Journal articles on the topic 'Behavioural change intention'
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Jellason, Nugun, Richard Baines, John Conway, and Chukwuma Ogbaga. "Climate Change Perceptions and Attitudes to Smallholder Adaptation in Northwestern Nigerian Drylands." Social Sciences 8, no. 2 (January 23, 2019): 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/socsci8020031.
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As climate change is projected to increase in vulnerable areas of the world, we examined farmers’ perceptions of this change and their attitudes to adaptation in two communities (Zango and Kofa) in northwestern Nigeria. A total of 220 arable farming households completed a livelihoods survey preplanting. The perceptions survey was followed by a survey of 154 households post-harvest for the attitudes questions based on the theory of planned behaviour (TPB). In addition to the positive responses from the farmers towards climate change perceptions, TPB findings reveal that such perceptions could lead to intentions to adapt as determinants of attitude were significant. Subjective norm was a significant predictor of adaptation intention in Kofa, but not in Zango. Perceived behavioural control, though useful, was not a determinant of climate change adaptation intention. Most importantly, principal component analysis (PCA) of climate change perception variables allowed us to discriminate smallholder farming households and can be used as a tool for segmentation into climate change-perceiving and nonperceiving farming households. Efforts towards improving the determinants of behavioural intention for the poorly perceiving group could lead to better decisions to adapt to climate change and provide more targeted extension support in the future.
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Rodriguez-Gutierrez, Pablo, Luis Javier Cabeza-Ramírez, and Guzmán Antonio Muñoz-Fernández. "University Students’ Behaviour towards Entrepreneurial Intention in Ecuador: Testing for the Influence of Gender." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 22 (November 16, 2020): 8475. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17228475.
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While the current global context of successive economic and health crises are punishing the economies of different countries in the world, it is particularly relevant to explore the business intentions of young university students, as potential entrepreneurs of opportunity. This matter is of the utmost importance, as it helps to facilitate the implementation of measures that can ensure the future recovery of the economy and the creation of new businesses. The objective of this paper is to study the institutional and psychological antecedents of entrepreneurial intention and the role of gender. The theory of planned behaviour is applied to assess how personal attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioural control can affect students′ intention of becoming an entrepreneur. In addition, organizational support and institutional barriers are tested as potentially significant antecedents of entrepreneurial intention, along with the influence of gender. The research carried out was based on survey responses from a sample of 740 students of economics, communications, and education at an Ecuadorian university. The research propositions were tested using a partial least squares approach. Results indicate that behaviour towards entrepreneurship does not change in relation to gender. In addition, personal attitudes and perceived behavioural control regarding entrepreneurship are positively related to students′ entrepreneurial intention. Organizational support is also found to be important for generating entrepreneurial intention. The paper adds to the current knowledge base on entrepreneurial intention by analysing the individual and joint influence of the principal elements of the theory of planned behaviour, as well as organizational support and institutional barriers on entrepreneurial intentions. Moreover, the research provides a useful perspective on the antecedents of entrepreneurial intention in an unexplored context such as Ecuador, by responding to the call focusing on entrepreneurial intention in different regions, cultures, and contexts.
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Cara, Corina, and Tudor Tocila. "Endorsements’ Effects of one Branded Service on Attitude, Purchase Intention and Intention of Recommendation Towards the Service Category." Annals of the Alexandru Ioan Cuza University - Economics 62, s1 (October 1, 2015): 65–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/aicue-2015-0037.
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Abstract The study focuses on the effectiveness of endorsement strategies in the beauty service industry. We refer an effective endorsement strategy as a strategy where the endorser is perceived as trustful and we assume that trustworthiness leads to an attitudinal or behavioural change. This quantitative research aims to identify the changes in attitude, purchase intention and intention of recommendation based on the perceived credibility derived from three different sources of endorsement - celebrities, experts and typical satisfied consumers. 426 subjects participated on an online survey. Their attitudes and intentions related to the service category were measured before and after they were exposed to an ad layout for one branded service. All the tracked changes were significant, leading endorsement to make positive changes in purchase and recommendation intentions, but negative changes in attitude. Differences between consumers and nonconsumers and between males and females were analysed.
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Thorman, Dan, Lorraine Whitmarsh, and Christina Demski. "Policy Acceptance of Low-Consumption Governance Approaches: The Effect of Social Norms and Hypocrisy." Sustainability 12, no. 3 (February 9, 2020): 1247. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12031247.
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Tackling over-consumption of resources and associated emissions at the lifestyle level will be crucial to climate change mitigation. Understanding the public acceptability of policy aimed at behaviour change in this domain will help to focus strategy towards effective and targeted solutions. Across two studies (n = 259, 300) we consider how policy approaches at different levels of governance (individual, community, and national) might be influenced by the inducement of hypocrisy and the activation of social norms. We also examine the influence of these experimental manipulations upon behavioural intention to reduce consumption (e.g., repair not replace, avoiding luxuries). Dynamic social norm framing was unsuccessful in producing an effect on policy acceptance or intentions to reduce consumption. Information provision about the impact of individual consumption on global climate change increased support for radical policies at the national level (banning environmentally harmful consumption practices) and the community level (working fewer hours, sharing material products, collaborative food cultivation), yet the inducement of hypocrisy had no additional effect. This is in contrast to individual-level behavioural intentions, where the inducement of hypocrisy decreased intentions to engage in high-consumption behaviour. This paper concludes with implications for low-consumption governance.
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Dong, Xiao, Ruoya Wang, and Yaodong Zhou. "Can Negative Travel Habits Hinder Positive Travel Behavioural Change under Beijing Vehicle Restrictions?" Promet - Traffic&Transportation 32, no. 5 (October 5, 2020): 691–709. http://dx.doi.org/10.7307/ptt.v32i5.3453.
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Given the rapid development of large cities, the residents faced with pressure both at work and in their personal lives tend to solidify their choice of transport modes and form personal travel habits, which in turn leads to higher requirements for urban traffic management. Based on the modified Theory of Planned Behaviour, the structural equation method is employed to explore people’s travel behaviour. It is found that policy attitude, perceived behaviour control, and subjective norms comprehensively affect the residents’ travel intentions under the Vehicle Restrictions in place in Beijing. The residents without private cars display a stronger intention to change their travel choices under the policies. When considering the mediating effect of travel habits between travel intention and travel choice, the impact of the restrictive policies is weakened. Compared with lower-income people, those with higher incomes demonstrate more stable travel habits in response to the effects of the restrictions. The higher the income, the greater the dependence on private cars exhibited by the residents. To summarize, people’s travel habits weaken to some extent the effects of the restrictive policies. Such policies should be created with the explicit aim of gradually changing the people’s habits.
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MacDonald, Edith, Taciano Milfont, and Michael Gavin. "What drives cat-owner behaviour? First steps towards limiting domestic-cat impacts on native wildlife." Wildlife Research 42, no. 3 (2015): 257. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr14164.
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Context Cats can have substantial negative impacts on native wildlife. To harness the collective conservation impact of owners keeping cats inside, advocacy campaigns need to be based on empirical evidence regarding potential drivers to change cat-owner behaviour. Aims We assessed the degree to which different socio-psychological factors (attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioural control), past cat owner behaviour, demographics and group membership explained intentions of zoo visitors to bring cats inside. Methods A self-report questionnaire was distributed to zoo visitors based on the theory of planned behaviour. Visitors rated 24 belief statements and four behavioural-intention questions on a scale of one to seven. We adopted an information-theoretic approach to make inferences about the drivers of intention to bring cats inside. Key results Attitude and normative beliefs were strong predictors of intention. Specifically, attitudinal beliefs focussed on the benefits to the cat of being inside or the positive impact on the owner were correlated with intention. Bringing cats inside for the benefit of native species was weakly correlated with intention. We found an interaction between normative beliefs (injunctive and descriptive) and past behaviour. For respondents who were intermittently bringing their cat inside, veterinarians were a key injunctive normative influence. In contrast, respondents who kept their cat outside exclusively rated descriptive norms as influential on their own behaviour. Conclusions Our results indicated a way forward for future advocacy campaigns. To increase the frequency of visitors bringing cats inside, future research should look at campaigns using veterinarians to advocate messages that emphasise the benefits to the cat of being inside or the positive impact on the owner. To target visitors who keep their cat outside exclusively, a normative campaign highlighting the actions of others bringing their cats inside at night may prove successful. Implications Given the impacts cats have on wildlife, conservation campaigns need to properly design communication campaigns to have the best chance at altering cat-owner behaviour. Our results can help guide this process.
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Hino, Hayiel. "Does switching-intention result in a change in behaviour? Exploring the actual behavioural shopping patterns of switching-intended customers." British Food Journal 119, no. 12 (December 4, 2017): 2903–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/bfj-12-2016-0622.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationship between switching intention and actual behaviour in the grocery shopping context. In particular, the study examines how switching intention drives customers to either replace the current store or cross to others. In addition, the study examines the role of cross-shopping in total-switching behaviour. Design/methodology/approach The study employs data collected from a sample consisting of 247 food grocery shoppers. The conceptual framework and hypothesis were analysed using the partial least squares approach. Findings The empirical results support the author’s claim that the research approach applied in this study better explains the switching intention–actual behaviour relationship. Specifically, the analysis provides strong support for the effect of switching intention and various moderating barriers on both cross-shopping and total-switching behaviour. Additionally, the study results point to the positive relationship between cross-shopping and total-switching, indicating that crossing to competing stores is the first step towards utilising the total-switching behaviour. Practical implications Implications for food retail providers are identified, together with a discussion of the study’s limitations and avenues for future research. Originality/value The study extends previous research in that it proposed and tested a conceptual framework for investigating the relationship between switching-intention and actual behaviour, claiming that switching intention drives customers to either replace their current store or cross to others, whereas the crossing pattern is a predictor of the total-switching behaviour.
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Murugesan, Ramasamy, and Rathinam Jayavelu. "Testing the impact of entrepreneurship education on business, engineering and arts and science students using the theory of planned behaviour." Journal of Entrepreneurship in Emerging Economies 7, no. 3 (September 7, 2015): 256–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jeee-12-2014-0053.
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Purpose – The purpose of this study is to test the impact of entrepreneurship education on business, engineering and arts and science students using the theory of planned behaviour. The study adopted a pre-test–post-test (time 1, t1 and time 2, t2) to measure the change of attitudes and intentions over a period of six months. The participants who took entrepreneurship as a compulsory or elective course within their curriculum are 450 in total. To measure attitude, the subjective norm and perceived behavioural control, the study adopted a measure proposed by Kolvereid (1996b). For the intention to become self-employed, the study adopted a three-item measure of career intention, proposed by Kolvereid (1996b), which captures the intention of an individual to start a business. The results showed that the post-programme mean values of subjective norm, attitude towards self-employment, perceived behavioural control and intention towards self-employment increased in relation to the pre-programme ones. But the mean difference value in all four variables is higher for business students when compared to the other two student groups. Also, t-tests indicated no significant differences between respondents and “incomplete” non-respondents (students who filled the t1 questionnaire but failed to respond at t2). Design/methodology/approach – The study adopted a pre-test–post-test (time 1, t1 and time 2, t2) to measure the change of attitudes and intentions over a period of six months – one semester. A convenient sample technique has been used. The participants who took entrepreneurship as a compulsory or elective course within their curriculum are 450 in total – 100 (Bharathidasan University, Trichy) from business, 100 (National Institute of Technology, Trichy) from engineering and 250 (Bharathidasan University, Trichy) from art and science). The total 250 arts and science students were selected from four reputed art and science colleges in India where entrepreneurship course is offered either as compulsory or elective course, and due share of 60 was given to each college where the total number of students in the final year was 1,000 to 1,500 in each college. The 100 engineering students were selected from one reputed engineering college where the total number of final year students was 750. Finally, 100 business students were selected from two reputed business schools where the number of final year students was 600. All the students from arts and science and engineering were soon-to-graduate undergraduates and business students were soon-to-graduate postgraduates. It was clearly explained to the surveyed students that the questionnaires were for research purposes only, participation was voluntary and their views would not affect their grades. Both time 1 (t1) and time 2 (t2) questionnaires were reviewed by three academics and five non-participating students to ensure clarity of wording and face validity of the constructs. Findings – The overall response rate was 55.3 per cent. The mean and standard deviation of variables, attitude towards self-employment, subjective norm, perceived behavioural control and intention towards self-employment for the samples of business students, engineering students and arts and science students are presented in . To test the hypothesis, the present study used the following tests: Correlation (Tables III-V) and regression (Table VI) to test the relationship between attitudes and intention at t1 and t2. To test the effect of the programme on the change of attitudes and intentions, the current study used one-way ANOVA on the difference scores (for sample of business, engineering and arts and science) with the group membership (programme) as the independent variable. The “difference scores” method is preferable to split-plot repeated measures ANOVA for pre-test–post-test designs, because it gives equivalent results in a simpler and less confusing way (Girden, 1992). No significant violations of the assumptions for t-test, repeated measured ANOVA and regression were identified. Specifically, the common problem of multicollinearity was not evident for all the three majors of students, as the correlations between independent variables were moderate and the tolerance values were all higher than 0.70 for business group, 0.72 for engineering group and 0.73 for arts and science group. Research limitations/implications – The study aimed to address the attitudes and intentions among business, engineering students and art and science students, but not actual behaviour, and therefore, the study echoes the suggestion that longitudinal studies following the subjects for years after graduation are the only way to prove with accuracy the intention–behaviour link (Kolvereid, 1996b). The study is a comparative study on the effect of entrepreneurship education through the Azjen’s theory of planned behaviour on the scores of variable attitudes towards self-employment, subjective norms, perceived behavioural control and intention towards self-employment and has not made any attempt to find out the causes for such scores. Originality/value – Using the theory of planned behaviour, the study tested the impact of entrepreneurship education on business, engineering and arts and science students. The study adopted a pre-test–post-test (time 1, t1 and time 2, t2) to measure the change of attitudes and intentions over a period of six months. The participants who took entrepreneurship as a compulsory or elective course within their curriculum are in total 450. To measure attitude, the subjective norm and perceived behavioural control, the study adopted a measure proposed by Kolvereid (1996b). For the intention of becoming self-employed, the study adopted a three-item measure of career intention, proposed by Kolvereid (1996b), which captures the intention of an individual to start a business. The results showed that the post-programme mean values of subjective norm, attitude towards self-employment, perceived behavioural control and intention towards self-employment increased in relation to the pre-programme ones. But the mean difference value in all four variables is higher for business students when compared to the other two student groups.
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Metcalfe, Daniel, Esraa Aldalooj, Matthew Thakur, and Lara Clements. "Framing superbugs - testing whether advocacy frames change attitudes, intention or behaviour using an online randomised control experiment." Wellcome Open Research 6 (May 26, 2021): 131. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/wellcomeopenres.16723.1.
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Background: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) presents a significant threat to global health, requiring multifaceted action by individuals and policymakers. Advocates must persuade others to act. Making communication about AMR more effective could plausibly increase support for action. The Wellcome Trust-funded ‘Reframing Resistance’ project used communications research to develop framing recommendations for the language practitioners use to describe AMR. The aim of this study was to explore how this language influenced attitudes and behaviours towards AMR. Methods: This study was a randomised trial to evaluate the effects of different styles of AMR framing language upon attitudinal and behavioural measures. Participants (n=1,934) were recruited in October 2019 using an on-line tool called “Prolific” and randomly assigned to review five variations of AMR narratives: four experimental frames which incorporated different combinations of language recommended by the framing guidelines, or a control frame without these features, taken from UN AMR communications. Participants were then asked a series of attitudinal and behavioural questions in relation to the AMR narrative they reviewed. Attitudes were measured using five-point Likert-type scales and behaviours were measured using binary variables. Descriptive analysis was used to explore respondents’ characteristics and multivariable logistic regression models were used to establish independent associations between AMR frames and respondents’ attitudes and behaviours. Results: Participants who reviewed narratives that followed framing language guidelines were more likely to donate money or sign a petition, and rated narratives as more usable and important than participants who reviewed the control framing. Conclusions: While larger trials with more diverse participants are needed to confirm generalisability, these results suggest that applying framing to communications could help advocates of AMR to drive action. Furthermore, the study reinforces the value of randomised studies to empirically test the impact of frames upon behaviour and indicates the potential for a more extensive programme of research.
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Yonemitsu, Fumiya, Ayumi Ikeda, Naoto Yoshimura, Kaito Takashima, Yuki Mori, Kyoshiro Sasaki, Kun Qian, and Yuki Yamada. "Warning ‘Don't spread’ versus ‘Don't be a spreader’ to prevent the COVID-19 pandemic." Royal Society Open Science 7, no. 9 (September 2020): 200793. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.200793.
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The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak is threatening not only health but also life worldwide. It is important to encourage citizens to voluntarily practise infection-prevention (IP) behaviours such as social distancing and self-restraint. Previous research on social cognition suggested that emphasizing self-identity is key to changing a person's behaviour. The present study investigated whether reminders that highlight self-identity would be effective in changing intention and behaviour related to the COVID-19 outbreak, and hypothesized that those who read reminders highlighting self-identity (Don't be a spreader) would change IP intention and behaviour better than those who read ‘Don't spread’ or no reminder. We conducted a two-wave survey of the same participants with a one-week interval, during which we assigned one of three reminder conditions to the participants: ‘Don't spread’ (spreading condition), ‘Don't be a spreader’ (spreader condition) and no reminder (control condition). Participants marked their responses to IP intentions and actual behaviours each week based on the Japanese Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare guidelines. While the results did not show significant differences between the conditions, the post hoc analyses showed significant equivalence in either IP intentions or behavioural scores. We discussed the results from the perspective of the effect size, ceiling effects and ways of manipulation checks as future methods with more effective persuasive messaging. Following in-principle acceptance, the approved Stage 1 version of this manuscript was pre-registered on the OSF at https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/KZ5Y4. This pre-registration was performed prior to data collection and analysis.
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Abang Mustaffa, Dayang Norfazila, Mohamad Ghazali Masuri, Akehsan Dahlan, and Khairil Anuar Md. Isa. "Speeding Intention among Young Urban Drivers." Asian Journal of Behavioural Studies 2, no. 7 (July 1, 2017): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.21834/ajbes.v2i7.41.
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The number of road traffic accidents among young adult aged under 25 years old is an alarming issue in Malaysia. A five pages self-reported questionnaire was distributed to 384 young drivers' to investigate their intention in speeding while driving. Results have shown, the intention to speed among low and high intended based line group revealed a significant difference when it was compared with four types of scenario. Correct stimulation while driving could help drivers to change their intention to speed. This stimulation may be able to reduce the drivers' potential to involve with an accident and will save peoples' life.Keywords: Speeding behavior; intention to speed; young driver’s; urban university2398-4295 © 2017 The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, UniversitiTeknologi MARA, Malaysia.
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Howe, Caroline, Olga Obgenova, and E. J. Milner-Gulland. "Evaluating the effectiveness of a public awareness campaign as a conservation intervention: the saiga antelope Saiga tatarica in Kalmykia, Russia." Oryx 46, no. 2 (April 2012): 269–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0030605311001025.
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AbstractWe carried out an in-depth analysis of a media campaign designed to raise awareness of the ecology and conservation of the Critically Endangered saiga antelope Saiga tatarica in the Pre-Caspian region of Russia. We carried out 250 semi-structured interviews in eight villages. The effectiveness of the campaign was assessed using change in opinion over the previous 3 years as an attitudinal indicator and amount pledged for saiga conservation as a measure of behavioural intention. The campaign induced positive changes in attitudes and behavioural intention. Reinforcement was important, with people's retention of information about saiga conservation from the campaign being positively correlated with their level of ecological knowledge about the species. Similarly, behavioural intention towards the saiga was more likely to be positive in individuals who had a high level of exposure to the species and/or had been subject to two or more different conservation interventions. Level of attitudinal change was dependent on an interaction between the date when the media campaign was carried out and the age of the respondent. We conclude that public awareness campaigns, if designed to take into account the socio-demographics and cultural background of the target audience, can be an effective method of improving attitudes towards conservation.
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Falasinnu, Titilola O. "A Population-Based Evaluation of the Intention to Quit Smoking, Cervical Cancer Screening Behaviour, and Multiple Health Behaviours Among Female Canadian Smokers." Journal of Smoking Cessation 6, no. 2 (December 1, 2011): 119–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1375/jsc.6.2.119.
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AbstractIntroduction:Proschaska's transtheoretical model (TTM) of behaviour change suggests that a population of smokers varies along many dimensions, including readiness to quit and the presence of other risk factors. This study examines whether smokers contemplating quitting are more likely to be contemplating another change (e.g., Pap testing and physical activity).Methods:The study used self-reported cross-sectional data (n= 2,873) from the Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS) Cycle 4.1 2007/2008. The association between the smoking stage of change (SOC) and Pap testing behaviour was assessed. Control variables included sociodemographic and behavioural characteristics (e.g. doctor visits and number of cigarettes smoked). The distribution of health behaviours (e.g., dietary changes and exercise) by smoking SOC among women with recent Pap tests was also examined.Results:Female smokers contemplating or preparing to quit smoking had higher odds of having a recent Pap test, OR = 1.40, 95% CI (1.19, 1.65), and OR = 1.82, 95% CI (1.47, 2.25) respectively, compared to smokers who had no intention of quitting. This association remained statistically significant after adjusting for confounders, AOR = 1.28, 95% CI (1.08, 1.52), and AOR = 1.63, 95% CI (1.31, 2.04) respectively. Fruit and vegetable consumption, physical activity, and recent dental visit were associated with advanced smoking SOC among women with recent Pap tests (P< .05).Conclusions:Advanced smoking SOC was associated with the increased likelihood of having a recent Pap test and engaging in other healthy behaviours. These findings show that targeting several health behaviours simultaneously may be an effective health promotion strategy.
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Odhiambo Joseph, Owino. "Pro-Environmental Consumer Behavior: A Critical Review of Literature." International Journal of Business and Management 15, no. 1 (December 12, 2019): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ijbm.v15n1p1.
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The damage to the environment caused by commercial activities and consumption behaviours has become a reason for concern in recent times. Sustainable consumption and drivers behind it was the main objective of the study. The study is a critical review of literature on pro-environmental behaviours with focus on theory, behavioural drivers and inhibitors. The review covered conceptual and empirical papers selected from peer reviewed articles with high citation index. Behaviour change theories including theory of reasoned action, theory of planned behaviour, norm activation theory and goal framing theory were reviewed. In light of theory, attitude, behavioural intention and perceived consequences are the major variables that cause pro-environmental behaviour. Nevertheless, norm activation theory fails to explain behaviour where people are in denial of responsibility for the consequences of their consumption. The study established that pro-environmental behaviour is caused by both intrinsic and extrinsic factors. Intrinsic factors include environmental awareness and knowledge, attitude, consumer age, education, and concern for the environment. Extrinsic factors including income, social network and culture bridge the gap between attitude and pro-environmental behaviour. Perceived high price and lack of trust for green products were the major barriers to sustainable consumption behaviours. The study concludes that interaction between consumer attitude and favourable contextual factors lead to pro-environmental behaviours.
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Basri, Nur Khairiyah, Nur Sabahiah Abdul Sukor, and Sitti Asmah binti Hassan. "An Analysis of Pro-Environmental Attributes towards Adolescents in Penang Using Extended Theory of Planned Behaviour." Applied Mechanics and Materials 802 (October 2015): 419–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.802.419.
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The energy consumption in transportation sector was mostly created by the individual likeness to use private motor vehicle. High dependency on private motor vehicles has contributed not only to the traffic problem but also accounted to carbon emission. This study aims to investigate the psychological factors that influencing the adolescents’ intention to be more pro-environmental. This study found that the behavioural intention was significantly influenced by the adolescents’ awareness towards consequences, attitude towards environment and public transport, the sentiment of moral obligation to change, and the perceived possibilities or difficulty to practice environmental friendly travel behaviour.
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Masuri, Mohamad Ghazali, Dayang Norfazila Abang Mustaffa, Akehsan Dahlan, and Khairil Anuar Md. Isa. "The Intention in Speeding Behavior between Low and High Intended Young Driver in Urban University." Environment-Behaviour Proceedings Journal 1, no. 1 (June 26, 2016): 330. http://dx.doi.org/10.21834/e-bpj.v1i1.229.
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The number of road traffic accidents among young adult aged under 25 years old is an alarming issue in Malaysia. A five pages self-reported questionnaire was distributed to 384 young drivers' to investigate their intention in speeding while driving. Results have shown, the intention to speed among low and high intended based line group revealed a significant difference when it was compared with four types of scenario. Correct stimulation while driving could help drivers to change their intention to speed. This stimulation may be able to reduce the drivers' potential to involve with an accident and will save peoples' life.© 2016. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies, Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.Keywords: Speeding behavior; intention to speed; young driver’s; urban university
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Mazambani, Last, and Emmanuel Mutambara. "Predicting FinTech innovation adoption in South Africa: the case of cryptocurrency." African Journal of Economic and Management Studies 11, no. 1 (October 21, 2019): 30–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ajems-04-2019-0152.
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Purpose Financial technology innovation within the developed world is driving financial markets, yet its adoption is lagging among consumers in emerging markets. At the same time, most African economies continue to be at the tail end of global financial innovations adoption. Given lagging consumer adoption of cryptocurrency in South Africa, the purpose of this paper is to apply the theory of planned behaviour (TPB) to predict behavioural intention to adopt cryptocurrency. Design/methodology/approach A survey instrument based on the TPB was used to collect quantitative data for predicting adoption from adult distance students at the Mancosa, Cape Town campus. For data analysis, the two-step structural equation modelling approach was used. Findings The findings indicate that attitude and perceived behavioural control positively impact the intention to adopt cryptocurrency. Subjective norm showed a negative non-significant influence. Overall, the results of the study show that the model has a good model fit and can be used to explain the theory. Research limitations/implications The results of this study may not be generalisable to the wider population as it is only based on a cross-sectional study of a sample of adult students at a single institute in South Africa. Originality/value The contribution of this paper is threefold: it is one of a few studies on the behavioural intention to adopt cryptocurrency in South Africa using the TPB model, it contributes towards the use of predictive behavioural economics models in understanding consumer behaviour critical to accelerating the adoption of financial innovations, and the results of the study also inform behaviour change strategies that can be applied by practitioners or policymakers to improve adoption. Studies of this nature may lead to the development of financial innovation in emerging markets through a nuanced understanding of consumer behaviour.
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Gupta, Vikas, Kavita Khanna, and Raj Kumar Gupta. "A study on the street food dimensions and its effects on consumer attitude and behavioural intentions." Tourism Review 73, no. 3 (August 20, 2018): 374–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/tr-03-2018-0033.
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Purpose This study aims to find out various dimensions of the risk and benefit perceptions of the consumers of street food vendors. It will identify the reasons which affect consumer’s attitude and consumption patterns towards street foods, which bring about changes in their behavioural intentions (repurchase intention and word of mouth intention). Design/methodology/approach Five risk and two benefit factors were tested on a factor model by exploratory factor analysis using 26 constructs. Two-step approach was followed in which measurement model, having six constructs with 17 measurement items, were assessed, followed by the structural model. This study explained that the consumer attitude is affected by perceived risks and benefits. Further, the risk perception negatively affects the behavioural intentions. A conceptual model was framed to depict the relationships among variables and was empirically tested. Findings The results indicate that risk and benefit perception of consumers are not only inter-related but also responsible for their changes in attitudes towards the street foods. In the factorial analysis, it was found that perceived benefit factors, i.e. convenience and value, are responsible for positively influencing the attitude of consumers towards street food. The findings indicate that reducing risk perception and increasing benefit perception will positively change the patron’s attitude. Originality/value The data collection was done through a structured questionnaire specifically drafted to collect the relevant data for the study from the 658 street food consumers in Delhi. To examine the factorability of 26 items of risk/benefit perception, 586 observations were used.
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Alhamad, Hamza, and Parastou Donyai. "The Validity of the Theory of Planned Behaviour for Understanding People’s Beliefs and Intentions toward Reusing Medicines." Pharmacy 9, no. 1 (March 9, 2021): 58. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmacy9010058.
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Background: many factors can impact a person’s behaviour. When the behaviour is subject to prediction, these factors can include, for example, the perceived advantages and disadvantages of performing the behaviour, normative beliefs, and whether the behaviour is thought to be achievable. This paper examines intentions to engage in medicines reuse, i.e., to accept medicines that are returned unused to a pharmacy to be reused. The paper aims to outline the validity of the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) for understanding people’s intentions to engage in medicines reuse by examining this against other long-standing health-related psychological theories of behavioural change. Thus, the Health Belief Model (HBM), Protection Motivation Theory (PMT), Trans-Theoretical Model of Health Behaviour Change (TTM/SoC), Theory of Reasoned Action (TRA), and TPB are examined for their application in the study of medicines reuse. Discussion: the HBM, PMT, TTM/SoC, TRA, and TPB were assessed for their relevance to examining medicines reuse as a behaviour. The validity of the TPB was justified for the development of a Medication Reuse Questionnaire (MRQ) to explore people’s beliefs and intention toward reusing medicines. Conclusion: TPB has been widely used inside and outside of health-related research and it was found to have more accurately defined constructs, making it helpful in studying medicines reuse behaviour.
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Pandey, Richa, and V. Mary Jessica. "Sub-optimal behavioural biases and decision theory in real estate." International Journal of Housing Markets and Analysis 12, no. 2 (April 1, 2019): 330–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijhma-10-2018-0075.
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Purpose The purpose of this study is to explain the relationship between behavioural biases, investment satisfaction and reinvestment intention considering the effect of evolutionary psychology. The study believes that biases are not at all times bad; sometimes, biases can assist the individual investor to select the top course of action and allow them to go for the less costly mistakes, thereby helping in achieving satisficing behaviour. Design/methodology/approach Data were collected using structured and a close-ended questionnaire from a sample of 560 respondents by using multi-stage stratified sampling method. PLS-SEM was used for preliminary validation of the questionnaire. Mediation model using the structural equation model (SEM) with the help of AMOS 20 was used for the analyses. Pre-requisite assumptions for SEM were checked by using sample characteristics. The study has three constructs with multiple items; hence, the instrument validation was done by measuring the construct validity and reliability using Cronbach’s alpha, exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis with the help of SPSS 20 and AMOS 20. Findings The study confirms that behavioural biases influence investment decisions in the real estate market. Further, investment satisfaction is found to have a significant and complementary partial mediating effect. The positive mediating effect of investment satisfaction between behavioural biases and reinvestment intention shows that biases are natural tendencies in response to limit to learning which can be explained by evolutionary psychology. Research limitations/implications There are chances that the result obtained here is because of myopic decision-making behaviour in which the long-time horizon is not considered and behavioural biases, as well as evolutionary psychology, are adaptive, so the result may change in the long-time horizon, which seeks further investigations. The study talked about the relationship between behavioural biases, investment satisfaction and reinvestment intention; it will be interesting to bring some more constructs in this model, for example, investment intention and reinvestment behaviour; this can deliver a more precise picture in this regard. Practical implications Understanding such relationships will help in better clarity about the way investment is made. The study confirms that market behaviour in the real estate market is sub-optimal, which shows that there is an opportunity for attentive investors by trading and gathering on information. Real estate practitioners can get clues from market anomalies and investor phenomena; understanding these may suggest ways to use them in the market. Social implications Reforms in the housing sector do not only satisfy one of the basic needs but also leads to holistic economic development. Besides direct contribution, it contributes to social capital. Originality/value The study extends the current knowledge base about the relationship between behavioural biases, investment satisfaction and reinvestment intention. This study investigates the behavioural biases influencing the real estate market investment decisions of non-professional investors considering the effect of evolutionary psychology.
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Et.al, Nurul Izzah Mat Gheni@Ghani. "Modelling the Relationship between the Environmental Factors and Environmental Behavioural Intentionamong University Students using a Partial Least Squares–Structural Equation Model (PLS-SEM)." Turkish Journal of Computer and Mathematics Education (TURCOMAT) 12, no. 3 (April 11, 2021): 2644–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.17762/turcomat.v12i3.1290.
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Currently, the world is facing an exceptionally alarming scale of environmental problems involving phenomena such as climate change, ozone layer depletion and global warming. The affected world urgently requires an immediate way out to counter these environmental problems. Evidences show that environmentalproblems occurrencesare mainly due to irresponsible human activities. As part of overcoming these problems, behavioural solutions areneeded to make individuals friendly to the environment. As university students ‘populationrepresents huge users of large environmental resources, universities can play a major role in endorsing environmentally friendly behavior in society through proper environmental education to their students. However, information on the students’ pro-environmental behaviour is lacking in local universities such as in UniversitiTeknologi MARA (UiTM). Recent studies have found pro-environmental behavior can be explained by many direct factors, however, indirect factors have received far less attention. This study aims to (1) determine specific Environmental Factors that may affect Environmental Behavioural Intention among UiTM students and to (2) determine the mediation effect of Environmental Attitude on the relationship between Environmental Factors and Environmental Behavioural Intention.These Environmental Factors and mediation factors are analyzed using Partial Least Square - Structural Equations Modelling (PLS-SEM). Self-administered questionnaires were distributed among a sample of 382 UiTM students, selected using Stratified random sampling. The results indicate that two significant factors directly affect Environmental Behavioural Intention i.e. Environmental Knowledge and Social Norms.This implies that students with environmental knowledge and are surrounded by pro-environmental persons tend to have responsible environmental behaviour. Meanwhile, another two other factors i.e. Environmental Concern and Perceived Risk were found to be indirectly influencing Environmental Behavioural Intention through the mediation of Environmental Attitude. The finding indicates that students who are concerned about the environment and aware of the environmental risk related will behave in a responsible environmental manner if and only if the students have a positive attitude. Overall, integrating both types of direct and indirect factors to explain pro-environmental behaviour gives abetter understanding of the student’s attitude and behaviour towards the environment.
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Jorgensen, Michael P., Fergal T. O'Hagan, and Hugo Lehmann. "Concussion beliefs in varsity athletes: Identifying the good, the bad and the ugly." Journal of Concussion 1 (January 2017): 205970021773025. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2059700217730257.
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Objective Identify and describe attitudes and intentions towards personal concussion risk and protective behaviours among varsity athletes. Determine subgroups of athletes characterized by problematic intentions towards concussion prevention and management behaviours. Design Cross-sectional survey. Main outcome measures Varsity athletes ( N = 175; 60% male; 55.4% contact athletes; 56.6% history of concussion) completed a survey examining attitudes and intentions towards personal risk and concussion-management behaviours. Cluster and discriminant analyses were used to identify athlete risk response subgroups on intention items. The clusters were examined for differences in attitudes towards concussion prevention behaviours, demographics and concussion exposure. Results A substantially problematic subgroup of athletes (28% of the sample) reported low intent to engage in post concussion management practices or primary prevention behaviours. These individuals reported high concussion-risk acceptance and very low belief in the efficacy of concussion-management behaviours. They were also more likely to have sustained a concussion. Two other clusters demonstrated more acceptable behavioural intentions towards concussion prevention and management, with one holding model attitudes and intentions. Conclusions Varsity athletes exhibit one of three different patterns of intentions and attitudes towards concussion prevention and management behaviours. Athletes in one of these groups are at much greater risk of concussion injury and poorly follow recommended treatments. Intervention programmes need to target and aim to change these problematic intentions and attitudes to improve the effectiveness of concussion prevention and injury management.
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Saleki, Reza, Farzana Quoquab, and Jihad Mohammad. "What drives Malaysian consumers’ organic food purchase intention? The role of moral norm, self-identity, environmental concern and price consciousness." Journal of Agribusiness in Developing and Emerging Economies 9, no. 5 (October 14, 2019): 584–603. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jadee-02-2019-0018.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the factors that may affect consumer intention and behaviour to purchase organic food in a non-western context. Design/methodology/approach Responses were obtained from 246 organic food consumers using judgemental sampling. Data were analysed using partial least squares–structural equation modelling to examine the strength of the relationships among the constructs. Findings The findings reveal that attitude, subjective norm (SN), perceived behavioural control, moral norm (MN), self-identity (SI) and environmental concern (EC) exert significant positive effect on purchase intention (PI). Furthermore, PI is found to mediate the relationship among attitude, SN, perceived behavioural control, MN, SI and EC with purchase behaviour (PB). Moreover, the findings indicate that price consciousness moderates the relationship between PI and PB. Research limitations/implications The results of this study emphasised that marketers need to implement various marketing strategies including discount, advertisements and new product development to bring positive change in consumers’ intention and to attract them towards purchasing organic food. Moreover, marketers may take some initiatives to reduce the price of organic food through various strategies which eventually can reduce the cost of organic foods for local consumers. Originality/value This study extends the theory of planned behaviour (TBP) by incorporating MN, SI and EC. The expanded theoretical framework improved the predictive ability of the TBP.
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Pratap, Vidya, Maurya Dayashankar, and Seena Biju. "Role of Psychosocial Factors in Effective Design of Solid Waste Management Programmes: Evidence from India." Environment and Urbanization ASIA 11, no. 2 (August 23, 2020): 266–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0975425320938518.
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The critical need for behavioural change for effective solid waste management is well known. However, policies and programmes continue to underemphasize this crucial component in their design, especially in developing countries such as India. Further, empirical research on the psychosocial factors in solid waste management in developing countries is limited, including within India, where a large national programme for solid waste management is currently being implemented. Using a household survey based on the theory of planned behavioural change, we examine the psychosocial factors towards household waste segregation. We find that more than knowledge and attitude, consequences to behaviour play a critical role in intention as well as actual behaviour towards household waste segregation. Based on our findings, we draw implications for redesigning the national programme and contribute to empirical evidence on the role of psychosocial factors in solid waste management in the context of developing countries.
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Mathew, Veeva, Rofin Thirunelvelikaran Mohammed Ali, and Sam Thomas. "Loyalty intentions." Journal of Indian Business Research 6, no. 3 (August 12, 2014): 213–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jibr-12-2013-0104.
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Purpose – This article aims to present a model linking loyalty intention, brand commitment, brand credibility and brand awareness. The model shows the mediating role of brand commitment and brand credibility on loyalty intention. The researchers also investigated the changes in the given model under high and low involvement conditions, explicitly considering involvement as between-subject differences rather than between-product differences. The change in customer loyalty intention under varying levels of product involvement is a highly debated topic among researchers. Design/methodology/approach – The model was tested on a sample of 318 executives who have bought and are using deodorants. The respondents had given responses for loyalty intentions, brand commitment, brand credibility, brand awareness and involvement towards the brand of deodorant that they use. Confirmatory factor analysis was used to validate the tool for measurement of constructs and multi-group structural equation modelling for testing the hypotheses and comparing the nested models. Findings – The difference between high and low involvement groups in the given model supports the hierarchy-of-effects view. We found that attitude precedes behaviour for highly involved individuals but followed a different hierarchy among the individuals with low involvement. Research limitations/implications – This research investigates the proposed model for a single product category and so the scope of generalisability is limited to the product selected. This research has considered behavioural intention rather than the behaviour in this study. Practical implications – The study demonstrates the differences in the hierarchy-of-effects among low/high involvement groups. Thus, the findings will have an impact on the approach of practitioners, as different strategies will have to be adopted for the enhancement of loyalty intentions based on the difference in perceived involvement of consumers. Originality/value – This paper shows the need to differently target consumers with different levels of perceived involvement, within the same product class and thus between-subject involvement can be used as a segmentation variable.
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Vartiainen, O., A.-L. Elorinne, M. Niva, and P. Väisänen. "Finnish consumers’ intentions to consume insect-based foods." Journal of Insects as Food and Feed 6, no. 3 (June 9, 2020): 261–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.3920/jiff2019.0042.
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Introducing and increasing the use of insect-based foods as an alternative source of protein has recently aroused academic and commercial interest in Europe. In this research, we examined Finnish consumers’ intentions to consume insect-based foods in the near future. As a theoretical background we used Ajzen’s theory of planned behaviour (TPB), where individuals’ intentions to change their behaviour are affected by their attitude (A), subjective norm (SN) and perceived behavioural control (PBC). The data was obtained by using an online questionnaire and convenience sampling. For measuring TPB-components a self-administered 58-item Likert-type questionnaire was used. Food neophobia (FN) was measured by using the food neophobia scale. Respondents’ (n=564) intentions to consume insect-based foods were explained significantly (80%) by their A (β=0.749, P<0.001), SN (β=0.133, P<0.001), and PBC (β=-0.070, P<0.001), and gender (β=0.040, P<0.033). Food neophobia was negatively correlated with the intention to consume insect-based foods, ρ=-0.501, P<0.001. We found that women, students, those under 25 years of age, those living in rural areas and those who had no earlier experience of eating insects had less intention to consume insect-based foods. Based on the respondents’ perceptions of conditions for the consumption of insect-based foods, three clusters of consumers were identified; ‘likely consumers’ (44%), ‘potential consumers’ (39%) and ‘unlikely consumers’ (17%). Based on the findings, reasonable price and convenience are most important issues to potential consumers of insect-based foods.
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Via-Clavero, Gemma, Marta Sanjuán-Naváis, Marta Romero-García, Laura de la Cueva-Ariza, Gemma Martínez-Estalella, Erika Plata-Menchaca, and Pilar Delgado-Hito. "Eliciting critical care nurses’ beliefs regarding physical restraint use." Nursing Ethics 26, no. 5 (March 1, 2018): 1458–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0969733017752547.
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Background: Despite the reported harms and ethical concerns about physical restraint use in the critical care settings, nurses’ intention to apply them is unequal across countries. According to the theory of planned behaviour, eliciting nurses’ beliefs regarding the use of physical restraints would provide additional social information about nurses’ intention to perform this practice. Aim: To explore the salient behavioural, normative and control beliefs underlying the intention of critical care nurses to use physical restraints from the theory of planned behaviour. Research design: A belief elicitation study was conducted. Participants and research context: Twenty-six critical care nurses were purposively sampled across gender, work-shift patterns and professional experience in five intensive care units of three hospitals in Spain. Data were obtained from a nine-item open-ended questionnaire and a focus group. Deductive content analysis was performed. Ethical considerations: Ethical approval was obtained from the hospital ethics committee. Participants were assured their participation was voluntary. Findings: Nurses framed the use of restraints as a way of prioritising patients’ physical safety. They referred to contextual factors as the main reasons to justify their application. Nurses perceived that their decision is approved by other colleagues and the patients’ relatives. Some nurses started advocating against their use, but felt powerless to change this unsafe practice within an unfavourable climate. Control beliefs were linked to patients’ medical condition, availability of alternative solutions, analgo-sedation policies and work organisation. Discussion: Safety arguments based on the surrounding work environment were discussed. Conclusion: Nurses’ behavioural and control beliefs were related. Nurses should be trained in alternatives to physical restraint use. The impact of analgo-sedation protocols, relatives’ involvement, leadership support and intensive care unit restraint policies on physical restraint practices need to be revised. Further research is required to explore why nurses do not act with moral courage to change this harmful practice.
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Hamzah, Hanizah, and Hasrina Mustafa. "Exploring consumer boycott intelligence towards Israel-related companies in Malaysia." Journal of Islamic Marketing 10, no. 1 (March 4, 2019): 208–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jima-06-2017-0070.
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Purpose Drawing on the transtheoretical model (TTM) into the theory of planned behaviour (TPB) framework, this study aims to understand the factors affecting the intention of Malaysian consumers to boycott products and services from companies perceived to be supporting or funding Israel and identify specific TPB variables that are important at each stage of change. Design/methodology/approach Data collected were based on an online survey among 177 respondents working in Malaysian conglomerates based in Kuala Lumpur. Findings The results show moderate intention to participate in the boycott among the respondents with attitude towards boycott, subjective norm and perceived behavioural control of boycott have significant relationship with intention to participate in the boycott towards Israel. The study also found significant linear increases of TPB constructs across the stages of change, which indicated significant influence of all TPB constructs at each stage of change. Originality/value Consumer boycott is not unheard of in Malaysia, but empirical research in the area is still lacking. As markets expand, the consumers also evolve to become more knowledgeable and ethical in their consumption, sometimes choosing to boycott to coerce the companies or brands to be environmentally, ethically and socially responsible. Findings from this study are expected to benefit NGOs or associations that intend to develop more effective campaigns to encourage consumers to use boycott to drive social or ethical causes.
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Xue, Mengtian, Yuandong Zhao, Zhaohua Wang, and Bin Zhang. "Behavioural determinants of an individual's intention to adapt to climate change: Both internal and external perspectives." Environmental Impact Assessment Review 91 (November 2021): 106672. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eiar.2021.106672.
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Forestier, Cyril, Philippe Sarrazin, Falko Sniehotta, Benoît Allenet, Jean-Philippe Heuzé, Aurélie Gauchet, and Aïna Chalabaev. "Do compensatory health beliefs predict behavioural intention in a multiple health behaviour change context? Evidence in individuals with cardiovascular diseases?" Psychology, Health & Medicine 25, no. 5 (August 11, 2019): 593–600. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13548506.2019.1653476.
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Keikhosrokiani, Pantea. "Predicating Smartphone Users' Behaviour Towards a Location-Aware IoMT-Based Information System." International Journal of E-Adoption 13, no. 2 (July 2021): 52–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijea.2021070104.
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Heart disease is the number one killing disease in the world. It is imperative to use IoMT-based information system called iHeart that tracks patient's blood pressure, heart rate, and current location. To design such a system, users' needs must be recognized. Therefore, this research proceeds with conducting a survey among 223 smartphone users in Penang, Malaysia and Isfahan, Iran to predict behavioural intention to use of iHeart before its full implementation. The theoretical frameworks of iHeart intention to use is set up based upon behavioural change theories. The results were analysed by using SmartPLS which indicate the different acceptance rates among two nationalities. It is concluded that cultural differences and technology advancements impact on the adoption of iHeart from smartphone users' points of view. The results of this study can be useful for healthcare professionals to evade culturally related problems for future projects.
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Thomas, Tijo, and Johney Johnson. "Effect of Celebrity Credibility on Consumer Intention for Behavioural Change: A Study on Celebrity-Endorsed Social Advertising." IIMS Journal of Management Science 7, no. 2 (2016): 145. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/0976-173x.2016.00013.0.
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Duncan, Mitch J., Wendy J. Brown, Tracy L. Burrows, Clare E. Collins, Sasha Fenton, Nicholas Glozier, Gregory S. Kolt, et al. "Examining the efficacy of a multicomponent m-Health physical activity, diet and sleep intervention for weight loss in overweight and obese adults: randomised controlled trial protocol." BMJ Open 8, no. 10 (October 2018): e026179. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2018-026179.
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IntroductionTraditional behavioural weight loss trials targeting improvements in physical activity and diet are modestly effective. It has been suggested that sleep may have a role in weight loss and maintenance. Improving sleep health in combination with physical activity and dietary behaviours may be one strategy to enhance traditional behavioural weight loss trials. Yet the efficacy of a weight loss intervention concurrently targeting improvements in physical activity, dietary and sleep behaviours remains to be tested.Methods and analysisThe primary aim of this three-arm randomised controlled trial is to examine the efficacy of a multicomponent m-Health behaviour change weight loss intervention relative to a waitlist control group. The secondary aims are to compare the relative efficacy of a physical activity, dietary behaviour and sleep intervention (enhanced intervention), compared with a physical activity and dietary behaviour only intervention (traditional intervention), on the primary outcome of weight loss and secondary outcomes of waist circumference, glycated haemoglobin, physical activity, diet quality and intake, sleep health, eating behaviours, depression, anxiety and stress and quality of life. Assessments will be conducted at baseline, 6 months (primary endpoint) and 12 months (follow-up). The multicomponent m-Health intervention will be delivered using a smartphone/tablet ‘app’, supplemented with email and SMS and individualised in-person dietary counselling. Participants will receive a Fitbit, body weight scales to facilitate self-monitoring, and use the app to access educational material, set goals, self-monitor and receive feedback about behaviours. Generalised linear models using an analysis of covariance (baseline adjusted) approach will be used to identify between-group differences in primary and secondary outcomes, following an intention-to-treat principle.Ethics and disseminationThe Human Research Ethics Committee of The University of Newcastle Australia provided approval: H-2017–0039. Findings will be disseminated via publication in peer-reviewed journals, conference presentations, community presentations and student theses.Trial registration numberACTRN12617000735358; UTN1111-1219-2050.
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Razali, Salmi, Bee Wah Yap, Yung An Chua, and Hapizah M Nawawi. "Determinants for Healthy Lifestyle of Patients with Familial Hypercholesterolaemia." Environment-Behaviour Proceedings Journal 5, no. 14 (July 1, 2020): 75–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.21834/ebpj.v5i14.2335.
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Lifestyle modification is a pivotal intervention for Familial Hypercholesterolaemia (FH). This study aims to describe the lifestyles (physical activity and healthy diet) and their associations with sociodemography, illness characteristics, psychological elements, family support and level of barrier. 100 participants were given Pro forma questionnaires to assess sociodemography and illness characteristics. The lifestyles, psychological elements, family support and level of barrier were assessed using the Theory of Planned Behaviour questionnaire. The determinants of healthy lifestyles include the status of receiving treatment, level of barrier and intention for behavioural change. The findings may inform the strategy for lifestyle modification of FH patients.Keywords: Familial Hypercholesterolaemia; lifestyle; physical activity; healthy diet.eISSN: 2398-4287© 2020. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer-review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/ebpj.v5i14.2335
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Black, Amanda M., Keith Owen Yeates, Shelina Babul, Alberto Nettel-Aguirre, and Carolyn A. Emery. "Association between concussion education and concussion knowledge, beliefs and behaviours among youth ice hockey parents and coaches: a cross-sectional study." BMJ Open 10, no. 8 (August 2020): e038166. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-038166.
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ObjectivesTo examine the association between self-reported exposure to concussion education and knowledge, beliefs and self-reported behaviour among parents and coaches of youth ice hockey players.DesignCross-sectional.SettingCommunity ice hockey teams from Calgary and Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.ParticipantsParents and coaches of ice hockey players (ages 11–17, all divisions of play).Primary and secondary outcome measuresParticipants completed a questionnaire developed and validated to measure concussion knowledge, beliefs and concussion management behaviour (ie, coaches removing athletes from play; parents taking children with suspected concussions to physicians) consistent with the Health Action Process Approach (HAPA). The questionnaire examined specific HAPA constructs (ie, risk perception, outcome expectancies, action self-efficacy, intention, action planning, maintenance self-efficacy, recovery self-efficacy) relevant to concussion management behaviour.ResultsParticipants included 786 parents (31.8% with coaching experience) and 10 non-parent coaches. Of the participants, 649 (82.6%) previously received concussion education. Based on a multivariable regression analysis adjusting for coaching experience, previous history of a child sustaining one or more concussions, first aid experience and cluster by team, exposure to concussion education was associated with a mean score difference of 1.36 (95% CI 0.68 to 2.03), p<0.0001, in the knowledge score. Exposure to concussion education was not significantly associated with any of the HAPA constructs based on Wilcoxon rank-sum tests.ConclusionExposure to concussion education may be associated with small overall differences in concussion knowledge but may not be associated with significant differences in beliefs or intended behaviours related to concussion management among youth hockey parents and coaches.When providing education or recommendations for concussion education sources to coaches and parents, educational strategies grounded in behavioural change theory that specifically target the motivators of behavioural change should be considered.
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Dwivedi, Yogesh K., Anastasia Papazafeiropoulou, Willem-Paul Brinkman, and Banita Lal. "Examining the influence of service quality and secondary influence on the behavioural intention to change internet service provider." Information Systems Frontiers 12, no. 2 (March 18, 2008): 207–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10796-008-9074-7.
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Horne, Justine R., Jason A. Gilliland, Marie-Claude Vohl, and Janet Madill. "Exploring Attitudes, Subjective Norms and Perceived Behavioural Control in a Genetic-Based and a Population-Based Weight Management Intervention: A One-Year Randomized Controlled Trial." Nutrients 12, no. 12 (December 8, 2020): 3768. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12123768.
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Background: Several studies demonstrate that the provision of personalized lifestyle advice, based on genetics, can help motivate individuals to engage in greater nutrition and physical activity changes compared to the provision of population-based advice. The theoretical mechanism behind this phenomenon is poorly understood. The objective of this study was to determine the impact of providing genetically tailored and population-based lifestyle advice on key constructs of the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB). Materials and Methods: A pragmatic, cluster randomized controlled trial (n = 140) took place at the East Elgin Family Health Team, in Aylmer, Ontario, Canada. Participants were primarily Caucasian females enrolled in a weight management program (BMI ≥ 25.0 kg/m2). Weight management program groups were randomized (1:1) to receive a population-based lifestyle intervention for weight management (Group Lifestyle Balance™ (GLB)) or a lifestyle genomics (LGx)-based lifestyle intervention for weight management (GLB+LGx). Attitudes, subjective norms and perceived behavioural control were measured at baseline, immediately after receiving a report of population-based or genetic-based recommendations and after 3-, 6- and 12-month follow-ups. Linear mixed models were conducted, controlling for measures of actual behavioural control. All analyses were intention-to-treat by originally assigned groups. Results: Significant changes (p < 0.05) in attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioural control tended to be short-term in the GLB group and long-term for the GLB+LGx group. Short-term and long-term between-group differences in measures of subjective norms were discovered, favouring the GLB+LGx group. Conclusions: The TPB can help provide a theoretical explanation for studies demonstrating enhanced behaviour change with genetic-based lifestyle interventions. Clinical Trial Registration: NCT03015012.
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Lee, Joseph G. L., Tiffany M. Blanchflower, Kevin F. O'Brien, Paige E. Averett, Leslie E. Cofie, and Kyle R. Gregory. "Evolving IQOS packaging designs change perceptions of product appeal, uniqueness, quality and safety: a randomised experiment, 2018, USA." Tobacco Control 28, e1 (June 4, 2019): e52-e55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2018-054910.
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BackgroundGlobally, the tobacco industry is promoting heated tobacco products. These products may represent a strategy to promote dual use of tobacco products. One product, IQOS from Philip Morris International, is being proposed in the USA for marketing as a less harmful product. The visual design of tobacco products can influence consumers by implying product characteristics. Thus, we sought to test the impact of IQOS packaging designs on cognitive, affective and behavioural intention responses.MethodsFrom existing IQOS packages used globally, we developed three IQOS packages that decreasingly linked the product to the Marlboro brand. In September to October 2018, we assigned participants randomly to one package in an online experiment. All participants (n=954) were US adults reporting current smoking and no colour blindness. The experiment used quota sampling to ensure diversity by gender, sexual orientation, race, ethnicity and education. Measures were informed by the Context of Consumption Framework. To assess differences in ratings, we conducted non-parametric Kruskal–Wallis tests with post hoc comparisons using Dunn’s test.ResultsWe found significant differences in cognitive indicators including appeal (H=6.87, p=0.03), uniqueness (H=15.68, p<0.01), brand equity–quality (H=122.35, p<0.01) and perceived safety compared with other tobacco products (H=14.27, p<0.01). Participants rated packages similarly on affective and behavioural intention measures. All were rated low for talking to others about the product and high for interest in trying with a coupon.ConclusionLinking or separating IQOS products with a well-established cigarette brand changes how adult smokers respond to the product. Regulators should consider the visual design of packaging.
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Suntornsut, Pornpan, Prapit Teparrukkul, Gumphol Wongsuvan, Wipada Chaowagul, Susan Michie, Nicholas P. J. Day, and Direk Limmathurotsakul. "Effectiveness of a multifaceted prevention programme for melioidosis in diabetics (PREMEL): A stepped-wedge cluster-randomised controlled trial." PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases 15, no. 6 (June 25, 2021): e0009060. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0009060.
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Background Melioidosis, an often-fatal infectious disease caused by the environmental Gram-negative bacillus Burkholderia pseudomallei, is endemic in tropical countries. Diabetes mellitus and environmental exposure are important risk factors for melioidosis acquisition. We aim to evaluate the effectiveness of a multifaceted prevention programme for melioidosis in diabetics in northeast Thailand. Methodology/Principal findings From April 2014 to December 2018, we conducted a stepped-wedge cluster-randomized controlled behaviour change trial in 116 primary care units (PCUs) in Ubon Ratchathani province, northeast Thailand. The intervention was a behavioural support group session to help diabetic patients adopt recommended behaviours, including wearing rubber boots and drinking boiled water. We randomly allocated the PCUs to receive the intervention starting in March 2016, 2017 and 2018. All diabetic patients were contacted by phone yearly, and the final follow-up was December 2018. Two primary outcomes were hospital admissions involving infectious diseases and culture-confirmed melioidosis. Of 9,056 diabetics enrolled, 6,544 (72%) received a behavioural support group session. During 38,457 person-years of follow-up, we observed 2,195 (24%) patients having 3,335 hospital admissions involved infectious diseases, 80 (0.8%) melioidosis, and 485 (5%) deaths. In the intention-to-treat analysis, implementation of the intervention was not associated with primary outcomes. In the per-protocol analysis, patients who received a behavioural support group session had lower incidence rates of hospital admissions involving infectious diseases (incidence rate ratio [IRR] 0.89; 95%CI 0.80–0.99, p = 0.03) and of all-cause mortality (IRR 0.54; 95%CI 0.43–0.68, p<0.001). However, the incidence rate of culture-confirmed melioidosis was not significantly lower (IRR 0.96, 95%CI 0.46–1.99, p = 0.66). Conclusions/Significance Clear benefits of this multifaceted prevention programme for melioidosis were not observed. More compelling invitations for the intervention, modification of or addition to the behaviour change techniques used, and more frequent intervention may be needed. Trial registration This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT02089152.
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Masson, Golnessa, Katie Mills, Simon J. Griffin, Stephen J. Sharp, William MP Klein, Stephen Sutton, and Juliet A. Usher-Smith. "A randomised controlled trial of the effect of providing online risk information and lifestyle advice for the most common preventable cancers." British Journal of General Practice 69, suppl 1 (June 2019): bjgp19X702893. http://dx.doi.org/10.3399/bjgp19x702893.
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BackgroundPrevention offers an effective public health strategy for cancer control. One approach that could be incorporated within general practice is the provision of personalised risk information. Few trial data are available concerning the impact of cancer risk information on behaviour.AimTo assess the short-term effects on computed cancer risk and self-reported health-related behaviours of providing personalised cancer risk information.MethodA total of 1018 participants, recruited through the online platform Prolific, were randomised to either a control group receiving cancer-specific lifestyle advice alone or one of three intervention groups receiving the same lifestyle advice alongside their estimated 10-year risk of developing one of the five most common preventable cancers. Cancer risk was calculated from self-reported behavioural risk factors and presented in one of three formats: bar-chart, pictograph, or qualitative scale. The primary outcome was change from baseline in computed risk relative to an individual with a recommended lifestyle (RRI) at 3 months. Secondary outcomes included: self-reported health-related behaviours, accuracy of risk perception, risk conviction, anxiety, worry, intention to change behaviour, self-efficacy, and response-efficacy.ResultsAt immediate follow-up, accuracy of risk perception (P<0.001), risk conviction (P <0.001), and response-efficacy (P = 0.04) increased in all intervention groups. After 3 months there were no between-group differences in change in RRI (P = 0.68) or any of the secondary outcomes.ConclusionThis study has shown that a risk communication intervention can increase short-term risk accuracy and response efficacy and for the first time that risk conviction can be manipulated through risk communication. However, these effects were not sustained over time or associated with behaviour change.
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Razali, Salmi, Bee Wah Yap, Yung An Chua, and Hapizah M Nawawi. "Physical Activity and Healthy Diet in Patients with Familial Hypercholesterolaemia." Journal of ASIAN Behavioural Studies 5, no. 17 (August 31, 2020): 27–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.21834/jabs.v5i17.374.
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Performing vigorous physical activity and taking balanced diet are parts of healthy lifestyles of patients with Familial Hypercholesterolaemia (FH). This study aimed to describe the status of engagement with physical activity and a healthy diet, and their contributing factors. FH patients diagnosed using Dutch Lipid Clinic Network criteria were given validated questionnaires to assess sociodemography, illness characteristics, the status of engagement with physical activity and healthy diet, psychological elements, family support and level of barrier. Significant contributing factors were receiving treatment, level of barrier and intention for behavioural change. The findings may inform the strategy for lifestyle modification of patients with FH. Keywords: Familial Hypercholesterolaemia; lifestyle; physical activity; healthy diet. eISSN: 2514-7528 © 2020 The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by- nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment- Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/jabs.v5i17.374
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Heeren, Alexander John, Ajay S. Singh, Adam Zwickle, Tomas M. Koontz, Kristina M. Slagle, and Anna C. McCreery. "Is sustainability knowledge half the battle?" International Journal of Sustainability in Higher Education 17, no. 5 (September 5, 2016): 613–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijshe-02-2015-0014.
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Purpose The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship of sustainability knowledge to pro-environmental behaviour. A common misperception is that unsustainable behaviours are largely driven by a lack of knowledge of the underlying societal costs and the contributing factors leading to environmental degradation. Such a perception assumes if individuals “only knew better” they would engage in more sustainable behaviours. The “knowledge deficit model” has been critiqued for not including social psychological research about how knowledge is incorporated into decision-making and its subsequent effect on human behaviour. The theory of planned behaviour (TPB) model has been used extensively to examine intention to engage in a variety of behaviours, therefore this model is applied to examine the effect knowledge has in predicting behaviour. Design/methodology/approach To better understand these relationships, the authors examined the relationships between sustainability behaviours through an online survey of over 500 students at a large university in the USA. Findings Results indicate that knowledge had a significant, albeit weak, bivariate correlation with behaviour (r = 0.113, p < 0.001). However, when controlling for TPB variables (attitudes, norms and perceived behavioural control), knowledge was not a significant predictor of behaviour. Research limitations/implications The authors conclude with several implications to guide university sustainability programmes. Originality/value This study places sustainable knowledge in the context of other social psychological factors which also influence behaviour. The results show that as the students are educated about sustainability, fostering behaviour change will require education not only about how actions affect sustainability but also about social norms, attitudes towards sustainable behaviours and the level of self-efficacy in doing those behaviours.
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van der Leeden, Adelinde J. M., Brigit M. van Widenfelt, Rien van der Leeden, Juliette M. Liber, Elisabeth M. W. J. Utens, and Philip D. A. Treffers. "Stepped Care Cognitive Behavioural Therapy for Children with Anxiety Disorders: A New Treatment Approach." Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy 39, no. 1 (October 8, 2010): 55–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1352465810000500.
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Background: The current nonrandomized clinical trial explored changes over time in children with an anxiety disorder during stepped care, manual-based cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT). Methods: Clinically anxious children (8–12 years, n = 133) and their parents participated in child focused CBT (10 sessions). If assessments indicated additional treatment was necessary, participants could step up to a second and possibly third treatment phase (each 5 sessions) including more parental involvement. Results: After the first treatment phase 45% of the Intention-To-Treat sample was free of any anxiety disorder; after the second and third phase an additional 17% and 11% respectively. In total, 74% of the children no longer met criteria for any anxiety disorder following treatment. Child and parent reported anxiety and depression symptoms of children improved significantly during all treatment phases, as well as child reported anxiety sensitivity and negative affect. Children participating in more treatment showed significant improvements during additional treatment phases, indicating that late change occurred for the subgroup that had not changed during the first phase. Conclusions: Stepped care offers a standardized, assessment based, yet tailored treatment approach for children with anxiety disorders. A more intensive treatment is offered when initial CBT is insufficient, providing children additional opportunities to reach the desired outcome.
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Forward, Sonja E. "Views on Public Transport and How Personal Experiences Can Contribute to a More Positive Attitude and Behavioural Change." Social Sciences 8, no. 2 (February 5, 2019): 47. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/socsci8020047.
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To reduce car usage, several strategies are needed, one of which focuses on social psychological factors. The aim of this study was to predict and explain bus usage using the theory of planned behaviour and the transtheoretical model of change in a sample of 983 residents. The study also evaluated the effect of providing a group of regular car users (n = 34) with a free travel pass, to be used on busses and trains in the region. A regression analysis showed that the theory of planned behaviour (TPB) explained 26% of the variance in intention to use the bus, increasing to 59% when past behaviour was added. The use of the free travel pass resulted in a more positive attitude towards bus usage, with a large number having either changed or having started to change their behaviour. When the same people were contacted three months later, 50% still used public transport. The conclusion is that negative attitudes and travel habits can be altered by experience. Although, a reduction of car use can only be achieved if several measures are implemented that make car driving less attractive and sustainable modes of transport more attractive.
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Thapaliya, Radhika, and Samir Kumar Adhikari. "Effectiveness of Sexual Harassment Risk Reduction Education based on Health Belief Model: A Quasi Experimental Study." Journal of Karnali Academy of Health Sciences 3, no. 2 (August 29, 2020): 80–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jkahs.v3i2.30781.
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Background: Sexual harassment is a public health problem which has serious effects to girls’ psychosomatic health. Due to social stigma and lack of skills, even the girls can’t refuse sexual harassment. This study was done to evaluate the effectiveness of sexual harassment risk reduction education based on Health Belief Model.
Methods: A quasi experimental study was conducted in secondary level public schools of Tokha Municipality, Kathmandu. The study was done from 5th February 2016 to 5th May 2016. The sample size was 117 for each group which was calculated with input of 95% CI, power of test=80%, assuming 38 % change based on baseline study and 10% nonresponse rate. The ratio of participants in intervention and control group was 1:1 and the total numbers of participants were 128 in pretest and 121 in posttest at the intervention group and 131 in pretest and 122 in posttest in the control group. Data was collected by using self-administered questionnaire for knowledge and likert’s scale was used for attitude and behavioural intention. Lecture, group discussion, role play and brainstorming were methods used for intervention. After two weeks of intervention, a post-test was done.
Results: Testing of hypothesis revealed that the knowledge about sexual harassment, anti-sexual harassment attitude and behavioural intention of using refusal skills in sexual harassment in the intervention group were significantly higher than that of control groups i.e. p<0.001, p<0.001 and p<0.05 respectively.
Conclusion: Sexual harassment risk reduction education intervention based on health belief model is effective to increase the knowledge, attitude and behavioural intention of participants. The findings of the study encourage further exploring creative approaches to programming in other violence prevention areas.
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Gandhe, Rutwik J., and Satish C. Pandey. "Energy Conservation Behaviour of Individuals: A New Age Imperative for Sustainable Development." GIS Business 1, no. 6 (November 29, 2006): 28–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.26643/gis.v1i6.5145.
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Role of human behaviour in mitigating climate change, controlling Green House Gas (GHG) emissions, reducing carbon footprint leading to sustainable development, is at the centre of all policy discussions across the globe, thereby tailoring human behaviour is considered imperative by contemporary scholarship. This study attempts to understand the psycho-social interaction of individuals that promote such a human action. Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) framework has been used to predict human behaviour assuming human behaviour for energy conservation is one of the pro-social low-cost behaviour. Value orientation of individuals, energy conservation beliefs, subjective norms, perceived behaviour control, and energy conservation attitude have been measured to gauge the behavioural intention, along with capturing the socio-economic realities pertaining to households and individuals therein. Awareness towards energy conservation efforts and social interaction are found to be key behaviour influencers, whereas energy conservation intent is found to be gender neutral. Study implies the underlying necessity to explore mediating and moderating models in order to decipher complex inter-play among key variables for predicting energy conservation behaviour intent.
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Vankov, Daniel, Ronald Schroeter, and Divera Twisk. "Can’t simply roll it out: Evaluating a real-world virtual reality intervention to reduce driving under the influence." PLOS ONE 16, no. 4 (April 29, 2021): e0250273. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0250273.
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Driving under the influence (DUI) increases the risk of crashes. Emerging technologies, such as virtual reality (VR), represent potentially powerful and attractive tools for the prevention of risky behaviours, such as DUI. Therefore, they are embraced in prevention efforts with VR interventions primed to grow in popularity in near future. However, little is known about the actual effectiveness of such DUI-targeting VR interventions. To help fill the knowledge gap, this study explored the effects of one VR intervention as delivered in the real world. Using pre and post test design, including an intervention group (n = 98) and a control group (n = 39), the intervention evaluation examined young drivers’ (aged 18 to 25, no known history of DUI) intention and self-reported behaviour three months after the intervention as compared to the baseline. The results did not provide evidence for statistically significant effects of the VR intervention on self-reported DUI behaviour during the three months post intervention and DUI intention at three months post intervention. Such results might be due to the fact that the recruited participants generally self-reported little DUI behaviour, i.e. positively changing behaviour that is already positive is inherently challenging. Nevertheless, the results question the utility of funding the roll-out of arguably attractive technologies without a thorough understanding of their effectiveness in particular settings. To improve the potential for future positive outcomes of such interventions, we provide suggestions on how VR software might be further developed and, subsequently, leveraged in future research to improve the likelihood for behavioural change, e.g. by collecting, analysing and presenting objective driving performance data. Alternatively, future endeavours might focus on participants with known DUI history and examine the effects of the VR intervention for this particular higher-risk group.
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Marks, Leah, and Jane Ogden. "Evaluation of an online “teachable moment” dietary intervention." Health Education 117, no. 1 (January 3, 2017): 39–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/he-02-2016-0007.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to evaluate an online “teachable moment” intervention to promote healthy eating for overweight and food intolerance symptoms. Design/methodology/approach The study involves a 2×2 factorial design with two conditions: group (weight loss vs food intolerance) and condition (intervention vs control). The intervention aimed to generate a “teachable moment” by providing knowledge regarding the relationship between food and the problem (overweight or food intolerance), focussing on the negative aspects of the problem, creating a behavioural model, and encouraging hope and reinvention. Participants receiving the intervention (n=22) completed measures of dietary behaviour and either weight or food intolerance symptoms before receiving the intervention and again one month later. Control participants (n=20) provided measures but did not receive the intervention. Findings There were no significant reductions in weight or food intolerance symptoms. However, compared to control participants, participants in the intervention conditions reported greater intentions to eat healthily (p=0.01) and improved healthy eating behaviour over time, following both an intention-to-treat (p=0.046) and explanatory analysis (p=0.042). Practical implications Encouraging individuals to perceive their everyday situation as a time for change and adopt healthier behaviour early on, may prevent future diet-related medical events. This has benefits for both the individual and for health care costs. Originality/value A quick and easy-to-administer online “teachable moment” intervention improves dietary behaviour and can be minimally adapted to suit individuals with differing health needs.
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Ma, Jun, Peg Strub, Nan Lv, Lan Xiao, Carlos A. Camargo, A. Sonia Buist, Philip W. Lavori, Sandra R. Wilson, Kari C. Nadeau, and Lisa G. Rosas. "Pilot randomised trial of a healthy eating behavioural intervention in uncontrolled asthma." European Respiratory Journal 47, no. 1 (October 22, 2015): 122–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/13993003.00591-2015.
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Rigorous research on the benefit of healthy eating patterns for asthma control is lacking.We randomised 90 adults with objectively confirmed uncontrolled asthma and a low-quality diet (Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) scores <6 out of 9) to a 6-month DASH behavioural intervention (n=46) or usual-care control (n=44). Intention-to-treat analyses used repeated-measures mixed models.Participants were middle-aged, 67% female and multiethnic. Compared with controls, intervention participants improved on DASH scores (mean change (95% CI) 0.6 (0, 1.1) versus −0.3 (−0.8, 0.2); difference 0.8 (0.2, 1.5)) and the primary outcome, Asthma Control Questionnaire scores (−0.2 (−0.5, 0) versus 0 (−0.3, 0.3); difference −0.2 (−0.5, 0.1)) at 6 months. The mean group differences in changes in Mini Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire overall and subdomain scores consistently favoured the intervention over the control group: overall 0.4 (95% CI 0, 0.8), symptoms 0.5 (0, 0.9), environment 0.4 (−0.1, 1.0), emotions 0.4 (−0.2, 0.9) and activities 0.3 (0, 0.7). These differences were modest, but potentially clinical significant.The DASH behavioural intervention improved diet quality with promising clinical benefits for better asthma control and functional status among adults with uncontrolled asthma. A full-scale efficacy trial is warranted.
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Péron, Franck, Lauriane Rat-Fischer, Laurent Nagle, and Dalila Bovet. "‘Unwilling’ versus ‘unable’." Interaction Studies 11, no. 3 (November 17, 2010): 428–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/is.11.3.06per.
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Intentionality plays a fundamental part in human social interactions and we know that interpretation of behaviours of conspecifics depends on the intentions underlying them. Most of the studies on intention attribution were undertaken with primates. However, very little is known on this topic in animals more distantly related to humans such as birds. Three hand-reared African grey parrots (Psittacus erithacus) were tested on their ability to understand human intentional actions. The subjects’ attention was not equally distributed across the conditions and their behavioural pattern also changed depending on the condition: the parrots showed more requesting behaviours (opening of the beak and request calls) when the experimenter was unwilling to give them seeds, and bit the wire mesh more that represented the obstacle when the experimenter was trying to give them food. For the first time we showed that a bird species, like primates, may be sensitive to behavioural cues of a human according to his intentions. Keywords: Grey parrots; intention attribution; theory of mind