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Journal articles on the topic 'Bechdel test'
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Stigsdotter, Ingrid. "After the A-rating mo(ve)ment: The Bechdel test in Swedish screen culture and beyond." Journal of Scandinavian Cinema 12, no. 2 (June 1, 2022): 135–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/jsca_00069_1.
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This article traces the Bechdel test in Swedish journalistic discourse, showing how the A-rating campaign – sometimes described as a movement – popularized the concept in Sweden in 2013. In addition, criticism of the Bechdel test and A-rating is linked to criticism of recent Swedish cultural policy on film through the common denominator of contrasting quantification with quality. Finally, the article shows how the Bechdel test has inspired computer-based analytical approaches to gender on-screen that would merit further explorations in feminist film scholarship.
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Freitas, José Nahuel, Milena Rosenzvit, and Stephanie Muller. "Automatización del Test de Bechdel-Wallace." Ética y Cine Journal 6, no. 3 (November 1, 2016): 35. http://dx.doi.org/10.31056/2250.5415.v6.n3.16498.
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<span>Una película pasa el Test de Bechdel-Wallace si cumple que 1) hay al menos dos mujeres en ella que 2) en algún momento hablan entre sí 3) acerca de algo que no es un hombre. Se cree que aproximadamente el 40 % de las películas actuales falla en el Test. A pesar del enorme potencial que tiene esta herramienta para hacer visible la desigualdad de género en el cine, no se ha desarrollado, desde su creación en 1985, una versión automática de la misma. Ese fue el propósito de este trabajo. El test desarrollado permitió, a través del análisis de los guiones del sitio imsdb.com, obtener evidencia de que la cantidad de películas que pasan el test es incluso menor a estimaciones previas. Además, este programa permite analizar grandes corpus de guiones en función del género cinematográfico.</span>
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Garcia, David, Ingmar Weber, and Venkata Garimella. "Gender Asymmetries in Reality and Fiction: The Bechdel Test of Social Media." Proceedings of the International AAAI Conference on Web and Social Media 8, no. 1 (May 16, 2014): 131–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/icwsm.v8i1.14522.
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The subjective nature of gender inequality motivates the analysis and comparison of data from real and fictional human interaction. We present a computational extension of the Bechdel test: A popular tool to assess if a movie contains a male gender bias, by looking for two female characters who discuss about something besides a man. We provide the tools to quantify Bechdel scores for both genders, and we measure them in movie scripts and large datasets of dialogues between users of MySpace and Twitter. Comparing movies and users of social media, we find that movies and Twitter conversations have a consistent male bias, which does not appear when analyzing MySpace. Furthermore, the narrative of Twitter is closer to the movies that do not pass the Bechdel test than to those that pass it. We link the properties of movies and the users that share trailers of those movies. Our analysis reveals some particularities of movies that pass the Bechdel test: Their trailers are less popular, female users are more likely to share them than male users, and users that share them tend to interact less with male users. Based on our datasets, we define gender independence measurements to analyze the gender biases of a society, as manifested through digital traces of online behavior. Using the profile information of Twitter users, we find larger gender independence for urban users in comparison to rural ones. Additionally, the asymmetry between genders is larger for parents and lower for students. Gender asymmetry varies across US states, increasing with higher average income and latitude. This points to the relation between gender inequality and social, economical, and cultural factors of a society, and how gender roles exist in both fictional narratives and public online dialogues.
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J B, Anna Asheervadham Mary, and Dr Mallika Vijaya. "Relevance of Bechdel Test and Reverse Bechdel Test in Women-Centric Indian Cinema: A Case Study of English Vinglish and Queen." International Journal of Communication and Media Science 7, no. 2 (June 25, 2020): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.14445/2349641x/ijcms-v7i2p101.
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Selisker, Scott. "The Bechdel Test and the Social Form of Character Networks." New Literary History 46, no. 3 (2015): 505–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/nlh.2015.0024.
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ÖZ, Gülden, and Devrim SEÇEN. "Türk Sinemasında Kadının Temsil Sorununa Alternatif Bir Yöntemle Bakmak: Bechdel Test." Erciyes İletişim Dergisi 6, no. 1 (January 21, 2019): 467–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.17680/erciyesiletisim.460827.
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Theresa Strouth Gaul. "Female Relationships in Susanna Rowson's Sincerity: The Bechdel Test and American Literature Syllabi." Legacy 34, no. 1 (2017): 141. http://dx.doi.org/10.5250/legacy.34.1.0141.
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O’Meara, Jennifer. "What “The Bechdel Test” doesn’t tell us: examining women’s verbal and vocal (dis)empowerment in cinema." Feminist Media Studies 16, no. 6 (September 29, 2016): 1120–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14680777.2016.1234239.
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Lindner, Andrew M., and Ziggy Schulting. "How Movies with a Female Presence Fare with Critics." Socius: Sociological Research for a Dynamic World 3 (January 1, 2017): 237802311772763. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2378023117727636.
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This study explores one potential mechanism contributing to the persistent underrepresentation of women in film by considering whether movie critics reward or penalize films with an independent female presence. Drawing on a sample of widely distributed movies from 2000 to 2009 (n = 975), we test whether films that pass the Bechdel Test (two or more named women speak to each other about something other than a man) have higher or lower Metacritic scores net of control variables, including arthouse production label, genre, production budget, including a top star, and being a sequel. The results indicate that the mere inclusion or absence of an independent female presence has no effect on a film’s composite critical evaluation. These findings suggest that while critical reviews are not a major factor contributing to women’s exclusion from film, movie critics as a whole do not advocate for films with an independent female presence.
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Woodsmall, ZoraAnn, and Sara Hare. "Gender Through the Lens of Children’s Films." Advances in Social Sciences Research Journal 9, no. 9 (September 10, 2022): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.14738/assrj.99.13026.
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This content analysis study sheds light on the gender inequality in popular children’s animated films. The dataset uses the North American theater grosses to rank the most popular 150 animated children’s films from 1990-2020. We found multiple patterns of gender inequality related to speaking roles, lead characters, physical portrayals, social roles, interpersonal relationships, and even the creators of the films. Male characters had three times as many speaking roles as female characters and had the lead role in 80% of the films. Correspondingly, 80% of the film creators (writers, directors, and producers) were male. Films that passed the Bechdel test had twice as many female writers as those that failed the test. The inequality and gender stereotyping one sees in the real world is reflected in this study of children’s films. Animated films are a popular media outlet for children, and this study highlights the impact that these skewed representations can have on children.
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Corral Rey, María Nieves, and Alexandra Sandulescu Budea. "Representaciones de la figura femenina en el cine español contemporáneo (2010-2020)." Área Abierta 22, no. 2 (June 2, 2022): 185–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.5209/arab.79015.
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El presente trabajo de investigación tiene como objetivo principal analizar las representaciones audiovisuales de la figura femenina en el cine español contemporáneo de la última década (2010-2020). Así, desde una investigación principalmente de corte cualitativo, se ha llevado a cabo un estudio de casos de una muestra integrada por 20 producciones cinematográficas que cumplen con una serie de criterios marcados, donde uno de estos criterios de selección ha sido el test de Bechdel. La muestra ha sido analizada siguiendo una ficha de análisis que recoge los ítems considerados más trascendentales en concordancia con los objetivos que se persiguen. Finalmente, como una de las conclusiones de este trabajo, se puede afirmar que en el cine español contemporáneo el patrón de la mujer se modifica substancialmente, alejándose de un modelo androcéntrico y adquiriendo rol de mujer independiente.
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Fonseca Hidalgo, José Andrés. "Representaciones narrativas de la mujer en el cine de ficción costarricense (2008-2012)." Cuadernos Inter.c.a.mbio sobre Centroamérica y el Caribe 14, no. 2 (October 20, 2017): 77. http://dx.doi.org/10.15517/c.a..v14i2.30947.
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El presente artículo busca conocer cuáles son las representaciones narrativas dominantes de la mujer en los largometrajes de ficción costarricenses estrenados entre los años 2008 y 2012. Para ello, 15 textos fílmicos se analizan desde tres perspectivas distintas: la cuantificación simple de protagonistas mujeres; la identificación de funciones actanciales recurrentes para los personajes femeninos dentro de las historias y, por último, la aplicación del “Test de Bechdel”. El estudio evidencia una marcada desigualdad en la cantidad de obras realizadas por mujeres frente a aquellas realizadas por hombres; construcciones distorsionadas de lo femenino y el predominio de una mirada masculina que articula la representación de la mujer como subordinada al hombre. Estas características reafirman las preocupaciones centrales de la Teoría Fílmica Feminista y nos llevan a plantearnos soluciones para minimizar la violencia simbólica en el contexto de una industria cinematográfica en auge.
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Aziz, Jamaluddin, Fuzirah Hashim, and Nor Fariza Mohd Nor. "Can We Not Just Talk About Men? The Bechdel Test, Narrative Salience and Female Voices in Two Selected Malay Films." Jurnal Komunikasi: Malaysian Journal of Communication 38, no. 4 (December 31, 2022): 303–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jkmjc-2022-3804-17.
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Western feminist film scholars’ claim that female characters are often defined in relation to their male counterparts resonates well in contemporary film and gender studies. This claim highlights the representational biases towards male privilege and primacy as visible signifiers; the ramification of this biasness is the invisibility of female subjectivity that renders them voiceless. Therefore, inquiries into female subjectivity in films outside of Hollywood context are crucial. This paper aims at identifying and comparing the representation of female characters in two Malaysian films of two genres - romance and horror - to highlight the consonance between female voice with feminine consciousness and empowerment. This study administers the Bechdel Test on two films selected using criterion sampling - 3 Temujanji and Pontianak Harum Sundal Malam - and suggests a novel approach by adding the analysis of the film using the concept of narrative salience. The analyses using both methods revealed contradictory results. 3 Temujanji, although failed most of the test, is revealed through narrative salience as assiduous towards feminine consciousness and empowerment. Pontianak Harum Sundal Malam, which passed the test, ironically and ideologically contained female voices within the patriarchal value system. The finding contributes towards the theorisation that women's voices in Malaysian films can be considered as an integral part of the acoustic register of films that enhances film analysis technique. Scriptwriters and filmmakers can utilise the test as a reference in which women can define themselves 'not in relation to men', while creating female characters who progressively think beyond patriarchy and androcentrism. Keywords: Women empowerment, Malay films, acoustic register, narrative salience, Hollywood.
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Valentowitsch, Johann. "DOES FEMALE SCREEN PRESENCE PAY OFF AT THE BOX OFFICE? AN EXPLORATORY ANALYSIS WITH SPECIAL EMPHASIS ON THE BECHDEL TEST." Journal of International Business and Economics 22, no. 1 (March 1, 2022): 40–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.18374/jibe-22-1.4.
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Monroy Rodriguez, Oxana Margarita. "REPRESENTACIÓN DE GÉNERO EN LOS FILMES NOMINADOS AL OSCAR 2020 EN LA CATEGORÍA DE MEJOR PELÍCULA." RAUDEM. Revista de Estudios de las Mujeres 8 (December 27, 2020): 58. http://dx.doi.org/10.25115/raudem.v8i0.3640.
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La comunicación audiovisual en la actualidad es muy importante pues es la manera en la que la gente construye su propia ideología de las cosas y así es como ha sido representada la mujer a lo largo de los años en las películas. El objetivo de esta investigación es analizar la percepción en los estudiantes respecto a la representación de género dentro de los filmes nominados a mejor película en los Academy Awards 2020. Basándonos en la pregunta ¿De qué forma perciben la representación de género dentro de los filmes presentados? La metodología de este estudia está basado en el Test de Bechdel en donde la brecha de género representado en las películas varía según la trama de las mismas. Las categorías de investigación analizadas son desde el estatus sociocultural, el gusto por el cine, la identificación de las personas con los personajes principales y la opinión de las películas nominadas al Oscar 2020.
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K., Anupama, and G. K. Chithra. "Of Castration Anxiety and Hypersexualized Female Bodies: A Critical Assessment of the Objectifying Gaze in Batman: Arkham Video Game Series." Theory and Practice in Language Studies 12, no. 9 (September 1, 2022): 1921–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.17507/tpls.1209.26.
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This article builds upon Laura Mulvey’s idea of the Male Gaze to conduct a feminist reading of the video game series Batman: Arkham (2009-2015). It does so by using Bechdel Test to analyze the depiction of the major female characters appearing in the series. The article investigates why portrayal of the women characters in video games is always problematic and how Batman: Arkham franchise becomes yet another transmedia text that fails in showing its female characters accurately. The textual analysis of the games confirms that the video game industry protects and perpetuates male privilege through the hypersexualization and objectification of female characters. As a result, the study further identifies a noticeable lack of compelling female characters in the video game series. Thus, the investigation calls for the necessity of a neutral and unbiased counter gaze for the legitimate portrayal of the women characters in the video game narratives as well as proper gender representation in the fast-growing game industry.
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Gutiérrez San Miguel, Begoña, Ana Catarina Pereira, and Daniel Acle Vicente. "De los estereotipos a la brecha de género y la vida después de los 70 años en la serie Grace y Frankie." Revista Latina, no. 77 (July 29, 2020): 413–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4185/rlcs-2020-1465.
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Introducción: Este artículo presenta los resultados parciales de una investigación interdisciplinar consecuencia de un proyecto de innovación subvencionado por la Universidad de Salamanca. Los estudios de género dentro del marco de la interseccionalidad surgen como una herramienta analítica a través de la cual comprender la complejidad del mundo, la diversidad de las personas y de las experiencias. Las desigualdades sociales, en este
Introducción: Este artículo presenta los resultados parciales de una investigación interdisciplinar consecuencia de un proyecto de innovación subvencionado por la Universidad de Salamanca. Los estudios de género dentro del marco de la interseccionalidad surgen como una herramienta analítica a través de la cual comprender la complejidad del mundo, la diversidad de las personas y de las experiencias. Las desigualdades sociales, en este caso, relacionadas con el género, la sexualidad, la edad o la capacidad vital, después de la juventud son los motores que subyacen a la investigación. Los medios de comunicación son todopoderosos como pantalla de reflexión de modelos sociales y culturales, de patrones masculinos y femeninos. Metodología: Se utilizó una metodología basada en la aplicación del test de Bechdel para discriminar la presencia y temática dialógica entre las dos protagonistas, y el Inclusion Rydel para evaluar el equilibrio por géneros en los equipos artístico-técnicos. Los objetivos fueron la identificación y ruptura de los estereotipos de género representados en la serie Grace y Frankie, cuyas protagonistas superan la barrera de los 70, continuando con expectativas vitales de forma activa e intensa. Resultados: Se constata un cambio de paradigma de los estereotipos tradicionales dado que las protagonistas de edades avanzadas siguen teniendo principios vitales importantes, con la aceptación de las debilidades consecuencia de la edad como algo natural y existencial. Conclusiones: Los resultados ofrecieron datos sorprendentes en el test de Rydel.
caso, relacionadas con el género, la sexualidad, la edad o la capacidad vital, después de la juventud son los motores que subyacen a la investigación. Los medios de comunicación son todopoderosos como pantalla de reflexión de modelos sociales y culturales, de patrones masculinos y femeninos. Metodología: Se utilizó una metodología basada en la aplicación del test de Bechdel para discriminar la presencia y temática dialógica entre las dos protagonistas, y el Inclusion Rydel para evaluar el equilibrio por géneros en los equipos artístico-técnicos. Los objetivos fueron la identificación y ruptura de los estereotipos de género representados en la serie Grace y Frankie, cuyas protagonistas superan la barrera de los 70, continuando con expectativas vitales de forma activa e intensa. Resultados: Se constata un cambio de paradigma de los estereotipos tradicionales dado que las protagonistas de edades avanzadas siguen teniendo principios vitales importantes, con la aceptación de las debilidades consecuencia de la edad como algo natural y existencial. Conclusiones: Los resultados ofrecieron datos sorprendentes en el test de Rydel.
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Vuković, Vesi. "Of bees, birds, trees, and women: iconography, superstition and victimization of female characters in Yugoslav New Film." Images. The International Journal of European Film, Performing Arts and Audiovisual Communication 28, no. 37 (March 31, 2021): 285–307. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/i.2020.37.16.
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This study investigates how the directors of two selected case study films criticise the real-life remnants of patriarchy in the family sphere, in nominally gender-equal Yugoslavia. I argue that they do this by transposing their stories from socialist Yugoslavia to the pre-socialist times: during Ottoman rule and monarchist Yugoslavia. The selected period films Breza/The Birch Tree (Ante Babaja, 1967, Yugoslavia) and Roj/The Beehive aka The Swarm (Miodrag ‘Mića’ Popović, 1966, Yugoslavia), both belonging to the Yugoslav novi film (New Film) movement (1961-1972), refract the workings of the vestiges of patriarchy in a family domain of Yugoslav socialist society. In these two costume dramas, patriarchy is portrayed to its fullest extent, due to their stories being set in the past, ostensibly unrelated to contemporary Yugoslav society and thus uninhibited by the drive to cater to the official discourse of female emancipation.
Applying a critical film feminist perspective, by formal analysis via close readings of these two selected films, this article examines the iconography linked to fictional depictions of heroines and delves into the representation of victimisation of women. I investigate whether the depiction of the female sorceress(es) embody the primitiveness, ignorance, and/or poverty of economically disadvantaged and historically oppressed pre-socialist village. In order to peruse not only the individual portrayal of female protagonists but the dynamics of their interaction, the Bechdel test is applied and complemented with concepts such as the ‘reversed masquerade’ and ‘cryptomatriarchy’, which sheds light on the relationship between women and the presence or absence of female solidarity.
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Fischer, Gerhard H. "Remarks on “equivalent linear logistic test models” by Bechger, Verstralen, and Verhelst (2002)." Psychometrika 69, no. 2 (June 2004): 305–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02295946.
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Reichmann, Frank. "A practical Approach to predict Service Life and Re-lubrication Rate of Grease in Rolling Bearings." Tribologie und Schmierungstechnik 69, eOnly Sonderausgabe (November 18, 2022): 19–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.24053/tus-2022-0027.
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Lubrication is crucial for a sustainable operation of any machinery. A sustainable application of lubricants requires the avoidance of any waste, lubricants should not be exchanged long before their service life has ended. This refers especially to those applications where high operation temperatures are reducing the service life and require a huge consumption of lubricants. Therefore, to fulfil the requirement of sustainability a prediction of the service life at elevated temperatures is crucial. At elevated temperatures the service life of lubricants is limited by thermal aging. This results from a chemical reaction of components of the grease with the oxygen of the ambient air. Such a process follows the Arrhenius equation of chemical kinetics and is given by a straight line in a so-called Arrhenius plot. The slope of the line in the Arrhenius plot is given by the activation energy EA. The FAG FE9 test run is a typical method to assess the service life of a lubricating grease in bearings at elevated temperatures. The test is performed at the upper temperature limit of the grease and gives the service life at this maximum temperature. Once the activation energy EA is available the service life at any other temperature may be calculated. Since the temperature of Abstract *Frank Reichmann CARL BECHEM GMBH, Hagen, Germany the FE9 test run is usually the upper temperature limit the operation temperature is usually lower. Once the calculation start from a high temperature in direction a lower temperature low figures of activation energy EA are resulting in conservative service lives, as it is displayed in in this paper. In case of high figures of the activation energy EA the calculated service life becomes too high what may result in bearing failures. With FE9 test runs at different temperatures an activation energy EA = 75 kJ/mol was found for a reference grease. Laboratory methods to determine the activation energy do usually result is much higher figures. For example, HP-DSC test with this reference grease resulted in an activation energy EA > 100 kJ/mol, mostly it was even EA > 120 kJ/mol. Such a result will lead to unrealistic high calculated service lives. An activation energy of EA = 75 kJ/mol is basically a proper assumption for the calculation of service life of most greases. Generally it is always recommended to estimate a low activation energy.
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Marisetty, Nagendra, and Pardhasaradhi Madasu. "Corporate Announcements and Market Efficiency: A Case on Indian Capital Market." International Journal of Business and Management 16, no. 8 (July 12, 2021): 71. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ijbm.v16n8p71.
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Capital markets being the backbone of the economy, are expected to be functioning efficiently. Efficiently-priced financial markets are considered a catalyst for the economic growth of the nations (Malkiel, 2010). Efficient markets are the reflection of security valuations. In an informationally efficient market, no one can beat the market and make abnormal returns based on the information because the information is instantaneously observed in the stock prices. The current paper analyses the market efficiency of three of the most popular corporate events, i.e., announcement of cash dividends, bonus issues, and stock split in the Indian context. The sample is 2253 pure cash dividend announcements (627 large-caps, 552 mid-caps, and 1074 small-caps), 152 bonus issue announcements (49 large-caps, 33 mid-caps, and 70 small-caps), and 181 stock split announcements (35 large-caps, 34 mid-caps, and 112 small-caps) were used for this study. Event methodology market model used to calculate Average Abnormal Returns (AAR) and Cumulative Average Abnormal Returns (CAAR).
The results of the study have few findings which are contradictory to the existing literature on market efficiency. The cash dividend announcements have shown evidence for market efficiency, and results are contrary to Gupta et al. (2012), but the results are similar to Mishra (2005). Bonus issue announcements also have shown evidence for a semi-strong form of efficiency, test results identical to Dhar and Chhaochharia (2008), Kumar and Mittal (2015). Stock split announcements have not shown market efficiency, and the effect is similar to the study of Lakshmi and Roy (2012) and contrary to Chavali and Zahid (2011). Our results also support the premise that the emerging countries depict evidence of market efficiency (Bechev, 2003). Finally, we conclude that market efficiency results differ based on corporate announcements and market capitalization.
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Zhao, Ying-Qi, Suresh T. Chari, Anirban Maitra, Lynn M. Matrisian, Eva E. Shrader, Bechien U. Wu, Avinash Kambadakone, et al. "Abstract A028: The Early Detection Initiative trial version 2: A platform trial to test novel approaches to pancreatic cancer screening in patients with new onset hyperglycemia and diabetes." Cancer Research 82, no. 22_Supplement (November 15, 2022): A028. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.panca22-a028.
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Abstract The Early Detection Initiative (EDI) is an innovative study designed to build a platform that will evaluate novel approaches to early detection of resectable pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) in patients over age 50 with new onset hyperglycemia and diabetes (NOD). This randomized controlled trial (RCT) of algorithm-based screening for PDAC uses a modified Zelen’s design with post-randomization consent. Eligible subjects are identified through electronic medical record (EMR) surveillance and randomized 1:1 to the Observation or Intervention Arm. The Enriching New-onset Diabetes for Pancreatic Cancer (ENDPAC) score, an algorithm that further risk stratifies NOD based on age and changes in weight and glycemic parameters, is calculated in the Intervention Arm. Consenting subjects with ENDPAC >0 have Computerized Tomography (CT) scan imaging for PDAC detection; potential harm, including over-diagnosis, is also estimated. At the time of abstract submission >2000 individuals have been randomized and >50 subjects consented for CT imaging. EDI version 2 adds several innovations in response to challenges encountered and experience gained so far. Most significantly, EDI v2 has a platform design with a common control arm and allows for multiple intervention arms. This opens the door for evaluating future new biomarkers for PDAC early detection in a high–risk NOD population, including new blood-based biomarkers for the early detection of cancer that are now commercially available. EDI v2 focuses primarily on co-efficacy endpoints (PDAC stage shift in ENDPAC >0 group, and in all patients, excluding non-consented patients); effectiveness evaluation becomes a secondary objective. This addresses the challenges of low consent rate (~25%) due to lack of awareness of connection between NOD and PDAC and low acceptance for a novel research screening modality. The analyses of primary endpoints were adjusted to accommodate potential over-diagnosis due to screening and imbalance between ENDPAC >0 and ENDPAC ≤0 groups due to low consent rate and likely imperfect enrichment by ENDPAC, when evaluating all patients. Electronic eligibility checks and consent shorten the recruitment time, a critical factor for stage shift due to rapid progression of PDAC. A pre-randomization screening pilot study is planned to enhance the post-randomization consent rate. Intervention to Control randomization ratio is changed to 2:1, allowing more rapid recruitment and, when factoring the consent rate, doubling the sample size of the observation arm. Through these innovations, EDI v2 maintains the full advantage of Zelen’s design that made the trial feasible in sample size and cost. Simulation studies demonstrate that our approach correctly controls the type-1 error and the trial has adequate statistical power. The EDI trial represents an innovative and contemporary approach to developing and refining an early detection strategy for pancreatic cancer. Citation Format: Ying-Qi Zhao, Suresh T. Chari, Anirban Maitra, Lynn M. Matrisian, Eva E. Shrader, Bechien U. Wu, Avinash Kambadakone, Barbara Kenner, Jo Ann S. Rinaudo, Sudhir Srivastava, Ying Huang, Ziding Feng. The Early Detection Initiative trial version 2: A platform trial to test novel approaches to pancreatic cancer screening in patients with new onset hyperglycemia and diabetes [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Pancreatic Cancer; 2022 Sep 13-16; Boston, MA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(22 Suppl):Abstract nr A028.
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Valentowitsch, Johann. "Hollywood caught in two worlds? The impact of the Bechdel test on the international box office performance of cinematic films." Marketing Letters, October 18, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11002-022-09652-5.
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Abstract The Bechdel test is increasingly used in academia as a quality indicator for the portrayal of women in films. Previous studies explored how passing the Bechdel test affects box office earnings. However, earlier considerations were all limited to the US market. Therefore, the impact of the Bechdel test on international box office receipts is still unclear. To fill this research gap, this study examines the box office effect for internationally released films at the country level. Using a sample of 515 randomly selected Hollywood films, it is shown that passing the test significantly improves international box office earnings. However, the results also show that the effect depends on the level of socioeconomic development in the respective countries. Cultural discount theory is used to explain the empirical findings.
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Morales, Haley, and Daniel Olivo. "Trends in Gender Portrayal in the Avengers Series: A Conventional Content Analysis." Journal of Student Research 10, no. 1 (March 31, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.47611/jsrhs.v10i1.1348.
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The Bechdel test, used to examine the frequency and portrayal of women in film, consists of three criteria – (1) a movie must represent two or more women, (2) who have names and speak to each other, (3) about anything other than a man. In order to answer the research question “Based on the Bechdel test, how does the Avengers series portray their female characters compared to their male characters?”, this paper utilizes and extends beyond the Bechdel test by performing a conventional content analysis of same-gender conversations in four top-grossing superhero films – Marvel’s The Avengers (2012), Avengers: Age of Ultron (2015), Avengers: Infinity War (2018), and Avengers: Endgame (2019). By combining the simplicity of the Bechdel test with a qualitative approach to code dialogue, this paper illustrates the underrepresentation of female characters and specific differences between the portrayal of men and women in modern Marvel films. While the films improved in the amount of female characters and female-to-female conversations over time, there is still a small amount of female-to-female conversations in these films compared to male-to-male conversations. Furthermore, while male characters rarely spoke to each other about women, female characters spoke to each other about men very often. Some common elements of dialogue for both male and female characters were worries about danger, discussions of violence, and insulting others. Implications regarding this portrayal’s impact on female viewers are discussed.
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Appel, Markus, and Timo Gnambs. "Women in fiction: Bechdel-Wallace Test results for the highest-grossing movies of the last four decades." Psychology of Popular Media, September 1, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/ppm0000436.
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Brunet, Marie-Hélène. "TEST DE BECHDEL ET AGENTIVITÉ DES FEMMES DANS L’HISTOIRE : ANALYSE DES DISCUSSIONS SUR UN FORUM EN LIGNE." Revue de recherches en littératie médiatique multimodale 12 (2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1073685ar.
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"Supplemental Material for Women in Fiction: Bechdel-Wallace Test Results for the Highest-Grossing Movies of the Last Four Decades." Psychology of Popular Media, August 25, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/ppm0000436.supp.
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Clementoni, Eric M., Timothy L. Cox, and Christopher P. Sprague. "Startup and Operation of a Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Brayton Cycle." Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 136, no. 7 (February 18, 2014). http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.4026539.
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Bechtel Marine Propulsion Corporation (BMPC) is testing a supercritical carbon dioxide (S-CO2) Brayton system at the Bettis Atomic Power Laboratory. The 100 kWe integrated system test (IST) is a two shaft recuperated closed Brayton cycle with a variable speed turbine driven compressor and a constant speed turbine driven generator using S-CO2 as the working fluid. The IST was designed to demonstrate operational, control, and performance characteristics of an S-CO2 Brayton power cycle over a wide range of conditions. Initial operation of the IST has proven a reliable method for startup of the Brayton loop and heatup to normal operating temperature (570 °F). An overview of the startup process, including initial loop fill and charging, and heatup to normal operating temperature is presented. Additionally, aspects of the IST startup process which are related to the loop size and component design which may be different for larger systems are discussed.
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Clementoni, Eric M., Timothy L. Cox, and Martha A. King. "Off-Nominal Component Performance in a Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Brayton Cycle." Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 138, no. 1 (August 25, 2015). http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.4031182.
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Bechtel Marine Propulsion Corporation (BMPC) is testing a supercritical carbon dioxide (sCO2) Brayton system at the Bettis Atomic Power Laboratory. The integrated system test (IST) is a simple recuperated closed Brayton cycle with a variable-speed turbine-driven compressor and a constant-speed turbine-driven generator using sCO2 as the working fluid designed to output 100 kWe. The main focus of the IST is to demonstrate operational, control, and performance characteristics of an sCO2 Brayton power cycle over a wide range of conditions. Therefore, the IST was designed to operate in a configuration and at conditions that support demonstrating the controllability of the closed sCO2 Brayton cycle. Operating at high system efficiency and meeting a specified efficiency target are not requirements of the IST. However, efficiency is a primary driver for many commercial applications of sCO2 power cycles. This paper uses operational data to evaluate component off-nominal performance and predict that design system operation would be achievable.
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Albu, Evelyn, and Heather Lasseter. "Would You Figure It Out? Differential Diagnoses: Beyond the Usual." EMJ Hepatology, June 16, 2015, 60–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.33590/emjhepatol/10312324.
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The Synageva BioPharma-sponsored symposium discussed the differential diagnoses for liver diseases that may be under-recognised in clinical settings, with a focus on lysosomal acid lipase deficiency (LAL D). LAL D is a lysosomal storage disorder caused by deficient activity of the lysosomal acid lipase enzyme, resulting in the accumulation of cholesteryl esters and triglycerides throughout the body, predominantly in the liver, spleen, gastrointestinal tract, and blood vessel walls. LAL D is a progressive, multisystem disease with early mortality and significant morbidity that is characterised by hepatic dysfunction and dyslipidaemia. Evidence suggests that LAL D may be substantially underdiagnosed or misdiagnosed, which is critical given that disease progression can be unpredictable, with liver failure and/or accelerated atherosclerosis potentially contributing to early mortality. However, a definitive diagnosis of LAL D can be made using a LAL enzyme-based biochemical test, thereby allowing for active monitoring of patients to reduce the potential for disease complications. To raise awareness of LAL D, this symposium, chaired by Prof Vlad Ratziu, centered on the presentation of patient cases by Dr Lauren Johansen, Prof Christophe Moreno, and Prof Ali Canbay, who discussed the path to diagnosing LAL D in children and adults. In addition, Dr Mark Bechter of Synageva BioPharma provided an overview of current data from an ongoing Phase III clinical trial assessing the efficacy and safety of sebelipase alfa, a recombinant LAL replacement therapy, in children and adults with LAL D.
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Patel, Fahim. "OA25 Constitutional trisomy 8 mosaicism is associated with a paediatric incomplete Bechet’s-like phenotype." Rheumatology Advances in Practice 6, Supplement_1 (September 26, 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/rap/rkac066.025.
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Abstract Introduction/Background Behcet’s disease is a rare paediatric diagnosis and to date there is no single confirmatory gold-standard test or approach. Instead, decisions are clinician-led based on experience, pattern recognition and categorisation according to international criteria. Diagnostic dilemmas arise when patients present at early ages with an incomplete or atypical phenotype. Such cases should prompt clinicians to consider Bechet-like mimics with emphasis of monogenetic and chromosomal causes in younger children. Description/Method A 5-year-old boy with constitutional Trisomy 8 mosaicism was referred to a Bechet’s disease National Centre of Excellence paediatric clinic with cyclical episodes of fever, mouth ulcers, pseudofolliculitis and headaches. During the initial outpatient assessment period (6-12 months) symptoms were reported every 2-3 months and would last for around 1-2 weeks at a time. Physical examination and a photo diary reveal oral ulcers and rashes. He had pre-existing skeletal dysmorphism with severe pectus carinatum, scoliosis and widespread limb contractures secondary to Trisomy 8. Serial blood testing around episodes showed an associated inflammatory response. Although his phenotype was incomplete; with evidence of recurrent autoinflammation a trial of immunosuppression with colchicine was commenced. He displayed a dose-dependent improvement as evidenced by reduction in the frequency and severity of episodes. His Behcet’s-like disease remains well controlled and to date there has been no amyloidosis, ocular, gastrointestinal or cardiovascular complications. Discussion/Results Behcet’s disease is a multisystem chronic vasculitis presenting with widespread mucosal involvement occurring in a relapsing-remitting fashion. Classic manifestations are recurrent sterile aphthous ulcers, genital ulcers, mucosal eye involvement and a positive Pethargy test. It usually presents with all of these classic features by the 3rd or 4th decade of life; children can be affected but usually present with paucity of symptoms not reaching diagnostic criteria. As such, the accumulation of symptoms during a follow-up period may lead to a diagnostic lag of around 3-5 years. The young age of this patient therefore raised clinical suspicion for an alternative diagnosis. The aetiology of Bechet’s disease has elucidated rheumatologists since the first description in 1937. An association with HLA-B51 antigen is well documented but not fully understood. The advent of widely available next-generation genetics provides important clues to its aetiology and helps delineate monogenic and chromosomal mimics. To date 21 genetic loci have been identified through genome-wide association studies and least 11 monogenic and chromosomal mimics been described in the literature. Constitutional Trisomy 8 mosaicism has been shown to be a chromosomal-driven mimic of Behcet disease. It is rare (1-25.000 to 1-50.000 live births) with a 5:1 male predilection; those affected present with a spectrum of abnormal facies, vertebral and limb anomalies including contractures. Interestingly a similar Bechet-like disease is also seen in patients who acquire Trisomy 8 mosaicism in cells affected by myeloid malignancies. Such cases are more numerous and predate those associated with the constitutional form. The final common pathogenesis is thought to be activation of the NF-κB pathway. Reports postulate overexpression of several cytokine genes, production of proinflammatory cytokines and reactive oxygen species. The exact pathogenesis is not fully understood, further research may reveal clues to understanding both Constitutional Trisomy 8 mosaicism and Behcet Disease. Key learning points/Conclusion Learning points: 1. Consider monogenic and chromosomal Behcet Disease mimics in those patients who present at young ages or at any time with atypical or incomplete features. 2. Our patient with Constitutional Trisomy 8 Mosaicism with Behcet-like disease showed a dose-dependent improvement with colchicine.
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El Qadiry, R., H. Nassih, A. Bourrahouat, and I. Ait Sab. "60 Childhood Behçet disease: clinical features, management and outcome of 13 cases." Rheumatology 61, Supplement_2 (October 1, 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/rheumatology/keac496.056.
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Abstract Background Behçet disease is a rare vasculitis that involves medium and small calibre arteries. Multisystem involvement is possible. Few are the papers that provide information about its clinical course, and outcome in the pediatric population. Also, the management is mainly based on adult guidelines. Objectives To shed light on the clinical course and outcome of juvenile Behçet disease. Methods A single center retrospective descriptive study of 13 children with Bechet disease. The mean follow-up period was for 3 years. Results We had 8 boys and 5 girls. Four of our patients were consanguineous. The mean age was 9 years. The mean interval between onset and diagnosis was 3 months. All of our patients had recurrent aphthous stomatitis with a median of 6 episodes per year. The other symptoms at diagnosis were concomitant genital ulcers in 4 cases, pseudo-folliculitis in 7 cases, urticarial rush in 4 cases, severe headache in 2 patients, stroke in one patient, prolonged and/or recurrent fever in 9 patients, uveitis in 4 cases, episcleritis in one case, arthritis in 5 cases, pulmonary hemorrhage in one case, and pyoderma gangrenosum in one case. The pathergy test was performed in all the patients, and was positive in 3 of them. Diagnosis was based on the International Criteria for Behcet's Disease. Acute phase reactants (ESR and CRP) were high in all patients. Meanwhile, granulocytosis was found in 10 patients. HLA 51 was positive in 8 patients, from whom three were siblings. All our patients were on steroids, five had colchicine, seven had azathioprine, two had methotrexate, two had cyclophosphamide, three had etanercept and one had tocilizumab. Complete remission was obtained in 8 cases in a mean time of 15 months, while five children had partial remission, and one boy lost sight of his left eye after a severe retinitis. Conclusion Behcet’s disease can cause severe sequalae if not diagnosed and treated on time. More studies are needed to establish management guidelines for pediatric population.
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Andrade, Francisco Rogiellyson Da Silva, Priscila Sandra Ramos de Lima, and Dannytza Serra Gomes. "A RESSIGNIFICAÇÃO DO ENSINO DE LEITURA PROPICIADA PELA FORMAÇÃO DOCENTE: UM ESTUDO DE CASO A PARTIR DE NARRATIVAS DE VIDA." fólio - Revista de Letras 12, no. 1 (July 2, 2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.22481/folio.v12i1.6571.
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Neste artigo, que é decorrente de nossos estudos no curso de Mestrado, temos como objetivo principal analisar concepções de leitura que emergem a partir da narrativa de experiência e de práxis sobre leitura de uma professora alfabetizadora que, à época em que foi entrevistada, ainda era estudante de graduação em Pedagogia. Para isso, partimos das considerações teóricas de Kleiman (1997), Silva (1999), Koch; Elias (2012) e Braggio (1992), autores que sintetizam as principais concepções de leitura que norteiam as ações pedagógicas no âmbito do ensino dessa habilidade. Metodologicamente, estabelecemos diálogo entre a etnossociologia de Bertaux (2010) e a abordagem clínica de coleta e análise de dados proposta por Vasconcelos (2005), defendendo uma metodologia que adota como objeto de análise narrativas de vida numa perspectiva indutiva de construção de hipóteses, com base nos estudos de caso. A análise demonstra que as experiências da professora, em sua narração, foram traumáticas, pois eram somente uma maneira de avaliar a interpretação. Em decorrência disso, as discussões teórico-metodológicas acadêmicas ressignificam a maneira como a professora seleciona atividades para trabalhar a leitura. Conclui-se que é importante uma sólida formação profissional universitária inicial e continuada que possa fazer os docentes repensarem suas concepções e metodologias.
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