Books on the topic 'Behavioural epidemiology'

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1

Adekunl, Lola Vivian. A handbook of social & behavioural epidemiology in Africa. Ibadan, Nigeria: Vita Books Publications, 2010.

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2

Leitzmann, Michael F., Carmen Jochem, and Daniela Schmid, eds. Sedentary Behaviour Epidemiology. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-61552-3.

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3

Debra, Creedy, ed. Health and human behaviour. 2nd ed. South Melbourne, Vic: Oxford University Press, 2008.

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4

Ken, Jones. Health and human behaviour. Melbourne, Vic: Oxford University Press, 2003.

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5

C, MacArthur, and Simons K. J, eds. Sexual behaviour and AIDS in Britain. London: HMSO, 1993.

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6

Council, Human Sciences Research, Centre for AIDS Development, Research and Evaluation, South African Medical Research Council, and National Institute for Communicable Diseases (South Africa), eds. South African national HIV prevalence , incidence, behaviour and communication survey, 2008: A turning tide among teenagers. Cape Town: HSRC Press, 2009.

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7

Health, Fiji Ministry of. Second generation surveillance surveys of HIV, other STIs, and risk behaviours in 6 Pacific Island countries, 2004-2005. Manila, Philippines: World Health Organization, Western Pacific Regional Office, 2006.

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8

1946-, Tielman Rob, Carballo, Manuel, 1941 Apr. 10-, and Hendriks Aart, eds. Bisexuality & HIV/AIDS: A global perspective. Buffalo, N.Y: Prometheus Books, 1991.

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9

New Introduction to Social and Behavioural Sciences in Dentistry. Routledge,an imprint of Taylor & Francis Books Ltd, 1989.

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10

Minett, Thais, Blossom Stephan, and Carol Brayne. Epidemiology of old age psychiatry: an overview of concepts and main studies. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199644957.003.0005.

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Epidemiology is the foundation of public health and rational planning of services. In the field of old age psychiatry, the information provided by epidemiological research has been highly influential. As the world older population is growing proportionally faster than the other age segments, there is a continuous need for further epidemiological research in old age psychiatry. Neuropsychiatric conditions, such as depression and dementia, cognitive impairment, behavioural and functional decline, place a considerable onus on the health, social and economic systems. This chapter presents some of the world demographic data and basic epidemiological concepts, discusses some methodological issues in the epidemiology of mental disorders in old age, and presents a summary of many of the most important studies in this field.
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11

(Editor), Gerdi Weidner, Maria Kopp (Editor), and Margareta Kristenson (Editor), eds. Heart Disease: Environment, Stress, and Gender (Nato Science Series. Series I, Life and Behavioural Sciences, V. 327). Ios Pr Inc, 2002.

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12

Fancourt, Daisy. Fact file 10: Public health. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198792079.003.0023.

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Public health is defined by the World Health Organisation as ‘the science and art of preventing disease, prolonging life and promoting health through organised efforts of society’.(1) Public health looks at populations, from small communities through to entire continents, identifying factors that cause and exacerbate physical and mental health problems, and promoting healthy behaviours. Public health is an inter-disciplinary field that incorporates epidemiology, healthcare services, behavioural health, health economics, and public policy, among others....
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13

Leitzmann, Michael F., Carmen Jochem, and Daniela Schmid. Sedentary Behaviour Epidemiology. Springer, 2017.

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14

Leitzmann, Michael F., Carmen Jochem, and Daniela Schmid. Sedentary Behaviour Epidemiology. Springer, 2019.

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15

Beattie, Mark. Chronic constipation. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198759928.003.0043.

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Chronic functional constipation is a common problem in childhood. Without early treatment, the condition is likely to impact all aspects of the child’s life, including education and psychological well-being as well as physical growth and development. The key to successful management is early diagnosis and prompt treatment with an emphasis on practical management strategies with multidisciplinary support where needed. Conventional treatment relies on patient education, behavioural modification, and drugs. This chapter discusses the epidemiology, clinical assessment, indications for further investigation, management including behavioural strategies, and drug treatment.
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16

Detels, Roger, Martin Gulliford, Quarraisha Abdool Karim, and Chorh Chuan Tan, eds. Oxford Textbook of Global Public Health. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199661756.001.0001.

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The Oxford Textbook of Global Public Health is the ultimate resource on the subject of public health and epidemiology. It has been thoroughly revised and updated, offering a global and comprehensive perspective on wide-ranging public health needs and priorities in modern health care. It is divided into three areas: 'The Scope of Public Health' discusses the development of the discipline, determinants of health and disease, public health policies, and law and ethics; 'The Methods of Public Health' covers the main science behind the discipline – epidemiology; 'The Practice of Public Health' examines specific public health problems and the options for prevention and control. As well as identifying these issues by system or disease, there is also an awareness of the unique needs of particular population groups. This sixth edition also includes new topics, including climate change, genetic testing and epidemiology; new methods for measuring the burden of disease; life course approaches to epidemiology, behavioural economics; and physical activity, health and wellbeing.
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17

Hoblyn, Jennifer, Judith Neugroschl, and Christie Del Castill. The Blueprints Notes & Cases— Behavioral Science and Epidemiology: A Guide to Patient Education (Blueprints Notes & Cases Series). 6th ed. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2003.

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18

Judith, Neugroschl, ed. Blueprints notes & cases. Malden, Mass: Blackwell Pub., 2004.

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19

Key, Timothy J., and Alison J. Price. Epidemiology of prostate cancer. Edited by James W. F. Catto. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199659579.003.0058.

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Prostate cancer is the second most common malignancy and the sixth most common cause of cancer death for men worldwide. The highest incidence and mortality rates are in populations that originated in Africa, such as African Americans. Rates are also high in Western countries and generally low in East and South Asia. Incidence rates are increasing in some countries which until recently had low rates, but are not changing much in countries which already have high rates. The only well-established risk factors are increasing age, African ancestry, family history of the disease, and certain genetic factors, none of which is modifiable. Many potential risk factors have been investigated in epidemiological studies and randomized trials. Observational studies have shown that prostate cancer risk is positively associated with the plasma concentration of insulin-like growth factor-I, but is not strongly associated with testosterone or other sex hormones. Studies of nutritional factors suggest that risk may be higher in men with a high intake of animal foods and dairy products, but this relationship is not clear enough to be considered as established. Some studies of other nutritional factors such as fat, lycopene and other carotenoids, vitamin D, vitamin E and selenium have suggested possible associations, but overall do not show any clear relationships. Research on other possible risk factors has shown a small positive association of risk with height, but little association with obesity, smoking or alcohol intake, and evidence on sexual behaviour and sexually transmitted infections is inconclusive. Further research is needed, particularly to determine whether potential risk factors may be related more to aggressive than to indolent prostate cancer.
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20

Mooney, Graham. Historical Demography and Epidemiology: The Meta-Narrative Challenge. Edited by Mark Jackson. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199546497.013.0021.

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Demography and epidemiology tend to analyse human processes in the aggregate. This article illustrates that definitions of demography and epidemiology provide some understanding of how they are typically used in medical history. The influence of demographic and epidemiological transition theories is discussed. The article mentions that extensive research into fertility behaviour in the past has dismantled many aspects of demographic transition and reveals that epidemiological transition has proved more durable in the face of empirical testing, but it is nonetheless problematically hidebound to a narrative of progress and modernization. This article also focuses on the complicated relationship between migration and health and is considered crucial for understanding patterns of population growth, health, and illness. Finally, it outlines some of the ways that innovative research on life-course experiences and famine demography has shaken the trees of long-held medical historical assumptions.
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21

Bhopal, Raj S. The epidemiological concept of population. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198739685.003.0002.

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Epidemiology is a population science in several senses. First, it studies populations’ disease patterns, which are hugely influenced by the interaction of individuals living in communities. Secondly, it depends heavily upon demographic population data to achieve its goals. Thirdly, its findings are drawn from, and applied to, groups (or populations) of people. One critical yet that the causes of disease in individuals is not synonymous with the causes of disease in populations. This has implications for epidemiology and its application to public health. Populations are dynamic, changing in age structure, ethnic composition, and behaviours. Epidemiology needs to work within the context of demographic and epidemiological transitions as societies change. One prime purpose of epidemiology is applying findings in health promotion, health care, and health policy to improve the health of populations. The focus on population in epidemiology distinguishes it from other medical sciences.
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22

Health and Human Behaviour. Oxford University Press Australia & New Zealand, 2012.

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23

Vasilevskis, Eduard E., and E. Wesley Ely. Causes and epidemiology of agitation, confusion, and delirium in the ICU. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199600830.003.0226.

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Confusion is a non-specific, non-diagnostic term to describe a patient with disorientation, impaired memory, or abnormal thought process. Agitation describes an increased level of psychomotor activity, and anxious or aggressive behaviour. Many agitated patients may also be delirious, yet they only represent a minority of all delirious patients. ICU delirium is an acute cognitive disorder of both consciousness and content of thought. The hallmark of ICU delirium is a fluctuating mental status, inattention, and an altered level of consciousness. Delirium is the end product of a sequence of insults and injury that lead to a common measurable manifestation of end-organ brain injury. It does not have a single aetiology, but often has multiple different and potentially interacting aetiologies. Both non-modifiable and modifiable risk factors play important roles in the development of delirium. Importantly, the new onset of delirium should prompt the physician to investigate the underlying cause. Cognitive impairment and age are among the most important non-modifiable risk factors, whereas administration of benzodiazepines is the greatest. The alpha-2 adrenoceptor agonist dexmedetomidine shows promise as a sedative reducing the risk for delirium when compared with benzodiazepines.
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24

Jennings, Catriona, Felicity Astin, Donna Fitzsimons, Ekaterini Lambrinou, Lis Neubeck, and David R. Thompson, eds. ESC Textbook of Cardiovascular Nursing. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198849315.001.0001.

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The ESC Textbook of Cardiovascular Nursing is the official textbook of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) Association of Cardiovascular Nursing and Allied Professions. It aims to provide in-depth learning for nurses specializing in caring for patients with coronary heart disease, heart failure, valvular disease, arrhythmias, congenital heart disease, and inherited cardiovascular conditions. The textbook builds on the ESC Core Curriculum for the Continuing Professional Development of Nurses Working in Cardiovascular Care. The pathology of these conditions is described as well as the normal anatomy and physiology of the heart. While tailoring nursing assessment and interventions to the care of patients with heart disease, the textbook emphasizes high-quality holistic care taking account of the needs of patients with complex comorbidities, as well as their families. The imperative of prevention and rehabilitation in terms of both primary and secondary prevention is confirmed as well as educational, behavioural, and therapeutic interventions. The epidemiology of cardiovascular disease is covered including disease burden and inequalities across European regions. Chapters devoted to education and communication and pharmacology are also included. The textbook concludes with a chapter which looks into the future challenges and opportunities for nurses and the evolution of nursing in cardiovascular care. The hope of the editors is that the textbook inspires readers to ask questions, search for answers, and become the best cardiovascular nurses they can be, especially given the strong body of evidence showing that educational provision for nurses increases patient safety and saves lives.
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25

Ameneshewa, Birkinesh. The behaviour and biology of Anopheles arabiensis in relation to epidemiology and control of malaria in Ethiopia. University of Liverpool, 1995.

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26

Health and Human Behaviour: An Introduction. Oxford University Press, USA, 2003.

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27

Crisis: Heterosexual Behaviour in the Age of AIDS. Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1988.

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28

Naides, Stanley J. Viral arthritis. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199642489.003.0102.

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Viral infection may cause sudden onset polyarthralgia or polyarthritis. Recognizing viral syndromes during the acute phase of illness is critical as markers of acute infection may fade during convalescence. While joint symptoms and signs in many cases are self limited, in others joint involvement may persist for months to years. Acute and chronic findings may resemble classic idiopathic diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis or systemic lupus erythematosus. Some viral infections may manifest with rash, vasculitis, or organ involvement. Understanding of epidemiology, geography, clinical presentation, virus behaviour and host response assists diagnosis and selection of appropriate management. Understanding virus-host interactions may offer insights into mechanisms of pathogenesis in idiopathic rheumatic diseases.
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29

South African National HIV Prevalence, HIV Incidence, Behaviour and Communication Survey, 2005. Human Sciences Research Council, 2008.

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30

Turner, Charles. AIDS, Sexual Behaviour and Intravenous Drug Use. National Academy Press, 1989.

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31

Tielman, Rob, and Manuel Carballo. Bisexuality And HIV/Aids: A Global Perspective (New Concepts in Human Sexuality). Prometheus Books, 1991.

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32

Gielen, Stephan, Guy De Backer, Massimo Piepoli, and David Wood, eds. The ESC Textbook of Preventive Cardiology. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199656653.001.0001.

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Covering both principles and practice, The ESC Textbook of Preventive Cardiology is a state of the art resource for both the primary and secondary prevention of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Comprehensive, practical and extensively linked to practice guidelines and recommendations from the European Association of Cardiac Prevention and Rehabilitation (EACPR), it clearly connects the latest evidence base to strategies and proposals for the implementation of prevention in clinical practice. With a strong clinical focus the topics covered range from epidemiology and risk stratification through psychological factors, behaviour and motivation to secondary prevention, integrating hospital-based and community care for cardiovascular disease prevention and information on cardio-protective drugs. Case studies, clinical decision-making trees and drug tables with recommended doses and potential side-effects make it easier than ever to implement treatments in practice.
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33

Walker, Matthew C. Convulsive and non-convulsive status epilepticus. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199688395.003.0030.

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This chapter describes the definition, epidemiology, classification, diagnosis, and treatment of status epilepticus, concentrating on the roles that electroencephalography (EEG) plays. The term status epilepticus now encompasses a range of conditions from continuous convulsive seizures to clinically subtle non-convulsive seizures, which may manifest as changes in behaviour or personality. EEG is critical for the diagnosis of non-convulsive status epilepticus. Furthermore, the progression of convulsive status epilepticus is to an electromechanical dissociation in which continuous electrical seizure activity may have no or minimal clinical manifestations. In the later stages of status epilepticus, EEG is necessary to monitor treatment, but is confounded by the interpretation of periodic EEG patterns, which represent a continuum from interictal through to ictal activity. Post-status epilepticus EEG patterns have prognostic value: periodic epileptiform discharges, burst suppression patterns (off anaesthesia) and repetitive seizure activity are indicative of a poor long-term prognosis.
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34

Lebovitz, Harold E., and Shlomo Ben-Haim. Novel technologies: What does gastric electrical stimulation offer to the patient with type 2 diabetes and depression? Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198789284.003.0014.

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Owing to the epidemiologic dimensions of type 2 diabetes, obesity, and depression, the development of novel and effective treatment options for these conditions is of great importance. One of the major challenges in this field is that many antidiabetic and antidepressive drugs may have disadvantageous metabolic effects by increasing weight and worsening insulin resistance. Novel technologies more effectively considering the pathophysiological changes related to this entity are needed. The DIAMOND electrical stimulation device improves glycaemic control, causes weight loss and decreases systolic blood pressure in overweight and obese patients with type 2 diabetes. The DIAMOND device detects food ingestion and automatically activates its postprandial metabolic effects. It does so with minimal side effects, no hypoglycaemia, modest weight loss, minimal requirement for self-blood glucose monitoring, and improvement in eating behaviour. The properties of DIAMOND treatment suggest that it may have merit for treating patients with comorbid diabetes and depression.
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35

Bafadhel, Mona. Prevention of respiratory disease. Edited by Patrick Davey and David Sprigings. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199568741.003.0344.

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The prevention of disease at a population health level rather than an individual health level is aimed at reducing causes of ‘preventable’ death and, under the auspices of public health and epidemiology, is an integral part of primary, secondary, and tertiary care. Classification of death is usually according to the type of primary disease or injury. However, there are a number of recognized risk factors for death, and modifications in behaviour or risk factors can substantially reduce preventable causes of death and the associated healthcare and economic burden of chronic disease management. According to the WHO, hundreds of millions of people from infancy to old age suffer from preventable chronic respiratory diseases, there are over four million deaths annually from preventable respiratory diseases, and common respiratory disorders (e.g. lower respiratory tract infections, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, lung cancer, and tuberculosis) account for approximately 20% of all deaths worldwide. This chapter discusses the prevention of respiratory disease, covering diseases associated with smoking (one of the biggest risk factors associated with preventable deaths), air pollution, and other lifestyle factors associated with respiratory disease; changes in legislation concerning smoking and work-related respiratory disease; and, finally, the prevention of respiratory diseases through the use of immunization and screening tools.
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36

Schmid-Hempel, Paul. Evolutionary Parasitology. 2nd ed. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198832140.001.0001.

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Parasites are ubiquitous and shape almost every aspect of their hosts, including physiology, behaviour, life histories, the structure of the microbiota, and entire communities. Hence, parasitism is one of the most potent forces in nature and, without parasites, the world would look very different. The book gives an overview over the parasite groups and the diversity of defences that hosts have evolved, such as immune systems. Principles of evolutionary biology and ecology analyse major elements of host–parasite interactions, including virulence, infection processes, tolerance, resistance, specificity, memory, polymorphisms, within-host dynamics, diseases spaces, and many other aspects. Genetics is always one of the key elements in these topics. Modelling, furthermore, can predict best strategies for host and parasites. Similarly, the spread of an infectious disease in epidemiology combines with molecular data and genomics. Furthermore, parasites have evolved ways to overcome defences and to manipulate their hosts. Hosts and parasites, therefore, continuously co-evolve, with changes sometimes occurring very rapidly, and sometimes requiring geological times. Many infectious diseases of humans have emerged from a zoonotic origin, in processes governed by the basic principles discussed in the different sections. Hence, this book integrates different fields to study the diversity of host–parasite processes and phenomena. It summarizes the essential topics for the study of evolutionary parasitology and will be useful for a broad audience.
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37

Armstrong, Neil, and Willem van Mechelen, eds. Oxford Textbook of Children's Sport and Exercise Medicine. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198757672.001.0001.

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Comprehensive and up to date, this textbook on children’s sport and exercise medicine features research and practical experience of internationally recognized scientists and clinicians that informs and challenges readers. Four sections—Exercise Science, Exercise Medicine, Sport Science, and Sport Medicine—provide a critical, balanced, and thorough examination of each subject, and each chapter provides cross-references, bulleted summaries, and extensive reference lists. Exercise Science covers growth, biological maturation and development, and examines physiological responses to exercise in relation to chronological age, biological maturation, and sex. It analyses kinetic responses at exercise onset, scrutinizes responses to exercise during thermal stress, and evaluates how the sensations arising from exercise are detected and interpreted during youth. Exercise Medicine explores physical activity and fitness and critically reviews their role in young people’s health. It discusses assessment, promotion, and genetics of physical activity, and physical activity in relation to cardiovascular health, bone health, health behaviours, diabetes, asthma, congenital conditions, and physical/mental disability. Sport Science analyses youth sport, identifies challenges facing the young athlete, and discusses the physiological monitoring of the elite young athlete. It explores molecular exercise physiology and the potential role of genetics. It examines the evidence underpinning aerobic, high-intensity, resistance, speed, and agility training programmes, as well as effects of intensive or over-training during growth and maturation. Sport Medicine reviews the epidemiology, prevention, diagnosis, and management of injuries in physical education, contact sports, and non-contact sports. It also covers disordered eating, eating disorders, dietary supplementation, performance-enhancing drugs, and the protection of young athletes.
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