Journal articles on the topic 'Behavioural nutrition'
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1
Stark, Lori J. "Can nutrition counselling be more behavioural? Lessons learned from dietary management of cystic fibrosis." Proceedings of the Nutrition Society 62, no. 4 (November 2003): 793–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/pns2003294.
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Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a genetically-inherited disorder that results in energy imbalance. Undernutrition is common in children with CF and associated with poor health outcomes. To ensure optimal growth and nutrition, children with CF are recommended to consume 120–150% of the recommended daily allowance (RDA) for energy, but most studies show they typically are only able to achieve 100% of the RDA. While biological factors clearly contribute to poor dietary adherence, recent studies have documented behavioural and environmental barriers to adherence that includes parent-child interaction at mealtimes. While not ‘abnormal’, parent behaviours such as paying increased attention to the child in the form of coaxing, commanding and feeding when the child is engaged in behaviours incompatible with eating (food refusal, talking, leaving the meal) may serve to reinforce these child non-eating behaviours. Thus, dietary counselling alone, albeit necessary, is typically insufficient because of failure to specifically address these behavioural and environmental barriers to dietary treatment. Behavioural intervention that targets both nutrition education and behavioural management has been found to be effective in achieving an average increased energy intake of 4200 kJ (1000)kcal/d and weight gain of 1·48 kg over 9 weeks in children with CF. This intervention utilizes self-monitoring, goal setting and shaping to structure the delivery of treatment. It also teaches parents to utilize child behaviour-management techniques to motivate children to increase their energy intake. These behavioural strategies include differential attention (praising and ignoring), contingency management and behavioural contracting. The potential application of these techniques to dietary counselling is suggested.
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Wachs, Theodore D. "Nutritional deficits and behavioural development." International Journal of Behavioral Development 24, no. 4 (December 2000): 435–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/016502500750037982.
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Despite a high incidence level the study of relations between nutritional deficits and children’s behavioural development is a topic that has been relatively neglected by developmental researchers. Such neglect has implications for the generalisability of developmental theories, especially to less developed countries where the majority of the world’s children live and where nutritional deficits are more likely to occur. This paper reviews evidence on the role played by nutritional deficits in children’s development and the mechanisms underlying nutrition → development links. Future directions for collaborative research between clinical, developmental, and nutritional scientists are proposed.
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Brug, Johannes, Stef P. Kremers, Frank van Lenthe, Kylie Ball, and David Crawford. "Environmental determinants of healthy eating: in need of theory and evidence." Proceedings of the Nutrition Society 67, no. 3 (August 2008): 307–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0029665108008616.
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In order to promote healthful nutrition, insight is needed into the determinants of nutrition behaviours. Behavioural determinant research and behavioural nutrition interventions have focused mostly on individual-level motivational factors. It has been argued that the individual's socio-cultural and physical environments may be the main determinants of nutrition behaviours. However, the theoretical basis and empirical evidence for environmental determinants of nutrition behaviours are not strong. The present paper is a narrative review informed by a series of systematic reviews and recent original studies on associations between environmental factors and nutrition behaviours to provide an overview and discussion of the evidence for environmental correlates and predictors of nutrition behaviour. Although the number of studies on potential environmental determinants of nutrition behaviours has increased steeply over the last decades, they include only a few well-designed studies with validated measures and guided by sound theoretical frameworks. The preliminary evidence from the available systematic reviews indicates that socio-cultural environmental factors defining what is socially acceptable, desirable and appropriate to eat may be more important for healthful eating than physical environments that define the availability and accessibility of foods. It is concluded that there is a lack of well-designed studies on environmental determinants of healthful eating behaviours. Preliminary evidence indicates that social environmental factors may be more important than physical environmental factors for healthful eating. Better-designed studies are needed to further build evidence-based theory on environmental determinants to guide the development of interventions to promote healthful eating.
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Jenkins, Eva L., Samara Legrand, Linda Brennan, Annika Molenaar, Mike Reid, and Tracy A. McCaffrey. "Psycho-Behavioural Segmentation in Food and Nutrition: A Systematic Scoping Review of the Literature." Nutrients 13, no. 6 (May 25, 2021): 1795. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13061795.
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Inadequate dietary intakes are a key modifiable risk factor to reduce the risk of developing non-communicable diseases. To encourage healthy eating and behaviour change, innovative public health interventions are required. Social marketing, in particular segmentation, can be used to understand and target specific population groups. However, segmentation often uses demographic factors, ignoring the reasons behind why people behave the way they do. This review aims to explore the food and nutrition related research that has utilised psycho-behavioural segmentation. Six databases from were searched in June 2020. Inclusion criteria were: published 2010 onwards, segmentation by psycho-behavioural variables, outcome related to food or nutrition, and healthy adult population over 18 years. 30 studies were included; most were quantitative (n = 28) and all studies used post-hoc segmentation methods, with the tools used to segment the population varying. None of the segments generated were targeted in future research. Psycho-behavioural factors are key in understanding people’s behaviour. However, when used in post-hoc segmentation, do not allow for effective targeting as there is no prior understanding of behaviours that need to change within each segment. In future, we should move towards hybrid segmentation to assist with the design of interventions that target behaviours such as healthy eating.
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Engle, Patrice L., Margaret Bentley, and Gretel Pelto. "The role of care in nutrition programmes: current research and a research agenda." Proceedings of the Nutrition Society 59, no. 1 (February 2000): 25–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0029665100000045.
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The importance of cultural and behavioural factors in children’s nutrition, particularly with regard to feeding, has been recognized only recently. The combination of evidence regarding the importance of caregiving behaviour for good nutrition, and improved strategies for measuring behaviour have led to a renewed interest in care. The UNICEF conceptual framework suggests that care, in addition to food security and health care services, are critical for children’s survival, growth and development. The present paper focuses on the care practice of complementary feeding, specifically behavioural factors such as parental interaction patterns, feeding style and adaptation of feeding to the child’s motor abilities (self-feeding or feeding by others). Three kinds of feeding styles (Birch & Fisher, 1995) are identified: controlling; laissez-faire; responsive. Probable effects of each feeding style on nutrient intake are described. A number of studies of feeding behaviour have suggested that the laissez-faire style is most frequently observed among families and communities with a higher prevalence of malnourished children. Nutrition interventions that have been able to show significant effects on outcomes, such as the Hearth Model in Vietnam (Sternin et al. 1997), have usually incorporated behavioural components in their intervention. At this time, there have been no tests of the efficacy of behavioural interventions to improve feeding practices. Research is needed to understand behavioural factors in complementary feeding, and to identify and test intervention strategies designed to improve nutrient intake of young children. Finally, the paper concludes with a discussion of how nutrition programmes might change if care were incorporated.
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Vijaykumar, Santosh, Andrew McNeill, and Joshua Simpson. "Associations between conflicting nutrition information, nutrition confusion and backlash among consumers in the UK." Public Health Nutrition 24, no. 5 (January 12, 2021): 914–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980021000124.
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AbstractObjective:To examine the effects of exposure to conflicting nutritional information (CNI) through different forms of media on nutrition-related confusion and backlash among consumers in the UK.Design:Cross-sectional survey administered via Qualtrics among 18–75-year-old participants in the UK. The sample was stratified by age and gender with quotas defined according to the 2011 UK census distribution.Setting:Qualtrics’ Online panel of respondents in the UK.Participants:676 participants comprising nearly an equal number of females (n 341) and males (n 335) and a majority (58·6 %) from households whose income was <£30 000.Results:Our findings showed that nearly 40 % of respondents were exposed to some or a lot of CNI. We found that while exposure to CNI from TV and online news increased nutrition confusion, CNI from health professionals increased backlash. Exposure to CNI from social media and health websites was associated with reduced backlash. We also found that nutrition confusion and backlash were negatively associated with exercise behaviour and fruit and vegetable consumption, respectively.Conclusions:Our study supports the theoretical pathways that explain the influence of CNI exposure on nutrition-related cognitive and behavioural outcomes. Additionally, different types of online information sources are associated with these outcomes to varying degrees. In the context of obesity and diabetes rates in the UK, our findings call for (a) further experimental research into the effects of CNI on consumers’ diet-related cognitions and behaviours and (b) multi-stakeholder, interdisciplinary approaches to address this problem.
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Vidal, Gabriela, Leandro Machín, Jessica Aschemann-Witzel, and Gastón Ares. "Does message framing matter for promoting the use of nutritional warnings in decision making?" Public Health Nutrition 22, no. 16 (August 29, 2019): 3025–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980019002507.
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AbstractObjective:To evaluate the impact of message framing on attitudes towards messages aimed at promoting the use of nutritional warnings, behavioural intention and actual behaviour, evaluated through visual attention to nutritional warnings and the choice of a snack product during a real choice task.Design:Following a between-subjects design, participants were exposed to loss-framed nutrition messages, gain-framed nutrition messages or non-nutrition-related messages (control group). After evaluating the messages, participants were asked to select a snack product as a compensation for their participation. The experiment was conducted using an eye tracker.Setting:Montevideo (Uruguay).Participants:Convenience sample of 201 people (18–51 years old, 58 % female).Results:The average percentage of participants who fixated their gaze on the nutritional warnings during the choice task was slightly but significantly higher for participants who attended to nutrition messages (regardless of their framing) compared with the control group. Participants who attended to loss-framed messages fixated their gaze on the warnings for the longest period of time. In addition, the healthfulness of the snack choices was higher for participants exposed to nutrition-related messages compared with the control group.Conclusions:Results from the present work suggest that nutrition messages aimed at increasing awareness of nutritional warnings may increase consumers’ visual attention and encourage more heathful choices. The framing of the messages only had a minor effect on their efficacy.
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Forys-Donahue, Kelly L., Raina D. Brooks, Matthew R. Beymer, and Joseph Pecko. "The association between nutrition and behavioural health in a US Army population." Public Health Nutrition 23, no. 17 (August 26, 2020): 3059–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980020001238.
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AbstractObjective:The relationship between nutrition and behavioural health (BH) outcomes has been established in the literature. However, the relationship between nutrition and anxiety is unclear. Furthermore, the relationship between nutrition and BH outcomes has not been examined in a US Army Soldier population. This study sought to understand the relationship between Soldiers’ nutritional intake and anxiety as well as depression.Design:This cross-sectional study utilised multivariable logistic regression analyses to examine the relationship between nutritional intake and BH outcomes.Setting:The study utilised data collected in 2018 during a BH epidemiological consultation conducted at one Army installation.Participants:Participants were 7043 US Army Soldiers at one Army installation.Results:Of the Soldiers completing the survey, 12 % (n 812) screened positive for anxiety and 11 % (n 774) for depression. The adjusted odds of anxiety were significantly higher among Soldiers who reported low fruit intake compared with Soldiers who reported high fruit intake (adjusted OR (AOR) 1·36; 95 % CI 1·04, 1·79). The adjusted odds of depression were higher for Soldiers who reported low fruit intake (AOR 1·35; 95 % CI 1·01, 1·79) and/or low green vegetable intake (AOR 1·37; 95 % CI 1·02, 1·83). Lastly, the adjusted odds of depression were lower for Soldiers who reported low sugary drink intake (AOR 0·62; 95 % CI 0·48, 0·81).Conclusions:This study is the first to examine the important connection between nutritional intake and anxiety and depression at a US military installation. The information learned from this study has implications for enhancing Soldiers’ nutritional knowledge and BH, ultimately improving Soldiers’ health and medical readiness.
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A. V., Surya, and Rahul Sharma. "Understanding the Impact of Open Defaecation on Child Diarrhoea and Nutrition Indicators." Journal of Health Management 21, no. 4 (December 2019): 487–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0972063419884446.
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There are various individual factors that impact child diarrhoea-related behaviours among primary care seekers. Behavioural factors, social norms, economic considerations, access to healthcare, gender, etc., are some of the factors that can impact the treatment-seeking behaviour of the parents for their children who are suffering from diarrhoea. This article also establishes the relationship between open defaecation as a social behaviour and the incidence of child diarrhoea. Other than this, the relationship between open defaecation and child nutritional indicators is also established through substantive evidence. Open defaecation is known to have significant health impact, especially on children. Children from ODF distrcits are also significantly less wasted and under weighing than children from Non-ODF districts. However, the open defaecation free (ODF) status showed no significant impact on stunting in the current study.
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Kupolati, Mojisola D., Una E. MacIntyre, and Gerda J. Gericke. "School-based nutrition education: features and challenges for success." Nutrition & Food Science 44, no. 6 (November 10, 2014): 520–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/nfs-01-2014-0001.
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Purpose – The aim of this review is to critically assess published articles on school-based nutrition education (NE) intervention to identify factors hindering or contributing to the success of interventions. School-based NE possesses the capacity to influence learners’ nutrition behaviours. Design/methodology/approach – An electronic search of articles was conducted in Medline, PubMed, the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature databases, Google and snowballing. Included in the review were school-based studies with classroom NE with or without nutrition services and studies published between 2000 and 2013. School-based non-intervention studies and interventions that did not include a nutrition teaching component were excluded in the review. Findings – Thirty-nine studies met the inclusion criteria. Features of successful NE interventions included the use of behavioural theories, especially the social cognitive theory and the involvement of trained teachers in the implementation of interventions. Capacity development for teachers, time constraints, school policies and implementation problems of multicomponent interventions were some of the identified challenges encountered in the studies reviewed. Originality/value – Trained teachers are invaluable assets in interventions to improve nutrition behaviours of learners. Challenges associated with teacher-oriented school-based NE intervention can be overcome by properly designed and implemented interventions based on behavioural theory.
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Mojtahedzadeh, Natascha, Elisabeth Rohwer, Felix Alexander Neumann, Albert Nienhaus, Matthias Augustin, Birgit-Christiane Zyriax, Volker Harth, and Stefanie Mache. "The Health Behaviour of German Outpatient Caregivers in Relation to Their Working Conditions: A Qualitative Study." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 11 (June 1, 2021): 5942. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18115942.
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Ongoing demographic change is leading to an increasingly older society and a rising proportion of people in need of care in the German population. Therefore, the professional group of outpatient caregivers is highly relevant. Their work is characterised not only by interacting with patients in a mobile setting but also by working in shifts. Health behaviour under these specific working conditions is crucial for ensuring long-term work ability and performance. Little is known about the health behaviour of German outpatient caregivers and its potential impact on their work. The aims of the study were (1) to examine health behavioural patterns (nutrition, exercise, smoking, regeneration) of outpatient caregivers, (2) to illuminate their personal health-promoting behaviours, and (3) to identify potential work-related factors influencing their health behaviour. Fifteen problem-centred interviews were conducted with outpatient caregivers working in Northern Germany in the period January–April 2020. Interviews were analysed by using qualitative content analysis. Outpatient caregivers reported improvable nutrition and hydration, with simultaneous high coffee consumption, low physical activity, poor regeneration (breaks and sleep quality), and good personal health-promoting behaviour (e.g., back-friendly habits), although the majority were smokers. Barriers to the implementation of health-promoting behaviours were a high perception of stress due to increased workload and time pressure, while aids to better health-promoting behaviour were described as being social support and personal resources. The respondents perceived their working conditions as potentially influencing their health behaviour. On the basis of their descriptions, various practice-relevant strategies were derived. The data explore a potential need for outpatient care services to develop interventions on behavioural and structural levels that can help create healthier working conditions for their employees so these caregivers can adopt better health behaviours.
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de Leeuw, J. A., J. E. Bolhuis, G. Bosch, and W. J. J. Gerrits. "Effects of dietary fibre on behaviour and satiety in pigs." Proceedings of the Nutrition Society 67, no. 4 (August 20, 2008): 334–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s002966510800863x.
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During the past decades there has been considerable interest in the use of dietary fibre in both animal and human nutrition. In human subjects dietary fibre has been studied intensively for possible effects on body-weight management and health. In animal nutrition the interest in dietary fibre has increased because it can be used as a cheap source of energy and because of its potential to improve animal welfare and reduce abnormal (mainly stereotypic) behaviour. Animal welfare is impaired if the diet does not provide sufficient satiety, combined with an environment that does not meet specific behavioural requirements related to natural feeding habits (e.g. rooting in pigs). A considerable proportion of the behavioural effects of dietary fibre are thought to be related to reduced feeding motivation. It has been hypothesized that: (1) bulky fibres increase satiety and thereby decrease physical activity and stereotypic behaviours immediately following a meal in pigs; (2) fermentable fibres prolong postprandial satiety and thereby reduce physical activity and appetitive behaviours for many hours after a meal. The validity of these hypotheses is examined by considering published data. In sows dietary fibres (irrespective of source) reduce stereotypic self-directed behaviours and substrate-directed behaviours, and to a lesser extent overall physical activity, indicating enhanced satiety shortly after a meal. Furthermore, fermentable dietary fibre reduces substrate-directed behaviour in sows and physical activity in sows and growing pigs for many hours after a meal. Evidence of long-term effects of poorly-fermentable fibre sources is inconclusive. The findings suggest that highly-fermentable dietary fibres have a higher potential to prolong postprandial satiety.
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Kousha, Ahmad, Zeinab Nemati, Hamid Allahverdipour, Faezeh Ghalichi, and Hossein Matlabi. "Behavioural Patterns of Physical Activity and Nutritional Habits among Urban and Rural Students." Current Nutrition & Food Science 15, no. 6 (September 18, 2019): 565–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1573401314666180723161925.
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Background: Adolescence is considered as one of the most vulnerable periods. The deficiencies and poor nutritional habits and lack of physical activity will have irreparable consequences in adulthood. This study was aimed to determine the behavioural patterns of nutritional and physical activity among the urban and rural students in Urmia, Iran. Methods: The present study was designed and implemented using a sectional and descriptive-analytic approach. Using a stratified random sampling method, 194 males and 191 female high school students were chosen to participate. Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile II (HPLPII) was used for data collection. The overall average score of physical activity in students was 55.57 ± 4.88, and in the aspect of nutritional behaviour it was equal to 64.04 ± 3.67. Results: No significant difference was observed between physical activity, nutritional behaviours and socio-demographic variables (gender, type of school, place of residence, parental education). Based on multivariate regression analysis, there was a significant relationship between physical activity and the field of education. Furthermore, a significant relationship was found between children’s nutritional behaviour and mothers’ education. Conclusion: Considering importance of mothers’ role in upbringing adolescents and forming their healthy behavioural patterns and the significant relationship of mothers’ education and healthy behaviours, training and increasing health literacy level of this class of population can be an imperative step in promoting the mental and physical health of adolescents.
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Ismail, Noor Akmal Shareela, Nurul Syafinaz Ramli, Nur Hana Hamzaid, and Nurul Izzaty Hassan. "Exploring Eating and Nutritional Challenges for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: Parents’ and Special Educators’ Perceptions." Nutrients 12, no. 9 (August 20, 2020): 2530. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12092530.
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Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex neurodevelopmental disability that is frequently associated with food refusal, limited food repertoire and high-frequency single food intake mainly among children with ASD. Provision of nutrition can be very challenging due to the fact of these behavioural problems, either for the parents or special educators. Healthy nutrition is associated with providing and consuming nutritious food with results being in a good state of health. Semi-structured focus group discussions (FGDs) were conducted among 20 participants at a National Autism Centre to explore their understanding towards healthy nutrition. They were parents and special educators who were actively involved with children with ASD. A series of discussions were transcribed verbatim, and four researchers examined each transcript. Inductive analysis linking codes into main thematic categories was conducted using the constant comparison approach across the full data set. The outcome suggested that participants had limited knowledge relating to the proper dietary and nutritional needs of the children. The key messages from the discussion provide a foundation on the development of a nutrition education module which involves primary caretakers of children with ASD.
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Gubbels, Jessica S., Stef PJ Kremers, R. Alexandra Goldbohm, Annette Stafleu, and Carel Thijs. "Energy balance-related behavioural patterns in 5-year-old children and the longitudinal association with weight status development in early childhood." Public Health Nutrition 15, no. 8 (November 29, 2011): 1402–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980011003089.
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AbstractObjectiveThe current study examined clustering of dietary intake and activity behaviours (i.e. physical activity (PA) and sedentary behaviour) in 5-year-old children, as well as the longitudinal association with BMI and overweight development.DesignPrincipal component analysis (PCA) was used to identify behavioural patterns. Backward regression analyses were used to examine the association of behavioural patterns with parent and child background characteristics, as well as the association of the patterns with BMI Z-score and overweight development up to ages 7 and 8 years.SettingThe Netherlands.SubjectsData originated from the KOALA Birth Cohort Study (n 2074 at age 5 years).ResultsFour patterns emerged: a ‘sedentary-snacking’ pattern (including television viewing and snack consumption), a ‘healthy intake’ pattern (including healthy items such as fruit, vegetables and fish), a ‘sandwich’ pattern (including bread and sandwich fillings) and a ‘sporty-traditional meal’ pattern (including sports, meat and potatoes). The patterns were related to child gender, general appetite and various parental characteristics. The sedentary-snacking pattern was positively associated with longitudinal BMI development.ConclusionsCross-behavioural energy balance-related behavioural patterns exist at age 5 years. Different activity types (e.g. sports, television viewing) clustered differently with the behavioural patterns, indicating the need to incorporate these different types instead of one general PA measure in energy balance-related pattern analyses. The clustering and potential synergy between activity behaviours and dietary intake, as well as the associations with weight status development, stress the importance of an integrated approach to PA and healthy nutrition promotion in preventing childhood overweight.
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van Dillen, Sonja ME, Gerrit Jan Hiddink, Maria A. Koelen, Cees de Graaf, and Cees MJ van Woerkum. "Exploration of possible correlates of nutrition awareness and the relationship with nutrition-related behaviours: results of a consumer study." Public Health Nutrition 11, no. 5 (August 15, 2007): 478–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980007000754.
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AbstractObjectivesTo unravel the concept of nutrition awareness, as it relates to risky personal nutrition-related behaviours, and to assess the sociodemographic and psychosocial correlates of nutrition awareness.DesignData were collected in a cross-sectional study with the aid of a face-to-face interview-assisted questionnaire that was based on the Precaution Adoption Process Model and Stages of Change Model.SettingDutch consumer homes.SubjectsSix hundred and three Dutch adults aged 18 to 80 years, selected from a panel.ResultsOur model explains nutrition awareness well (explained variance 53.7%). Psychosocial correlates were involvement with nutrition, health awareness, association with healthy food, perceived relevance of eating less fat, association with necessity, perceived relevance of vitamins, and perceived attributes of independent organisations. Sociodemographic correlates were gender and age. The relationship between nutrition awareness and nutrition-related behaviours proved to be very complicated.ConclusionsThe value of our study is that it unravels the concept of nutrition awareness. Understanding the correlates of nutrition awareness can contribute to a more effective application of behavioural change models. Our results support increasing involvement with nutrition through personalising and tailoring to the motivational stage.
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Ratnaningtyas, Laras Agitya, Intan Wahyuni Tukiyo, and Helfi Agustin. "Hubungan tingkat pengetahuan tentang gizi, peer group dan uang saku dengan pemilihan jajanan pada siswa SLTP." Jurnal Cakrawala Promkes 3, no. 2 (August 1, 2021): 77–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.12928/promkes.v3i2.4857.
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Poor nutritional behaviour among students is the increasing of snacking proportion and the consumption unnutritious and unsafe food. The aims of the study was to know the determinants of school children's snack behavior using behavioural ecological model. This was a cross-sectional study design based on ecological models behaviour. The study was conducted at a state junior high school in Sleman Regency, D.I Yogyakarta. The sample was 80 students of 381 students. The data were analyzed by the chi-square test. The result showed that only 52.5% students had selected behaviour in snacking, 50% students had a good level of knowledge about nutrition and food security, 68.8% had a large amount of pocket money, 83.8% had breakfast habit, 70% were highly influenced by peers. There were significant relations between knowledge about nutrition and food security and breakfast habits. There were no significant relations between the amount of pocket money, peers with students' behaviour to the selection of snacks in the State Junior High School in Sleman, Special Region Yogyakarta. It is recommended for schools to strengthen their school health institutions through increasing the role of student cadres and counseling about nutrition and food safety in the provision of healthy canteens. Include content about nutrition and the consequences of consuming unsafe food, placing posters on healthy and unhealthy food in the school canteen. Schools are also advised to provide socialization to parents and students about the importance of having breakfast and bringing lunch from home.
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Grifiths, Marcia. "Social Marketing: Achieving Changes in Nutrition Behaviour, from Household Practices to National Policies." Food and Nutrition Bulletin 15, no. 1 (March 1994): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/156482659401500118.
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A case is made for bringing behaviaural concerns onto a par with epidemiological, economic, and clinical considerations in nutrition programming. Several successful programme examples demonstrate the key role that family behaviour plays in nutrition-status outcome and how modifications in family practices can result in improved nutrition status. The approach used to discover and address behavioural concerns in these programmes was social marketing. The paper describes how social marketing goes beyond communications activities into the design and implementation of all programme components where actions are needed to facilitate beneficial practices. By ensuring that the voice of the client is heard in programme decisions, social marketing assists in bringing programmes closer to community needs and thus enhances the potential for success. A list of recommendations is included for putting a behaviour-change focus into nutrition planning.
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Harris, Mark F., Mahnaz Fanaian, Upali W. Jayasinghe, Megan Passey, David Lyle, Suzanne McKenzie, and Gawaine Powell Davies. "What predicts patient-reported GP management of smoking, nutrition, alcohol, physical activity and weight?" Australian Journal of Primary Health 18, no. 2 (2012): 123. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py11024.
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This study aimed to describe patient-reported management of behavioural risk factors in Australian general practice. Six hundred and ninety-eight eligible patients from 30 general practices in two rural and three urban Divisions of General Practice responded to a mailed invitation to participate and completed a questionnaire. Data were analysed using univariate and multi-level multivariate methods. The prevalence of risk factors varied between 12.6% for smoking and 72.6% for at-risk diet (56.2% were overweight). Most patients were at the action or maintenance phases of their readiness to change their risky behaviours. General practitioners (GPs) provided education or advice to between one-quarter and one-third of those at risk for each risk factor; 9.2% and 9.6% of patients reported having been referred for diet or physical activity interventions. Patient body mass index was associated with increased likelihood of receiving GP advice or referral for diet and physical activity interventions. Having poor diet or physical activity levels and being more ready for change were not associated with the likelihood of GP referral. The major challenge for general practice is to ensure that effective lifestyle interventions are provided to those who will most benefit. Patient-reported GP behavioural risk factor advice and referral is less frequent than is optimal. Priority needs to be given to those most at risk and ready to change their behaviour.
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Stubbs, R. James, Cristiana Duarte, Ruairi O'Driscoll, Jake Turicchi, and Joanna Michalowska. "Developing evidence-based behavioural strategies to overcome physiological resistance to weight loss in the general population." Proceedings of the Nutrition Society 78, no. 4 (October 31, 2019): 576–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0029665119001083.
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Physiological and behavioural systems are tolerant of excess energy intake and responsive to energy deficits. Weight loss (WL) changes body structure, physiological function and energy balance (EB) behaviours, which resist further WL and promote subsequent weight regain. Measuring and understanding the response of EB systems to energy deficits is important for developing evidence-based behaviour change interventions for longer-term weight management. Currently, behaviour change approaches for longer-term WL show modest effect sizes. Self-regulation of EB behaviours (e.g. goal setting, action plans, self-monitoring, relapse prevention plans) and aspects of motivation are important for WL maintenance. Stress management, emotion regulation and food hedonics may also be important for relapse prevention, but the evidence is less concrete. Although much is known about the effects of WL on physiological and psychological function, little is known about the way these dynamic changes affect human EB behaviours. Key areas of future importance include (i) improved methods for detailed tracking of energy expenditure, balance and by subtraction intake, using digital technologies, (ii) how WL impacts body structure, function and subsequent EB behaviours, (iii) how behaviour change approaches can overcome physiological resistance to WL and (iv) who is likely to maintain WL or relapse. Modelling physiological and psychological moderators and mediators of EB-related behaviours is central to understanding and improving longer-term weight and health outcomes in the general population.
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Pettigrew, Simone. "Primary care implications of parents' nutrition beliefs." Australian Journal of Primary Health 15, no. 2 (2009): 146. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py08064.
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The present study investigated nutrition-related beliefs and behaviours among parents of varying socioeconomic profiles to facilitate more effective primary care interventions to improve parents’ child-feeding practices. A questionnaire comprising attitudinal and behavioural items was administered to parents at three Perth primary schools. A response rate of 21% (n = 181) was obtained. Respondents exhibited a good understanding of most of the issues under investigation, indicating that efforts could focus on changing specific behaviours rather than attempting to increase general awareness of the importance of children’s diets to their health and wellbeing. The results suggest that education relating to appetite regulation could be beneficial to all parents, although medium socioeconomic status families appear to be most in need of this information as well as knowledge relating to repeatedly offering new foods to children to foster preference. Information about the need for healthy school canteens and the desirability of reducing television viewing during meals may be more productively targeted to low and medium socioeconomic status families.
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Sundborn, Gerhard, Loma Veatupu, Simon Thornley, Jacquie Bay, Jazmin Greig, and Susan Dunlop. "‘water-only’ school nutrition policy: impetus, implementation and impact – views from the Principal." Pacific Health Dialog 21, no. 9 (July 15, 2022): 622–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.26635/phd.2022.125.
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Yendarra primary school is located in Ōtara Auckland, New Zealand and is comprised of Pasifika and Māori students aged from 5 – 11 years old. The school is notable for its prioritisation of nutrition in its curriculum and policies. Here, we describe the reasoning for, implementation of and impacts of the policy from interviews of staff. Implementation of the ‘water-only’ policy in 2006, was primarily to address behavioural problems. Almost immediately, significant improvements in behaviour were observed. Following this positive experience, school leadership then focussed on improving school nutrition. Initially, most students did not bring lunch or brought unhealthy processed foods. The leadership team undertook a process including clearly communicating with the school community, using positive reinforcement, valuing student agency, and role modelling preferred behaviours to promote water-only and healthy-kai (food) practices in the school. This enabled a transformational change in the school and communities’ values and culture where water and healthy kai became a norm. Fifteen years on the benefits of these policies are wide-ranging, including improved behaviour, better achievement, happy students, better oral health and improved well-being.
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Karamanian, V., B. Zepka, A. Ernst, C. West, G. Grode, and C. Miller. "Goal-setting program improves nutrition and physical activity among Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program eligible adults." Public Health Nutrition 23, no. 11 (April 16, 2020): 1924–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980019004518.
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AbstractObjective:To examine the impact of Nutrition for Life (NFL), a goal-setting nutrition education program, on the knowledge, self-efficacy and behaviour of adults eligible for Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program-Education.Design:NFL was developed using a 4-week goal-setting behavioural strategy focused on nutrition, physical activity and meal planning techniques. A quantitative repeated-measures design using self-reported data was collected at pre- and post-interventions and at 1-week and 1-month follow-ups.Setting:Two Federally Qualified Health Centers in Philadelphia, PA, USA.Participants:A total of ninety-eight participants enrolled in the intervention; the majority were women (80·2 %), Black/Non-Hispanic (75·0 %) and 45–54 year old (39·6 %).Results:Participants showed significant improvement in knowledge, self-efficacy and behaviour. Specifically, mean daily intake for vegetables increased by 0·31 cup (P < 0·05) and for fruits by 0·39 cup (P < 0·01) at 1-week follow-up. Participants also showed healthier behaviour at 1-month follow-up. Planning at least seven meals per week increased from 14·8 to 50 % (P < 0·01), completing at least 30 min of physical activity every day in the last week increased from 16·7 to 36 % (P < 0·01) and consuming water with all meals increased from 39 to 70·6 % (P < 0·01).Conclusions:The implementation of a goal-oriented nutrition education program offers a promising approach at achieving positive behaviour change among SNAP-eligible adults.
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Wijnhoven, Trudy MA, Joop MA van Raaij, Agneta Yngve, Agneta Sjöberg, Marie Kunešová, Vesselka Duleva, Ausra Petrauskiene, Ana I. Rito, and João Breda. "WHO European Childhood Obesity Surveillance Initiative: health-risk behaviours on nutrition and physical activity in 6–9-year-old schoolchildren." Public Health Nutrition 18, no. 17 (July 1, 2015): 3108–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980015001937.
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AbstractObjectiveTo assess to what extent eight behavioural health risks related to breakfast and food consumption and five behavioural health risks related to physical activity, screen time and sleep duration are present among schoolchildren, and to examine whether health-risk behaviours are associated with obesity.DesignCross-sectional design as part of the WHO European Childhood Obesity Surveillance Initiative (school year 2007/2008). Children’s behavioural data were reported by their parents and children’s weight and height measured by trained fieldworkers. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression analyses were performed.SettingPrimary schools in Bulgaria, Lithuania, Portugal and Sweden; paediatric clinics in the Czech Republic.SubjectsNationally representative samples of 6–9-year-olds (n 15 643).ResultsAll thirteen risk behaviours differed statistically significantly across countries. Highest prevalence estimates of risk behaviours were observed in Bulgaria and lowest in Sweden. Not having breakfast daily and spending screen time ≥2 h/d were clearly positively associated with obesity. The same was true for eating ‘foods like pizza, French fries, hamburgers, sausages or meat pies’ >3 d/week and playing outside <1 h/d. Surprisingly, other individual unhealthy eating or less favourable physical activity behaviours showed either no or significant negative associations with obesity. A combination of multiple less favourable physical activity behaviours showed positive associations with obesity, whereas multiple unhealthy eating behaviours combined did not lead to higher odds of obesity.ConclusionsDespite a categorization based on international health recommendations, individual associations of the thirteen health-risk behaviours with obesity were not consistent, whereas presence of multiple physical activity-related risk behaviours was clearly associated with higher odds of obesity.
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Micallef, David, Linda Brennan, Lukas Parker, Bruno Schivinski, and Michaela Jackson. "Where Do Online Games Fit into the Health Behaviour Ecology of Emerging Adults: A Scoping Review." Nutrients 13, no. 8 (August 23, 2021): 2895. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13082895.
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Online video games are a common pastime for emerging adults (EAs). EAs are an age group that is of interest in health communication because habits formed during this life stage can cause or prevent disease later in life. Guided by three research questions, this scoping review identifies the current state of research into socio-ecological influences on physical activity and diet behaviours of EAs. The review also examines the role that online video games play within this behavioural ecology. In total, 112 articles were found that focused on behavioural ecological influences for physical activity and diet behaviour among EAs. Seven of these articles focused on the impact of online video games, although only in conjunction with their influence on physical activity, identifying a gap in understanding the influence of online games on diet. Results show that online video games are currently under-researched in terms of impacts on physical activity and diet despite the prevalence of the use of these games within the EA cohort.
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Soh, Nerissa L., Garry Walter, Louise Baur, and Clare Collins. "Nutrition, mood and behaviour: a review." Acta Neuropsychiatrica 21, no. 5 (October 2009): 214–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1601-5215.2009.00413.x.
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Objective:To conduct a critical review of recent empirical research regarding mood, behaviour and nutrition factors including essential fatty acids, macronutrients, micronutrients and food additives.Method:A literature search of databases Medline, PsycInfo, CINAHL and Embase up to October 2008. The search emphasised empirical research published in the last 10 years and also included older literature. Studies in both adults and children were addressed.Results:Research into omega-3 fatty acids has been substantial but evidence for their potential in treating mood and behaviour is modest. In comparison, there has been much less research into carbohydrate and protein intakes and little evidence for their ability to influence mood and behaviour. Recent trials with food additives suggest their removal from the diet may benefit susceptible children with hyperactivity disorders. Micronutrient supplementation appears to improve mood only in those who were initially deficient in micronutrients.Conclusions:More stringent research designs such as longitudinal studies and the use of biologically inert placebos within randomised controlled trials are needed before supplemental use of omega-3 fatty acids to treat disorders of mood and behaviour can be recommended. Caution is advised regarding the indiscriminate use of diets free of artificial food additives in managing hyperactivity disorders, as they may place an undue burden on individuals and their families. Should omega-3 fatty acid supplementation or the elimination of certain food additives be established as effective, they may provide cost-effective, accessible and well-tolerated adjuncts to standard psychiatric treatments for mood and behavioural disturbances.
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Blundell, J. E. "The contribution of behavioural science to nutrition: Appetite control." Nutrition Bulletin 42, no. 3 (August 15, 2017): 236–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/nbu.12279.
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Mellor, David J., Ngaio J. Beausoleil, Katherine E. Littlewood, Andrew N. McLean, Paul D. McGreevy, Bidda Jones, and Cristina Wilkins. "The 2020 Five Domains Model: Including Human–Animal Interactions in Assessments of Animal Welfare." Animals 10, no. 10 (October 14, 2020): 1870. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani10101870.
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Throughout its 25-year history, the Five Domains Model for animal welfare assessment has been regularly updated to include at each stage the latest authenticated developments in animal welfare science thinking. The domains of the most up-to-date Model described here are: 1 Nutrition, 2 Physical Environment, 3 Health, 4 Behavioural Interactions and 5 Mental State. The first four domains focus attention on factors that give rise to specific negative or positive subjective experiences (affects), which contribute to the animal’s mental state, as evaluated in Domain 5. More specifically, the first three domains focus mainly on factors that disturb or disrupt particular features of the body’s internal stability. Each disturbed or disrupted feature generates sensory inputs which are processed by the brain to form specific negative affects, and these affects are associated with behaviours that act to restore the body’s internal stability. As each such behaviour is essential for the survival of the animal, the affects associated with them are collectively referred to as “survival-critical affects”. In contrast, Domain 4, now named Behavioural Interactions, focusses on evidence of animals consciously seeking specific goals when interacting behaviourally with (1) the environment, (2) other non-human animals and (3) as a new feature of the Model outlined here, humans. The associated affects, evaluated via Domain 5, are mainly generated by brain processing of sensory inputs elicited by external stimuli. The success of the animals’ behavioural attempts to achieve their chosen goals is reflected in whether the associated affects are negative or positive. Collectively referred to as “situation-related affects”, these outcomes are understood to contribute to animals’ perceptions of their external circumstances. These observations reveal a key distinction between the way survival-critical and situation-related affects influence animals’ aligned behaviours. The former mainly reflect compelling motivations to engage in genetically embedded behavioural responses, whereas the latter mainly involve conscious behavioural choices which are the hallmarks of agency. Finally, numerous examples of human–animal interactions and their attendant affects are described, and the qualitative grading of interactions that generate negative or positive affect is also illustrated.
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Olivieri, Emanuela, Fabio Scaramelli, Maria Stella Valente, and Michele Valente. "Il modello del counseling nutrizionale nella gestione del paziente pediatrico in sovrappeso." QUADERNI ACP 28, no. 1 (2021): 39–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.53141/qacp.2021.39-41.
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As assessed by the recent data published by the Observatory “Okkio alla Salute” [1-2], the overweight and the obesity are increasingly common in childhood; in Italy, the 23% of kids of 8/9 years are overweighed and the 9% of them are obese. The diet therapy for the pediatric patient is increasingly necessary at local, outpatient and hospital level. The diet therapy and nutritional programmes, however, present some specific issues and complexities, from different points of view (biological and technical, behavioural and communication one). In this Paper, the Authors propose and analyse the approach to the child and its family context based on the Nutritional Counselling model. The Paper illustrates the theoretic principles and applicative practices of an approach based on a systemic view of the nutrition behaviour.
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Dix, Clare F., Linda Brennan, Mike Reid, Tracy A. McCaffrey, Annika Molenaar, Amy Barklamb, Shinyi Chin, and Helen Truby. "Nutrition Meets Social Marketing: Targeting Health Promotion Campaigns to Young Adults Using the Living and Eating for Health Segments." Nutrients 13, no. 9 (September 10, 2021): 3151. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13093151.
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Young adults are a key target age group for lifestyle behaviour change as adoption of healthier behaviours has the potential to impact long term health. This paper arises from a multi-disciplinary research project, Communicating Health, which aims to bridge the gap between nutritionists, media, and social marketing professionals to produce the tools that may be used to improve engagement with young adults and reduce the prevalence of obesity. The aim of this paper is to provide nuanced details of the psycho-behavioral characteristics of each of these Living and Eating for Health Segments (LEHS). The design and validation of the LEHS employed a four-stage mixed methods design underpinned by the Integrated Model of Behaviour Change and incorporating sequential formative, qualitative, and quantitative phases. This paper defines the psycho-behavioural characteristics of six distinct market segments: Lifestyle Mavens, Aspirational Healthy Eaters, Balanced-all Rounders, the Health Conscious, those Contemplating Another Day, and the Blissfully Unconcerned. These psycho-behavioural characteristics are important to understand to help build our capability in designing campaigns that are specifically and purposefully targeting these different market segments of young adults. Social marketing practices can enhance the utility of nutrition and health messages to young adults in order to engage them in adopting positive lifestyle change. Tailoring health promotions to the perceived needs of sub-groups or segments of young adults should lead to increased engagement and uptake of messages and cost-efficient use of health promotion budgets.
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Clark, Danielle, Rebekah H. Nagler, and Jeff Niederdeppe. "Confusion and nutritional backlash from news media exposure to contradictory information about carbohydrates and dietary fats." Public Health Nutrition 22, no. 18 (October 7, 2019): 3336–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980019002866.
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AbstractObjective:To test the effect of news media exposure to contradictory information about carbohydrates and dietary fats on levels of confusion, nutritional backlash and dietary intentions.Design:We conducted an online survey experiment between 11 and 28 February 2018, randomizing participants to one of six experimental conditions. Two ‘contradictory information’ conditions asked participants to read one news article on the risks of a low-carbohydrate diet and one article on the risks of a low-fat diet. Two ‘convergent information’ conditions asked participants to read two articles with similar information on the risks of one of these two diets. A fifth ‘established health recommendations’ control condition asked participants to read two articles on the harms of smoking and sun exposure. A sixth ‘no information’ condition served as a second control group. We used general linear models to test hypotheses on the effects of exposure on confusion, nutritional backlash and dietary intentions.Setting:USA.Participants:Adults (n 901) registered with Amazon’s Mechanical Turk (M-Turk).Results:Exposure to contradictory information about carbohydrates and dietary fats increased confusion and nutritional backlash compared with exposure to established health recommendations for non-dietary behaviours and a no-exposure control. Exposure to contradictory information also increased confusion compared with exposure to consistent nutrition information regarding carbohydrates and dietary fats.Conclusions:Contradictory nutrition information in the news media can negatively affect consumers’ attitudes, beliefs and behavioural intentions. Dietary debates that play out in the media may adversely influence both short-term dietary decisions and future efforts to communicate about unrelated nutrition issues.
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Bleker, Laura S., Susanne R. de Rooij, and Tessa J. Roseboom. "Malnutrition and depression in pregnancy and associations with child behaviour and cognitive function: a review of recent evidence on unique and joint effects." Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology 97, no. 3 (March 2019): 158–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjpp-2018-0381.
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Accumulating studies suggest that prenatal experiences can shape a child’s neurodevelopment. Malnutrition and depression occur in pregnancy relatively often and may affect child neurodevelopment independently as well as synergistically. We aimed to provide an overview of recent studies that have examined malnutrition and (or) depression in pregnancy and associations with child behavioural problems and cognitive function. We conducted a literature search in PubMed, using the following main search terms: “depression”, “nutrition”, “BMI”, “pregnancy”, “offspring”, “cognition”, and “behaviour”. We included studies in human populations published from 2013 onwards. The literature search yielded 1531 articles, of which 55 were included in the current review. We presented the evidence on the associations between prenatal markers of nutritional status and (or) depression and child behaviour and (or) cognitive function. We additionally discussed interventions and mechanisms. Both malnutrition and depression in pregnancy are associated with increased externalizing behavioural problems and attentional deficits, and to some extent with poorer cognitive function in the child, but the evidence is not conclusive. Studies on synergistic effects of both factors on child behaviour and cognitive function are still scarce, and more research is needed. Potential shared mechanisms include the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis, the immune system, epigenetics, and oxidative stress.
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Stotland, Stephen, Maurice Larocque, and Laurent Legault. "Assessing Behavioural, Cognitive and Emotional Factors in Adolescent Obesity With the Behaviour Nutrition Index." Canadian Journal of Diabetes 37 (April 2013): S263—S264. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcjd.2013.03.248.
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Flaherty, Sarah-Jane, Mary McCarthy, Alan Collins, and Fionnuala McAuliffe. "Can existing mobile apps support healthier food purchasing behaviour? Content analysis of nutrition content, behaviour change theory and user quality integration." Public Health Nutrition 21, no. 2 (October 30, 2017): 288–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980017002889.
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AbstractObjectiveTo assess the quality of nutrition content and the integration of user quality components and behaviour change theory relevant to food purchasing behaviour in a sample of existing mobile apps.DesignDescriptive comparative analysis of eleven mobile apps comprising an assessment of their alignment with existing evidence on nutrition, behaviour change and user quality, and their potential ability to support healthier food purchasing behaviour.SettingMobile apps freely available for public use in GoogePlay were assessed and scored according to agreed criteria to assess nutrition content quality and integration of behaviour change theory and user quality components.SubjectsA sample of eleven mobile apps that met predefined inclusion criteria to ensure relevance and good quality.ResultsThe quality of the nutrition content varied. Improvements to the accuracy and appropriateness of nutrition content are needed to ensure mobile apps support a healthy behaviour change process and are accessible to a wider population. There appears to be a narrow focus towards behaviour change with an overemphasis on behavioural outcomes and a small number of behaviour change techniques, which may limit effectiveness. A significant effort from the user was required to use the mobile apps appropriately which may negatively influence user acceptability and subsequent utilisation.ConclusionsExisting mobile apps may offer a potentially effective approach to supporting healthier food purchasing behaviour but improvements in mobile app design are required to maximise their potential effectiveness. Engagement of mobile app users and nutrition professionals is recommended to support effective design.
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Cerin, Ester, and David P. MacKinnon. "A commentary on current practice in mediating variable analyses in behavioural nutrition and physical activity." Public Health Nutrition 12, no. 8 (August 2009): 1182–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980008003649.
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AbstractObjectiveTo critique current practice in, and provide recommendations for, mediating variable analyses (MVA) of nutrition and physical activity behaviour change.StrategyTheory-based behavioural nutrition and physical activity interventions aim at changing mediating variables that are hypothesized to be responsible for changes in the outcome of interest. MVA are useful because they help to identify the most promising theoretical approaches, mediators and intervention components for behaviour change. However, the current literature suggests that MVA are often inappropriately conducted, poorly understood and inadequately presented. Main problems encountered in the published literature are explained and suggestions for overcoming weaknesses of current practice are proposed.ConclusionThe use of the most appropriate, currently available methods of MVA, and a correct, comprehensive presentation and interpretation of their findings, is of paramount importance for understanding how obesity can be treated and prevented.
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Isbanner, Sebastian, Julia Carins, and Sharyn Rundle-Thiele. "Healthy Eats—Evaluation of a Social Marketing Program Delivered in Primary School Settings in Queensland." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 21 (November 3, 2022): 14415. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192114415.
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One in four school children in Australia are overweight or obese. In response, the Healthy Eats program was developed, piloted, and delivered using a whole-of-school approach underpinned by the socio-ecological model to increase fruit and vegetable consumption among children aged 8–10 years in regional Queensland, Australia. This research presents an outcome evaluation of the Healthy Eats program using pre–post data collected throughout 2021 (cross-sectional for knowledge and longitudinal for behaviour) from 19 schools to assess whether changes occurred in students’ nutritional knowledge (n = 1868 (pre = 933, post = 935)) and fruit and vegetable consumption (n = 1042 (pre = 521, post = 521)). Knowledge data was collected via self-reports two weeks prior and immediately after the Nutrition Module. Behavioural data on daily fruit and vegetable consumption was gathered via student passports (i.e., surveys) one week before and for four consecutive weeks after the Nutrition Module. Chi-Square Difference tests and t-Tests were conducted with a significance level set at p < 0.05. Across all 19 schools, knowledge of the daily recommended serves of fruit and vegetables improved significantly following participation in the program, aligning knowledge closer to the Australian dietary guidelines. Behavioural results for fruit consumption were favourable, with clear improvements reported. Increases in vegetable consumption were demonstrated in two of the eight schools. A discussion on the knowledge–action gap is provided, including recommendations for future iterations of the Healthy Eats program.
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Aggett, Peter J. "Functional effects of food: what do we know in children?" British Journal of Nutrition 92, S2 (October 2004): S223—S226. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/bjn20041170.
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The knowledge base underpinning the setting of nutrient requirements for children and adolescents is not very secure. The advent of the concepts of optimal nutrition and functional foods has encouraged the possible use of functional effects as criteria for adequate nutrition in this age group. Target functions have been identified for growth development and differentiation and for behavioural and cognitive development. However, ideal markers or effects for these are not generally available. Additionally, nutrition in young people should avoid predisposing them to diet-related disease in later life. It is suggested that functional effects should include markers of reduction of risks of disease (nutritional safety) as well of benefits for health and well-being. Such markers of functional effects should be expected to arise from fundamental studies of nutrient–gene interactions and post-genomic metabolism.
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Rebouças, Marina Cabral, Maria do Carmo Passos Rodrigues, Silvia Maria de Freitas, Bruno Burnier Arcanjo Ferreira, and Vanderson da Silva Costa. "Effect of nutritional information and health claims related to cashew nut and soya milk beverages on consumers’ acceptance and perception." Nutrition & Food Science 47, no. 5 (September 11, 2017): 721–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/nfs-07-2016-0107.
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Purpose The number of researches that evaluate how behavioural and personality issues affect consumers’ acceptance and perception of food is increasing. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of nutritional information and health claims related to soya and cashew nut beverages over consumers’ acceptance and perception regarding nutritional value and healthiness and to verify whether behavioural and personality issues affect such evaluation. Design/methodology/approach The samples were evaluated in two phases, with (blind phase) and without information (informed phase) about their composition, nutritional characteristics and functional claims related to some of their ingredients. The sensory evaluation data were analysed by means of the analysis of variance for repeated measures, applying 2 (information) × 2 (beverage) and generalised linear model to evaluate the effect of information over the acceptance averages, as well as over the perception of healthy food and nutritional value. Findings Information on composition, nutritional characteristics and functional claims related to the cashew nut and soya beverages did not influence flavour acceptance (p-value = 0.250) and overall impression (p-value = 0.316), but had a positive impact on consumers’ perception regarding healthiness (p-value < 0.001) and nutritious value (p-value < 0.001) of both beverages, the cashew nut beverage being perceived as more nutritious and healthier than the soya beverage. Consumers’ different characteristics with respect to their interest in healthy eating (high and low) and food neophobia (neophiliacs and neophobics) did not have any influence on the beverages’ acceptance, as well as on the perception of healthy food and nutritious value. Originality/value This work compares consumers’ acceptance and perception regarding nutritional value and healthiness with relation a totally unique product in the Brazilian market, and in the world, a new functional beverage made from cashew nuts, with a soya-milk beverage. Until this moment, there are no studies comparing consumer acceptance and perception of products based on hydrosoluble extract-base added with fruit juice which evaluate the influence of behavioural and personality characteristics of consumers in their perception and acceptance towards these products.
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Coccia, Catherine C., Javier Tamargo, and Alison K. Macchi. "Effects of nutrition knowledge, personal health and self-efficacy on food-related teaching practices of elementary school pre-service teachers." Health Education Journal 79, no. 8 (July 28, 2020): 974–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0017896920946061.
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Objective: This study aimed to determine the impact of personal health, body mass index (BMI), nutrition knowledge and self-efficacy on classroom food-related beliefs and practices. Design: A cross-sectional design evaluated BMI, personal health index (PHI), nutrition knowledge, self-efficacy and food-related beliefs and practices of pre-service teachers. Setting: Pre-service teachers were recruited from upper division elementary education courses at a university in the southeast region of the USA. Participants ( n = 94) were Hispanic (65%), White (60%) and female (93%). Method: Participants completed a survey composed of validated questionnaires. Descriptive statistics and structural equation modelling were used to examine the relationships between pre-service teachers’ personal nutrition factors and food-related teaching beliefs. Results: Results indicate that personal health factors, nutrition knowledge and self-efficacy for teaching nutrition contribute to pre-service teachers’ beliefs about the school food environment and food-related teaching practices. Conclusion: Interventions focusing on student teachers’ personal health behaviours and nutrition knowledge may be helpful, as pre-service teachers develop their nutrition-related classroom behavioural intentions.
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Freeman, Matthew C., Anna S. Ellis, Emily Awino Ogutu, Bethany A. Caruso, Molly Linabarger, Katie Micek, Richard Muga, Amy Webb Girard, Breanna K. Wodnik, and Kimberly Jacob Arriola. "Impact of a demand-side integrated WASH and nutrition community-based care group intervention on behavioural change: a randomised controlled trial in western Kenya." BMJ Global Health 5, no. 11 (November 2020): e002806. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2020-002806.
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IntroductionGrowth shortfalls and diarrhoeal diseases remain a major cause of morbidity and mortality in low-income settings. Due to the multifaceted causes of undernutrition and the identified limitations of siloed nutrition programmes, improving the delivery of integrated water, sanitation, hygiene (WASH) and nutrition programming could improve child health.MethodsWe conducted a cluster randomised trial in western Kenya to assess the impact on household behaviours of a novel, theory-informed and integrated WASH and nutrition intervention delivered through care groups as compared with the standard care group approach. We developed an intervention targeting practices relating to food hygiene, mealtime and feeding, and compound cleanliness, each using various behavioural change techniques to influence the uptake of targeted behaviours. Prespecified behavioural outcomes were verified through direct observation, 24 hours recall, and self-reported picture-based methods.ResultsCompared with control households, a greater proportion of intervention households had a hygienic food preparation area (Risk double difference (RDD) 0.81, 95% CI 0.68 to 0.96), had stored food hygienically (RDD 0.76, 95% CI 0.58 to 1.00), had a functional handwashing station (RDD 0.64, 95% CI 0.56 to 0.74), provided a safe space for their child to play (RDD 0.73, 95% CI 0.56 to 0.96), and who fed their children thickened porridge (RDD 0.56, 95% CI 0.51 to 0.63) at endline. The proportion of children 6–24 months in intervention households consuming a sufficient diversity of foods (RDD 0.81, 95% CI 0.64 to 1.04) was higher than in control households; however, there was a non-significant increase in the percentage of pregnant and lactating women receiving an adequate diversity of foods in their diets (RDD 0.86, 95% CI 0.70 to 1.05) among intervention compared with control households at endline.ConclusionOur integrated WASH and nutrition intervention resulted in important changes in behaviours. This theory-informed intervention could be added to existing care group programmes to considerable advantage.
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Cockfield, Annette, and Ursula Philpot. "Managing anorexia from a dietitian's perspective." Proceedings of the Nutrition Society 68, no. 3 (May 6, 2009): 281–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0029665109001281.
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Anorexia nervosa has the highest mortality rate of any psychiatric condition and its management is complex and multi-faceted, requiring a multidisciplinary team approach. Dietitians are an important part of the multidisciplinary team, offering objective nutritional advice with the aim of helping the patient to develop an improved relationship with food. Refeeding patients with a low body weight requires careful management; nonetheless, refeeding the low-weight patient with anorexia presents many additional complications, largely of a psychological nature. Treatment plans need to consider psychological, physical, behavioural and psycho-social factors relating to anorexia nervosa. Currently, there is no consistent approach and a paucity of evidence to support best practice for weight restoration in this group of patients. Tube feeding is utilised at varying BMI in anorexia nervosa, mainly in an inpatient setting. However, its use should be seen as a last resort and limited to a life-saving intervention. Weight restoration is best managed by an experienced dietitian within a specialist eating disorders team, using normal foods. This approach is ideal for nutrition rehabilitation, promoting skills for eating and normal behaviour and providing a longer-term solution by challenging unhelpful coping strategies from the onset. Dietitians have a unique mix of skills and knowledge in numerous areas including nutrition, physiology, psychology, sociology and behaviour change, which can be applied to support patients with thoughts and behaviours around food, weight and appetite. Further research is required into the effectiveness of dietetic interventions in eating disorders in order to establish an evidence base for best practice.
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Grantham-McGregor, S. M., S. P. Walker, and S. Chang. "Nutritional deficiencies and later behavioural development." Proceedings of the Nutrition Society 59, no. 1 (February 2000): 47–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0029665100000069.
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The literature on the long-term effects of nutritional deficiencies in early life is reviewed. The severity and duration of the deficiency, the stage of the children’s development, the biological condition of the children and the socio-cultural context may all modify the effect. There is substantial evidence that reduced breast-feeding, small-for-gestational-age birth weight, Fe and I deficiency, and protein-energy malnutrition (PEM) are associated with long-term deficits in cognition and school achievement. However, all these conditions are associated with poverty and poor health, which may account for the association. It is difficult to establish that the long-term relationship is causal, as it requires a randomized treatment trial with long-term follow-up. Such studies are only available for I deficiency in utero and early childhood PEM. Results from these studies indicate that I deficiency has a long-term effect and PEM probably has a long-term effect.
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Brennan, Linda, Shinyi Chin, Annika Molenaar, Amy M. Barklamb, Megan SC Lim, Mike Reid, Helen Truby, Eva L. Jenkins, and Tracy A. McCaffrey. "Beyond Body Weight: Design and Validation of Psycho-Behavioural Living and Eating for Health Segments (LEHS) Profiles for Social Marketing." Nutrients 12, no. 9 (September 21, 2020): 2882. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12092882.
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Obesity, sedentary behaviour, and poor dietary habits amongst young adults are growing concerns, with this age group being in a worse state of health and nutrition than adolescents and adults. This paper presents the procedures for establishing a new instrument for defining behaviours in relation to healthy lifestyle and food choices amongst young adults (Living and Eating for Health Segments: LEHS). The aim of this paper is to outline the instrument design protocol for external validation and to permit replication in other studies. The instrument design process used a multi-step social marketing instrument design method. This approach has previously been used in designing valid and reliable measures in marketing and consumer research, including social marketing. The protocol established six psycho-behavioural LEHS profiles for young adults. These profiles are: Lifestyle Mavens (15.4%), Aspirational Healthy Eaters (27.5%), Balanced-all Rounders (21.4%), Health Conscious (21.1%), Contemplating Another Day (11.2%), and Blissfully Unconcerned (3.4%). Each of these profiles provided insights into psycho-behavioural characteristics that can be used in designing apposite social media social marketing campaigns.
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Balech, Bachir, Lorraine Brennan, Enrique Carrillo de Santa Pau, Duccio Cavalieri, Susan Coort, Domenica D’Elia, Lars Ove Dragsted, et al. "The future of food and nutrition in ELIXIR." F1000Research 11 (August 25, 2022): 978. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.51747.1.
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Non-communicable diseases are on the rise and are often related to food choices; nutrition affects infectious diseases too. Therefore, there is growing interest in research on public and personal health, as related to food, nutrition behaviour and well-being of consumers throughout the life cycle. These concepts and their relations are complex and only partially understood – more data is needed to improve our understanding. The required data include deep geno- and phenotyping data from human nutritional studies, covering metabolic and health, but also including behavioural and socio-economic data. The aim of this white paper is to provide a guiding framework for the future contributions of ELIXIR’s recently established Food & Nutrition (F&N) Community. This white paper is the direct result of a strategy meeting that took place in September 2019 in The Hague (NL) and involved representatives of 14 countries representing the ELIXIR Nodes. The meeting led to the definition of F&N related bioinformatics challenges, including the use of standards for data reuse and sharing, and for interoperability of data, tools and services, advocacy and training. Resolving these bioinformatics challenges makes it possible to address a wide range of F&N-related challenges, such as definition of an individual health status, individual dietary needs, and finding complex intake biomarkers (to replace questionnaires). Here, we provide suggestions on how to align these tasks within the ELIXIR Platforms, other ELIXIR Communities/Focus Groups and the European Strategy Forum on Research Infrastructures.
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Soni, Amber, Rebecca J. Beeken, Laura McGowan, Victoria Lawson, Paul Chadwick, and Helen Croker. "‘Shape-Up’, a Modified Cognitive-Behavioural Community Programme for Weight Management: Real-World Evaluation as an Approach for Delivering Public Health Goals." Nutrients 13, no. 8 (August 16, 2021): 2807. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13082807.
Full textAbstract:
Obesity is widespread, with serious health consequences; addressing it requires considerable effort at a public health level, incorporating prevention and management along with policies to support implementation. Behavioural weight-management programmes are widely used by public health bodies to address overweight and obesity. Shape-Up is an evidence-based programme combining a structured behavioural intervention (targeting nutrition and physical activity behaviours) within a peer-learning framework. This study was a service-evaluation of Shape-Up, as delivered in Rotherham by a local leisure provider, and included a secondary analysis of data collected in the community by service providers. The RE-AIM (Reach Effectiveness Adoption Implementation Maintenance) framework was used to explore programme effectiveness, implementation, and whom it reached. A total of 141 participants were included. Compared to local demographics, participants were older, at 48.9 (SD 14.47) years, with a lower employment rate (41% employed) and greater proportion female (67% female). Mean BMI was 38.0 (SD 7.54) kg/m2. Mean weight-change between baseline and endpoint (12 weeks, 10 group sessions) was −4.4 (SD 3.38) kg, and degree of weight change was associated with session attendance (F (9, 131) = 6.356, p < 0.0005). There were positive effects on participants’ weight, health-related behaviours, and quality of life. The intervention content (including the focus of nutritional recommendations) and structure were adapted during implementation to better suit national guidelines and local population needs. RE-AIM was found to be a useful framework for evaluating and adapting an existing evidence-based weight management programme in line with local population needs. This could be a more cost-effective approach, compared to developing new programmes, for delivering public health goals relating to obesity, nutrition, and physical activity.
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McCormick, Brittany A., Kathleen J. Porter, Wen You, Maryam Yuhas, Annie L. Reid, Esther J. Thatcher, and Jamie M. Zoellner. "Applying the socio-ecological model to understand factors associated with sugar-sweetened beverage behaviours among rural Appalachian adolescents." Public Health Nutrition 24, no. 11 (January 11, 2021): 3242–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980021000069.
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AbstractObjective:The objective of the current study was to identify factors across the socio-ecological model (SEM) associated with adolescents’ sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) intake.Design:This cross-sectional study surveyed adolescents using previously validated instruments. Analyses included descriptive statistics, ANOVA tests and stepwise nonlinear regression models (i.e., two-part models) adjusted to be cluster robust. Guided by SEM, a four-step model was used to identify factors associated with adolescent SSB intake – step 1: demographics (i.e., age, gender), step 2: intrapersonal (i.e., theory of planned behaviour (attitudes, subjective norms, perceived behavioural control, behavioural intentions), health literacy, media literacy, public health literacy), step 3: interpersonal (i.e., caregiver’s SSB behaviours, caregiver’s SSB rules) and step 4: environmental (i.e., home SSB availability) level variables.Setting:Eight middle schools across four rural southwest Virginia counties in Appalachia.Participants:Seven hundred ninety seventh grade students (55·4 % female, 44·6 % males, mean age 12 (sd 0·5) years).Results:Mean SSB intake was 36·3 (sd 42·5) fluid ounces or 433·4 (sd 493·6) calories per day. In the final step of the regression model, seven variables significantly explained adolescent’s SSB consumption: behavioural intention (P < 0·05), affective attitude (P < 0·05), perceived behavioural control (P < 0·05), health literacy (P < 0·001), caregiver behaviours (P < 0·05), caregiver rules (P < 0·05) and home availability (P < 0·001).Conclusions:SSB intake among adolescents in rural Appalachia was nearly three times above national mean. Home environment was the strongest predictor of adolescent SSB intake, followed by caregiver rules, caregiver behaviours and health literacy. Future interventions targeting these factors may provide the greatest opportunity to improve adolescent SSB intake.
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Puto, Grażyna, Iwona Repka, Kornelia Biłko, and Mirosława Dzikowska. "Health-related behavioural differences between the sexes determines nutrition status in hospitalized elderly patients/ Różnice behawioralne związane z zachowaniami zdrowotnymi między płciami, determinujące stan odżywienia u hospitalizowanych pacjentów w podeszłym wieku." HIGHER SCHOOL’S PULSE 11, no. 3 (September 30, 2017): 4–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0010.5031.
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Background: Health-related behaviours affect the preservation and maintenance of health. They form a important part of the everyday life of all individuals including the elderly. Some of the most significant factors affecting health are eating habits, physical activity, and the ability to handle stress and limiting the use of substances. Aim of the study: The aim of this paper was to assess the effect of health-related behaviours on nutrition in hospitalized elderly patients. Material and Methods: The study population consisted of 151 subjects over 60 years old. The study tools included a diagnostic survey, the Health Behaviour Inventory and the Mini Nutritional Assessment. Statistical significance for differences and strength of correlation between the variables was set at p<0.05. Results: The general indicator of health behaviour was higher among women (88.78±13.82 vs. 83.55±12.93; p=0.01). The analysis of health behaviour showed significant differences between men and women in relation to good eating habits (p=0.01) and prophylactic behaviour (p=0.01). Conclusions: Elderly people who followed a proper diet, which included fruit and vegetables, and avoided food with preservatives, were better nourished. A positive attitude was connected with the state of nutrition. Wellnourished status can be observed among the elderly who have positive attitude, avoid anger, anxiety and depression, and have friends and a stable family life.
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Power Guerra, Nicole, Alisha Parveen, Daniel Bühler, David Leon Brauer, Luisa Müller, Kristin Pilz, Martin Witt, et al. "Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 as a Potential Biomarker for Improved Locomotion and Olfaction Detection Ability after Weight Reduction in Obese Mice." Nutrients 13, no. 9 (August 24, 2021): 2916. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13092916.
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Obesity is one of the most challenging diseases of the 21st century and is accompanied by behavioural disorders. Exercise, dietary adjustments, or time-restricted feeding are the only successful long-term treatments to date. Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) plays a key role in dietary regulation, but FGF21 resistance is prevalent in obesity. The aim of this study was to investigate in obese mice whether weight reduction leads to improved behaviour and whether these behavioural changes are associated with decreased plasma FGF21 levels. After establishing a model for diet-induced obesity, mice were subjected to three different interventions for weight reduction, namely dietary change, treadmill exercise, or time-restricted feeding. In this study, we demonstrated that only the combination of dietary change and treadmill exercise affected all parameters leading to a reduction in weight, fat, and FGF21, as well as less anxious behaviour, higher overall activity, and improved olfactory detection abilities. To investigate the interrelationship between FGF21 and behavioural parameters, feature selection algorithms were applied designating FGF21 and body weight as one of five highly weighted features. In conclusion, we concluded from the complementary methods that FGF21 can be considered as a potential biomarker for improved behaviour in obese mice after weight reduction.
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Din, Norina, Mohd Salehuddin Mohd Zahari, and Shazali Mohd Shariff. "Nutritional Labelling in Malaysian Full Service Restaurant Menu." Journal of ASIAN Behavioural Studies 2, no. 2 (January 1, 2017): 47. http://dx.doi.org/10.21834/jabs.v2i2.178.
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This study empirically investigates customer perception towards providing nutritional information in Malaysian full service restaurants menu. Results reveal that nutritional information is important and the major nutrition elements such as calories, protein, fat and dietary fiber is the minimum information desired by customers in the restaurant menu. Nutritional information in fact directly influences restaurant customers’ future purchase decisions. These findings produced significant indicators not only to the existing restaurant operators but also to those individuals or companies who intend to venture into this so called booming sub- sectors of food service businesses. In addition, attaining customer needs lead to repeat patronization and in the long run, contributes to restaurant business survival.
Key words: Nutritional, Menu, Full Service Restaurant, Customer
© 2017 The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.
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Werunga, Billy Juma, Monica Awuor Ayieko, and Solomon Ogara. "Influence of Media on Consumers’ Behavioural Intentions Towards Entomophagy in Western Kenya." East African Journal of Arts and Social Sciences 5, no. 1 (July 12, 2022): 318–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.37284/eajass.5.1.751.
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Insects are rich in protein and fat, and various insect species contain substantial amounts of vitamins and minerals. Consequently, insects can greatly contribute to food and nutrition security. Entomophagy (consumption of insects as food) has been practised in Western Kenya for many years. However, in recent times the consumption of edible insects has declined due to the notion that consuming insects is outdated and distasteful. Numerous studies have shown that media significantly affects consumers’ food choices and dietary behaviour. Furthermore, media challenges consumer subjectivities, conceptions of consumer choice, consumer insight, consumer practices, and consumer communities. Hence, the aim of this study was to examine the influence of media on consumers’ behavioural intentions towards entomophagy in Western Kenya. The conceptual model for this study was based on the theory of planned behaviour with media as the independent variable, attitude, subjective norms, and perceived behavioural control as mediators and consumers’ behavioural intentions as the dependent variable. A questionnaire survey was used to collect data (n = 324), and valid data was analysed by the mediation analysis method. The findings revealed that media directly and indirectly through attitude and perceived behavioural control influenced consumers’ behavioural intentions towards entomophagy positively. The indirect effect through subjective norms was insignificant. The total effect, total indirect effect and direct effect were significant, thus confirming the positive influence of media on consumers’ behavioural intentions towards entomophagy. Based on the findings of the study, if optimally exploited, media can considerably contribute to the enhanced consumption of insects