Journal articles: 'Bay of Islands'

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Sancho, Leopoldo G., Florian Schulz, Burkhard Schroeter, and Ludger Kappen. "Bryophyte and lichen flora of South Bay (Livingston Island: South Shetland Islands, Antarctica)." Nova Hedwigia 68, no. 3-4 (June 2, 1999): 301–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/nova.hedwigia/68/1999/301.

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Hoang, Phan Kim, Vo Si Tuan, Thai Minh Quang, Dao Tan Hoc, and Hua Thai Tuyen. "Bleaching of coral in Nha Trang, Ninh Thuan, Con Dao and Phu Quoc islands in June–July 2019." Tạp chí Khoa học và Công nghệ biển 20, no. 4A (April 11, 2021): 55–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.15625/1859-3097/15649.

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The studies on coral bleaching were conducted at 21 sites of 4 reef areas in Southern Vietnam, using point transect technique in June–July 2019. Cover of hard corals in the selected sites was quite high with the average values of 65.6 ± 18% % in Con Dao islands, 58.7 ± 26.2% in Ninh Thuan coastal waters, 55.9 ± 17.8% in Phu Quoc island but lower in Nha Trang bay (22.8 ± 15.9%). Soft corals were not abundant with the highest cover in Nha Trang bay (4.73 ± 5.5%) and the lowest in Ninh Thuan (0.16 ± 0.3%). Hard corals were most impacted in Nha Trang bay with 39.5 ± 8.1% bleached, followed by Ninh Thuan reefs (32.9 ± 13.3%), Con Dao Islands (25.0 ± 11.1%) and least affected in Phu Quoc island (7.3 ± 9.05%). For soft corals, ratios of bleached corals were 79.4%, 65.8% and 23.8% in Con Dao islands, Nha Trang bay and Ninh Thuan reefs respectively. No bleached soft coral was recorded in Phu Quoc. At the genus level, Acropora corals were severely affected in Nha Trang bay, Ninh Thuan reefs and Phu Quoc island but not impacted in Con Dao islands. The Porites, Montipora, Millepora genera were quite vulnerable in all sites but no bleaching was observed for Galaxea and Diploastrea genera.

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Sayektiningsih, Tri, Bina Swasta Sitepu, Ishak Yassir, Ulfah Karmila Sari, Mukhlisi Mukhlisi, and Amir Ma'ruf. "Vegetation Structure, Composition, and Soil Properties of Dry Land on Islands in Balikpapan Bay, East Kalimantan." Jurnal Biodjati 5, no. 2 (November 30, 2020): 199–213. http://dx.doi.org/10.15575/biodjati.v5i2.6434.

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Some small islands in Balikpapan Bay consist of dry land which may have different vegetation structure and composition. Our study was the first to uncover vegetation conditions and soil proper-ties of dry land on small islands in Balikpapan Bay, which has never been conducted before. The research was carried out on Kalawasan and Karantina islands. Information on vegetation was obtained by applying a line transect method. Data on soil properties were col-lected by setting up 3 sampling plots in each transect of vegetation. Parameters used for analysing vegetation including relative densi-ty, relative frequency, relative dominance, Shannon-Wiener diversi-ty index, evenness index, and similarity index. Meanwhile, data on soils were analysed descriptively. Trees on Kalawasan island were comprised of 241 individuals belonging to 21 species. There were 61 individuals (22 species) of trees on Karantina island. The diver-sity index of trees on Kalawasan and Karantina island was 2.55 and 2.72, respectively. The tree evenness index was 0.84 on Kalawasan island and 0.88 on Karantina island. The index of similarity for trees between the two islands was 0.21. Furthermore, the soil character-istics on Kalawasan and Karantina islands showed similarities. In general, soil in Kalawasan and Karantina islands could be catego-rised as marginal soil which was common in East Kalimantan. Con-sidering the rapid loss of tropical forests in the mainland of Kali-mantan indicates that the small islands of Balikpapan Bay play an important role in future biodiversity conservation in East Kalimantan.

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Schmiegelow, Fiona K. A., and Thomas D. Nudds. "Island biogeography of vertebrates in Georgian Bay Islands National Park." Canadian Journal of Zoology 65, no. 12 (December 1, 1987): 3041–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z87-460.

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Terrestrial vertebrates on 28 of 77 islands in Georgian Bay Islands National Park were examined by taxon (i.e., nonvolant mammals, herptiles, and birds) to determine whether the number of species on each island was affected by variation in dispersal capability and susceptibility to extinction, as predicted by the equilibrium theory of island biogeography. About 70% of the variation in number of species on islands was accounted for by the area of the islands. Species (S) – area (A) relationships (S = cAz) for birds, herptiles, and nonvolant mammals all differed significantly in slope and intercept (P < 0.05). Intertaxa comparisons revealed that birds exhibited the greatest numbers of species on all sizes of islands and smallest slope (z = 0.32); herptiles exhibited intermediate numbers of species on all sizes of islands and intermediate slope (z = 0.37). Of all taxa, nonvolant mammals exhibited the lowest numbers of species on all sizes of islands and greatest slope (z = 0.42), consistent with the predictions of the theory. These results reinforce earlier suggestions that designs for nature reserves should accommodate intertaxa variation in dispersal ability and susceptibility to extinction.

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Atkinson, Nigel, and John England. "Postglacial emergence of Amund and Ellef Ringnes islands, Nunavut: implications for the northwest sector of the Innuitian Ice Sheet." Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 41, no. 3 (March 1, 2004): 271–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/e03-095.

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This paper presents relative sea-level curves from Amund and Ellef Ringnes islands, northwest Queen Elizabeth Islands. These curves are of exponential form and record continuous, ongoing Holocene emergence, although northwest Ellef Ringnes Island is experiencing a late Holocene transgression. Isobases drawn on postglacial shorelines rise southeastward towards an uplift centre in Norwegian Bay. These suggest the Ringnes Islands occupied the northwest radius of the Innuitian uplift, which is congruent with glacial geological evidence suggesting parts of the Ringnes Islands were covered by the Late Wisconsinan Innuitian Ice Sheet. The isobases provide a provisional reconstruction of glacioisostatic recovery within the northwest Innuitian uplift. Their pattern supports earlier reconstructions that maximum Late Wisconsinan ice thickness occurred across Norwegian Bay, marking the position of an ice divide, which is consistent with ice-flow features on Amund Ringnes Island. They record the diminishing thickness of the Innuitian Ice Sheet from Norwegian Bay to the Arctic Ocean. The absence of an isobase embayment across the Ringnes Islands suggests a relatively uniform ice load across both islands and Hassel and Massey sounds. Parallel isobases across Peary Channel indicate this ice load extended beyond Massey Sound, although their northward deflection suggests an increasing influence of the former Axel Heiberg Island ice load.

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Vane-Wright, Richard Irwin. "THE IDENTITY OF EUPLOEA TULLIOLUS GOODENOUGHI CARPENTER, 1942, A CROW BUTTERFLY (LEPIDOPTERA: NYMPHALIDAE, DANAINAE) FROM PAPUA NEW GUINEA." TREUBIA 46 (December 31, 2019): 21–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.14203/treubia.v46i0.3794.

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The nominal taxon Euploea tulliolus goodenoughi Carpenter, 1942, based on a unique crow butterfly collected on Goodenough Island in 1913, is shown to represent a small, aberrant female of the locally common Euploea leucostictos eustachius (Kirby, 1889). This new synonymy invalidates the only previous record of the Purple Crow, Euploea tulliolus (Fabricius, 1793), from the islands of Milne Bay Province, Papua New Guinea. However, two female Euploea tulliolus collected from islands in the Louisiade Archipelago during 2010 are reported here, constituting the first valid records of the Purple Crow from the Milne Bay islands.

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Puspasari, Reny, and Aisyah Aisyah. "Grouping of Meroplankton Habitat in Jakarta Bay and Seribu Island." Oseanologi dan Limnologi di Indonesia 3, no. 1 (April 30, 2018): 49. http://dx.doi.org/10.14203/oldi.2018.v3i1.151.

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<p>Jakarta Bay is an estuarine ecosystem and facing the small island groups of Seribu Island. Jakarta Bay is known as nursery ground for many marine biotas, determined by numerous numbers of meroplankton. The distributions of meroplankton are highly influence by environmental conditions of Jakarta Bay and Seribu Islands. This research objective was to analyze the habitat preferences of some meroplankton groups such as shrimp, mollusk, crab and fish larvae in Jakarta Bay and Southern Seribu Islands. Fish larvae sampling was conducted in 13 stations that categorized into estuarine and small island stations in Jakarta Bay and Southern Seribu Island, combination of seven estuarine stations and six small island stations. The results found that there was a variation on the distribution and composition of meroplankton in sampling area. There were six groups of marine meroplankton, namely shrimps, mollusk, crabs, fish, jelly fish and squid larvae in Jakarta Bay and Seribu Island. The abundance of shrimp, mollusk and fish larvae is higher in April than August. The abundance of crab larvae is higher in August than April, while the others are found in small number both in April and August. Shrimps, fish and mollusks larvae have no specific preferences in habitat used, however they mostly used small island stations as their habitat compare to estuary, which has high temperature and salinity <br /><br /></p>

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Bartsch, Ilse. "Antarctic Halacaridae (Acari), new records, these species characteristics and an updated list of species." Polish Polar Research 37, no. 1 (March 1, 2016): 131–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/popore-2016-0007.

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AbstractFour halacarid species:Agaue agauoides,Agaue parva,Bradyagaue drygalskii, andHalacarus minorhave been extracted from bottom samples taken in Admiralty Bay, King George Island, South Shetland Islands, another four,Colobocerasides auster,Halacarus arnaudi,Lohmannella fukushimai, andL. gaussi, from Kapp Norvegia, Atka and Halley Bay, Weddell Sea. Most of these species are widespread around Antarctica and adjacent islands. Diagnostic characters are outlined. An annotated list presents 66 halacarid species reported from south of the Antarctic Polar Front.

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Laskowski, Zdzisław, and Krzysztof Zdzitowiecki. "Contribution to the knowledge of the infection with Acanthocephala of a predatory Antarctic ice-fish Chaenocephalus aceratus." Polish Polar Research 31, no. 4 (January 1, 2010): 303–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10183-010-0007-z.

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Contribution to the knowledge of the infection with Acanthocephala of a predatory Antarctic ice-fish Chaenocephalus aceratus Adult females of a predatory fish, the blackfin icefish, Chaenocephalus aceratus examined at the South Shetland Islands and South Orkney Islands were by several orders of magnitude more infected with Acanthocephala than the males and immature females. Such phenomenon has not been observed in the neritic zone at South Georgia. Cystacanths of Corynosoma hamanni and Corynosoma pseudohamanni were the dominant parasites in Admiralty Bay, whereas Corynosoma bullosum was the dominant in the open sea off the South Shetland Islands and South Georgia, and in the sub-coastal waters off the South Orkney Islands. However, the dominance of C. bullosum was observed in several hosts in Admiralty Bay and the co-dominance of C. bullosum, C. hamanni, and C. pseudohamanni in one mature female in the neritic zone at the South Shetland Islands. Probably, these fish previously lived in the open sea. Cystacanths of Corynosoma arctocephali and Corynosoma shackletoni occurred in the fish in Admiralty Bay and off South Georgia. The former parasite was present also off the South Orkney Islands. One cystacanth of Andracantha baylisi was found off South Georgia. Two echinorhynchids, Aspersentis megarhynchus and Metacanthocephalus dalmori, occurred in the alimentary tracts of the fish caught in Admiralty Bay and one specimen of Echinorhynchus petrotschenkoi off the South Shetland Islands. The highest infection, amounting to 816 acanthocephalans, was found in a mature female in Admiralty Bay. One cystacanth of C. hamanni occurred in a single immature fish caught in the sub-coastal area off Deception Island.

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Darmayati, Yeti, Shigeaki Harayama, Atsushi Yamazoe, Ariani Hatmanti, Sulistiani, Ruyitno Nuchsin, and Djoko Hadi Kunarso. "HYDROCARBONOCLASTIC BACTERIA FROM JAKARTA BAY AND SERIBU ISLANDS." Marine Research in Indonesia 33, no. 1 (June 30, 2008): 55–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.14203/mri.v33i1.506.

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Jakarta Bay has been known as one of the most polluted marine environment in Indonesia, with no exception by oil. Seribu Islands waters, located in the north of Jakarta Bay may have been impacted by this polluted condition.It’s sometimes also hit by oil spillage from pipe leakage. The purpose of this study is to isolate and identify hydrocarbonoclastic bacteria (oil and Polyaromatic Hydrocarbon degrading bacteria) from Jakarta Bay and Seribu Island waters. The bacteria were isolated from water and sediment/sand. Isolation was prepared by enriched samples in SWP medium with Arabian Light Crude Oil (ALCO). Screening for PAH degrading bacteria has been completed by using sublimation plate method in ONR7a medium and screening for oil degrading bacteria were conducted by using oil plated method with the same medium. Bacteria identifications were done based on l6sRNA gene. The results were analyzed using BLAST and showed that 131 potential hydrocarbonoclastic bacteria have been isolated from Jakarta Bay and Seribu Island waters. Most of them were oil degrading bacteria (41.98%) and the rest were PAH degrading bacteria. Oil pollution level may impact the number of strain of hydrocarbonoclastic bacteria isolated. Among the hydrocarbonoclastic bacteria isolated from Jakarta Bay and Seribu Islands, Alcanivorax, Marinobacter, Achromobacter and Bacillus were common hydrocarbonoclastic genera in Jakarta Bay and its surrounding waters. Alcanivorax spp. is important oil and PAH-degrader found not only in temperate waters, but in tropical waters as well.

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Erwin, R. Michael, David F. Brinker, Bryan D. Watts, Gary R. Costanzo, and David D. Morton. "Islands at bay: rising seas, eroding islands, and waterbird habitat loss in Chesapeake Bay (USA)." Journal of Coastal Conservation 15, no. 1 (September 1, 2010): 51–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11852-010-0119-y.

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Miller, B. V., S. M. Barr, and R. S. Black. "Neoproterozoic and Cambrian U–Pb (zircon) ages from Grand Manan Island, New Brunswick: implications for stratigraphy and northern Appalachian terrane correlations." Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 44, no. 7 (July 1, 2007): 911–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/e06-132.

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Pre-Mesozoic rocks are exposed on the southeastern third of Grand Manan Island and adjacent offshore islands in the Bay of Fundy. U–Pb (zircon) ages reported here demonstrate that most of these rocks are late Neoproterozoic to Early Cambrian. The oldest dated unit is the Ingalls Head Formation, from which two felsic tuff samples yielded ages of 617.6 ± 3.2 and 618.3 ± 2.8 Ma. The Three Islands granite, exposed only on offshore islands, is younger than the Ingalls Head Formation at 611.1 ± 2.4 Ma. It provides a minimum age for marble of the Kent Island Formation, which occurs as large xenoliths in the granite. The High Duck Island granite yielded an age of 547.3 ± 1.1 Ma, providing a minimum late Neoproterozoic age for the host Long Island Bay Formation. An age of 539.0 ± 3.3 Ma from a dacitic lithic-crystal tuff demonstrates that the Priest Cove Formation is earliest Cambrian; this supersedes a Silurian age previously suggested on the basis of poorly documented fossil evidence. The Long Pond Bay Formation is considered to be the youngest pre-Mesozoic unit on Grand Manan Island, based on petrological features, but a felsic intrusive sample from the unit yielded ca. 588 Ma xenocrystic zircon grains that provide only a maximum age for the unit. Although lack of exposed contacts or U–Pb ages from a few units precludes a complete stratigraphic picture, the ages reported here deomonstrate that most pre-Mesozoic units on Grand Manan Island are not Paleozoic as previously assumed. Some units on Grand Manan Island show similarities in rock types and ages to components in the Islesboro block in Penobscot Bay in coastal Maine. Overall, the range of ages and rock types suggests that they correlate with the New River and Mascarene terranes of southern New Brunswick, requiring an offset of at least 40 km between southern New Brunswick and adjacent Maine along the Grand Manan – Oak Bay fault system. Hence, both the Ganderia–Avalonia and Avalonia–Meguma boundaries lie farther offshore than Grand Manan Island.

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Graham, Ross. "Partial creolization, restructuring and convergence in Bay Islands Englishes." English World-Wide 26, no. 1 (March 11, 2005): 43–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/eww.26.1.03gra.

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Bay Islands English has been described in the literature as a variety which shows little evidence of creole features. However, existing accounts are based on restricted data samples taken from communities where restructuring is much less in evidence than among black speakers in the largest island, Roatan. The field-data utilized in the present study are analyzed to give a more detailed picture of the patterns of community-wide language variation. The processes shaping the development of Bay Islands English are considered, and an account is offered based on inter-ethnic contact. It is argued that restructuring has been constrained by processes of convergence and differentiation affecting two distinct ethnic varieties, with some black speech showing a high degree of creole influence.

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Liu, Ke, Qin Chen, and Kelin Hu. "THE IMPACT OF BARRIER ISLAND DEGRADATION ON HURRICANE-INDUCED SEDIMENT TRANSPORT." Coastal Engineering Proceedings, no. 36 (December 30, 2018): 49. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v36.papers.49.

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Hurricanes are recognized as a strong forcing in changing coastal morphology by redistributing sediments. Barrier islands protect estuaries from storm surge and severe waves and confine water and sediment discharge into estuaries during a hurricane event. In this study, we developed a three-dimensional, fully coupled storm surge, waves, and sediment transport model. The impacts of barrier islands degradation on hurricane hydrodynamics and sediment dynamics were evaluated by comparing a hypothetical model configuration for four major barrier islands in Terrebonne Bay and Barataria Bay against a baseline configuration. With the hypothetical deterioration of barrier islands, model results showed that the sediment transport from the shelf to the estuary increased in Terrebonne Bay but decreased in Barataria Bay. In the simulations, most of the deposition on coastal wetland still originated from the bay even when the barrier islands were degraded.

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Umbreit, Andreas. "Chapter 4. The places of Franz Josef Land: current visits and imagery." Septentrio Conference Series, no. 3 (September 9, 2015): 30. http://dx.doi.org/10.7557/5.3581.

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Recent tourist cruises of Franz Josef Land have offered the chance to search for the remains of historic expeditions to the islands, as well as expeditions that used the islands as a base from which to try to reach the geographic North Pole. Expedition leader Andreas Umbreit discusses his recent such finds at both Greely Island and Teplitz Bay on Rudolf Island, as well as several other sites.

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Thung, Do Cong, Nguyen Dang Ngai, and Le Thi Thuy. "Sponge’s biodiversity in the limestone islands in Vietnam sea." Tạp chí Khoa học và Công nghệ biển 20, no. 4 (December 29, 2020): 417–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.15625/1859-3097/15307.

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In 2017, 2018 and 2020, sponge samples were collected at 41 points in the waters surrounding Vietnam’s coastal limestone islands (Bai Tu Long, Ha Long bay, Cat Ba and Ba Lua archipelago). Research results have identified 54 species belonging to 33 genera, 24 families of Demosponge class distributed in this area. Ha Long bay area has the highest number of species (53 species), followed by Cat Ba (46 species), Bai Tu Long 19 species; Ba Lua archipelago (Kien Giang) has the least number of species (3 species). Sponges are concentrated in coral reefs with the highest number of species (48 species) and the lowest in the mud and sand bottom (4 species). Biomass of sponges varies from 0.2–1.5 kg/m2. There are 11 sites with high biomass, which have the potential to become Vietnam’s medicinal drug area.

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Uda, Takaaki, Masumi Serizawa, and Shiho Miyahara. "FORMATION OF CUSPATE FORELAND IN FIELD SUBJECT TO WAVE-SHELTERING EFFECT OF ISLANDS." Coastal Engineering Proceedings, no. 35 (June 23, 2017): 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v35.sediment.4.

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The morphological characteristics of the cuspate forelands located in Gardiners Bay on Long Island, New York, and Ukraine Bay in the Black Sea, and a land-tied island in Vietnam were investigated. The BG model (a model for predicting three-dimensional beach changes based on Bagnoldâ€™s concept) was used to predict the development of a cuspate foreland, when an island is located offshore of the cuspate foreland and waves are incident from two opposite directions. It was found that a cuspate foreland elongates toward the lee of the island owing to the wave-sheltering effect of an island. The formation of a land-tied island when five islands and two sand sources are located on opposite shores was also predicted using the BG model.

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Wingard, G. Lynn, S. E. Bergstresser, B. L. Stackhouse, M. C. Jones, M. E. Marot, K. Hoefke, A. Daniels, and K. Keller. "Impacts of Hurricane Irma on Florida Bay Islands, Everglades National Park, USA." Estuaries and Coasts 43, no. 5 (November 22, 2019): 1070–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12237-019-00638-7.

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AbstractHurricane Irma made landfall in south Florida, USA, on September 10, 2017 as a category 4 storm. In January 2018, fieldwork was conducted on four previously (2014) sampled islands in Florida Bay, Everglades National Park to examine changes between 2014 and 2018. The objectives were to determine if the net impact of the storm was gain or loss of island landmass and/or elevation; observe and quantify impacts to mangroves; and identify distinctive sedimentary, biochemical, and/or geochemical signatures of the storm. Storm overwash deposits were measured in the field and, in general, interior island mudflats appeared to experience deposition ranging from ~ 0.5 to ~ 6.5 cm. Elevation changes were measured using real-time kinematic positioning and satellite receivers. Comparison of 2014 to 2018 elevation measurements indicates mangrove berms and transitional areas between mudflats and berms experienced erosion and loss of elevation, whereas interior mudflats gained elevation, possibly due to Hurricane Irma. Geographic information system analysis of pre- and post-storm satellite imagery indicates the western-most island, closest to the eye of the storm, lost 32 to 42% (~ 11 to 13 m) of the width of the eastern berm, and vegetated coverage was reduced 9.3% or ~ 9700 m2. Vegetated coverage on the eastern-most island was reduced by 1.9% or ~ 9200 m2. These results are compared to previous accounts of hurricane impacts and provide a baseline for examining long-term constructive and destructive aspects of hurricanes on the islands and the role of storms in resiliency of Florida Bay islands.

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Jenner, G. A., G. R. Dunning, J. Malpas, M. Brown, and T. Brace. "Bay of Islands and Little Port complexes, revisited: age, geochemical and isotopic evidence confirm suprasubduction-zone origin." Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 28, no. 10 (October 1, 1991): 1635–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/e91-146.

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The Bay of Islands Complex of the Humber Arm allochthon, west Newfoundland, contains the best-exposed ophiolite in the Appalachian Orogen. Associated structural slices, the Little Port and Skinner Cove complexes, also contain rocks formed in an oceanic domain, although their relationship to the Bay of Islands Complex remains controversial.To constrain the origin of the complexes and obtain a better understanding of the geology of the Humber Arm allochthon, we have undertaken an integrated geochronological, geochemical, and isotopic study. A U/Pb zircon age of [Formula: see text] Ma for the Little Port Complex and a zircon and baddeleyite age of 484 ± 5 Ma for the Bay of Islands Complex have been obtained. Geochemical and isotopic data on trondhjemitic rocks from the two complexes indicate that petrogenetic models for these rocks must account for fundamental differences in source materials and mineralogy during differentiation. The Little Port Complex trondhjemites are characterized by initial εNd of −1 to +1, whereas those in the Bay of Islands have εNd of +6.5. Geochemical signatures in mafic and felsic volcanics of the complexes are diverse, and show a complete gradation between arc and non-arc.The Bay of Islands and Little Port complexes are not related by any form of a major mid-ocean-ridge – transform-fault model. An alternative model to explain the relationships between the two complexes interprets the Little Port as arc-related and the Bay of Islands as a suprasubduction-zone ophiolite.

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Hernández-Salinas, Uriel, Aurelio Ramírez-Bautista, and Vicente Mata-Silva. "Species richness of squamate reptiles from two islands in the Mexican Pacific." Check List 10, no. 6 (December 9, 2014): 1264. http://dx.doi.org/10.15560/10.6.1264.

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Cocinas and San Pancho Islands, located in the Bay of Chamela, Jalisco, México, are two of the few remaining island ecosystems with little ecological disturbance. We studied both islands aiming to assess their reptile richness. Because the environment in Chamela is seasonal, we conducted biodiversity surveys during six samplings: three in the dry season and three in rainy season. We found a total of seven reptile species on Cocinas and San Pancho Islands representing the first description of their herpetofauna. We recorded four species (Aspidoscelis lineattissima, Hemidactylus frenatus, Iguana iguana, and Urosaurus bicarinatus) on Cocinas Island, and six species (A. lineattissima, Phyllodactylus lanei, H. frenatus, Anolis nebulosus, Urosaurus bicarinatus, and Boa constrictor) on San Pancho Island. Species richness in Cocinas showed a higher evenness than in San Pancho Island. Finally, A. lineattissima and A. nebulosus were the dominant species on Cocinas and San Pancho Islands, respectively.

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Wheelwright, Nathaniel T., Elise Begin, Claire Ellwanger, Samuel H. Taylor, and Judy L. Stone. "Minimal loss of genetic diversity and no inbreeding depression in blueflag iris (Iris versicolor) on islands in the Bay of Fundy." Botany 94, no. 7 (July 2016): 543–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjb-2016-0004.

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Isolated island plant populations founded by few individuals are often characterized by decreased genetic variation and increased inbreeding. Our aim was to measure population genetic diversity and inbreeding depression in blueflag iris (Iris versicolor L., Iridaceae), a native allotetraploid, on islands in the Bay of Fundy, Canada. Hand-pollination experiments (inbreeding, within-site outbreeding, between-island outbreeding) on Kent Island, New Brunswick, revealed no evidence for inbreeding depression across a broad array of morphological, physiological, and life-history traits. Leaf tissue samples collected from three mainland sites and 10 islands in the Bay of Fundy and genotyped using three microsatellite primer pairs showed that island populations were less genetically diverse than mainland populations. Island populations were genetically distinct from each other, indicating a bottleneck effect associated with colonization and continued isolation. Nonetheless, substantial genetic variation was maintained at the population level. Polyploidy and a history of self-fertilization may allow Iris versicolor to avoid inbreeding depression in isolated populations. Our study supports Anderson’s (1936) original hypothesis that substantial genetic diversity can be preserved within polyploid species, even with extensive inbreeding.

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CARVALHO, M. A., V. S. F. TRINDADE, C. G. GONÇALVES, and H. COSTA. "Palynofacies Analyses of Fox Bay Formation (Devonian), Falkland Islands." Anuário do Instituto de Geociências - UFRJ 42, no. 1 (March 25, 2019): 7–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.11137/2019_1_07_19.

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Rogers, J. W. "Sustainable Development Patterns: The Chesapeake Bay Region." Water Science and Technology 26, no. 12 (December 1, 1992): 2711–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1992.0372.

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Those who decide how land is developed need to understand the concept of “nodes and corridors” for human development patterns as well as “nodes and corridors” for sustainable biological diversity and natural processes. Human activity has dramatically changed the landscape and has subtly altered the balance of nature. Each land use creates a host of environmental quality issues. For each choice of location development types, density, construction methods, or ways of conducting day-to-day domestic and business practices, there seems to be unintended environmental consequences. Studies have shown how land use densities and landscape patterns are fundamental to achieving sustainable environmental quality, lifestyles, and economies. Sustainable economic vitality requires sustainable environmental quality. Biologists and managers have been aware since Darwin's work on the biology of islands that a relationship exists between habitat size and its composition. Today, forests, wetlands, and other sensitive ecosystems are often “islands” in a sea of disturbed land. The patterns and sizes of these island ecosystems must be managed to prevent extinction of plants and animals and loss of functions such as those that prevent flooding and enhance water quality.

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Sclater, W. L. "VI.-Saldanha Bay and its Bird-Islands." Ibis 46, no. 1 (April 3, 2008): 79–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1474-919x.1904.tb00499.x.

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Singh, Sarabjeet, W. G. L. Aalbersberg, and R. J. Morrison. "Nutrient Pollution in Laucala Bay, Fiji Islands." Water, Air, and Soil Pollution 204, no. 1-4 (April 23, 2009): 363–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11270-009-0050-8.

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Natsir, Suhartati M. "THE DISTRIBUTION OF BENTHIC FORAMINIFERA IN DAMAR ISLAND AND JUKUNG ISLAND, SERIBU ISLANDS." Marine Research in Indonesia 35, no. 2 (December 31, 2010): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.14203/mri.v35i1.10.

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Seribu Islands are archipelago within Jakarta Bay built upon the pleistocene coral formation of the Sunda Shelf. The islands are characterized by unique and high biodiversity such as coral reefs. Since coral reef degradation would lead to a decrease of human prosperity, the determination of the coral reef quality is of high importance. Foraminifera offers an early warning system for the coral reef condition, as exemplified by the FORAM Index, i.e. Foraminifera in Reef Assessment and Monitoring Index. This study compared the foraminiferal community structure and the FORAM Index of two islands between the Damar Besar and Jukung. Both islands were dominated by symbiont-bearing foraminifera of the genera Amphistegina, Calcarina, Heterostegina, Marginophora, and Operculina. However, the number of benthic foraminifers at Jukung Island was higher than that at Damar Besar Island, having 17 individuals per species on average. Jukung Island was a conducive site to reef growth, as indicated by a FORAM Index (between 6,48 and 6,57), and Damar Besar Island was liable to environmental change.

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Natsir, Suhartati M. "THE DISTRIBUTION OF BENTHIC FORAMINIFERA IN DAMAR ISLAND AND JUKUNG ISLAND, SERIBU ISLANDS." Marine Research in Indonesia 35, no. 2 (December 31, 2010): 9–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.14203/mri.v35i2.10.

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Seribu Islands are archipelago within Jakarta Bay built upon the pleistocene coral formation of the Sunda Shelf. The islands are characterized by unique and high biodiversity such as coral reefs. Since coral reef degradation would lead to a decrease of human prosperity, the determination of the coral reef quality is of high importance. Foraminifera offers an early warning system for the coral reef condition, as exemplified by the FORAM Index, i.e. Foraminifera in Reef Assessment and Monitoring Index. This study compared the foraminiferal community structure and the FORAM Index of two islands between the Damar Besar and Jukung. Both islands were dominated by symbiont-bearing foraminifera of the genera Amphistegina, Calcarina, Heterostegina, Marginophora, and Operculina. However, the number of benthic foraminifers at Jukung Island was higher than that at Damar Besar Island, having 17 individuals per species on average. Jukung Island was a conducive site to reef growth, as indicated by a FORAM Index (between 6,48 and 6,57), and Damar Besar Island was liable to environmental change.

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BRAMANDITO, ADITYA, BEGINER SUBHAN, TRI PRARTONO, NURLITA PUTRI ANGGRAINI, HEDI INDRA JANUAR, and HAWIS H. MADDUPPA. "Genetic diversity and population structure of Siganus fuscescens across urban reefs of Seribu Islands, Northern of Jakarta, Indonesia." Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity 19, no. 6 (October 9, 2018): 1993–2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d190603.

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Bramandito A, Subhan B, Prartono T, Anggraini NP, Januar HI, Madduppa HH. 2018. Genetic diversity and population structure of Siganus fuscescens across urban reefs of Seribu Islands, Northern of Jakarta, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 19: 1993-2002. Jakarta bay and Seribu Islands reefs have been affected by anthropogenic activities which causing them degraded and low quality of the ecosystem. However, lack of study has been conducted to investigate the effect on reef fish population due to change in ecosystem quality. Therefore, this study was undertaken to analyze genetic diversity and population structure of Siganus fuscescens population against heavy metals (Pb, Cd, and Cu) concentration across Jakarta Bay and Seribu Islands environmental gradient. Genetic diversity and structuring of S. fuscescens populations were determined using partial sequences of the mitochondrial cytochrome C oxidase I. Monitoring of heavy metal was measured by Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS) shows highest concentration of heavy metal (Pb, Cd, and Cu) was observed in the southern of Seribu Islands, closest to Jakarta. However, the diversity of haplotype obtained from each location indicates a varied range between 0,1429 (Pramuka Island, located in the center) and 0,75 (Untung Jawa Island, located in the south). Linear regression test reveals that Cu elements had a moderate effect (R2 adjusted = 0.665) to the nucleotide diversity of the fish. The study shows some populations of S. fuscescens have been affected by heavy metal and could be an alarm to manage this artisanal targeted fish in the Seribu Islands.

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Serizawa, Masumi, and Takaaki Uda. "MODEL FOR PREDICTING FORMATION OF BAY BARRIER." Coastal Engineering Proceedings 1, no. 32 (January 29, 2011): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v32.posters.10.

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A barrier island often develops along the marginal area of a flat shallow sea. Various explanations have been given for the cause of development of barrier islands. Most studies have focused on the development and deformation of a barrier island during increases in sea level in terms of the stratification of sand layers in the sand bar and the change in longitudinal profiles (Schwarz, 1971), and studies on the 3-D development of a barrier considering the water depth where the barrier island develops and wave intensity are rare. In this study, we consider the relationship between wave energy and the water depth where a barrier island develops, in which the wave energy reaching the shoreline is controlled under a constant-sea-level condition. On the basis of the results of a movable bed experiment by Uda et al. (1994), the development of a bay barrier is investigated using the BG model proposed by Serizawa et al. (2009), taking a bay barrier that extends deep in a bay as an example.

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Thung, Do Cong, and Dao Minh Dong. "DIVERSITY OF ECHINODERMS (ECHINODERMATA) IN THE NORTH EASTERN ISLANDS, VIETNAM." Tạp chí Khoa học và Công nghệ Biển 18, no. 3 (November 3, 2018): 296–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.15625/1859-3097/18/3/13232.

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41 species have been identified, belonging to 29 genera, 18 families, 10 orders and 5 classes of Echinoderms in Northeast islands, from Mong Cai (Quang Ninh) to Do Son (Hai Phong). Compared to previous publications, 15 species were first identified in the Tonkin Gulf. The diversity of species numbers shows that Oreasteridae and Holothuriidae have the highest number of species (5 species/family), similarly the genus Holothuri has the highest species number (5 species). Ha Long Bay - Cat Ba has 33 species; Co To - Thanh Lan has 24 species and Bai Tu Long has 25 species. Echinoderms live in three habitats: Sand, coral, reef. The highest number of species is living in the sandy bottom and coral reefs, 39% and the lowest number only about 10% in coral reefs and reef. Van Boi, Van Ha, Da Den, Bac Van, Hong Van have high density of Echinoderms, potentially becoming marine medicine yards.

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Majewski, Wojciech. "Benthic foraminifera from Pine Island and Ferrero bays, Amundsen Sea." Polish Polar Research 34, no. 2 (June 1, 2013): 169–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/popore-2013-0012.

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Abstract Twenty one core tops from the central part of Pine Island Bay and nearby Ferrero Bay were collected in early 2010. They originate from a poorly studied area of the Amundsen Sea influenced at greater depths by relatively warm Circumpolar Deep Water. Almost all samples came from water−depths between 550 and 900 m and yield benthic foraminiferal assemblages of moderate variability with a significant decrease in calcareous forms with increasing water−depth. In total, 93 benthic taxa, belonging to 71 genera, are identified at the species level. They share a greater percentage of common species with the Ross Sea than with South Shetland Islands, most likely due to stronger climatic dissimilar− ity with the latter. Interestingly, the assemblages from Pine Island Bay, share the greatest numbers of taxa with assemblages described from Lutzow−Holm Bay in East Antarctica, where the influence of Circumpolar Deep Water has been also recognized.

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GRISMER, L. LEE, NGO VAN TRI, and JESSE L. GRISMER. "A new species of insular pitviper of the genus Cryptelytrops (Squamata: Viperidae) from southern Vietnam." Zootaxa 1715, no. 1 (February 29, 2008): 57. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.1715.1.4.

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We describe a new species of pitviper Cryptelytrops honsonensis sp. nov. from Hon Son Island in Rach Gia Bay, Kien Giang Province of southern Vietnam based on it having unique aspects of scalation, body proportions, and color pattern. It is similar to C. venustus in morphology and color pattern and the putative close relationship between these species would corroborate a biogeographical link across southern Indochina seen in a number of other taxa. The presence of this newly discovered insular endemic in Rach Gia Bay and other insular endemics of Rach Gia Bay addressed herein, underscores the understudied nature of these islands and the need for their continued conservation.

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Olech, Maria. "Lichens from the Admiralty Bay region, King George Island (South Shetland Islands, Antarctica)." Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae 58, no. 3 (2014): 493–512. http://dx.doi.org/10.5586/asbp.1989.038.

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61 Species new to the Admiralty Bay region are reported. Among them 51 are new to King George Island, 35 to the South Shetland archipelago, 15 to the Antarctic zone, and 6 to the Southern Hemisphere. A further 49 species were found at new localities.

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34

Atkinson, Nigel. "Late Wisconsinan glaciation of Amund and Ellef Ringnes islands, Nunavut: evidence for the configuration, dynamics, and deglacial chronology of the northwest sector of the Innuitian Ice Sheet." Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 40, no. 3 (March 1, 2003): 351–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/e02-106.

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Geomorphic and chronologic evidence from Amund and Ellef Ringnes islands documents the configuration, dynamics, and collapse of the northwest sector of the Innuitian Ice Sheet. These data record the inundation of the Ringnes Islands by northwestward-flowing ice from divides spanning the alpine and lowland sectors of the Innuitian Ice Sheet. Ice-flow indicators and granite dispersal along eastern Amund Ringnes Island suggest Massey Sound was filled by an ice stream discharging coalescent alpine and lowland ice from Norwegian Bay. In contrast, the interior of Amund Ringnes Island was overridden by predominantly non-erosive, granite-free ice from a divide in the lowland sector of the ice sheet. Glacial landforms on Ellef Ringnes Island record coverage by largely non-erosive ice, but it remains uncertain whether these features relate to northward-flowing lowland ice or a cold-based local ice cap. Deglaciation of the Ringnes Islands commenced ~10 000 14C years ago. Deglacial dates between 9.7 and 9.2 ka BP record the sequential entry of marine fauna along Massey and Hassel sounds, concomitant with the southward retreat of trunk ice towards Norwegian Bay. These data suggest marine-based trunk glaciers were vulnerable to calving during pre-Holocene eustatic sea-level rise. However, deglacial dates from inner embayments indicate that residual ice caps persisted on Amund and Ellef Ringnes islands for 800 to 1400 14C years after retreat of trunk ice from the adjacent marine channels. Lateral meltwater channels record the subsequent retreat of these ice caps, which became increasingly confined within upland valleys after 8.6 ka BP.

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35

Farid, M. A., S. Rasidi, and M. P. Patria. "THE COMMUNITY STRUCTURE OF SEAGRASS IN ENGGANO ISLANDS, BENGKULU." Marine Research in Indonesia 33, no. 1 (June 30, 2008): 7–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.14203/mri.v33i1.501.

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The community structure of seagrass in Enggano Islands has been studied in August 2004. The aim of the study was to assess the seagrass community including species composition, density, and distribution pattern. The study was executed using transect quadrat methods, where seagrasses were counted in quadrats of 50 cm2. The result showed that the Enggano Islands seagrasses consist of seven species Enhalus acoroides, Halophila ovalis, Thallasia hemprichii, Cymodocea rotundata, Cymodocea serrulata, Halodule uninervis, and Syringodium isoetifolium. The highest density occurred in Dua Island dominated by Thallasia hemprichii (363.3 shoots m-2), while the lowest density occurred in Merbau Island dominated by Enhalus acoroides (0.4 shoot m-2). The highest diversity index (HB) occurred in Kiape Bay (1.446) and the lowest in Merbau Island (0.634). In general, seagrass community in Enggano Islands was dominated by Thallasia hemprichii. All species has clumped distribution pattern (Id > 1).

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Ivanova, Maria B., and Alexandra P. Tsurpalo. "The Phyllospadix iwatensis community in the intertidal zone of the Far Eastern seas of Russia." Izvestiya TINRO 188, no. 1 (March 30, 2017): 173–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.26428/1606-9919-2017-188-173-180.

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The community of Phyllospadix iwatensis is studied using materials from expeditions of A.V. Zhirmunsky Institute of Marine Biology (National Scientific Center of Marine Biology, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences) and archive data (1949-2013) of the Laboratory of Chorology covering the species habitat area from Peter the Great Bay in the south to middle Kuril Islands in the north. The core of the community is identified. It has changing species composition; the changes correspond to geographical boundaries of the cenotic systems of Peter the Great Bay, the Lesser Kuril Islands, and Iturup Island. However, these boundaries do not coincide with the boundaries of the species-edificator habitat that embraces several cenotic systems. Spatial alterations of the cenotic systems are caused by landscape changes conditioned by general geomorphological situation and ecological conditions in the intertidal zone.

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Jigena, Bismarck, Manuel Berrocoso, Cristina Torrecillas, Juan Vidal, Ignacio Barbero, and Alberto Fernandez-Ros. "Determination of an experimental geoid at Deception Island, South Shetland Islands, Antarctica." Antarctic Science 28, no. 4 (February 24, 2016): 277–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954102015000681.

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AbstractDeception Island is an active volcano located in Bransfield Strait. Its volcanic activity is linked to the presence of gravity anomalies that influence the definition of the geoid. In this paper, a precise undulation geoid model (GeoiDEC14) has been computed from GPS, gravimetric and levelling measurements. GeoiDEC14 highlights local anomalies of the island that match with hot spots, such as the minimum values shown in Fumarole Bay and Whalers Bay (fumarole areas), or the maximum values found in the remains of lava at Colatinas, Black Glacier and Murature Point. Comparison of GeoiDEC14 with global models always shows negative values due to an average of 18.80 m for our model compared to 19.80–20.60 m for models such as ITSG-Grace2014s, EGM08, AIUG-Grace03s or EGM96. This difference is due to the lack of resolution of global models and to the volcanic activity on the island. To confirm the results, the same measurements were taken on nearby Livingston Island. The values of geoid undulation on this island reaffirm the lack of detail in the global geoid in the area, presenting an average of 18.90 m, similar to the average value of GeoiDEC14.

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Zemko, Karol, Krzysztof Pabis, Jacek Siciński, and Magdalena Błażewicz. "New records of isopod species of the Antarctic Specially Managed Area No. 1, Admiralty Bay, South Shetland Islands." Polish Polar Research 38, no. 3 (September 1, 2017): 409–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/popore-2017-0017.

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AbstractAdmiralty Bay (King George Island) is an Antarctic Specially Managed Area and one the most thoroughly studied small-scale marine basins in the Southern Ocean. Our study provides new data on the isopod fauna in this glacially affected fjord. Twelve species of isopods were recorded in this basin for the first time. Six of them were found for the first time in the region of the South Shetland Islands. The highest number of species new for Admiralty Bay were found in the families Munnopsidae (4 species) and Munnidae (3 species).

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Bell, Douglas, Hans Slabbekoorn, and Andrea Jesse. "Microgeographic song variation in island populations of the white-crowned sparrow (Zonotrichia leucophrys nutalli): innovation through recombination." Behaviour 140, no. 7 (2003): 947–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156853903770238409.

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AbstractCurrent geographic variation in bird song dialects may be used to infer historical processes involved in dialect formation. Discrete island populations, separated by water or unsuitable habitat, may be particularly useful as they allow for unequivocal subdivision of populations. We analyzed song recordings of nine populations of the white-crowned sparrow within the San Francisco Bay area, both on 'true' islands separated by water and in habitat islands along the Bay shore. We found one or two unique songtypes in each population with little variation within songtypes among individuals. Differences in songtypes concerned variation in syntax, syllable shapes, and spectral and temporal features. While each songtype exhibited unique features, there were often parts of the song that showed high similarity with songtypes of neighboring populations. We think that successfully dispersing males may learn from multiple tutors and produce songtype hybrids which could explain the variation in songtypes among populations. We found rare acoustic features on the 'true' islands, but also an apparent lack of impact by water barriers on the relationship between song similarity and geographic distance. A possible explanation may be that male dispersal, or just spread of song characteristics, is predominantly from island to mainland. Such a unidirectional pattern could result in rare song characteristics on islands, while general acoustic characteristics are still shared with the nearest mainland populations. Variation in similarity-based clustering of songtypes suggested that new songtypes emerge through recombination of components from existing songtypes.

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Stea, Rudolph R., and Daryl M. Wightman. "Age of the Five Islands Formation, Nova Scotia, and the Deglaciation of the Bay of Fundy." Quaternary Research 27, no. 3 (May 1987): 211–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0033-5894(87)90078-0.

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AbstractThree atomic mass spectrometry (AMS) dates have been obtained for shell material from the bottomset beds of a glaciomarine delta at Spencers Island, Nova Scotia, near the head of the Bay of Fundy. The sediments in the delta are part of the previously undated Five Islands Formation, and are the first direct indictaion of the age of deglaciation in this region. The dates range from 14,300 to 12,600 yr B.P. and record the duration of deposition of a diamicton under the deltaic deposits and of the delta itself. The diamicton may have formed around 14,000 yr B.P. under ice-shelf or calving-bay conditions, or by a readvance of grounded ice. The Spencers Island delta is part of a prominent ice-marginal stand marked by numerous deltas along the Minas Basin. The time of formation of the deltas and the inferred ice margin is between 13,500 and 12,000 yr B.P. based on the Spencers Island dates and palynologically confirmed dates on the base of lake-sediment cores from the delta surface. Ice-marginal glaciomarine deposits near St. John, New Brunswick, record a range of radiocarbon dates similar to the Spencers Island dates. This implies that the Bay of Fundy became virtually ice free about 14,000 yr B.P.

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Hogg, E. H., J. K. Morton, and Joan M. Venn. "Biogeography of island floras in the Great Lakes. I. Species richness and composition in relation to gull nesting activities." Canadian Journal of Botany 67, no. 4 (April 1, 1989): 961–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b89-128.

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Species–area relations of vascular plants and the effect of nesting colonies of gulls on plant species composition were investigated for 77 islands in Georgian Bay and Lake Huron in the Great Lakes region of Canada. The percentage of plant species classed as alien, annual, or biennial was significantly greater on islands with gull colonies. The slope of the species–area curve was significantly steeper on islands supporting gull colonies compared with islands lacking gull colonies. The expected decline in species richness with increased island remoteness was not detected statistically using multiple regression analysis. The difference in species–area slopes does not appear to reflect a lower propagule immigration rate to islands with gull colonies, because gulls are important in the dispersal of alien plant species to these islands. Larger islands with gull colonies tended to have richer floras than islands of similar size without gull colonies. It is suggested that on these larger islands the presence of gull colonies produces a gradient of soil nutrient and disturbance regimes, thus increasing habitat heterogeneity and species richness.

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Shioi, Yukitake, and Tadashi Arakawa. "Man-Made Islands, Trans-Tokyo Bay Highway, Japan." Structural Engineering International 3, no. 3 (August 1993): 155–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/101686693780607813.

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Ashida, Akemi. "Actual enrollment situation in Bay Islands of Honduras." Journal of Global Tourism Research 2, no. 2 (2017): 87–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.37020/jgtr.2.2_87.

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Schroeter, Burkhard, T. G. Allan Green, Stefan Pannewitz, Mark Schlensog, and Leopoldo G. Sancho. "Fourteen degrees of latitude and a continent apart: comparison of lichen activity over two years at continental and maritime Antarctic sites." Antarctic Science 22, no. 6 (September 17, 2010): 681–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954102010000647.

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AbstractThere are marked declines in precipitation, mean temperatures and the number of lichen species with increasing latitude in Antarctica. However, it is not known which factors are the predominant controllers of biodiversity changes. Results are presented from over two years of almost continuous monitoring of both microclimate and activity in lichens at Livingston Island, South Shetland Islands, 62°S, and Botany Bay, Ross Sea region, 77°S. Lichen activity was evident over a much longer period at Livingston Island, (3694 versus 897 hours) and could occur in any month whereas it was almost completely confined to the period November–February at Botany Bay. Mean air temperatures were much lower at Botany Bay (-18° compared to -1.5°C at Livingston Island), but the temperatures at which the lichens were active were almost identical at around 2°C at both sites. When the lichens were active incident light at Botany Bay was very much higher. The differences are related to the availability of meltwater which only occurs at times of high light and warm temperatures at Botany Bay. Temperature as a direct effect does not seem to explain the differences in biodiversity between the sites, but an indirect effect through active hours is much more probable. In addition there are negative effects of stresses such as high light and extreme winter cold at Botany Bay.

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45

Baillie, Shauna M., and Ian L. Jones. "Atlantic Puffin (Fratercula arctica) chick diet and reproductive performance at colonies with high and low capelin (Mallotus villosus) abundance." Canadian Journal of Zoology 81, no. 9 (September 1, 2003): 1598–607. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z03-145.

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We compared nestling diet and growth, breeding phenology, breeding success, and adult mass of Atlantic Puffins (Fratercula arctica) between two seabird colonies adjacent to ocean habitat with presumed high and low capelin (Mallotus villosus) abundance in 19961998. We hypothesized that puffins at their colony at Gannet Islands, Labrador, where capelin were scarce, would exhibit lower reproductive performance than at Gull Island, Witless Bay, where capelin were abundant. Historically, capelin comprised approximately 60%95% of the chick diet biomass at both colonies. In the late 1990s, puffin chicks at the Gannet Islands received 3%24% capelin (by mass), which was 39%97% less than was received at Gull Island. Postlarval sandlance (Ammodytes sp.) comprised up to 49% (by mass) of the chick diet at the Gannet Islands. Hatching success and fledge success estimates at the Gannet Islands in 19971998 were statistically similar to those at Gull Island in 1998. Fledge mass (expressed as percentage of adult mass) was similar between Gannet Islands (69%) and Gull Island (68%). The high interyear variability in chick diet at both colonies and the low variation in breeding performance during our study suggest that Atlantic Puffins in Labrador are resilient to large-scale prey-base changes.

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Short, J., and B. Turner. "The distribution and abundance of the burrowing bettong (Marsupialia : Macropoidea)." Wildlife Research 20, no. 4 (1993): 525. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr9930525.

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The burrowing buttong (Bettongia lesueur) has been extinct on mainland Australia since the early 1960s, but was believed to persist on four islands off the coast of Western Australia-Bernier, Dorre, Barrow and Boodie. We surveyed these islands in 1988-89 to ascertain the status of bettongs and other endangered mammals. Bettongs were widespread and comparatively abundant on three islands but absent from the fourth. Bettongs occurred at estimated densities of c. 14-17km-2 on Bernier, Dorre and Barrow Islands, suggesting approximate minimum populations of 650, 1000 and 3400 respectively and a total minimum population for the species of c. 5000 individuals. It would appear that a poisoning campaign in 1985 to eliminate Rattus rattus from Boodie Island also eliminated the bettong. The burrowing bettong has apparently been absent from a fifth island and its type locality, Dirk Hartog Island in Shark Bay, since early this century. The vulnerability of this species is highlighted by its extinction on mainland Australia and by the loss of two of its five island populations. It now occupies less than 0.01% of its historical range. Its status as rare and endangered is justified.

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MacMillan, Ken. "The Bermuda Company, the Privy Council, and the Wreck of the San Antonio, 1621–23." Itinerario 34, no. 2 (July 30, 2010): 45–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0165115310000343.

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In September 1621, Governor Nathaniel Butler of Bermuda was woken in the middle of the night to hear a report that one hundred Spaniards had landed on the west part of the islands. Bermuda had long been at risk of attack because of its close proximity to the homebound route of the Spanish treasure fleet, so Butler understandably went on the defensive. He ordered the manning of several forts and repaired to the landing area with twenty armed men, expecting to pick up additional strength along the way. Rather than find an invading enemy, Butler and his men found a group of Portuguese and Spanish men, women, and children, whose ship—the 300-tonne, Portuguese-owned San Antonio—had been separated from the treasure fleet by a bad storm and wrecked upon the rocks ten miles west of the islands. Saving what goods they could carry, most of the castaways made their way to Mangrove Bay at the north part of Somerset Island in a small cockboat.

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Bennison, Clifford, J. Anthony Friend, Timothy Button, Harriet Mills, Cathy Lambert, and Roberta Bencini. "Potential impacts of poison baiting for introduced house mice on native animals on islands in Jurien Bay, Western Australia." Wildlife Research 43, no. 1 (2016): 61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr15126.

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Context House mice (Mus domesticus) are present on Boullanger and Whitlock islands, Western Australia, and could potentially threaten populations of the dibbler (Parantechinus apicalis) and grey-bellied dunnart (Sminthopsis griseoventer) through competition for resources. A workshop in 2007 recommended a study to assess the feasibility of eradicating house mice from the islands by using poison baits and of the risk posed to non-target native species. Aim We aimed to assess the risk to non-target native species if poison baiting was used to eradicate house mice on Boullanger and Whitlock islands. Methods Non-toxic baits containing the bait marker rhodamine B were distributed on Boullanger Island and on the mouse free Escape Island to determine the potential for primary poisoning. Acceptance of baits by mammals was measured through sampling and analysis of whiskers, and by reptiles through observations of dye in faeces. To determine the potential for secondary exposure to poison, the response of dibblers to mouse carcasses was observed using motion-activated cameras. Bait acceptance was compared using two methods of delivery, namely, scattering in the open and delivery in polyvinyl chloride (PVC) tubes. A cafeteria experiment of bait consumption by dibblers was also undertaken using captive animals held at the Perth Zoo. Ten dibblers were offered non-toxic baits containing rhodamine B in addition to their normal meals; consumption of bait and the presence of dye in whiskers were measured. Key results Bait acceptance on the islands was high for house mice (92% of individuals) and dibblers (48%) and it was independent of bait-delivery technique. There was no evidence of bait acceptance by grey-bellied dunnarts. Dibblers may consume mice carcasses if available; however, no direct consumption of mice carcasses was observed with movement sensor cameras but one dibbler was observed removing a mouse carcass and taking it away. During the cafeteria experiment, 9 of 10 captive dibblers consumed baits. Conclusions This investigation demonstrated that dibblers consume baits readily and island populations would experience high mortality if exposed to poison baits. Poison baiting could effectively eradicate mice from Boullanger and Whitlock islands but not without mortality for dibblers. Implications Toxic baits could be used to eradicate mice from Boullanger and Whitlock islands, provided that non-target species such as dibblers were temporarily removed from the islands before the application of baits.

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Brown, R. G. B., and D. E. Gaskin. "Summer zooplankton distributions at the surface of the outer Bay of Fundy, eastern Canada." Canadian Journal of Zoology 67, no. 11 (November 1, 1989): 2725–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z89-386.

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Copepods and cladocerans were collected, mainly in August, from the top 0.25 m of the water column in the outer Bay of Fundy, off Brier Island, Nova Scotia (ca. 44°15′N, 66°23′W) in 1975–1978, Deer Island, New Brunswick (ca. 45°00′N, 67°00′W) in 1977–1978, and Grand Manan Island, New Brunswick (ca. 44°40′N, 66°43′W) in 1981. In 1975–1977, the dominant species at the surface off Brier Island were stage CIV-I Calanus finmarchicus and CVI-V Pseudocalanus sp. The copepods Acartia spp., Anomalocera pattersonii, Centropages sp., Eurytemora spp., and Oithonia similis and the cladocerans Evadne sp. and Podon sp. also occurred regularly. The relative abundance of Calanus finmarchicus declined during the period July–October 1976, though the proportion of stages CVI-V increased. The relative proportions of Pseudocalanus sp., and of its stages CVI-V, both declined during the same period. The community at the surface was similar to that collected in other studies from subsurface tows in the Bay of Fundy as a whole, including Brier, Deer, and Grand Manan islands. This was not true of Brier Island in 1978: CVI-V Calanus finmarchicus predominated, and other species were scarce. Our samples from Deer and Grand Manan islands resembled those from Brier Island in 1978, though CVI-V Calanus finmarchicus predominated even more strongly. We discuss the differences between our samples from Brier Island in 1978 and 1975–1977, and between the latter and our New Brunswick data. However, there is no obvious explanation for most of these anomalies.

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Merkuljev, A. V. "Propebela bogdanovi sp. nov. (Gastropoda, Conoidea, Mangeliidae) - a new species from Chukchi Sea and East Kamchatka." Ruthenica, Russian Malacological Journal 31, no. 1 (January 2, 2021): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.35885/ruthenica.2021.31(1).1.

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In 1990 I.P. Bogdanov provided the new localities for Propebela fidicula - off the Wrangel Island in the Chukchi Sea and off the eastern coast of Kamchatka [Bogdanov, 1990]. These locations were far beyond the known range of this species - from Puget Sound Bay to the Aleutian Islands [Oldroyd, 1927]. Verification of material from the ZIN collection showed that the real Propebela fidicula in Russian waters is found only near the Commander Islands. The shells that Bogdanov identified as Propebela fidicula, belong to a new species. It differs from Propebela fidicula both in sculpture and radular morphology.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Bay of Islands'

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