Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Behavior change interventions'
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Taylor, C. A. "Investigating fidelity of health behaviour change interventions in general practice." Thesis, Coventry University, 2012. http://curve.coventry.ac.uk/open/items/961d5cd9-b24d-4b0b-8be5-2010a539b7ab/1.
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The aims of this thesis are to investigate the factors influencing treatment fidelity of health behaviour change (HBC) interventions. The thesis will focus on HBC interventions delivered by practice nurses (PNs) and health care assistants (HCAs) to patients within general practice, although the findings will be explored within the context of the wider treatment fidelity literature. The thesis comprises five studies, focussed on exploring, enhancing and assessing fidelity of delivery and receipt of HBC interventions. Through developing an enhanced understanding of these areas of treatment fidelity, the thesis will also make recommendations for strategies to enhance and assess fidelity of delivery and receipt of future HBC interventions. Study one is a meta-synthesis of qualitative studies that explored the views and experiences of nurses who had delivered HBC interventions with a focus on how this can inform future delivery of HBC interventions. Study two is an Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis of PNs’/HCAs’ experiences of helping patients to change their health behaviours within the context of their routine care, and before and after delivery of an intervention to facilitate increased walking. Study three reports a quantitative assessment of delivery of intervention techniques to facilitate increased walking, as specified in an intervention protocol, by PNs/HCAs. Study four explores PNs’/HCAs’ views and experiences of the factors that influenced their delivery of the walking intervention. Study five investigates treatment receipt, by exploring patients’ understanding of, and experiences of receiving the walking intervention. The key findings from this research are that delivery and receipt of HBC interventions within general practice are influenced by a range of factors that include the providers’ confidence and skills, the patients’ expectations and/or engagement with the intervention and the general practice within which the intervention is delivered. A number of these factors are difficult to influence and so research teams need to develop a range of strategies to enhance delivery and receipt of HBC interventions. These may include appropriate preparation for providers to deliver the intervention, the provision of a simple intervention resource to support delivery of the intervention and the development of strategies to enhance patients’ understanding of intervention techniques.
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Wang, Yunlong [Verfasser]. "Designing Digital Health Interventions for Sedentary Behavior Change / Yunlong Wang." Konstanz : KOPS Universität Konstanz, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1198680180/34.
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Krebs, Paul Michael. "Computerized, tailored, theory-based interventions for health behavior change : a comprehensive meta-analysis /." View online ; access limited to URI, 2007. http://0-digitalcommons.uri.edu.helin.uri.edu/dissertations/AAI3276990.
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Smith, Rhonda Lea. "Examining A Brief Behavior Progress Monitoring Tool's Sensitivity to Change." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/612826.
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Current research suggests schools face many barriers in effectively monitoring student's response to behavioral interventions in the classroom. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the FastBridge - Direct Behavior Rating (FastBridge-DBR), a brief, novel progress monitoring measure, designed to assess student behavioral change in response to a classroom behavioral intervention. Twenty-four elementary teacher-student dyads implemented a daily progress report intervention to promote positive student behavior during pre-specified classroom activities. FastBridge-DBR data were then collected for three target behaviors (i.e., Academic Engagement, Disruptive Behavior, Withdrawal) and compared to Systematic Direct Observation (SDO) data. Five change metrics (i.e., absolute change, percent of change from baseline, improvement rate difference, Tau-U, effect size; Gresham, 2005) were used to examine sensitivity to change. The Usage Rating Profile - Assessment (URP-A) was used to evaluate teacher acceptability of FastBridge-DBR. FastBridge-DBR scores were highly correlated with SDO data, demonstrating evidence of concurrent validity. FastBridge-DBR change metrics were significantly correlated with SDO change metrics. Additionally, while teachers provided high acceptability ratings for FastBridge-DBR, there was a lack of association between teachers' ratings of acceptability and student behavioral change. Implications for practice, study limitations, and areas of future research are discussed.
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Smit, Kyara. "Food waste reduction interventions - Behavior or Practice?" Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för geovetenskaper, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-392542.
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The enormous amount of household food waste in developed countries is a global environmental and climate threat. To reduce household food waste, various behavior change campaigns and interventions are conducted. Most conventional behavior change interventions designed to reduce household food waste are based on the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) and are information heavy. These have shown, however, to not be effective enough to result in a fast and sizable enough decrease of household food waste in developed countries, thus reducing climate and environmental impact in a timely and sizeable enough way. The more systemic, holistic and practically oriented Social Practice Theory (SPT) theoretical framework is proposed by different authors as an alternative to the conventionally used TPB theoretical framework to design (behavior) change interventions. SPT is thought to lead to greater and faster reduction of food waste at the household level and to a general change in the food supply system. Nevertheless, interventions are oftennot created according to their proposed theoretical framework and no “direct” comparison between both theoreticalframeworks at the intervention level has been conducted. This thesis compares two case studies describing food waste reduction interventions, one with a TPB theoretical framework and the other with a SPT theoretical framework. The results show that when considering food waste reduction interventions at the household levels in developed countries the SPT might be a more effective theoretical framework for an intervention design compared to a TPB theoretical framework. Specifically, the SPT theoretical framework includes more relevant system stakeholders in the intervention creation leading to a more context specific design. Additionally, the emphasis of actual “doing” in an intervention based on an SPT theoretical framework createsa potential for more long-term change, compared to a TPB theoretical framework. However, this thesis also suggests that merging of the two theories should be further research and discussed, because of the potential greater effectiveness in actual food waste reduction.
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Lhakhang, Pempa [Verfasser]. "Health Behavior Change: Effects of Motivation, Self-Regulation, and Incentive-Based Interventions / Pempa Lhakhang." Berlin : Freie Universität Berlin, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1084634643/34.
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Karppinen, P. (Pasi). "Studying user experience of health behavior change support systems:a qualitative approach to individuals’ perceptions of web-based interventions." Doctoral thesis, Oulun yliopisto, 2016. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789526214450.
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Abstract Behavior change support systems (BCSSs) help people to achieve personal goals that they cannot necessarily achieve on their own. Typical BCSSs include health-related systems and applications. Significant policy and research attention has been aimed at information technologies that enable behavior change in regard to individuals’ health and wellbeing activities. The aim of this dissertation is to build a comprehensive view of health BCSSs, ranging from technology adoption to engagement, persuasion, and habit formation. As its main research question, the present thesis asks: What can user experiences of health BCSS reveal about behavior change? In addition, it proposes a framework for different approaches, which can help developers solve ethical issues in their BCSS design. This dissertation comprises four qualitative studies and one conceptual study. Hermeneutics has been the most influential research method in conducting these studies. Ontologically, hermeneutics leans toward socially constructed reality. The primary conceptual lenses for interpreting the data are the BCSS framework and Persuasive Systems Design model. This thesis extends prior research on eHealth, including non-adoption, flow esperience, use adherence, habit formation, and ethics. The results emphasize that persuasive systems design can affect user experience in different stages of system adoption and learning a new, healthier lifestyle. The presented work addresses health behavior change as a complex issue. Many individuals regard system usefulness in terms of perceived value for themselves rather than in terms of the system’s instrumental value. People are less likely to use the systems if they do not fit into their daily routines. Flow experience appears not to play as fundamental part in the BCSS use experience as is expected. The results suggest that self-monitoring, reminders and tunneling can help users to achieve better outcomes. These persuasive features can help increasing subject’s compliance and commitment, which in turn can help individuals to achieve better habits. Additionally this thesis presents a framework where different ethical approaches are divided to three distinct categoriesTiivistelmä Käyttäytymismuutosta tukevat tietojärjestelmät auttavat ihmisiä saavuttamaan henkilökohtaiset tavoitteensa, joita he eivät välttämättä yksin saavuttaisi. Tyypillisesti tällaiset järjestelmät ja applikaatiot liittyvät terveyteen. Sekä tutkimuksessa että julkishallinnossa on kiinnitetty huomiota, kuinka yksilöiden terveyttä ja hyvinvointia voidaan edistää informaatioteknologian avulla. Tämän väitöskirjan tarkoituksena on rakentaa kokonaisvaltainen näkemys terveyttä edistävistä käyttäytymismuutosta tukevista tietojärjestelmistä lähtien järjestelmän käytöstä ja osallistavuudesta, suostuttelevuuteen ja tapojen muodostumiseen. Väitöskirjan keskeisin tutkimuskysymys on: mitä käyttäjien kokemukset terveyttä edistävistä käyttäytymismuutosta tukevista tietojärjestelmistä paljastavat mitattavasta käyttäytymismuutoksesta? Lisäksi tämä väitöskirja tarjoaa viitekehyksen, joka voi auttaa suunnittelijoita ratkaisemaan eettisiä ongelmakohtia, kun he suunnittelevat käyttäytymismuutosta tukevia tietojärjestelmiä. Väitöskirja pitää sisällään neljä kvalitatiivista osajulkaisua ja yhden konseptuaalisen osajulkaisun. Hermeneutiikka on osajulkaisujen kannalta keskeisin tutkimusmenetelmä. Ontologisesti hermeneutiikka nojaa sosiaalisesti konstruoituun todellisuuteen. Aineiston tulkitsemisen kannalta keskeisimmät konseptuaaliset viitekehykset ovat olleet BCSS framework ja Persuasive Systems Design model. Väitöskirja laajentaa aiempaa tutkimuksellista näkökulmaa eHealth-teemasta pitäen sisällään näkökulmat järjestelmän hylkäämisestä, flow-kokemuksesta, järjestelmän käyttöön sitoutumisesta, elintapojen muodostumisesta ja eettisyydestä. Väitöskirjan tulokset korostavat, että suostuttelevien järjestelmien suunnittelumenetelmät voivat vaikuttaa käyttäjäkokemukseen eri vaiheissa järjestelmän käyttöönotosta uuden terveellisemmän elintavan omaksumiseen. Väitöskirjassa esitellyt osajulkaisut osoittavat, että terveyttä edistävä käyttäytymismuutos on monimutkainen kokonaisuus. Moni haastatelluista koki järjestelmän hyödyllisyyden liittyvän enemmän itsensä kehittämiseen kuin välineelliseen hyötyyyn. Ihmiset olivat vastentahtoisia käyttämään järjestelmää, jos se ei sopinut heidän arkielämäänsä. Väitöskirjan tulokset antavat ymmärtää, että itsemonitorointi, muistutukset ja tunnelointi auttavat käyttäytymismuutosta tukevien tietojärjestelmien käyttäjiä saavuttamaan parempia lopputuloksia. Nämä suostuttelevat elementit voivat helpottaa käyttäjiä noudattamaan ohjeita ja sitoutumaan muutosprosessiin kohti terveellisempiä elämäntapoja. Väitöskirja tarjoaa lisäksi viitekehyksen, jossa erilaiset eettiset lähestymistavat on jaotelty kolmeen eriteltävään kategoriaan
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Kelly, Scout M. "Plan Quality and the Enhancement of Implementation Intention Interventions for Physical Activity." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent149252886156333.
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Arango, Lisa Lewis. "The utility of an integrated qualitative/quantitative data analytic strategy (IQ-DAS) to evaluate the impact of youth development interventions on positive qualitative change in the life course." FIU Digital Commons, 2003. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/1294.
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This study reports one of the first controlled studies to examine the impact of a school based positive youth development program (Lerner, Fisher, & Weinberg, 2000) on promoting qualitative change in life course experiences as a positive intervention outcome. The study built on a recently proposed relational developmental methodological metanarrative (Overton, 1998) and advances in use of qualitative research methods (Denzin & Lincoln, 2000). The study investigated the use the Life Course Interview (Clausen, 1998) and an integrated qualitative and quantitative data analytic strategy (IQDAS) to provide empirical documentation of the impact the Changing Lives Program on qualitative change in positive identity in a multicultural population of troubled youth in an alternative public high school. The psychosocial life course intervention approach used in this study draws its developmental framework from both psychosocial developmental theory (Erikson, 1968) and life course theory (Elder, 1998) and its intervention strategies from the transformative pedagogy of Freire's (1983/1970).
Using the 22 participants in the Intervention Condition and the 10 participants in the Control Condition, RMANOVAs found significantly more positive qualitative change in personal identity for program participants relative to the non-intervention control condition. In addition, the 2X2X2X3 mixed design RMANOVA in which Time (pre, post) was the repeated factor and Condition (Intervention versus Control), Gender, and Ethnicity the between group factors, also found significant interactions for the Time by Gender and Time by Ethnicity.
Moreover, the directionality of the basic pattern of change was positive for participants of both genders and all three ethnic groups. The pattern of the moderation effects also indicated a marked tendency for participants in the intervention group to characterize their sense of self as more secure and less negative at the end of the their first semester in the intervention, that was stable across both genders and all three ethnicities. The basic differential pattern of an increase in the intervention condition of a positive characterization of sense of self relative to both pre test and relative to the directionality of the movement of the non-intervention controls, was stable across both genders and all three ethnic groups.
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Moreland, Jessica A. "Design for Sustainability Transitions: An Intervention Research Study for Zero Waste Residence Halls." The Ohio State University, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1408725627.
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Pischke, Claudia R. [Verfasser], Hajo [Akademischer Betreuer] Zeeb, Sven [Gutachter] Schneider, and Monika [Gutachter] Bullinger. "Settings-based Behavior Change Interventions for Chronic Disease Risk Reduction and Health Promotion / Claudia R. Pischke ; Gutachter: Sven Schneider, Monika Bullinger ; Betreuer: Hajo Zeeb." Bremen : Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Bremen, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1127701452/34.
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Laplante, Marie-Claude. "The effects of stage-matched, stage-mismatched, and standard care interventions on physical activity behavior, stage transition, and hypothesized mediators of change: Test of a stage model." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/29025.
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The present study tested (1) the validity of the transtheoretical model [TTM] and its prediction that stage-matched interventions are more effective than stage-mismatched interventions at promoting stage transition, and (2) the hypothesized theoretical mediators of regular physical activity and adjacent stage progression. Sedentary or insufficiently active adults (N = 190) recruited through corporate email newsletters were randomized to receive either a stage-matched, stage-mismatched, or standard care intervention. Stage-matched interventions were designed to alter hypothesized theoretical mediators of adjacent stage progression for regular moderate-intensity physical activity through print-based materials. This experimental study focused on two stage transitions, from contemplation to preparation and from preparation to action. Physical activity behavior, stage transition, and hypothesized theoretical mediators of physical activity participation and forward transition between adjacent stages were assessed at baseline and 8-week follow-up (83% retention rate). Based on results from a preliminary cross-sectional study (N = 1,172) that examined patterns of differences between adjacent stages (discontinuity patterns) on theoretical constructs hypothesized by the TTM to differ across stages, it was hypothesized that an increase in the perceived benefits and a decrease in the perceived costs of regular physical activity mediated progression from contemplation to preparation whereas an increase in self-efficacy and behavioral processes of change were hypothesized to mediate progression from preparation to action. Results revealed significant increase in physical activity behavior and stage progression across all conditions. Stage-matched, stage-mismatched, and standard care interventions produced equivalent results in terms of adjacent stage progression, physical activity participation, and proportion of individuals meeting CDC/ACSM guidelines at post-intervention follow-up. Behavioral processes of change were the only theoretical constructs to consistently predict progression to the next stage in the sequence for individuals in the preparation stage and increase in physical activity behavior for individuals in the contemplation and preparation stage. None of the theoretical constructs predicted adjacent stage progression for individuals in the contemplation stage. Preliminary evidence does not support the matching of interventions to stage in the context of regular physical activity and challenges the notion that stages of change, or at least a subset of them, are qualitatively distinct.
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Lien, Smedsrød Mirjam. "Vellykket livsstilsendring handler om utvikling av motivasjon, ferdigheter og evne til selvregulering." Thesis, Nordic School of Public Health NHV, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:norden:org:diva-3075.
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Bakgrunn: Forekomsten av overvekt og fedme er økende i de nordiske landene og iverden forøvrig. Utviklingen er bekymringsfull fordi den bringer med seg uhelse og alvorlig sykdom. Ulike virkemidler er tatt i bruk for å løse problemene forårsaket av overvekt og inaktivitet. Samtidig prøver man å påvirke til endret helseatferd. Det er behov for å utvide kunnskapen om hva som i denne sammenheng er effektive strategier. Hensikt: Studiens hensikt er med kvalitativ metodikk å studere hvordan personer som har lykkes med å endre livsstilsvaner, opplevde og håndterte endringsprosessen. Metode: 14 personer, derav åtte menn, i alderen 23 til 68 år er intervjuet individuelt. Modifisert versjon av Grounded Therory er brukt som metode i innsamling av data og i analyseprosessen. Resultat: Studien viser at deltakernes vellykkede livsstilsendring har forløpt gjennom en rekke sosiale prosesser som kan beskrives ut fra tre hovedkonsepter som her er samlet i følgende kategorier; Motiverer til endring, danner nye vaner og håndterer seg selv. Det som kjennetegner endringsprosessen i sin helhet er hvordan hovedpersonene har utviklet større grad av kontroll og håndterbarhet i egne liv. Konklusjon: Vellykket livsstilsendring er en psykologisk empowermentprosess med vekt på prosesser omkring selvregulering, motivering, psykisk uhelse og det å danne nye vaneThe incidence of overweight and obesity is steadily increasing in the Nordic countries and the entire world. This trend is a cause for concern because obesity links directly to many several illnesses, some life-threatening. Various methods have been developed in an effort to manage problems associated with obesity and inactivity. These methods also try to initiate positive lifestyle changes. However, it is necessary to broaden the knowledge base regarding the effectiveness of these strategies. Aim: This study aimed to use qualitative methodology to assess people who have succeeded in making positive lifestyle changes, documenting their experiences and learning how they adapted during the change process. Methodology: A group of 14 people consisting of eight men and six women, all between the ages of 23 and 68 years, were individually interviewed using a modified version of Grounded Theory to collect and analyze the data. Results: The study shows that the participants' positive lifestyle changes have gone through a variety of social processes. These processes comprised three main categories: motivation to change, development of new habits, and self-management. A defining factor in the change process of each candidate was how well that individual developed a greater degree of self-control and management of their own lives. Conclusion: Successful lifestyle change is a psychological empowerment process that emphasizes self-regulation, motivation, mental disorders, and the development of new habits.
ISBN 978-91-86739-44-7
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Langrial, S. (Sitwat). "Exploring the influence of persuasive reminders and virtual rehearsal on the efficacy of health behavior change support system." Doctoral thesis, Oulun yliopisto, 2014. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789526204765.
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Abstract Information technologies have opened new opportunities to develop persuasive systems that support people to adopt and sustain healthy behaviors. Both web-based and ubiquitous information systems have shown promising results in supporting people to adopt healthy routines. Persuasive systems have therefore received increasing attention from researchers over the past decade. Behavior Change Support Systems are an object of persuasive technology. These systems are designed to facilitate behavior change process over an extended period of time. This dissertation comprises of six studies, including two investigative, two experimental, and two field studies. An effort has been made to consecutively build these studies to formulate a central research question: To what extent virtual rehearsal augmented with reminders influence overall efficacy of health Behavior Change Support Systems? The primary theoretical underpinning is the Persuasive Systems Design model, which highlights seven postulates and twenty-eight software features for developing Behavior Change Support Systems. However, in the presented work, reminders and virtual rehearsal are explicitly studied. The interplay between these software features is examined through using a mixed-method research approach, using qualitative methodology as a core research approach. The results indicate that carefully selected and integrated persuasive software features have significant impact on the overall efficacy of Behavior Change Support Systems. Presented work addresses health behavioral change as a critical aspect of healthcare, and also extends contemporary research on critical issues in healthcare including task adherence, attrition and complianceTiivistelmä Uudet informaatioteknologiat ovat mahdollistaneet sellaisten vakuuttavien järjestelmien kehittämisen, jotka voivat tukea terveellisten käyttäytymismallien omaksumisessa ja niiden ylläpitämisessä. Sekä web-pohjaisilla että jokapaikan tietojärjestelmillä on saatu lupaavia tuloksia terveellisten rutiinien omaksumisessa. Vakuuttavat järjestelmät ovat näin viimeisen vuosikymmenen aikana saaneet kasvavaa huomiota tutkijoilta. Yksi vakuuttavan teknologian tutkimuskohteista on käyttäytymisen muutoksen tukijärjestelmät. Nämä järjestelmät on suunniteltu helpottamaan käyttäytymisen muutoksessa pitkähkön aikajakson kuluessa. Tämä väitöskirja koostuu kuudesta tutkimuksesta, sisältäen kaksi eksploratiivista, kaksi kokeellista ja kaksi kenttätutkimusta. Kyseiset tutkimukset on suunnitelut siten, että on voitu muodostaa yksi keskeinen tutkimuskysymys: Missä määrin virtuaalinen harjoittelu yhdessä muistutusten kanssa voi vaikuttaa käyttäytymisen muutoksen tukijärjestelmien tehokkuuteen? Pääasiallisena teoreettisena pohjana toimii vakuuttavien järjestelmien PSD-suunnittelumenetelmä (Persuasive Systems Design Model), joka korostaa seitsemää perusoletusta ja 28 ohjelmisto-ominaisuutta tällaisten käyttäytymisen muutoksen tukijärjestelmien kehittämisessä. Tässä väitöskirjassa on keskitytty tutkimaan erityisesti virtuaalisia muistutuksia ja virtuaalista harjoittelua. Kyseisiä ohjelmisto-ominaisuuksia on tarkasteltu käyttämällä mixed-method -tutkimustapaa erityisesti laadullisella tutkimusotteella. Tässä tutkimuksessa saadut tulokset osoittavat, että järjestelmien huolella valituilla ja toteutetuilla vakuuttavilla ominaisuuksilla on merkittävä vaikutus käyttäytymisen muutoksen tukijärjestelmien tehokkuuteen. Väitös osoittaa terveyskäyttäytymisen muutoksen olevan kriittinen osa terveydenhoitoa. Väitöstyö myös lisää terveydenhoidon tietämystä sen kriittisissä ongelmissa, erityisesti harjoituksiin sitoutumisessa tai vastaavasti harjoitusten tekemättä jättämisessä ylipäätään ja ohjeiden noudattamisessa
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Bergqvist, Malin. "Designing for Empathy in Elderly Care : Exploration of Opportunities to Deliver Behaviour Change Interventions through mHealth Applications, to Promote Empathic Behaviour in Elderly Home Care Nursing Assistants." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Interaktiva och kognitiva system, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-157588.
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Background The Swedish population is ageing quickly and the system for elderly home care is under increasing pressure. Staff turnover is high, nursing assistants are reporting stress, and employers have to recruit staff lacking sufficient experience. These factors are barriers to empathic care, considered essential to patient health outcomes. Elderly care should rely on cognitive empathy, be other-oriented and improve the client’s situation based on contextual understanding. There is a need for education and support for nursing assistants, so that they can provide empathic care. Purpose The thesis explores empathy as a skill in elderly home care to identify opportunities of promoting empathy in the client-nursing assistant interaction, by means of behaviour change interventions delivered through an mHealth application that nursing assistants already use at work. Method A group interview was conducted with six nursing assistants from four elderly home care organisations in a Swedish municipality, to learn about their experience of empathy at work, and factors affecting their ability to give empathic care. The respondents were using the same mHealth application to get and provide information about client visits. The Behaviour Change Wheel framework was used to analyze behavioural drivers of empathic care in elderly home care. Results Influences on empathic behaviour was identified in all 14 domains in the Theoretical Domains Framework. 13 target behaviours, 7 Intervention Functions and 45 Behaviour Change Techniques were suggested as suitable candidates to investigate for intervention development. Conclusion Empathy seems possible to promote through resource-efficient digital behaviour change interventions. Future studies may use this work as a starting point for development of interventions to promote empathic behaviour in elderly care.
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Carbonnel, François. "Évaluation des interventions numériques visant un changement de comportement de santé : un enjeu paradigmatique." Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017MON30093/document.
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Face à la multiplication exponentielle du nombre de personnes souffrant d’une maladie chronique d’origine comportementale (e.g., tabagisme, alcoolisme, mauvaise alimentation, sédentarité), des interventions non médicamenteuses (INM) agissant sur ces comportements modifiables sont devenues incontournables en prévention et en complément des traitements. Parmi ces INM, les interventions numériques santé (INS) ouvrent un champ prometteur de changement durable de comportement de santé (e.g., objet connecté santé, application pour le téléphone, jeu vidéo). La thèse s’intéresse, au-delà de leur ergonomie et de leur fonctionnalité, à leur évaluation santé, de leur validation à leur surveillance. La première étude recense les modèles proposés dans le monde pour évaluer ces INS et les catégorise selon leurs paradigmes épistémologiques sous-jacents. Les résultats montrent une augmentation exponentielle de ces modèles et une absence de consensus ou de convergence vers un modèle comme cela a été le cas dans le médicament à la fin du XXème siècle. La deuxième étude s’appuie sur une revue systématique ayant identifié 90 essais interventionnels publiés testant les bénéfices et les risques de solutions numériques visant à lutter contre le tabagisme. Les résultats montrent une efficacité de certaines INS sur le tabagisme mais issue d’un corpus méthodologique très hétérogène limitant la portée des conclusions. Cette hétérogénéité est liée aux caractéristiques intrinsèques des INS (e.g., technologies utilisées et combinaison entre elles, multiplicité des théories du changement de comportement utilisées), aux méthodes d’évaluation utilisées (e.g., type de groupe contrôle, durée de suivi) et aux critères de jugement choisis (e.g., réduction du tabagisme ou arrêt). La discussion porte sur les limites actuelles dans la mise en évidence de l’efficacité et des risques des INS à cause d’approches paradigmatiques parallèles, le paradigme biomédical, le paradigme d’ingénierie et le paradigme comportemental. Le manque de consensus limite la comparabilité et la reproductibilité des résultats des études testant ces solutions numériques de santé. Elles restent pour la plupart à ce jour des solutions gadgets malgré un potentiel prometteur et promis par les industriels. La thèse encourage à la convergence vers un modèle consensuel de détermination du bénéfice/risque santé fondé sur la science de chaque INS et fait des propositions en ce sensTo deal with the exponential increase of chronic diseases caused by health behavior (e.g., smoking, alcoholism, unhealthy eating, physical inactivity), non-pharmacological interventions (NPI) have become essential as a prevention tool and as a complement to treatments. Among these NPIs, behavioral intervention technologies (BIT) open up a promising field to a sustainable change in health behaviour (e.g., connected health devices, smartphone health apps, serious games). Beyond their ergonomics and their features, this thesis focuses on their evaluation in health, from their validation to their surveillance. The first study identifies the existing frameworks proposed around the world to evaluate these BITs and categorizes them, based on their underlying epistemological paradigm. The results show an exponential increase of these frameworks and a lack of consensus or convergence towards a common framework, as it had been the case for the drugs, by the end of the twentieth century. The second study is based on a systematic review used to identify 90 published interventional studies evaluating the benefits and the risks of digital solutions to fight against smoking. The results show that some BITs are effective against smoking but their effectiveness is based on a heterogeneous methodological corpus limiting the significance of the results produced. This heterogeneity is related to the inherent characteristics of the BITs (e.g., employed technologies and combination of technologies, multiplicity of the theories to change health behavior), to the chosen assessment methods (e.g., kind of control group, follow-up time) and to the chosen outcome measures (e.g., smoking reduction, smoking cessation). The discussion is focused on the current limitations to demonstrate the effectiveness and the risks of the BITs., due to parallel paradigmatic approaches, the biomedical paradigm, the engineering paradigm and the behavioral paradigm. The lack of consensus limits the comparability and the reproducibility of the results of the studies evaluating these BITs. Most of them are still gadgets, despite a promising potential, as predicted by the manufacturers. This thesis promotes the convergence to a consensual framework to determine the evidence-based benefits and risks of each BITs and introduces proposals to this effect
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van, Beurden Samantha Barbara. "Designing, delivering, and evaluating novel interventions to support dietary change for weight management." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10871/34519.
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Background: Recent empirical research and theoretical models acknowledge that impulsive processes, can often undermine peoples’ attempts to lose weight despite currently available and effective support (Chapter 2). Aim: To develop, deliver, and evaluate an impulse management intervention to support weight loss in adults. Methods: A systematic review was conducted to identify available impulse management techniques for influencing eating behaviour (Chapter 3). Intervention Mapping was used to develop the intervention (Chapter 4) which drew on various sources including the findings from the systematic review, stakeholder consultations, existing guidance, and qualitative interviews. A two-arm randomised controlled feasibility trial (Chapter 5), with nested mixed-methods process evaluation and two cycles of intervention delivery and data collection (Chapter 6), was conducted. This assessed the feasibility and acceptability of, and informed refinements to, both the intervention and trial procedures in preparation for a full-scale effectiveness evaluation. Weight was measured as the proposed primary outcome for a full-scale trial at baseline, one-month, and three-months of follow-up, app usage data were collected at both follow-up time points, and semi-structured interviews were conducted at one-month with a subsample of intervention group participants only. Results: The systematic review critically appraised and synthesised evidence on 17 identified techniques which were categorised as Impulse-focused or Reflective techniques. Promising changes in eating behaviour and craving were found for the techniques of visuospatial loading, physical activity, and implementation intentions. Intervention Mapping resulted in development of a novel smartphone app-based intervention (ImpulsePal) aimed to reduce unhealthy snacking, overeating, and alcoholic and sugary drink consumption using impulse management techniques identified in the systematic review. Eighty-eight adults with a Body Mass Index of ≥25kg/m2 and wishing to lose weight, were recruited and randomised in a 2:1 ratio to use ImpulsePal (n=58) or to a waiting list control (n=30) group. Data were available for 74 participants (84%) at one-month and 67 (76%) at three months. Exploratory analyses suggest that the ImpulsePal group (n=43) lost 1.03kg (95% CI 0.33 to 1.74) more than controls (n=26) at one-month, and 1.01kg (95% CI -0.45 to 2.47) more at three months. Participants reported high satisfaction with the intervention and trial procedures. The process evaluation suggests that ImpulsePal and the impulse management techniques are feasible to deliver and acceptable to users. Interviews with twenty-two participants suggest that they valued having access to in-the-moment support, felt more aware of their own eating behaviour and influences on it, and felt an increased ability to resist temptations. Conclusions: This work has developed a novel, theory- and evidence-informed, person-centred app which showed potential to improve impulse management, promote healthier eating, and support weight loss. ImpulsePal is acceptable to overweight and obese adults who want to lose weight and is now ready for evaluation in a full-scale trial. The thesis discusses theoretical, methodological, and practical implications for the future development, evaluation, and implementation of digital behaviour change interventions.
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Blomkvist, Sebastian. "Competition or Cooperation? : Using push notifications to increase user engagement in a gamified smartphone application for reducing personal CO2-emissions." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för elektroteknik och datavetenskap (EECS), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-279464.
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A helpful tool in forming, breaking, and maintaining habits and behaviors is a digital behavior change intervention (DBCI). These are interventions that leverage digital technologies to help their users to either take on or avoid certain behaviors. A common problem is a lack of user engagement with the interventions’ content, which is key for its effectiveness. It has however been shown that gamified content and using prompts—such as push notifications—may have the effect of increasing user engagement, for both DBCIs and other applications. Furthermore, two commonly occurring game concepts are competition and cooperation, each with different influences on engagement which in turn may vary depending on the context and the user. Therefore, this thesis set out to examine how push notifications can be used to increase user engagement with a gamified DBCI by making its gamified elements more salient. Additionally, it will investigate if there is any difference in influence on engagement of notifications that either promote competition or cooperation. This was evaluated by deploying two different push notification strategies on Deedster—a gamified mobile DBCI with the aim to get its users to reduce their personal CO2-emissions—and tracking user behavior. The results of the evaluation showed that users who received push notifications were more engaged—started more sessions and spent more time—with the application than users who did not receive any. They also performed a significantly higher amount of target behaviors. There was no difference in the influence on performed target behaviors between the notifications promoting competition or cooperation, and only one significant difference—usage of intervention features—regarding user engagement. The gender of the user was also found to be a considerable factor in the influence of the push notifications. Competition increased engagement more than cooperation for male users, but not for female users.Ett effektivt verktyg för att forma, bryta eller bibehålla vanor och beteenden är en så kallad digital beteendeförändrings-intervention (eng. digital behavior change intervention eller DBCI). Dessa interventioner använder digital teknik för att hjälpa deras användare att antingen påbörja eller undvika särskilda beteenden. Ett vanligt problem med dessa är att användarna ofta inte är särskilt engagerade i interventionernas innehåll eller funktioner, vilket är viktigt för deras effektivitet. Emellertid har det visats att spelifierat innehåll och användandet av notiser—såsom push-notiser—kan ha en ökande effekt på engagemanget. Två vanligt förekommande spelkoncept är tävling och samarbete, båda med sina olika effekter på engagemang vilket också skiftar beroende på kontexten och användaren. Därför ska detta examensarbete undersöka hur push-notiser kan användas för att öka användar-engagemanget i en spelifierad och mobil beteendeförändrings-intervention genom att göra dess spelifierade element mer framträdande. Dessutom kommer det även undersökas om det är någon skillnad i effekt mellan notiser som antingen främjar tävling eller samarbete. Detta var utvärderat genom att använda två olika push-notis-strategier på Deedster—en spelifierad, mobil intervention som syftar till att minska dess användares CO2-utsläpp—och sedan följa användarnas beteende. Resultaten visade att användare som fick push-notiser var mer engagerade—startade mer sessioner och spenderade mer tid—inom applikationen jämfört med användare som inte fick några notiser. De utförde också signifikant fler önskade beteenden. Det var ingen skillnad i effekt på antalet önskade beteende utförda mellan att främja tävling eller samarbete och endast några få skillnader i engagemang. Dock visade det sig att användarens kön var en betydande faktor i effekten av notiserna. Notiserna som främjade tävling var mer effektiva för manliga användare jämfört med de som främjade samarbete. Denna effekt syntes inte bland kvinnliga användare.
Designing digital technologies for supporting energy-related behavior change in the kitchen
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Yagnik, Arpan Shailesh. "Knowledge (K), Attitude (A), and Practice (P) of Women and Men about Menstruation and Menstrual Practices in Ahmedabad, India: Implications for Health Communication Campaigns and Interventions." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1430829910.
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Smith, Jade Marie-Lyn. "Harvesting Health: Electronic Health Coaching for Cancer Survivors." The Ohio State University, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1429702546.
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Lloyd, J. J. "Preventing childhood obesity : developing complex interventions for behaviour change." Thesis, Exeter and Plymouth Peninsula Medical School, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.700624.
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Mylonopoulou, V. (Vasiliki). "MAD:designing social comparison features in health behaviour change technological interventions." Doctoral thesis, Oulun yliopisto, 2019. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789526222851.
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Abstract Health behaviour change is challenging and is addressed by the international community. Many people try to effect change for a healthier lifestyle, but they find it difficult to sustain their new habits. Today, technological applications support people who want to change their behaviour, oftentimes by utilising social influence: The influence of others on one’s behaviour. Social influence consists of different aspects, the particularities of which are often neglected in design. This thesis focusses on the design of the social comparison aspect of social influence. Social comparison psychology supports the view that when facing a lack of objective measurements, people tend to compare themselves to others who are similar to them for self-evaluation, self-enhancement, self-prediction, and coping. In psychology, social comparison theory has shown great potential in the aforementioned areas as well as challenges regarding its application. In the design of technology, social comparison theory has been utilised but lacks extensive exploration. In this thesis, four perspectives are considered to better understand social comparison in design: Existing designs, designers’ perspective, healthcare professionals’ perspective, and user research for social comparison. The four perspectives are explored using qualitative methodologies and through design science research. The knowledge took the form of a Multiple-perspective Approach Design (MAD) for social comparison features in technology that supports health behaviour change. MAD aims to support designers when working with social comparison in health behaviour change, by presenting social comparison potentials and challenges informed by the different perspectives. MAD builds upon the knowledge transferred from the field of psychology regarding social comparison and on the research conducted to understand the four perspectives of social comparisonTiivistelmä Terveyskäyttäytymisen muutos on haastavaa ja sitä käsittelee kansainvälinen yhteisö. Monet ihmiset yrittävät tehdä muutoksia kohti terveellisempiä elämäntapoja, mutta heidän on vaikea ylläpitää uusia tapojaan. Tänä päivänä teknologiset sovellukset tukevat ihmisiä, jotka haluavat muuttaa käyttäytymistään, usein hyödyntämällä sosiaalista vaikutusta: toisten vaikutusta omaan käyttäytymiseen. Sosiaalinen vaikutus koostuu erilaisista näkökulmista, joiden erityispiirteitä on usein laiminlyöty suunnittelussa. Tässä opinnäytetyössä keskitytään sosiaalisen vertailun näkökulman suunnitteluun sosiaalisessa vaikutuksessa. Sosiaalisen vertailun psykologia tukee näkemystä siitä, että objektiivisten mittausten puuttuessa, ihmiset pyrkivät vertaamaan itseään muihin, jotka ovat samankaltaisia, itsearvioinnin, itsensä vahvistamisen, itsearvioinnin ja selviytymisen kannalta. Psykologiassa sosiaalisen vertailun teoria on osoittanut potentiaalinsa edellä mainituilla aloilla, mutta sen soveltamiseen liittyy haasteita. Sosiaalisen vertailun teoriaa on hyödynnetty teknologian suunnittelussa, mutta laaja-alaisempi tutkimus aiheesta on puutteellista. Tässä opinnäytetyössä tarkastellaan neljää näkökulmaa ymmärtämään paremmin sosiaalista vertailua suunnittelussa: Olemassa olevat mallit, suunnittelijoiden näkökulma, terveydenhuollon ammattilaisten näkökulma ja käyttäjätutkimus sosiaaliseen vertailuun. Näitä neljää näkökulmaa tutkitaan käyttämällä laadullisia tutkimusmenetelmiä ja suunnittelutieteellistä tutkimusta. Kerätyn tiedon perusteella muodostettiin monia toimijoita tarkasteleva lähestymistapa suunnitteluun (MAD), joka koskee sosiaalisen vertailun ominaisuuksia teknologiassa, joka tukee terveyskäyttäytymisen muutosta. MAD pyrkii tukemaan suunnittelijoita, jotka työskentelevät sosiaalisen vertailun parissa terveyskäyttäytymisen muutoksessa, esittämällä sosiaalisen vertailun mahdollisuuksia ja haasteita, joita on kerätty eri näkökulmista. MAD perustuu psykologian alalta kerättyyn tietämykseen sosiaalista vertailusta ja toteutettuun tutkimukseen, joka on tehty sosiaalisen vertailun neljän näkökulman ymmärtämiseksi
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Lindhiem, Oliver James. "Modeling change / an attachment-based intervention with high-risk birth mothers." Access to citation, abstract and download form provided by ProQuest Information and Learning Company; downloadable PDF file, 85 p, 2009. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1885670951&sid=5&Fmt=2&clientId=8331&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
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Denford, Sarah. "Identifying processes associated with behaviour change in asthma self-care interventions." Thesis, Exeter and Plymouth Peninsula Medical School, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.541701.
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Ball, Emily. "Investigating support, sanctioning and behaviour change mechanisms in family-based interventions." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2017. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/19815/.
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This thesis investigates the use of conditionality mechanisms in family-based intensive interventions in England to achieve behaviour change in families who are perceived to exhibit problematic conduct in society. Conditionality can be defined as a contractual relationship based on ideas of social responsibility, where the citizen receives social assistance from the state, which is reciprocated by practices of positive behaviour change by the citizen (Dwyer, 2004; Deacon, 2004). The use of intensive intervention projects to challenge problematic behaviour in families has been a key strategy in social and family policy in England since 1997, however similar models of intensive case work approaches were used during the 1940s (Ball et al, 2016; Starkey, 2002). Intensive interventions are based on a key worker model and can be described as a holistic approach to support all family members in order to tackle the root causes of problems that are costly to society. However, if the family does not engage with the project they risk being subject to penalties (Flint, 2011a). When the Conservative-Coalition Government was elected in 2010 there was some ambiguity as to whether the use of intensive interventions would continue (Nixon et al, 2010). However, the 2011 urban riots appeared to be a trigger for David Cameron, the Prime Minister at the time, to reinstate a need for people to take responsibility, which could be learnt through the morals, values and routines that are embedded within paid labour (Arthur, 2015). Alongside ongoing welfare reform, the Troubled Families Programme was launched in 2012 and claimed it would ‘grip’ families and their problems and ‘make’ them change their behaviour by using enforcement if necessary (DCLG, 2012). This thesis explores the extent to which an intensive intervention project can ‘make’ individuals change their behaviour, and if so, by what means this may be achieved. The research has used a qualitative and longitudinal methodology and has explored the interactions between families engaged with, and the practitioners employed by different service providers in a large northern English city. Part of the methodology involved following 10 families subject to interventions over a seven-month period, in order to capture the micro-processes of behaviour change. The findings of the research are framed and analysed using Foucault’s conceptualisation of disciplinary power traditionally associated with projects of this nature (Garrett, 2007a; 2007b). This research found that existing governance logics are present in these intervention practices, but there are interesting nuances in the practitioner-family relationship that are not explored in existing academic critiques of governance and social control. However, despite these nuances that centre on the complex interaction between individual agency and practitioner authority, punitive tools (rather than supportive mechanisms) which can be used to influence behaviour though conditionality, can nevertheless, have profound effects on the lives of society’s most marginalised families and these raise ethical implications about the current direction of contemporary welfare policy.
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Rothman, Wendy M. "Enhancing Motivation to Change in Clients with Alcohol Use Disorders: Video Feedback as a Brief Intervention." The University of Montana, 2009. http://etd.lib.umt.edu/theses/available/etd-10132009-105341/.
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This research examined whether videotaped self-observation of drinking behavior combined with a one-session motivationally-based interview resulted in higher levels of motivation to change drinking behavior, lower levels of quantity and frequency of alcohol consumption, decreases in alcohol-related problem behaviors, and expectations of the positive effects of alcohol for individuals mandated to treatment for alcohol-use disorders. DUI offenders (n = 8) and heavy drinking college students (n = 13) mandated to treatment were randomly assigned to receive treatment as usual at their respective agencies or an experimental video intervention in addition to their regular treatment requirements. Participants were assessed at baseline and at one-month following treatment. Participants in both conditions self-reported significantly fewer alcohol-related problem behaviors at the one month follow-up. A non-significant trend was found between the groups over time for alcohol-related problem behaviors; participants assigned to treatment as usual reported fewer alcohol-related problem behaviors at follow-up relative to participants assigned to the experimental video intervention. An additional non-significant trend was found for movement along the stages of change. Two participants who received the video intervention regressed to previous stage levels and one participant who received treatment as usual moved forward one stage. Most participants assigned to the video intervention reported increased insight into their own drinking behavior following the video viewing. Results from this study suggest that aside from increasing awareness about drinking behavior, the data do not support the use of video self-monitoring of drinking behavior as a treatment intervention for individuals with alcohol-use disorders. Future research may want to incorporate some modified components of the video intervention into existing motivationally-based treatments as a way to increase awareness about drinking behavior.
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Lee, Morgan Sophia. "Development and Evaluation of a Hypocrisy Induction Intervention for Exercise." Scholar Commons, 2016. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/6109.
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Hypocrisy induction is a dissonance-based intervention approach that has been successful in changing a number of health-related behaviors; however, no published studies have evaluated a hypocrisy induction intervention for exercise. The present two-stage study involved developing and subsequently evaluating a hypocrisy induction intervention for exercise in a small-scale randomized controlled trial (RCT). Outcomes of interest were intention to exercise, immediate physical activity-related behavior choice, and short-term (one-week) changes in self-reported exercise and objectively assessed physical activity. Self-esteem was evaluated as a potential moderator of intervention effects. After two rounds of pilot testing in the Development Phase, the intervention was evaluated in a sample of 120 participants (60 each in the exercise intervention and no-intervention control conditions). Participants who received the intervention reported significantly greater intention to exercise than did control participants who did not receive the intervention (p = .02, d = 0.43). Small effects in favor of the intervention were also found for self-reported exercise and objectively assessed physical activity (d = .21 - .35), but these effects were nonsignificant. Self-esteem influenced the effect of the intervention on self-reported exercise: The intervention was more effective for participants with lower levels of self-esteem. The present findings provide preliminary support for use of hypocrisy induction interventions in exercise promotion, but additional research is needed to determine for whom and in what situations this approach is best used.
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Andersson, Jonas. "Effects of parent training on parenting: : Associated Change between Parental Behaviors and Preadolescent Problem Behaviors." Thesis, Örebro universitet, Akademin för juridik, psykologi och socialt arbete, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-26385.
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The aim of this study was to find out if change in parent behavior is associated with change in preadolescent problem behavior during parent training programs. A total of 561 single parents or couples of mainly Swedish origin were randomized into one out of four parent training programs with different theoretical bases. Parents’ self-reports of their own behavior and of their children’s intensity as well as impact of problem behavior, lack of attention, and hyperactivity showed that effects were equal across interventions for both children and parents. 12 parent constructs were measured. All of them except positive parent behavior constructs correlated with all four outcomes for children on significant levels. Negative parent behavior predicted change in all child outcomes on a highly significant level.
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Kershaw, Mary E. W. "Assessing dietary behavior change through an interactive web-based nutrition education intervention /." The Ohio State University, 2001. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1488204276533393.
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Servo, Denise Kay. "Theory of planned behavior constructs as mediators of behavior change associated with a brief alcohol intervention." To access this resource online via ProQuest Dissertations and Theses @ UTEP, 2008. http://0-proquest.umi.com.lib.utep.edu/login?COPT=REJTPTU0YmImSU5UPTAmVkVSPTI=&clientId=2515.
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Hampton, Brandy M. "Tailoring Messages within the Stages of Change." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/46184.
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Tailored communications have been effective in increasing both recall and readership of health information. However, there is no clear evidence that tailoring is necessary or beneficial in creating behavior change. There are many possible sources for the inconsistencies in the empirical literature. This current research explores possible approaches to increase the effectiveness of message tailoring by incorporating components from the four main conceptual structures found in the literature.
In the first study, the Stages of Change Model was used to segment the sample into four distinct groups (precontemplative, contemplative, action, and maintenance). The behavioral determinants for respondents in each group were then identified. The differences between the precontemplative and contemplative segment suggest that an affective message will be more effective in changing intention for precontemplative respondents and a cognitive message will be more effective for the respondents in the contemplative segment. In a second study, an experimental study was conducted to test these alternative approaches. Results show that the proposed approaches did influence males as expected. However, females did not behave in the manner expected. Possible explanations for the differences between gender, such as behavior salience and information processing styles, are discussed. Overall, support is found for the use of tailoring messages to create behavior change.Master of Science
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Zafar, Sonia. "Health psychology principles in behaviour change interventions : insights from practice and research." Thesis, City University London, 2012. http://openaccess.city.ac.uk/3669/.
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The overall objective of the study was to identify factors which play a key role in diet and exercise behaviour for migrant and Danish bus drivers in a workplace setting. The aim was to develop a framework to illustrate how the individual, contextual and cultural influences on health behaviour (diet and physical activity) interplay in an everyday perspective. Data was collected using a qualitative approach. Methods applied consisted of contextual based observations and semi structured interviews with sixteen (n=16) bus drivers. Four interviews were conducted with Danish, four with Somali, four with Turkish and four with participants with a Pakistani ethnic origin. The data was analysed using grounded theory. The core category which emerged from the data was „impact of individual, contextual and cultural influences on health behaviours‟. The core category was supported by five higher order categories. These were as follows: (1) Meanings of health (2) health behaviour and the potential to change, (3) Maintaining Balance (4) Workplace influences on health (5) Positioning in the social context. Each of the higher order categories was further supported with categories and sub-categories. The analysis illustrated findings on different levels. As a result of the impact of individual, contextual and cultural findings, strive for balance through a process of equilibrium was core to well-being and health in an everyday perspective. A collection of factors from the different levels of influence played a key role on diet and physical activity in an everyday work-day context. These have been illustrated through the use of quotes and frameworks. Based on the findings of the study, future research and practice recommendations are outlined.
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Elaheebocus, Sheik Mohammad Roushdat Ally. "On the inclusion of social media features in digital behaviour change interventions." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2018. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/423552/.
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Digital Behaviour Change Interventions are techniques for providing targeted advice and support for enabling sustainable and positive change in people through digital platforms. The possibility for conducting large scale interventions at low cost are becoming a reality while also offering increased flexibility in terms of time and location at which they can be undertaken. With the ubiquity of social media, there is a growing interest in tapping into the social influence prevalent among potential participants for enhancing the effectiveness of behavioural interventions. However, the lack of a consistent approach to incorporate social media features has resulted in only a limited number of interventions making use of them through non-standardised designs, making it difficult to compare the efficacy of social media features across studies. This thesis sets out the integration of social media features in a generic framework to demonstrate how intervention builders can identify, include and evaluate the most appropriate social media features into their behavioural interventions in a more standardised way. A systematic literature review was conducted to identity social media features that are commonly included in these interventions. This review, coupled with a thematic analysis of a focus group based study composed of experienced intervention builders and a pilot experiment to test for usability and feasibility, led to the development of an annotated taxonomy of social media features for behavioural interventions. An experiment to evaluate the inclusion of generic social media features in a behavioural intervention, facilitated by the taxonomy and though our framework was performed. This research demonstrated the feasibility and potential of using generic social media features in behavioural interventions with standardised designs, which will facilitate future evaluations of the impact of these features within interventions.
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Routledge, Michael Henry Collis. "Organisation development: a formative evaluation of an OD intervention." Thesis, Rhodes University, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002553.
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Rapid changes and increased competitiveness in business environments, together with greater demands by employees for improvements in the quality of their work lives, make it necessary for organisations to review their operating styles and functions. Many companies have found an answer in Organisation Development (OD) which focuses on ways in which people associated with organisations learn to diagnose and solve those problems which limit organisational effectiveness. The present study evaluates the progress of an OD intervention underway in an organisation in Zimbabwe. A formative evaluation is undertaken during an OD intervention. It is designed to assess the change effort's progress in such a way that steps can subsequently be taken to correct, modify or enhance such aspects of the intervention as may be determined by the evaluation. The study begins with a review of the company's original and revised Mission Statements as well as the present and last two sets of corporate three-year plans. These documents inform the construction of an interview guide. Individual interviews are then used to ascertain attitudes of respondents to the OD intervention and the changes it is bringing about. In addition the interviews are used to gauge the degree of commitment of respondents to the intervention. All the senior managers in the organisation are interviewed as well as the holding company's chief executive and the external consultant facilitating the intervention. The study records fundamental changes taking place in the attitudes of top managers and the first signs of an impact of these attitude changes on the formulation of company plans. Management styles and the culture of the organisation also show some change and influence on routine business operations. In addition there are early indications of an alteration of behaviour at other levels in the organisation. Business outcomes are improving and it is proposed that the benefits are due to fortuitous market developments assisted to an extent by the culture and attitude changes brought about by the OD intervention.
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Weck, Saskia. "A Conceptual Model of Behavior Change Progress for the Application within Coaching Systems to Support Sustainable Lifestyle Changes." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för psykologi, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-186950.
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Cardiovascular diseases and diabetes are increasing worldwide due to unhealthy lifestyle habits. Behavior change support systems (BCSS) are a new means of promoting a sustainable lifestyle change. These systems are more effective when behavior change theories are applied. The aim of this thesis to integrate well-known behavior change theories into a conceptual model of behavior change progress to form the basis for the BCSS. The research question of this thesis is: what parameters of behavior change should be included in a conceptual model of behavior change progress? The model was created by integrating concepts and their relationships from existing behavior change theories. Next, the model was the validated by experts in behavior change. The outcome is a conceptual framework that can be function as a tool for understanding causal relationship between behavior change concepts, for presenting feedback, and building automated assessments. Furthermore, the model extends already existing knowledge networks.På grund av allmänhetens ohälsosamma vanor ökar Diabetes och kardiovaskulära sjukdomar i hela världen. Olika stödsystem för beteendeförändringar (BCSS) är ett nytt sätt att främja en hållbar livsstilsförändring. Dessa system är mer effektiva då beteendeförändringsteorier tillämpas. Syftet med denna avhandling är att integrera välkända teorier om beteendeförändring i en konceptuell modell av beteendeförändringsframsteg som kan ligga till grund för BCSS. Forskningsfrågan i denna avhandling är: Vilka parametrar för beteendeförändring ska ingå i en konceptuell modell för beteendeförändringsframsteg? Modellen skapades genom att integrera koncept och deras relationer från befintliga teorier om beteendeförändring. Resultatet är ett konceptuellt ramverk som kan fungera som ett verktyg för att förstå orsakssambandet mellan beteendeförändringsbegrepp, för att presentera feedback och för att bygga automatiserade bedömningar. Dessutom utökar modellen redan befintliga kunskapsnätverk.
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Beard-Bailey, Marchell. "The effectiveness of mode of intervention methods on behavior change and weight status." Thesis, California State University, Long Beach, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1527531.
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The purpose of this thesis was to evaluate the effectiveness of three weight loss intervention methods on change in behavior and weight status among participants. Specifically, this study examined the differential effectiveness of intervention type on changing consumption of "red light foods," "yellow light foods," and "green light foods" from baseline to three months. This thesis also examined the differential effectiveness of intervention type on changing weight status of participants from baseline to three months. A total of 68 food logs with the corresponding participant anthropometric measurements were analyzed for this thesis. Results showed that participants in the ASPIRE group + phone had a significant change in red food consumption compared to that of the MOVE! group. A significant change in yellow food consumption was also found for ASPIRE group + phone compared to those of the ASPIRE phone only group. A relationship between weight status and intervention type was not found. This thesis shows that the Stoplight diet coupled with a small changes approach is beneficial for changing food choices leading to a decrease in caloric intake and potential weight loss.
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Sunio, Varsolo Cornago. "Mobility Behavior Change Support System for Sustainable Campus Commuting." Kyoto University, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/232019.
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Volkenant, KristiLynn R. "Change in Coping Behaviors of Fourth-graders Following a 13-week Intervention." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1190821178.
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Lewis, Liane. "Yet another behaviour change intervention : the feasibility of an autonomy-supportive active lifestyle intervention in older adults." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2015. https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/59465/.
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Background: Self-Determination Theory (SDT) has been used successfully as a model for health behaviour change in weight loss programs buts its effectiveness promoting physical activity (PA) behaviour change in an elderly population at elevated risk of colon cancer has not been tested. This study investigated the feasibility of implementing an SDT approach in this population and provides preliminary evidence of its efficacy for modifying motivational regulation in the short- and long-term. Furthermore, barriers to participation, and characteristics of non-participators were explored. Trial design: This thesis consists of two randomized controlled feasibility trials. Methods: Trial A was called ‘Physical Activity and Risk of Colon Cancer’ (PARC) and trial B was called ‘MOtiVation for Exercise- promoting an active lifestyle after Colorectal Cancer’ (MOVE). Participants in PARC (n=31, mean age 69y [SD=4.9], BMI 29.3 [SD=5.1]) were patients diagnosed with polyps after a screening colonoscopy. MOVE participants (n=28, mean age 65y [SD=8.3], BMI=27.7 [SD=4.6]) were patients diagnosed with colorectal cancer after completion of treatment. In both studies, participants were randomized to either an active lifestyle programme (ALP) (PARC n=17, MOVE n=14) or the standard care group (SC) (PARC n=14, MOVE n=14). ALP received supervised exercise sessions and physical activity counselling workshops during the intervention and SC was encouraged to continue with their usual lifestyle. For PARC the intervention was 6months with a 6 months follow-up and for MOVE the intervention was 3months with 3 months follow-up. Randomization was carried out with a bespoke computer software (nQuery). The intervention facilitator was not blinded to the group allocation. Data were analysed with intention-to treat analysis. The primary outcomes were the feasibility of the intervention in these populations. Secondary outcomes were variables of behavioural regulation, physical activity behaviour, physical capacity (fitness and strength), self-efficacy, intention to exercise, and quality of life. Results: PARC: Overall recruitment yield was 12.1% of eligible participants. Main barriers for participation for time commitment and distance to research site. Attrition post-intervention was 29% and at follow-up 43%. Attendance at the ii supervised exercise sessions was 62% and at the workshops was 53%. Post-intervention, ALP had lower amotivation (P<.01), and higher levels of identification (P<.01), intrinsic regulation (P<.001), relative autonomy index (P<.01), and intention to exercise (P<0.05) compared to SC. Total leisure time activity was higher in ALP compared to SC with a mean group difference of 84 min per week (P= 0.08). At follow-up the differences in behavioural regulation were not maintained. ALP did more physical activity at follow-up than SC, with a difference in mean change for leisure-time PA of 170min (P< 0.05). There were no adverse events during the intervention. MOVE: Overall recruitment rate was 58.3% of eligible participants. The main barriers to participation for time commitment and the travel distance to the research site. Attrition at 3months was 14% and 29% at 6months follow-up. Attendance at supervised exercise sessions was 79% and at physical activity counselling workshops 71%. Post-intervention, ALP was engaging in 98min more walking time physical activity (P< 0.05). Group differences were also observed for body composition with a reduction in body weight (-1.6kg), BMI (-0.04 kg/m2) and body fat (-1.4%) in ALP compared to an increase in these parameters in SC (+1.1kg, +0.5 kg/m2, +0.3%) (P< 0.05). At follow-up differences in PA and body composition were maintained (P< 0.05). No differences were observed for behavioural regulation, self-efficacy, intention to exercise, and quality of life at any time-point. Exercise was deemed safe and there were no adverse events throughout the intervention. Conclusion: Recruitment rates of both trials were poor, but other trials have reported similar low recruitment rates in studies with an elderly population. These are the first studies based on SDT in this population to demonstrate increased physical activity behaviour post-intervention and at long-term follow-up. The findings also suggest that 6months of intervention is successful at evoking changes in behavioural regulation. These findings are comparable to other studies using this model. Larger RCTs are needed to substantiate these findings. The studies were sponsored by the University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom.
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White, Tom. "Climate change communications : understanding people's perceptions and evaluating the effectiveness of interventions." Thesis, De Montfort University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2086/5410.
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A government-funded scheme, the UK Climate Change Communications Initiative (UKCCCI), provided money for organisations to deliver projects that attempted to impact positively on people’s attitudes towards climate change and to increase knowledge and awareness of the issue. This devolution of communications is a relatively novel approach after previous centralised campaigns. This thesis adopts a mixed-method approach; a qualitative and a quantitative study have been conducted based on three case studies of individual projects funded under the UKCCCI. The quantitative study analyses pre- and post-project surveys to assess whether the communications produced the desired changes in attitude, knowledge and awareness; results are generally mixed in relation to all three case studies as some statistics are more positive after communications, whereas some are less positive. Data from a regional UKCCCI project are compared with a nationally representative dataset; this analysis shows that attitudes, knowledge and awareness differ at regional and national scales, supporting the policy of devolving communications. Regional data are also analysed to see if there are differences between socio-demographic groups within a single target audience for communications; this analysis suggests that interventions must strike a balance between personalisation of information and the higher cost of targeting smaller groups with more specific material. The quantitative study uses conceptual content cognitive mapping (3CM) to discover the climate change-related knowledge of twenty subjects who received communications from two of the case study projects. Results suggest that people have knowledge of a wide range of issues related to climate change, but they do not possess a detailed scientific understanding. However, there is a high knowledge of how to mitigate climate change and this is expressed largely through individual actions and lifestyle choices. A template analysis was also conducted to discover what interviewees thought specifically about the communications and a range of practical recommendations are made for future projects. Implications are discussed in relation to future practical climate change communications projects, wider policy and academic research.
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Oliveira, Luis C. R. "Designing and evaluating a behaviour change intervention that introduces modification of time perceptions as a solution to promote sustainable behaviours." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2013. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/14482.
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This research presents the design and evaluation of an intervention that introduces modification of time perceptions as one of the solutions to promote sustainable behaviours. It is demonstrated in this thesis that unnecessary energy use is often caused by temporal tensions, defined as the relation between actions to be performed and available time. This research proposes that it is possible to deliberately reduce temporal tensions, and this can motivate people to behave more sustainably. Persuasive technology and human-computer interaction provided the tools needed to manipulate time perceptions and therefore bring about changes in the specific behaviours that result in unnecessary energy usage. Previous studies indicate that behaviours play an important role in energy consumption. From the different domains of energy use that could be examined, cooking was chosen to be the platform where the studies on behaviour change and energy use would take place. How behaviours influence energy use motivated the design of empirical studies to understand behaviours related to domestic energy use and identify what are the determinants of these behaviours. Each determinant was related to a strategy to be included on a behaviour change intervention. A wider survey was developed to understand students acceptance of a set of proposed energy saving techniques, and resulted in a vast volume of information about user preferences and intentions to perform the suggested energy saving behaviours for cooking. It emerged that participants rushed into the cooking tasks without much deliberation, consequently not following preparation procedures and thus using more energy. Information gathered during the first studies also showed that participants behaviours were partially motivated by the need to speed up the cooking process in order to reduce boredom when they were waiting for the food to cook, consequently resulting in extra energy usage. The knowledge gathered from the preceding steps and a literature review informed the design of strategies to modify the non-sustainable behaviours and promote energy saving. A user-centred design process involving an idea generation session and scenario analysis was used to provide a set of strategies to be embedded in an intervention, containing the specific methods to tackle the correspondent determinants of behaviours. The specific needs of the cooking activity indicated that an electronic intervention was an adequate platform to be implemented and tested. Two high resolution working prototypes of the electronic interventions were developed as mobile phone applications. The final study comprised the evaluation of the proposed interventions in improving aspects of the cooking activity, the acceptance of the interventions and effectiveness in promoting energy saving.
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Casey, Kelsey M. B. "Dietary changes associated with an intervention to reduce sedentary behavior in women." Thesis, Kansas State University, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/32575.
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Master of ScienceDepartment of Food, Nutrition, Dietetics and Health
Sara K. Rosenkranz
Evidence from physical activity interventions suggests that women, in particular, may overcompensate for exercise energy expenditure by increasing caloric intake. Sedentary behavior and poor diet quality are independent risk factors for many major chronic diseases including cardiovascular disease (CVD). It is unknown whether insufficiently active women alter dietary quality or caloric intake when participating in an intervention to reduce sedentary behavior. Insufficiently active women (n=49) working full-time sedentary jobs were randomized into one of two 8-week sedentary interventions occurring during the work week [short breaks (SB) (1-2 min every half hour, n=24) or long breaks (LB) (15 min twice daily, n=25)]. Dietary information was collected through 3-day food records at baseline, week 4 and week 8. Dietary quality was assessed using the Alternative Healthy Eating Index 2010 (AHEI-2010). CVD risk factors (systolic and diastolic blood pressure (BP), fasting cholesterol, triglycerides, and blood glucose, and body mass index) were assessed at baseline and week 8. For all participants there were no changes in AHEI-2010 scores over time (baseline: M=53.4, 95% CI [49.2, 57.6], week 4: M=50.3, 95% CI [45.9, 54.7], week 8: M=48.4, 95% CI [44.1, 52.7], p>0.05). Average caloric intake in the SB group (baseline: M=1943.8 kcals/day, 95% CI [1716.2, 2171.5], week 4: M=1728.8 kcals/day, 95% CI [1462.4, 1995.2], week 8: M=1616.8 kcals/day, 95% CI [1450.2, 1783.4]) decreased significantly from baseline to week 4 (p=0.015) and baseline to week 8 (p=0.002). There were no significant changes in caloric intake in the LB group (p>0.05) at either time point. In all participants, absolute changes in LDL were positively correlated with absolute changes in caloric intake (r=0.473, p=0.005). There were no other significant associations between changes in dietary quality or caloric intake with changes in any other CVD risk factor (p>0.05). Following an 8-week sedentary intervention in the workplace, insufficiently active women did not alter their dietary quality, but decreased caloric intake. Future research should explore sedentary interventions compared to physical activity interventions in women as a means to create negative energy balance, as sedentary breaks throughout the day may be effective for improving health outcomes.
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Roediger, Micah. "Evaluating the Impact of Training on the Effectiveness of Peer Change Agents: A Campus-wide Intervention." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/76820.
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The current study investigated the impact of a training program on a peer-to-peer intervention designed to increase the use of bicycle helmets on a large college campus. The training program was evaluated by the number of interactions a peer change agent--an individual who attempts to make a positive change in another person's behavior, had with bicyclists. The results suggest the training program may be effective in increasing change agent interactions for change agents who are already commitment to the intervention leading to more interactions per capita between committed trained change agents and bicyclists than untrained change agent and bicyclists. However, these results must be interpreted with caution due to small and unequal sample sizes.Master of Science
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Finlinson, Scott. "Increasing Organizational Energy Conservation Behaviors: Comparing the Theory of Planned Behavior and Reasons Theory for Identifying Specific Motivational Factors to Target for Change." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2005. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1113856246.
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O'Dolan, Catriona. "An intervention to prompt changes to sedentary behaviour in office workers." Thesis, Glasgow Caledonian University, 2017. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.743898.
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Background: Office workers have been identified as being at risk of accumulating high amounts of sedentary time in prolonged events during work hours, which has been associated with increased risk of a number of long-term health conditions. There is some evidence that providing advice to stand at regular intervals during the working day, and using computer-based prompts, can reduce sedentary behaviour in office workers. However, evidence of effectiveness, feasibility, and acceptability for these types of intervention is currently limited. Little is also understood regarding behaviour change theories applicable to occupational sedentary behaviour, and how such theory could inform intervention development and implementation. The aims of this thesis were to develop and test a low-cost education and prompt intervention to reduce and break up the sedentary behaviour of office workers, and to explore whether existing behaviour change theory can explain sedentary behaviour in the workplace. Methods: The Medical Research Council's framework for design and evaluation of complex interventions, was used as a basis for developing the intervention which was initially tested in a 2-arm, parallel group, cluster-randomised feasibility trial with office workers in a commercial bank (n=21). Participants were assigned to a control or intervention group. Both groups received education on reducing and breaking up sitting at work, and the intervention group also received hourly prompts, delivered by Microsoft Outlook over a period of 10 weeks, reminding them to stand. Objective measurements of sedentary behaviour were made using activPAL monitors worn at 3 measurement points: baseline; in the last 2 weeks of the intervention period, and 12 weeks after the intervention. Focus groups were conducted to explore the acceptability of the intervention and the motivations and barriers to changing sedentary behaviour. The education and prompt intervention was subsequently tested in a pilot study of office workers in a large pharmaceutical company (n= 29). In order to address some of the limitations of the feasibility study, the method used in the pilot study was altered slightly to include: minimising information given on study aims prior to baseline; incorporating feedback on baseline activity into the education session; non-clustering of participants; an additional measurement period during the first 2 weeks of the intervention; measures of stage of change and the constructs of social cognitive theory. Results: The feasibility study demonstrated that randomly generated, customised prompts, delivered by Microsoft Outlook, with messages about breaking up sitting, were a feasible and acceptable way of delivering prompts to office workers. Small, short-term reductions from baseline levels were made to sedentary behaviour outcomes, which were not maintained at follow-up, in participants from both the intervention and control groups. Similar results were obtained in the pilot study, with reductions in sedentary behaviour outcomes in both groups made early in the intervention period not being maintained by late intervention measurement, or at follow up. Analysis of time taken to stand following delivery of a prompt, in both studies, suggested the intervention groups did not react immediately to prompts, and any increase in standing was made at unrelated times. Five key constructs, in line with Social Cognitive Theory, surrounding motivation for sedentary behaviour at work, were identified: i) situation/environment, ii) outcome expectations, in) self- efficacy, iv) self-regulation, v) observational learning. The education session seemed to increase outcome expectations of the benefits of changing sedentary behaviour, and promote self-regulation of behaviour in some participants. However, low self-efficacy and a desire to conform to cultural norms were barriers to changing behaviour. Measures of readiness to change sedentary behaviour at work increased in both groups in the pilot study. Conclusions: Prompts delivered by Microsoft Outlook were a feasible, low cost way of prompting office workers to break up their sedentary behaviour, although further research is needed to determine whether this has an additional impact on sedentary behaviour, to education alone. Social Cognitive Theory provides a useful framework for understanding the barriers and facilitators that influence occupational sedentary behaviour. Future research would benefit from developing this further to include the influence of social and cultural norms, and perceived behavioural control in order to develop a theoretical underpinning for the design and implementation of interventions to improve sedentary behaviour patterns in the workplace.
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Nicholson, Sarah Louise. "The development and testing of a behavioural change intervention to increase physical activity, predominantly through walking, after stroke." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/29553.
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Introduction Globally stroke remains the leading cause of adult disability. An aging population and a reduction in stroke case fatality has led to an increasing number of people living with stroke i.e. stroke survivors. The ability to perform important day-to-day activities, such as walking and housework, is frequently impaired in stroke survivors. Therefore, it has become essential to address the long-term needs of stroke survivors, prompting focussed research on life after stroke. A reduction in physical fitness after stroke may contribute to stroke related disability. It is possible to improve physical fitness by regular, structured physical activity. Improving physical fitness after stroke and increasing physical activity are aspects of life after stroke that are increasingly being researched. Although the evidence base for the benefits of physical fitness training is growing, research has indicated that benefits gained are not always maintained at follow-up. To facilitate the uptake and maintenance of physical activity after stroke, it is essential to understand why many stroke survivors do not undertake regular physical activity. Understanding this difficult concept will enable the tailoring of behaviour change interventions to promote and maintain physical activity after stroke. However, there has been limited work in developing theory driven behaviour change interventions to increase physical activity in stroke survivors. Therefore, the aim of this thesis was to develop and test a behaviour change intervention to increase physical activity after stroke. Methods In order to address the above aim, six interlinking studies were conducted within the development and feasibility stages of the MRC framework for the development of complex interventions. A systematic review (study one) examined barriers and facilitators to physical activity perceived by stroke survivors. This study showed a lack of literature in this area, and that the already published studies had limited generalisability to the UK stroke population. Therefore, it was deemed appropriate to conduct a qualitative study (study two) to examine the perceived barriers and facilitators to physical activity in the local stroke population. Both studies one and two highlighted the influence of self-efficacy towards increasing physical activity. As part of earlier work conducted prior to this PhD, there was previously unanalysed data on perceived barriers and facilitators to physical activity after stroke. These quantitative data encompassed specific questions exploring self-efficacy and intention to physical activity post stroke. In light of the evidence it was deemed necessary to analyse these data (study three). It was envisaged that the behaviour change intervention would incorporate a feedback device, so participants could clearly see how much daily physical activity they were undertaking. An opportunity arose to collaborate with a team at Newcastle University who had developed an accelerometer that incorporated an immediate feedback screen. Therefore, a device validation study was conducted as study four. Results from studies one to four were combined, with the use of the Theoretical Domains Framework, and the behaviour change intervention was developed. Two uncontrolled pilot studies (studies five and six) were conducted to determine the feasibility and acceptability of the behaviour change intervention to the stroke population. Results The systematic review included six articles, providing data on 174 stroke survivors. Commonly reported barriers were environmental factors, health concerns and stroke impairments. Commonly reported facilitators were social support and the need to be able to perform daily tasks. Qualitative interviews were conducted with 13 stroke survivors, at which point data saturation was reached. The most commonly reported TDF domains were ‘beliefs about capabilities’, ‘environmental context and resources’ and ‘social influence’. The quantitative study provided data from 50 stroke survivors. Intention and self-efficacy were high, with self-efficacy graded as either 4 or 5 (highly confident) on a five-point scale by [34 (68%)] participants, whilst 42 (84%) participants “strongly agreed” or “agreed” that they intended to increase their walking after their stroke. Ten participants were recruited to validate the new accelerometer. Mean time since stroke was 29 days (SD =27.9 days). The 10 participants walked a mean distance of 245 meters (SD=129m) and their mean walking speed was 0.79ms-1 (SD=0.34ms-1). The Culture Lab were unable to develop the accelerometer in the necessary time frame and therefore no accelerometer was available for trialling the behaviour change intervention. Therefore, pedometers were used to record step count during the behaviour change intervention. A total of four participants took part in the 12 week behaviour change intervention, over two study periods. All participants managed to increase their step counts during this time. The studies had problems both with recruitment and retention of participants. These issues have been discussed. Conclusions This work has enhanced the understanding of the barriers and facilitators perceived by stroke survivors to increase physical activity. This work has allowed the development of a theoretically driven, complex behaviour change intervention that was successfully trialled with a small group of stroke survivors. Areas of further research have been discussed.
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Stapleton, Denise R. "Development, implementation and evaluation of a nutrition education and behaviour program for children with cystc fibrosis." Thesis, Curtin University, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/784.
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Background: Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a genetically inherited disease which adversely affects the respiratory and gastrointestinal systems. Malnutrition is a major clinical problem in individuals with the disease. Nutritional interventions are warranted as improvements in nutritional status could improve the rates of morbidity and mortality associated with the disease. The review of the literature indicated the need to develop a behavioural-based nutrition prevention program in order for children to achieve CF dietary requirements and appropriate pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy.Methods: The intervention program, Go and Grow with CF, and nutrition and pancreatic enzyme knowledge and self-management questionnaires were developed for children with CF and their carers as part of this thesis. Social learning theory constructs which particularly assist children in achieving desirable behaviours were applied during the development of the Go and Grow with CF program. The program consisted of workshops and a home-based course.Fifty eight children with cystic fibrosis, aged 2 to 11 years, and their carers participated in a clinical trial that was designed to assess the effects of the Go and Grow with CF pilot program on knowledge, self-management, behaviour, dietary intake and body composition, using anthropometry. Process evaluation was conducted on the pilot program and on the clinic-wide implementation of the revised Go and Grow with CF program. The revised program included the Australian Pancreatic Enzyme Replacement Therapy Guidelines and the effects of fat-based dosing were assessed with a cohort of 29 children with CF-related pancreatic insufficiency aged 1 to 13 years.Results: Similar to the process evaluation of the pilot program, 100% of carers who completed the revised home-based course indicated that they would recommend Go and Grow with CF to other families with a child who has CF. The 'objective assessment of knowledge indicated a significant m improvement in' children's knowledge in the short-term. There were no statistically significant improvements in any of the other parameters assessed. The lack of significant improvements in self-management, behaviour, dietary intake and anthropometry may have been because the program had no effect, the parameters assessed or the instruments used (particularly the questionnaires) were not sufficiently sensitive, the sample size (which was determined by the CF population available) was too small or the duration of the intervention and follow-up was too short.Conclusion: Carers' unanimous recommendation of Go and Grow with CF, together with high levels of perceived learning, reported increase in confidence and improvement in children's knowledge in the short-term, indicate the benefits of the program.Although there was no statistically significant improvement in the anthropometric measurements after the intervention, 'the extensive data obtained during this study suggest that measurements of height and weight may underestimate the presence of poor nutritional status. It is likely that comprehensive assessments of body composition of children with CF would be useful in detecting mild degrees of malnutrition and in providing information about the effects of nutritional status on morbidity and mortality associated with the disease.Fat-based pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy dosing warrants further investigation given that parents had a strong preference for this method and that fat absorption remains abnormal in the majority of individuals who have pancreatic insufficiency. Evaluation of all pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy dosing methods are needed and this research suggests that dose should be assessed on a meal and snack basis, rather than just on daily intake, in order for levels of adherence to be examined.The apparent absence of a long-term effect of a single exposure to the program on knowledge suggests that regular, ongoing education and counselling is required by families to reinforce aspects related to the child's current stage of development and disease status.
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Smith, Edna J. "An Intervention to Change Attitudes and Physical Activities of Adult Foster Care Home Workers in Hawaii." Thesis, Brandman University, 2017. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10277652.
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ABSTRACT An Intervention to Change Attitudes and Physical Activities of Adult Foster Care Home Workers in Hawaii by Edna J. Smith Insufficient information is available in the medical literature to describe the physical activity habits of adult foster care home workers. Healthcare workers are notorious for lack of self-care. Being a health care worker is a mentally and physically demanding job. It stands to reason that physically fit health care workers are less likely to suffer injury or become ill. This study questions whether attitudes towards physical activity outside the workplace can be influenced the recommended downloading of a smartphone application (smart-phone app). The intervention of the smart phone application provides a free standardized way to manage physical activity. Pre- and post-intervention questionnaires survey attitudes and thoughts towards physical activity. Each participant was provided access to these questionnaires prior to downloading the smart phone application. Approximately six weeks after the initial questionnaires were returned from the study participants, the questionnaires were given again. The data analysis for this study reveals the responses of the 21 study participants to preand post-questionnaires. Interestingly, 19 of the 21 voluntary study participant identified as being of Filipino ethnicity. Filipinos are the second largest ethnic group in Hawaii (Inouye, Matsuura, Li, Castro, & Leake, 2014), where the study took place. Key Words: adult foster care homes, physical activity, exercise, Filipino healthcare workers
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Anzeljc, Samantha Ann. "A Primary Care Intervention for Management of Childhood Obesity." The Ohio State University, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1366237927.
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Hanratty, Marcus. "Design for Sustainable Behaviour : a conceptual model and intervention selection model for changing behaviour through design." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2015. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/19548.
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This thesis is based in the research area of Design for Sustainable Behaviour (DfSB), a field which seeks to reduce the social and environmental impact of products in the use phase of their life cycle. There has been significant theoretical development in this area in recent years, leading to a proliferation of intervention strategies and design methodologies. However, there has been a recognised lack of a reliable means of selecting which intervention strategy to use in a given situation, and a lack of real world intervention case studies generating measurable medium-to-long term reductions in energy consumption. Addressing these gaps was a central focus of this research. This thesis documents four distinct research phases; an extensive literature review, an in-depth user study of existing energy consuming behaviours and motivations, the development and trialling of design interventions, and the evaluation of the generated theories as a tool for designers. Literature on domestic energy consumption, human behaviour, and approaches to changing behaviour was reviewed to establish the current level of thinking and to identify opportunities for further research. This guided the undertaking of the user study with a number of families in the East Midlands of the UK, which illuminated the relevant motivational goals, and highly routinized nature, displayed in many energy consuming behaviours. Over the course of this phase of the research journey a new conceptual model of behaviour in context was developed, and refined to create the Behavioural Intervention Selection Axis (BISA). These theoretical developments were then applied to the generation of DfSB intervention concepts, one of which was selected and developed to a functional prototype stage. These prototypes were trialled in situ in family homes for an extended period, and achieved a significant change in behaviour and related energy consumption. Further evaluation of the BISA as a tool to guide designers was performed through a series of workshops with design students, which ascertained its usefulness in this respect. Both the intervention development and trialling and the design workshops showed the conceptual model and BISA to be successful in providing designers with a reliable and useful means of selecting appropriate intervention strategies to change behaviour. In addition the intervention trial provided a wealth of qualitative insight into the way in which DfSB can effect behaviour, and the range of new motivational goals it can engender.