Relevant bibliographies by topics / Beamformer

Academic literature on the topic 'Beamformer'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 10 March 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Beamformer"

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Picou, Erin M., and Todd A. Ricketts. "An Evaluation of Hearing Aid Beamforming Microphone Arrays in a Noisy Laboratory Setting." Journal of the American Academy of Audiology 30, no. 02 (February 2019): 131–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.3766/jaaa.17090.

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AbstractPeople with hearing loss experience difficulty understanding speech in noisy environments. Beamforming microphone arrays in hearing aids can improve the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and thus also speech recognition and subjective ratings. Unilateral beamformer arrays, also known as directional microphones, accomplish this improvement using two microphones in one hearing aid. Bilateral beamformer arrays, which combine information across four microphones in a bilateral fitting, further improve the SNR. Early bilateral beamformers were static with fixed attenuation patterns. Recently adaptive, bilateral beamformers have been introduced in commercial hearing aids.The purpose of this article was to evaluate the potential benefits of adaptive unilateral and bilateral beamformers for improving sentence recognition and subjective ratings in a laboratory setting. A secondary purpose was to identify potential participant factors that explain some of the variability in beamformer benefit.Participants were fitted with study hearing aids equipped with commercially available adaptive unilateral and bilateral beamformers. Participants completed sentence recognition testing in background noise using three hearing aid settings (omnidirectional, unilateral beamformer, bilateral beamformer) and two noise source configurations (surround, side). After each condition, participants made subjective ratings of their perceived work, desire to control the situation, willingness to give up, and tiredness.Eighteen adults (50–80 yr, M = 66.2, σ = 8.6) with symmetrical mild sloping to severe hearing loss participated.Sentence recognition scores and subjective ratings were analyzed separately using generalized linear models with two within-subject factors (hearing aid microphone and noise configuration). Two benefit scores were calculated: (1) unilateral beamformer benefit (relative to performance with omnidirectional) and (2) additional bilateral beamformer benefit (relative to performance with unilateral beamformer). Hierarchical multiple linear regression was used to determine if beamformer benefit was associated with participant factors (age, degree of hearing loss, unaided speech in noise ability, spatial release from masking, and performance in omnidirectional).Sentence recognition and subjective ratings of work, control, and tiredness were better with both types of beamformers relative to the omnidirectional conditions. In addition, the bilateral beamformer offered small additional improvements relative to the unilateral beamformer in terms of sentence recognition and subjective ratings of tiredness. Speech recognition performance and subjective ratings were generally independent of noise configuration. Performance in the omnidirectional setting and pure-tone average were independently related to unilateral beamformer benefits. Those with the lowest performance or the largest degree of hearing loss benefited the most. No factors were significantly related to additional bilateral beamformer benefit.Adaptive bilateral beamformers offer additional advantages over adaptive unilateral beamformers in hearing aids. The small additional advantages with the adaptive beamformer are comparable to those reported in the literature with static beamformers. Although the additional benefits are small, they positively affected subjective ratings of tiredness. These data suggest that adaptive bilateral beamformers have the potential to improve listening in difficult situations for hearing aid users. In addition, patients who struggle the most without beamforming microphones may also benefit the most from the technology.
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Chau, Gustavo, Jeremy Dahl, and Roberto Lavarello. "Effects of Phase Aberration and Phase Aberration Correction on the Minimum Variance Beamformer." Ultrasonic Imaging 40, no. 1 (July 13, 2017): 15–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0161734617717768.

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The minimum variance (MV) beamformer has the potential to enhance the resolution and contrast of ultrasound images but is sensitive to steering vector errors. Robust MV beamformers have been proposed but mainly evaluated in the presence of gross sound speed mismatches, and the impact of phase aberration correction (PAC) methods in mitigating the effects of phase aberration in MV beamformed images has not been explored. In this study, an analysis of the effects of aberration on conventional MV and eigenspace MV (ESMV) beamformers is carried out. In addition, the impact of three PAC algorithms on the performance of MV beamforming is analyzed. The different beamformers were tested on simulated data and on experimental data corrupted with electronic and tissue-based aberration. It is shown that all gains in performance of the MV beamformer with respect to delay-and-sum (DAS) are lost at high aberration strengths. For instance, with an electronic aberration of 60 ns, the lateral resolution of DAS degrades by 17% while MV degrades by 73% with respect to the images with no aberration. Moreover, although ESMV shows robustness at low aberration levels, its degradation at higher aberrations is approximately the same as that of regular MV. It is also shown that basic PAC methods improve the aberrated MV beamformer. For example, in the case of electronic aberration, multi-lag reduces degradation in lateral resolution from 73% to 28% and contrast loss from 85% to 25%. These enhancements allow the combination of MV and PAC to outperform DAS and PAC and ESMV in moderate and strong aberrations. We conclude that the effect of aberration on the MV beamformer is stronger than previously reported in the literature and that PAC is needed to improve its clinical potential.
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Wang, Yuzhu, Jingdong Chen, Jacob Benesty, Jilu Jin, and Gongping Huang. "Binaural Heterophasic Superdirective Beamforming." Sensors 21, no. 1 (December 25, 2020): 74. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21010074.

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The superdirective beamformer, while attractive for processing broadband acoustic signals, often suffers from the problem of white noise amplification. So, its application requires well-designed acoustic arrays with sensors of extremely low self-noise level, which is difficult if not impossible to attain. In this paper, a new binaural superdirective beamformer is proposed, which is divided into two sub-beamformers. Based on studies and facts in psychoacoustics, these two filters are designed in such a way that they are orthogonal to each other to make the white noise components in the binaural beamforming outputs incoherent while maximizing the output interaural coherence of the diffuse noise, which is important for the brain to localize the sound source of interest. As a result, the signal of interest in the binaural superdirective beamformer’s outputs is in phase but the white noise components in the outputs are random phase, so the human auditory system can better separate the acoustic signal of interest from white noise by listening to the outputs of the proposed approach. Experimental results show that the derived binaural superdirective beamformer is superior to its conventional monaural counterpart.
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Tao, Jian-wu, and Wen-xiu Chang. "The Generalized Sidelobe Canceller Based on Quaternion Widely Linear Processing." Scientific World Journal 2014 (2014): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/942923.

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We investigate the problem of quaternion beamforming based on widely linear processing. First, a quaternion model of linear symmetric array with two-component electromagnetic (EM) vector sensors is presented. Based on array’s quaternion model, we propose the general expression of a quaternionsemiwidelylinear (QSWL) beamformer. Unlike the complex widely linear beamformer, the QSWL beamformer is based on the simultaneous operation on the quaternion vector, which is composed of two jointly proper complex vectors, and its involution counterpart. Second, we propose a useful implementation of QSWL beamformer, that is, QSWL generalized sidelobe canceller (GSC), and derive the simple expressions of the weight vectors. The QSWL GSC consists of two-stage beamformers. By designing the weight vectors of two-stage beamformers, the interference is completely canceled in the output of QSWL GSC and the desired signal is not distorted. We derive the array’s gain expression and analyze the performance of the QSWL GSC in the presence of one type of interference. The advantage of QSWL GSC is that the main beam can always point to the desired signal’s direction and the robustness to DOA mismatch is improved. Finally, simulations are used to verify the performance of the proposed QSWL GSC.
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Yang, Chen, Yang Jiao, Tingyi Jiang, Yiwen Xu, and Yaoyao Cui. "A United Sign Coherence Factor Beamformer for Coherent Plane-Wave Compounding with Improved Contrast." Applied Sciences 10, no. 7 (March 26, 2020): 2250. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10072250.

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In this study, we present a united sign coherence factor beamformer for coherent plane-wave compounding (CPWC). CPWC is capable of reaching an image quality comparable to the conventional B-mode with a much higher frame rate. Conventional coherence factor (CF) based beamformers for CPWC are based on one-dimensional (1D) frameworks, either in the spatial coherence dimension or angular coherence dimension. Both 1D frameworks do not take into account the coherence information of the dimensions of each other. In order to take full advantage of the radio-frequency (RF) data, this paper proposes a united framework containing both spatial and angular information for CPWC. A united sign coherence factor beamformer (uSCF), which combines the conventional sign coherence factor (SCF) and the united framework, is introduced in the paper as well. The proposed beamformer is compared with the conventional 1D SCF beamformers (spatial and angular dimension beamformers) using simulation, phantom and in vivo studies. In the in vivo images, the proposed method improves the contrast ratio (CR) and generalized contrast-to-noise ratio (gCNR) by 197% and 20% over CPWC. Compared with other 1D methods, uSCF also shows an improved contrast and lateral resolution on all datasets.
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Ahmad, Zeeshan, Zain ul Abidin Jaffri, Najam ul Hassan, and Meng Chen. "Robust adaptive beamforming using modified constant modulus algorithms." Journal of Electrical Engineering 73, no. 4 (August 1, 2022): 248–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jee-2022-0033.

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Abstract This paper addresses the self-nulling phenomenon also known as the self-cancellation in adaptive beamformers. Optimum beamforming requires knowledge of the desired signal characteristics, either its statistics, its direction-of-arrival, or its response vector. Inaccuracies in the required information lead the beamformer to attenuate the desired signal as if it were interference. Self-nulling is caused by the desired signal having large power (high SNR) relative to the interference signal in case of the minimum variance distortion less response beamformer, and low power desired signal in the case of the constant modulus algorithm (CMA) beamformer, which leads the beamformer to suppress the desired signal and lock onto the interference signal. The least-square constant modulus algorithm is a prominent blind adaptive beamforming algorithm. We propose two CMA-based algorithms which exploit the constant modularity as well as power or DOA of the desired signal to avoid self-nulling in beamforming. Simulations results verify the effectiveness of the proposed algorithms.
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Buck, John R., Kathleen E. Wage, and Andrew C. Singer. "Are universal beamformers passive cognitive sonar systems?" Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 151, no. 4 (April 2022): A101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/10.0010787.

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Cognitive sonars dynamically tune system parameters to improve performance in pursuit of specific goals. Most research on cognitive sonar focuses on active sonar, varying the transmitted waveform and ping rate. Although passive sonar also faces the challenges of pursuing goals in varying and unknown environments, little research has been done exploring cognitive approaches to passive beamforming for sonar arrays. Universal beamformers provide one implementation of a cognitive approach to passive sonar. Practical adaptive beamformers generally regularize the sample covariance matrix before estimating the array weights. Universal beamformers blend the array weights across a family of beamformers competing on different choices for the regularization parameters. The blend of array weights is performance driven based, including the largest portion from the beamformers best suited for the current environment. Universal are “doubly adaptive” in that each competing beamformer is adapting its array weight vector in response to the data observed at the sensor array, the universal algorithm is then meta-adapting the blend of these array weight vectors used to process the data based on the performance of each competing beamformer. We will present examples of beamformers, which are universal over dominant subspace dimension and beam pattern notch width for moving interferers. [Work supported by ONR 321US.]
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Xie, Wupeng, Xiaoxiao Xiang, Xiaojuan Zhang, and Guanghong Liu. "A Pre-Separation and All-Neural Beamformer Framework for Multi-Channel Speech Separation." Symmetry 15, no. 2 (January 17, 2023): 261. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym15020261.

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Thanks to the use of deep neural networks (DNNs), microphone array speech separation methods have achieved impressive performance. However, most existing neural beamforming methods explicitly follow traditional beamformer formulas, which possibly causes sub-optimal performance. In this study, a pre-separation and all-neural beamformer framework is proposed for multi-channel speech separation without following the solutions of the conventional beamformers, such as the minimum variance distortionless response (MVDR) beamformer. More specifically, the proposed framework includes two modules, namely the pre-separation module and the all-neural beamforming module. The pre-separation module is used to obtain pre-separated speech and interference, which are further utilized by the all-neural beamforming module to obtain frame-level beamforming weights without computing the spatial covariance matrices. The evaluation results of the multi-channel speech separation tasks, including speech enhancement subtasks and speaker separation subtasks, demonstrate that the proposed method is more effective than several advanced baselines. Furthermore, this method can be used for symmetrical stereo speech.
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Rahaman, Imteaz, Md Ashraful Haque, Narinderjit Singh Sawaran Singh, Md Shakiul Jafor, Pallab Kumar Sarkar, Md Afzalur Rahman, Mohd Azman Zakariya, Ghulam E. Mustafa Abro, and Nayan Sarker. "Performance Analysis of Linearly Arranged Concentric Circular Antenna Array with Low Sidelobe Level and Beamwidth Using Robust Tapering Technique." Micromachines 13, no. 11 (November 11, 2022): 1959. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi13111959.

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In this research, a novel antenna array named Linearly arranged Concentric Circular Antenna Array (LCCAA) is proposed, concerning lower beamwidth, lower sidelobe level, sharp ability to detect false signals, and impressive SINR performance. The performance of the proposed LCCAA beamformer is compared with geometrically identical existing beamformers using the conventional technique where the LCCAA beamformer shows the lowest beamwidth and sidelobe level (SLL) of 12.50° and −15.17 dB with equal elements accordingly. However, the performance is degraded due to look direction error, for which robust techniques, fixed diagonal loading (FDL), optimal diagonal loading (ODL), and variable diagonal loading (VDL), are applied to all the potential arrays to minimize this problem. Furthermore, the LCCAA beamformer is further simulated to reduce the sidelobe applying tapering techniques where the Hamming window shows the best performance having 17.097 dB less sidelobe level compared to the uniform window. The proposed structure is also analyzed under a robust tapered (VDL-Hamming) method which reduces around 69.92 dB and 48.39 dB more sidelobe level compared to conventional and robust techniques. Analyzing all the performances, it is clear that the proposed LCCAA beamformer is superior and provides the best performance with the proposed robust tapered (VDL-Hamming) technique.
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Green, Tim, Gaston Hilkhuysen, Mark Huckvale, Stuart Rosen, Mike Brookes, Alastair Moore, Patrick Naylor, Leo Lightburn, and Wei Xue. "Speech recognition with a hearing-aid processing scheme combining beamforming with mask-informed speech enhancement." Trends in Hearing 26 (January 2022): 233121652110686. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/23312165211068629.

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A signal processing approach combining beamforming with mask-informed speech enhancement was assessed by measuring sentence recognition in listeners with mild-to-moderate hearing impairment in adverse listening conditions that simulated the output of behind-the-ear hearing aids in a noisy classroom. Two types of beamforming were compared: binaural, with the two microphones of each aid treated as a single array, and bilateral, where independent left and right beamformers were derived. Binaural beamforming produces a narrower beam, maximising improvement in signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), but eliminates the spatial diversity that is preserved in bilateral beamforming. Each beamformer type was optimised for the true target position and implemented with and without additional speech enhancement in which spectral features extracted from the beamformer output were passed to a deep neural network trained to identify time-frequency regions dominated by target speech. Additional conditions comprising binaural beamforming combined with speech enhancement implemented using Wiener filtering or modulation-domain Kalman filtering were tested in normally-hearing (NH) listeners. Both beamformer types gave substantial improvements relative to no processing, with significantly greater benefit for binaural beamforming. Performance with additional mask-informed enhancement was poorer than with beamforming alone, for both beamformer types and both listener groups. In NH listeners the addition of mask-informed enhancement produced significantly poorer performance than both other forms of enhancement, neither of which differed from the beamformer alone. In summary, the additional improvement in SNR provided by binaural beamforming appeared to outweigh loss of spatial information, while speech understanding was not further improved by the mask-informed enhancement method implemented here.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Beamformer"

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Tisdale, Neil. "Improved broadband adaptive beamformer performance." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2010. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/158117/.

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The protection of wireless communications links against interference is a key concern in mission critical systems. In particular low probability of interception (LPI) systems which operate below the thermal noise floor of the receiver are particularly vulnerable. To protect against interference it is often necessary to include some form of active interference suppression. Broadband adaptive beamforming is one such technique which may be used to suppress interference by spatial and spectral filtering of the signals received by an array antenna. The hardware requirements of adaptive Beamforming systems are high in comparison to other approaches. As a result, the total number of adaptable weights realisable in the beamformer may be limited by the size, weight and power constraints of the system. This will limit the degrees of freedom in the beamformer and hence, the interference cancellation capability of the beamformer. The effectiveness of increasing the number of time-taps in space-time adaptive processors (STAP) as a method of increasing the number of interferers the beamformer can simultaneously cancel in an environment containing a mix of narrowband, partialband and broadband interference is studied. An alternative scheme to free up degrees of freedom in the beamformer is proposed based on frequency-domain excision to pre-filter narrowband interference before it reaches the beamformer. This approach frees up degrees of freedom in the beamformer, which would otherwise be consumed by the narrowband interference, for use in cancelling partialband and broadband interference. To enable the excision filters to identify narrowband interference while allowing partialband and broadband interference to pass through, a novel scheme is presented which produces a frequency mask that varies on a per-bin basis. Eigenanalysis of the beamformer's covariance matrix is used to explore the ability of frequency-domain excision to desensitise the beamformer to narrowband interference while bit error rate (BER) simulations demonstrate the enhanced interference protection the scheme affords an LPI communications link. Mismatches between the gain and phase responses of the radio-frequency (RF) front-end channels in broadband adaptive beamformers can limit their cancellation performance against higher power partialband and broadband interference. This performance limitation arises from the decorrelation experienced by the received signals across the array due to the interchannel mismatches. In STAP systems this performance limitation may be mitigated by increasing the number of taps per channel in the STAP. However, the computational complexity of adding additional time-taps tends to be high in STAP beamformers. Two new methods of interchannel mismatch compensation are proposed based on efficient frequency-domain methods. Simulations using software models and experiments using a hardware STAP system demonstrate the proposed techniques' ability to improve the cancellation performance where interchannel mismatches are limiting cancellation performance.
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Howe, G. S. "A real-time adaptive beamformer for underwater telemetry." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.307825.

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Chau, Loo Kung Gustavo Ramón. "Robust Minimmun Variance Beamformer using Phase Aberration Correction Methods." Master's thesis, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2017. http://tesis.pucp.edu.pe/repositorio/handle/123456789/8498.

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The minimum variance (MV) beamformer is an adaptive beamforming method that has the potential to enhance the resolution and contrast of ultrasound images. Although the sensitivity of the MV beamformer to steering vector errors and array calibration errors is well-documented in other fields, in ultrasound it has been tested only under gross sound speed errors. Several robust MV beamformers have been proposed, but have mainly reported robustness only in the presence of sound speed mismatches. Additionally the impact of PAC methods in mitigating the effects of phase aberration in MV beamformed images has not been observed Accordingly, this thesis report consists on two parts. On the first part, a more complete analysis of the effects of different types of aberrators on conventional MV beamforming and on a robust MV beamformer from the literature (Eigenspace-based Minimum Variance (ESMV) beamformer) is carried out, and the effects of three PAC algorithms and their impact on the performance of the MV beamformer are analyzed (MV-PC). The comparison is carried out on Field II simulations and phantom experiments with electronic aberration and tissue aberrators. We conclude that the sensitivity to speed of sound errors and aberration limit the use of the MV beamformer in clinical applications, and that the effect of aberration is stronger than previously reported in the literature. Additionally it is shown that under moderate and strong aberrating conditions, MV-PC is a preferable option to ESMV. On the second part, we propose a new, locally-adaptive, phase aberration correction method (LAPAC) able to improve both DAS and MV beamformers that integrates aberration correction for each point in the image domain into the formulation of the MV beamformer. The new method is tested using fullwave simulations of models of human abdominal wall, experiments with tissue aberrators, and in vivo carotid images. The LAPAC method is compared with conventional phase aberration correction with delay-and-sum beamforming (DAS-PC) and MV-PC. The proposed method showed between 1-4 dB higher contrast than DAS-PC and MV-PC in all cases, and LAPAC-MV showed better performance than LAPAC-DAS. We conclude that LAPAC may be a viable option to enhance ultrasound image quality of both DAS and MV in the presence of clinically-relevant aberrating conditions.
Tesis
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Koutrouli, Eleni. "Low Complexity Beamformer structures for application in Hearing Aids." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Institutionen för tillämpad signalbehandling, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-17612.

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Background noise is particularly damaging to speech intelligibility for people with hearing loss. The problem of reducing noise in hearing aids is one of great importance and great difficulty. Over the years, many solutions and different algorithms have been implemented in order to provide the optimal solution to the problem. Beamforming has been used for a long time and has therefore been extensively researched. Studying the performance of Minimum Variance Distortionless Response (MVDR) beamforming with a three- and four- microphone array compared to the conventional two-microphone array, the aim is to implement a speech signal enhancement and a noise reduction algorithm. By using multiple microphones, it is possible to achieve spatial selectivity, which is the ability to select certain signals based on the angle of incidence, and improve the performance of noise reduction beamformers. This thesis proposes the use of beamforming, an existing technique in order to create a new way to reduce noise transmitted by hearing aids. In order to reduce the complexity of that system, we use hybrid cascades, which are simpler beamformers of two inputs each and connected in series. The configurations that we consider are a three-microphone linear array (monaural beamformer), a three-microphone configuration with a two-microphone linear array and the 3rd microphone in the ear (monaural beamformer), a three-microphone configuration with a two-microphone linear array and the 3rd microphone on contra-lateral ear (binaural beamformer), and finally four-microphone configurations. We also investigate the performance improvement of the beamformer with more than two microphones for the different configurations, against the two-microphone beamformer reference. This can be measured by using objective measurements, such as the amount of noise suppression, target energy loss, output SNR, speech intelligibility index and speech quality evaluation. These objective measurements are good indicators of subjective performance. In this project, we prove that most hybrid structures can perform satisfyingly well compared to the full complexity beamformer. The low complexity beamformer is designed with a fixed target location (azimuth), where its weights are calibrated with respect to a target signal located in front of the listener and for a diffuse noise field. Both second- and third- order beamformers are tested in different acoustic scenarios, such as a car environment, a meeting room, a party occasion and a restaurant place. In those scenarios, the target signal is not arriving at the hearing aid directly from the front side of the listener and the noise field is not always diffuse. We thoroughly investigate what are the performance limitations in that case and how well the different cascades can perform. It is proven that there are some very critical factors, which can affect the performance of the fixed beamformer, concerning all the hybrid structures that were examined. Finally, we show that lower complexity cascades for both second- and third- order beamformers can perform similarly well as the full complexity beamformers when tested for a set of multiple Head Related Transfer Functions (HRTFs) that correspond to a real head shape.
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Sanyal, Alarka. "CMOS Phase Shifter for Conformal Phased Array Beamformer Applications." Thesis, North Dakota State University, 2015. https://hdl.handle.net/10365/27697.

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A vector modulator based phase shifter is developed using 0.18um CMOS process at S-band frequency to be integrated into a conformal phased array antenna to recover the desired radiation pattern in the entire 360? range. The phase shifter has a variable gain amplifier integrated into the circuit in order to vary gain along with phase for precise control to correct the degraded radiation pattern due to the conformal shaping. The results show state-of-the-art performances including more than 7dB conversion gain with variable feature, a continuous phase rotation of 360? with steps as low as 11.25? and very low power consumption of 17mW, for the first time to the best of the authors? knowledge. The chip size including all pads is 1.5mm X 0.75mm.
ND NASA EPSCoR (Agreement FAR0020852)
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Kale, Kaustubh R. "Low complexity, narrow baseline beamformer for hand-held devices." [Gainesville, Fla.] : University of Florida, 2003. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/UFE0001223.

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Malladi, Subrahmanya Sastry Venkata. "Modeling and Algorithm Performance For Seismic Surface Wave Velocity Estimation." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1194630399.

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Kompis, Martin. "Der adaptive Beamformer : Evaluation eines Verfahrens zur Störgeräuschunterdrückung für Hörgeräte /." Zürich, 1993. http://e-collection.ethbib.ethz.ch/show?type=diss&nr=9960.

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Paul, James G. "Simulation and analysis of a digital focused beamformer for SONAR." Thesis, Heriot-Watt University, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10399/812.

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Juswardy, Budi. "Integrated broadband microphotonic beamformer for adaptive nulling in smart antennas." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2010. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/1843.

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The tremendous growth of the wireless communications sector and the problem of limited available spectrum that can be used to cater the wireless demand have spurred the need for better data transmission capacity and signal rates for wireless communication systems. Smart antennas are the promising technology for improving the wireless communication systems performance. Smart antennas are system that consist of antenna arrays capable of adaptively adjusting the beam pattern, thereby enhancing the desired signals (beam steering) and suppressing the interference signals (null steering), which is also known as Space Division Multiple Access (SDMA). SDMA systems allow significant improvement in the area of capacity, signal bandwidth, signal-to-interference ratio, and frequency reuse. Due to the increasing complexity of the smart antennas system, innovations and improvements in miniaturisation, power consumption, and cost are needed. These breakthroughs could be achieved by combining the microelectronic and photonic technologies, leading to an innovative software-driven broadband MicroPhotonic beamforming system. This thesis presents a doctoral study of integrated MicroPhotonic smart antenna beamformers. The beamformers presented in this study is based on microminiaturisation of hotonic and electronic components, which processes RF-modulated optical signals and adaptively synthesises multiple broadband null for interference suppression. Two types of beamformer are investigated in this thesis; the first form is based on delaying the input RF signal via discrete, high-resolution true-time delay (TTD) through the use of free space optics. The second type is based on continuous TTD generation using an Opto-VLSI processor in conjunction with high-dispersive optical fibres. Design, simulation and proof-of-concept demonstration of some of the photonic building blocks and RF components of smart antennas that employ the MicroPhotonic beamformer are presented. These smart antennas are designed for use in adaptive broadband phased-array antenna applications including multimedia wireless transmission and RADAR.
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Books on the topic "Beamformer"

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Mykyta, John L. Prediction of the beamformed acoustic ray arrival structure for the 1992 Barents Sea coastal tomography test. Monterey, Calif: Naval Postgraduate School, 1993.

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Kearney-Hopkins, Joan. HV7351 Ultrasound Tx Beamformer Evaluation Board User's Guide. Microchip Technology Incorporated, 2015.

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Zhou, Clarence. 8-Channel, ±70V, 3A Programmable High-Voltage Ultrasound-Transmit Beamformer. Microchip Technology Incorporated, 2019.

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Kearney-Hopkins, Joan. HV7351 - 8-Channel, ±70V, 3A Programmable High-Voltage Ultrasound-Transmit Beamformer. Microchip Technology Incorporated, 2015.

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Boles, Melanie. HV7351 - 8-Channel, +/-70V, 3A Programmable High-Voltage Ultrasound-Transmit Beamformer. Microchip Technology Incorporated, 2019.

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Wolters-Broder, Lisa. MD1730 8-Ch Ultra Low Phase Noise CW Transmitter with Beamformer. Microchip Technology Incorporated, 2016.

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Kearney-Hopkins, Joan. MD1730 - 8-Channel Ultra-Low Phase Noise Continuous Waveform Transmitter with Beamformer. Microchip Technology Incorporated, 2016.

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Boles, Melanie. HV7358 - 16-Channel, 3-Level HV Ultrasound Transmitter with Built-In Transmit Beamformer. Microchip Technology Incorporated, 2020.

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Wolters-Broder, Lisa. AN1730 Using the MD1730 Ultra-Low Phase Noise CW Transmit Beamformer for Medical Ultrasound Applications. Microchip Technology Incorporated, 2016.

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Pierce, Linda. HV7358 16-Channel, 3-Level HV Ultrasound Transmitter with Built-In Transmit Beamformer Data Sheet. Microchip Technology Incorporated, 2018.

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Book chapters on the topic "Beamformer"

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Lai, Chiong Ching, Sven Erik Nordholm, and Yee Hong Leung. "Broadband Beamformer Design." In SpringerBriefs in Electrical and Computer Engineering, 27–51. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-1691-2_3.

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Bahramisharif, Ali, Marcel A. J. van Gerven, Jan-Mathijs Schoffelen, Zoubin Ghahramani, and Tom Heskes. "The Dynamic Beamformer." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 148–55. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-34713-9_19.

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Lai, Chiong Ching, Sven Erik Nordholm, and Yee Hong Leung. "Steerable Broadband Beamformer Design." In SpringerBriefs in Electrical and Computer Engineering, 53–76. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-1691-2_4.

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Zhang, Ying, Chuanyi Pan, and Huapeng Zhao. "A Robustness Enhanced Beamformer." In Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, 329–38. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-08991-1_34.

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Gründinger, Andreas. "Outage Constrained Beamformer Design." In Statistical Robust Beamforming for Broadcast Channels and Applications in Satellite Communication, 127–70. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-29578-3_5.

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Wang, Liang, and Zhijie Song. "Broadband MVDR Beamformer Applying PSO." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 152–59. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-13495-1_19.

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Habets, Emanuël A. P., Jacob Benesty, Sharon Gannot, and Israel Cohen. "The MVDR Beamformer for Speech Enhancement." In Springer Topics in Signal Processing, 225–54. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-11130-3_9.

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Tong, Luyen, Cuong Nguyen, and Duy Le. "An Effective Beamformer for Interference Mitigation." In Intelligent Systems and Networks, 630–39. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-3394-3_73.

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Guan, Mingxiang, and Zhou Wu. "Smart Beamformer Based on Artificial Intelligence." In Machine Learning and Intelligent Communications, 208–12. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-66785-6_23.

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Stepnowski, Andrzej, and Roman Salamon. "High Resolution Sampled Phase-Delay Sonar Beamformer." In Acoustical Imaging, 689–93. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-2523-9_74.

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Conference papers on the topic "Beamformer"

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Wagner, K. H., S. Kraut, L. Griffiths, S. Weaver, R. T. Weverka, and A. W. Sarto. "Broadband and Efficient Adaptive Method for True-Time-Delay Array Processing." In Optics in Computing. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oc.1997.owb.5.

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We present a novel approach to the optical implementation of true-time-delay (TTD) beamforming for large adaptive phased arrays. Our new algorithm, BEAMTAP (Broadband and Efficient Adaptive Method for TTD Array Processing), decreases the number of tapped delay lines (TDLs) required to process an N-element phased array antenna from N to only 2.1 This new adaptive system still provides the full NM degrees of freedom of a conventional N-element time delay beamformer with M taps each, enabling it to fully and optimally adapt to an arbitrarily complex spatio-temporal signal environment containing broadband signals, narrowband and broadband jammers, and noise, all of which can arrive from arbitrary angles. In comparison with conventional time-domain beamformers, this algorithm is readily implemented optically since the elimination of the delay lines between weights allows photorefractive crystals (PRC) to be used to implement the huge numbers of adaptive weights as required for large arrays while still using only 2 TDLs.
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Bunton, John D. "ASKAP beamformer." In 2009 International Conference on Field-Programmable Technology (FPT). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/fpt.2009.5377601.

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Bunton, John D., Grant Hampson, Andrew Brown, Joseph Pathikulangara, John Tuthill, Ludi De Souza, Jayasri Joseph, Tim Bateman, and Stephan Neuhold. "ASKAP Beamformer." In 2011 XXXth URSI General Assembly and Scientific Symposium. IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ursigass.2011.6123733.

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Jeon, Eunsung, Minki Ahn, Sungsoo Kim, Wook Bong Lee, and Joonsuk Kim. "Joint Beamformer and Beamformee Design for Channel Smoothing in WLAN Systems." In 2020 IEEE 92nd Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC2020-Fall). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/vtc2020-fall49728.2020.9348441.

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Seung-mok Oh and McClellan. "Multiresolution quadtree beamformer." In IEEE International Conference on Acoustics Speech and Signal Processing ICASSP-02. IEEE, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icassp.2002.1005302.

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Oh, Seung-mok, and James H. McClellan. "Multiresolution Quadtree Beamformer." In Proceedings of ICASSP '02. IEEE, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icassp.2002.5745264.

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Byju, C., R. Murali, S. Vishnu, and Jose Joji. "Reconfigurable ultrasonic beamformer." In 2013 IEEE Recent Advances in Intelligent Computational Systems (RAICS). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/raics.2013.6745469.

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Nakatani, Tomohiro, Rintaro Ikeshita, Naoyuki Kamo, Keisuke Kinoshita, Shoko Araki, and Hiroshi Sawada. "Switching Convolutional Beamformer." In 2021 29th European Signal Processing Conference (EUSIPCO). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.23919/eusipco54536.2021.9616357.

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Pillai, S. Vijayan, T. Santhanakrishnan, and R. Rajesh. "Reliability Analysis of a Novel Product Beamformer Against Standard Beamformers of SONAR Arrays." In 2021 International Symposium on Ocean Technology (SYMPOL). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/sympol53555.2021.9689246.

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Nai, S. E., W. Ser, Z. L. Yu, and S. Rahardja. "Iterative Robust Capon Beamformer." In 2007 IEEE/SP 14th Workshop on Statistical Signal Processing. IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ssp.2007.4301317.

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Reports on the topic "Beamformer"

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Greci, Anthony M., Richard N. Smith, and Salvatore L. Carollo. Optical Beamformer. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, April 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada254354.

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Salerno, Marc L. An Independent Component Analysis Blind Beamformer. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, December 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada384795.

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Lapic, S. K., J. C. Lockwood, and D. F. Gingras. The Effect of the Conventional Beampattern on Adaptive Beamformer Performance. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, December 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada204682.

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Wettergren, Thomas A., John P. Casey, and Charles M. Traweek. A Nonlinear Programming Algorithm for Optimizing Conventional Beamformer Shading Weights. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, November 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada419270.

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Lou, J. Z. An Implementation of the MVDR Beamformer on the Intel iWarp System. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, April 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada253641.

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Wettergren, Thomas A. Stochastic Error Modeling of Beamformer Output for Arrays with Directive Elements. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, July 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada390305.

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Deeb, S. S., and Robert A. LaTourette. Derivation of Beam Interpolation Coefficients with Application to the K-omega Beamformer. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, June 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada390410.

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Kim, Keonwook, Alan D. George, and Priyabrata Sinha. Comparative Performance Analysis of Parallel Beamformers. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, January 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada465877.

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Kaminsky, E. J., A. B. Martinez, B. S. Bourgeois, C. Zabounidis, and W. J. Capell. Determination of the Time of Energy Return from Beamformed Data. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, April 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada265677.

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