Relevant bibliographies by topics / Below-replacement fertility / Journal articles

Journal articles on the topic 'Below-replacement fertility'

To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Below-replacement fertility.
Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 30 January 2023

Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles

Select a source type:

Consult the top 50 journal articles for your research on the topic 'Below-replacement fertility.'

Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.

You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.

Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.

1

Wilson, C. "Fertility Below Replacement Level." Science 304, no. 5668 (April 9, 2004): 207c—209c. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.304.5668.207c.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

Zhao, Zhongwei, and Zhigang Guo. "China’s Below Replacement Fertility: A Further Exploration." Canadian Studies in Population 37, no. 3-4 (December 31, 2010): 525. http://dx.doi.org/10.25336/p6889n.

Full text
Abstract:
China has experienced an unprecedented fertility decline since the early 1970s. Available data show that the total fertility rate has fallen from about 6 children per woman to approximately 1.5 children in the past four decades. This change has not only greatly altered China’s demographic map, but also incited considerable discussion on the quality of China’s recent fertility data and the impact of China’s traditional culture on people’s fertility behaviour in the past and present. This paper further examines China’s recent fertility changes with a particular attention being directed to the following questions: China’s below and far below replacement fertility since the early 1990s; the reliability of China’s recent fertility data; and some historical and cultural factors that contribute to China’s rapid fertility decline.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

Schmertmann, Carl. "Stationary populations with below-replacement fertility." Demographic Research 26 (April 18, 2012): 319–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4054/demres.2012.26.14.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

McNicoll, Geoffrey. "Economic Growth with Below-Replacement Fertility." Population and Development Review 12 (1986): 217. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2807904.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

Merli, M. Giovanna, and S. Philip Morgan. "Below Replacement Fertility Preferences in Shanghai." Population (english edition) 66, no. 3 (2011): 519. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/pope.1103.0519.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
6

Striessnig, Erich, and Wolfgang Lutz. "Can below-replacement fertility be desirable?" Empirica 40, no. 3 (March 20, 2013): 409–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10663-013-9213-3.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
7

Kaplan, Hillard, Jane B. Lancaster, W. Troy Tucker, and K. G. Anderson. "Evolutionary approach to below replacement fertility." American Journal of Human Biology 14, no. 2 (February 25, 2002): 233–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ajhb.10041.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
8

Zhao, Zhongwei, Qinzi Xu, and Xin Yuan. "FAR BELOW REPLACEMENT FERTILITY IN URBAN CHINA." Journal of Biosocial Science 49, S1 (November 2017): S4—S19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021932017000347.

Full text
Abstract:
SummaryChina’s urban population has experienced rapid fertility decline over the past six decades. This drastic change will have a significant impact on China’s demographic, social and economic future. However, the patterns and characteristics of urban China’s fertility decline have not been systematically examined. This study analyses the trends and age patterns of fertility in urban China since the 1950s, and summarizes the major characteristics of reproductive behaviours into four ‘lows’: extremely ‘low’ level of fertility; ‘low’ proportion of two and higher parity births; ‘low’ mean age at birth; and ‘low’ level of childlessness. The paper argues that the highly homogenous reproductive behaviours found in China’s now near 800 million urban population have been in part shaped by the country’s unprecedented government intervention in family planning. The ‘later, longer, fewer’ campaign in the 1970s and the ‘one-child’ policy, in particular, have left clear imprints on China’s reproductive norms and fertility patterns. The government-led family planning programme, however, has not been the only driving force of fertility decline. A wide range of social, economic, political and cultural changes have also affected the transition in family formation, reproductive behaviour and fertility patterns, and this has become increasingly prominent in the past two decades.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
9

Hall, David R. "The pure relationship and below replacement fertility." Canadian Studies in Population 30, no. 1 (December 31, 2003): 51. http://dx.doi.org/10.25336/p6989z.

Full text
Abstract:
Of the many changes which have characterized the second demographic transition, shifts in fertility and union formation have attracted a great deal of interest from demographers. Despite the fact that researchers have extensively modeled recent demographic changes such as skyrocketing divorce rates, rising common-law union formation, delayed childbearing, and the decline to belowreplacement fertility levels, our understanding of the causes of these trends, and the possible connections between them remains theoretically fragmented and incomplete. The goal of this paper is to advance our understanding in this area by exploring the insights on modern family formation of prominent sociologist Anthony Giddens. Specifically, this study examines whether Giddens’ “pure relationship” concept can shed light on the trend toward very low fertility. The results of this inquiry suggest that couples in both marriages and common-law unions who conform to key aspects of Giddens pure relationship are more likely to have uncertain or below-replacement fertility intentions, and less likely to embrace above-replacement fertility goals.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
10

Boserup, Ester. "Comment: [Economic Growth with Below-Replacement Fertility]." Population and Development Review 12 (1986): 238. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2807905.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
11

Moore, Thomas Gale. "Comment: [Economic Growth with Below-Replacement Fertility]." Population and Development Review 12 (1986): 243. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2807906.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
12

Chiswick, Carmel U. "Comment: [Economic Growth with Below-Replacement Fertility]." Population and Development Review 12 (1986): 244. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2807907.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
13

Sanderson, Warren C. "Below-Replacement Fertility in Nineteenth Century America." Population and Development Review 13, no. 2 (June 1987): 305. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1973195.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
14

Saw, Swee-Hock. "A decade of fertility below replacement level in Singapore." Journal of Biosocial Science 18, no. 4 (October 1986): 395–401. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021932000016424.

Full text
Abstract:
SummaryThis paper discusses fertility trends in Singapore during the decade 1975–84. Fertility first dropped below the replacement level in 1975 when the gross reproduction rate reached 1·006, and fell further to the low of 0·772 in 1984. During the same period all of the three main races, Chinese, Malays and Indians, experienced fertility below replacement level. The shortfall in the number of births required to ensure replacement fertility increased during the decade until it approached one-quarter in 1984.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
15

INABA, Akihide. "The Family and Below-Replacement Fertility in Japan." Japanese Sociological Review 56, no. 1 (2005): 38–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4057/jsr.56.38.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
16

ATOH, Makoto. "Japan's Below-Replacement Fertility and Its Policy Responses." TRENDS IN THE SCIENCES 22, no. 8 (2017): 8_8–8_11. http://dx.doi.org/10.5363/tits.22.8_8.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
17

Hill, Allan G. "Book Review: Below-Replacement Fertility in Industrial Societies." Urban Studies 26, no. 4 (August 1989): 453. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00420988920080501.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
18

Vining Jr., Daniel R. "Below-replacement fertility in five regions of the world." Mankind Quarterly 29, no. 3 (1989): 221–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.46469/mq.1989.29.3.2.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
19

Hirschman, Charles, JooEan Tan, Aphichat Chamratrithirong, and Philip Guest. "The Path to Below Replacement-Level Fertility in Thailand." International Family Planning Perspectives 20, no. 3 (September 1994): 82. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2133509.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
20

Namboodiri, Krishnan, Kingsley Davis, Mikhail S. Bernstam, and Rita Ricardo-Campbell. "Below-Replacement Fertility in Industrial Societies: Causes, Consequences, Policies." Contemporary Sociology 17, no. 6 (November 1988): 785. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2073593.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
21

Beaujot, Roderic, Kingsley Davis, Mikhail S. Bernstam, and Rita Ricardo-Campbell. "Below-Replacement Fertility in Industrial Societies: Causes, Consequences, Policies." Canadian Public Policy / Analyse de Politiques 14, no. 2 (June 1988): 230. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3550592.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
22

Bernstam, Mikhail S. "Competitive Human Markets, Interfamily Transfers, and Below-Replacement Fertility." Population and Development Review 12 (1986): 111. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2807897.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
23

Freedman, Ronald, Ming-Cheng Chang, and Te-Hsiung Sun. "Taiwan's Transition from High Fertility to Below-Replacement Levels." Studies in Family Planning 25, no. 6 (November 1994): 317. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2137876.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
24

Caldwell, Bruce K., and John C. Caldwell. "Below-replacement fertility: Determinants and prospects in South Asia." Journal of Population Research 20, no. 1 (March 2003): 19–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf03031793.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
25

Prachuabmoh, Vipan, and Preeya Mithranon. "Below-replacement fertility in Thailand and its policy implications." Journal of Population Research 20, no. 1 (March 2003): 35–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf03031794.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
26

Saw, Swee-Hock. ""A decade of fertility below replacement level in Singapore"." Studies in Family Planning 18, no. 2 (March 1987): 115. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1966706.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
27

Morgan, S. Philip, Guo Zhigang, and Sarah R. Hayford. "China's Below-Replacement Fertility: Recent Trends and Future Prospects." Population and Development Review 35, no. 3 (September 2009): 605–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1728-4457.2009.00298.x.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
28

Cai, Yong. "China's Below-Replacement Fertility: Government Policy or Socioeconomic Development?" Population and Development Review 36, no. 3 (September 28, 2010): 419–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1728-4457.2010.00341.x.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
29

WIJESEKERE, GAMINIRATNE, and DHARMA ARUNACHALAM. "EXPLAINING THE FERTILITY PUZZLE IN SRI LANKA." Journal of Biosocial Science 47, no. 06 (January 30, 2015): 845–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021932015000012.

Full text
Abstract:
SummaryFertility transition in Sri Lanka began in the mid-1960s and the declining trend continued over the decades. The Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) of 2000 showed the total fertility rate (TFR) reaching 1.9 births per woman, a level below replacement fertility. The next DHS of 2006/7 showed a TFR of 2.3. Some have interpreted this pattern as indicating a reversal of the fertility transition. This paper casts doubts on the below-replacement fertility revealed in the 2000 survey.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
30

Mitra, S. "Below Replacement Fertility, Net International Migration and Canada's Future Population." Canadian Studies in Population 19, no. 1 (December 31, 1992): 27. http://dx.doi.org/10.25336/p6kg6c.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
31

Mitra, S. "Can Immigration Affect Age Composition When Fertility is Below Replacement?" Canadian Studies in Population 19, no. 2 (December 31, 1992): 163. http://dx.doi.org/10.25336/p6xs3f.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
32

Coale, Ansley J. "Demographic Effects of Below-Replacement Fertility and Their Social Implications." Population and Development Review 12 (1986): 203. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2807903.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
33

Mitra, S. "Immigration, below-Replacement Fertility, and Long-Term National Population Trends." Demography 27, no. 1 (February 1990): 121. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2061557.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
34

Zhenzhen, Zheng, Yong Cai, Wang Feng, and Gu Baochang. "BELOW-REPLACEMENT FERTILITY AND CHILDBEARING INTENTION IN JIANGSU PROVINCE, CHINA." Asian Population Studies 5, no. 3 (November 1, 2009): 329–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17441730903351701.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
35

Lieming, Fang, Ekaterina Shatalova, and Irina E. Kalabikhina. "Determinants of regional fertility in China during the first years of reaching below-replacement fertility." BRICS Journal of Economics 3, no. 3 (October 5, 2022): 101–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/brics-econ.3.e83259.

Full text
Abstract:
China reached a stable below-replacement fertility in the middle of 1990s. The turn of this century saw the population development gap in various regions across China expanding, the total fertility rate (TFR) shrinking and remaining at a relatively lower level with the passage of time. Based on China’s official statistics, the authors analyzed the characteristics of the total fertility rate at each stage of the population policy adjustment (1970s, 1982-2013, after 2013), in particular, in the regional aspect. The sub-stage of 1995-2010 – the first years of below-replacement fertility – were considered closely in sense of determinants of regional gaps in fertility. With the help of quantitative analysis, it can be proved that regional per capita GDP (wealth level) has significant links with fertility rate. The higher the per capita GDP, the lower the fertility rate. The authors concluded that the regional total fertility rates and per capita GDP were inversely related, and per capita GDP was the factor that had the greatest correlation with the regional total fertility rate. To increase the regional fertility rate, it is necessary not only to relax the family planning policy, but also to implement incentive policies related to human fertility and to strengthen social, economic, demographic, and cultural constructions.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
36

Hd., J., Griffith Feeney, and Yvan Jianhup. "Below Replacement Fertility in China? A Close Look at Recent Evidence." Population (French Edition) 50, no. 2 (March 1995): 513. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1534212.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
37

Feeney, Griffith, and Yuan Jianhua. "Below Replacement Fertility in China? A Close Look at Recent Evidence." Population Studies 48, no. 3 (November 1994): 381–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0032472031000147926.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
38

Yi, Zeng. "Is Fertility in China in 1991–92 Far Below Replacement Level?" Population Studies 50, no. 1 (March 1996): 27–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0032472031000149026.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
39

Ching-lung, Tsay. "Below-replacement fertility and prospects for labour force growth in Taiwan." Journal of Population Research 20, no. 1 (March 2003): 67–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf03031796.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
40

Carioli, Alessandra, Joaquin Recaño Valverde, and Daniel Devolder. "The changing geographies of fertility in Spain (1981-2018)." Investigaciones Regionales - Journal of Regional Research 50 (July 7, 2021): 147–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.38191/iirr-jorr.21.015.

Full text
Abstract:
The objective of this article is to investigate the variation of fertility across Spain’s geographic areas between 1981 and 2018, to highlight spatial change over three decades of major fertility transformations. During the last decades, Spanish fertility decreased considerably to below replacement levels. Although total fertility remains below replacement level in Spain, there are important differences in subnational trends that seem to concentrate around certain areas. Starting from the assumption that there is fertility diversity across the country, which persists over time and such variation is not random but rather spatially driven, we aim to describe the divergence from national trends and analyse the dynamics of spatial patterns of fertility over time with spatial analysis tools. Using from Spanish municipality data, we use 910 territorial units that ensure spatial contiguity and construct yearly fertility indicators derived from census and register data, encompassing fertility by age, birth order, and age at childbirth. We investigate the spatial patterns of fertility and their changes over time, by means of spatial and correlogram analysis, exploring the effects of neighborhood definitions. Results confirm the presence of spatial autocorrelation for all variables throughout the considered timeframe, both at global and local scale. The considered time frame depicts substantial changes in the distribution of low and high fertility clusters, reshaping the geographical distribution of fertility in Spain, with big metropolitan areas as leaders in high fertility, as childbearing is deeply impacted by labor market covariates. The fertility decline in Spain has driven total fertility to below replacement levels in a short period of time, shifting the classical North-South divide of low-high fertility into an East-West clustering, with economic centres such as cities becoming the new focal points of higher fertility. The descriptive and econometric spatial approaches adopted in this article, together with the detailed data available for this study, make it possible to appreciate the scale of fertility changes across the country, its heterogeneity across regions, and the evolution of fertility determinants over time.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
41

George, M. V. "The Fertility Decline in India’s Kerala State: A Unique Example of Below Replacement Fertility in a High Fertility Country." Canadian Studies in Population 37, no. 3-4 (December 31, 2010): 563. http://dx.doi.org/10.25336/p6x89j.

Full text
Abstract:
This paper attempts to fill a gap in an updated study of the rapid fertility decline in Kerala, which has evoked world wide interest, using historical and recent data from direct and indirect sources. The three determinants of fertility decline – changes in age at marriage; the use of effective family planning methods as a result of the state’s aggressive family planning program; and the unique Kerala characteristics - have contributed to the fall in fertility. Additional insights are provided by comparing this with similar fertility decline in six countries of the region.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
42

HASHMI, AAMIR RAFIQUE, and WEN JIE MOK. "DETERMINANTS OF LOW FERTILITY IN SINGAPORE: EVIDENCE FROM A HOUSEHOLD SURVEY." Singapore Economic Review 58, no. 04 (December 2013): 1350023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217590813500239.

Full text
Abstract:
Below-replacement fertility is a common problem among the rich countries with far-reaching economic and social implications. The problem is more acute in some economically fast-growing Asian countries where the fertility decline has been more rapid and the current fertility rates have reached levels that are unprecedented in recent history. In this paper, data from a unique household survey have been used to understand the determinants of low fertility in one such country: Singapore. The total fertility rate in Singapore has dropped from 4.7 children per woman in 1965 to 1.2 in 2011. This is well below the replacement level of 2.1 and one of the lowest in the world. The authors identify three key determinants of fertility in Singapore: (1) age at marriage; (2) household income; and (3) number of siblings' children. They find that fertility is negatively related to age at marriage and positively related to the number of siblings' children. The relationship between fertility and household income is U-shaped: the relationship is negative for household incomes of up to S$21 000 (in 2010 Singapore dollars) and positive for higher incomes.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
43

Heer, David M. "Immigration as a Counter to Below-Replacement Fertility in the United States." Population and Development Review 12 (1986): 262. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2807909.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
44

Schmertmann, Carl P. "Immigrants' Ages and the Structure of Stationary Populations with Below-Replacement Fertility." Demography 29, no. 4 (November 1992): 595. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2061854.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
45

Tsuya, Noriko. "Social and Economic Factors of Japan's Below-Replacement Fertility in Comparative Perspective." TRENDS IN THE SCIENCES 9, no. 7 (2004): 14–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.5363/tits.9.7_14.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
46

Chen, Jiajian, Robert D. Retherford, Minja Kim Choe, Li Xiru, and Hu Ying. "PROVINCE-LEVEL VARIATION IN THE ACHIEVEMENT OF BELOW-REPLACEMENT FERTILITY IN CHINA." Asian Population Studies 5, no. 3 (November 1, 2009): 309–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17441730903351651.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
47

Abbasi-Shavazi, Mohammad Jalal, Meimanat Hosseini-Chavoshi, and Peter McDonald. "The path to below replacement fertility in the Islamic Republic of Iran." Asia-Pacific Population Journal 22, no. 2 (June 16, 2007): 91–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.18356/1d5d44c7-en.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
48

Gubhaju, Bhakta B., and Yoshie Moriki-Durand. "Below-replacement fertility in east and southeast asia: Consequences and policy responses." Journal of Population Research 20, no. 1 (March 2003): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf03031792.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
49

Edmonston, Barry. "Canadian Provincial Population Growth: Fertility, Migration, and Age Structure Effects." Canadian Studies in Population 36, no. 1-2 (December 31, 2009): 111. http://dx.doi.org/10.25336/p6d615.

Full text
Abstract:
The effect of changes in rates of mortality, fertility, and migration depend not only on the age-specific patterns and levels of these rates, but on the age structure of the population. In order to remove the influences of the age structure and concentrate on the impact of the demographic rates themselves, a common practice is to analyze the influences of the rates for a standard age structure. This paper adapts the general approach of using a standard age structure to a stationary population equivalent (SPE) model, and analyzes current population change, using the SPE model, for provinces of Canada. Below-replacement fertility levels are only partially offset by net immigration. The SPE model evidences the decrease in the eventual provincial populations brought about by the below replacement fertility. Out-migration for some provinces to other areas of Canada accentuates their eventual population decreases.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
50

Chiswick, Barry R. "Comment: [Immigration as a Counter to Below-Replacement Fertility in the United States]." Population and Development Review 12 (1986): 269. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2807910.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
We offer discounts on all premium plans for authors whose works are included in thematic literature selections. Contact us to get a unique promo code!

To the bibliography