Academic literature on the topic 'Beliefs about social structure'

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Journal articles on the topic "Beliefs about social structure"

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Haslam, Nick, and Sheri R. Levy. "Essentialist Beliefs About Homosexuality: Structure and Implications for Prejudice." Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin 32, no. 4 (April 2006): 471–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0146167205276516.

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Gershman, Samuel J., and Mina Cikara. "Social-Structure Learning." Current Directions in Psychological Science 29, no. 5 (July 27, 2020): 460–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0963721420924481.

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Social-structure learning is the process by which social groups are identified on the basis of experience. Building on models of structure learning in other domains, we formalize this problem within a Bayesian framework. According to this framework, the probabilistic assignment of individuals to groups is computed by combining information about individuals with prior beliefs about group structure. Experiments with adults and children provide support for this framework, ruling out alternative accounts based on dyadic similarity. More broadly, we highlight the implications of social-structure learning for intergroup cognition, stereotype updating, and coalition formation.
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Fadda, Daniela, L. Francesca Scalas, Alexandre J. S. Morin, Herbert W. Marsh, and Hanna Gaspard. "Value Beliefs About Math." European Journal of Psychological Assessment 36, no. 2 (March 2020): 259–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/1015-5759/a000513.

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Abstract. This study proposed an improved representation of the factor structure of the Gaspard et al. (2015) value beliefs about math scale relying on bifactor exploratory structural equation modeling (B-ESEM). Using a convenience sample of 537 Italian students (327 males; Mage = 18.2), our results supported the superiority of a B-ESEM solution including nine specific factors (intrinsic, importance of achievement, personal importance, utility for school/job, utility for life, social utility, effort required, opportunity cost, and emotional cost) and one global value factor. The results further revealed that the specific factors (with the exception of personal importance) retained meaning over and above participants’ global levels of value. Finally, our results confirmed that global value beliefs predicted career aspirations, whereas expectancies of success remained the strongest predictor of math achievement.
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Kim, Seoyong, and Sunhee Kim. "The Crisis of Public Health and Infodemic: Analyzing Belief Structure of Fake News about COVID-19 Pandemic." Sustainability 12, no. 23 (November 26, 2020): 9904. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12239904.

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False information about COVID-19 is being produced and disseminated on a large scale, impeding efforts to rapidly impose quarantines. Thus, in addition to the COVID-19 pandemic itself, an infodemic related with it is leading to social crises. This study therefore investigates who believes the misinformation that is being produced in the context of COVID-19. We choose two main factors—risk perception factor, so called psychometric paradigm, and communication factor—as independent variables that can affect belief in misinformation related to COVID-19. The results show that, among psychometric variables, perceived risk and stigma positively impact belief in fake news, whereas perceived benefit and trust have negative effects. Among communication factors, source credibility and the quantity of information reduce belief in fake news, whereas the credibility of information sources increases these beliefs. Stigma has the greatest explanatory power among the variables, followed by health status, heuristic information processing, trust, and subjective social class.
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Gampa, Anup, Sean P. Wojcik, Matt Motyl, Brian A. Nosek, and Peter H. Ditto. "(Ideo)Logical Reasoning: Ideology Impairs Sound Reasoning." Social Psychological and Personality Science 10, no. 8 (March 5, 2019): 1075–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1948550619829059.

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Beliefs shape how people interpret information and may impair how people engage in logical reasoning. In three studies, we show how ideological beliefs impair people’s ability to (1) recognize logical validity in arguments that oppose their political beliefs and (2) recognize the lack of logical validity in arguments that support their political beliefs. We observed belief bias effects among liberals and conservatives who evaluated the logical soundness of classically structured logical syllogisms supporting liberal or conservative beliefs. Both liberals and conservatives frequently evaluated the logical structure of entire arguments based on the believability of arguments’ conclusions, leading to predictable patterns of logical errors. As a result, liberals were better at identifying flawed arguments supporting conservative beliefs and conservatives were better at identifying flawed arguments supporting liberal beliefs. These findings illuminate one key mechanism for how political beliefs distort people’s abilities to reason about political topics soundly.
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Enders, Adam M., Joseph E. Uscinski, Casey A. Klofstad, Michelle I. Seelig, Stefan Wuchty, Manohar N. Murthi, Kamal Premaratne, and John R. Funchion. "Do conspiracy beliefs form a belief system? Examining the structure and organization of conspiracy beliefs." Journal of Social and Political Psychology 9, no. 1 (June 29, 2021): 255–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.5964/jspp.5649.

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Despite regular reference to conspiracy theories as a “belief system,” few studies have attempted to explore the structure and organization of conspiracy beliefs beyond an examination of correlations between those beliefs. Employing unique data from two national surveys that includes respondent beliefs in 27 conspiracy theories, we decipher the substantive dimensions along which conspiracy beliefs are organized, as well as subgroupings within those dimensions. We find that variation in these conspiracy beliefs can be accounted for with two dimensions: the first regards partisan and ideological identities, while the other is composed of anti-social orientations, such as narcissism, Machiavellianism, psychopathy, and acceptance of political violence. Importantly, these two dimensions are uncorrelated. We also find that conspiracy beliefs group together by substantive content, such as those regarding partisan actors or science/medicine. Our findings also demonstrate that inferences about the correlates of conspiracy beliefs are highly contingent on the specific conspiracy theories employed by researchers. We provide suggestions for future research in this vein.
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Noyes, Alexander, Frank C. Keil, and Yarrow Dunham. "Institutional actors: Children’s emerging beliefs about the causal structure of social roles." Developmental Psychology 56, no. 1 (January 2020): 70–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/dev0000847.

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Woolley, Jacqueline D., and Jean A. Dunham. "Children’s Beliefs about Miracles." Journal of Cognition and Culture 17, no. 1-2 (February 8, 2017): 73–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15685373-12342192.

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The goal of the present study was to assess the nature and development of children’s concepts of miracles — their understanding of what miracles are, their beliefs in miracles, and their use of miracles as an explanatory device. A total of 36 7–12-year-old children attending an Episcopal school were given a combination of tasks and structured interview questions. Parents filled out a family religiosity questionnaire. Results revealed multi-faceted conceptions of miracles, along with a high level of belief, and indicated that children considered miracles an effective explanatory construct. We apply these findings to the general question of how children learn to explain their world.
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Hammond, Matthew D., and Andrei Cimpian. "Investigating the cognitive structure of stereotypes: Generic beliefs about groups predict social judgments better than statistical beliefs." Journal of Experimental Psychology: General 146, no. 5 (May 2017): 607–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/xge0000297.

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McLeod, Jane D., and Lydia DiSabatino. "Structured Variation in Parental Beliefs about Autism." Journal of Health and Social Behavior 60, no. 1 (January 7, 2019): 36–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022146518820581.

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We used data from the 2011 Survey of Pathways to Diagnosis and Services (N = 1,420) to evaluate a conceptual model linking social background (race-ethnicity, socioeconomic status [SES]) to parental distress through children’s clinical profiles and parental beliefs about the nature and causes of their child’s autism. Children’s clinical profiles varied by social background; white children and children of more highly educated and affluent parents were less likely to experience comorbid conditions and were more likely to be diagnosed with Asperger’s. Parental beliefs also varied such that parents of racial-ethnic minority children and parents of lower SES perceived their child’s condition as more uncertain and were less likely to attribute it to genetic causes. Parents of Hispanic children and with lower incomes were more likely to be upset by the child’s condition. Although parental beliefs had independent associations with distress, children’s clinical profiles contributed more to explaining variation in distress.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Beliefs about social structure"

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Evans, G. A. "Causal explanation, social class and perceived efficacy." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.235066.

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Miller, Kevin P. "Essentialist beliefs about homosexuality, attitudes toward gay men and lesbians, and religiosity change within a structure of interconnected beliefs /." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1211408615.

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Mercan, Fatih C. "Epistemological beliefs of physics undergraduate and graduate students and faculty in the context of a well-structured and an ill-structured problem." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1172263722.

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Acklin, Abraham I. "Beliefs About Fatherhood Among Social Workers." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2016. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd/371.

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This research was conducted to study the beliefs about fatherhood among social workers. Data for this project were gathered through separate interviews which were conducted using a sample of five individual social workers that worked with children and families. The participants were asked a series of questions regarding their beliefs about fatherhood. Ultimately, this study found that social workers believe that fathers are important and can contribute to their children’s lives in a healthy manner through emotional, educational, and financial support. The results from this study suggest that fathers play an important role in their children’s lives and greatly contribute to their emotional, mental, financial, educational, health, and overall well being. This study also suggests that though fathers are held in high regard by the social workers in this research study, there is still a pressing need for resources and programs for fathers that support the father/child relationship. Finally, suggestions for future study include the need for quality programs focused on the needs of fathers, training for staff to involve and engage fathers, and to identify the barriers obstructing father involvement.
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Nunez, Guero. "BELIEFS ABOUT RESPITE AMONG CAREGIVERS." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2016. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd/298.

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The emphasis of this research was to evaluate the beliefs about respite among caregivers of the clients associated with Inland Caregiver Resource Center. The caregivers of the elderly and those who suffer from Alzheimer’s and dementia, or suffer from traumatic brain injury that was organic in nature were the population of interest. These caregivers were unpaid persons who help to keep those with such conditions at home as long as possible. This study used an exploratory pilot survey instrument to assess the perception of benefit of respite used as seen from the view of the caregiver. The primary theory used to support this project was Abraham H. Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs. Data analysis used standard statistical methodology. The benefit to the profession of social work was seen in the addition of knowledge to the fast growing field of organizational respite services. The results of the research indicated that when respite was seen as beneficial the caregiver was more able to complete activities while using respite, the caregiver believed the person or agency who cared for their loved one was professional and trusting, and the care receiver was treaded well and was more easier to care for after being cared for by another person or agency.
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Harris, Tavon Antonio. "BELIEFS ABOUT SOCIAL WORKERS AMONG BLACK MALES." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2016. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd/365.

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It’s been more than a decade since the National Institute of Mental Health (NAMI) initiated its public campaign, ‘Real Men Real Depression.’ Despite increased awareness, research and relevant studies indicate that African American / Black men continue to underutilize mental health treatment while still having the highest all-cause mortality rates of any racial/ ethnic group in the United States. When reading this statement, one must question what impact that the beliefs about ‘social workers’ through the lens of Black males in the United States, may play. This very simply, yet flammable, question not only seems pertinent but also seems to warrant further exploration due to the research that shows that service access and help-seeking by African-American males across the lifespan is significantly lower than that of their non-Black counterparts. That same research seems to make assumptions about why this is, however it is only responsible and ethical, given the National Association of Social workers’ (NASW) Code of Ethics calling for cultural competence in practice, that we challenge and test the rationales being offered. This study was exploratory in nature, employed a snowball sampling methodology, and utilized an electronic survey offered through social media and promoted by word of mouth, targeting Black males over the age of 18, to assess their overall knowledge about being a social worker, and their beliefs and perceptions about social workers and how they believe social workers perceive them. The goal of this study was to begin to explore the reasons for overwhelming statistics that speak to the fact that Black males do not access mental health services, especially those provided by social workers. A total of 59 were started, and 43 completed, by the target respondents, which included a 5-item scale, to assess basic knowledge about social workers, a 10-item scale to assess the general beliefs about social workers, and 13-item scale to assess the beliefs about the perceptions of social workers about Black males. Univariate and bivariate analyses were performed using SPSS, and the results revealed that although there was a moderate level of general knowledge about social workers, the general belief of the respondents were primarily negative, with their beliefs about how social workers see Black males was just slightly more positive. These results seemed to be across the board and were not shown to be correlated with level of education, income, or whether they has received direct services provided by social workers or had no affiliation with such services. What did seem to have some relevance was an overall negative belief about social workers, and a level of suspicion and distrust for how their information would be used, as evidenced by 16 respondents who started the survey but would not completed it. In keeping with the NASW Code of Ethics, recommendation are provided to helps clinicians and those social workers providing direct service, be informed of the suspicions and apprehensions among this population, while encouraging the importance of continuous learning and increasing of cultural competence, awareness and humility. Lastly, recommendations for future research are also provided for the same purposes.
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Coker, Suzanne Patricia, and s. coker@cqu edu au. "A Positive Psychological Perspective of the Direct and Indirect Influences of Gender Role Schema and the Experience of Childhood Trauma on Psychological, Physical, and Social Well-Being in Adulthood." Central Queensland University. Department of Psychology and Sociology, 2007. http://library-resources.cqu.edu.au./thesis/adt-QCQU/public/adt-QCQU20071016.145424.

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This research assessed psychosocial and cognitive factors influencing well-being, utilising a positive psychological perspective. The theoretical framework of this research was provided by two of the sub-theories of Self-Determination Theory – Basic Needs Theory and Organismic Integration Theory – along with Gender Role Theory, and Beck’s Cognitive Triad, with each of these theories relating differentially to the concept of control or self-determination. More specifically, the current research examined the relationship between gender role schema and the experience of childhood trauma with psychological, physical, and social well-being in adults. Two studies were conducted. Study 1 employed a random sample of 410 participants from Central Queensland, Australia, to develop the World Beliefs Inventory (WBI). This 21-item inventory was developed to assess world beliefs, based on a translation of Aerts et al.’s (1994) philosophical conceptualisation of world beliefs into common terminology. Developing the WBI enabled the assessment of world beliefs, which along with beliefs about oneself (operationalised as perceived control), and the future (dispositional optimism) constitute Beck’s (1976) cognitive triad. Statistical analyses indicated that the inventory provided a good representation of the world beliefs construct, as well as possessing favourable concurrent validity (e.g., positive views regarding the nature of the world were associated with decreased frequency of depressive symptoms experienced, and greater general psychological health and self-esteem). Study 2 was designed to investigate the direct and indirect relationships between gender role schema (masculinity and femininity) and the experience of childhood trauma with psychological, physical, and social well-being, being mediated by (a) the satisfaction of the basic psychological needs for autonomy, competence, and relatedness, (b) beliefs about the world, oneself, and the future, (c) the self-regulation of withholding negative emotion (SRWNE), and (d) somatic amplification. Study 2 employed a separate random sample of 605 participants from Central Queensland. Psychological, physical, and social well-being were each assessed independently to determine whether patterns of significant relationships were similar or different across the different types of well-being. In order to test the theories underlying the structural models of well-being, five hierarchical models of each type of well-being were analysed and compared. Satisfaction of the basic psychological needs for autonomy, competence, and relatedness, and beliefs about the future (dispositional optimism) were found to play a role in the process via which masculinity, femininity, and the experience of childhood trauma influenced all three forms of well-being, while world beliefs were additionally found to influence social well-being, and the SRWNE additionally influenced physical well-being. Results therefore support Basic Needs Theory and provide partial support for Beck’s cognitive triad. They also provide evidence of the utility of the concept of the SRWNE, which was developed in accordance with Organismic Integration Theory.
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Pelayo, Aida Araceli. "BELIEFS ABOUT RELIGION AND SPIRITUALITY AMONG SOCIAL WORKERS." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2016. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd/334.

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The present study focused on the social workers perspectives regarding the integration of religion and spirituality in therapy. Understanding these components will expand the knowledge of social workers and it will enhance the therapeutic relationship among clients and clinicians. It also allows social workers to provide a comprehensive service to a multicultural and diverse population. In order to provide a holistic approach, social workers need to address the issues of clients through a biopsychosocial perspective that includes religion and spirituality. For the most part, religious and spiritual people use these components in their daily lives to cope with unanswerable questions of life. Then, social workers may utilize these concepts as coping mechanisms when treating clients. Eight participants provided their professional experiences regarding the integration of religion and spirituality in therapy and its effectiveness. Participants for this study average 17.6 years of experience. Participants have extensive experience in providing individual counseling and group therapy. Participants are from various educational background, ethnicity, age and gender.
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Cometa, Lisa. "Consumer Beliefs About Green Hotels." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1331918204.

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Ashford, Dimitri Shabree. "BELIEFS ABOUT SELF-CARE AMONG ONCOLOGY PROVIDERS." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2014. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd/54.

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The research question in this project explores self-care practices that oncology providers utilize to manage stress, burnout, and compassion fatigue in their work environment. As an exploratory study, this research project examines self-care practices among the oncology providers and how self-care relates to the quality of patient care. The survey provided to the participants focused on the individual well-being such as spiritual, social support, physical, and emotional support. Findings from this study indicated that oncologist utilize spiritual self-care more than any other medical professional. The older adults utilize their social support systems more than the younger adults. Individuals with three or more children are better at utilizing their social support, physical self-care, and emotional support systems than individuals with two or less children.
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Books on the topic "Beliefs about social structure"

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Wilson, Monica Hunter. Witch beliefs and social structure. [Indianapolis: Bobbs-Merrill], 1951.

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Marcus, Alan M. The structure of popular beliefs about alcoholism. Toronto: Addiction Research Foundation, 1963.

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Crimmins, Mark. Talk about beliefs. Cambridge, Mass: MIT Press, 1992.

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Savage, Minot J. Beliefs about man. London: Trübner & Co., 1882.

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Wood, Douglas. Beliefs about alcohol. London: Health Education Council, 1986.

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Savage, Minot J. Beliefs about man. Boston: G.H. Ellis, 1882.

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Kalaja, Paula, and Ana Maria Ferreira Barcelos, eds. Beliefs about SLA. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-4751-0.

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Political beliefs about the structure of government: Congress and the Presidency. Beverly Hills: Sage Publications, 1974.

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Savage, Minot J. Beliefs about the Bible. Boston: Geo. H. Ellis, 1891.

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Beliefs about the Bible. Boston: G. H. Ellis, 1883.

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Book chapters on the topic "Beliefs about social structure"

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Schnittker, Jason. "Public Beliefs About Mental Illness." In Handbooks of Sociology and Social Research, 75–93. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-4276-5_5.

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Tracy L., Cross. "Examining Beliefs About the Gifted 1." In On the Social and Emotional Lives of Gifted Children, 5–8. 5th ed. New York: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003236900-2.

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Esfeld, Michael. "From Social Holism to Holism about Beliefs." In Holism in Philosophy of Mind and Philosophy of Physics, 69–101. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-1787-8_3.

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Dewing, Jan, Brendan McCormack, and Angie Titchen. "Knowing and Demonstrating Values and Beliefs about Person-Centred Care." In Practice Development Workbook for Nursing, Health and Social Care Teams, 17–38. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119180395.ch2.

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Xu, Zhangrun. "Social Structure: Lisu, Qingyi and Law." In The Confucian Misgivings--Liang Shu-ming’s Narrative About Law, 23–40. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-4530-1_2.

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Stacey, Meg. "About Genetics: Aspects of Social Structure Worth Considering." In Culture, Kinship and Genes, 231–44. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-25882-6_18.

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Widgery, Robin. "A Three-Decade Comparison of Residents’ Opinions on and Beliefs about Life in Genesee County, Michigan." In Social Indicators Research Series, 153–82. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-2202-9_7.

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Jonker, Jan, and Niels Faber. "Speaking of Transition." In Organizing for Sustainability, 1–17. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-78157-6_1.

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AbstractWe are confronted with increasingly pressing questions about economic and social transition. Things have to change, but how? We believe that this change is concerned with three closely related challenges, which we call the triple transition—climate, energy, and circularity. These challenges combined result in a call for radical and major changes in the configuration of our economies and for the reconsideration and redesign of our systems. The fact remains that we live in organized societies and economies in which together we need to shape these transitions. Central to this book stands the premise that transition requires new forms of value creation materialized in the new generation of sustainable and circular business models. To make this possible the Business Model Template (BMT) was developed. The purpose of this chapter is to introduce you to the structure and style of this book and how the BMT is presented in the various chapters.
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O’Connor, Cailin, and James Owen Weatherall. "False Beliefs and the Social Structure of Science: Some Models and Case Studies." In Groupthink in Science, 37–48. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-36822-7_4.

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Shek, Daniel T. L. "A Longitudinal Study of Chinese Cultural Beliefs about Adversity, Psychological Well-Being, Delinquency and Substance Abuse in Chinese Adolescents with Economic Disadvantage." In Social Indicators Research Series, 385–409. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-3602-7_13.

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Conference papers on the topic "Beliefs about social structure"

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O'Hara, Lily, Bayan Alajaimi, and Bayan Alshowaikh. "Experiences of Weight-based Oppression in Qatar." In Qatar University Annual Research Forum & Exhibition. Qatar University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.29117/quarfe.2020.0187.

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Introduction: Weight-based oppression is a widespread phenomenon in Western countries. External sources of weight-based oppression include exposure to stigmatizing or exclusionary social, cultural, economic, political and built environments, weight bias and discrimination, and weight-based bullying and violence. Internal sources of weight-based oppression are the internalized negative attitudes, values and beliefs people hold about body weight. Weight-based oppression is associated with a range of psychological, physiological and behavioral harms such as depression, anxiety, disordered eating, hypertension, allostatic load, cortisol reactivity and oxidative stress. Research on weight-based oppression is largely absent from the Arab region. The objectives of the study were to examine the internalized attitudes, values and beliefs related to body weight, and experiences of external weight based oppression, including teasing, bullying, stigmatization, and discrimination among staff, faculty and students at Qatar University. Methods: We conducted in-depth semi-structured interviews with 29 participants (25 females) aged 18 to 53 years who were recruited using convenience and snowball sampling. Thematic analysis was used to identify major themes. Results: Internal and external weight-based oppression were experienced by all participants and regarded as so common in Arabic culture as to be normative. There were five major themes that related to the various types of weight based oppression experiences, internalized feelings about weight based oppression, and the timing, source and impact of weight based oppression. Conclusion: Weight-based oppression in the Arab region is an important and unrecognized public health issue. Programs should be developed to reduce exposure to weightbased oppression in all sectors. Reducing teasing, bullying and negative experiences related to body weight in childhood should be a public health priority.
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Upal, M. Afzal. "The Structure of False Social Beliefs." In 2007 IEEE Symposium on Artificial Life. IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/alife.2007.367807.

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Riordan, Brian, Heather Wade, and Afzal Upal. "Detecting Sociostructural Beliefs about Group Status Differences in Online Discussions." In Proceedings of the Joint Workshop on Social Dynamics and Personal Attributes in Social Media. Stroudsburg, PA, USA: Association for Computational Linguistics, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.3115/v1/w14-2701.

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Rasskazova, Elena. "Social Beliefs About Complaints In Interpersonal Communication And Subjective Pain." In Psychology of Personality: Real and Virtual Context. European Publisher, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.15405/epsbs.2020.11.02.80.

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Nurhayati, Nunung, Obay Jambari, Berita Mambarasi Nehe, Habib Cahyono, Puji Siswanto, and Arief Styo Nugroho. "EFL Teachers’ Beliefs and Practices About Learner Autonomy." In 1st Paris Van Java International Seminar on Health, Economics, Social Science and Humanities (PVJ-ISHESSH 2020). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.210304.025.

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Anwar, Rully Khairul, Edwin Rizal, and M. Taufiq Rahman. "Consideration of Parents’ Beliefs about Guiding Children’s Usage of the Internet." In International Conference on Contemporary Social and Political Affairs. SCITEPRESS - Science and Technology Publications, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0008818901950199.

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Dissanayake, Malathie, Shanmukh Kamble, and Appasaheb Patil. "BELIEFS ABOUT EMOTIONS: THE ROLE OF VALUING POSITIVE EMOTIONS IN PERSONAL WELL-BEING." In International Conference on Social Sciences. The International Institute of Knowledge Management - TIIKM, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.17501/2357268x.2018.5102.

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Allen, Warren, and Abigail Philips. "Consensus Analysis of Shared Beliefs Among Young Adults About Anonymity in Social Media." In SMSociety '18: International Conference on Social Media and Society. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3217804.3217893.

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Racz, Aleksandar. "NURSES, PHYSIOTHERAPISTS AND SANITARY ENGINEERS ATTITUDES AND BELIEFS ABOUT COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE." In 6th SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific Conferences on SOCIAL SCIENCES and ARTS Proceedings. STEF92 Technology, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgemsocial2019v/2.1/s13.055.

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Dinev, Tamara. "Internet Users' Beliefs about Government Surveillance The Role of Social Awareness and Internet Literacy." In 2008 41st Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences. IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/hicss.2008.216.

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Reports on the topic "Beliefs about social structure"

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DeJaeghere, Joan, Vu Dao, Bich-Hang Duong, and Phuong Luong. Inequalities in Learning in Vietnam: Teachers’ Beliefs About and Classroom Practices for Ethnic Minorities. Research on Improving Systems of Education (RISE), February 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.35489/bsg-rise-wp_2021/061.

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Global and national education agendas are concerned with improving quality and equality of learning outcomes. This paper provides an analysis of the case of Vietnam, which is regarded as having high learning outcomes and less inequality in learning. But national data and international test outcomes may mask the hidden inequalities that exist between minoritized groups and majority (Kinh) students. Drawing on data from qualitative videos and interviews of secondary teachers across 10 provinces, we examine the role of teachers’ beliefs, curricular design and actions in the classroom (Gale et al., 2017). We show that teachers hold different beliefs and engage in curricular design – or the use of hegemonic curriculum and instructional practices that produce different learning outcomes for minoritized students compared to Kinh students. It suggests that policies need to focus on the social-cultural aspects of teaching in addition to the material and technical aspects.
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Mayande, Nitin. Network Structure, Network Flows and the Phenomenon of Influence in Online Social Networks: An Exploratory Empirical Study of Twitter Conversations about YouTube Product Categories. Portland State University Library, January 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/etd.2463.

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Dutra, Lauren M., Matthew C. Farrelly, Brian Bradfield, Jamie Ridenhour, and Jamie Guillory. Modeling the Probability of Fraud in Social Media in a National Cannabis Survey. RTI Press, September 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3768/rtipress.2021.mr.0046.2109.

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Cannabis legalization has spread rapidly in the United States. Although national surveys provide robust information on the prevalence of cannabis use, cannabis disorders, and related outcomes, information on knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs (KABs) about cannabis is lacking. To inform the relationship between cannabis legalization and cannabis-related KABs, RTI International launched the National Cannabis Climate Survey (NCCS) in 2016. The survey sampled US residents 18 years or older via mail (n = 2,102), mail-to-web (n = 1,046), and two social media data collections (n = 11,957). This report outlines two techniques that we used to problem-solve several challenges with the resulting data: (1) developing a model for detecting fraudulent cases in social media completes after standard fraud detection measures were insufficient and (2) designing a weighting scheme to pool multiple probability and nonprobability samples. We also describe our approach for validating the pooled dataset. The fraud prevention and detection processes, predictive model of fraud, and the methods used to weight the probability and nonprobability samples can be applied to current and future complex data collections and analysis of existing datasets.
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Adeniran, Adedeji, Mma Amara Ekeruche, and Chukwuka Onywkwena. The Role of Social Influence in Enforcing Tax Compliance: Experimental Evidence from Nigeria. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), June 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/ictd.2021.011.

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Economic development is linked with increased state capacity including the ability to mobilise domestic tax resources. For many developing countries, high levels of informality are a major constraint in this regard. Yet, economic incentives like changing the tax rate or increasing the filling and audit rate can be ineffective in a highly informal economic structure. In this paper, we explore possible roles for behavioural interventions such as sharing information about peers’ tax behaviour to engineer higher tax compliance. Based on an artefactual field experiment among own account workers in Nigeria, we find that information interventions can play an important role in ensuring tax compliance. Specifically, targeting information around what people can directly observe can be a way to improve tax compliance. Providing information on punishment or good practices that appeal to feelings of morality yields higher tax compliance.
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Squiers, Linda, Mariam Siddiqui, Ishu Kataria, Preet K. Dhillon, Aastha Aggarwal, Carla Bann, Molly Lynch, and Laura Nyblade. Perceived, Experienced, and Internalized Cancer Stigma: Perspectives of Cancer Patients and Caregivers in India. RTI Press, April 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3768/rtipress.2021.rr.0044.2104.

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Cancer stigma may lead to delayed diagnosis and treatment, especially in low- and middle-income countries. This exploratory, pilot study was conducted in India to explore the degree to which cancer stigma is perceived, experienced, and internalized among adults living with cancer and their primary caregivers. We conducted a survey of cancer patients and their caregivers in two Indian cities. The survey assessed perceived, experienced, and internalized stigma; demographic characteristics; patient cancer history; mental health; and social support. A purposive sample of 20 cancer survivor and caregiver dyads was drawn from an ongoing population-based cohort study. Overall, 85 percent of patients and 75 percent of caregivers reported experiencing some level (i.e., yes response to at least one of the items) of perceived, experienced, or internalized stigma. Both patients (85 percent) and caregivers (65 percent) perceived that community members hold at least one stigmatizing belief or attitude toward people with cancer. About 60 percent of patients reported experiencing stigma, and over one-third of patients and caregivers had internalized stigma. The findings indicate that fatalistic beliefs about cancer are prevalent, and basic education about cancer for the general public, patients, and caregivers is required. Cancer-related stigma in India should continue to be studied to determine and address its prevalence, root causes, and influence on achieving physical and mental health-related outcomes.
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Beuermann, Diether, Nicolas L. Bottan, Bridget Hoffmann, Jeetendra Khadan, and Diego A. Vera-Cossio. Suriname COVID-19 Survey. Inter-American Development Bank, May 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003266.

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This dataset constitutes a panel follow-up to the 2016/2017 Suriname Survey of Living Conditions. It measures welfare related variables before and after the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic including labor market outcomes, financial literacy, and food security. The survey was executed in August 2020. The Suriname COVID-19 Survey is a project of the Inter-American Development Bank (IDB). It collected data on critical socioeconomic topics in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic to support policymaking and help mitigate the crisis impacts on the populations welfare. The survey recontacted households interviewed in 2016/2017 by the Suriname Survey of Living Conditions (SSLC) and was conducted by phone due to the mobility restrictions and social distancing measures in place. It interviewed 1,016 households during August 2020 and gathered information about disease transmission, household finances, labor, income, remittances, spending, and social protection programs. Data and documentation of the 2016/2017 Suriname Survey of Living Conditions can be found at: https://publications.iadb.org/en/suriname-survey-living-conditions-2016-2017 The survey was designed and implemented by Sistemas Integrales. This publication describes the main methodological aspects, such as sample design, estimation procedures, topics covered by the questionnaire, field organization and quality control. It also presents the structure and codebook for the two resulting publicly available datasets.
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Hunter, Fraser, and Martin Carruthers. Iron Age Scotland. Society for Antiquaries of Scotland, September 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.9750/scarf.09.2012.193.

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The main recommendations of the panel report can be summarised under five key headings:  Building blocks: The ultimate aim should be to build rich, detailed and testable narratives situated within a European context, and addressing phenomena from the longue durée to the short-term over international to local scales. Chronological control is essential to this and effective dating strategies are required to enable generation-level analysis. The ‘serendipity factor’ of archaeological work must be enhanced by recognising and getting the most out of information-rich sites as they appear. o There is a pressing need to revisit the archives of excavated sites to extract more information from existing resources, notably through dating programmes targeted at regional sequences – the Western Isles Atlantic roundhouse sequence is an obvious target. o Many areas still lack anything beyond the baldest of settlement sequences, with little understanding of the relations between key site types. There is a need to get at least basic sequences from many more areas, either from sustained regional programmes or targeted sampling exercises. o Much of the methodologically innovative work and new insights have come from long-running research excavations. Such large-scale research projects are an important element in developing new approaches to the Iron Age.  Daily life and practice: There remains great potential to improve the understanding of people’s lives in the Iron Age through fresh approaches to, and integration of, existing and newly-excavated data. o House use. Rigorous analysis and innovative approaches, including experimental archaeology, should be employed to get the most out of the understanding of daily life through the strengths of the Scottish record, such as deposits within buildings, organic preservation and waterlogging. o Material culture. Artefact studies have the potential to be far more integral to understandings of Iron Age societies, both from the rich assemblages of the Atlantic area and less-rich lowland finds. Key areas of concern are basic studies of material groups (including the function of everyday items such as stone and bone tools, and the nature of craft processes – iron, copper alloy, bone/antler and shale offer particularly good evidence). Other key topics are: the role of ‘art’ and other forms of decoration and comparative approaches to assemblages to obtain synthetic views of the uses of material culture. o Field to feast. Subsistence practices are a core area of research essential to understanding past society, but different strands of evidence need to be more fully integrated, with a ‘field to feast’ approach, from production to consumption. The working of agricultural systems is poorly understood, from agricultural processes to cooking practices and cuisine: integrated work between different specialisms would assist greatly. There is a need for conceptual as well as practical perspectives – e.g. how were wild resources conceived? o Ritual practice. There has been valuable work in identifying depositional practices, such as deposition of animals or querns, which are thought to relate to house-based ritual practices, but there is great potential for further pattern-spotting, synthesis and interpretation. Iron Age Scotland: ScARF Panel Report v  Landscapes and regions:  Concepts of ‘region’ or ‘province’, and how they changed over time, need to be critically explored, because they are contentious, poorly defined and highly variable. What did Iron Age people see as their geographical horizons, and how did this change?  Attempts to understand the Iron Age landscape require improved, integrated survey methodologies, as existing approaches are inevitably partial.  Aspects of the landscape’s physical form and cover should be investigated more fully, in terms of vegetation (known only in outline over most of the country) and sea level change in key areas such as the firths of Moray and Forth.  Landscapes beyond settlement merit further work, e.g. the use of the landscape for deposition of objects or people, and what this tells us of contemporary perceptions and beliefs.  Concepts of inherited landscapes (how Iron Age communities saw and used this longlived land) and socal resilience to issues such as climate change should be explored more fully.  Reconstructing Iron Age societies. The changing structure of society over space and time in this period remains poorly understood. Researchers should interrogate the data for better and more explicitly-expressed understandings of social structures and relations between people.  The wider context: Researchers need to engage with the big questions of change on a European level (and beyond). Relationships with neighbouring areas (e.g. England, Ireland) and analogies from other areas (e.g. Scandinavia and the Low Countries) can help inform Scottish studies. Key big topics are: o The nature and effect of the introduction of iron. o The social processes lying behind evidence for movement and contact. o Parallels and differences in social processes and developments. o The changing nature of houses and households over this period, including the role of ‘substantial houses’, from crannogs to brochs, the development and role of complex architecture, and the shift away from roundhouses. o The chronology, nature and meaning of hillforts and other enclosed settlements. o Relationships with the Roman world
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Hendricks, Kasey. Data for Alabama Taxation and Changing Discourse from Reconstruction to Redemption. University of Tennessee, Knoxville Libraries, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.7290/wdyvftwo4u.

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At their most basic level taxes carry, in the words of Schumpeter ([1918] 1991), “the thunder of history” (p. 101). They say something about the ever-changing structures of social, economic, and political life. Taxes offer a blueprint, in both symbolic and concrete terms, for uncovering the most fundamental arrangements in society – stratification included. The historical retellings captured within these data highlight the politics of taxation in Alabama from 1856 to 1901, including conflicts over whom money is expended upon as well as struggles over who carries their fair share of the tax burden. The selected timeline overlaps with the formation of five of six constitutions adopted in the State of Alabama, including 1861, 1865, 1868, 1875, and 1901. Having these years as the focal point makes for an especially meaningful case study, given how much these constitutional formations made the state a site for much political debate. These data contain 5,121 pages of periodicals from newspapers throughout the state, including: Alabama Sentinel, Alabama State Intelligencer, Alabama State Journal, Athens Herald, Daily Alabama Journal, Daily Confederation, Elyton Herald, Mobile Daily Tribune, Mobile Tribune, Mobile Weekly Tribune, Morning Herald, Nationalist, New Era, Observer, Tuscaloosa Observer, Tuskegee News, Universalist Herald, and Wilcox News and Pacificator. The contemporary relevance of these historical debates manifests in Alabama’s current constitution which was adopted in 1901. This constitution departs from well-established conventions of treating the document as a legal framework that specifies a general role of governance but is firm enough to protect the civil rights and liberties of the population. Instead, it stands more as a legislative document, or procedural straightjacket, that preempts through statutory material what regulatory action is possible by the state. These barriers included a refusal to establish a state board of education and enact a tax structure for local education in addition to debt and tax limitations that constrained government capacity more broadly. Prohibitive features like these are among the reasons that, by 2020, the 1901 Constitution has been amended nearly 1,000 times since its adoption. However, similar procedural barriers have been duplicated across the U.S. since (e.g., California’s Proposition 13 of 1978). Reference: Schumpeter, Joseph. [1918] 1991. “The Crisis of the Tax State.” Pp. 99-140 in The Economics and Sociology of Capitalism, edited by Richard Swedberg. Princeton University Press.
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