft-Skill by Web-Based EColloquium Learning Approach to Enhance Advance Feedbacks." International Journal of Emerging Technologies in Learning (iJET) 16, no. 07 (April 9, 2021): 32. http://dx.doi.org/10.3991/ijet.v16i07.21175.
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The use of information technology in learning has become a demand for the implementation of modern education. Various patterns of technology integration in learning are proposed to improve optimal learning outcomes. This study aims to develop learning media in the form of web-based e-colloquium to increase students’ soft-skills. This development used research and development method with the ADDIE model (analyzing, designing, developing, implementing, and evaluating). This study found that web-based E-colloquium was feasible to be implemented. In addition, responses obtained from both students and the public show that product implementation provides broad opportunities to develop students’ skills such as communication skills, mental readiness, and public presentation technique skills. This development product contributes to an alternative learning media that could be beneficial for higher education institutions in Indonesia.
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Lien, Y. J., H. A. Chang, Y. C. Kao, N. S. Tzeng, C. W. Lu, and C. H. Loh. "Insight, self-stigma and psychosocial outcomes in Schizophrenia: a structural equation modelling approach." Epidemiology and Psychiatric Sciences 27, no. 2 (December 15, 2016): 176–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s2045796016000950.
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Aims.Poor insight is prevalent in patients with schizophrenia and has been associated with acute illness severity, medication non-adherence and poor treatment outcomes. Paradoxically, high insight has been associated with various undesirable outcomes, including low self-esteem, depression and low subjective quality of life (QoL) in patients with schizophrenia. Despite the growing body of studies conducted in Western countries supporting the pernicious effects of improved insight in psychosis, which bases on the level of self-stigma, the effects are unclear in non-Western societies. The current study examined the role of self-stigma in the relationship between insight and psychosocial outcomes in a Chinese population.Methods.A total of 170 outpatients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders were recruited from two general university hospitals. Sociodemographic data and clinical variables were recorded and self-report scales were employed to measure self-stigma, depression, insight, self-esteem and subjective QoL. Structural equation modelling (SEM) was used to analyse the cross-sectional data.Results.High levels of self-stigma were reported by 39% of the participants (n = 67). The influences of insight, self-stigma, self-esteem and depression on subjective QoL were confirmed by the SEM results. Our model with the closest fit to the data (χ2 = 33.28; df = 20; p = 0.03; χ2/df = 1.66; CFI = 0.98; TLI = 0.97; RMSEA = 0.06) demonstrated that self-stigma might fully mediate the association of insight with low self-esteem, depression and poor subjective QoL. High insight into illness contributed to self-stigma, which caused low self-esteem and depression and, consequently, low QoL. Notably, insight did not directly affect self-esteem, depression or QoL. Furthermore, the association of insight with poor psychosocial outcomes was not moderated by self-stigma.Conclusions.Our findings support the mediating model of insight relevant to the poor psychosocial outcomes of individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia in non-Western societies, in which self-stigma plays a pivotal role. These findings elucidate the direct and indirect effects of insight on psychosocial outcomes and imply that identifying and correcting self-stigma in people with schizophrenia could be beneficial. Additional studies are required to identify whether several other neurocognitive or psychosocial variables mediate or moderate the association of insight with self-esteem, depression and QoL in patients with schizophrenia. Studies with detailed longitudinal assessments are necessary to confirm our findings.
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Wittouck, Ciska, Anne Dekkers, Wouter Vanderplasschen, and Freya Vander Laenen. "Psychosocial functioning of drug treatment court clients: a study of the prosecutor's files in Ghent, Belgium." Therapeutic Communities: The International Journal of Therapeutic Communities 35, no. 3 (September 2, 2014): 127–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/tc-02-2014-0005.
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Purpose – Problem solving courts are a result of the therapeutic jurisprudence movement. Drug treatment courts (DTCs), for instance, aim to divert substance using offenders away from the criminal justice system (CJS) to (drug) treatment services. DTCs are associated with reduced criminal offending and substance use. Psychosocial outcomes of DTCs, such as employment, health and family relations, received only little attention. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach – This paper focuses on the outcomes regarding substance use and psychosocial variables of a Belgian DTC situated in the Ghent region, which were investigated by a naturalistic evaluation study with a pre- post-design using judicial files. Findings – The results show that Ghent DTC clients were diverted to drug treatment and financial counselling services. Next the Ghent DTC produced beneficial outcomes regarding employment. Contrary to criminal offending (De Keulenaer and Thomaes, 2013), substance use was not significantly reduced in the Ghent DTC sample. Yet more compliance with opioid maintenance treatment was observed. Information on more client centred outcomes such as health and social relations was lacking, precluding a full outcome measurement of psychosocial variables. Research limitations/implications – Future DTC studies should address more client centreed outcomes by gathering information through DTC clients and treatment services instead of solely relying on judicial data sources. In addition, DTCs should develop a clear and uniform registration system regarding these outcomes. Originality/value – Since the therapeutic jurisprudence movement continues to expand, discussion regarding the roles and tasks of the CJS as well as treatment and counselling services is vital. Each actor should maintain its own role and task, regarding monitoring and substantive work, to insure a “problem solving approach” that is in line with the recovery philosophy.
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Li, Li, Li-Jung Liang, Chunqing Lin, Chiao-Wen Lan, Guoping Ji, and Yongkang Xiao. "Changes in behavioral outcomes among children affected by HIV: Results of a randomized controlled trial in China." Journal of Health Psychology 24, no. 11 (December 15, 2017): 1581–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1359105317746479.
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This study assessed the effects of a multilevel intervention on HIV-affected children’s negative behaviors. A total of 536 children aged 6–18 years from 475 HIV-affected families in Anhui, China, participated in the randomized controlled trial. A significant overall intervention effect on reducing negative behaviors was observed at 18-month follow-up, and the effect remained at 24-month follow-up. The intervention showed greater effects for children aged 13–18 years than those aged 6–12 years. Study findings suggest that a multilevel intervention approach could be beneficial for reducing negative behavior in HIV-affected children. Age-specific programs should be considered to maximize the intervention effects.
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van Duin, Daniëlle, Lars de Winter, Matthijs Oud, Hans Kroon, Wim Veling, and Jaap van Weeghel. "The effect of rehabilitation combined with cognitive remediation on functioning in persons with severe mental illness: systematic review and meta-analysis." Psychological Medicine 49, no. 09 (January 30, 2019): 1414–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s003329171800418x.
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AbstractBackgroundPsychiatric rehabilitation (PR) can improve functioning in people with severe mental illness (SMI), but outcomes are still suboptimal. Cognitive impairments have severe implications for functioning and might reduce the effects of PR. It has been demonstrated that performance in cognitive tests can be improved by cognitive remediation (CR). However, there is no consistent evidence that CR as a stand-alone intervention leads to improvements in real-life functioning. The present study investigated whether a combination of PR and CR enhances the effect of a stand-alone PR or CR intervention on separate domains of functioning.MethodA meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials of PR combined with CR in people with SMI was conducted, reporting on functioning outcomes. A multivariate meta-regression analysis was carried out to evaluate moderator effects.ResultsThe meta-analysis included 23 studies with 1819 patients. Enhancing PR with CR had significant beneficial effects on vocational outcomes (e.g. employment rate: SMD = 0.41), and social skills (SMD = 0.24). No significant effects were found on relationships and outcomes of community functioning. Effects on vocational outcomes were moderated by years of education, intensity of the intervention, type of CR approach and integration of treatment goals for PR and CR. Type of PR was no significant moderator.ConclusionsAugmenting PR by adding cognitive training can improve vocational and social functioning in patients with SMI more than a stand-alone PR intervention. First indications exist that a synergetic mechanism also works the other way around, with beneficial effects of the combined intervention compared with a stand-alone CR intervention.
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Vernon-Roberts, Angharad, Richard B. Gearry, and Andrew S. Day. "Overview of Self-Management Skills and Associated Assessment Tools for Children with Inflammatory Bowel Disease." Gastrointestinal Disorders 3, no. 2 (March 30, 2021): 61–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/gidisord3020007.
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Self-management is a multi-modal approach for managing chronic conditions that encompasses a number of different elements; knowledge, adherence, self-regulation, communication, and cognitive factors. Self-management has been shown to be beneficial for adults with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), and for children with IBD it may help them learn to take control of their complex treatment regimens and lead to positive disease outcomes. The development of self-management skills for children with IBD is vital in order to maximize their potential for health autonomy, but it is still an emergent field in this population. This review provides an over-arching view of the self-management elements specific to children with IBD, and highlights outcome measures that may be used to assess skills within each field as well as the efficacy of targeted interventions.
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Wittkowski, Anja, Karla Toye, and Helen L. Richards. "A COGNITIVE BEHAVIOUR THERAPY GROUP FOR PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC FATIGUE SYNDROME: A PRELIMINARY INVESTIGATION." Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy 32, no. 1 (January 2004): 107–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1352465804001109.
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A number of studies suggest that individual cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT) is beneficial to patients suffering from Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFS). This study investigated the effectiveness of group CBT in reducing fatigue and distress in five outpatients with a diagnosis of CFS throughout therapy and at 3-month follow-up. The nature of the group, treatment outcomes and benefits of this approach are outlined. Group CBT was acceptable to participants and led to improvements in fatigue as well as cognitive functioning.
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Spencer, Renée. "A Working Model of Mentors’ Contributions to Youth Mentoring Relationship Quality: Insights From Research on Psychotherapy." LEARNing Landscapes 5, no. 2 (May 2, 2012): 295–312. http://dx.doi.org/10.36510/learnland.v5i2.567.
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Mentoring is a flexible approach to youth development that can promote positive outcomes through informal learning. Not all mentoring relationships are beneficial, however, as lower quality mentoring relationships tend to have little effect. A mentor’s overall approach to the relationship has been found to influence relationship quality. But what does it take to engage a young person in such a relationship and sustain it over time? In this paper, I draw from the research on psychotherapy and other related literatures to briefly sketch out a working model for the determinants of mentoring relationship quality and then focus in detail on one of these—the contributions of the mentor.
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CHAIM, Elinton Adami, José Carlos PAREJA, Martinho Antonio GESTIC, Murillo Pimentel UTRINI, and Everton CAZZO. "Preoperative multidisciplinary program for bariatric surgery: a proposal for the Brazilian Public Health System." Arquivos de Gastroenterologia 54, no. 1 (March 2017): 70–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0004-2803.2017v54n1-14.
Full textAbstract:
ABSTRACT BACKGROUND Bariatric surgery has become the gold standard treatment for morbid obesity, but access to surgery remains difficult and low compliance to postoperative follow-up is common. To improve outcomes, enable access and optimize follow-up, we developed a multidisciplinary preoperative approach for bariatric surgery. OBJECTIVE To determine the impact of this program in the outcomes of bariatric surgery in the Brazilian public health system. METHODS A prospective evaluation of the individuals who underwent a preoperative multidisciplinary program for bariatric surgery and comparison of their surgical outcomes with those observed in the prospectively collected historical database of the individuals who underwent surgery before the beginning of the program. RESULTS There were 176 individuals who underwent the multidisciplinary program and 226 who did not. Individuals who underwent the program had significantly lower occurrence of the following variables: hospital stay; wound dehiscence; wound infection; pulmonary complications; anastomotic leaks; pulmonary thromboembolism; sepsis; incisional hernias; eventrations; reoperations; and mortality. Both loss of follow-up and weight loss failure were also significantly lower in the program group. CONCLUSION The adoption of a comprehensive preoperative multidisciplinary approach led to significant improvements in the postoperative outcomes and also in the compliance to the postoperative follow-up. It represents a reproducible and potentially beneficial approach within the context of the Brazilian public health system.