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Academic literature on the topic 'Behavioural processes'

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Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 29 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Behavioural processes"

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Kleszczewska-Albińska, Angelika. "Selected cognitive-behavioural models of behavioural addictions." Psychiatria i Psychologia Kliniczna 22, no. 1 (April 29, 2022): 10–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.15557/pipk.2022.0002.

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The paper discusses behavioural addiction in the context of cognitive-behavioural model of therapy. Behavioural addiction can be diagnosed based on the six main criteria: (1) preoccupation with activity, (2) mood modification resulting from involvement in behaviour, (3) increased level of tolerance for the addictive activity, (4) withdrawal symptoms, (5) increased number of conflicts, and (6) relapses. According to research conducted in a representative sample of Polish population aged 15 years and older, the most popular behavioural addictions in our country include workaholism, shopaholism, internet addiction, social media addiction, smartphone addiction, and gambling. Cognitive-behavioural therapy is one of the most effective therapeutic strategies for behavioural addictions. This approach is based mostly on Beck’s and Ellis’s traditional models. The models of cognitive-behavioural therapy include identification of early maladaptive experiences resulting in negative core beliefs. They also refer to psychopathological factors that were developed later in lifetime. Furthermore, they incorporate description of negative automatic thoughts that trigger addictive behaviours, and allow to observe the vicious circle and entanglement in addictive activity, which initially perceived as a way for reducing the tension, used in excess contributes to increased individual’s discomfort. Cognitive-behavioural therapy in behaviourally addicted patients usually includes an analysis of four phases: (1) antecedent phase, (2) triggering phase, (3) the phase of satisfying the needs connected to the addiction, and (4) the phase following the accomplishment of the addictive behaviour. Cognitive-behavioural therapy includes various methods of work based on the knowledge about cognitive processes. Interventions in this approach are structuralised and limited in time. There are three basic phases of cognitive-behavioural therapy: (1) behaviour modification, (2) cognitive restructuring, and (3) harm reduction.
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Corr, Philip J. "Automatic and Controlled Processes in Behavioural Control: Implications for Personality Psychology." European Journal of Personality 24, no. 5 (August 2010): 376–403. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/per.779.

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This paper highlights a number of unresolved theoretical issues that, it is argued, continue to impede the construction of a viable model of behavioural control in personality psychology. It is contended that, in order to integrate motivation, emotion, cognition and conscious experience within a coherent framework, two major issues need to be recognised: (a) the relationship between automatic (reflexive) and controlled (reflective) processing and (b) the lateness of controlled processing (including the generation of conscious awareness)—phenomenally, such processing seems to ‘control’ behaviour, but experimentally it can be shown to postdate the behaviour it represents. The implications of these two major issues are outlined, centred on the need to integrate theoretical perspectives within personality psychology, as well as the greater unification of personality psychology with general psychology. A model of behavioural control is sketched, formulated around the concept of the behavioural inhibition system (BIS), which accounts for: (a) why certain stimuli are extracted for controlled processing (i.e. those that are not ‘going to plan’, as detected by an error mechanism) and (b) the function of controlled processing (including conscious awareness) in terms of adjusting the cybernetic weights of automatic processes (which are always in control of immediate behaviour) which, then, influence future automatically controlled behaviour. The relevance of this model is illustrated in relation to a number of topics in personality psychology, as well related issues of free–will and difficult–to–control behaviours. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Rodgers and Cooper. "Endorphins, Opiates and Behavioural Processes." International Clinical Psychopharmacology 5, no. 4 (October 1990): 295. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00004850-199010000-00008.

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Robbins, Trevor. "Endorphins, opiates and behavioural processes." Biological Psychology 31, no. 2 (October 1990): 193–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0301-0511(90)90017-q.

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Voorhoeve, P. E. "Endorphins, opiates and behavioural processes." Journal of the Neurological Sciences 86, no. 1 (August 1988): 112. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-510x(88)90012-3.

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A.J. Goudie, Dr. "Endorphins, opiates and behavioural processes." Trends in Pharmacological Sciences 9, no. 8 (August 1988): 305–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0165-6147(88)90017-x.

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Guilbaud, G. "Endorphins, opiates and behavioural processes." Neuropsychologia 27, no. 3 (January 1989): 373–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0028-3932(89)90027-4.

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Hill, R. G. "Endorphins, opiates and behavioural processes." Pain 35, no. 2 (November 1988): 237–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0304-3959(88)90271-0.

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Ewert, Benjamin, Kathrin Loer, and Eva Thomann. "Beyond nudge: advancing the state-of-the-art of behavioural public policy and administration." Policy & Politics 49, no. 1 (January 1, 2021): 3–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1332/030557320x15987279194319.

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This Special Issue features theoretical, methodological, and empirical advancements of the state-of-the-art in behavioural public policy and administration. In this introduction, we develop a behaviourally-informed, integrated conceptual model of the policy process that embeds individual attitudes and behaviour into context at the meso and macro level. We argue that behavioural approaches can be situated within a broader tradition of methodological individualism. Despite focusing on the micro level of policy processes, the contributions in this issue demonstrate that the behavioural study of public policy and administration can go beyond the individual level and give important insights into policy and societal outcomes. Our model enables us to draw more substantial lessons from behavioural research by moving beyond the verification of individual behaviour change. If based on a broad conceptual design and methodological pluralism, behavioural policies bear the potential to better understand, investigate and shape social outcomes.
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Herrera, James, and Charles L. Nunn. "Behavioural ecology and infectious disease: implications for conservation of biodiversity." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 374, no. 1781 (July 29, 2019): 20180054. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2018.0054.

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Behaviour underpins interactions among conspecifics and between species, with consequences for the transmission of disease-causing parasites. Because many parasites lead to declines in population size and increased risk of extinction for threatened species, understanding the link between host behaviour and disease transmission is particularly important for conservation management. Here, we consider the intersection of behaviour, ecology and parasite transmission, broadly encompassing micro- and macroparasites. We focus on behaviours that have direct impacts on transmission, as well as the behaviours that result from infection. Given the important role of parasites in host survival and reproduction, the effects of behaviour on parasitism can scale up to population-level processes, thus affecting species conservation. Understanding how conservation and infectious disease control strategies actually affect transmission potential can therefore often only be understood through a behavioural lens. We highlight how behavioural perspectives of disease ecology apply to conservation by reviewing the different ways that behavioural ecology influences parasite transmission and conservation goals. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Linking behaviour to dynamics of populations and communities: application of novel approaches in behavioural ecology to conservation’.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Behavioural processes"

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Rimes, Katharine Amber. "Cognitive and behavioural processes in health anxiety." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1996. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:249d20d8-b7c9-47a0-b207-3752105ac52e.

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In this thesis a cognitive-behavioural model of health anxiety is used to investigate the psychological effects of bone densitometry, a health test which can provide an indication of future risk for osteoporosis. The cognitive-behavioural model of health anxiety proposes that people will experience relatively high levels of anxiety about their health if they have a tendency to make particularly negative interpretations of bodily variations and information which may be relevant to health. It was therefore predicted that people who have a pre-existing tendency to worry about their health would react more negatively to the results of bone density measurement. Consistent with this prediction, after a low bone density ("high risk") result, women who reported high levels of pre-existing health anxiety gave higher ratings of anxiety about osteoporosis and perceived likelihood of developing osteoporosis in the near future than women with low levels of preexisting health anxiety. (The two groups did not differ significantly in these ratings before the scan). Differences in the reactions of women with high and low levels of pre-existing health anxiety were still apparent 14 months after the scan. Women receiving a low bone density ("high risk") result showed a "minimization" of the seriousness of low bone density; when individual differences were investigated, it was found that women with very high levels of pre-existing health anxiety did not show minimization. Furthermore, after a "low risk" result, women with high levels of health anxiety were only temporarily reassured. It thus appears that the new measure of health anxiety which was used in this thesis may be useful in helping to identify people who are vulnerable to experiencing distress after health screening. More specific pre-scan measures of beliefs about osteoporosis (derived from the cognitive-behavioural model) also predicted reactions to bone density screening. For example, pre-scan beliefs about the seriousness or burden of low bone density / osteoporosis were stronger predictors of anxiety about osteoporosis three months after the scan than the actual scan result. Factors such as the type of interpretation the woman makes of her scan result, and whether the woman is having her first or second scan, were also found to influence psychological reactions.
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Westendorf, Sascha. "Mining for behavioural information in creative processes." Thesis, De Montfort University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2086/4778.

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Rodriguez-Girones, Miguel A. "Processes of behavioural timing and their implications for foraging theory." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.308738.

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Horgan, Harry. "The role of transdiagnostic cognitive behavioural processes in suicidal ideation." Thesis, University of East London, 2017. http://roar.uel.ac.uk/6723/.

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Background. Suicidality has most commonly been studied within a psychiatric framework wherein it is conceptualised as a symptom or outcome of mental disorder. However, the majority of people that meet the criteria for a psychiatric diagnosis do not experience suicidality and a significant number of people that do not meet criteria for a diagnosis struggle with thoughts of suicide. Transdiagnostic approaches offer an approach to understanding and intervening with suicidality unhindered by the poor reliability, validity, and lack of specificity associated with psychiatric diagnosis. Aims. This study first sought to explore differences between people experiencing or not experiencing current suicidality, in terms of engagement in transdiagnostic cognitive and behavioural (TCB) processes. Secondly, the role of TCB processes in relation to suicidality were analysed in terms of their explanatory power when considered simultaneously with established suicide-specific psychological constructs. Method. A cross-sectional design was employed and a mixed sample was recruited (N = 927) through convenience and purposive sampling via an online survey. Regression analyses were performed to explore the ability of the variables to classify participants as experiencing or not experiencing current suicidality. Structural equation models were constructed to test the indirect effects of TCB processes. Results. TCB processes were significantly elevated in participants experiencing current suicidality. This elevated engagement persisted in a subsample of participants that had received a psychiatric diagnosis. TCB processes were not significant predictors of suicidality in the final stage of a regression model, but their inclusion improved goodness-of-fit. Finally, TCB processes had a minor but significant negative moderating effect upon 'desire for suicide' in relation to degree of suicidality. Conclusion. Transdiagnostic psychological constructs and cognitive and behavioural processes offer greater explanatory power for suicidality than does meeting the criteria for a psychiatric diagnosis. TCB processes may act as a means of coping with suicidal desire, however, and may not be indicated as initial targets for intervention.
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Aglieri, Virginia. "Behavioural and neural inter-individual variability in voice perception processes." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AIXM0176/document.

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Chez l'homme, la voix facilite les interactions sociales par la transmission d’informations sur l'identité de la personne, ses émotions ou sa personnalité. En particulier, l'identité du locuteur peut être automatiquement extraite même lorsque le message et l'état émotionnel varient, ce qui suggère des mécanismes cognitifs et cérébraux partiellement dissociables pour ces processus. Cependant, la reconnaissance d'une voix familière ou la discrimination entre deux locuteurs sont, pour certains sujets, non seulement non-automatiques, mais même impossibles. Ce déficit, lorsqu'il se manifeste dès la naissance, est appelé phonagnosie du développement et constitue la contrepartie auditive de la prosopagnosie (déficit de reconnaissance des visages). Dans le domaine visuel, il a été proposé que les sujets affectés par la prosopagnosie du développement représentent des cas extrêmes dans la distribution des capacités de reconnaissance de visages. A l’inverse, des "super-reconnaisseurs" des visages se situaient à l’opposé de cette distribution.Comme la distribution des capacités de reconnaissance de la voix dans la population générale était encore inconnue, le premier objectif de cette thèse a été d'en étudier les différences individuelles au moyen d'un court test - le Glasgow Voice Memory Test (GVMT). Les résultats obtenus ont reflété une large variabilité interindividuelle dans les capacités de reconnaissance des voix: parmi une cohorte de 1120 sujets, il y avait à la fois des sujets avec des performances significativement en dessous de la moyenne (potentiels phonagnosiques) et des "super-reconnaisseurs" des voix. Cette variabilité individuelle comportementale semblerait se refléter au niveau cérébral, comme révélés par l'imagerie par résonance magnétique fonctionnelle (IRMf) : en fait, il a été montré précédemment qu'il existait une variabilité interindividuelle considérable dans le signal BOLD (blood-oxygen level dependent) lié à la voix dans les zones temporales de la voix (TVAs). Ces régions sont situées sur le bord supérieur des sulcus/gyrus temporal supérieur (STS/STG) et montrent une activation préférentielle pour les sons vocaux plutôt que non vocaux. Le deuxième objectif de ce travail fut de mieux caractériser le lien entre les mécanismes comportementaux et neuronaux sous-tendant la variabilité interindividuelle dans les processus de reconnaissance des voix. Pour cela, nous avons examiné comment la perception de la voix modulait la connectivité fonctionnelle entre les TVAs, constituant le "noyau" du réseau de perception de la voix, et les régions frontales également sensibles aux voix, constituant une extension de ce réseau. Les résultats ont montré qu'il y avait une connectivité fonctionnelle positive dans l'ensemble du réseau et que la connectivité fonctionnelle fronto-temporelle et fronto-frontale droite augmentait avec les scores obtenus lors du GVMT.Pour compléter ce travail, nous avons réalisé une autre étude IRMf en utilisant des analyses multivariées, afin de clarifier les corrélats neuronaux de la reconnaissance du locuteur mais aussi le lien entre sensibilité cérébrale à la voix et capacités de reconnaissance du locuteur. Pour cela, des sujets ayant des capacités de reconnaissance vocale hétérogènes ont été soumis à la fois à une tâche d'identification du locuteur et à une tâche d'écoute passive de sons vocaux et non vocaux. Les résultats ont confirmé que l’identification du locuteur s’effectuait via un réseau étendu de régions, incluant les TVAs mais aussi des régions frontales. De plus, nous avons observé que le score de classification voix/non-voix dans le STS droit permettait de prédire les capacités d'identification des locuteurs.Dans l'ensemble, ces résultats suggèrent que les capacités de reconnaissance vocale varient considérablement d'un individu à l'autre et que cette variabilité pourrait être le reflet de profils d’activité cérébrale différents au sein du réseau de la perception de la voix
In humans, voice conveys heterogeneous information such as speaker’s identity, which can be automatically extracted even when language content and emotional state vary. We hypothesized that the ability to recognize a speaker considerably varied across the population, as previously observed for face recognition. To test this hypothesis, a short voice recognition test was delivered to 1120 subjects in order to observe how voice recognition abilities were distributed in the general population. Since it has been previously observed that there exists a considerable inter-individual variability in voice-elicited activity in temporal voice areas (TVAs), regions along the superior temporal sulcus/gyrus (STS/STG) that show preferentially activation for voices than other sounds, the second aim of this work was then to better characterize the link between the behavioral and neural mechanisms underlying inter-individual variability in voice recognition processes through functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). The results of a first fMRI study showed that functional connectivity between frontal and temporal voice sensitive regions increased with voice recognition scores obtained at a voice recognition test. Another fMRI study showed that speaker’s identity was treated in an extended network of regions, including TVAs but also frontal regions and that voice/non-voice classification accuracy in right STS increased with speaker identification abilities. Altogether, these results suggest that voice recognition abilities considerably vary across subjects and that this variability can be mirrored by different neural profiles within the voice perception network
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Henning, Matthias. "Preparation for lane change manoeuvres: Behavioural indicators and underlying cognitive processes." Doctoral thesis, Universitätsbibliothek Chemnitz, 2010. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:ch1-201001033.

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Die vorliegende Arbeit widmet sich der Erforschung der Fahrer-Fahrzeug-Interaktion mit dem Ziel der Fahrerabsichtserkennung bei Spurwechselmanövern. Diese Fahrmanöver sind mit einer überproportionalen Unfallhäufigkeit verbunden, die sich in den Unfallstatistiken widerspiegelt. Laut Statistischem Bundesamt (2008) kamen im Jahr 2007 12,0% (1857) aller Unfälle mit schwerem Sachschaden auf Autobahnen in Deutschland aufgrund von Zusammenstößen mit seitlich in die gleiche Richtung fahrenden Fahrzeugen zustande (S. 65). Mit Hilfe der Information über einen intendierten Spurwechsel kann ein System an das zukünftige Fahrerverhalten angepasst werden, um so die Funktionalität und damit das Sicherheitspotential des Gesamtsystems zu erhöhen. Zusätzlich können mit dieser Information auch unerwünschte Systemeingriffe unterdrückt werden, die den Fahrer stören und so zu einer Minderung der Akzeptanz des jeweiligen Fahrerassistenz- und Informationssystems führen könnten. So kann einerseits ein Assistenzsystem eingeschaltet werden, das den Spurwechsel erleichtert (z.B. Side Blind Zone Alert, Kiefer & Hankey, 2008). Zum anderen kann ein Assistenzsystem abgeschaltet werden, das den Fahrer irrtümlich warnen würde, wie zum Beispiel ein Spurverlassenswarner im Falle eines beabsichtigten Überfahrens der Fahrspur (Henning, Beyreuther et al., 2007). In diesem Zusammenhang bilden drei Untersuchungen das Herzstück der vorliegenden Arbeit. In einer Feldstudie untersuchten Henning, Georgeon, Dapzol und Krems (2009) Indikatoren, die auf die Vorbereitung eines Spurwechsels hindeuten und fanden dabei vor allem Blickverhalten in den linken Außenspiegel als einen geeigneten und sehr frühen Indikator. Dieser dient wahrscheinlich vor allem dem Aufbau einer mentalen Repräsentation des rückwärtigen Verkehrs. In einer anschließenden Fahrsimulatorstudie wurde experimentell erforscht, wie diese mentale Repräsentation beschaffen ist und in welchen Komponenten des Arbeitsgedächtnisses sie gespeichert wird (Henning, Beyreuther, & Krems, 2009). In einer dritten Studie, bestehend aus zwei Laborexperimenten, wurde nach einer Schwelle für den Übergang von einer statischen in eine dynamische mentale Repräsentation sich nähernder Fahrzeuge mit Hilfe des Paradigmas des Representational Momentum (Freyd & Finke, 1984) gesucht und ebenfalls deren Lokalisation im Arbeitsgedächtnis erforscht (Henning & Krems, 2009). Die den drei Manuskripten vorangestellte Einleitung dient der allgemeinen Einführung in das Thema und der Einordnung der Befunde. Dabei wird zuerst der Spurwechselprozess dargestellt, gefolgt von einer Diskussion der zugrundeliegenden kognitiven Prozesse und einem Exkurs über die Möglichkeiten der Spurwechselabsichtserkennung und deren Verbesserung im Lichte der Befunde.
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King, Elbaz Zmira. "Cognitive control processes in attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder : behavioural and cardiovascular measures." Thesis, McGill University, 2000. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=36816.

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Specific strategic control (executive) processes were investigated in 17 boys with ADHD and 18 normal control boys, ages 9--13 years, using a paradigm combining the Warned Reaction Time and Stimulus-Response Compatibility tasks. The length and constancy of the preparatory interval (PI) were manipulated in order to study preparatory processes associated with prediction and temporal adjustment. Compared to control boys, boys with ADHD had particular difficulty with long, fixed, and short, variable preparatory intervals, suggesting problems with the strategic control of response preparation and adaptation to temporal changes. Heart rate deceleratory patterns recorded during the PI indicated that impaired active, accurate, prediction played a major role in the preparatory deficit. The study also manipulated compatibility and predictability of response demands in order to assess inhibitory processes and the ability to shift flexibly between changing response demands. Boys with ADHD had particular difficulty shifting flexibly between compatible and incompatible responding, indicating a problem with strategic response adjustment. Findings also suggested possible difficulties with the allocation of consistent, effortful attention and the inhibition of inappropriate responding. In addition, interactions were also observed in the ADHD group between the strategic and inhibitory measures. Overall, the findings supported Douglas's (1988; 1999) conceptualization of ADHD as involving a self-regulatory deficiency consisting of interacting strategic, effortful, and inhibitory components. The study also addressed the question of whether Sanders' (1983) cognitive-energetic model, which has been used widely in studies of ADHD, can deal adequately with the cognitive difficulties associated with ADHD. The findings indicated that the model has not been developed adequately to deal with the kinds of higher level processing deficits that were identified in the ADHD group. In addition, in
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Hoare, Derek J. "Olfactory coding in a simple neural system : integrative processes and behavioural outputs." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.493945.

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The peripheral olfactory system of the Drosophila larva consists of a pair of dorsal organs each comprising 21 olfactory sensory neurons (OSNs). Each OSN expresses one or two classes of olfactory receptor (OR) in addition to the ubiquitously expressed protein OR83b. The neuronal wiring from OSNs to higher brain centres in Drosophila larvae mirrors the organization seen in higher organisms but is reduced numerically to a simple 1:1:1 connectivity. Presented here is the first in situ electrophysiological data for individual larval OSNs.
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Torres, Alvarado Irene 1984. "The Influence of syllabic structure on computational processes : an electrophysiological and behavioural approach." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/665961.

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In language learning two mechanisms are of critical importance, namely, rule learning and statistical learning. Additionally, an important linguistic unit, the syllable, has been proposed to be the unit of speech segmentation and speech production. The present dissertation explores the influence of syllabic structure on rule learning and statistical learning mechanisms. First, I explored the interference of syllabic structure changes over adjacent repetition-based rules and statistical word segmentation in a series of behavioral experiments. Then, I explored the ERP signatures of a syllabic structure change over adjacent and non-adjacent repetition-based rules. Overall, results show that the learnability of abstract adjacent or non-adjacent repetition-based rules and statistical learning are not interfered by a change in syllabic structure. Our results also show that the extraction of regularities over syllables was easier to perform than over vowels, attesting the pre-eminent role of the syllable in speech processing. The electrophysiological responses to syllabic structure changes were readily detected a few hundred milliseconds after the presentation of the stimulus, manifesting the automatic perceptual nature of its detection.
En l’aprenentatge d’una llengua intervenen dos mecanismes bàsics, l’aprenentatge de regles i l’aprenentatge de relacions estadístiques. A més, s’ha proposat la síl·laba com a unitat amb rellevància lingüística per aquest estudi. La present dissertació explora la influència de l’estructura sil·làbica en els mecanismes d’aprenentatge de regles i de relacions estadístiques. Primerament, en una sèrie d’experiments comportamentals, exploro la interferència que el canvi d’estructura sil·làbica genera en regles repetitives adjacents i en mecanismes estadístics de segmentació de paraules. Després, exploro les respostes cognitives evocades del canvi d’estructura sil·làbica en l’aprenentatge de regles repetitives adjacents i no adjacents. Els resultats mostren que l’aprenentatge de regles repetitives adjacents i no adjacents, i l’aprenentatge de relacions estadístiques, no són interferits per un canvi d’estructura sil·làbica. L’extracció de regularitats sobre síl·labes va ser més fàcil que sobre vocals, confirmant el paper preeminent que la síl·laba té en el processament del llenguatge. La resposta electrofisiològica del canvi d’estructura sil·làbica va ser detectada amb rapidesa, tan sols uns dos-cents mil·lisegons després de la presentació de l’estímul, posant de manifest, doncs, la naturalesa automàtica d’aquesta detecció.
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Drummond, Neil M. "Inhibitory Control Processes During the Preparation and Initiation of Motor Responses." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/35690.

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The ability to stop ongoing movements or prevent unwanted movements is fundamental to behavioural control. This thesis addresses the neural processes underlying inhibitory control and how initiation and stop processes interact to control behaviour. We conducted four studies, employing various behavioural tasks that require humans to prepare to initiate a response with the possibility that it may have to be prevented or stopped from being initiated. In the first experiment we sought to determine whether the increase in reaction time (RT) during the performance of traditional stop-signal task was due to a decreased the amount of go-related preparatory activation. We used a startling acoustic stimulus (SAS) to determine whether the go-response could be triggered involuntarily, and investigated whether the latency of SAS responses were delayed when participants were instructed that they might have to stop their response compared to when they knew they would never stop (i.e., simple RT task). We found that the go-response was prepared in advance during the stop-signal task, but to a lesser degree as indicated by the slower SAS response latency, compared to when go trials were completed in the simple RT task. Thus, even the possibility of having to stop a response reduces the level of preparatory go-activation. The second experiment tested the hypothesis that behavioural control during a stop-signal task is determined by an independent race between go- and stop-processes. In this experiment we used a SAS to manipulate initiation and inhibition by probing the go- and stop-response prior to and after the stop-signal respectively in a stop-signal task. We found that the go-response could be triggered by the SAS even 200 ms following the stop-signal suggesting that behavioural control during a stop-signal task is not determined by an independent race between go- and stop-activations, but rather by an interaction between go-activation and stop processes. The third experiment investigated the effect of advance preparation on the ability to proactively and selectively inhibit a single limb in a bimanual response that had been cued to maybe stop. TMS was used to measure the excitability of the limb that was cued to maybe stop in comparison to the limb that was to continue with its response. In addition, a SAS was used to probe the preparatory state of the go-response in each limb. We found that increased preparatory go-activation of responses in both limbs overshadowed the neurophysiological evidence of proactive selective inhibition, while processes related to the selective stopping task appeared to suppress subcortical motor structures and the ability of the SAS to involuntarily trigger the prepared responses. The fourth experiment sought to determine the role of the right inferior frontal gyrus (rIFG) and the pre-supplementary motor area (preSMA) in the inhibition of response initiation during a go/no-go task. We temporarily deactivated rIFG or preSMA using continuous theta burst stimulation (cTBS) and examined changes in inhibition, voluntary initiation, and the ability of a SAS to involuntary trigger the initiation of the response. We found that stimulation to both cortical sites impaired participant’s ability to withhold movements during no-go trials. Notably, deactivating rIFG and preSMA did not affect voluntary initiation and did not enable the SAS to involuntarily trigger the response. These findings implicate the rIFG and the preSMA in the ability to inhibit responses during a go/no-go task, and suggests that preparation and initiation of the go-response occurs in response to the imperative stimulus, with inhibition only applied once the stimulus is identified as a no-go signal. Taken together, these studies show that i) modulation of preparatory go-activation contributes to the ability to inhibit a motor response, ii) motor response inhibition is achieved by initiation activation being prevented from reaching threshold, iii) preparatory go-activation overshadows proactive inhibition, iv) inhibitory control depends on the integrity and recruitment of top-down inhibitory control to suppress initiation activation once a no-go stimulus is identified. This research speaks to the interaction between initiation and inhibition processes and provides novel insight and evidence in support of an interactive model of inhibitory control.
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Books on the topic "Behavioural processes"

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J, Rodgers R., and Cooper S. J, eds. Endorphins, opiates, and behavioural processes. Chichester [West Sussex]: Wiley, 1988.

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Villemeur, Étienne Billette de. Sequential decision processes make behavioural types endogenous. Badia Fiesolana, San Domenico: European University Institute, 1999.

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Villemeur, Etienne Billette de. Sequential decision processes make behavioural types endogenous. Florence: European University Institute, 1999.

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1968-, Harvey Allison G., ed. Cognitive behavioural processes across psychological disorders: A transdiagnostic approach to research and treatment. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2004.

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The neural and behavioural organization of goal-directed movements. Oxford (England): Clarendon Press, 1990.

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The neural and behavioural organization of goal-directed movements. Oxford [England]: Clarendon Press, 1988.

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Haccou, Patsy. Statistical analysis of behavioural data: An approach based on time-structured models. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1992.

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1958-, Fischer Agneta, and Manstead A. S. R, eds. Emotion in social relations: Cultural, group, and interpersonal processes. New York: Psychology Press, 2005.

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Nicola, Dimitri, Basili Marcello 1959-, and Gilboa Itzhak, eds. Cognitive processes and economic behaviour. New York: Routledge, 2003.

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Carlsson, Niclas. Markov chains on metric spaces: Invariant measures and asymptotic behaviour. Åbo: Åbo Akademi University Press, 2005.

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Book chapters on the topic "Behavioural processes"

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Aman, Bogdan, Gabriel Ciobanu, and Maciej Koutny. "Behavioural Equivalences over Migrating Processes with Timers." In Formal Techniques for Distributed Systems, 52–66. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-30793-5_4.

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Norton, Barry. "Ontology-Based Behavioural Reasoning for Business Processes." In Business Process Management Workshops, 542–53. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-00328-8_55.

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Stupfel, M. "Metabolic and Behavioural Long Period Ultradian Rhythms in Endotherms." In Ultradian Rhythms in Life Processes, 207–39. London: Springer London, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-1969-2_11.

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Hofer, Myron A. "Physiological and Behavioural Processes in Early Maternal Deprivation." In Ciba Foundation Symposium 8 - Physiology, Emotion and Psychosomatic Illness, 175–200. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470719916.ch9.

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Diamantini, Claudia, Laura Genga, Domenico Potena, and Emanuele Storti. "Discovering Behavioural Patterns in Knowledge-Intensive Collaborative Processes." In New Frontiers in Mining Complex Patterns, 149–63. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-17876-9_10.

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Rishi, Parul. "Climate Change Risk Appraisal and Adaptation—Behavioural Processes." In Sustainable Development Goals Series, 25–46. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-8519-4_2.

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Pfaffmann, Carl. "Physiological and Behavioural Processes of the Sense of Taste." In Ciba Foundation Symposium - Taste and Smell in Vertebrates, 31–50. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470715369.ch3.

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Foged, Isak Worre, and Anke Pasold. "Thermal Responsive Envelope: Computational Assembling Behavioural Composites by Additive and Subtractive Processes." In Modelling Behaviour, 113–22. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-24208-8_10.

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Weidlich, Matthias, Holger Ziekow, and Jan Mendling. "Optimising Complex Event Queries over Business Processes Using Behavioural Profiles." In Business Process Management Workshops, 743–54. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-20511-8_67.

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Brener, Jasper. "Behavioural Efficiency: A Biological Link Between Informational and Energetic Processes." In Energetics and Human Information Processing, 113–22. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-4448-0_7.

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Conference papers on the topic "Behavioural processes"

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Tolegenova, Aliya, Fariza Oskenbaya, Elmira Kalymbetova, Nadejda Galiyeva, Anuarbek Onaybay, and Danna Naurzalina. "Computer modelling of cognitive processes as preventing method of addictive behaviour." In icCSBs January 2015 The Annual International Conference on Cognitive - Social, and Behavioural Sciences. Cognitive-crcs, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.15405/epsbs.2015.01.23.

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Hsu, Ching-Fen, Annette Karmiloff-Smith, Ovid Tzeng, Rung-Tai Chin, and Hua-Chen Wang. "Semantic knowledge in williams syndrome: Insights from comparing behavioural and brain processes in false memory tasks." In 2007 6th IEEE International Conference on Development and Learning. IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/devlrn.2007.4354074.

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Pachankis, Yang. "Mass Surveillance, Behavioural Control, And Psychological Coercion the Moral Ethical Risks in Commercial Devices." In 12th International Conference on Computer Science and Information Technology (CCSIT 2022). Academy and Industry Research Collaboration Center (AIRCC), 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5121/csit.2022.121313.

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The research observed, in parallel and comparatively, a surveillance state’s use of communication & cyber networks with satellite applications for power political & realpolitik purposes, in contrast to the outer space security & legit scientific purpose driven cybernetics. The research adopted a psychoanalytic & psychosocial method of observation in the organizational behaviors of the surveillance state, and a theoretical physics, astrochemical, & cosmological feedback method in the contrast group of cybernetics. Military sociology and multilateral movements were adopted in the diagnostic studies & research on cybersecurity, and cross-channeling in communications were detected during the research. The paper addresses several key points of technicalities in security & privacy breach, from personal devices to ontological networks and satellite applications - notably telecommunication service providers & carriers with differentiated spectrum. The paper discusses key moral ethical risks posed in the mal-adaptations in commercial devices that can corrupt democracy in subtle ways but in a mass scale. The research adopted an analytical linguistics approach with linguistic history in unjailing from the artificial intelligence empowered pancomputationalism approach of the heterogenous dictatorial semantic network, and the astronomical & cosmological research in information theory implies that noncomputable processes are the only defense strategy for the new technology-driven pancomputationalism developments.`
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L. Owoc, Mieczyslaw. "Knowledgebases: A Management Context and Development Determinants." In 2003 Informing Science + IT Education Conference. Informing Science Institute, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.28945/2698.

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Contemporary computers give huge possibilities for processing different structures of data e.g. multimedia data types and very unconstrained in construction - object types. Moreover these different structures are processed using methods called intelligent. Knowledgebases (a specific sort of intelligent systems), as a consequence of variety of solutions, belong ambiguous terms. Principally, applications with a stored knowledgebase and a reasoning mechanism - to stress its structural components - are termed knowledgebases. Directions of the research concerning knowledgebases and expressing their peculiar characteristics (coming from the main message of scientific formation in the past) are presented in this paper. The starting point of the paper is observed impact of management processes on intelligent systems and vice versa. Managerial context (including classical, behavioural, quantitative, integrating contemporary and future management approaches) of knowledgebases became the ground to draft development of applications of this sort framework. Taking into account research on knowledgebases, a set of knowledgebase development determinants is discussed.
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Křetínský, Jan. "LTL-Constrained Steady-State Policy Synthesis." In Thirtieth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-21}. California: International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2021/565.

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Decision-making policies for agents are often synthesized with the constraint that a formal specification of behaviour is satisfied. Here we focus on infinite-horizon properties. On the one hand, Linear Temporal Logic (LTL) is a popular example of a formalism for qualitative specifications. On the other hand, Steady-State Policy Synthesis (SSPS) has recently received considerable attention as it provides a more quantitative and more behavioural perspective on specifications, in terms of the frequency with which states are visited. Finally, rewards provide a classic framework for quantitative properties. In this paper, we study Markov decision processes (MDP) with the specification combining all these three types. The derived policy maximizes the reward among all policies ensuring the LTL specification with the given probability and adhering to the steady-state constraints. To this end, we provide a unified solution reducing the multi-type specification to a multi-dimensional long-run average reward. This is enabled by Limit-Deterministic Büchi Automata (LDBA), recently studied in the context of LTL model checking on MDP, and allows for an elegant solution through a simple linear programme. The algorithm also extends to the general omega-regular properties and runs in time polynomial in the sizes of the MDP as well as the LDBA.
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Walker, Guy, and Ailsa Strathie. "Combining Human Factors Methods with Transport Data Recordings." In Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics Conference. AHFE International, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe100686.

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Flight Data Monitoring (FDM) is the process by which data from on-board recorders, or so-called ‘black boxes’, is analysed after every journey to detect subtle trends which, if allowed to continue, could lead to an accident. An opportunity has been identified to advance the state of the art in FDM processes by coupling recorder data to established Human Factors methodologies so that issues arising from the strategically important human/machine-system interface can be better understood and diagnosed. The research has also identified a significantly underused source of recorder-data within the railway industry. Taking this data, the paper demonstrates how key areas of driver performance can be quantified using a simple behavioural cluster detection method coupled to sensitivity and response bias metrics. Faced with a class of operational accident that is increasingly human-centred, an underused source of data, and methods that can join it to established human performance concepts, the potential for detecting risks in advance of an accident are significant.
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Sarva, Edīte, Inga Linde, and Linda Daniela. "Self-Regulated Learning in Remote Educational Context." In 79th International Scientific Conference of University of Latvia. University of Latvia, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.22364/htqe.2021.27.

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Year 2020 has introduced massive changes in the teaching and learning in traditional classroom settings all around the world as due to the abrupt outbreak of COVID-19 pandemic, schools had to introduce remote learning systems and the amount of students’ independent workload increased exponentially. Self-regulated learning plays a crucial role in the learning process, and it is even more significant in remote learning as external regulation is low. The aim of this research was to study students’ self-evaluation on self-regulation processes during remote learning caused by the second wave of COVID-19 pandemic in autumn 2020. This paper presents results of a case study at a secondary school in Latvia. Over a period of two months regular surveys were carried out to investigate students’ opinion on their metacognitive, motivational and behavioural processes during remote learning. Results were analysed to determine the overall situation, changes over time and differences between distinctive students’ groups. Results reveal that 10–12th grade students are more self-rigorous when evaluating their performance than 7–9th graders. It is also evident that girls have better self-regulation skills than boys but seem to neglect their own needs more than boys. These and other results point to the need for customized support to different student groups during remote learning in order to provide all students with an appropriate learning environment.
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Markopoulos, Evangelos, Jens Refflinghaus, Marven Roell, and Hannu Vanharanta. "Understanding Situationality using the Kepner-Tregoe Method in the Company Democracy Model to increase Employee Engagement and Knowledge Contribution." In 13th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2022). AHFE International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1001522.

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Driving sustainable and successful change towards achieving democratic organizational culture a company has to evolve through the 6 levels of the Company Democracy Model which needs to be supported by two foundational and prerequisite enablers. The first one is the critical thinking skills to build an alignment on a meta-level / logic-level / thinking level for effective and efficient communication and actions. Effective actions and communication require clear thinking which requires thinking processes. The second one is the Change Management tools and skills to drive the change. However the integration and activation of these two enablers seem to be the challenge on the first level in the company democracy model who seeks critical thinking to become change agents. This paper integrates the concepts of critical thinking and change making with the introduction of the problem solving Kepner-Tregoe (KT) Method in the Company Democracy Model. Critical Thinking is approached as the applied thinking processes to gather, organize, analyse, confirm, and communicate information in order to solve concerns and issues in an effective, unbiased and self-reflected mode that first seeks to understand and then to act. Therefore, it is the prerequisite for effective and efficient actions. This necessary exchange of information can more targeted and effortless if achieved through a democratic organizational culture which equips each member in an organization with the same logic/thinking, to reveal their intellectual capital by focusing on how to think, not what to think. Effectively thinking requires understanding the concern and the situation that creates a need to act. The concept of situationality, as introduced in the Company Democracy Model (CDM) is further supported in this paper with the KT problem solving methods to identify the core nature of a specific situational concern that enables or disables people’s thinking. The paper defines and analyses the situational concerns which can be categorized in five areas such as understanding a situation, deviation cause, alternatives selection, risk reduction and change enhancement.The identification of the situationality helps finding a thinking approach which leads to an idea that is transformed into an innovative process, product or services. This can be considered a fundamental approach for effective and efficient actions within democratic organizational cultures. Furthermore change management lies in the capability to assess a situation in which people interact, understand the mechanics of the system that forms individual or groups behaviour, and develop activities to manage these mechanics that change human behaviour. Therefore, the challenge of the first level of the company democracy model which is understanding human behaviour is based on the effectiveness of critical thinking capabilities in a systematic human performance model. The elements of the performance environment influence the performance of any person. These elements operate as a system, influencing performance as it happens. The paper presents the five performance system core elements which deal with the environment infrastructures (processes, workflows, expectation and priority setting) the capabilities and willingness of the performer, the demonstrated or desired response/ behaviour, the consequences which follow the behaviour and the performance feedback given to the performer. The paper uses the Aristotelian golden mean to effectively balance this employee performance, and identity imbalances that feed the development of corrective actions and impact behavioural change.
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Jäger-Dengler-Harles, Ingeborg, Tamara Heck, and Marc Rittberger. "Systematic reviews as object to study relevance assessment processes." In ISIC: the Information Behaviour Conference. University of Borås, Borås, Sweden, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.47989/irisic2024.

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Introduction. Systematic reviews are a method to synthesise research results for evidence-based decision-making on a specific question. Processes of information seeking and behaviour play a crucial role and might intensively influence the outcomes of a review. This paper proposes an approach to understand the relevance assessment and decision-making of researchers that conduct systematic reviews. Method. A systematic review was conducted to build up a database for text-based qualitative analyses of researchers’ decision-making in review processes. Analysis. The analysis focuses on the selection process of retrieved articles and introduces the method to investigate relevance assessment processes of researchers. Results. There are different methods to conduct reviews in research, and relevance assessment of documents within those processes is neither one-directional nor standardised. Research on information behaviour of researchers involved in those reviews has not looked at relevance assessment steps and their influence in a review’s outcomes. Conclusions. A reason for the varieties and inconsistencies of review types might be that information seeking and relevance assessment are much more complex and researchers might not be able to draw upon their concrete decisions. This paper proposes a research study to investigate researcher behaviour while synthesising research results for evidence-based decision-making.
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Blackburn, D. R., and E. J. Thompson. "The Manufacture and Use of Sludge Test Materials for R&D Purposes in the Treatment and Processing of Magnox Based Sludge." In ASME 2013 15th International Conference on Environmental Remediation and Radioactive Waste Management. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2013-96055.

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Among the Intermediate Level Waste materials in store and awaiting treatment and processing in the UK are quantities of magnesium hydroxide sludge. This sludge is a product of radioactive magnox swarf which arose from the decanning of used magnox fuel element rods. As the swarf was stored underwater, a corrosion reaction occurred over the course of time between the magnox and the water resulting in a magnesium hydroxide based sludge. The differing conditions and materials present in the various storage areas means that the sludge can range in consistency from that of a slurry through to a thick clay. Sludge test materials are required to underpin and validate the research and development equipment and processes that are to be used to treat the waste material. Necessary restrictions imposed on the sampling and testing of the radioactive waste means that the available data on the properties and behaviour of the sludge is limited. The raw materials used to create the sludge test materials are based upon magnesium hydroxide so that as far as possible the chemical behaviour will be similar to that of the waste material. The most representative sludge test material is manufactured by the corrosion of non-radioactive magnox or magnesium. However, time constraints make it impractical to supply this material in sufficient quantities for full scale validation trials. An alternative is to use sludge manufactured from commercially available magnesium hydroxide. The particle shape of commercially available materials differs from corrosion product magnesium hydroxide which means that properties such as the rheological behaviour cannot be replicated. Nevertheless, valuable trial data can be obtained, giving a greater degree of confidence in the waste treatment process than would be possible if only the more representative but less available corrosion product materials were to be used. Key test material parameters used in the trials have been identified as the particle size distribution and the sludge thickness (measured as yield shear strength). Other properties including cohesion, adhesion and rheological behaviour are also considered. The use of different mixers for sludge manufacture has the potential to affect the behavioural properties and a brief description of each of these mixers is included. The scale of mixing has been found to make a significant difference to the ageing. A chemical impurity in the commercially available materials has been successfully exploited, so that sludge mixed at comparatively low yield shear strengths can thicken into the consistency of clay. This aids manufacture and allows large quantities of thick material to be produced relatively easily.
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Reports on the topic "Behavioural processes"

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Khan, Mahreen. Lessons from Adaptive Programming. Institute of Development Studies, September 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2022.142.

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The aim of adaptive programming (AP) is to produce adaptive, flexible, iterative, responsive, problem-driven, politically smart, locally led programmes which are effective and efficient and meet donor requirements for accountability. This is a rapid desk review of recent literature on AP including academic and grey sources. Section 2 covers the main challenges and barriers to successful implementation of AP. Key success factors are covered in Section 3. Selecting the appropriate monitoring and evaluation tools such as outcome harvesting or adapted versions of Value for Money to assist in measuring outcomes and embedding learning is key to successful AP, particularly in governance programmes, where results are usually long-term, non-linear and causality can be difficult to specifically trace back to the donor-funded intervention. Section 4 details three case studies from the governance arena as this report was requested to assist in designing adaptive governance programmes. Thus, the State Accountability and Voice Initiative (SAVI) from Nigeria, Chakua Hatua from Tanzania, and Within and Without the State (WWS) from conflict regions are included to show how flexible indicators, donor communication and negotiation, empowering teams and adopting monitoring and evaluation tools assisted in successful AP outcomes in different locations and political contexts. The challenges faced and drawbacks of certain processes were fed into efficient feedback loops fostering cross-communication, adaptation, and modification to ensure procedures and policies were changed accordingly. Sources used are primarily from the previous 5 years, as per K4D norms, unless the work is seminal, such as the ODI Report (2016) Doing Development Differently, which encouraged over 60 countries to sign up for the AP methodology. This review found a substantive body of literature on AP methodology the relative recency of academic attention on AP in the development less evidence is available on case studies of AP in the development sector, as there are not many ongoing projects and even fewer have been completed and results assessed (ICF, 2019). There is also a lack of case studies on how dynamic, empowered, innovative teams successfully apply adaptive programming ideas, particularly providing behavioural insights about such teams (Cooke, 2017) as well as little attention to precipitating and sustaining behaviour change in institutions over the longer term (Power, 2017).
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ter Horst, M. M. S., W. H. J. Beltman, and F. van den Berg. The TOXSWA model version 3.3 for pesticide behaviour in small surface waters : description of processes. Wageningen: Statutory Research Tasks Unit for Nature & the Environment, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.18174/401504.

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Cavatorta, Elisa, and Orazio Attanasio. Innovations in measurement and the evaluation of human behaviour. Centre for Excellence and Development Impact and Learning (CEDIL), November 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.51744/cmb9.

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If policymakers or researchers aim to improve an intervention, scale it up, or assess why it works and for whom, then focussing solely on direct outcomes is not enough. There are several ways in which evaluations can go beyond traditional outcome measurement and explore the underlying drivers of impact and the behaviours of beneficiaries and non-beneficiaries. - Measurement goes hand in hand with developing a theory of change, and the two work best when they evolve jointly: new (and better) measurements could allow the consideration of more flexible and realistic theories, while theory informs the construction and design of new measures. - Linking measurement to human behaviour and decision-making processes offers useful angles for identifying the underlying drivers of an intervention’s impacts. - Measurement innovation and improvements—including the construction of new measures—are an important endeavour requiring cross-disciplinary input. This endeavour should be promoted.
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Clark, Louise. The Diamond of Influence: A Model For Exploring Behaviour in Research to Policy Linkages. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), November 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/apra.2020.011.

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This learning paper presents an initial analysis of the emerging research to policy linkages within the Agricultural Policy Research in Africa (APRA) programme of the Future Agricultures Consortium, which is funded by the Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office (FCDO). APRA has an innovative monitoring, evaluation and learning approach known as the ‘Accompanied Learning on Relevance and Effectiveness’ (ALRE), which is being delivered by a small team of embedded evaluation specialists. This paper discusses how ALRE has applied the COM-B (Capability, Opportunity, Motivation and Behaviour) (Mayne 2018; Mayne 2016; Michie, van Stralen and West 2011) model of behaviour change to explore the interactions and influencing strategies between researchers and policymakers in the context of agricultural policy research in Africa. These insights have produced the Diamond of Influence, a new ALRE-adapted model, which applies each of the COM-B elements to discuss the different aspects of research to policy processes, drawing on examples of how researchers in each of the APRA focus countries (Ethiopia, Ghana, Malawi, Nigeria, Tanzania and Zimbabwe) are engaging in policy spaces.
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Choi, Y., G. Lee, and P. Rodgers. Understanding roles of care in the design process for sustainable behaviour: commitment and responsibility in packaging reuse. University of Limerick, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31880/10344/10202.

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Real Fernández, Elena. ¿PUEDE HABER 5 FASES DE DEFORMACIÓN HERCÍNICA EN LA ZONA DE VALDEMORILLO (MADRID)? Ilustre Colegio Oficial de Geólogos, October 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.21028/erf.2020.10.27.

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This work aims to understand the processes that have taken part in the deformation, both on a small and large scale, of metamorphic materials in Valdemorillo area, located in the west of the Community of Madrid and within the Spanish Central System. The objective is to understand the kinematic evolution and the specific mechanical behaviour of igneous-metamorphic materials from the area, deformed by certain efforts developed throughout the Hercynian Orogeny. Therefore, a structural analysis has been carried out throughout a geological mapping scaled 1: 25000 and the analysis of various petrographic studies by microscope. Thus, a total of 5 different deformations have been identified, which have allowed us to better understand the reconstruction of the processes generated in these materials and that we see today.
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Cavill, Sue, Chelsea Huggett, and Jose Mott. Engaging Men and Boys for Gender-Transformative WASH: Part 2, Frontiers of Sanitation. The Sanitation Learning Hub, Institute of Development Studies, July 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/slh.2022.004.

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This issue of Frontiers of Sanitation explores the extent to which engaging men and boys in WASH processes is leading to transformative change in gender roles, attitudes, and sustainable change in reducing gender inequalities across households, communities, organisations, and policy. This document is an update to Frontiers Part 1 produced in 2018. In Part 1, the differing roles of men and boys were reviewed in terms of objects to change (i.e. to change sanitation or hygiene behaviours), agents of change (in promoting improved practices), and partners for change in gender-transformative WASH processes. This update reviews progress and provides practical examples of the opportunities and challenges with this endeavour. It also includes recommendations for those thinking about why and how to include engaging men and boys as part of their WASH programmes.
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Bäumler, Maximilian, Madlen Ringhand, Christian Siebke, Marcus Mai, Felix Elrod, and Günther Prokop. Report on validation of the stochastic traffic simulation (Part B). Technische Universität Dresden, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.26128/2021.243.

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This document is intended to give an overview of the validation of the human subject study, conducted in the driving simulator of the Chair of Traffic and Transportation Psychology (Verkehrspsychologie – VPSY) of the Technische Universität Dresden (TUD), as well of the validation of the stochastic traffic simulation developed in the AutoDrive project by the Chair of Automotive Engineering (Lehrstuhl Kraftfahrzeugtechnik – LKT) of TUD. Furthermore, the evaluation process of a C-AEB (Cooperative-Automatic Emergency Brake) system is demonstrated. The main purpose was to compare the driving behaviour of the study participants and the driving behaviour of the agents in the traffic simulation with real world data. Based on relevant literature, a validation concept was designed and real world data was collected using drones and stationary cameras. By means of qualitative and quantitative analysis it could be shown, that the driving simulator study shows realistic driving behaviour in terms of mean speed. Moreover, the stochastic traffic simulation already reflects reality in terms of mean and maximum speed of the agents. Finally, the performed evaluation proofed the suitability of the developed stochastic simulation for the assessment process. Furthermore, it could be shown, that a C-AEB system improves the traffic safety for the chosen test-scenarios.
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Cavill, Sue, Joanna Mott, Paul Tyndale-Biscoe, Matthew Bond, Chelsea Huggett, and Elizabeth Wamera. Engaging Men and Boys in Sanitation and Hygiene Programmes. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), August 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/slh.2020.002.

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This issue of Frontiers of CLTS shares and builds on the learning from a desk study that explores examples of men’s and boys’ behaviours and gender roles in sanitation and hygiene (S&H). Of particular interest is the extent to which the engagement of men and boys in S&H processes is leading to sustainable and transformative change in households and communities and reducing gendered inequality. The review focuses on men and boys: how to engage them (or not), how to mobilise them as allies in the transformation of S&H outcomes and the problems they contribute to and experience.
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Whelan, Sally, Gabriella Ledis, Alayna Menecola, Madie Schulte, Giavanna Semiao, Arlene Mannion, and Geraldine Leader. Exploring the resilience of adults with autism spectrum disorder: A Scoping Review protocol. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, April 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.4.0049.

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Review question / Objective: This review aims to explore resilience in the context of autistic adults. To fulfil this aim, the review has the following objectives: • To explore how adults with autism experience and perceive their resilience. • To identify how empirical research has defined and measured resilience in populations of adults with autism. • To identify how resilience in autistic adults can be understood in terms of the resilience process. • To identify factors that can support the resilience of adults with autism. Condition being studied: Autism is a lifelong neurodevelopmental condition that has core features of intense interests, affective and social interaction difficulties, and a preference for repetitive behaviours (American Psychiatric Association, 2013). Resilience has been defined as an outcome, and/or a process through which people use resources to adapt positively to adversity, stress, or trauma (Windle, 2011).
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