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Journal articles on the topic 'Bending testing'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 28 June 2021

Last updated: 2 February 2022

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1

Pécsi, Levente, Judit Pásztor, and András Kakucs. "Bending-Testing of Arrows." Műszaki Tudományos Közlemények 9, no. 1 (October 1, 2018): 191–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.33894/mtk-2018.09.43.

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Abstract Archery is a tradition, a style of martial arts and a competitive sport, while at the same time being an art form. The equipment consists of a bow and arrows. The deflection of the arrow is a very important characteristic, one which has a decisive influence on how and if the arrow reaches the target. This has a tremendous impact on the performance of the archer in both competition and archery demonstrations. The quantification and measurement of arrow deflection is equally important to both manufacturers and archers. It is affected by the arrow’s static bending. In this paper the bend of the arrow shall be determined.

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Ishii, Hitoshi, Yohei Taguchi, Kazuo Ishii, and Hirofumi Akagi. "OS11W0239 Ultrasonic bending fatigue testing method for thin sheet materials." Abstracts of ATEM : International Conference on Advanced Technology in Experimental Mechanics : Asian Conference on Experimental Mechanics 2003.2 (2003): _OS11W0239. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmeatem.2003.2._os11w0239.

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3

Yotte, S., É. Lacoste, and C. Currit. "Bending Test for CMC's Toughness Testing." Key Engineering Materials 127-131 (November 1996): 799–806. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.127-131.799.

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4

Jia, Bao Xian, Wen Feng Bian, and Ning Peng. "Structural Design and Performance Testing of SMPC Deployable Hinge." Applied Mechanics and Materials 893 (July 2019): 104–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.893.104.

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SMPC (shape memory polymer composites) has many advantages as a hinge of spacedeployable antenna. The structure of the SMPC hinge is designed and tested in this paper. The basicmechanical properties of composites are calculated. Through finite element simulation, the bendingmoment of the positive and reverse of the lamella with the bending angle as the lamella with the fiberdifferent content, the bending of the lamella with different bending distances was simulated, and thecurves of bending moment with bending angle in different bending distances were obtained. Hingebending process simulation shows when the hinge begins to bend, the stress of the inner positivebending lamella is larger. The stress of the outside bending lamella increases with the increase of thebending angle. As for the relationship of moment-angle, the process of unfolding of the hinge isbasically the same as that of the lamellae. However, the hinge bending moment is much greater thanthe single layer lamella bending moment. The hinge with the structure of back-to-back can increasethe structure stiffness and the bending resilience ability. The tested moment of the hinge is similar tothe simulation result.

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Kraft, Oliver, Norbert Huber, Edouard Tioulioukovski, and Ruth Schwaiger. "OS06W0407 Mechanical testing of materials in small volumes by nanoindentation and microbeam bending." Abstracts of ATEM : International Conference on Advanced Technology in Experimental Mechanics : Asian Conference on Experimental Mechanics 2003.2 (2003): _OS06W0407. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmeatem.2003.2._os06w0407.

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6

del Prete, Antonio, Gabriele Papadia, and Teresa Primo. "Bending Testing Rig Development through CAE Tools Application." Key Engineering Materials 504-506 (February 2012): 803–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.504-506.803.

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Bending can be considered one of easier sheet metal forming processes. In fact, it represents one of the basic variants of applied deformations to metal blanks. However, the numerous research contributions dedicated to sheet metal bending that have been published over the past decade and the constant stream of announcements by R&D departments of machine constructors are strong indications that not all research challenges related to sheet metal bending have been done. This paper reports the developed activity carried out to design a bending testing rig characterized by: a working horizontal axis, a maximum bending length equal to 200 mm, a maximum applicable force equal to 80 kN. A partitioned blankholder has also been designed to allow bending operations on tailored blanks. Moreover, a Graphical User Interface hollows to set up the process parameters and the acquisition of testing data (Temperature and/or Force as function of the process time or punch stroke). CAE tools application had a strategic role to develop the best layout and to find the optimum solutions for the process variables tuning. CAE techniques have allowed to investigate and verify different layout solutions both for the bending process and the structural components of the tooling.

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7

Reeder, James R., and John H. Crews. "Mixed-mode bending method for delamination testing." AIAA Journal 28, no. 7 (July 1990): 1270–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/3.25204.

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8

Polites, Olga. "Bending the Rules of Curriculum and Testing." English Journal 83, no. 5 (September 1994): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/820406.

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9

Brugger, C., T. Palin-Luc, P. Osmond, and M. Blanc. "Ultrasonic fatigue testing device under biaxial bending." Frattura ed Integrità Strutturale 10, no. 37 (June 13, 2016): 46–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.3221/igf-esis.37.07.

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10

Velasquez, Raul, Adam Zofka, Mugurel Turos, and Mihai O. Marasteanu. "Bending beam rheometer testing of asphalt mixtures." International Journal of Pavement Engineering 12, no. 5 (October 2011): 461–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10298430903289956.

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11

Birch, Stephen M. I., Joanna Bates, Michael Bell, Katerina A. Christofidou, Claire L. Corkhill, Vanessa Hearnden, Elisa Alonso Lopez, Louise C. Mason, Amanda Southworth, and Julian S. Dean. "Bending bad—testing caramel wafer bars (#TestATunnocks)." Physics Education 56, no. 5 (June 7, 2021): 055002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6552/abfece.

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12

Kim, Cheol Woong, and Bong Su Kang. "Mechanical Performance of PRIMA OCT System under Interconnection Testing and Corpectomy Testing." Key Engineering Materials 342-343 (July 2007): 629–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.342-343.629.

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The fixation of the vertebral column using transpedicular screws is a well-establish technique. Multi-axial pedicle screw designs allow deviation of the screw away from the perpendicular to the longitudinal rod, which facilitates application of a screw-rod system such as PRIMA OCT into the curved spine. This study was performed a static (compression bending and torsion) and dynamic (compression bending fatigue) empirical analysis of PRIMA OCT component such as pedicle screw, rod and set screw based on the guideline of ASTM F136-98 using Ultra-high Molecular Weight Polyethylene (UHMWPE) blocks as test vertebral bodies.

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13

Putra, Ichsan Setya, Pham Hoang Nam, Hendri Syamsudin, Tatacipta Dirgantara, and Le Xuan Truong. "Design, Manufacturing and Testing Process of Buckling and Bending Testing Machine Using Systematic Method." Applied Mechanics and Materials 393 (September 2013): 441–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.393.441.

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In this work, a new testing machine is designed and manufactured with two main functions, i.e., buckling and bending experiment. This machine is designed for classroom demonstrations, or students working in pairs or small groups. The buckling experiment is used to show the buckling phenomenon and to determine critical buckling load for struts with pinned and clamped ends for various strut lengths. The struts for buckling test are made from aluminum alloys with section 2 mm × 20 mm and various lengths of 300mm, 350mm, 400mm, 450mm, 500mm. The bending experiment is carried out to find the flexural rigidity of a strut. The supports of strut in bending test can be changed to fixed, pinned, and rolled supports. The strut of bending test is made from aluminum alloys and common steel with section 3 mm × 20 mm and length 600 mm. Using a systematic method, the development of the machine is broken downinto 3 stages. The first stageof the systematic process is to define the specification based on requirements and objectives. In the second stage, the conceptual design is performed. It comprises the evaluation of the function to find advantages and disadvantages of the components based on the design requirements setup earlier and the comparison of the design concepts against several existing machines was made. Based on this evaluation, the final design is selected for stage 3 of the detail design stage. In this final stage, each component is designed and analyzed in detail. Based on the result of design stage, the testing machine is then manufactured in the Universitys workshop. The evaluation of the machine shows a new design that meets the requirements and objectives. The measurements of critical buckling loads and bending displacements for various strut lengths are in good agreements with analytical calculation. The margins are less than 5 percent.

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Alvarado, M., A. Romero, J. L. Ramírez, S. De la Flor, and E. Llobet. "Testing the Reliability of Flexible MOX Gas Sensors under Strain." Proceedings 14, no. 1 (June 19, 2019): 20. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2019014020.

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We present flexible chemo-resistive sensors based on AACVD grown tungsten trioxide (WO3) nanowires. The sensor response to gases, before and after a 50-cycle bending test, is reported. Thus, proving that reliable gas sensors, able to withstand repeated bending, have been achieved. Moreover, their integrity and durability have been tested under harsh bending conditions until break down.

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15

Xolin, Paul, Simon Becker, Frédéric Thiébaud, Marc Engels-Deutsch, and Tarak Ben Zineb. "Combined bending–torsion testing device for characterization of shape memory alloy endodontic files." Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures 31, no. 15 (June 26, 2020): 1763–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1045389x20932218.

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Design has an important influence on mechanical response of endodontic instruments made of shape memory alloys. The experimental and numerical prediction of their thermomechanical response is necessary to improve their behavior during operating inside root canal. Due to the curved and tapered shape of the dental canal, endodontic files are subjected to rotating bending during the root canal preparation phase. These rotative bending could ever be combined with torsion when the instruments are engined in the root canal. Bending and torsion tests available in the standard ISO 3630-1 do not take into account this combined loading leading to a response different from the one obtained by superposition of separated bending and torsion loadings. This article details the design and the realization of bending–torsion testing device particularly adapted to shape memory alloy endodontic files. It allows to control the torsion and the bending rotations in a separate or a combined way. Qualification tests using this bending–torsion testing device on NiTi wires showed a good agreement between the experimental and the simulated responses. Finally, this bending–torsion testing device allowed to analyze the response of various NiTi endodontic files, currently used in endodontics, subjected to bending, torsion, and combined bending–torsion loadings. Obtained results showed clearly that combined bending–torsion loading changes significantly the shape memory alloy file response.

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16

Loveday, Malcolm S. "Creep testing standards and the influence of bending." Materials at High Temperatures 25, no. 4 (December 2008): 277–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.3184/096034008x390611.

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17

Sengupta, Surajit, Sanjoy Debnath, and Anindita Sengupta. "Fabric bending behaviour testing instrument for technical textiles." Measurement 87 (June 2016): 205–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.measurement.2016.03.030.

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18

Cocurullo, A., G. D. Airey, A. C. Collop, and C. Sangiorgi. "Indirect tensile versus two-point bending fatigue testing." Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Transport 161, no. 4 (November 2008): 207–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1680/tran.2008.161.4.207.

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19

Schamp, Brandon S., Maayke Schurer, and Lonnie W. Aarssen. "Testing Hypotheses for Stem Bending in Tree Saplings." International Journal of Plant Sciences 168, no. 5 (June 2007): 547–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/513480.

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20

SAKAIDA, Yoshihisa, Keisuke TANAKA, and Hiroshi KAWAMOTO. "Bending Stregth of Ground Ceramics after Proof Testing." Transactions of the Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers Series A 64, no. 623 (1998): 1943–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/kikaia.64.1943.

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21

Ueki, Y. "High-speed bending-fatigue testing of composite materials." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 388 (July 19, 2018): 012008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/388/1/012008.

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22

Nordin, Håkan, and Björn Täljsten. "Testing of hybrid FRP composite beams in bending." Composites Part B: Engineering 35, no. 1 (January 2004): 27–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesb.2003.08.010.

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23

Tikhonov, A. K., and Yu M. Palagin. "Method of testing gear wheels in impact bending." Metal Science and Heat Treatment 36, no. 12 (December 1994): 655–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01401087.

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24

Healey, Laura, Montgomery Bertschy, and Wouter Hoogkamer. "Evaluating longitudinal bending stiffness testing for performance footwear." Footwear Science 13, sup1 (July 1, 2021): S5—S6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19424280.2021.1916608.

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25

Ogawa, Fumio, Yusuke Shimizu, Stefano Bressan, Takahiro Morishita, and Takamoto Itoh. "Bending and Torsion Fatigue-Testing Machine Developed for Multiaxial Non-Proportional Loading." Metals 9, no. 10 (October 18, 2019): 1115. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met9101115.

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A new fatigue-testing machine was developed to perform high-cycle multiaxial fatigue tests at 50 Hz, in order to reduce testing time. The developed machine can combine bending and torsion loading and perform fatigue tests at a high frequency, under proportional and non-proportional loading conditions, where the principal stress direction changes during a cycle. The proportional loading is cyclic bending loading, and the non-proportional loading is cyclic, combining bending and reversed torsion loading. In this study, the effectiveness of the testing machine was verified by conducting tests under these loading conditions, using specimens of type 490A hot-rolled steel and type 304 stainless steel. The fatigue life linked to bending loading obtained using the new testing machine was slightly extended compared with that obtained using the conventional fatigue-testing machine. The fatigue life derived as a result of a combination of bending and torsion was comparable to that obtained using the conventional fatigue-testing machine, although a fatigue limit reduction of 100 MPa was observed compared to the former study. The feasibility of tests using the developed multiaxial fatigue-testing machine was confirmed.

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26

DeTora, M., and K. Kraus. "Mechanical testing of 3.5 mm locking and non-locking bone plates." Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology 21, no. 04 (2008): 318–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.3415/vcot-07-04-0034.

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SummaryLocking plate technologies are being developed in order to provide the surgeon with advantages over previous bone plate systems (both locking and non-locking). Locking plate systems possess inherent biological advantages in fracture fixation by preserving the periosteal blood supply, serving as internal fixators. It is important to consider the strength of each orthopaedic implant as an important selection criterion while utilizing the reported advantages of locking plate systems to prevent catastrophic fracture failure. Mechanical testing of orthopaedic implants is a common method used to provide a surgeon with insight on mechanical capabilities, as well as to form a standardized method of plate comparison. The purpose of this study was to demonstrate and to quantify observed differences in the bending strength between the LCP (Limited Contact Plate), LC-DCP, 3.5 mm Broad LC-DCP (Limited Contact Dynamic Compression Plate), and SOP (String of Pearls) orthopaedic bone plates. The study design followed the ASTM standard test method for static bending properties of metallic bone plates, which is designed to measure mechanical properties of bone plates subjected to bending, the most common loading encountered in vivo. Single cycle four point bending was performed on each orthopaedic implant. The area moment of inertia, bending stiffness, bending strength, and bending structural stiffness were calculated for each implant. The results of this study demonstrated significant differences (p<0.001) in bending strength and stiffness between the four orthopaedic implants (3.5 Broad LC-DCP>SOP>LCP=LC-DCP). The 3.5 mm LCP should be expected to provide in vivo strength and stiffness similar to a comparable LC-DCP. The SOP should provide strength and stiffness that is greater than a comparable LC-DCP but less than a 3.5 mm Broad LC-DCP.

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27

Mesquita, Luciane R., Sheila C. Rahal, Camilo Mesquita Neto, Washington T. Kano, Antônio C. Beato, Luís G. Faria, and Maíra S. Castilho. "Development and mechanical properties of a locking T-plate." Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 37, no. 5 (May 2017): 495–501. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0100-736x2017000500012.

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ABSTRACT: This study aimed to develop a locking T-plate and to evaluate its mechanical properties in synthetic models. A titanium 2.7mm T-plate was designed with a shaft containing three locked screw holes and one dynamic compression hole, and a head with two locked screw holes. Forty T-shaped polyurethane blocks, and 20 T-plates were used for mechanical testing. Six bone-plate constructs were tested to failure, three in axial compression and three in cantilever bending. Fourteen bone-plate constructs were tested for failure in fatigue, seven in axial compression and seven in cantilever bending. In static testing higher values of axial compression test than cantilever bending test were observed for all variables. In axial compression fatigue testing all bone-plate constructs withstood 1,000,000 cycles. Four bone-plate constructs failure occurred before 1,000,000 cycles in cantilever bending fatigue testing. In conclusion, the locking T-plate tested has mechanical properties that offer greatest resistance to fracture under axial loading than bending forces.

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Melzerová, Lenka, Michal Šejnoha, and Pavel Klapálek. "Bending Tests and Simulations of GLT Beams." Applied Mechanics and Materials 611 (August 2014): 54–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.611.54.

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The paper reports on two specific research activities devoted on the one hand to detailed finite element simulations of glued timber beams with emphases on random nature of the modulus of elasticity and, on the other hand, to destructive testing of a set four glued timber beams having structural dimensions. While the stochastic simulations were founded on the knowledge of probability density distributions of the modulus of elasticity acquired from non-destructive testing of local moduli from 3600 regularly spaced indentation measurements, the destructive testing of beams in four-point bending aimed at providing information to be used a-posteriori in improving the original predictions in the framework of Bayesian statistics. In this regard the non-destructive testing together with stochastic simulations of beam deflections is assumed to provide prior information to be updated in the second Bayesian step. This, however, will be discussed elsewhere so that only necessary prerequisites are mentioned here.

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Nicosia, Mark A. "A Theoretical Framework to Analyze Bend Testing of Soft Tissue." Journal of Biomechanical Engineering 129, no. 1 (July 31, 2006): 117–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2401191.

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It has been hypothesized that repetitive flexural stresses contribute to the fatigue-induced failure of bioprosthetic heart valves. Although experimental apparatuses capable of measuring the bending properties of biomaterials have been described, a theoretical framework to analyze the resulting data is lacking. Given the large displacements present in these bending experiments and the nonlinear constitutive behavior of most biomaterials, such a formulation must be based on finite elasticity theory. We present such a theory in this work, which is capable of fitting bending moment versus radius of curvature experimental data to an arbitrary strain energy function. A simple finite element model was constructed to study the validity of the proposed method. To demonstrate the application of the proposed approach, bend testing data from the literature for gluteraldehyde-fixed bovine pericardium were fit to a nonlinear strain energy function, which showed good agreement to the data. This method may be used to integrate bending behavior in constitutive models for soft tissue.

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30

Shetty, Santosh, and Tommi Reinikainen. "Three- and Four-Point Bend Testing for Electronic Packages." Journal of Electronic Packaging 125, no. 4 (December 1, 2003): 556–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1604158.

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This study demonstrates the application of three-point and four-point bending tests for evaluating the reliability of chip scale packages under curvature loads. A three-point bend test is conducted on 0.5-mm-pitch chip-scale packages (CSPs) mounted on FR4 (Flame Retardant) substrates. This test is simulated by using the finite element method and the results are calibrated experimentally to formulate a reliability model. A three-point bend scheme is an ideal choice for generating reliability models because multiple packages can be tested under multiple loads in a single test. This reliability model can be used to predict the durability of the packages in the real product under any printed wiring board (PWB) curvature loading conditions. A four-point bending simulation is also demonstrated on the test substrate. Four-point bending test is an ideal method for testing a larger sample size of packages under a particular predefined stress level. This paper describes the bending simulation and testing on packages in a generic sense. Due to the confidentiality of the test results, the package constructional details, material properties, and the actual test data have not been presented here.

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31

Krasovskii, A. Ya, I. V. Orynyak, A. V. Naumov, and V. N. Krasiko. "Dynamics of the process of impact testing in concentrated bending. Report 2. Three-point bending." Strength of Materials 21, no. 6 (June 1989): 697–702. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01531384.

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32

Kang, Cun Feng, Chao Zhang, Chun Min Ma, and Zhi Wei Lu. "Research on Tube Bending Simulation of the Head Rotating Bending Machine." Applied Mechanics and Materials 441 (December 2013): 452–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.441.452.

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Tube has a complex structure in space, in order to machining tubes of different radius and avoid interference, a new type of Triz bending machine is developed, which has up to eight dies by moving and rotating the head of the machine. The key technology of tube coordinates transformation is solved by the vector algorithm. For the springback problem, a compensation is add to the final working parameters, which can reduce the testing time and the quantity of scraps. Finally the tube bending simulation system for the new machine is developed based on Visual Studio 2010 and Open GL.

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33

Wei, Xi, Dong Zhao, and Wei Xi Zhang. "Testing Study on the Bending Capacity of Stone Beam Reinforced with CFRP." Applied Mechanics and Materials 351-352 (August 2013): 1542–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.351-352.1542.

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After hundreds years damage, the disease of stone structure member is very severity, and so structure reinforcement has great significance. In this paper, the bending capacity of stone member reinforced with CFRP is studied through the test combined with the protective project of Huangsong Stele. The tests totally have six stone beams to study the mechanics performance and damage model of original and reinforced stone beam. The bending capacity theory of reinforced beam is discussed. The study results revealed that the bending performance of stone beam reinforced with CFRP can ameliorate greatly, and the destroy model change from brittle failure of normal section to ductile failure of oblique section, and the bend-resisting capacity of stone beam reinforced with CFRP can be enhanced greatly. But the enhanced range isnt direct proportion with the dosage of CFRP. The calculate formula of bending capacity got from theory deduce joint the test result, so it can be used to guide the design of fact project. So, the reinforcement of stone bending beam with CFRP have well effect.

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34

Toncev, Novica. "The testing of the tensil strenght concrete at bending." International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications 07, no. 07 (August 2017): 72–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.9790/9622-0707097275.

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35

Reseach Committee on Standardizatio. "Standardization for Large Deflection Rotating-bending Fatigue Testing Method." Transactions of Japan Society of Spring Engineers, no. 41 (1996): 65–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.5346/trbane.1996.65.

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36

Bakhrunov, Konstantin. "Testing of Plasticity of Protective Coatings under Pure Bending." Key Engineering Materials 712 (September 2016): 308–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.712.308.

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The work presents the results of testing of protective diffusion coatings obtained by circular chrome-aluminizing of nickel-based heat-proof alloys of grades ZhS6U, ZhS26U and ZhS32. A technique for testing plasticity of protective coatings under pure bending was suggested.

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37

Ucen, Oldrich, and Lubomir Novotny. "INNOVATION TESTING OF BENDING OF THE MACHINE-TOOL FRAMES." MM Science Journal 2016, no. 06 (December 14, 2016): 1625–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.17973/mmsj.2016_12_2016199.

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38

ISHII, Hitoshi, Yohei TAGUCHI, Kazuo ISHII, and Hirofumi AKAGI. "Ultrasonic bending fatigue testing method for thin sheet materials." Proceedings of the JSME annual meeting 2002.2 (2002): 421–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmemecjo.2002.2.0_421.

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39

Lavvafi, H., J. R. Lewandowski, and J. J. Lewandowski. "Flex bending fatigue testing of wires, foils, and ribbons." Materials Science and Engineering: A 601 (April 2014): 123–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2014.02.015.

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40

Shin, C. S., and P. C. Chen. "Fatigue crack propagation testing using subsized rotating bending specimens." Nuclear Engineering and Design 231, no. 1 (June 2004): 13–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nucengdes.2004.02.004.

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41

Hanumanna, D., S. Narayanan, and S. Krishnamurthy. "Bending fatigue testing of gear teeth under random loading." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 215, no. 7 (July 1, 2001): 773–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/0954406011524135.

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The gears in a gear box fitted in an armoured tracked vehicle for the purpose of power transmission and positioning of rotating heavy mass to the desired angle with high accuracy are subjected to fluctuating loads that are random in nature. One of the important modes of failure in cyclic loading conditions including random loads is fatigue failure. It is thus important from the design point of view to estimate the life of the gears under these conditions. The fatigue life of components subjected to sinusoidal loading can be estimated by using cumulative damage theories. Their extension to random load fatigue, though straightforward, may not be very accurate owing to inherent scatter exhibited by the fatigue phenomenon. It is therefore necessary experimentally to determine the fatigue life of randomly loaded components and establish the validity of the theoretical model. An electrohydraulic test rig has been designed and fabricated that is capable of generating different types of load pattern by adopting a suitable electronic circuit in the test rig. This paper presents the details of the test rig for random load generation, the test fixture for mounting the gear and the technique for testing the gear for bending fatigue life under random loading. A gear has been tested in the test rig under random loading conditions and also under constant amplitude conditions for bending fatigue, and the life of the gear has been obtained experimentally. Fatigue lives of the gear have also been estimated theoretically by employing linear cumulative damage theory using the peak count method.

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42

Ozkan, Istemi Faruk, and Magdi Mohareb. "Testing of Steel Pipes Under Bending, Twist, and Shear." Journal of Structural Engineering 129, no. 10 (October 2003): 1350–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9445(2003)129:10(1350).

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43

TAKASHIMA, Kazuki, Masaaki OTSU, Chiaki ICHIKAWA, and Kwang Sik KWAK. "433 Fatigue Testing of Thin Films by Bending Resonance." Proceedings of the JSME annual meeting 2008.8 (2008): 165–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmemecjo.2008.8.0_165.

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Mokhtarnia, B., M. Layeghi, S. H. Rasouli, and B. Soltangheis. "Development of a New Device for Bending Fatigue Testing." Journal of Testing and Evaluation 44, no. 4 (August 21, 2015): 20140347. http://dx.doi.org/10.1520/jte20140347.

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O'Brien, T. Kevin, Gretchen B. Murri, Rick Hagemeier, and Charles Rogers. "Combined tension and bending testing of tapered composite laminates." Applied Composite Materials 1, no. 6 (1995): 401–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00706501.

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Logvinov, A. N., V. I. Tregub, O. K. Kolerov, and V. D. Yushin. "A specimen for testing materials for bending stress relaxation." Measurement Techniques 35, no. 11 (November 1992): 1295–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01821918.

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Kondrat’eva, N. V. "Experimental testing of sheet glass strength in lateral bending." Glass and Ceramics 63, no. 1-2 (January 2006): 37–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10717-006-0030-z.

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Liu, Wenyao, Kezhen Yan, Joshua Qiang Li, and Shu Yang. "Peridynamics-based simulation of semi-circular bending (SCB) testing." Construction and Building Materials 268 (January 2021): 121190. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2020.121190.

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Panday, R., Xiao An Fu, Srihari Rajgopal, T. Lisby, S. A. Nikles, K. Najafi, and Mehran Mehregany. "Mechanical Testing of Flexible Silicon Carbide Interconnect Ribbons." Materials Science Forum 527-529 (October 2006): 1107–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.527-529.1107.

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Abstract:

This paper explores polycrystalline 3C-silicon carbide (poly-SiC) deposited by LPCVD for fabricating flexible ribbon cable interconnects for micromachined neural probes. While doped silicon is used currently, we hypothesized that poly-SiC will provide enhanced mechanical robustness due to SiC’s superior mechanical properties. Paralleling prior work in silicon, forty-two different designs were fabricated from nitrogen-doped poly-SiC films deposited by LPCVD at 900°C using dichlorosilane and acetylene as precursors. The different designs were then tested in bending and twisting modes. Curved beams were found to bend nearly 250% more than straight beams before fracture. Longer beams withstood greater bending and twisting due to greater compliance. Longer and narrower beams generally outperformed shorter beams irrespective of design. Also, doped poly-SiC beams had, on average, breaking angles that were greater than those of identical doped silicon beams by ~50% in bending and ~20% in twisting modes. The paper details the designs studied, describes the fabrication process for the test structures and compares/contrasts the testing and simulation results related to the different designs to identify best design practices.

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Sekuła, Krzysztof, and Andrzej Świercz. "Weigh-in-Motion System Testing." Key Engineering Materials 518 (July 2012): 428–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.518.428.

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Abstract:

The paper presents some results of research on the Weight-in-motion (WIM) system. The device is used for identification of loads on the road surface generated by traveling vehicles. The proposed approach utilizes the piezoelectric measurement techniques to monitor strain development in a deformable body and eventually these measurements are used for tire-pavement load identification. An advantage of the proposed concept is that no additional limitation for a vehicle velocity and direction is required in order to make the measurement feasible. The device allow to identify many parameters which can be stored for statistical and planning purposes. When an overload or an exceed in speed limit is detected the data can be sent for penalization purposes. The research includes a computer simulation of the bending plate detector using the Finite Element Method (FEM). Its objective is to validate the concept as well as to test some factors which are important with respect to the proposed load identification methodology. An experimental research involved field tests on the WIM system using a bending plate detector and inductive loops to detect a vehicle.

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