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Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 31 January 2023

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1

Quintas, Lázaro José, and Messa Ndompetelo Leonardo. "Avaliação dos pricipais factores que influenciam no transbordo de águas suprficiais nas bacias de contecção no municipio de Viana, Luanda." BRAZILIAN APPLIED SCIENCE REVIEW 6, no. 4 (July 28, 2022): 1411–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.34115/basrv6n4-015.

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O objectivo da pesquisa foi estudar os principais factores que influenciam no transbordo das águas das bacias de contenção na zona de estudo. A metodologia usada foi recurso bibliográfico e entrevistas do tempo de vivência na região (TV), da existência de eficiência no tratamento do lixo (ETL), descarte de resíduos nas bacias (DR), manutenção regular das bacias (MR), tratamento de esgotos sanitários (TES), consequências na construção em linhas de águas (CLA), uso de águas das bacias para fins domésticos (UAFD), consequências socioeconómicas (CSE) e benefícios (B). Se determinou também a capacidade volumétrica (CV) e capacidade de contenção (CC), assim como alguns parâmetros geométricos das bacias. Seis bacias de contenção (Bc) foram estudadas: Bc1,Bc2, Bc3, Bc4, Bc5, Bc6). Os resultados da TV foram divididos em 5 grupos (1-5, 6-10, 11-15, 16-20 e mais de 20 anos de vivência) num total de 93 pessoas. Para ETL, DR, MR, TES, CLA, UAFD e CSE a maior parte respondeu não existir e para B afirma existir. Quanto CV, CC os resultados indicam a Bc2 e Bc1 terem mais e Bc3 e Bc6 apresentaram menos. Os resultados dos parâmetros mostram para bacia Bc2 (39.118m2) e Bc5 e (8.774 m2). Para perímetros Bc4 registrou (1.450m) e Bc6 (484,8m). O coeficiente de compacidade indicou para Bc4 (3,016) e Bc5 (1,13). O factor de forma indicou no Bc6, (0,996), e Bc5 (0,04). O índice de circularidade foi no Bc3 (0,770) e Bc4 e Bc5 (0.1288). Conclui-se que existe influência de factores antropogénicos e naturais no transbordo das águas.
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2

Wang, Zhenhua, Dongming Jin, Jincan Han, Qing Wang, Zhongwei Zhang, and Chuang Dong. "Microstructures and Mechanical Properties of Al-Ti-Zr-Nb-Ta-Mo-V Refractory High-Entropy Alloys with Coherent B2 Nanoprecipitation." Crystals 11, no. 7 (July 19, 2021): 833. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst11070833.

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In this work, the microstructural evolution and mechanical properties of new body-centered cubic (BCC)-based Al-Ti-Zr-Nb-Ta-Mo-V refractory high-entropy alloys (RHEAs) with coherent B2 precipitation are investigated. These designed alloy ingots were solid-solutionized at 1573 K for 2 h and then aged at 873 K for 24 h, in which each treatment was followed by water quenching. It was found that there exists phase separation of BCC matrix, Ti/Zr-rich BCC1 and Nb/Ta-rich BCC2 in these alloys. Moreover, ultra-fine spherical B2 nanoparticles with a size of 3~5 nm were dispersed in BCC2 matrix. These B2 nanoparticles could be coarsened up to 25~50 nm after aging and the particle morphology also changes to a cuboidal shape due to a moderate lattice misfit (ε = 0.7~2.0%). Also, Zr5Al3 phase could coexist with the B2 phase, where the difference between them is that the Ti element is enriched in B2 phase, rather than in Zr5Al3. Among them, the solutionized Al2Ti5Zr4Nb2.5Ta2.5 RHEAs exhibit good compressive mechanical property with a high yield strength of 1240 MPa and a large plasticity, which is mainly attributed to the coherent precipitation in the BCC matrix.
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3

D’Alessandro, Margherita, Carola Parolin, Danka Bukvicki, Lorenzo Siroli, Beatrice Vitali, Maria De Angelis, Rosalba Lanciotti, and Francesca Patrignani. "Probiotic and Metabolic Characterization of Vaginal Lactobacilli for a Potential Use in Functional Foods." Microorganisms 9, no. 4 (April 14, 2021): 833. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9040833.

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The main aim of this work was to verify the metabolic and functional aptitude of 15 vaginal strains belonging to Lactobacillus crispatus, Lactobacillus gasseri, and Limosilactobacillus vaginalis (previously Lactobacillus vaginalis), already characterized for their technological and antimicrobial properties. In order to evaluate the metabolic profile of these vaginal strains, a phenotype microarray analysis was performed on them. Functional parameters such as hydrophobicity, auto-aggregation, deconjugation of bile salts, adhesion to an intestinal cell line (Caco-2), and a simulated digestion process were evaluated for these strains. A good number of these strains showed hydrophobicity values higher than 70%. Regarding the auto-aggregation assay, the most promising strains were L. crispatus BC9 and BC1, L. gasseri BC10 and BC14, and L. vaginalis BC17. Moreover, L. crispatus BC4, BC6, BC7, and BC8 were characterized by strong bile salts hydrolase activity (BHS). In addition, L. crispatus BC8 and L. vaginalis BC17 were characterized by a medium ability to adhere to Caco-2 cells. Data related to digestion process showed a strong ability of vaginal lactobacilli to withstand this stress. In conclusion, the data collected show the metabolic versatility and several exploitable functional properties of the investigated vaginal lactobacilli.
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4

Sun, Hong Fei, Nana Guo, Can Ming Wang, Zhong Li Li, and Hai Yun Zhu. "Study of the Microstructure of High-Entropy Alloys AlFeCuCoNiCrTiX (x=0, 05, 1.0)." Applied Mechanics and Materials 66-68 (July 2011): 894–900. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.66-68.894.

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The microstructure of high-entropy Alloys AlFeCuCoNiCrTix (x=0, 05, 1.0) with different titanium contents had been studied. The results showed that: (1) The microstructure of AlFeCuCoNiCrTix exhibited the trend from dendritic structure to eutectic-cell structure as the titanium contents increasing and spinodal decomposition, nanoprecipitation and amorphous phase can be also observed; (2) Composition segregation appeared (especially Cu) and Ti promoted the segregation of Cu; (3) Alloys was consisted of FCC and BCC, and phases gradually converted from FCC+BCC1 to FCC+BCC1+BCC2 with addition of titanium and BCC2 became the leading phase; (4) Both ordering and spinodal decomposition coincided due to the difference of atomic size and high entropy effect.
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5

Feng, Cong, Xueliang Wang, Li Yang, Yongli Guo, and Yaping Wang. "High Hardness and Wear Resistance in AlCrFeNiV High-Entropy Alloy Induced by Dual-Phase Body-Centered Cubic Coupling Effects." Materials 15, no. 19 (October 5, 2022): 6896. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15196896.

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High-entropy alloys (HEAs) with high hardness are promising materials for advanced industrial manufacturing. In this study, the AlCrFeNiV HEA was designed and successfully prepared using a plasma instantaneous process. The hardness test showed that AlCrFeNiV had a high hardness of 1076 ± 15 HV, which was much higher than those reported in the literature. The microstructure of AlCrFeNiV was composed of two different types of body-centered cubic (BCC) structures, BCC1 (Al, Cr, Fe, and Ni) and BCC2 (enriched V and Cr). A mixture of different BCC systems produced solution strengthening, which was responsible for the superior hardness. Moreover, the reciprocating sliding wear behavior of HEA against Al2O3 balls under dry and lubricated conditions at ambient temperature was investigated. The wear rates of AlCrFeNiV against Al2O3 under dry wear and lubrication were 17.2 × 10−5 mm3 N−1·m−1 and 12.4 × 10−5 mm3N−1·m−1, respectively, which were of the same order of magnitude as the wear rates of BCC HEAs. Regardless of the dry wear or wear with lubrication, the wear mechanism of the HEA was abrasive and delamination wear.
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6

Arnheim, Katharina. "SG-BCC 2019 ++ SG-BCC 2019 ++ SG-BCC 2019." Im Fokus Onkologie 22, no. 3 (June 25, 2019): 68–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s15015-019-0116-4.

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7

Koper, Magdalena, Anna Nadolska, Piotr Urbański, and Maciej Wilski. "Relationship between Pre-Competition Mental State and Sport Result of Disabled Boccia Athletes." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 21 (November 7, 2020): 8232. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17218232.

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The relationship between sport result and pre-competition mental state of 109 boccia athletes was analyzed. Mental state was described by: athletic identity, self-esteem, self-efficacy for sports, hope for success, fear of failure, anxiety, and expectancy of success. Correlation analyses were made for all four boccia classes (BC1, BC2, BC3, and BC4) and revealed that only athletic identity was associated with sport result in class BC4. Four hierarchical multiple regression models (for BC1, BC2, BC3, and BC4 boccia classes) were created, with sport result as the dependent variable. Only the BC4 model was significant and included athletic identity, anxiety, self-efficacy for sports, and expectancy of success, which explained 49% of variance in sport result. BC4 class results indicate that psychological variables have a potential impact on sport performance in boccia, and the type and level of disability should be taken into account.
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8

Ngo, Dai Hung, Quoc Tuan Tran, Thi Nhat Hang Nguyen, Anh Tuan Huynh, Thi Kim Thu Vo, Thanh Binh Nguyen, Dai Nghiep Ngo, and Thanh Sang Vo. "Isolation and selection of high gamma aminobutyric acid-producing Lactobacillus strains from traditional fermented foods." Ministry of Science and Technology, Vietnam 65, no. 1 (January 25, 2023): 20–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.31276/vjst.65(1).20-25.

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Gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA) is produced by microorganisms such as bacteria, yeast, and fungi. Lactic acid bacteria play crucial roles in processing and preserving Vietnamese traditional fermented foods. The study aims to isolate high GABA-producing Lactobacillusstrains from traditional fermented foods. Eight bacterial strains, including BC3, BC4, BC5, BC6, BC7, K08, KC1, and KC2, were isolated from traditional fermented food sources (cabbage, pickled scallion, and kimchi). After 72 hrs of fermentation, the BC3 strain produced the highest GABA content (4.279 g/l). This strain was identified as Lactobacillus fermentum by 16S rRNA analysis. The results from the investigation of the fermentation time and concentration of monosodium glutamate (MSG) showed that the BC3 strain producing the highest GABA with the value of 6.734 g/l was after 72 hrs of fermentation and the concentration of MSG 4%.
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9

Yuan, Yuan, Kaibo Wang, Rubao Lee, Xiaoning Ding, Jing Xing, Spyros Blanas, and Xiaodong Zhang. "BCC." Proceedings of the VLDB Endowment 9, no. 6 (January 2016): 504–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.14778/2904121.2904126.

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10

M. Mostafa, Samy. "Fuzzy Derivations BCC-Ideals on BCC-Algebras." Pure and Applied Mathematics Journal 4, no. 5 (2015): 225. http://dx.doi.org/10.11648/j.pamj.20150405.14.

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11

Petry, W. "Phonons at martensitic phase transitions of bcc-Ti, bcc-Zr and bcc-Hf." Phase Transitions 31, no. 1-4 (April 1991): 119–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01411599108206923.

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12

Silver, Breezy. "BCC Research." Charleston Advisor 23, no. 3 (January 1, 2022): 10–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.5260/chara.23.3.10.

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BCC Research provides market analysis reports in a variety of industries. While they have some reports in the consumer arena, their strength is in the industrial and manufacturing industries. The reports tend to focus on the industries globally, but they do have country reports (examples include the US and China) and the global reports may also have country information as well. The reports include the typical market overview and market size, but they have some unique information including investment and product development information, for example, on patents. The added benefit of BCC Research is that they share partner reports which provides a more robust product. The interface and organization of the reports could use some improvement, but reports are findable even if sometimes challenging. The resource contains some great content that anyone doing market analysis within the industrial or manufacturing industries would appreciate. Entrepreneurs might find it particularly helpful to use to learn about the investment and product development information.
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13

Maliszewski, Paul, and J. Wagner. "Bcc: Dridge." Baffler 24 (November 2013): 118–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/bflr_a_00213.

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14

Kumar, P. S., and P. D. Walton. "Introgression of genes from Canada wildrye to slender wheatgrass: cytology and fertility of backcross progeny." Genome 35, no. 5 (October 1, 1992): 894–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/g92-136.

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Partially fertile synthetic amphiploids (2n = 8x = 56) of Canada wildrye × slender wheatgrass F1 hybrid were crossed to slender wheatgrass and tetraploid lines resembling slender wheatgrass were recovered after four backcrosses. The BC1 progeny was hexaploid, while the BC2 and BC3 progenies were aneuploids with chromosome numbers ranging from 31 to 38. Tetraploid lines were recovered in the BC4 generation along with 29- and 30-chromosome types. Multivalents (mostly trivalents) resulting from intergenomic pairing were fequently encountered in BC1 and BC2 plants. The multivalent frequencies declined with each succeeding backcross. Pairing in the 28-chromosome BC4 plants was completely regular with 14 bivalents. Intergenomic pairing in the backcross progeny promoted introgression from Canada wildrye to slender wheatgrass.Key words: Elymus, intergenomic pairing, trivalents, recombination.
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15

Arruda, Sidcley Felix de, José Igor Vasconcelos de Oliveira, Matheus Jancy Bezerra Dantas, Manoel da Cunha Costa, Lúcia Inês Guedes Leite de Oliveira, and Saulo Fernandes Melo de Oliveira. "MOOD STATES AND QUALITY OF LIFE IN PARALYMPIC BOCCIA ATHLETES IN THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC." Revista Brasileira de Medicina do Esporte 28, no. 4 (August 2022): 300–305. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1517-8692202228042020_0131.

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ABSTRACT Introduction: Although studies have been conducted in the athlete population during the pandemic, its impacts on Paralympic athletes are still unknown. Objective: To evaluate the mood and quality of life of Paralympic boccia players during the COVID-19 pandemic period. Method: Questionnaires assessing mood, quality of life, and demographic data were sent electronically via social media. The study included 43 athletes from all functional classes (BC1 = 8, BC2 = 12, BC3 = 11, and BC4 = 11) and four regions of Brazil (Northeast = 12, Southeast = 12, Central-West = 3, and South = 17). ANOVA, t test, and similar non-parametric tests were used, with the respective effect sizes (ES). Results: Regarding mood states, BC4 athletes differed from BC1 athletes in the depression subscale score (25.5 vs. 14.5, p = 0.026, ES=1.47). The fatigue subscale score differed between BC4 and BC1 athletes (17.8 vs. 10.4, p = 0.023, ES=1.38) and between BC4 and BC2 athletes (17.8 vs 10.3, p = 0.008, ES=1.32). BC4 athletes had higher total mood disturbance (TMD) values than BC1 (175 vs. 141, p = 0.025, ES=1.35) and BC2 (175 vs.141, p = 0.025, ES=0.97) athletes. Lower stress (18.5 vs.21.8, p = 0.027, ES=0.64) and TMD (148.0 vs 162.0; p = 0.044; ES= 0.53) values were observed among the national level athletes. In terms of quality of life, differences were found between BC4 and BC2 athletes in the psychological health domain (3.73 vs. 4.49, p = 0.024, ES=0.89) and between athletes from the Northeast and South in the environment domain (3.39 vs. 4.18, p=0.030, ES=0.44). Conclusion: BC4 athletes are more susceptible to negative mood and quality-of-life perceptions. Additionally, athletes from the Northeast region may have poorer perceptions of quality of life related to the environment in which they live. Level of evidence III; Retrospective study.
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16

Isobe, Sachiko, Akira Sawai, Hidekazu Yamaguchi, Mitsuru Gau, and Kazuhiro Uchiyama. "Breeding potential of the backcross progenies of a hybrid between Trifolium medium × T. pratense to T. pratense." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 82, no. 2 (April 1, 2002): 395–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/p01-034.

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In this study, T. medium (zigzag clover, 2n = 80 and T. pratense (red clover, 2n = 28) were hybridized and backcrossed four times to T. pratense (BC1, BC2, BC3and BC4), and the seed production and vigor of the backcross progenies were assessed under field conditions. Both female and pollen fertility of the backcross progenies increased as the backcross generations advanced. Female and pollen fertility of BC4 were 21.3 and 65.3%, respectively. When honeybees were used as pollinators, almost all BC4 plants produced mature seeds in the field. Most of the BC1, BC2, and BC3 plants died by the end of the fourth year in the field, whereas 61% of the BC4 plants survived for 4 yr. The number of chromosomes in 79% of the BC4 plants was more than 28, which is greater than that of T. pratense. Differences in leaflet size and shape between BC4 plants and T. pratense suggest that genes from T. medium were expressed in the BC4 plants. These results indicate that BC4 plants may be useful for the improvement of the persistence of T. pratense. Key words: Backcross progeny, breeding material, interspecific hybridization, Trifolium medium, Trifolium pratense
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17

Razuan, Rafidah, Mohamad Kamal Harun, and Mahesh Talari. "An Evaluation of Microstructure and Hardness Properties of Zr Added FeNiAlCoCr High Entropy Alloys." Materials Science Forum 846 (March 2016): 20–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.846.20.

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High Entropy Alloy (HEA) with at least 5 elements with equimolar ratios were developed to investigate the characteristics of Zr added in FeNiAlCoCrZrx (x=0.0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8 and 1.0). HEAs were prepared by arc melting technique in Ar atmosphere and were remelted five times to ensure homogeneity. The microstructure and phase constitution of these alloys are examined by X-Ray diffraction (XRD) and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). The results show that addition of Zr to FeNiAlCoCr HEA resulted in multiple solid solution phases viz., BCC1, BCC2, FCC1 and FCC2 as evidenced by XRD patterns. Furthermore, presence of both BCC and FCC phases at higher Zr additions suggests that Zr did not preferentially promoted the solidification of either BCC or FCC phase. It can be observed from the FESEM micrographs that with different Zr additions, solidified microstructures of FeNiAlCoCrZrx alloys varied between completely eutectic microstructures to proeutectic and eutectic phase mixtures. From FESEM micrographs it can be suggested that different Zr contents have resulted in different solidification modes. Hardness of Zr added samples is higher compared to base HEA which is FeNiAlCoCr. It was observed that hardness values are higher when proeutectic phases were present compared to completely eutectic FeNiAlCoCrZr alloy (x=0.1).
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18

Zhan, Jianming, and Zhisong Tan. "T-fuzzy multiply positive implicative BCC-ideals of BCC-algebras." International Journal of Mathematics and Mathematical Sciences 2003, no. 42 (2003): 2653–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/s0161171203210358.

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The concept of fuzzy multiply positive BCC-ideals of BCC-algebras is introduced, and then some related results are obtained. Moreover, we introduce the concept ofT-fuzzy multiply positive implicative BCC-ideals of BCC-algebras and investigateT-product ofT-fuzzy multiply positive implicative BCC-ideals of BCC-algebras, examining its properties. Using at-normT, the direct product andT-product ofT-fuzzy multiply positive implicative BCC-ideals of BCC-algebras are discussed and their properties are investigated.
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19

Jun, Young-Bae, Seok-Zun Song, and Kyung-Tae Kang. "POSITIVE IMPLICATIVE SMARANDACHE BCC-IDEALS IN SMARANDACHE BCC-ALGEBRAS." Honam Mathematical Journal 30, no. 3 (September 25, 2008): 505–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.5831/hmj.2008.30.3.505.

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20

Hong, Yong Tae, and Ki Hwan Hong. "Radiologic Features of Papillary Carcinoma in the Second Branchial Cleft Cyst." Ear, Nose & Throat Journal 98, no. 5 (April 8, 2019): 295–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0145561319840571.

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Clinically, it may be very difficult to differentiate between benign branchial cleft cyst (BCC) and malignant BCC with papillary carcinoma preoperatively. Radiological features were reviewed retrospectively between benign BCC and malignant BCC with papillary carcinoma using computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance (MR) images. All patients had only a mass on the right upper lateral neck without lesion in the thyroid gland. Two patients had a mass in the upper medial part of BCC on CT images and one patient showed a well-circumscribed mass in the upper portion of BCC on MR image. Two patients received BCC removal only and one patient underwent total thyroidectomy including removal of BCC. As results, most cases of papillary carcinoma in the BCC were detected incidentally after surgical resection of BCC. However, we can differentiate between benign BCC and malignant BCC with primary papillary carcinoma by carefully reviewing radiologic images before surgery.
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21

Seed, Kimberley D., and Jonathan J. Dennis. "Development of Galleria mellonella as an Alternative Infection Model for the Burkholderia cepacia Complex." Infection and Immunity 76, no. 3 (January 14, 2008): 1267–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.01249-07.

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ABSTRACT Burkholderia is an important bacterial genus with a complex taxonomy that contains species of both ecological and pathogenic importance, including nine closely related species collectively termed the Burkholderia cepacia complex (BCC). In order to more thoroughly investigate the virulence of this bacterial complex of microorganisms, alternative infection models would be useful. To this end, we have adapted and developed the use of the Galleria mellonella wax moth larvae as a host for examining BCC infections. The experimental conditions affecting the BCC killing of the “wax worm” were optimized. BCC virulence levels were determined using 50% lethal doses, and differences were observed between both species and strains of the BCC. The BCC pathogenicity trends obtained compare favorably with results acquired using other published alternative infection models, as well as mammalian infection models. In addition, BCC killing activity was determined by directly measuring relative bacterial loads in three different BCC strains, thus demonstrating innate differences in BCC strain virulence. Finally, genetically mutated BCC strains were compared to a wild-type BCC strain in order to show concomitant reduction of BCC virulence and increased wax worm survival. For experimentation examining the virulent properties of the BCC, the wax worm has proven to be a useful alternative infection model.
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22

Jun, Young Bae. "Smarandache BCC-algebras." International Journal of Mathematics and Mathematical Sciences 2005, no. 18 (2005): 2855–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/ijmms.2005.2855.

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23

De Smet, Birgit, Mark Mayo, Charlotte Peeters, James E. A. Zlosnik, Theodore Spilker, Trevor J. Hird, John J. LiPuma, et al. "Burkholderia stagnalis sp. nov. and Burkholderia territorii sp. nov., two novel Burkholderia cepacia complex species from environmental and human sources." International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 65, Pt_7 (July 1, 2015): 2265–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/ijs.0.000251.

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Nine Burkholderia cepacia complex (Bcc) bacteria were isolated during environmental surveys for the ecological niche of Burkholderia pseudomallei, the aetiological agent of melioidosis, in the Northern Territory of Australia. They represented two multi-locus sequence analysis-based clusters, referred to as Bcc B and Bcc L. Three additional environmental and clinical Bcc B isolates were identified upon deposition of the sequences in the PubMLST database. Analysis of the concatenated nucleotide sequence divergence levels within both groups (1.4 and 1.9 %, respectively) and towards established Bcc species (4.0 and 3.9 %, respectively) demonstrated that the two taxa represented novel Bcc species. All 12 isolates were further characterized using 16S rRNA and recA gene sequence analysis, RAPD analysis, DNA base content determination, fatty acid methyl ester analysis and biochemical profiling. Analysis of recA gene sequences revealed a remarkable diversity within each of these taxa, but, together, the results supported the affiliation of the two taxa to the Bcc. Bcc B strains can be differentiated from most other Bcc members by the assimilation of maltose. Bcc L strains can be differentiated from other Bcc members by the absence of assimilation of N-acetylglucosamine. The names Burkholderia stagnalis sp. nov. with type strain LMG 28156T ( = CCUG 65686T) and Burkholderia territorii sp. nov. with type strain LMG 28158T ( = CCUG 65687T) are proposed for Bcc B and Bcc L bacteria, respectively.
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Morris, A. D., and B. C. Gee. "The 2-week wait: to BCC or not to BCC?" British Journal of Dermatology 148, no. 3 (March 2003): 608–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2133.2003.05209_16.x.

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Adan, Fieke, Klara Mosterd, Nicole W. J. Kelleners-Smeets, and Patty J. Nelemans. "Diagnostic Value of Optical Coherence Tomography Image Features for Diagnosis of Basal Cell Carcinoma." Acta Dermato-Venereologica 101, no. 11 (November 30, 2021): adv00607. http://dx.doi.org/10.2340/actadv.v101.421.

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Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a non-invasive diagnostic method. Numerous morphological OCT features have been described for diagnosis of basal cell carcinoma (BCC). The aim of this study is to evaluate the diagnostic value of established OCT features and to explore whether the use of a small set of OCT features enables accurate discrimination between BCC and non-BCC lesions and between BCC subtypes. For each lesion, the presence or absence of specific OCT features was recorded. Histopathology was used as a gold standard. Diagnostic parameters were calculated for each OCT feature, and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to evaluate the loss in discriminative ability when using a small subset of OCT features instead of all features that are characteristic for BCC according to the literature. The results show that the use of a limited number of OCT features allows for good discrimination of superficial BCC from non-superficial BCC and non-BCC lesions. The prevalence of BCC was 75.3% (225/299) and the proposed diagnostic algorithm enabled detection of 97.8% of BCC lesions (220/225). Subtyping without the need for biopsy was possible in 132 of 299 patients (44%), with a predictive value for presence of superficial BCC of 84.3% vs 98.8% for presence of non-superficial BCC.
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Putranta, Himawan, Heru Kuswanto, Aditya Yoga Purnama, and Syella Ayunisa Rani. "Visualization of Body Centered Cubic Energy Bands Based on Spreadsheet-Assisted Tight Binding: Solutions for Distance Material Physics Lectures." Trends in Sciences 19, no. 12 (June 8, 2022): 4590. http://dx.doi.org/10.48048/tis.2022.4590.

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The development of information and communication technology also provides convenience and practicality in the world of education. In this paper, an alternative solution is presented for the discussion of energy band material in Body Centered Cubic (BCC) based on tight binding in distance material physics lectures. These activities take advantage of technology assistance in the form of spreadsheet software. Spreadsheet software is used in this research because it is a computational software that can visualize a graphic according to user commands. The use of spreadsheets is also due to being one of the computational programs that are easy to access, operate, and often used by students, especially during the current conditions affected by the Covid-19 pandemic. This research presents a simple way for students to visualize the energy band from BCC through the spreadsheet assistance. This visualization of the energy bands in BCC begins by describing the appropriate mathematical equation. Next, visualize the mathematical equation in graphical form with the spreadsheet assistance. This visualization activity can also be applied to students in material physics courses to help students understand the various characteristics of solids that have the form of BCC in everyday life. Distance material physics lectures that implement the visualization process can increase student creativity to visualize various forms of energy bands of each solid substance present. HIGHLIGHTS In this study, we present an alternative solution to the discussion of energy band material in Body Centered Cubic (BCC) based on dense bonds in distance physics course material Visualization of Body Centered Cubic Energy Bands is done using spreadsheets This study presents a simple way to visualize the energy bands of BCC through the help of a spreadsheet Visualization of energy bands in this BCC begins by describing the appropriate mathematical equations. Next, visualize the mathematical equation in the form of a graph with the assistance of a spreadsheet This visualization activity can be applied to students in material physics courses to help students understand the various characteristics of solid objects in the form of BBC GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
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Canuto, Crislany, Daniela da Silva Andrade, Elisiane Martins de Lima, Maria da Conceição Cavalcanti de Goes, Michelle Maylla Viana de Almeida, and José Romualdo de Sousa Lima. "Biochar e esterco bovino aumentam a eficiência no uso de água da alface." Diversitas Journal 4, no. 3 (October 3, 2019): 1082–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.17648/diversitas-journal-v4i3.822.

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O biochar vem sendo recomendado para melhorar propriedades físicas, químicas e biológicas do solo e a produtividade das culturas. Assim, o objetivo do presente trabalho foi avaliar os efeitos da aplicação de biochar e esterco bovino na produtividade, evapotranspiração (ET) e eficiência no uso de água (EUA) da alface. Um experimento em casa de vegetação foi realizado utilizando-se dois tipos de biochar e esterco bovino, no delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado, com três repetições. Os tratamentos foram quatro tipos de adubação: esterco+biochar de borra de café (E+BBC); esterco+biochar de casca de café (E+BCC); biochar de borra de café (BBC) e biochar de casca de café (BCC). Foram avaliadas a biomassa fresca (BF), o número de folhas (NF), a ET e a EUA da alface. Verificou-se que o tratamento E+BBC proporcionou maior BF. Não se verificou efeito dos tratamentos no NF da alface. Maiores perdas de água (ET) foram observadas nos tratamentos que tinham biochar de borra de café (BBC e E+BBC). Os tratamentos com esterco, independentemente do tipo de biochar, foram os que apresentaram as maiores EUA. Recomenda-se o uso de biochar mais esterco bovino para reduzir a ET e aumentar a produtividade e EUA da alface.
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Wen, Jing, Xin Chu, Yuankui Cao, and Na Li. "Effects of Al on Precipitation Behavior of Ti-Nb-Ta-Zr Refractory High Entropy Alloys." Metals 11, no. 3 (March 20, 2021): 514. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met11030514.

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Addition of Al can decrease density and improve oxidation resistance of refractory high entropy alloys (RHEAs), but may cause complicated precipitation and further affect mechanical properties. The present work studied the microstructural evolution of Al-contained RHEAs at elevated temperatures. The effects of Al on precipitation behavior were discussed. Results show that, TiNbTa0.5ZrAlx alloys (x ≤ 0.5) have single BCC (Body Centered Cubic) structure, but the primary BCC phase is supersaturated. Precipitation of BCC2(Nb,Ta)-rich solid solution phase, HCP(Zr,Al)-rich intermetallic phase, and ordered B2 phase can occur during heat treatment at 600~1200 °C. The precipitation of BCC2 phase mainly exists in RHEAs with low content of Al, while HCP (Hexagonal Close Packed) precipitates prefer to form in RHEAs with high content of Al. Interestingly, ordered B2 precipitates with fine and basket-weave structure can form in TiNbTa0.5ZrAl0.5 alloy after annealing at 800 °C, producing significant precipitation hardening effect.
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29

Frumkes, Thomas E., Ralph Nelson, and Renate Pflug. "Functional role of GABA in cat retina: II. Effects of GABAA antagonists." Visual Neuroscience 12, no. 4 (July 1995): 651–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0952523800008944.

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AbstractPutative GABAergic mechanisms were studied in the cat retina by exogenous application of the GABAA antagonists picrotoxin (PTX), native bicuculline (BCC), and bicuculline methyl bromide (BCC MeBr). When recording intracellular responses from horizontal cells (HCs) and amacrine cells as well as electroretinograms (ERGs), drugs were added to the perfusate used to maintain the isolated eyecup; when recording extracellular spikes from ganglion cells of anesthetized cats, drugs were introduced by iontophoretic injection. Both PTX and BCC MeBr had relatively little influence upon the response properties of HCs. In contrast, native BCC tended to decrease the amplitude of and to slow the photic response to light onset and both to quicken and to increase the amplitude of response to light offset; in the presence of native BCC, HC responses were dominated by a prominent spike-like “Off-overshoot.” The influence of GABAA agonists upon HC responses was not blocked by GABAA antagonists. ERG b−wave amplitude was reduced both by PTX and by native BCC, but was not influenced by BCC MeBr. Latency (time to half-peak) was increased by low doses of native BCC, and to a lesser extent PTX but not BCC MeBr. Rod-amacrine On-transient responses were increased in amplitude by PTX. Extracellular recordings from On- and Off- X and Y ganglion cell types became considerably more transient with application of either PTX, native BCC, or BCC MeBr; this tendency was greater in Off-type ganglion cells. Collectively, these results strengthen conclusions from the previous paper suggesting that GABA serves to slow onset and offset kinetics of retinal neurons, making them more sustained and less phasic. They also suggest that in mammalian retina heterogeneous types of GABAA receptors exist, segregated into different zones: a distal zone, sensitive only to native BCC, a central zone sensitive to both native BCC and PTX, and a proximal zone sensitive to native BCC, BCC methyl halides (BCC MeH), and PTX. Only the proximal zone obeys conventional GABAA pharmacology.
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Lupu, Mihai, Iris Popa, Vlad Voiculescu, Daniel Boda, Constantin Caruntu, Sabina Zurac, and Calin Giurcaneanu. "A Retrospective Study of the Diagnostic Accuracy of In Vivo Reflectance Confocal Microscopy for Basal Cell Carcinoma Diagnosis and Subtyping." Journal of Clinical Medicine 8, no. 4 (April 3, 2019): 449. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm8040449.

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Current national and European guidelines recommend distinct management approaches for basal cell carcinoma (BCC) based on tumor location, size, and histopathological subtype. In vivo reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM) is a non-invasive skin imaging technique which may change the diagnostic pathway for BCC patients. This study aimed to determine the sensitivity and specificity of RCM for BCC diagnosis, assess the predictive values of several confocal criteria in correctly classifying BCC subtypes, and evaluate the intraobserver reliability of RCM diagnosis for BCC. We conducted a retrospective study in two tertiary care centers in Bucharest, Romania. We included adults with clinically and dermoscopic suspect BCCs who underwent RCM and histopathological examination of excision specimens. For RCM examinations, we used the VivaScope 1500 and histopathology of the surgical excision specimen was the reference standard. Of the 123 cases included in the analysis, BCC was confirmed in 104 and excluded in 19 cases. RCM showed both high sensitivity (97.1%, 95% CI (91.80, 99.40)) and specificity (78.95%, 95% CI (54.43, 93.95)) for detecting BCC. Several RCM criteria were highly predictive for BCC subtypes: cords connected to the epidermis for superficial BCC, big tumor islands, peritumoral collagen bundles and increased vascularization for nodular BCC, and hyporefractile silhouettes for aggressive BCC. Excellent intraobserver agreement (κ = 0.909, p < 0.001) was observed. This data suggests that RCM could be used for preoperative diagnosis and BCC subtype classification in patients with suspected BCCs seen in tertiary care centers.
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Nitzki, Frauke, Marco Becker, Anke Frommhold, Walter Schulz-Schaeffer, and Heidi Hahn. "Patched Knockout Mouse Models of Basal Cell Carcinoma." Journal of Skin Cancer 2012 (2012): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/907543.

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Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common human tumor. Mutations in the hedgehog (HH) receptor Patched (PTCH) are the main cause of BCC. Due to their high and increasing incidence, BCC are becoming all the more important for the health care system. Adequate animal models are required for the improvement of current treatment strategies. A good model should reflect the situation in humans (i.e., BCC initiation due toPtchmutations on an immunocompetent background) and should allow for (i) BCC induction at a defined time point, (ii) analysis of defined BCC stages, and (iii) induction of BCC in 100% of animals. In addition, it should be easy to handle. Here, we compare several currently existing conventional and conditionalPtchknockout mouse models for BCC and their potential use in preclinical research. In addition, we provide new data using conditionalPtchflox/floxmice and theK5-Cre-ERT+/−driver.
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Feng, Jessica, Avery LaChance, David A. Sinclair, and Maryam M. Asgari. "Multiple basal cell carcinomas in a patient with myotonic dystrophy type 1." BMJ Case Reports 12, no. 3 (March 8, 2019): e227233. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bcr-2018-227233.

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A man in his early 60s with myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1) and an extensive history of non-melanoma skin cancer presented with multiple pearly, erythematous papules on his face, head, trunk and extremities, clinically consistent with basal cell carcinoma (BCC). Due to the numerous BCC and history of multiple and early-onset BCC, examination was concerning for a hereditary BCC syndrome. Subsequent histopathology confirmed BCC. Genetic testing was negative for basal cell nevus syndrome and clinical findings were inconsistent with other known hereditary BCC syndromes. There have been reports of an association between DM1 and BCC, however, it is not well known among clinicians. We hope to raise awareness among clinicians about this association.
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Putri, Mutia Arnisa, and Ibrahim. "Characteristics of Malignant Eyelid Basal Cell Carcinoma in Dr. Mohammad Hoesin General Hospital: A Retrospective Study." Sriwijaya Journal of Ophthalmology 5, no. 2 (June 21, 2022): 145–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.37275/sjo.v5i2.73.

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Introduction: Incidence rates of skin cancer have risen significantly over the last two decades. Most tumors develop in sun-exposed areas of the head and neck. Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) rarely metastasizes but can cause significant morbidity and death due to direct spread to the orbit, head, and neck and frequent recurrence. In addition, approximately 40% of BCC patients have other lesions after 5 years. Although there has been a lot of epidemiological data regarding the characteristics of BCC in developed countries, reports of BCC in Asia, especially in Southern Sumatra, are still at a minimum rate. Methods: This study retrospectively reviewed the medical records specific to periocular BCC. Data were collected from the patient register book recorded from January 2021 to May 2022. The clinical characteristics of patients with BCC, such as gender and age, clinicopathological findings of BCC lesions, and BCC management, were reviewed retrospectively. This study aims to determine the epidemiological profile of the malignant eyelid BCC patient, the BCC lesion characteristics, and the management of BCC cases at Mohammad Hoesin General Hospital Palembang. Results: From 16 BCC patients recruited for this study, most of them were 51–60 years old and 71–80 years old, each with 5 patients (31.3%). The female preponderance of 56.3%. Occulus dextra (56.3%), lower eyelid (62.5%), T1 (87.5%), nodular BCC (75,0%), and primary lesion (75,0%) were the most side, periocular site, size, histopathological subtype and recurrence, respectively. Most therapy done is excision (93,8%), while the leading reconstructive technique was Tenzel’s flap (50,0%). Conclusion: There is a slight preponderance of females as BCC patients. BCC is commonly found in elderly people. The lower eyelid and right side are the most frequent anatomical locations. Nodular is the most common histological subtype. In addition, lesions often present in T1 size and primary lesions. Lastly, the treatment is mainly surgical (excision), with Tenzel's flap as the most used reconstruction technique option.
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Rivarez, Mark Paul Selda, Elizabeth P. Parac, Niño R. Laurel, Benjamin V. Cunanan, Angelie B. Magarro, and Shajara Fatima M. Dimasingkil. "Antagonistic activity of bacteria from wild honey against Colletotrichum musae, and testing of wild honey as biopesticide spray to control banana anthracnose." Bioscience Journal 37 (December 29, 2021): e37089. http://dx.doi.org/10.14393/bj-v37n0a2021-49921.

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Anthracnose is a foliar and fruit disease caused by Colletotrichum spp. affecting a wide range of crops. Infection occurs early followed by quiescence in fruits, such as in banana, where chemical-based pesticides are used as a dependable fungal control for many years. There is an increasing need for a safe control and as implicated in the Organic Agriculture Act of 2010 (RA 10068) in the Philippines. This scenario drove the use of alternative pest control such as the use of biologicals and natural products. In this study, seven bacteria were isolated from wild honey, produced by Apis mellifera, wherein four (BC2, BC3, BC6 and BC7) were found to be an effective antagonist against Colletotrichum musae in in vitro conditions. These bacteria were identified to belong to the genus Lactobacillus spp. (BC2, BC3, BC7) and Bacillus spp. (BC6) based on sugar utilization tests, morphological and cultural growth in PDPA. For the in vivo test, different dilutions of wild honey were used and it was found out that lower concentrations were effective as biopesticide spray to prevent anthracnose infection. Lastly, we report herewith the first isolation of bacteria with biological control potential from wild honey, and to apply the raw or natural product as biopesticide in postharvest fruits.
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35

Iwasaki, H., and T. Kikegawa. "Structural Systematics of the High-Pressure Phases of Phosphorus, Arsenic, Antimony and Bismuth." Acta Crystallographica Section B Structural Science 53, no. 3 (June 1, 1997): 353–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s0108768196015479.

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New structural systematics of the high-pressure phases of the title elements are given on the basis of the results obtained in our diffraction studies and the results from the literature. Although the structural transition sequence with increasing pressure appears to be different for the four elements, reinterpretation of the structure data has shown that it is expressed in a systematic way as follows P A17–A7–PSC As A7–PSC–dist. BCC–BCC Sb A7–dist. BCC–BCC Bi A7–dist. PSC–dist. BCC–BCC. Notations used are A17 (orthorhombic layered structure), A7 (rhombohedral layered structure), PSC (primitive simple cubic structure), dist. PSC (monoclinic structure which is regarded as a distorted PSC), BCC (body-centered cubic structure) and dist. BCC (tetragonal structure which is regarded as a distorted BCC). Phosphorus lacks the post-PSC phases, but it is likely that the same transition sequence as that of arsenic is seen under extremely high pressure. Discussion is made on how the network of the densest atomic plane changes through the structural transition sequence.
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36

Tan, Sukmawati Tansil, Mahmud Ghaznawie, Peter J. Heenan, and Ricky Dosan. "Basal Cell Carcinoma Arises from Interfollicular Layer of Epidermis." Journal of Oncology 2018 (September 26, 2018): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/3098940.

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Background. BCC is currently the most common type of skin cancer in humans. Although having a low-grade malignancy and metastatic potential, BCC is locally aggressive and destructive. Despite numerous studies, the origin of BCC, whether arising from the follicular or interfollicular layer, remains controversial. Objectives. This study aims to evaluate whether BCC arises from the follicular or interfollicular layer by using immunohistochemical staining. Methods. Twenty-three specimens of superficial and nodular BCC at its very early stage were examined. The samples were immunohistochemically stained using BerEP4 antibody. The stained specimens were then examined and scored by 2 independent observers. Results. BerEP4 was found to be strongly positive in all BCC lesions, including a very early lesions budding off the basal layer of the epidermis. Conclusion. This study confirmed that the origin site of BCC is basal layer of epidermis. This finding suggests that BCC arises from the interfollicular epidermis.
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Dika, Emi, Federica Scarfì, Manuela Ferracin, Elisabetta Broseghini, Emanuela Marcelli, Barbara Bortolani, Elena Campione, Mattia Riefolo, Costantino Ricci, and Martina Lambertini. "Basal Cell Carcinoma: A Comprehensive Review." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 15 (August 4, 2020): 5572. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21155572.

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Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common type of carcinoma worldwide. BCC development is the result of a complex interaction between environmental, phenotypic and genetic factors. However, despite the progress in the field, BCC biology and mechanisms of resistance against systemic treatments have been poorly investigated. The aim of the present review is to provide a revision of BCC histological and molecular features, including microRNA (miRNA) dysregulation, with a specific focus on the molecular basis of BCC systemic therapies. Papers from the last ten years regarding BCC genetic and phenotypic alterations, as well as the mechanism of resistance against hedgehog pathway inhibitors vismodegib and sonidegib were included. The involvement of miRNAs in BCC resistance to systemic therapies is emerging as a new field of knowledge.
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38

Kunz, Michael, Katrin Kerl, and Ralph Peter Braun. "Basal Cell Carcinoma Mimicking Desmoplastic Trichoepithelioma: A Case with Correlation of Dermoscopy and Histology." Case Reports in Dermatology 10, no. 2 (May 18, 2018): 133–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000489164.

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Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common cancer in humans worldwide. Many highly specific dermoscopic criteria for BCC are well established in the literature. On the contrary, other malignant or benign skin tumors may mimic BCC by exhibiting similar or even the same dermoscopic features and therefore obscuring the diagnosis of BCC in certain situations. We herein report a case of BCC with dermoscopic features of both BCC and desmoplastic trichoepithelioma (DT). We would like to remind of the often neglected differential diagnosis of DT in a lesion with arborizing vessels and otherwise unusual dermoscopic presentation.
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Husein-ElAhmed, Husein, Maria-Teresa Gutierrez-Salmeron, Ramon Naranjo-Sintes, and Jose Aneiros-Cachaza. "Factors Related to Delay in the Diagnosis of Basal Cell Carcinoma." Journal of Cutaneous Medicine and Surgery 17, no. 1 (January 2013): 27–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.2310/7750.2012.12030.

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Background: There is often a delay between the clinical emergence of a basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and the point in time at which the patient presents for definitive diagnosis and treatment. Previously published studies on delays regarding skin cancer have focused on melanoma rather than Bcc. We conducted a study aimed at identifying factors associated with the detection of Bcc and reasons for the delay in diagnosis. Method: A monocentric study was performed. Patients with a primary BCC diagnosed in 2010 were included in the study. They were asked about factors concerning BCC awareness and detection, tumor characteristics, previous history of nonmelanoma cutaneous cancer, family history of nonmelanoma cutaneous cancer, and the presence of comorbidities. Data were analyzed using SPSS software. Results: The mean diagnostic delay for BCC in our hospital setting was estimated at 19.79 ± 14.71 months. Delayed diagnosis was significantly associated with patients over 65 years, those without a previous history of BCC, those without a family history of BCC, those with BCC located elsewhere than the head or neck, and those with lesions not associated with itching or bleeding. Conclusion: This study revealed considerable delay in the diagnosis of BCC. The main reason for delay in the diagnosis seems to be the initial decision of the patient to seek medical advice. These data suggest a need for greater information for the general public on the symptoms and signs that should prompt suspicion of a BCC.
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Zhang, Eliana-Ruobing, Sarah Ghezelbash, Pingxing Xie, Misha Fotovati, Ivan V. Litvinov, and Philippe Lefrançois. "Comparison of the Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC) Tumour Microenvironment to Other Solid Malignancies." Cancers 15, no. 1 (January 2, 2023): 305. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers15010305.

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Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common form of skin cancer, contributing to nearly a third of new cancer cases in Western countries. Most BCCs are considered low risk “routine” lesions that can either be excised through surgery or treated with chemotherapeutic agents. However, around 1–2% of BCC cases are locally aggressive, present a high risk of metastasis, and often develop chemoresistance, termed advanced BCC. There currently exists no animal model or cell line that can recapitulate advanced BCC, let alone intermediate-risk and high-risk early BCC. We previously found that aggressive BCC tumours presented a Th2 cytokine inflammation profile, mesenchymal stem cell properties, and macrophage-induced tumoral inflammation. In this study, we aimed to identify potential BCC “relatives” among solid-organ malignancies who present similar immune cell proportions in their microenvironment compositions. Using immune cell type deconvolution by CIBERSORTx, and cell type enrichment by xCell, we determined three cancers with the most similar tumour microenvironments as compared to BCC. Specifically, chromophobe renal cell carcinoma, sarcoma, and skin cutaneous melanoma presented significance in multiple cell types, namely in CD4+ T lymphocytes, gammadelta T lymphocytes, and NK cell populations. Consequently, further literature analysis was conducted to understand similarities between BCC and its “relatives”, as well as investigating novel treatment targets. By identifying cancers most like BCC, we hope to propose prospective druggable pathways, as well as to gain insight on developing a reliable animal or cell line model to represent advanced BCC.
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Fania, Luca, Dario Didona, Roberto Morese, Irene Campana, Valeria Coco, Francesca Romana Di Pietro, Francesca Ricci, et al. "Basal Cell Carcinoma: From Pathophysiology to Novel Therapeutic Approaches." Biomedicines 8, no. 11 (October 23, 2020): 449. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines8110449.

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Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common human cancer worldwide, and is a subtype of nonmelanoma skin cancer, characterized by a constantly increasing incidence due to an aging population and widespread sun exposure. Although the mortality from BCC is negligible, this tumor can be associated with significant morbidity and cost. This review presents a literature overview of BCC from pathophysiology to novel therapeutic approaches. Several histopathological BCC subtypes with different prognostic values have been described. Dermoscopy and, more recently, reflectance confocal microscopy have largely improved BCC diagnosis. Although surgery is the first-line treatment for localized BCC, other nonsurgical local treatment options are available. BCC pathogenesis depends on the interaction between environmental and genetic characteristics of the patient. Specifically, an aberrant activation of Hedgehog signaling pathway is implicated in its pathogenesis. Notably, Hedgehog signaling inhibitors, such as vismodegib and sonidegib, are successfully used as targeted treatment for advanced or metastatic BCC. Furthermore, the implementation of prevention measures has demonstrated to be useful in the patient management.
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42

Hirakawa, Mutsuki, Yuki Ishikura, Taketoshi Futatsuya, Reimon Yamaguchi, and Akira Shimizu. "Polypoid Basal Cell Carcinoma on the Nose Tip." Case Reports in Dermatological Medicine 2022 (June 24, 2022): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/4087202.

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Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is usually seen on the face as a pigmented nodule. We herein report a patient who presented with a polypoid BCC on the nose tip. Clinically, we suspected adnexal tumor; however, the findings of dermoscopy were consistent with that of BCC. Although the tumor was excised at the stalk, it was completely resected. Since the clinical manifestation was characteristic, we reviewed previously reported polypoid BCCs and found that this tumor can occur at any site, including the trunk and inguinal region, which are not preferential sites for ordinary BCC. There have been no reports of polypoid BCC on the nasal tip. The initial diagnoses varied, including adnexal tumors, and dermoscopic examinations proved useful for suspecting polypoid BCC. Histopathologically, the tumor cells in the resected specimens were within the polypoid area. Although BCC is a common tumor, polypoid BCC has distinct clinical features, and we should keep this rare subtype in mind.
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43

Gallo, J. C., J. W. Schneider, J. de Wet, K. Moxley, H. F. Jordaan, W. I. Visser, and B. Tod. "A Profile and Three-Year Follow-Up of Patients with Basal Cell Carcinoma in the Western Cape, South Africa." Journal of Skin Cancer 2022 (May 5, 2022): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/8443867.

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Background. Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is an important malignancy in sub-Saharan Africa. There is a paucity of data regarding BCC in South Africa. Aims. To describe the clinicopathological features of patients presenting with BCC in a cohort of South African patients. Methods. This retrospective descriptive study reviewed the medical records of 149 patients with BCC who attended the dermatology clinic at Tygerberg Academic Hospital from September 2015 to August 2016. Demographic and clinical data of those patients with histologically proven BCC were retrieved from clinical records. The data included the assessment for BCC recurrence after three years (September 2016–August 2019). Results. Of 390 patients, 155 (39.7%) had histologically confirmed BCCs. Complete medical records were available for 149 of these patients, and most were male (55.7%) and white (85.9%) with a median age of 70 years. Most patients had their BCC lesions for 12 months (43.1%) before diagnosis. BCCs were mostly located on the head and neck area (58.1%). In most patients (72.0%), a diagnostic punch biopsy confirmed BCC. Plastic surgeons subsequently excised the BCC lesions in 74.0% of these patients. The most common histological subtype was nodular BCC (74.0%). The National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) risk of recurrence was approximately evenly distributed between high- (54.1%) and low-risk groups (45.9%). The major high-risk feature was the location (36.6%). Histologically confirmed BCC recurrence occurred in 9 of the 149 patients (3.7%) over three years. Conclusions. BCC represents a high burden of disease in our setting. Compared to existing studies, the BCCs in this study are clinically and histologically similar to international reports.
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Kamada, Y., K. Sugimoto, and M. Matsui. "Magnetoresistance Effect of Co/bcc-Cr, Ni/bcc-Cr Artificial Superlattices." Journal of the Magnetics Society of Japan 21, no. 4_2 (1997): 549–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.3379/jmsjmag.21.549.

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45

Chaisiriwong, Lapatsanant, Rungsima Wanitphakdeedecha, Panitta Sitthinamsuwan, Somponnat Sampattavanich, Somruedee Chatsiricharoenkul, Woraphong Manuskiatti, and Uraiwan Panich. "A Case-Control Study of Involvement of Oxidative DNA Damage and Alteration of Antioxidant Defense System in Patients with Basal Cell Carcinoma: Modulation by Tumor Removal." Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity 2016 (2016): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/5934024.

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Oxidative damage has been suggested to play a role in the pathogenesis of basal cell carcinoma (BCC). This study illustrated an involvement of oxidative DNA damage and changes in antioxidant defenses in BCC by conducting a case-control study (24 controls and 24 BCC patients) and assessing urinary 7,8-dihydro-8-oxo-2′-deoxyguanosine (8-oxo-dGuo), plasma antioxidant defenses including catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), NQO1, and total superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities, and glutathione (GSH) levels before surgery and 1 month after surgery. 8-oxo-dGuo expressions as well as protein and mRNA expressions of DNA repair enzyme hOGG1 and antioxidant defenses (CAT, GCLC, GPx, Nrf2, and MnSOD) in nonneoplastic epidermis of control and BCC tissues were also determined. This study observed induction in urinary 8-oxo-dGuo, increased 8-oxo-dGuo expression, and reduced hOGG1 protein and mRNA in BCC tissues, decreased activities of CAT, GPx, and NQO1, but elevated SOD activities and GSH levels in BCC patients and reduction of all antioxidant proteins and genes studied in BCC tissues. Furthermore, decreased plasma antioxidant activities in BCC patients were restored at 1 month after operation compared with preoperative levels. Herein, we concluded that BCC patients were associated with oxidative DNA damage and depletion of antioxidant defenses and surgical removal of BCC correlated with improved redox status.
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Leisenring, Wendy, Debra L. Friedman, Mary E. D. Flowers, Jeffrey L. Schwartz, and H. Joachim Deeg. "Nonmelanoma Skin and Mucosal Cancers After Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation." Journal of Clinical Oncology 24, no. 7 (March 1, 2006): 1119–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2005.02.7052.

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Purpose To evaluate the incidence of and risk factors for basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) in survivors of hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT). Patients and Methods The impact of patient-, disease-, treatment-, and toxicity-related factors on risk of BCC and SCC was determined in a retrospective cohort study of 4,810 patients who received allogeneic HCT and who survived for at least 100 days. Results Among allogeneic HCT recipients, 237 developed at least one skin or mucosal cancer (BCC, n = 158; SCC, n = 95). Twenty-year cumulative incidences of BCC and SCC were 6.5% and 3.4%, respectively. Total-body irradiation was a significant risk factor for BCC (P = .003), most strongly among patients younger than 18 years old at HCT (P = .02, interaction). Light-skinned patients had an increased risk of BCC (P = .01). Acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) increased the risk of SCC (P = .02), whereas chronic GVHD increased the risk of both BCC (P = .01) and SCC (P < .001). Conclusion This analysis suggests that immutable factors, such as age and complexion, have a significant impact on BCC and SCC. However, specific treatment (radiotherapy) and transplantation complications (GVHD) may modify that risk. These additional risk factors suggest the contribution of immunologic mechanism DNA and tissue repair in the development of BCC and SCC. We confirm previous reports that exposure to ionizing radiation increases the risk of BCC but not SCC. Survivors of HCT should be monitored for the development of BCC and SCC and use preventive strategies.
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47

Miller, Suzanne C. M., John J. LiPuma, and Jennifer L. Parke. "Culture-Based and Non-Growth-Dependent Detection of the Burkholderia cepacia Complex in Soil Environments." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 68, no. 8 (August 2002): 3750–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.68.8.3750-3758.2002.

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ABSTRACT Burkholderia cepacia complex (Bcc) bacteria reside in soil, plant rhizospheres, and water, but their prevalence and distribution in outdoor environments is not clear. We sampled a variety of soil and rhizosphere environments with which people may have contact: playgrounds, athletic fields, parks, hiking trails, residential yards, and gardens. A total of 91 sites was sampled in three large U.S. cities. In the first phase of the study, putative Bcc isolates were recovered on Burkholderia cepacia selective agar and trypan blue tetracycline medium and subsequently examined for biochemical reactivity and growth at 32 and 22°C. Isolates were further examined by PCR assays targeting Bcc-specific ribosomal DNA and recA gene sequences. Among the 1,013 bacterial isolates examined, 68 were identified as Bcc; 14 (15%) of 91 sampled sites yielded Bcc isolates. In the second phase, DNA was extracted directly from soil samples and examined with PCR assays targeting Bcc 16S rRNA gene sequences. Either 82 or 93% of the soil samples were positive for at least one Bcc genomovar, depending on the PCR assay system used. Cloning and sequencing were performed to check the specificity of the PCR assays. Sequence analysis of the 463-bp 16S rRNA inserts from eight clones indicated that all were from members of the Bcc. The four soil samples from which these clones were generated did not yield isolates identified as Bcc. Based on PCR detection, Bcc appears to be prevalent in soil from urban and suburban environments. Culture-based recovery of Bcc may underestimate environmental populations.
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48

Kryzhevich, Dmitrij Sergeevich, Aleksandr Vyacheslavovich Korchuganov, Konstantin Petrovich Zolnikov, and Sergey Grigorievich Psakhie. "Role of Localized Non-Equilibrium States in Nucleation of Plastic Deformation in Nanocrystalline Materials." Solid State Phenomena 258 (December 2016): 21–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.258.21.

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A molecular dynamics simulation of the behavior of nanocrystalline materials in the fields of external influences was carried out. Crystallites of the fcc copper and bcc iron under different schemes of mechanical loading were investigated. Revealed specific localized non-equilibrium states served as the mechanism of formation and evolution of partial dislocations in fcc materials and twin growth in bcc materials. These non-equilibrium states were realized on the basis of local transformation of the martensitic type when the nearest surrounding of atoms – the centers of local rearrangements – changed according to the A-B(C) scheme, where A, B and C are types of crystal lattice. The bcc-fcc-bcc local rearrangements during twin growth were typical for bcc iron. The fcc-bcc-hcp and hcp-bcc-fcc local rearrangements during the partial dislocation movement were typical for fcc copper.
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49

Lukić, D., P. Lazić, J. Bandić, Z. Tačević, N. Babić, and D. Ivić. "Influence of radicality surgical excision on results in the treatment of Basocellular Skin Carcinoma (BCC)." Medicinska istrazivanja 47, no. 1 (2013): 39–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/medist1301039l.

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With the prospective study, from June 2003 to January 2013, were compared the results of treatment of basocellular carcinomas (BCC) of the skin in 210 respondents. The respondents were divided into 3 groups. The first group, group A (61 respondents) consisted of respondents treated for BCC with surgical excision, with distance incision of 1 cm from the tumor. In the second group, group B (79 respondents) were classified respondents treated for BCC with surgical excision, at distance incision 2 cm from the tumor, while the third group, group C (70 respondents) was classified by respondents treated with surgical excision of BCC, at distance incision approximately 3cm from the tumor. The parameters for comparison of treatment results were: the method (radicality) of treatment, number of the relapse, elapsed time from surgery to relapse and subsequent disfiguration. The aim of this study was to determine the optimal radicality in the treatment of BCC, i.e., the number of relapses in relation to the radicalism of the BCC excisions. In most of the respondents, intraoperative skin defect was closed by direct suture. Spare distance, from the edge of the BCC, which amounts to 1 cm in group A, results in significantly lower percentage of disfigurement. At the same time, in group A was recorded the highest number of recurrences of BCC. Radical surgeries of BCC, which were performed with the resection margin of 3 cm from the BCC, resulted in the lowest number of relapses, but statistically significant percentage of postoperative disfigurement. The most optimal excisional distance from the edge of the BCC is about 2 cm. Due to the significantly smaller number of disfigurement, resections distance of 2 cm from the BCC and direct suture of postoperative defect take precedence, regardless of the localization of the tumor.
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50

Berisha, Reihane, and Djordje Dzokic. "Dermatoscopic “Mimickers” of Basal Cell Carcinoma - Adnexal Skin Tumors." International Journal of Biomedicine 12, no. 4 (December 5, 2022): 671–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.21103/article12(4)_shc.

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Background: Adnexal skin tumors (AST) are numerous and various, and in their appearance give dermoscopic and clinical features similar to basal cell carcinoma (BCC). Differential diagnosis is difficult, as clinical alteration seems insufficient to distinguish between BCC and many skin lesions that mimic BCC. However, the validity and usefulness of dermatoscopic criteria enable differentiation between BCC and AST. The purpose of this paper was to present the basic dermatoscopic criteria for diagnosis of BCC as well as minimally invasive methods for treatment and clinical management, with a better aesthetic outcome. Methods and Results: This study consisted of a retrospective review of 50 skin lesions collected in our institution over a 3-year period. We analyzed the dermoscopic images of 29 skin lesions with a clinical diagnosis of BCC and 21 cases with a clinical diagnosis of AST. All lesions were assessed for the presence of various dermatoscopic criteria using a manual photo dermatoscopy system DermLite (DermLite 3, Gen). Each case was evaluated by the presence of dermatoscopic features. We compared dermatoscopic and clinical features between the BCC and AST groups. In the AST group, there were 5(23.8%) premalignant and 16(76.2%) benign lesions. Compared to the AST group, the BCC group had a significantly higher frequency of dermatoscopic features (vascular pattern, ulceration, and additional dermatoscopic features). All lesions included in this study showed more than one of the following characteristics of BCC: arborizing vessels, short fine telangiectasia, translucency, ulceration, blue-gray globules, flecked pigmentation, and rolled borders. Cutaneous lesions with 2 or fewer dermatoscopic features of BCC were much more likely to be an adnexal tumor. Conclusion: The results of this study could be valuable for the differential diagnosis of BCC and BCC-mimicking cutaneous lesions, because dermatoscopy can be especially helpful in better describing, recognizing, and differentiating these lesions.
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