Academic literature on the topic 'Behavioural brain research'

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Journal articles on the topic "Behavioural brain research"

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Schenk, Françoise. "Behavioural brain research in natural and semi-natural settings." Trends in Ecology & Evolution 10, no. 5 (May 1995): 184–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0169-5347(00)89048-5.

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Chakraborty, Mukta, and Erich D. Jarvis. "Brain evolution by brain pathway duplication." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 370, no. 1684 (December 19, 2015): 20150056. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2015.0056.

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Understanding the mechanisms of evolution of brain pathways for complex behaviours is still in its infancy. Making further advances requires a deeper understanding of brain homologies, novelties and analogies. It also requires an understanding of how adaptive genetic modifications lead to restructuring of the brain. Recent advances in genomic and molecular biology techniques applied to brain research have provided exciting insights into how complex behaviours are shaped by selection of novel brain pathways and functions of the nervous system. Here, we review and further develop some insights to a new hypothesis on one mechanism that may contribute to nervous system evolution, in particular by brain pathway duplication. Like gene duplication, we propose that whole brain pathways can duplicate and the duplicated pathway diverge to take on new functions. We suggest that one mechanism of brain pathway duplication could be through gene duplication, although other mechanisms are possible. We focus on brain pathways for vocal learning and spoken language in song-learning birds and humans as example systems. This view presents a new framework for future research in our understanding of brain evolution and novel behavioural traits.
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Tommasi, Luca. "Mechanisms and functions of brain and behavioural asymmetries." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 364, no. 1519 (December 4, 2008): 855–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2008.0293.

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For almost a century the field of brain and behavioural asymmetries has been dominated by studies on humans, resting on the evidence that the anatomical structures underlying language functions are asymmetrical, and that human handedness is lateralized at the population level. Today, there is not only evidence of population-level lateralization of brain and behaviour across a variety of vertebrate and invertebrate species, but also a growing consensus that the comparative analysis of the environmental and developmental factors that give origin to neural and behavioural laterality in animal models, together with theoretical analyses of their costs and benefits, will be crucial for understanding the evolutionary pathways that led to such a multifaceted phenomenon. The present theme issue provides a survey of theoretical, review and research work cutting across the biological and the cognitive sciences, focusing on various species of fishes, birds and primates (including humans) and emphasizing an integrative approach to the study of lateralization encompassing neural, behavioural, cognitive, developmental and environmental aspects.
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T. Woods, Damith, Cathy Catroppa, Celia Godfrey, Rebecca Giallo, Jan Matthews, and Vicki A. Anderson. "Challenging behaviours following paediatric acquired brain injury (ABI): the clinical utility for a manualised behavioural intervention programme." Social Care and Neurodisability 5, no. 3 (August 5, 2014): 145–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/scn-03-2013-0006.

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Purpose – Children with acquired brain injury (ABI) are at significant risk of serious behavioural and social difficulties. The burgeoning growth of research documenting behavioural sequelae after paediatric ABI has not been met with a concomitant level of research aimed at treating the problem. The purpose of this paper is to investigate whether a manualised behavioural intervention support programme could reduce challenging behaviours in children with ABI and improve family-parental well-being and functioning. Design/methodology/approach – A total of 61 parents (48 mothers and 13 fathers) of 48 children aged between three and 12 years with mild, moderate, or severe ABI received an ABI adapted “Signposts for Building Better Behaviour” programme (Hudson et al., 2001) in group-support (GS) or telephone-support (TS) format. Trained “Signposts” practitioners delivered the programme over a five-month period. The programme consisted of nine information booklets, a DVD, and workbook. All families completed pre-intervention and post-intervention evaluations. Findings – On an average parents completed 7.92 out of a possible nine intervention sessions (range 7-9). Parents in both TS and GS formats reported significant reductions in challenging child behaviours irrespective of injury severity. They also reported significant reductions in dysfunctional parenting practices, stress and family burden. Originality/value – Overall, the current research provides support for Signposts to be used with families of children with ABI in an attempt to ameliorate negative outcomes for family, parent, and child.
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Abashkin, Dmitrii A., Artemii O. Kurishev, Dmitry S. Karpov, and Vera E. Golimbet. "Cellular Models in Schizophrenia Research." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 16 (August 7, 2021): 8518. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22168518.

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Schizophrenia (SZ) is a prevalent functional psychosis characterized by clinical behavioural symptoms and underlying abnormalities in brain function. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of schizophrenia have revealed many loci that do not directly identify processes disturbed in the disease. For this reason, the development of cellular models containing SZ-associated variations has become a focus in the post-GWAS research era. The application of revolutionary clustered regularly interspaced palindromic repeats CRISPR/Cas9 gene-editing tools, along with recently developed technologies for cultivating brain organoids in vitro, have opened new perspectives for the construction of these models. In general, cellular models are intended to unravel particular biological phenomena. They can provide the missing link between schizophrenia-related phenotypic features (such as transcriptional dysregulation, oxidative stress and synaptic dysregulation) and data from pathomorphological, electrophysiological and behavioural studies. The objectives of this review are the systematization and classification of cellular models of schizophrenia, based on their complexity and validity for understanding schizophrenia-related phenotypes.
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Tunç, Birkan, Berkan Solmaz, Drew Parker, Theodore D. Satterthwaite, Mark A. Elliott, Monica E. Calkins, Kosha Ruparel, Raquel E. Gur, Ruben C. Gur, and Ragini Verma. "Establishing a link between sex-related differences in the structural connectome and behaviour." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 371, no. 1688 (February 19, 2016): 20150111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2015.0111.

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Recent years have witnessed an increased attention to studies of sex differences, partly because such differences offer important considerations for personalized medicine. While the presence of sex differences in human behaviour is well documented, our knowledge of their anatomical foundations in the brain is still relatively limited. As a natural gateway to fathom the human mind and behaviour, studies concentrating on the human brain network constitute an important segment of the research effort to investigate sex differences. Using a large sample of healthy young individuals, each assessed with diffusion MRI and a computerized neurocognitive battery, we conducted a comprehensive set of experiments examining sex-related differences in the meso-scale structures of the human connectome and elucidated how these differences may relate to sex differences at the level of behaviour. Our results suggest that behavioural sex differences, which indicate complementarity of males and females, are accompanied by related differences in brain structure across development. When using subnetworks that are defined over functional and behavioural domains, we observed increased structural connectivity related to the motor, sensory and executive function subnetworks in males. In females, subnetworks associated with social motivation, attention and memory tasks had higher connectivity. Males showed higher modularity compared to females, with females having higher inter-modular connectivity. Applying multivariate analysis, we showed an increasing separation between males and females in the course of development, not only in behavioural patterns but also in brain structure. We also showed that these behavioural and structural patterns correlate with each other, establishing a reliable link between brain and behaviour.
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Whitehead, Charles. "Why the behavioural sciences need the concept of the culture-ready brain." Anthropological Theory 12, no. 1 (February 28, 2012): 43–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1463499612436464.

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From the conceptual gulf dividing social from biological anthropology this paper infers an ideological problem affecting science as a whole. Cultural biases have tended to inhibit or subvert appropriate theorizing and research into unique aspects of the human mind, brain and behaviour. To resolve this problem I suggest that we need a systematic anthropological critique of ‘collective deceptions’ affecting western science, and greater anthropological collaboration with neuroscience and other disciplines. I discuss recent imaging studies which may contribute to a better understanding of the culture-ready brain. Taken in conjunction with fossil and archaeological data, the findings seem more consistent with a ‘play and display’ hypothesis of hominid brain expansion than with current cognocentric hypotheses, suggesting new directions for research. Such research, I argue, could assist integration between behavioural disciplines.
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Ducharme, Simon, Annemiek Dols, Robert Laforce, Emma Devenney, Fiona Kumfor, Jan van den Stock, Caroline Dallaire-Théroux, et al. "Recommendations to distinguish behavioural variant frontotemporal dementia from psychiatric disorders." Brain 143, no. 6 (March 4, 2020): 1632–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/brain/awaa018.

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Abstract The behavioural variant of frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD) is a frequent cause of early-onset dementia. The diagnosis of bvFTD remains challenging because of the limited accuracy of neuroimaging in the early disease stages and the absence of molecular biomarkers, and therefore relies predominantly on clinical assessment. BvFTD shows significant symptomatic overlap with non-degenerative primary psychiatric disorders including major depressive disorder, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, obsessive-compulsive disorder, autism spectrum disorders and even personality disorders. To date, ∼50% of patients with bvFTD receive a prior psychiatric diagnosis, and average diagnostic delay is up to 5–6 years from symptom onset. It is also not uncommon for patients with primary psychiatric disorders to be wrongly diagnosed with bvFTD. The Neuropsychiatric International Consortium for Frontotemporal Dementia was recently established to determine the current best clinical practice and set up an international collaboration to share a common dataset for future research. The goal of the present paper was to review the existing literature on the diagnosis of bvFTD and its differential diagnosis with primary psychiatric disorders to provide consensus recommendations on the clinical assessment. A systematic literature search with a narrative review was performed to determine all bvFTD-related diagnostic evidence for the following topics: bvFTD history taking, psychiatric assessment, clinical scales, physical and neurological examination, bedside cognitive tests, neuropsychological assessment, social cognition, structural neuroimaging, functional neuroimaging, CSF and genetic testing. For each topic, responsible team members proposed a set of minimal requirements, optimal clinical recommendations, and tools requiring further research or those that should be developed. Recommendations were listed if they reached a ≥ 85% expert consensus based on an online survey among all consortium participants. New recommendations include performing at least one formal social cognition test in the standard neuropsychological battery for bvFTD. We emphasize the importance of 3D-T1 brain MRI with a standardized review protocol including validated visual atrophy rating scales, and to consider volumetric analyses if available. We clarify the role of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose PET for the exclusion of bvFTD when normal, whereas non-specific regional metabolism abnormalities should not be over-interpreted in the case of a psychiatric differential diagnosis. We highlight the potential role of serum or CSF neurofilament light chain to differentiate bvFTD from primary psychiatric disorders. Finally, based on the increasing literature and clinical experience, the consortium determined that screening for C9orf72 mutation should be performed in all possible/probable bvFTD cases or suspected cases with strong psychiatric features.
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Mention, Anne-Laure, João José Pinto Ferreira, and Marko Torkkeli. "Towards the science of managing for innovation: conclusion & future research directions." Journal of Innovation Management 7, no. 4 (January 8, 2020): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.24840/2183-0606_007.004_0001.

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We initiated this series with a view to catalyse and extend the focus on conceptualisation and application of behavioural science methods for managing innovation, albeit from a whole human perspective. We started with the notion that how to increase individual (human) creativity, collaboration productivity and innovativeness in innovation projects is a common concern for most firms. After discussions on the brain-mind-behaviour triad in the beginning, the interim editorial highlighted behavioural experiments as one plausible method to further the science of managing for innovation. In this final piece on the series, we conclude with a caveat on using experimental methods in examining the human side of innovation (Salampasis and Mention 2017) and discuss avenues for future research in innovation management, which increasingly reflects a collaborative affair (Bogers et al., 2017; Heil and Bornemann 2018). (...)
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Armstrong, J. Douglas, and Jano I. van Hemert. "Towards a virtual fly brain." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 367, no. 1896 (June 13, 2009): 2387–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2008.0308.

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Models of the brain that simulate sensory input, behavioural output and information processing in a biologically plausible manner pose significant challenges to both computer science and biology. Here we investigated strategies that could be used to create a model of the insect brain, specifically that of Drosophila melanogaster that is very widely used in laboratory research. The scale of the problem is an order of magnitude above the most complex of the current simulation projects, and it is further constrained by the relative sparsity of available electrophysiological recordings from the fly nervous system. However, fly brain research at the anatomical and behavioural levels offers some interesting opportunities that could be exploited to create a functional simulation. We propose to exploit these strengths of Drosophila central nervous system research to focus on a functional model that maps biologically plausible network architecture onto phenotypic data from neuronal inhibition and stimulation studies, leaving aside biophysical modelling of individual neuronal activity for future models until more data are available.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Behavioural brain research"

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Purves, David G. "The role of the striatum in aspects of cognitive activity." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.259916.

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Hölscher, Christian. "Behavioural and pharmacological studies of memory formation in the domestic chick, Gallus domesticus." Thesis, Open University, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.385848.

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Spanswick, Simon, and University of Lethbridge Faculty of Arts and Science. "A behavioural analysis of visual pattern separation ability by rats : effects of damage to the hippocampus." Thesis, Lethbridge, Alta. : University of Lethbridge, Faculty of Arts and Science, 2005, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10133/236.

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Different events usually contain similar elements that can contribute to interference during memory encoding and retrieval. The hippocampus (HPC), a structure that is critically involved in some forms of memory, has been hypothesized to reduce interference between memories with overlapping content, thus facilitating correct recall. Pattern separation is one hypothetical process whereby input ambiguity is reduced. Here we test the hypothesis that the HPC and/or dentate gyrus (DG) are important for pattern separation by measuring performance by rats with damage in tasks that require discrimination between visual stimuli that share systematically varying numbers of common elements. Rats with HPC damage were slower to resolve discriminations with minimal degrees of overlap. Lesions of the DG did not affect the ability of rats to deal with overlap, suggesting a dissociation between the HPC and DG. Our results provide partial support for the idea that the HPC contributes to the pattern separation process.
ix, 84 leaves : ill. ; 29 cm.
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Young, Katherine S. "Adults' responses to infant vocalisations : a neurobehavioural investigation." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2013. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:6f91f1ae-0948-4b34-b45f-ee65ae421934.

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Infant vocalisations are uniquely salient sounds in the environment. They universally attract attention and compel the listener to respond with speed and care. They provide a wealth of information to parents about their infant’s needs and affective state. There is a scientific consensus that early parenting has a profound impact on child development. In particular, the sensitivity with which parents respond to their infant’s communicative cues has been shown to affect cognitive and socio-emotional outcomes. The mechanisms underlying such sensitivity are not well understood. In this thesis, adults’ sensitivity to infant cues will be considered in terms of two components, the ‘promptness’ and ‘appropriateness’ of responses, as originally conceptualised by Bell and Ainsworth (1972). Promptness of responses is considered in terms of adults’ ability to move with speed and effort after listening to infant vocalisations. Appropriateness, on the other hand, is considered in terms of adults’ ability to differentiate between functionally significant parameters in infant vocalisations. The effect of modifiable environmental factors on the promptness and appropriateness of responses is also investigated. Finally, a focused investigation of the brain basis of responses to infant vocalisations is presented. Overall, findings demonstrated that infant vocalisations undergo privileged, specialised processing in the adult brain. After hearing an infant cry, adults with and without depression were found to move with greater coordination and effort. Adults were also found to be attuned to subtle parameters in infant cries. This sensitivity was shown to be affected by two participant-level factors, depression and previous musical training. Furthermore, this sensitivity could be enhanced through intervention, as evidenced by findings from short-term, perceptual discrimination training. The notion of privileged processing of infant vocalisations is further supported by evidence of early discrimination of infant sounds in a survival-related subcortical brain structure. Future directions for this work include directly relating current experimental measures of adults’ responses to infant cues with parental sensitivity to infant communication during dynamic interactions. Translating current findings into applied settings would require an investigation of the effects of factors such as musical and perceptual training on sensitivity to infant cues in at-risk populations, such as mothers and fathers with depression. Lastly, an increased understanding of the brain basis of adults’ sensitivity to infant cues will provide insight into our greatest challenge: parenting our young.
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Rifshana, Fathimath. "Outcome evaluation of the Massey University Concussion Clinic: a pilot study : a thesis presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Psychology at Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand." Massey University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10179/1165.

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The primary aim of the present study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the intervention provided by Massey University Concussion Clinic for individuals following Mild Traumatic Brain Injury (MTBI). Concussion Clinics were set up across New Zealand to provide early intervention and assessment for individuals with MTBI to prevent long term complaints. Treatment outcomes at these clinics have not been empirically examined before. The current study compared the levels of post concussion symptoms, anxiety, depression, and psychosocial functioning between an intervention and a control group using a quasi-experimental design. In addition, reasons for nonattendance to the clinic, and participants’ perceptions of their recovery were also explored. The main outcome measures used were the Rivermead Postconcussion Symptoms Questionnaire, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, and the Sydney Psychosocial Reintegration Scale-2. Outcomes were initially assessed soon after injury or referral to the clinic and then three months later. Participants were recruited from the Palmerston North Hospital Emergency Department and the Massey University Concussion Clinic. With 20 participants in the intervention group and 15 in the control group, the main results showed that the Concussion Clinic intervention significantly decreased the level of anxiety and depression reported by participants in the intervention group over the control group. Greater improvements in post concussion symptoms and psychosocial functioning were also indicated in the intervention group. Additional findings suggest difficulty with transportation as a reason for nonattendance, which could be a potential barrier to recovery. Furthermore, participants highlighted the benefits of attending the service and its role in their recovery. Important issues relating to the referral processes were also identified. Findings of the current study suggest that the Concussion Clinic intervention is effective in improving recovery for those accessing the service. Nevertheless, these results must be interpreted with caution due to the small sample size. Further research is warranted to examine the effectiveness of the Concussion Clinics with larger samples, and the current study may serve as a valuable pilot for these future investigations.
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McGregor, Alison. "The contribution of the amygdaloid complex to the socio-sexual behaviour of the male rat." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.385709.

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Tziortzi, Andri. "Quantitative dopamine imaging in humans using magnetic resonance and positron emission tomography." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2014. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:26b8b4c2-0237-4c40-8c84-9ae818a0dabf.

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Dopamine is an important neurotransmitter that is involved in several human functions such as reward, cognition, emotions and movement. Abnormalities of the neurotransmitter itself, or the dopamine receptors through which it exerts its actions, contribute to a wide range of psychiatric and neurological disorders such as Parkinson’s disease and schizophrenia. Thus far, despite the great interest and extensive research, the exact role of dopamine and the causalities of dopamine related disorders are not fully understood. Here we have developed multimodal imaging methods, to investigate the release of dopamine and the distribution of the dopamine D2-like receptor family in-vivo in healthy humans. We use the [11C]PHNO PET ligand, which enables exploration of dopamine-related parameters in striatal regions, and for the first time in extrastriatal regions, that are known to be associated with distinctive functions and disorders. Our methods involve robust approaches for the manual and automated delineation of these brain regions, in terms of structural and functional organisation, using information from structural and diffusion MRI images. These data have been combined with [11C]PHNO PET data for quantitative dopamine imaging. Our investigation has revealed the distribution and the relative density of the D3R and D2R sites of the dopamine D2-like receptor family, in healthy humans. In addition, we have demonstrated that the release of dopamine has a functional rather than a structural specificity and that the relative densities of the D3R and D2R sites do not drive this specificity. We have also shown that the dopamine D3R receptor is primarily distributed in regions that have a central role in reward and addiction. A finding that supports theories that assigns a primarily limbic role to the D3R.
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Hines, Dustin J., and University of Lethbridge Faculty of Arts and Science. "The role of cues and the hippocampus in home base behaviour." Thesis, Lethbridge, Alta. : University of Lethbridge, Faculty of Arts and Science, 2004, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10133/646.

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The thesis examines the ability of animals to construct a home base. The home base is a point in space where animals rear, groom, and circle and is a primary element in organized spatial behaviour (Eilam and Golani 1989). Once animals establish a home base, they make outward trips and stops, and after a series of trips and stops they return again to the home base. The home base behaviour of animals acts as a platform for asking questions about the cognitive organization of an environment. The thesis describes five main findings. Control and hippocampectomized animals use (1) proximal and (2) distal cues to form a home base and organize their behaviour. (3) Control and olfactory bulbectomized animals form home bases in the dark where as hippocampectomized animals are impaired suggesting self-movement but not olfactory cues play a role in home base behaviour. A final set of experiments demonstrated that control and hippocampectomized animals learn the position of (4) proximal and (5) distal cues so that in the cue's absence, animals still form a home base at that position. The demonstration that a central feature of exploratory behaviour, establishing a home base, is preserved in hippocampectomized rats in relation to proximal, distal, and conditioned visual cues - reveals that exploratory behaviour remains organized after hippocampal lesions. The inability of hippocampectomized rats to form a virtual home base in the absence of visual cues is discussed in relation to the idea that the hippocampus contributes to inertial behaviour that may be dependent upon self-movement cues.
xv, 232 leaves : ill. ; 29 cm.
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Kumlehn, Malte. "Consumer Neuroscience : Pricing research to gain and sustain a cutting edge competitive advantage by improving customer value and profitability." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Handelshögskolan vid Umeå universitet, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-44981.

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This is the first study that exclusively focuses on gaining knowledge of the vast opportunities that Neuroscientific pricing research offers for marketing purposes. The findings of this study provide evidence of the importance to improve customer and organizational decision making. The findings further highlight the crucial importance of Neuroscientific pricing research. Moreover, evidence is provided that fundamental and well formulated models and concepts need to be developed in the discipline of Neuroscientific pricing research. Neuroscientific pricing research can improve the understanding and the use of pricing by validating and developing existing pricing theories that are largely behavioural or standard economic in nature and build on unrealistic assumptions such as perfect information, profit maximization and rational choices. (Pratt, 1964; Lucas, 1971; Friedman, 1976; Stigler, 1987; Rappaport, 1996; Caplin & Dean, 2009, p. 24) Rao and Kartono (2009, p. 9) explain that "our understanding of pricing processes is still in its infancy". Moreover, Neuroscientific pricing research has been sporadically published. (Knutson, Fong, Adams, Varner, & Hommer, 2001; Knutson, Rick, Wimmer, Prelec, & Loewenstein, 2007; Plassmann, O'Doherty, Shiv, & Rangel, 2008) So far, pricing research has incorporated advancements in game theory and microeconomics, behavioural decision theory, psychological and social dimensions and newer market mechanisms of auctions over the last decades. (Rao, 2009, p. 1) Bijmolt et al. (2005) highlights that pricing research has implications for how we understand information processing in any decision context where resources and information are scarce and costs must be weighed against benefits. Moreover, Neuroscientific pricing- branding- and design research will offer organizations a unique range of tools and abundant opportunities to gain and sustain a competitive advantage and to improve customer value and profitability. Innovative industry leading companies, governments and civil society organizations should debate whether they can afford to not to be part of developing Neuroscientific research mainly for the reasons of control and power.
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Nyh, Johan. "From Snow White to Frozen : An evaluation of popular gender representation indicators applied to Disney’s princess films." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Institutionen för geografi, medier och kommunikation, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-36877.

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Simple content analysis methods, such as the Bechdel test and measuring percentage of female talk time or characters, have seen a surge of attention from mainstream media and in social media the last couple of years. Underlying assumptions are generally shared with the gender role socialization model and consequently, an importance is stated, due to a high degree to which impressions from media shape in particular young children’s identification processes. For young girls, the Disney Princesses franchise (with Frozen included) stands out as the number one player commercially as well as in customer awareness. The vertical lineup of Disney princesses spans from the passive and domestic working Snow White in 1937 to independent and super-power wielding princess Elsa in 2013, which makes the line of films an optimal test subject in evaluating above-mentioned simple content analysis methods. As a control, a meta-study has been conducted on previous academic studies on the same range of films. The sampled research, within fields spanning from qualitative content analysis and semiotics to coded content analysis, all come to the same conclusions regarding the general changes over time in representations of female characters. The objective of this thesis is to answer whether or not there is a correlation between these changes and those indicated by the simple content analysis methods, i.e. whether or not the simple popular methods are in general coherence with the more intricate academic methods.

Betyg VG (skala IG-VG)

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Books on the topic "Behavioural brain research"

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Alleva, Enrico, Aldo Fasolo, Hans-Peter Lipp, Lynn Nadel, and Laura Ricceri, eds. Behavioural Brain Research in Naturalistic and Semi-Naturalistic Settings. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-0091-5.

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Olga, Burešová, and Křivánek Jiři, eds. Brain and behaviour: Paradigms for research in neural mechanisms. Chichester: Wiley, 1988.

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Organisation of goal-directed behaviour: Development of experimental methods and analysis of chronic and acute effects of alcohol on correlations between brain potentials. Oulu: Universitatis ouluensis, 1994.

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Nadel, Lynn, Aldo Fasolo, E. Alleva, Hans-Peter Lipp, and Laura Ricceri. Behavioural Brain Research in Naturalistic and Semi-Naturalistic Settings. Springer, 2013.

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E, Alleva, North Atlantic Treaty Organization. Scientific Affairs Division., and NATO Advanced Study Institute on Behavioural Brain Research in Naturalistic and Semi-Naturalistic Settings: Possibilities and Perspectives (1994 : Acquafredda di Maratea, Italy), eds. Behavioural brain research in naturalistic and semi-naturalistic settings. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic, 1995.

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Steinbüchel, Nicole von. Experimental Brain Research, 29th Annual General Meeting of the European Brain and Behaviour Society. Springer, 1997.

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Petrella, Carla, Giuseppe Nisticò, and Robert Nisticò. Gut–brain axis: Physiology and pathology. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198789284.003.0007.

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A large body of research has shown the presence of a complex pathway of communication between gut and brain. It is now recognized that, through this pathway, microbiota can influence intestinal homeostasis and modulate brain plasticity in normal and pathological conditions. This chapter provides an overview of preclinical and clinical evidence supporting the possible mechanisms whereby microbiota can influence gastrointestinal function and stress-related behaviour. Since normalization of gut flora can prevent changes in behaviour, the authors further postulate that the gut–brain axis might represent a possible target for pharmacological and dietary strategies aimed at improving intestinal and mental health.
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Thaut, Michael. History and research. Edited by Susan Hallam, Ian Cross, and Michael Thaut. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199298457.013.0051.

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This article provides an introductory synopsis of the history of research developments and research themes in music psychology from its inception in the nineteenth century until the early twenty-first century. Psychology of music as a new and independent scientific discipline started its development in the middle of the nineteenth century. It was a component part of the arrival of psychology as a new discipline studying human behaviour through observation, measurement, and testing using scientific methods. In the last 25 years of the twentieth century, music psychology underwent its most fundamental change with the advent of brain imaging as an entirely new technology of studying the humanin vivo, involved in complex cognitive operations.
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Burton, Derek, and Margaret Burton. Fish behaviour. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198785552.003.0014.

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Behaviour involves reacting to stimuli and may be innate (colour change) or include input via cognition (learning, memory). Understanding the complex behaviour of some fish, as in interaction with conspecifics, potential prey or predators, may require consideration of neurobiology and endocrinology. Whereas fish may show behaviours associated with tetrapods (play, sleep), some of their behaviour follows a preset pattern, for example in feeding and reproduction. Communication between fish depends on cues such as colour, sound, electroception or pheromones. Long-term behaviour includes migration and territoriality, with schooling a group phenomenon. Within the brain a neuropil may indicate a region capable of memory, in fish it is abundant in the optic tectum with up to 15 laminae (layers), with some in the olfactory bulb; however, the laminated cerebral cortex of mammals is lacking. Current research includes the role of engrams in memory and the use of zebrafish as models.
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Lopes, Dominic McIver. Aesthetics on the Edge. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198796657.001.0001.

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Recent years have seen an explosion of research on the biological, neural, and psychological foundations of artistic and aesthetic phenomena, which had previously been the province of the social sciences and the humanities. Meanwhile, it is a boom time for meta-philosophy, many new methods have been adopted in aesthetics, and philosophers are tackling the relationship between empirical and theoretical approaches to aesthetics. These eleven essays propose a methodology especially suited to aesthetics, where problems in philosophy are addressed principally by examining how aesthetic phenomena are understood in the human sciences. Since the human sciences include much of the humanities as well as the social, behavioural, and brain sciences, the methodology promises to integrate arts research across the academy. The volume opens with four essays outlining the methodology and its potential. Subsequent essays put the methodology to work, shedding light on the perceptual and social-pragmatic capacities that are implicated in responding to works of art, especially images, but also music, literature, and conceptual art.
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Book chapters on the topic "Behavioural brain research"

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Alleva, Enrico, Aldo Fasolo, Hans-Peter Lipp, Lynn Nadel, and Laura Ricceri. "Discussion Group: Comparative Brain Morphology." In Behavioural Brain Research in Naturalistic and Semi-Naturalistic Settings, 131–35. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-0091-5_6.

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Alleva, Enrico, Aldo Fasolo, Hans-Peter Lipp, Lynn Nadel, and Laura Ricceri. "Behavioural Brain Research in Naturalistic and Semi-Naturalistic Settings." In Behavioural Brain Research in Naturalistic and Semi-Naturalistic Settings, 239–41. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-0091-5_12.

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Deacon, T. W. "On Telling Growth from Parcellation in Brain Evolution." In Behavioural Brain Research in Naturalistic and Semi-Naturalistic Settings, 37–62. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-0091-5_2.

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GÜttinger, H. R., K. W. Kafitz, and S. Stocker-Buschina. "Temporal and Functional Relationship of Brain Maturation and Behavioural Development." In Behavioural Brain Research in Naturalistic and Semi-Naturalistic Settings, 193–206. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-0091-5_9.

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Visalberghi, E., and C. Lillo. "Understanding Primate Behaviour: A Cooperative Effort of Field and Laboratory Research." In Behavioural Brain Research in Naturalistic and Semi-Naturalistic Settings, 413–24. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-0091-5_23.

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Lipp, H. P., and D. P. Wolfer. "New Paths towards Old Dreams: Microphrenology." In Behavioural Brain Research in Naturalistic and Semi-Naturalistic Settings, 3–36. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-0091-5_1.

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Bingman, V. P., T. J. Jones, R. Strasser, A. Gagliardo, and P. IoalÉ. "Homing Pigeons, Hippocampus and Spatial Cognition." In Behavioural Brain Research in Naturalistic and Semi-Naturalistic Settings, 207–23. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-0091-5_10.

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Papi, F. "Recent Experiments on Pigeon Navigation." In Behavioural Brain Research in Naturalistic and Semi-Naturalistic Settings, 225–38. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-0091-5_11.

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Nadel, L. "The Psychobiology of Spatial Behavior: The Hippocampal Formation and Spatial Mapping." In Behavioural Brain Research in Naturalistic and Semi-Naturalistic Settings, 245–58. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-0091-5_13.

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Schwegler, H., and H. P. Lipp. "Variations in the Morphology of the Septo-Hippocampal Complex and Maze Learning in Rodents: Correlation between Morphology and Behaviour." In Behavioural Brain Research in Naturalistic and Semi-Naturalistic Settings, 259–76. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-0091-5_14.

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Conference papers on the topic "Behavioural brain research"

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Chen, Xun, and Michael N. Morgan. "Advances in Quality and Productivity in Precision Grinding: A Review of Selected Research." In ASME 2016 11th International Manufacturing Science and Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/msec2016-8585.

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This paper reviews grinding research led by Professor W Brian Rowe at Liverpool John Moores University and at other establishments previously. Research reviewed extends over fundamentals of grinding processes and machine performance carried out over fifty-five years. Topics range from accuracy in centreless grinding and other grinding processes to grinding machine behaviour and high precision grinding machine design including bearing technology. Research also ranges to high-removal rate grinding processes, surface integrity and intelligent process control. This review highlights progress in selected areas and demonstrates that improving product quality allows improved manufacturing productivity.
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Nagy, Dalma J., László Bencsik, and Tamás Insperger. "Modelling Stick Balancing by Applying Switching-Type Control." In ASME 2020 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2020-22419.

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Abstract In today’s aging society special attention is devoted to the research of human balance control. Our research group focuses on understanding the control mechanism of the brain during balancing from an engineering point of view. The model of stick balancing is derived and the dynamical behaviour of the mechanical system is investigated numerically. The control force is modelled as a PD controller with predictor feedback without implementation uncertainty, which allows perfect delay compensation. However, the sensory dead zone of human perception is also accounted for in the model and thus, a delayed switching-type controller is applied. After deriving the mechanical model, numerical analysis is carried out in order to investigate the effect of time delay and the size of sensory dead zones.
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Huang, Jiacai, YangQuan Chen, and Zhuo Li. "Mathematical Model of Human Operator Using Fractional Calculus for Human-in-the-Loop Control." In ASME 2015 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2015-47464.

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Mathematical models of human operator play a very important role in the Human-in-the-Loop manual control system. For several decades, modeling human operator’s dynamic has been an active research area. The traditional classical human operator models are usually developed using the Quasi-linear transfer function method, the optimal control theory method, and so on. The human operator models established by the above methods have deficiencies such as complicated and over parameterized, even for basic control elements. In this paper, based on the characteristics of human brain and behaviour, two kinds of fractional order mathematical models for describing human operator behavior are proposed. Through validation and comparison by the actual data, the best_fit model with smallest root mean squared error (RMSE) is obtained, which has simple structure with only few parameters, and each parameter has definite physical meaning.
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Reports on the topic "Behavioural brain research"

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Morphett, Jane, Alexandra Whittaker, Amy Reichelt, and Mark Hutchinson. Perineuronal net structure as a non-cellular mechanism of affective state, a scoping review. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, August 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2021.8.0075.

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Is the perineuronal net structure within emotional processing brain regions associated with changes in affective state? The objective of this scoping review is to bring together the literature on human and animal studies which have measured perineuronal net structure in brain regions associated with emotional processing (such as but not limited to amygdala, hippocampus and prefrontal cortex). Perineuronal nets are a specialised form of condensed extracellular matrix that enwrap and protect neurons (Suttkus et al., 2016), regulate synaptic plasticity (Celio and Blumcke, 1994) and ion homeostasis (Morawski et al., 2015). Perineuronal nets are dynamic structures that are influenced by external and internal environmental shifts – for example, increasing in intensity and number in response to stressors (Blanco and Conant, 2021) and pharmacological agents (Riga et al., 2017). This review’s objective is to generate a compilation of existing knowledge regarding the structural changes of perineuronal nets in experimental studies that manipulate affective state, including those that alter environmental stressors. The outcomes will inform future research directions by elucidating non-cellular central nervous system mechanisms that underpin positive and negative emotional states. These methods may also be targets for manipulation to manage conditions of depression or promote wellbeing. Population: human and animal Condition: affective state as determined through validated behavioural assessment methods or established biomarkers. This includes both positive and negative affective states. Context: PNN structure, measuringPNNs.
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