Journal articles on the topic 'Behavior modification Victoria Melbourne'
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1
Scida, Mark, and Rob Gration. "Monitoring the threatened brush-tailed phascogale (Phascogale tapoatafa tapoatafa) at Sugarloaf Reservoir, Victoria." Australian Mammalogy 40, no. 2 (2018): 307. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/am16061.
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The brush-tailed phascogale (Phascogale tapoatafa tapoatafa) is a marsupial threatened in Victoria by habitat fragmentation and modification. As part of the development of infrastructure in phascogale habitat, Melbourne Water was required to improve habitat for the phascogale. We aimed to develop and test a method for monitoring phascogales on Melbourne Water land, and to assess the effectiveness of habitat improvements. Trapping, nest boxes, and cameras were all successful in detecting phascogales; however, cameras had the highest detection per unit effort. We suggest that future monitoring should favour camera surveys with trapping potentially every 3–5 years for acquisition of physical data.
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Menkhorst, P. "John Hilary Seebeck 1939 - 2003. An obituary by Peter Menkhorst (with assistance from Ian Mansergh, Ian Temby and Robert Warneke)." Australian Mammalogy 25, no. 2 (2003): 221. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/am03221_ob.
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WITH the passing of John Seebeck on 8 September 2003, Victoria lost a true champion of nature conservation. Born on 28 September 1939, John grew up in Northcote, Melbourne, and attended local State schools. He joined the fledgling Wildlife Research Section of the Fisheries and Game Department in 1960 as a technical assistant. The following year, John received a Government studentship allowing him to study part-time for a B.Sc. at The University of Melbourne. On returning to full-time employment, John worked assiduously with Keith Dempster, Robert Warneke and others to build the Wildlife Research Section into a springboard for better conservation in Victoria.
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Lavazanian, E., R. Wallis, and A. Webster. "Diet of powerful owls (Nixox strenua) living near Melbourne, Victoria." Wildlife Research 21, no. 6 (1994): 643. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr9940643.
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The diet of powerful owls (Ninox strenua) living at Christmas Hills, 35 km north-east of Melboume, was examined by analysis of 686 regurgitated pellets collected over two years. Mammalian prey was found in 89%, insects in 13%, vegetation in 11% and birds in 10% of the pellets. Of the mammals, common ringtail possums occurred most frequently in the pellets over the year. There was no seasonal difference in the frequency of occurrences of common ringtail possums and sugar gliders in pellets. However, common brushtail possums were more likely to be taken in spring than in the other seasons. More adult common ringtail possums were taken as prey than were other age classes over the year, except in summer when high numbers of young were consumed by the owls.
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Lewis, Emma K., and Andrew N. Drinnan. "The Miocene conifer flora of Balcombe Bay, Victoria, Australia." Australian Systematic Botany 26, no. 2 (2013): 145. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sb11031.
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Fossil conifers from an early Miocene flora at Balcombe Bay near Melbourne, Australia, are described and illustrated. The most prominent elements are Araucaria balcombensis Selling emend. R.S.Hill and Dacrycarpus mucronatus P.M.Wells & R.S.Hill, and several other unidentified podocarp leaves are represented. Ovuliferous cones of D. mucronatus are described, along with isolated araucarian microsporophylls and podocarp pollen cones – both with pollen in situ. The floristic elements are similar to Eocene–Oligocene flora described from Tasmania, and indicate that these floras extended to now mainland Australia and persisted into the Miocene. They are indicative of a wetter and warmer climate than the present time.
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Skotnicki, M. L., P. M. Selkirk, P. Broady, K. D. Adam, and J. A. Ninham. "Dispersal of the moss Campylopus pyriformis on geothermal ground near the summits of Mount Erebus and Mount Melbourne, Victoria Land, Antarctica." Antarctic Science 13, no. 3 (September 2001): 280–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954102001000396.
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Mount Melbourne in northern Victoria Land, Antarctica, is a glaciated 2733 m volcanic cone. The moss Compylopus pyriformis occurs on two small areas of steam-warmed snow-free ground near its summit. This moss species also occurs in temperate regions world-wide, but has not been recorded elsewhere in continental Antarctica. RAPD (Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA) studies of 26 samples of C. pyriformis from two areas of heated ground on Mount Melbourne showed there was genetic diversity within the population. Genetic evidence for dispersal between the two sites, together with some genetic variation within individual colonies, indicates a single colonisation event has probably occurred at this extremely isolated location followed by multiple mutations. A single sample of moss protonema was collected 25 years ago from steam-warmed ground near the summit of another volcano, Mount Erebus (3794 m), on Ross Island some 300 km south of Mount Melbourne. The moss could not be identified based on morphological and reproductive criteria, as all attempts to differentiate it to a recognisable gametophyte were unsuccessful. The RAPD technique has now shown it to be C. pyriformis, and closely related to the population on Mount Melbourne.
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Shi, G. R., Yi-Ming Gong, and A. Potter. "Late Silurian trace fossils from the Melbourne Formation, Studley Park, Victoria, southeastern Australia." Alcheringa: An Australasian Journal of Palaeontology 33, no. 3 (September 2009): 185–209. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03115510902844301.
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Bennett, A., and G. Coulson. "Evaluation of an exclusion plot design for determining the impacts of native and exotic herbivores on forest understoreys." Australian Mammalogy 30, no. 2 (2008): 83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/am08010.
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To study the effects of grazing and browsing by Sambar deer (Cervus unicolor), swamp wallaby (Wallabia bicolor) and wombats (Vombatus ursinus) exclosure plots measuring 10 m x 10 m were erected in the Upper Yarra and O'Shannassy water catchments near Melbourne, Victoria. Total exclusion fences and partial exclusion fences were erected. Design details and costs are provided. Operational problems are discussed.
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Narcisi, Biancamaria, Marco Proposito, and Massimo Frezzotti. "Ice record of a 13th century explosive volcanic eruption in northern Victoria Land, East Antarctica." Antarctic Science 13, no. 2 (June 2001): 174–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954102001000268.
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A volcanic event, represented by both coarse ash and a prominent sulphate peak, has been detected at a depth of 85.82 m in a 90 m ice core drilled at Talos Dome, northern Victoria Land. Accurate dating of the core, based on counting annual sulphate and nitrate fluctuations and on comparison with records of major known volcanic eruptions, indicates that the event occurred in 1254 ± 2 AD. The source volcano is most likely to be located within the Ross Sea region. In particular, the glass shards have a trachytic composition similar to rocks from The Pleiades and Mount Rittmann (Melbourne volcanic province), about 200 km from Talos Dome. Sulphate concentration is comparable with that of violent extra-Antarctic explosive events recorded in the same core, but atmospheric perturbation was short-lived and localized, suggesting a negligible impact on regional climate. It is suggested that this eruption may represent the most important volcanic explosion in the Melbourne province during the last eight centuries; thus this event may also represent a valuable chrono-stratigraphical marker on the East Antarctic plateau and in adjoining areas.
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GAMBINO, SALVATORE. "Air and permafrost temperatures at Mount Melbourne (1989–98)." Antarctic Science 17, no. 1 (February 28, 2005): 151–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s095410200500249x.
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Recent meteorological studies suggest a mixed pattern of climate change in Antarctica: a general cooling of the interior continent and warming in the Antarctic Peninsula over the past several decades (e.g. Comiso 2000, Doran et al. 2002, Vaughan et al. 2003). This note presents 10 years of continuous recording of air and permafrost temperature at Mount Melbourne (74°21′S, 164°42′E) in Northern Victoria Land. Mount Melbourne is a quiescent volcano belonging to a wide-spread volcanic belt which has developed since the Oligocene along the western margin of the Ross Sea, parallel to the Transantarctic Mountains (Fig. 1a). In 1988 a tilt network composed of five continuous recording sensors each equipped with four temperature sensors (Fig. 1b) was installed within the framework of Italian PRNA between the end of 1988 and the beginning of 1989 (Bonaccorso et al. 1995).
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Sandford, A. C. "Trilobite faunas and palaeoenvironmental setting of the Silurian (early Ludlow) Melbourne Formation, central Victoria." Alcheringa: An Australasian Journal of Palaeontology 24, no. 3 (January 2000): 153–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03115510008619207.
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Ward, SJ. "Life-History of the Feathertail Glider, Acrobates-Pygmaeus (Acrobatidae, Marsupialia) in South-Eastern Australia." Australian Journal of Zoology 38, no. 5 (1990): 503. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/zo9900503.
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Acrobates pygmaeus was captured in nestboxes in three areas of central and southern Victoria: the Gembrook-Cockatoo area and Nar Nar Goon North east of Melbourne, and Daylesford north-west of Melbourne. Breeding was strictly seasonal and females produced two litters between July and February each year. Males also showed seasonal fluctuation in testes sizes. Mean litter size was 3.5 at birth and 2.5 at weaning. Pouch life lasted 65 days and young were weaned at approximately 100 days of age. Growth was slow and maternal investment in each young was high, and continued after weaning. Most individuals matured in the season following their birth, but some males did not mature until the second season after their birth. Maximum field longevity was at least three years. Comparisons are made with other small diprotodont marsupials.
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Allan, R. N., L. Lebbe, J. Heyrman, P. De Vos, C. J. Buchanan, and N. A. Logan. "Brevibacillus levickii sp. nov. and Aneurinibacillus terranovensis sp. nov., two novel thermoacidophiles isolated from geothermal soils of northern Victoria Land, Antarctica." International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 55, no. 3 (May 1, 2005): 1039–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/ijs.0.63397-0.
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Thirteen strains of endospore-forming bacteria were isolated from geothermal soils at Cryptogam Ridge, the north-west slope of Mt Melbourne, and at the vents and summit of Mt Rittmann in northern Victoria Land, Antarctica. 16S rRNA gene sequencing, SDS-PAGE and routine phenotypic characterization tests indicated that the seven isolates from the north-west slope of Mt Melbourne represent a novel species of Brevibacillus and that the six isolates from Cryptogam Ridge and the vents and summit of Mt Rittmann represent a novel species of Aneurinibacillus. Brevibacillus strains were not isolated from the sites at Mt Rittmann or Cryptogam Ridge and Aneurinibacillus strains were not isolated from the north-west slope of Mt Melbourne. Preliminary metabolic studies revealed that l-glutamic acid, although not essential for growth, was utilized by both species. The Brevibacillus species possessed an uptake system specific for l-glutamic acid, whereas the Aneurinibacillus species possessed a more general uptake system capable of transporting other related amino acids. Both species utilized a K+ antiport system and similar energy systems for the uptake of l-glutamic acid. The rate of uptake by the Brevibacillus species type strain was 20-fold greater than that shown by the Aneurinibacillus species type strain. The names Brevibacillus levickii sp. nov. and Aneurinibacillus terranovensis sp. nov. are proposed for the novel taxa; the type strains are Logan B-1657T (=LMG 22481T=CIP 108307T) and Logan B-1599T (LMG 22483T=CIP 108308T), respectively.
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Cooke, B. D. "Swamp wallaby (Wallabia bicolor) distribution has dramatically increased following sustained biological control of rabbits." Australian Mammalogy 42, no. 3 (2020): 321. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/am19037.
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Swamp wallabies have dramatically extended their distribution through western Victoria and south-eastern South Australia over the last 40 years. Newspaper reports from 1875 onwards show that on European settlement, wallaby populations were confined to eastern Victoria, including the ranges around Melbourne, the Otway Ranges and Portland District of south-western Victoria, and a tiny part of south-eastern South Australia. Populations contracted further with intense hunting for the fur trade until the 1930s. In the late 1970s, however, wallabies began spreading into drier habitats than those initially recorded. Possible causes underlying this change in distribution are discussed; some seem unlikely but, because wallabies began spreading soon after the introduction of European rabbit fleas as vectors of myxomatosis, the cumulative effects of releases of biological agents to control rabbits appear important. A caution is given on assuming that thick vegetation in high-rainfall areas provides the only habitat suitable for swamp wallabies, but, most importantly, the study shows how native mammals may benefit if rabbit abundance is reduced.
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Horne, PA. "Comparative Life Histories of 2 Species of Notonomus (Coleoptera, Carabidae) in Victoria." Australian Journal of Zoology 40, no. 2 (1992): 163. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/zo9920163.
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The distributions and life histories of two species of carabid beetles, Notonomus gravis and Notonomus philippi, are compared. N. gravis inhabits the western grassland plains of Victoria and N. philippi inhabits woodland in the Otway Ranges and areas east of Melbourne. Adults of both species show peak activity in summer after emergence, with larval development from autumn to spring. The development of N. philippi occurs approximately one month earlier than that of N. gravis. Both species readily accept larval Lepidoptera as food, are nocturnal and are the dominant carabids in their respective habitats. N. gravis has potential as a biological control agent, and the carabid communities may be used as environmental indicators.
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Perchiazzi, Natale, Luigi Folco, and Marcello Mellini. "Volcanic ash bands in the Frontier Mountain and Lichen Hills blue-ice fields, northern Victoria Land." Antarctic Science 11, no. 3 (September 1999): 353–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954102099000449.
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Dust bands in the blue-ice of the Frontier Mountain meteorite trap (northern Victoria Land, Antarctica) were previously reported as upthrust basal debris. Four of them have now been sampled at Frontier Mountain and Lichen Hills. The absence of local rocks and sedimentary fragments, the ubiquitous abundant volcanic glass with no evidence for abrasion, the igneous minerals, the chemical compositions of glass and minerals and the bulk chemical compositions indicate that they are volcanic ash bands (tephra) and not glacial debris. Although hardly distinguishable in the field, the different volcanic ash bands are discriminated using mineralogical and chemical data, as well as particle size, abundance and vesicularity of glass. Chronological constraints, particle size and chemical compositions localize the source for the Frontier Mountain and Lichen Hills tephra within the recent activity of the Mount Melbourne Volcanic Province in northern Victoria Land; possible emission centres are the Pleiades (40 ± 50 ka to 3 ± 14 ka) and/or Mount Rittmann (3.97 Ma to present).
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Serena, M., and G. A. Williams. "Movements and cumulative range size of the platypus (Ornithorhynchus anatinus) inferred from mark–recapture studies." Australian Journal of Zoology 60, no. 5 (2012): 352. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/zo12121.
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The extent of mammalian movements often varies with size, sex and/or reproductive status. Fyke nets were set along streams and rivers near Melbourne (southern Victoria) from the mid-1990s to 2007, and in the Wimmera River catchment (western Victoria) from 1997 to 2005, to assess how far platypus of different age and sex classes travelled between captures and over longer periods. The mean distance between consecutive captures of adults did not vary significantly as intervals increased from 1–3 months to >3 years, suggesting that most individuals occupied stable ranges. However, adult females travelled, on average, only 35% as far between captures as males in southern Victoria, and 29% as far in the Wimmera. Up to half of this difference may be explained by variation in size-related metabolic requirements. Immature males and females respectively moved 61% and 53% as far, on average, as their adult equivalents, although two young males dispersed >40 km. Adults incrementally occupied up to 13.9 km of channel in the case of a male (based on six captures over 67 months) and 4.4 km of channel in the case of a female (based on five captures over 127 months).
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Harris, JM, and RL Goldingay. "Distribution, habitat and conservation status of the eastern pygmy-possum Cercartetus nanus in Victoria." Australian Mammalogy 27, no. 2 (2005): 185. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/am05185.
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We review the distribution, habitat and conservation status of the eastern pygmy-possum (Cercartetus nanus) in Victoria. Data on the habitat occurrences and rates of detection were gleaned from 133 published and unpublished fauna surveys conducted from 1968 to 2003 in Gippsland; northern Victoria; the Melbourne area and south-western region. C. nanus was reported from a broad range of vegetation communities, which predominantly included a dense mid-storey of shrubs rich in nectar-producing species such as those from the families Proteaceae and Myrtaceae. Survey effort using a range of methods was immense across surveys: 305,676 Elliott/cage trap-nights, 49,582 pitfall trap-nights, 18,331 predator remains analysed, 4424 spotlight hours, and 7346 hair-sampling devices deployed, 1005 trees stagwatched, and 5878 checks of installed nest-boxes. The surveys produced 434 records of C. nanus, with Elliott/cage trapping, pitfall trapping and analysis of predator remains responsible for the vast majority of records (93%). These data and those from the Atlas of Victorian Wildlife indicate that although C. nanus has a widespread distribution in Victoria, it is rarely observed or trapped in fauna surveys. Only 11 (8%) of the surveys we reviewed detected >10 individuals. C. nanus is likely to be sensitive to several recognised threatening processes in Victoria (e.g., feral predators, high frequency fire, feral honeybees). There is also evidence of range declines in several regions, which suggests that the species is vulnerable to extinction. Therefore, we recommend that it be nominated as a threatened species in Victoria.
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Poiani, A. "Reproductive biology of the bell miner (Manorina melanophrys) (Meliphagidae) at Healsville, south-eastern Victoria." Wildlife Research 20, no. 5 (1993): 579. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr9930579.
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The breeding biology of the bell miner (Manorina melanophrys, Meliphagidae) at a site 60 km east of Melbourne, Victoria, is described. Bell miners showed a clear seasonal pattern of nesting, moulting and development of brood patch. Increased food availability and number of helpers were not associated with increased nesting success. This is partially explained by increased predation on nests in colonies with more helpers. Growth rates of nestlings did not increase with increased number of helpers and habitat quality, although these variables may affect postfledging survival rates. Breeding females organised into neighbourhoods seemed to be able to synchronise nesting. Egg shape differed among females but egg size did not, although egg volume increased as the breeding season progressed.
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Butler, H., B. Malone, and N. Clemann. "The effects of translocation on the spatial ecology of tiger snakes (Notechis scutatus) in a suburban landscape." Wildlife Research 32, no. 2 (2005): 165. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr04020.
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In many suburban parts of Australia the removal of snakes from private property by licenced snake catchers is employed to mitigate perceived risks to humans and their pets. The number of snakes translocated around greater Melbourne, Victoria, each year can be very high (at least many hundreds). However, the effects of translocation on the behaviour and welfare of individual snakes, and the impact on existing snake populations at release sites are unknown. We used radio-telemetry of ‘resident’ and translocated snakes to investigate the consequences of translocation on the spatial ecology of tiger snakes (Notechis scutatus) in a suburban parkland near Melbourne. Fourteen snakes (two female and four male residents, and four female and four male translocated snakes) implanted with radio-transmitters were tracked between spring 2002 and autumn 2003. Translocated snakes exhibited home ranges ~6 times larger than those of residents, although each group maintained core ranges of similar size. Translocated snakes travelled longer distances and were often located in residential areas adjacent to the park, whereas resident snakes were never located outside of the park.
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Arundel, JH, KJ Dempster, KE Harrigan, and R. Black. "Epidemiological Observations on the Helminth Parasites of Macropus Giganteus Shaw in Victoria." Wildlife Research 17, no. 1 (1990): 39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr9900039.
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An epidemiological study of the nematode parasites of the eastern grey kangaroo (M. giganteus) was made in an enclosed reserve north of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. Adult and juvenile kangaroos were collected at approximately 6-weekly intervals and blood, faeces and the entire gastrointestinal tract was obtained. The nematodes present were Globocephaloides trifidospicularis, Rugopharynx australis, R. rosemariae, Pharyngostrongylus kappa, Cloacina spp., Strongyloides sp., Macropostrongylus baylisi, Paramacropostrongylus toraliformis, Alocostoma clelandi, Labiostrongylus spp., Macroponema comani and Macropoxyuris. The majority of nematodes had a seasonal fluctuation. Acquisition commenced in late summer and reached a peak in midwinter before declining in spring. G. trifidospicularis caused considerable mortality in juvenile kangaroos and there was a strong relationship between rising numbers of this species and falling plasma protein, haemoglobin concentration and haematocrit values. This species can cause heavy mortality in juvenile kangaroos in enclosed populations when winter feed is depleted and when the small animals with no fat reserves experience maximum cold stress. Other parasites present included Progamotaenia ewersi, P. festiva, P. macropodis, Triplotaenia fimbriata, T. undosa, Eimeria wilcanniensis, E. macropodis, E. hestermani and E. marsupialum.
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Myers, BA, DH Ashton, and JA Osborne. "The Ecology of the Mallee Outlier of Eucalyptus behriana F. Muell. Near Melton, Victoria." Australian Journal of Botany 34, no. 1 (1986): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/bt9860015.
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An outlier of mallee vegetation occurs south of the Great Dividing Range in Victoria in a rain shadow region (annual rainfall approx. 500 mm) about 50 km west of Melbourne. A Eucalyptus behriana open-scrub with a sparse understorey of chenopods, mosses, lichens and some grasses occurs on solonetz soil on lateritized Tertiary sandy clays and on skeletal soils on Ordovician slates and sandstones. The dryness of the mallee site is probably exacerbated by the smaller rate of water infiltration and greater salinity of the solonetz soil under E. behriana compared with the solodic soil, in the moister area further north, under an open-forest of E. microcarpa. The multistemmed habit of E. behriana appears to be partly genetically fixed. Hollow lignotuberous rings, filled to a depth of about 15-25 cm with brown, nutrient-rich humus, are common. Pattern analysis of the distribution of stems of E. behriana indicated strong clumping at about 9 m², due to the multistemmed habit, and weaker clumping at about 600 m², which correlated with the size of groups of dense, spindly individuals of E. behriana, resulting from a past phase of gap regeneration.
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Entwisle, TJ. "Phenology of the Cladophora-Stigeoclonium community in Two Urban Creeks of Melbourne." Marine and Freshwater Research 40, no. 5 (1989): 471. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf9890471.
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Cladophora glomerata and Stigeoclonium tenue dominate lowland urban creeks in the Yarra River basin of south-central Victoria. In Darebin and Merri Creeks, Cladophora produces extensive mats in summer and autumn, and is mostly replaced by Stigeoclonium in winter and spring. Although Stigeoclonium can grow all year round, it only outcompetes Cladophora in winter and spring, when air temperatures range between a maximum of < 15� C and a nightly minimum of < 10� C (water temperature < 15� C, usually about 10� C). The seasonal composition and abundance of these macroalgae depend on temperature and on the severity of, and time since, the last floods, and the effect that these factors have on interspecific competition. Features of the microhabitat (e.g. photon irradiance, substratum stability and composition, and mean flow rates) determine the range of these variations. The biomass of both macroalgae fluctuates widely; this is due mainly to floods, which can remove almost the entire standing crop. In off-seasons, both species are maintained by small resilient plants or protected populations (in culture, plants remain viable after up to 6 months in complete darkness). Filaments of Cladophora readily produce zoospores and new vegetative growth following dormancy. The prostrate thallus of Stigeoclonium initiates new erect filaments before zoospores are produced. An understanding of the large local and seasonal variations in macroalgal biomass is essential for biological monitoring programmes.
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Hainsworth, Steven, Ann C. Lawrie, Thiru Vanniasinkam, and Danilla Grando. "Metagenomics of Toenail Onychomycosis in Three Victorian Regions of Australia." Journal of Fungi 8, no. 11 (November 14, 2022): 1198. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jof8111198.
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Onychomycosis is a fungal disease of the nail that is found worldwide and is difficult to diagnose accurately. This study used metagenomics to investigate the microbiology of 18 clinically diagnosed mycotic nails and two normal nails for fungi and bacteria using the ITS2 and 16S loci. Four mycotic nails were from Bass Coast, six from Melbourne Metropolitan and eight from Shepparton, Victoria, Australia. The mycotic nails were photographed and metagenomically analysed. The ITS2 sequences for T. rubrum and T. interdigitale/mentagrophytes averaged over 90% of hits in 14/18 nails. The high abundance of sequences of a single dermatophyte, compared to all other fungi in a single nail, made it the most likely infecting agents (MLIA). Trichophyton rubrum and T. interdigitale/mentagrophytes were found in Bass Coast and Shepparton while only T. interdigitale/mentagrophytes was found in Melbourne. Two nails with T. interdigitale/mentagrophytes mixed with high abundance non-dermatophyte moulds (NDMs) (Aspergillus versicolor, Acremonium sclerotigenum) were also observed. The two control nails contained chiefly Fusarium oxysporum and Malassezia slooffiae. For bacteria, Staphylococcus epidermidis was in every nail and was the most abundant, including the control nails, with an overall mean rate of 66.01%. Rothia koreensis, Corynebacterium tuberculostearicum, and Brevibacterium sediminis also featured.
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Ward, SJ. "Life-History of the Eastern Pygmy-Possum, Cercartetus-Nanus (Burramyidae, Marsupialia), in South-Eastern Australia." Australian Journal of Zoology 38, no. 3 (1990): 287. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/zo9900287.
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Populations of Cercartetus nanus were investigated in three areas of Victoria: two areas of Banksia woodland at Wilsons Promontory National Park and an area of mixed eucalypt forest with an under- storey of B. spinulosa at Nar Nar Goon North, east of Melbourne. Most births occurred between November and March, but in areas where the dominant Banksia sp. flowered in winter they took place year-round. Most females produced two litters in a year, but some produced three. Males were reproductively active throughout the year. Litter sizes ranged from two to six, with a modal size of four. Pouch life lasted 30 days and weaning occurred at 65 days. Growth was rapid, young became independent immediately after weaning, and matured as early as 4.5-5.0 months old. Maximum longevity in the field was at least 4 years.
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Wallis, R. L., and H. Brunner. "Changes in mammalian prey of foxes, Vulpes vulpes (Carnivora: Vanidae) over 12 years in a forest park near Melbourne, Victoria." Australian Mammalogy 10, no. 1 (January 1, 1987): 43–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/am87010.
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McDougall, Keith L., and John W. Morgan. "Establishment of native grassland vegetation at Organ Pipes National Park near Melbourne, Victoria: Vegetation changes from 1989 to 2003." Ecological Management and Restoration 6, no. 1 (April 2005): 34–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1442-8903.2005.00217.x.
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Moore, Benjamin D., Graeme Coulson, and Sarah Way. "Habitat selection by adult female eastern grey kangaroos." Wildlife Research 29, no. 5 (2002): 439. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr01057.
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We determined patterns of habitat selection in the winter–spring period by adult female eastern grey kangaroos (Macropus giganteus) at Yan Yean Reservoir Catchment near Melbourne, Victoria, during 1994–95. We assessed habitat selection at two levels by radio-tracking 11 adult female kangaroos. The 95% isopleth harmonic mean home-range size (mean = 62.3 ha) was the smallest recorded for female eastern grey kangaroos. No range encompassed all of the habitat types available in the study area, and the mix and rankings of habitats selected at this level varied amongst individuals when compared by compositional analysis with available habitats. Selection of habitats at the within-range level also varied among individuals and differed between night and day for many individuals, but not for the population mean. Individuals selected strongly for good foraging habitat within their ranges. In particular, grassy clearings were used by all individuals and were selected strongly by day, night or at both times.
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Chessman, Bruce C., Nina Bate, Peter A. Gell, and Peter Newall. "A diatom species index for bioassessment of Australian rivers." Marine and Freshwater Research 58, no. 6 (2007): 542. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf06220.
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The Diatom Index for Australian Rivers (DIAR), originally developed at the genus level, was reformulated at the species level with data from diatom sampling of rivers in the Australian Capital Territory, New South Wales, Queensland, South Australia and Victoria. The resulting Diatom Species Index for Australian Rivers (DSIAR) was significantly correlated with the ARCE (Assessment of River Condition, Environment) index developed in the Australian National Land and Water Resources Audit (NLWRA), and with nine of the ARCE’s constituent indices and sub-indices, across 395 river reaches in south-eastern Australia. These correlations were generally stronger than those shown by the biological index that was used to assess river condition in the NLWRA, the ARCB (Assessment of River Condition, Biota) index based on macroinvertebrates and the Australian River Assessment System (AUSRIVAS). At a finer spatial scale, DSIAR was strongly and significantly correlated with measures of catchment urbanisation for streams in the eastern suburbs of Melbourne, Victoria. DSIAR scores across south-eastern Australia bore little relationship to the latitude, longitude or altitude of sampling sites, suggesting that DSIAR is not greatly affected by macro-geographical position. In addition, DSIAR scores did not vary greatly among small-scale hydraulic environments within a site. DSIAR appears to have potential as a broad-scale indicator of human influences on Australian rivers, especially the effects of agricultural and urban land use, and also for impact studies at a local scale. Further evaluation is warranted to test the sensitivity of the index to natural variables such as catchment geology, and to assess its performance in northern, western and inland Australia.
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Chappill, J., PY Ladiges, and D. Boland. "Eucalyptus Aromaphloia Pryor & Willis ̵1 a Redefinition of Geographical and Morphological Boundaries." Australian Journal of Botany 34, no. 4 (1986): 395. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/bt9860395.
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Adult and seedling morphological data collected for 37 populations referred to Eucalyptus aromaphloia Pryor & Willis have been analysed using a range of multivariate classification and ordination techniques. The analysis of adult leaf, bud and fruit morphology revealed only a subtle pattern of geographical variation of limited diagnostic significance. Differentiation in terms of seedling morphology was more marked, and four groups were identified. A relatively high incidence of character segregation in progeny from individual trees was observed and.the implications of this are discussed. Two of the four groups encompass seedlings with non-glaucous, narrow juvenile leaves and round stems. The first group comprises populations from the Little Desert and the Grampian Ranges west of the Mt William Range. The juvenile leaves are linear, sessile for many nodes and often become falcate after 15-20 nodes. The second group is a single population from east of Rylstone, north-west of Sydney. The juvenile leaves are lanceolate and become petiolate but not falcate after the 15th leaf node. This population was previously referred to E. corticosa L. Johnson. The third group is similar to the type of E. aromaphloia and populations were found only in west- central Victoria, from the Mt William Range in the Grampians east to the Brisbane Range near Melbourne. Seedlings are characterised by round stems and ovate, glaucous juvenile leaves that are sessile or subsessile for many leaf nodes. Thus E. aromaphloia s. str. has a more restricted distribution than previously described. The fourth group comprises populations from eastern Victoria where the juvenile leaves are non- glaucous, broad-lanceolate, distinctly petiolate by the 11th node and the stems are often square.
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Long, K., AJ Robley, and K. Lovett. "Immediate post-release survival of eastern barred bandicoots Perameles gunnii at Woodlands Historic Park, Victoria, with reference to fox activity." Australian Mammalogy 27, no. 1 (2005): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/am05017.
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On mainland Australia, eastern barred bandicoots (Perameles gunnii) are now restricted to a single wild population at Hamilton in western Victoria, and recovery efforts are focussed on establishing new populations at reintroduction sites. The success in founding these populations has been variable, and post-release survival has not been accurately quantified. It is believed that predation by the red fox (Vulpes vulpes) is largely responsible for post-release loss of P. gunnii, despite the implementation of predator control programs at release sites. An intensive fox control program was established to protect 10 released P. gunnii at Woodlands Historic Park, near Melbourne. Monitoring of fox activity was undertaken prior to and after the release in an attempt to better understand the effectiveness of control operations. Seven bandicoots were known to be alive at the conclusion of the study five weeks after their release (and an additional animal was trapped four months later), with weight loss appearing to be an important factor in determining post-release survival. Despite constant levels of bait-take by V. vulpes, fox activity measured from sand-pads remained high. We hypothesise that the presence of suitable refugia is allowing the persistence of a low-density bandicoot population at Woodlands despite constant, high levels of fox activity.
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ALLSOPP, PETER G., and PETER J. HUDSON. "Novapus bifidus Carne, 1957, a primary homonym and synonym of Novapus bifidus Lea, 1910 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae)." Zootaxa 4560, no. 3 (February 26, 2019): 576. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4560.3.9.
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In his landmark revision of the Australian Dynastinae (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) Phil Carne (1957) described Novapus bifidus Carne, 1957 from males and females collected at Cape York and Thursday Island. The type series is in the Australian National Insect Collection, Canberra, Australia (ANIC); the Natural History Museum, London, United Kingdom; the South Australian Museum, Adelaide, Australia (SAM); and the Museum of Victoria, Melbourne, Australia. He noted “In the collections of the South Australian Museum there are specimens designated as types of bifidus Lea. No description of this species has been published, and it is now described under the same specific name”. One of his paratypes is a female in SAM identified as “Lea’s unpublished ♀ type” and two other paratypes are males in SAM. Cassis & Weir (1992) noted that one of the SAM specimens has the registration number I4268, although they knew of only two paratypes (one male, one female) in that collection. The name has been attributed to Carne by most subsequent authors (Endrődi 1974, 1985; Carne & Allsopp 1987; Cassis & Weir 1992; Dechambre 2005; Atlas of Living Australia 2018.). Krajcik (2005, 2012) listed it in his scarab checklists but as “bifidus? Carne 1957”.
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Steele, William K., and Michael A. Weston. "The assemblage of birds struck by aircraft differs among nearby airports in the same bioregion." Wildlife Research 48, no. 5 (2021): 422. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr20127.
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Abstract ContextBird–aircraft collisions impose an economic cost and safety risk, yet ecological studies that inform bird hazard management are few, and to date no study has formally compared species’ strike profiles across airports. In response to strike risks, airports have implemented customised management on an airport-by-airport basis, based on the assumption that strike risk stems from prevailing local circumstances. We tested this assumption by comparing a decade of wildlife–aircraft strikes at three airports situated in the same bioregion (likely to have similar fauna) of Victoria, Australia. AimTo compare the assemblage of wildlife struck by aircraft at three major airports in the same bioregion. MethodStandardised wildlife strike data were analysed from three airports (Avalon, Melbourne and Essendon Airports), in the Victorian Volcanic Plains bioregion, central Victoria, Australia. Ten discrete 1-year sampling periods from each airport were compared, spanning the period 2009–19. Bird data were comparable, and data on mammals were considered less reliable, so emphasis was placed on birds in the present study. ResultsIn total, 580 bird strikes were analysed, with the most commonly struck species being Australian magpie (Cracticus tibicen; 16.7%), Eurasian skylark (Alauda arvensis; 12.2%), Australian pipit (Anthus australis; 12.1%), masked lapwing (Vanellus miles; 5.9%), nankeen kestrel (Falco cenchroides; 5.0%), house sparrow (Passer domesticus; 4.8%), welcome swallow (Hirundo neoxena; 4.3%) and tree martin (Petrochelidon nigricans; 4.0%). The assemblage of birds struck by aircraft over the decade of study differed between airports. The most commonly struck species drove the assemblage differences between airports. Conclusions and implicationsIn the present study system, airports experienced discrete strike risk profiles, even though they are in the same bioregion. The airports examined differed in terms of air traffic movement rates, aircraft types, landscape context and bird hazard management effort. Given that strike risks profiles differ among airports, customised management at each airport, as is currently the case, is supported.
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Cooke, R., R. Wallis, F. Hogan, J. White, and A. Webster. "The diet of powerful owls (Ninox strenua) and prey availability in a continuum of habitats from disturbed urban fringe to protected forest environments in south-eastern Australia." Wildlife Research 33, no. 3 (2006): 199. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr05058.
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This study investigates the diet of six breeding pairs of powerful owls in the Yarra Valley Corridor in Victoria, Australia, and compares prey consumption with prey availability. The six sites represent a continuum of habitats, ranging from urban Melbourne, through the urban fringe interface to a more forested landscape. We found that powerful owls in the Yarra Valley Corridor are reliant almost exclusively on arboreal marsupial prey as their preferred diet, with 99% of their overall diet comprising four arboreal marsupial species. These four species (the common ringtail possum, common brushtail possum, sugar glider and greater glider) were also the most abundant species observed while spotlighting; however, their abundance varied along the continuum. There was a strong positive relationship with the presence of these species in the diet and their site-specific availability, indicating that the powerful owl is a generalist hunter, preying on the most available prey at a given site and in a given season. This study suggests that food resources are high in these disturbed urban fringe sites and it is unlikely that food availability in urban environments will limit the potential survival of urban powerful owls.
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Indsto, James O., Peter H. Weston, Mark A. Clements, Adrian G. Dyer, Michael Batley, and Robert J. Whelan. "Pollination of Diuris maculata (Orchidaceae) by male Trichocolletes venustus bees." Australian Journal of Botany 54, no. 7 (2006): 669. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/bt05146.
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In a previous study, the Australian terrestrial orchid Diuris maculata sensu lato, from a site near Melbourne in Victoria, was suggested to be a floral mimic of several sympatric legume species. The widespread distribution of this orchid species (or species complex) suggests that there may be a number of different model and pollinator species throughout this range, and that additional studies are necessary to characterise its pollination adequately. In this study, the pollination of D. maculata in the Sydney region, mainly at Scheyville National Park, was compared with the results previously obtained in Victoria. At Scheyville National Park, Trichocolletes venustus was the only native bee species found in significant numbers, and the flowers it visited were almost exclusively the legumes Hardenbergia violacea and Daviesia ulicifolia ssp. ulicifolia. Fifty per cent (14 of 28) of captured male bees carried D. maculata orchid pollinaria, or remnants, which were identified by AFLP fingerprinting. Female bees, which appeared about 10–14 days after males, were not observed visiting the orchid or carrying orchid pollinaria. We confirmed that D. maculata flowers lack nectar, and noted that the pea-like flowers possess an UV false nectar guide comparable to the true UV nectar guide of the legume flowers. Colorimetric analysis showed the colour separation between D. ulicifolia ssp. ulicifolia and the orchid is small enough to be likely to produce foraging errors, consistent with mimicry. We conclude that guild mimicry of a diversity of ‘egg and bacon’ legumes best explains the pollination of D. maculata s.l., rather than precise mimicry of any one pea species. Preliminary observations suggest that pea-flower mimicry may range from being highly precise in some species, through to being much more generalised, but still retaining elements of mimicry. The novel finding of comparable UV patterns in Diuris species and putative pea models applies to most species in the genus and we found that the rare D. aequalis shows remarkable similarity in colour, shape and UV patterns to the sympatric legume Gompholobium huegelii, and is likely to be a mimic of this species.
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Walsh, Christopher J. "Biological indicators of stream health using macroinvertebrate assemblage composition: a comparison of sensitivity to an urban gradient." Marine and Freshwater Research 57, no. 1 (2006): 37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf05041.
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Biological indicators are increasingly being used as integrative measures of ecosystem health in streams, particularly indicators using macroinvertebrate assemblage composition. Several indicators of this type have been advocated, including biotic indices based on taxa sensitivities, richness indices and ratios of observed to expected taxa from models predicting assemblage composition in streams with little human impact (O/E scores). The present study aimed to compare the sensitivity of indicators of each of these types (all used for legislated objectives for stream protection in Victoria, Australia) to a gradient of urban disturbance in 16 streams in a small area in eastern Melbourne. The biotic index SIGNAL and number of Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera or Trichoptera families were the most sensitive indicators, whereas total number of families and O/E scores from Australian river assessment system (AUSRIVAS) models were least sensitive. Differences in sensitivity were not the result of sampling or taxonomic inadequacies. AUSRIVAS and similar models might be improved by using only predictor variables that are not affected by human impacts and by sounder approaches to model selection. Insensitivities of indicators and misclassification of sites by the Victorian objectives show that assessment of indicators against disturbance gradients is critical for setting management objectives based on biological indicators.
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Wilson, B. A. "The Distribution and Status of The New Holland Mouse, Pseudomys novaehollandiae (Waterhouse 1843) In Victoria." Australian Mammalogy 19, no. 1 (1996): 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/am96031.
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The New Holland Mouse (Pseudomys novaehollandiae) is an endangered species in Victoria. The aims of this study were to determine the present distribution of the species and to identify processes and habitat modification that threaten the species future status. Survey trapping was carried out in areas where P. novaehollandiae had been recorded previously. The species is in a demonstrable state of decline, and there is evidence that it has been lost from at least three and possibly six localities in the past 10-16 years. The species decline appears to have resulted from a combination of systematic factors, the most important of which is habitat loss due to clearing of native vegetation, and the subsequent fragmentation of populations. Altered fire regimes and the consequent changes to the productivity of vegetation and the diet of the species are also likely to be important factors. The areas where P. novaehollandiae remains extant Anglesea, Loch Sport, Providence Ponds, Wilson's Promontory and possibly Mullungdung now assume much greater importance. Critical habitat should be identified and managed. While research questions concerning the population dynamics of the species and threats to its survival remain unanswered, management actions are required immediately. These include monitoring known populations, ensuring protection of habitats, identifying potential habitat and determining suitable management regimes.
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Longman, Alan. "L. J. Webb & J. Kikkawa (eds). 1990. Australian tropical rainforests. Science - Values - Meaning. CSIRO Publications, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, ix + 185 pages. ISBN 0-643-05055-8. Price: $55.00 (hardback)." Journal of Tropical Ecology 7, no. 2 (May 1991): 200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266467400005344.
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Marks, Clive A., Frank Busana, and Frank Gigliotti. "Assessment of the M-44 ejector for the delivery of 1080 for red fox (Vulpes vulpes) control." Wildlife Research 26, no. 1 (1999): 101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr98014.
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The M-44 ejector delivered a reliable lethal dose of 1080 (sodium monofluoroacetate) to captive foxes, with a capsule dose of 2.0 mg of 1080, if a ‘collar’ modification was used. Behavioural observations indicated that the collar influenced the orientation of the fox’s mouth to the M-44 bait upon activation, resulting in a much greater amount of 1080 entering its mouth. This dose is below the 3 mg currently used in fox baits in Victoria and may increase the margin of safety for non-target species during 1080 baiting programs. The authors discuss some of the potential advantages of the ejector over the use of meat baits, such as the elimination of bait caching and improved target specificity. The potential for the M-44 to deliver an even lower lethal dose of 1080, which is closer to the reported theoretical bait LD100 of 1.25 mg for this species, may further reduce the risk of 1080 baiting to non-target species such as tiger quolls.
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Marks, CA, M. Nijk, F. Gigliotti, F. Busana, and RV Short. "Preliminary Field Assessment of a Cabergoline Baiting Campaign for Reproductive Control of the Red Fox (Vulpes Vulpes)." Wildlife Research 23, no. 2 (1996): 161. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr9960161.
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The use of poison baiting in Australia to control foxes is impractical in urban areas and some wildlife reserves because of hazards to non-target animals. More acceptable methods of fox control in such environments are needed. Cabergoline is a dopamine agonist that has previously been demonstrated to have an abortifacient effect in cats (Felis catus) and dogs (Canis familiaris). The prolactin-inhibiting action of cabergoline may also result in cessation of lactation. Cabergoline has been shown to be completely palatable to foxes and is easily incorporated into a non-poisonous bait. The ability of bait-delivered cabergoline to effect the birth of viable fox cubs was tested in urban Melbourne and rural Bendigo, Victoria. A sample of 51 natal dens were chosen for this study on the basis that they had been active for 3 consecutive years (1991-93). 30 treatment dens were randomly selected and each treated once during August and again during September 1994 with 8 non-poisonous Foxoff baits containing 170 micro g of cabergoline and 200 mg of tetracycline to act as a biomarker. The remaining 21 dens were used as controls. Baits were randomly placed by burial within a 50-m radius of the den. Activity of all dens was assessed until December 1994 for direct/indirect signs of fox cubs. Bait uptake was >88% overall for the treatment dens. The resulting incidence of cubs was significantly lower in the treatment dens than in the controls. The potential for cabergoline to be used in urban areas and island populations as an adjunct to conventional control methods is discussed.
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Serena, M., J. L. Thomas, G. A. Williams, and R. C. E. Officer. "Use of stream and river habitats by the platypus, Ornithorhynchus anatinus, in an urban fringe environment." Australian Journal of Zoology 46, no. 3 (1998): 267. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/zo98034.
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Radio-telemetry was used to monitor movements and burrow usage by O. anatinus living in the Yarra River catchment, about 20 km east-north-east of the central business district of Melbourne, Victoria. The home ranges of six adult or subadult animals were 2.9–7.3 km (mean ± s.d. = 4.6 ± 1.6 km) long, with individuals travelling up to 10.4 km (males) and 4.0 km (females) in a single overnight period. The mean home-range length of adult/subadult animals was significantly greater than that of juveniles (1.4–1.7 km, mean ± s.d. = 1.55 ± 0.2 km, n = 2). The animals utilised two drainage channels as well as 11.8 km of natural waterways, including the Yarra River (5 km), Mullum Mullum Creek (4 km) and Diamond Creek (2.8 km). Several animals travelled repeatedly below one-lane and two-lane bridges, confirming that these structures are not inherent barriers to platypus movement. In total, 57 platypus burrows were described, including 26 along the river, 29 along the creeks and 2 along drains. The horizontal distance from the water’s edge to burrow chambers was 0.4–3.7 m (mean ± s.d. = 1.5 ± 0.9 m, n = 41), with burrows found only in banks extending ≥ 0.5 m above the water. Platypus burrows occurred significantly more often than expected along undercut banks and in association with moderate-to-dense vegetation overhanging the water, and significantly less often at sites where banks had a convex profile at water level. As well, the amount of cover provided along the bank by shrubs/small trees and the ground layer of vegetation was significantly greater than expected at platypus burrows along the river. These attributes are believed to help conceal burrow entrances from predators as well as reduce burrow damage through erosion.
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Williams, B. "Adaptations to Endoparasitism in the Larval Integument and Respiratory System of the Flea Uropsylla-Tasmanica Rothschild (Siphonaptera, Pygiopsyllidae)." Australian Journal of Zoology 39, no. 1 (1991): 77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/zo9910077.
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An histological study of flea larvae was carried out in order to compare free-living larvae with the unique endoparasitic larva of Uropsylla tasmanica, a species found on marsupial cats in Tasmania and Victoria, Australia. The free-living species examined were the cat flea Ctenocephalides felis, and Odontopsyllus quirosi. Body shape in U. tasmanica is adapted to endoparasitism; the anterior segments are greatly expanded and the abdominal segments are reduced from ten to eight. This reduction brings the last abdominal spiracle (8), to the posterior end of the larva, allowing better access to oxygen from the atmosphere. Possible evolutionary steps in this modification are suggested. Third-instar U. tasmanica have non-functional prothoracic spiracles and the metathoracic spiracles are either non-functional or absent. All three instars of C. felis are peripneustic, and third-instar O. quirosi larvae are holopneustic. Contrary to previous ideas, the respiratory systems of flea larvae do not provide exceptions to the generalisations that in holometabolous insect larvae the metathoracic spiracle is nearly always non-functional, and, that functional and non-functional spiracles coexist in these larvae. Features in U. tasmanica convergent with those of endoparasitic, saprophagous and aquatic fly larvae are discussed.
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Davis, Naomi E., Graeme Coulson, and David M. Forsyth. "Diets of native and introduced mammalian herbivores in shrub-encroached grassy woodland, south-eastern Australia." Wildlife Research 35, no. 7 (2008): 684. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr08042.
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Effective management of sympatric mammalian herbivore populations requires an understanding of interspecific interactions. At Wilsons Promontory National Park, Victoria, sympatric native and introduced mammalian herbivores are thought to be contributing to modification of shrub-encroached Coastal Grassy Woodland. We estimated the diets of the five terrestrial mammalian herbivore species present using microhistological techniques. The diets of introduced hog deer (Axis porcinus) and native swamp wallabies (Wallabia bicolor) consisted mainly of dicots. The diet of introduced European rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) contained similar proportions of monocots and dicots. The diets of native eastern grey kangaroos (Macropus giganteus) and native common wombats (Vombatus ursinus) consisted mainly of monocots but kangaroos also consumed moderate amounts of dicots. Deer and wallabies consumed more native plants than did the other species and rabbits consumed more exotic plants than did all other species except kangaroos. Diet breadth was narrowest for kangaroos and broadest for swamp wallabies and hog deer. Overlap in food use by the five herbivores was high, particularly between deer and wallabies, and between kangaroos and both rabbits and wombats. Our results suggest that the potential impacts of native and introduced species on the vegetation of Coastal Grassy Woodland are similar, and that the entire herbivore assemblage will need to be managed to increase fine fuel loads if fire is used as a restoration tool.
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Weihaupt, John G., Frans G. Van Der Hoeven, Claude Lorius, and Frederick B. Chambers. "Origin(s) of Antarctica's Wilkes Subglacial Basin." Antarctic Science 26, no. 4 (December 16, 2013): 377–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954102013000746.
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AbstractThe Wilkes Subglacial Basin (WSB), the largest subglacial basin in East Antarctica, is a topographic depression of continental proportions that lies beneath the East Antarctic continental ice sheet. Discovered by the US Victoria Land Traverse 1959–60, the origin of the WSB and the influence of palaeoclimate on its overlying continental ice sheet have remained uncertain since the time of its discovery. Most explanations of origin favour lithospheric structural control as a function of tectonic activity. Lithospheric flexure due to thermally or isostatically induced uplift of the Transantarctic Mountains was suggested in the 1980s. Lithospheric extension and rifting was proposed in the 1990s. More recent investigations have revealed the presence of fold and thrust belts, casting doubt on flexural and extensional hypotheses as the primary mechanisms, suggesting instead a compressional scenario. While remaining inconclusive, these tectonic mechanisms in one form or another, or in combination, are now believed to have provided the structural control for the origin of the WSB. Not yet comprehensively examined, however, is the role of non-tectonic processes in the formation of the WSB, as they may have influenced the size, configuration, subglacial sedimentation and subglacial topography of the WSB. In this paper we review the tectonic hypotheses and examine post-tectonic climate change along with glacial and marine processes as potentially significant factors in the present condition and configuration of the WSB. In the process, we find that there are a number of features not included in previous investigations that may have been major factors in the modification of the subglacial basin.
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Dawson, Samantha L., Jeffrey M. Craig, Gerard Clarke, Mohammadreza Mohebbi, Phillip Dawson, Mimi LK Tang, and Felice N. Jacka. "Targeting the Infant Gut Microbiota Through a Perinatal Educational Dietary Intervention: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial." JMIR Research Protocols 8, no. 10 (October 21, 2019): e14771. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/14771.
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Background The early life gut microbiota are an important regulator of the biological pathways contributing toward the pathogenesis of noncommunicable disease. It is unclear whether improvements to perinatal diet quality could alter the infant gut microbiota. Objective The aim of this study is to assess the efficacy of a perinatal educational dietary intervention in influencing gut microbiota in mothers and infants 4 weeks after birth. Methods The Healthy Parents, Healthy Kids randomized controlled trial aimed to recruit 90 pregnant women from Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. At week 26 of gestation, women were randomized to receive dietary advice from their doctor (n=45), or additionally receive a dietary intervention (n=45). The intervention included an educational workshop and 2 support calls aiming to align participants’ diets with the Australian Dietary Guidelines and increase intakes of prebiotic and probiotic foods. The educational design focused on active learning and self-assessment. Behavior change techniques were used to support dietary adherence, and the target behavior was eating for the gut microbiota. Exclusion criteria were age under 18 years, diagnosed mental illnesses, obesity, diabetes mellitus, diagnosed bowel conditions, exclusion diets, illicit drug use, antibiotic use, prebiotic or probiotic supplementation, and those lacking dietary autonomy. The primary outcome measure is a between-group difference in alpha diversity in infant stool collected 4 weeks after birth. Secondary outcomes include evaluating the efficacy of the intervention in influencing infant and maternal stool microbial composition and short chain fatty acid concentrations, epigenetic profile, and markers of inflammation and stress, as well as changes in maternal dietary intake and well-being. The study and intervention feasibility and acceptance will also be evaluated as secondary outcomes. Results The study results are yet to be written. The first participant was enrolled on July 28, 2016, and the final follow-up assessment was completed on October 11, 2017. Conclusions Data from this study will provide new insights regarding the ability of interventions targeting the perinatal diet to alter the maternal and infant gut microbiota. If this intervention is proven, our findings will support larger studies aiming to guide the assembly of gut microbiota in early life. Trial Registration Australian Clinical Trials Registration Number ACTRN12616000936426; https://www.anzctr.org.au/Trial/Registration/TrialReview.aspx?id=370939 International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/14771
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Vent, W. "DUNCAN, B. D. & ISAAC, G., Farns and Allied Plants of Victoria, Tasmania and South Australia. XII + 258 S. mit 49 Farbfotos auf 8 Tafeln sowie zahlreichen Schwarzweißfotos, Strichzeichnungen und Verbreitungskarten. University Press, Melbourne, 1986. ISBN 0-522-84262 3. Preis geb. m. Schutzumschlag £ 25.–." Feddes Repertorium 99, no. 7-8 (August 1988): 248. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/fedr.4910990703.
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Yallamas, Lisa. "Safer Gardens: Plant Flammability and Planning for FireLesleyCorbett. Australian Scholarly Publishing, North Melbourne, Victoria, 2021. Paperback Price: AUD$55.00 or e‐book: AUD$15.08 (ISBN: 978‐1‐922454‐60‐7 (Paperback). ISBN: 978‐1‐922454‐61‐4 (e‐book)." Ecological Management & Restoration 23, no. 1 (January 2022): 105–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/emr.12548.
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Franco, Julia A., and John W. Morgan. "Using historical records, aerial photography and dendroecological methods to determine vegetation changes in a grassy woodland since European settlement." Australian Journal of Botany 55, no. 1 (2007): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/bt06092.
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By using historical records, aerial photography and dendroecological methods, we assessed the vegetation changes that have occurred in a grassy-woodland landscape at Inverleigh, Victoria, since 1850. Land managers have perceived that encroachment by native shrubs such as Acacia paradoxa DC. has occurred in woodlands in the area after their reservation for conservation following a long period of stock grazing, but data are needed to place these recent changes in context. The vegetation has passed through three management phases since early European settlement and these have contributed to the present vegetation patterns. The area was (1) initially set aside as a timber reserve at the time of European settlement and was periodically grazed by stock. (2) Logging, plantation forestry and stock grazing regimes caused large-scale disturbances to the understorey vegetation during the early 1900s and continued to the 1980s. In the 1970s, disturbances caused by recreational activities intensified the vegetation modification. During this time, the vegetation changed from an open woodland to denser, shrubbier woodland. Most soil disturbances ceased when (3) the area was declared a flora reserve in 1988. Evidence suggests that with the cessation of these disturbances, populations of the native shrub Acacia paradoxa increased dramatically, reducing the tree-gap area significantly. The major increase occurred from 1974 to 2002 when the area of tree gap declined by 38%. Age-class analyses suggested that most (>80%) of the A. paradoxa population is less than 25 years old, but plants may be able to live beyond 60 years. Logistic regression modelling suggested that distance to closest track influences present-day A. paradoxa distribution, as does soil moisture. This suggests that the soil disturbance from grading tracks and vehicle movements may be facilitating both the spread and initial establishment of A. paradoxa, particularly on soils of higher soil-moisture holding capacity. Strategies for future woodland management must consider how the current vegetation dynamics reflect past land-use history, and land managers must choose appropriate goals for biodiversity conservation in the light of these changes.
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Laidlaw, W. Scott, and Barbara A. Wilson. "Habitat utilisation by small mammals in a coastal heathland exhibiting symptoms of Phytophthora cinnamomi infestation." Wildlife Research 33, no. 8 (2006): 639. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr05080.
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Phytophthora cinnamomi is a soil-inhabiting ‘water mould’ that is pathogenic to many native plant species in Australia, and has been shown to alter plant species abundance and richness, as well as the structure of vegetation in sclerophyllous vegetation. This study investigated the effects of P. cinnamomi-induced vegetation disturbance and habitat degradation on microhabitat associations of small mammals in a coastal heathland in southern Australia. Seven small mammal species were trapped in a P. cinnamomi-infested heathland community over four years. Trap stations were classified into three disease classes (non-diseased, active disease and post-disease) and structural and floristic aspects of the vegetation were recorded at each station. The mean number of species captured was greatest in non-diseased areas and least in post-disease areas. The total capture frequency of small mammals was lower in post-disease areas except where they were covered by thick stands of tall tea-tree (Leptospermum sp.). Combined small mammal captures were associated with thick vegetation and floristic factors. Captures of Antechinus agilis, Rattus fuscipes, Rattus lutreolus and Sminthopsis leucopus were greatest in non-diseased vegetation and were less frequent in areas of diseased vegetation. A. agilis and R. fuscipes captures were correlated with a floristic factor associated with non-diseased vegetation, while R. lutreolus was associated with structural factors, preferring thick vegetation. The impact on Cercartetus nanus and Isoodon obesulus could not be assessed owing to low captures of these species. Modification of vegetation structure and floristics associated with P. cinnamomi infestation is having a significant impact on the habitat utilised by the small mammal communities in the area. This impact highlights the need to identify and protect those areas that remain free of P. cinnamomi infestation. Continued spread of the pathogen will reduce the area of suitable small-mammal habitat able to support the diverse communities of the eastern Otway Ranges, Victoria, Australia.
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Lopes, Diniz, and Margarida Garrido. "Atas do IX Simpósio Nacional de Investigação em Psicologia." PSICOLOGIA 31, no. 2 (November 21, 2017): 137. http://dx.doi.org/10.17575/rpsicol.v31i2.1348.
Full textAbstract:
Atas do IX Simpósio Nacional de Investigação em PsicologiaUniversidade do Algarve, 2016 Gestão da ansiedade na adaptação ao ensino superior: O contributo do biofeedback (pp. 137-141)Paulo Chaló, Anabela Pereira, Luís Sancho e Helena Mateus Health promotion through the modification of harmful habits and lifestyles (pp. 142-146)Pedro Matos Gonçalves, Orlindo Gouveia Pereira e Susana Machado Mendes Reflexividade ética na carreira: Papel de variáveis sociodemográficas (pp. 147-150)Cátia Marques, Ana Daniela Silva e Maria do Céu Taveira Capacidade de planeamento no envelhecimento saudável: O nível educacional interessa? (pp. 151-154)Beatriz Rosa, Maria Victoria Perea, Valentina Ladera Fernandez e Ricardo García Influência da escolaridade dos pais no prestígio do curso universitário escolhido pelos filhos (pp. 155-158)Jaisso Vautero, Ana Daniela Silva, Cátia Marques e Maria do Céu Taveira The importance of neurocognitive factors in the adoption of risky driving behavior: A comprehensive review (pp. 159-164)Sara Moreira, Diana Moreira e Fernando Barbosa O impacto da tensão trabalho-família e a sua relação com o compromisso organizacional (pp. 165-170)Lucília Abreu e Marta Alves Genograma da carreira: Análise de dissertações de doutoramento (pp. 171-175)Bruna Rodrigues, Sílvia Amado Cordeiro, Íris M. Oliveira, Ana Daniela Silva, Cátia Marques e Maria do Céu Taveira A avaliação da eficácia de um programa de desenvolvimento de competências para a vida junto de adolescentes em acolhimento residencial (pp. 176-179)Laura Santos, Maria do Rosário Pinheiro, Cristina Velho e Carla Palaio Um programa online de mindfulness: Efeitos na regulação emocional, stress e bem-estar (pp. 180-191)Cláudia Ramos, Sónia P. Gonçalves e Vasco Gaspar More socially responsible, more ethical, more attractive as a future employer? Contributes of corporate social performance and ethical reputation for the attraction of future employees (pp. 192-197)Ana Patrícia Duarte, Vítor Hugo Silva, Eduardo Simões e José Gonçalves das Neves Complexidade da conceção de parentalidade em famílias adotivas (pp. 198-201)Lília Silva, Cristina Nunes e Ana Susana Almeida O papel da felicidade na relação entre a liderança autêntica e a criatividade (pp. 202-209)Neuza Ribeiro, Ana Suzete Semedo e Arnaldo Coelho When a relationship of intimacy turns into homicide: About a case study (pp. 210-220)Andreia Azeredo, Diana Moreira e Fernando Almeida Onde estão as árvores? Análise exploratória de mapas mentais de um Campus universitário (pp. 221-226)Joana Bizarro, Gabriela Gonçalves, Catarina Silva, Patrícia Silva e Jacinta Fernandes O que pode fazer António? Os serviços de saúde mental nos processos de integração comunitária (pp. 227-231)Maria F. Jorge-Monteiro e José Ornelas Estudo da relação entre a confiança grupal e a satisfação dos membros numa perspetiva longitudinal e dinâmica (pp. 232-236)Ana Isabel de Gouveia Rente, Paulo Renato, Teresa Rebelo e Isabel Dimas Ser estudante de doutoramento: A relação de orientação e a perceção de desenvolvimento pessoal (pp. 237-242)José Simões e Madalena Melo Estudo inicial de adaptação e validação da Decision-Specific Reinvestment Scale numa amostra de atletas Portugueses (pp. 243-249)José Fernando Cruz, Patrícia Simões, Rui Sofia e Francisco J. Rodrigues Obesidade na adolescência: O papel da actividade física nas funções executivas (pp. 250-253)Fátima Gameiro, Beatriz Rosa e António Palmeira Observação de Bullying: Avaliação, sensibilidade moral e motivação para ajudar as vítimas (pp. 254-260)Sónia Pereira e Madalena Melo Relação entre cronótipo e desempenho escolar em estudantes portugueses dos 2.º e 3.º ciclos do ensino básico: Resultados preliminares (pp. 261-267)José Martins e Marco Miguel Bento Promoção da literacia emergente à luz do modelo Response to Intervention (RTI) (pp. 268-277)Marco Bento, Diana Alves, Orlanda Cruz e Ana Paula Silva Estudantes Cabo-Verdianas em Portugal: Novos perfis migratórios (pp. 278-285)Luciana Soares e Conceição Nogueira Uma perspectiva ecológica sobre o papel da qualidade da casa e da escolha na promoção do recovery e da integração comunitária no programa Casas Primeiro – Lisboa (pp. 286-291)Paulo Martins e José Ornelas “Dream Teens”: os jovens na promoção da saúde do seu grupo de pares (pp. 292-296)Cátia Branquinho, Margarida Gaspar de Matos e Projeto Aventura Social Dream Teens O recurso à suspensão provisória do processo em crimes de violência doméstica: Perceções e decisões dos/as magistrados/as (pp. 297-300)Sofia Jamal e Celina Manita The role of independent housing and working in the promotion of personal empowerment in people with mental illness (pp. 301-307)Luis Sá Fernandes e José Ornelas Sentimento de culpa e o suporte social no autocuidado das cuidadoras informais familiares (pp. 308-312)Lisneti Castro, Dayse Neri de Souza, Anabela Pereira, Evelyn Santos, Roselane Lomeo, Laurinda Mendes, Helena Teixeira, Cláudio Guimarães, Maria do Céu Ferreira e Ana Catarina Leite A Perturbação de Stresse Pós-Traumático (PTSD) em Portugal: Relação com a estima de si e o coping (pp. 313-319)João Hipólito, Odete Nunes, Rute Brites, Tito Laneiro, António Correia e Carlos Anunciação Sentido psicológico de comunidade: Um estudo multimétodo num contexto associativo (pp. 320-328)Olga Oliveira Cunha e José Henrique Ornelas
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WARNE, MARK T., PETER J. JONES, and LOUIS S. KORNICKER. "Referral of the Halocypridina Thaumatocypris (Miocene, Australia) to the Cladocopina (Ostracoda, Halocyprida)." Zootaxa 1260, no. 1 (July 14, 2006). http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.1260.1.4.
Full textAbstract:
B. K. Nadeau in 1955 identified as Thaumatocypris ostracodes from the middle Miocene Glenample Clay of Victoria, southeastern Australia. Nadeau’s collection of Ostracoda from the Glenample Clay was located in the collections of the Museum of Victoria, Melbourne. Examination of that material indicates that the Glenample Clay specimens attributed by Nadeau to Thaumatocypris belong to Polycope sanctacatherinae Whatley & Downing 1983. As a result, it is concluded that Thaumatocypris has not been collected in the Miocene of Australia. Furthermore, in a broader biostratigraphic/palaeobiogeographic context, the result confirms that no member of the Suborder Halocypridina has been reported so far from the Tertiary Period.