Academic literature on the topic 'Beampattern'

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Journal articles on the topic "Beampattern"

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Rixon Fuchs, Louise, Atsuto Maki, and Andreas Gällström. "Optimization Method for Wide Beam Sonar Transmit Beamforming." Sensors 22, no. 19 (October 4, 2022): 7526. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22197526.

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Imaging and mapping sonars such as forward-looking sonars (FLS) and side-scan sonars (SSS) are sensors frequently used onboard autonomous underwater vehicles. To acquire information from around the vehicle, it is desirable for these sonar systems to insonify a large area; thus, the sonar transmit beampattern should have a wide field of view. In this work, we study the problem of the optimization of wide transmission beampatterns. We consider the conventional phased-array beampattern design problem where all array elements transmit an identical waveform. The complex weight vector is adjusted to create the desired beampattern shape. In our experiments, we consider wide transmission beampatterns (≥20∘) with uniform output power. In this paper, we introduce a new iterative-convex optimization method for narrowband linear phased arrays and compare it to existing approaches for convex and concave–convex optimization. In the iterative-convex method, the phase of the weight parameters is allowed to be complex as in disciplined convex–concave programming (DCCP). Comparing the iterative-convex optimization method and DCCP to the standard convex optimization, we see that the former methods archive optimized beampatterns closer to the desired beampatterns. Furthermore, for the same number of iterations, the proposed iterative-convex method achieves optimized beampatterns, which are closer to the desired beampattern than the beampatterns achieved by optimization with DCCP.
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Zhang, Xiaojun, and Zishu He. "The MIMO Radar Transmit Beampattern Matching Design with Sidelobe Suppression." Electronics 11, no. 22 (November 8, 2022): 3650. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics11223650.

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In this paper, a novel method termed the cosine approach is proposed to address the sidelobe suppression problem in MIMO radar transmit beampattern matching design. In contrast to the traditional optimization algorithms that try to find the optimum solutions from feasible regions, the proposed method, starting from outside the feasible regions, aims to obtain a satisfactory solution from a series of optimal transmit beampatterns. We first standardized the sidelobe suppression problem in MIMO radar transmit beampattern matching design and put forward four criteria to guide the micro-adjustment to the desired beampattern. Then, the cosine method was proposed to adjust the desired beampattern as well as increase the main-to-sidelobe ratio (MSLR) of the transmit beampattern. Finally, several numerical examples were chosen to test the effectiveness and advantages of the proposed method.
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Häcker, P., S. Uhlich, and B. Yang. "Fast beampattern evaluation by polynomial rooting." Advances in Radio Science 9 (July 29, 2011): 145–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/ars-9-145-2011.

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Abstract. Current automotive radar systems measure the distance, the relative velocity and the direction of objects in their environment. This information enables the car to support the driver. The direction estimation capabilities of a sensor array depend on its beampattern. To find the array configuration leading to the best angle estimation by a global optimization algorithm, a huge amount of beampatterns have to be calculated to detect their maxima. In this paper, a novel algorithm is proposed to find all maxima of an array's beampattern fast and reliably, leading to accelerated array optimizations. The algorithm works for arrays having the sensors on a uniformly spaced grid. We use a general version of the gcd (greatest common divisor) function in order to write the problem as a polynomial. We differentiate and root the polynomial to get the extrema of the beampattern. In addition, we show a method to reduce the computational burden even more by decreasing the order of the polynomial.
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Hong, Sheng, Yantao Dong, Rui Xie, Yu Ai, and Yuhao Wang. "Constrained Transmit Beampattern Design Using a Correlated LFM-PC Waveform Set in MIMO Radar." Sensors 20, no. 3 (January 31, 2020): 773. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20030773.

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This paper considers the design of a desired transmit beampattern under the good ambiguity function constraint using a correlated linear frequency modulation-phase coded (LFM-PC) waveform set in multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) radar. Different from most existing beampattern design approaches, we propose using the LFM-PC waveform set to conquer the challenging problem of synthesizing waveforms with constant-envelope and easy-generation properties, and, meanwhile, solve the hard constraint of a good ambiguity behaviour. First, the ambiguity function of the LFM-PC waveform set is derived, and the superiority of LFM-PC waveforms over LFM and PC waveforms is verified. The temporal and spatial characteristic analysis of the LFM-PC waveform set demonstrates that both the transmit beampattern and sidelobe level are mainly affected by the frequency intervals, bandwidths, and phase-coded sequences of the LFM-PC waveform set. Finally, the constrained beampattern design problem is formulated by optimizing these parameters for desired beampatterns and low sidelobes at different doppler frequencies, which is a bi-objective optimization problem. To solve this, we propose a joint optimization strategy followed by a mandatory optimization, where the sequence quadratic programming (SQP) algorithm and adaptive clonal selection (ACS) algorithm are exploited iteratively. The simulation results demonstrate the efficiency of our proposed method.
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Gholampour, Amir, Sayed Mahmoud Sakhaei, and Seyed Mehdi Hosseini Andargoli. "Robust Waveform Design of Ultrasound Arrays for Medical Imaging." Ultrasonic Imaging 40, no. 6 (September 11, 2018): 394–408. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0161734618797578.

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Sound speed is an effective parameter in designing an optimal beamformer. In conventional ultrasound imaging systems, the beamformer is designed assuming a fixed value of speed, whereas the speed in a tissue is not known precisely and also may fluctuate by a great value. The errors in estimating sound speed may lead to a severe degradation in the reconstructed image, as mainlobe width and sidelobe level of the beampattern are sensitive to the speed variations. In this paper, we consider the design of a transmit beamformer, which is robust to the speed variations. The problem is formulated as a convex optimization problem versus the covariance matrix of the excitation waveforms to obtain a beampattern with predefined mainlobe width and a minimum sidelobe level for all possible variations of speed. Then, by eigen-analysis of the obtained covariance matrix, a set of nonidentical single-carrier short-pulses for the excitation waveforms were designed. Various simulations indicate that the proposed method can yield a robust beampattern whose mainlobe width and sidelobe level almost remain constant by 10% speed variations. In contrast, the beampatterns obtained by nonrobust methods suffer extensive changes.
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Zhou, Changlin, Chunyang Wang, Jian Gong, Ming Tan, Yingjian Zhao, and Mingjie Liu. "FDA-MIMO Beampattern Synthesis with an Analytical Method." International Journal of Aerospace Engineering 2021 (November 13, 2021): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/9051131.

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Since the beampattern has the characteristics of range-angle dependence, frequency diverse array multiple-input multiple-output (FDA-MIMO) radar has a good application prospect. There have been many studies to improve the performance of the beampattern by optimizing the frequency offset. However, on the basis of fully understanding the time parameters, the relationship between the array element frequency offset and the beampattern performance still needs to be clarified. Based on a new FDA-MIMO radar framework, this paper presents an analytical solution of the beampattern, which removes the influence of the time parameter. Taking the minimum main lobe as the objective function, an analytical method for solving a better frequency offset is given. Then, a method of using the window function was proposed to reduce the high side lobes of the range dimension. Comparing with the existing FDA radar beampattern design methods, it can achieve a more focusing beampattern. The simulation results verify the correctness of the theory.
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Kadam, Vivek, and Surendra Bhosale. "A Modified Method for Beam-Forming Using Covariance Matrix in MIMO Radar System." International Journal on Engineering, Science and Technology 3, no. 2 (January 16, 2022): 176–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.46328/ijonest.68.

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A MIMO radar provides solution for beamforming, since transmit beampattern synthesis is well proven method for stimulating the antenna array to develop the beampattern. It is close to the desired one which can give minimum error between these two. A covariance matrix in beamforming contains the direction of invariable data and magnitude distribution in multidimensional space which decides the closeness with the desired beampattern. Here, selection of an optimal covariance matrix is constrained optimization problem with minimization of cost function. In high directivity radar systems, the antenna beam is needed to be steered to cover a large area for detection. In this proposed work, minimization of convex function and transmit beampattern synthesis is carried out with modifications of the covariance matrix ‘Rcov’ for minimum and maximum transmission power utilization constraints. The beampattern design problem is reformulated here, as semi-definite programming optimization problem and solved using convex optimization, with MATLAB simulation platform. The results show that the beampattern generated using this modified covariance matrix is optimally close to desired pattern.
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Tan, Ming, Chunyang Wang, Hui Yuan, Juan Bai, and Lei An. "FDA-MIMO Beampattern Synthesis with Hamming Window Weighted Linear Frequency Increments." International Journal of Aerospace Engineering 2020 (April 16, 2020): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/4851909.

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By utilizing a tiny frequency increment across the array elements, frequency diverse array (FDA) generates a beampattern possessing the property of range-angle-dependent. However, the beampattern of the conventional FDA is “S”-shaped, which means it is coupled in range-angle domains, resulting in low target indication accuracy and poor jamming suppression ability. In this paper, taking advantage of multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) technique and multiple matched filters, a new FDA framework using Hamming window weighted linear frequency increments is proposed. Correct FDA-MIMO framework and multiple matched filters are used to remove the influence of the time parameter. A range-angle-decoupled beampattern with sharp pencil-shaped mainlobe and low sidelobe levels can be produced. Comparing with the existing FDA-decoupled transmit beampattern design methods, a more focusing beampattern can be achieved. Simulation results validate the superiority of the proposed system.
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Gong, Pengcheng, and Zhenhai Shao. "Transmit Beampattern Synthesis with Constant Beamwidth and Sidelobe Control for Wideband MIMO Radar." International Journal of Antennas and Propagation 2014 (2014): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/376279.

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A beampattern synthesis approach is proposed to design the power spectral density matrix (PSDM), which is chosen to achieve a given transmit beampattern in wideband multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) radar systems. The proposed approach focuses on transmit beampattern synthesis with constant beamwidth and sidelobe control. Moreover, the design problem is further converted to a convex optimization problem, which is solved efficiently via the modeling system CVX. In comparison to these recently developed wideband MIMO beampattern synthesis methods, the proposed approach maintains a constant beamwidth across the entire frequency band and provides a great improvement in sidelobe control. Numerical simulation results are obtained to validate the effectiveness of this approach.
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Tan, Ming, Lei Bao, Hang Zhu, Wei Song, and Xinmei Wang. "Range-angle-dependent beamforming for FDA radar with Hamming interelement spacing and sinusoidal multicarrier approach." AIP Advances 13, no. 1 (January 1, 2023): 015003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0128079.

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By employing a tiny frequency offset across the array elements, a frequency diverse array (FDA) produces a beampattern with the property of being range-angle-dependent. However, the beampattern of a traditional FDA has many maxima at undesired range-angle couples, which is unfavorable for target localization and jamming suppression. In this paper, a novel FDA scheme with Hamming interelement spacing, namely, the HIS-FDA, is proposed. By adopting Hamming window weighted interelement spacing and frequency offsets optimized by the genetic algorithm, the HIS-FDA produces a dot-shaped well-performed beampattern, which has superior performance over the existing FDA systems, especially in the angle dimension. The multiple input multiple output technique and multiple matched filters are employed at the receiver to solve the time-varying problem. A new multicarrier (MC) technique termed the sinusoidal MC approach is also presented to improve the beampattern performance, especially in the range dimension. Our proposed scheme outperforms the existing FDA systems in terms of the mainlobe width in the range and angle profiles, the sidelobe level, and the range-angle spatial region of the mainlobe. Comparison results are provided to validate the superiority of the proposed scheme.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Beampattern"

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Ward, Darren Brett, and db_ward@hotmail com. "Theory and application of broadband frequency invariant beamforming." The Australian National University. Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, 1996. http://thesis.anu.edu.au./public/adt-ANU20050418.112459.

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In many engineering applications, including radar, sonar, communications and seismology, the direction of impinging signal wavefronts can be used to discriminate between competing sources. Often these source signals cover a wide bandwidth and conventional narrowband beamforming techniques are ineffective, since spatial resolution varies significantly across the band. In this thesis we consider the problem of beamforming for broadband signals, primarily when the spatial response remains constant as a function of frequency. This is called a frequency invariant beamformer (FIB).¶ Rather than applying the numerical technique of multi-parameter optimisation to solve for the beamformer parameters, we attempt to address the fundamental nature of the FIB problem. The general philosophy is to use a theoretical continuous sensor to derive relationships between a desired FI beampattern and the required signal processing structure. Beamforming using an array of discrete sensors can then be formulated as an approximation problem. This approach reveals a natural structure to the FIB which is otherwise buried in a numerical optimisation procedure.¶ Measured results from a microphone array are presented to verify that the simple FIB structure can be successfully implemented. We then consider imposing broadband pattern nulls in the FI beampattern, and show that (i) it is possible to impose an exact null which is present over all frequencies, and (ii) it is possible to calculate a priori how many constraints are required to achieve a null of a given depth in a FIB. We also show that the FIB can be applied to the problem of broadband direction of arrival (DOA) estimation and provides computational advantages over other broadband DOA estimators.¶ Through the theoretical continuous sensor approach, we show that the FIB theory can be generalised to the problem of designing a general broadband beamformer (GBB) which realizes a broadband angle-versus-frequency beampattern specification. Coupled with a technique for radial beampattern transformation, the GBB can be applied to a wide class of problems covering both nearfield beamforming (in which the shape of the impinging wavefront must be considered and farfield beamforming (which is simplified by the assumption of planar wavefronts) for a broadband beampattern specified over both angle and frequency.
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Khayeri, Parinaz. "Binaural Beamforming Robust to Errors in Direction of Arrival Estimates." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/34442.

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Binaural beamforming technology, which is based on the auditory perception of both ears, uses a wireless data connection to exchange data between the right-side and the left-side hearing aids. Over the years, several multichannel speech enhancement algorithms have been used in the hearing aid industry. For example, beamforming algorithms work by keeping a target signal undistorted while attenuating the noise fields (such as diffuse noise or white noise) and the interferers from different directions. Fixed and adaptive algorithms of this nature have been under active investigation by the hearing aid industry. Although binaural beamforming hearing aids designs have shown better performance than single-channel based hearing aids or bilateral hearing aids, the performance of binaural beamforming still suffers from errors in the direction of arrival estimates, i.e., errors which occur when the right set of steering vectors is used in a beamformer design but the target signal source is not located at the direction considered in the design. Therefore, this thesis is devoted to find and propose structures showing more robustness to errors in the direction of arrival estimates. The focus is mainly on the Generalized Sidelobe Canceller (GSC) structure and several binaural beamforming algorithms and configurations are proposed in this thesis as alternatives for the fixed beamformer and blocking matrix units of the GSC. The proposed algorithms show promise of providing wider notch and/or wider beam possibilities, as well as providing greater noise reduction and superior adaptive null positioning capabilities. The algorithms proposed in this thesis were simulated in MATLAB using recorded signals and data provided by a hearing aid firm, to assess their utility for improving hearing aid performance. The results demonstrated a superiority over algorithms currently in use in industry.
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Krishnamurthy, Siddhartha. "Peak Sidelobe Level Distribution Computation for Ad Hoc Arrays using Extreme Value Theory." Thesis, Harvard University, 2014. http://dissertations.umi.com/gsas.harvard:11300.

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Extreme Value Theory (EVT) is used to analyze the peak sidelobe level distribution for array element positions with arbitrary probability distributions. Computations are discussed in the context of linear antenna arrays using electromagnetic energy. The results also apply to planar arrays of random elements that can be transformed into linear arrays.
Engineering and Applied Sciences
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Caspers, Philip Bryan. "Analysis of Bat Biosonar Beampatterns: Biodiversity and Dynamics." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/74425.

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Across species, bats exhibit wildly disparate differences in their noseleaf and pinnae shapes. Within Rhinolophid and Hipposiderid families, bats actively deform their pinnae and noseleaf during biosonar operation. Both the pinnae and noseleaf act as acoustic baffles which interact with the outgoing and incoming sound; thus, they form an important interface between the bat and its environment. Beampatterns describe this interface as joint time-frequency transfer functions which vary across spatial direction. This dissertation considers bat biosonar shape diversity and shape dynamics manifest as beampatterns. In the first part, the seemingly disparate set of functional properties resulting from diverse pinnae and noseleaf shape adaptations are considered. The question posed in this part is as follows: (i) what are the common properties between species beampatterns? and (ii) how are beampatterns aligned to a common direction for meaningful analysis? Hence, a quantitative interspecific analysis of the beampattern biodiversity was taken wherein: (i) unit[267]{} different pinnae and noseleaf beampatterns were rotationally aligned to a common direction and (ii) decomposed using principal component analysis, PCA. The first three principal components termed eigenbeams affect beamwidth around the single lobe, symmetric mean beampattern. Dynamic shape adaptations to the pinnae and noseleaf of the greater horseshoe bat (textit{Rhinolophus ferrumequinum}) are also considered. However, the underlying dynamic sensing principles in use are not clear. Hence, this work developed a biomimetic substrate to explore the emission and reception dynamics of the horseshoe bat as a sonar device. The question posed in this part was as follows: how do local features on the noseleaf and pinnae interact individually and when combined together to generate peak dynamic change to the incoming sonar information? Flexible noseleaf and pinnae baffles with different combinations of local shape features were developed. These baffles were then mounted to platforms to biomimetically actuate the noseleaf and pinnae during pulse emission and reception. Motions of the baffle surfaces were synchronized to the incoming and outgoing sonar waveform, and the time-frequency properties of the emission and reception baffles were characterized across spatial direction. Different feature combinations of the noseleaf and pinnae local shape features were ranked for overall dynamic effect.
Ph. D.
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Bartoň, Zdeněk. "Tvarování přijímací charakteristiky mikrofonních polí." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-218347.

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The aim of the master thesis is to sum up theoretical information about beamforming methods of microphone arrays and to verify their functionality. At the beginning of this work there are simulated different varietes of linear uniform and nonuniform microphone arrays and circular arrays. The results are verificated by a practical measurement in ideal conditions. Then I will focuse on implementation of the DAS(Delay And Sum), SAB(Sub Array Beamforming), CDB(Constant Directivity Beamforming), CDB-CA(CDB-Circular Arrays) beamformer including theoretical and practical verification of the functionality in ideal conditions. At the end of this thesis are all beamforming methods compared with each other at SNR(signal to Noise Ratio) and directivity parameters.
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Bouchoucha, Taha. "Direct Closed-Form Design of Finite Alphabet Constant Envelope Waveforms for Planar Array Beampatterns." Thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10754/552536.

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Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) radar systems has attracted lately a lot of attention thanks to its advantage over the classical phased array radar systems. We site among these advantages the improvement of parametric identifiability, achievement of higher spatial resolution and design of complex beampatterns. In colocated multiple-input multiple-output radar systems, it is usually desirable to steer transmitted power in the region-of-interest in order to increase the Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR) and reduce any undesired signal and thus improve the detection process. This problem is also known as transmit beampattern design. To achieve this goal, conventional methods optimize the waveform covariance matrix, R, for the desired beampattern, which is then used to generate the actual transmitted waveforms. Both steps require constrained optimization. Most of the existing methods use iterative algorithms to solve these problems, therefore their computational complexity is very high which makes them hard to use in practice especially for real time radar applications. In this paper, we provide a closed-form solution to design the covariance matrix for a given beampattern in the three dimensional space using planar arrays, which is then used to derive a novel closed-form algorithm to directly design the finite-alphabet constant-envelope waveforms. The proposed algorithm exploits the two-dimensional discrete Fourier transform which is implemented using fast Fourier transform algorithm. Consequently, the computational complexity of the proposed beampattern solution is very low allowing it to be used for large arrays to change the beampattern in real time. We also show that the number of required snapshots in each waveform depends on the beampattern and that it is less than the total number of transmit antennas. In addition, we show that the proposed waveform design method can be used with non symmetric beampatterns. The performance of our proposed algorithm compares favorably with the existing iterative methods in terms of mean square error.
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陳柏宇. "Application of Quantum-Inspired Evolutionary Algorithm to Improve the Beampattern of Collaborative Beamforming in Wireless Sensor Networks." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/51358913307742443264.

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碩士
國立高雄師範大學
光電與通訊工程學系
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Collaborative beamforming (CB), which forms a virtual antenna array from a subset number of distributed wireless nodes in wireless sensor networks,can increase the transmission range and improve energy efficiency. However, due to the distributed nature of wireless sensor nodes, it is necessary to select appropriate cooperating nodes for CB to achieve a desired beampattern. In this paper, we propose a novel algorithm that uses quantum-inspired evolutionary algorithm (QEA) to search over different wireless sensor node combinations. Simulation results show that the proposed QEA-based node selection method performs better than the other existing algorithms, such as genetic algorithms.
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Ward, Darren Brett. "Theory and application of broadband frequency invariant beamforming." Phd thesis, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/49259.

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In many engineering applications, including radar, sonar, communications and seismology, the direction of impinging signal wavefronts can be used to discriminate between competing sources. Often these source signals cover a wide bandwidth and conventional narrowband beamforming techniques are ineffective, since spatial resolution varies significantly across the band. In this thesis we consider the problem of beamforming for broadband signals, primarily when the spatial response remains constant as a function of frequency. This is called a frequency invariant beamformer (FIB). ¶ ...
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Book chapters on the topic "Beampattern"

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Benesty, Jacob, Jingdong Chen, and Chao Pan. "Beampattern Design." In SpringerBriefs in Electrical and Computer Engineering, 81–110. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-1046-0_6.

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Xu, Feng, Xiaopeng Yang, Fawei Yang, and Xuchen Wu. "Transmitting Beampattern Synthesis for Colocated MIMO Radar Based on Pulse-to-Pulse Coding." In Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, 730–37. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-6504-1_88.

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"Beampattern Design." In Fundamentals of Signal Enhancement and Array Signal Processing, 361–95. Singapore: John Wiley & Sons Singapore Pte. Ltd, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119293132.ch10.

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Chen, Hui, and Qun Wan. "Convex Optimization and Array Orientation Diversity-Based Sparse Array Beampattern Synthesis." In Advances in Array Optimization. IntechOpen, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.88881.

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del, Lara, Alberto Izquierdo, Maria I., Juan J., and Mariano Raboso. "Analysis of Directive Sensor Influence on Array Beampatterns." In Microwave and Millimeter Wave Technologies Modern UWB antennas and equipment. InTech, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/9019.

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Ochiai, Hideki, Patrick Mitran, H. Vincent Poor, and Vahid Tarokh. "Random Array Theory and Collaborative Beamforming." In Handbook on Advancements in Smart Antenna Technologies for Wireless Networks, 94–106. IGI Global, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-59904-988-5.ch005.

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In wireless sensor networks, the sensor nodes are often randomly situated, and each node is likely to be equipped with a single antenna. If these sensor nodes are able to synchronize, it is possible to beamform by considering sensor nodes as a random array of antennas. Using probabilistic arguments, it can be shown that random arrays formed by dispersive sensors can form nice beampatterns with a sharp main lobe and low sidelobe levels. This chapter reviews the probabilistic analysis of linear random arrays, which dates back to the early work of Y. T. Lo (1964), and then discusses recent work on the statistical analysis of two-dimensional random arrays originally derived in the framework of wireless sensor networks.
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Conference papers on the topic "Beampattern"

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Mu¨ller, Rolf, Sajjad Z. Meymand, Mittu Pannala, Ojili Praveen Kumar Reddy, and Li Gao. "Design of a Bio-Inspired Smart Ear Prototype." In ASME 2011 Conference on Smart Materials, Adaptive Structures and Intelligent Systems. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/smasis2011-5104.

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The outer ears (pinnae) of many bat species are smart structures that undergo non-rigid deformations controlled through an intricate muscular actuation system. It is hypothesized that such non-rigid changes in the physical shape of the pinnae provide a substrate for adaption of the spatial sensitivity (reception beampattern) of the animals’ biosonar system on a short time scale. In the research presented here, a simplified biomimetic baffle shape was developed to investigate the functional properties of non-rigidly deforming baffles. This prototype had the shape of an obliquely truncated cone that was augmented with local shape features that aided in achieving a biomimetic deformation pattern and may also have direct acoustic effects on the device beampattern. The prototype was manufactured from a thin sheet of rubber and actuated parsimoniously through a single linear actuator. Despite its comparative simplicity, the prototype device was able to reproduce the deformation pattern seen in the ears of horseshoe bats qualitatively. Biomimetic baffle deformations resulted in profound, qualitative, and quantitative changes to the beampattern. Future research will investigate how the time-variant beampatterns relate to the specifics of the deformation patterns and how they could be controlled and used in an engineering context.
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Akcakaya, Murat, and Arye Nehorai. "Biologically inspired coupled beampattern design." In 2010 International Waveform Diversity and Design Conference (WDD). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/wdd.2010.5592352.

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Feng, Lifang, Guolong Cui, Lingjiang Kong, and Siyu Miao. "Beampattern Synthesis with Subarray Layout." In 2019 IEEE International Conference on Signal, Information and Data Processing (ICSIDP). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icsidp47821.2019.9172924.

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Mu¨ller, Rolf, Jianguo Ma, Zhen Yan, Cindy Grimm, and Washington Mio. "Bioinspiration From Biodiversity in Sensor Design." In ASME 2011 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2011-64487.

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Biodiversity is a notable outcome of biological evolution. In the process of adaptive radiation, functional principles of sensing in biology have been adapted to suit different tasks and constraints. The biosonar system of bats is an example of such an adaptive radiation in sensing that also offers particularly advantageous conditions for a biodiversity-level analysis of adaptation principles with potential engineering relevance. The beam-forming capabilities of bat biosonar are tied to the geometries of external baffle structures, i.e., the outer ears used for reception and the noseleaves used to shape the emitted biosonar pulses. Since the geometries of these baffles determine their functions, which in turn can also be expressed by a shape (the beampattern), biosonar beamforming can be described by two interrelated shape spaces, one for biological form and the other for biological function. A shape space representation for the outer ears can be obtained by a cylindrical transform of the ear surfaces followed by principal component analysis. The results of this analysis are in a form that is suitable to inform the design of technical baffle shapes. However, additional analysis methods need to be developed for noseleaves, beampatterns, as well as the link between form and function.
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Nai, S. E., W. Ser, and Z. L. Yu. "Robust adaptive beamformers: A beampattern shaping approach." In 2008 IEEE Sensor Array and Multichannel Signal Processing Workshop (SAM). IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/sam.2008.4606876.

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Sun, C., and B. Yang. "Beampattern optimization based on predicted array manifold." In Oceans 2007. IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/oceans.2007.4449288.

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Alaee-Kerahroodi, Mohammad, Kumar Vijay Mishra, and Bhavani Shankar M.R. "Radar Beampattern Design for a Drone Swarm." In 2019 53rd Asilomar Conference on Signals, Systems, and Computers. IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ieeeconf44664.2019.9048820.

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Yong, Jin, Liu Xian-xing, and Huang Jian-guo. "Wideband transmit beampattern design for MIMO array." In 2011 IEEE International Conference on Signal Processing, Communications and Computing (ICSPCC). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icspcc.2011.6061570.

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Uysal, Faruk, Mark Yeary, Nathan Goodman, Rafael F. Rincon, and Batuhan Osmanoglu. "Waveform design for wideband beampattern and beamforming." In 2015 IEEE International Radar Conference (RadarCon). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/radar.2015.7131151.

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Yixin Yang and Chunru Wan. "Adaptive beampattern synthesis based on null broadening." In IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society Symposium, 2004. IEEE, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/aps.2004.1330226.

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Reports on the topic "Beampattern"

1

Lapic, S. K., J. C. Lockwood, and D. F. Gingras. The Effect of the Conventional Beampattern on Adaptive Beamformer Performance. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, December 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada204682.

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2

Bell, Kristine L. Adaptive Beampattern Control Via Linear and Quadratic Constraints for Circular Array STAP. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, December 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada417462.

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