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Leiva, Cardona Sergio Ramon. "THE ACTUAL REALIZATION OF /V/ AND /W/ IN BAY ISLANDS ENGLISH." OpenSIUC, 2013. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/theses/1278.
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This study examined the phonological realization of /v/ and /w/ among ten speakers of Bay Islands English, a variety of English spoken in a series of islands off the north coast of Honduras. Whether these sounds, distinct in Standard English, have undergone a merger or some form of interchange in this dialect and whether this merger or interchange originated from a similar phenomenon in eighteenth and nineteenth century London has caused disagreement among linguists. The data was collected in Suc-Suc Cay and Pigeon Cay and consisted of the recording of 72 words containing the target phonemes as well as a paragraph used to test the phonemes in connected speech. The data suggested that the phonemes were interchanged and also contained the appearance of the bilabial fricative [β]. When these three sounds could occur was found to be conditioned in certain environments.
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Sandercombe, Simone. "The marine record of abrupt climate change at Bay of Islands, Newfoundland." Thesis, McGill University, 2012. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=106339.
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This study assesses vegetational response to abrupt climatic changes that occurred between ca. 12,000 and 8,000 yr BP using a palynological record from Bay of Islands (west coast of Newfoundland). Western Newfoundland is located near the boundary of two major ecozones: the boreal forest and the tundra. This transition zone is very sensitive to climate change. Core MD99-2225 was extracted from Humber Arm at a depth of 104m, roughly 12km from the Humber River. Samples were analysed every 10cm between 10 and 25 m down-core. Pollen analysis was used to track the evolution of vegetation, and the proportions of both tundra and more thermophilous hardwood taxa were used to determine changes in ecotone. The pollen record was also used to reconstruct air temperatures. The dinoflagellate cyst record was used to reconstruct sea surface parameters, such as temperature, salinity and sea ice. Results reflect large shifts in the composition of the vegetation and of dinoflagellate cysts assemblages in response to three cold climatic events. At the onset of the Younger Dryas, air temperatures dropped by 5°C from -15°C in February and 16 °C in August, August SST dropped by 10°C from roughly 15°C, and the duration of the sea ice cover increased to 10 months yr-1. Conditions remained harsh between ca. 10,800-10,300 yr BP, Vegetation was dominated by shrubs and grasses and dinoflagellate cyst assemblages are characterized by low species diversity and dominance by arctic species, such as Brigantedinium spp. Sea surface and air temperatures improved following after the Younger Dryas. At ca. 9,000 yr BP, sea surface conditions and air temperatures decreased in the bay as a response to the Preboreal Oscillation. Shrubs and grasses re-invaded the region and dinoflagellate cyst assemblages showed a decrease in diversity and dominance by arctic species such as Brigantedinium spp. The last event to be detected in this record, the 8.2 ka cold period, had a smaller impact in the region. Sea surface temperatures as well as air temperature decreased, but for a short time. The proportion of shrub pollen increased slightly and cold water species (Brigantedinium spp., I. minutum and P. dalei) dominated the dinoflagellate cyst assemblages.Cette étude évalue la réponse de la végétation aux changements climatiques abrupts survenus entre 12,000 and 8000 ans BP, en utilisant un enregistrement palynologique de Bay of Islands sur la côte ouest de Terre Neuve. Cette région est à la frontière entre deux écozones majeures: la forêt boréale et la toundra. Cette zone de transition est très sensible aux changements climatiques. La carotte MD99-2225 a été prélevée à une profondeur de 104 m à environ 12 km de la rivière Humber. Des échantillons ont été analysés à intervalles de 10cm entre 10 et 25 m de profondeur dans la carotte. L'analyse pollinique a permis de retracer l'évolution de la végétation, et les proportions de taxons caractéristiques de la toundra et celles des arbres plus thermophiles ont servis à déterminer les changements d'écotones. Les données polliniques ont aussi permis de reconstituer les températures. L'enregistrement des kystes de dinoflagellés a permis de reconstituer les paramètres des eaux de surface, tels que la température, la salinité et la durée du couvert de glace saisonnier. Les résultats montrent d'importants changements dans la composition de la végétation et dans les assemblages de kystes de dinoflagellés, en réponse à trois épisodes de refroidissement climatiques. Au début du Dryas récent, les températures de l`air qui étaient de -15°C en février et de 16°C en août ont chuté de 5°C. Les températures des eaux de surface qui étaient de 15°C ont également chuté de 10°C, et la durée saisonnière du couvert de glace marin a augmenté pour atteindre 10 mois/an. Les conditions sont demeurées très froides entre environ 10800-10300 yr BP. La végétation était dominée par des arbustes et des plantes herbacées. Les assemblages de kystes de dinoflagellés étaient caractérisés par une faible diversité spécifique et une dominance par les taxons arctiques. Les températures de l'air et des eaux de surface se sont améliorées après le Dryas récent. Autour de 9000 yr BP, une autre détérioration climatique a été enregistrée en réponse à l'oscillation PréBoréale. Les arbustes et les plantes herbacées ont de nouveau envahi la région et les assemblages de kystes de dinoflagellés ont connu une baisse de diversité et une augmentation de la proportion de taxons arctiques. Le dernier événement climatique détecté dans cet enregistrement, le refroidissement de 8.2 ka, a eu un impact moindre. Les températures de l'air et des eaux de surfaces ont connues une baisse, mais pour un lapse de temps très court. La proportion de pollen d'arbustes a augmenté légèrement, de même que celles des espèces indicatrices de conditions d'eaux de surface froides (Brigantedinium spp., I. minutum and P. dalei).
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Handley, Jonathan Murray. "Diet and foraging distribution of gentoo penguins pygoscelis papua at Cow Bay, Falkland Islands." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1020377.
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Knowledge of diet and distribution in marine top predators is critical in interpreting their ecological role. Furthermore, this information is required for effective management and conservation of these species. For gentoo penguins at the Falkland Islands a previous overlap in dietary items with commercial fisheries was recognised. Despite this the at-sea distribution has been poorly studied and only at a few localities. Therefore, this thesis looks to broaden the knowledge of foraging ecology for gentoo penguins at another site in the archipelago, Cow Bay. The aim was firstly, through stomach content analysis, to determine if diet changed over a large temporal scale (2002/03/04 – 2011/12/13), and between the chick guard and crèche periods of chick rearing. Secondly, through GPS loggers, to assess distribution at sea during the incubation and chick guard periods (2012/13). Additionally, foraging ecology between genders was investigated. Gentoo penguins at Cow Bay foraged primarily on fish (66-99 percent) throughout the entire study period. The principle prey item by mass was Patagonotothen spp., considered previously as discard by fisheries but now an important commercial resource, for all periods (47-78 percent) except that of the 2012/13 crèche period (19 percent). During this period Sprattus fugensis made up the bulk of the diet (52 percent). Cephalopods, particularly Loligo gahi (1-24 percent), were also prominent in the diet and crustaceans contributed negligibly. The diet indicated that gentoo penguins are capable of both a benthic and pelagic feeding strategy which likely reflects changes in local prey abundance. Birds typically conducted foraging activities during daylight hours with greater trip duration, path length, maximum distance and area utilised during the incubation period than the guard. All trips were confined to the continental shelf and within the boundaries of a marine management zone, the Falkland Islands Interim Conservation Zone (FICZ). Males and females fed on the same size and composition of prey items. Trip duration, path length and maximum distance from the colony were not significantly different, although males foraged in a slightly larger area than females marginally to the north. As at-sea distribution was confined within the FICZ this management area provides protection to food resources of gentoo penguins breeding at Cow Bay. At this site, the population is increasing, likely associated with increased prey availability as evidenced by record catches of Patagonotothen spp. in recent years at the Falkland Islands. Continued long term monitoring of gentoo penguin diet and fishery yields to allow detection of possible competition in the future is recommended. As marine sentinels, on-going monitoring of gentoo penguin populations at the Falkland Islands is likely to provide early warning signs of reduced prey availability.
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Lovenburg, Vanessa. "Omnifarious octocoral observations : ecology and genetics of octocoral communities from Útila, Bay Islands, Honduras." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2016. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:ba3d9aae-77ce-42a6-9de2-7235a57637f6.
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The Oxford English Dictionary defines 'omnifarious' as 'comprising or relating to all sorts or varieties', which quite accurately captures the very nature of octocorals and this thesis. The research reported here, aims to describe undocumented communities of coral reef organisms - the octocorals - which are an emergent dominant component within their threatened ecosystem of the Caribbean. Within the last four decades, coral reefs worldwide have experienced a precipitous plunge in many ecosystem services they provide, and most notably in the Caribbean. The foundation to reef resilience is structured on the ecosystem's ability to repair and restructure itself in the face of environmental shifts. These intricately complex strategies of resilience depend on repair mechanisms provided by a source of biodiversity, much of which remains poorly understood. This work explores many facets of the functioning within this potential future coral reef ecosystem. These reports are one of the most significant contributions to documenting and describing octocoral biodiversity (e.g. species, genetic, and community diversity) of the wider ecoregion of the Mesoamerican Barrier Reef System within the last three decades.
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Boger, Rebecca A. "The sedimentology, morphology and evolution of Two Gravel Barachois, Placentia Bay, Newfoundland /." Internet access available to MUN users only, 1997. http://collections.mun.ca/u?/theses,43687.
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Baker, Timothy C. "Haven in the Bay : problems of community in the novels of George Mackay Brown." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/2229.
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The novels of George Mackay Brown have often been read as upholding a traditional ideal of community as that which is singular and complete, a community which exists outside time and history. As this thesis will show, however, Brown emphasises themes of community, history and myth in his work not in order to validate them without reservation, but to question what use these ideas may have in contemporary life. By reading his novels in conjunction with the work of continental theorists ranging from Martin Heidegger to Jean-Luc Nancy, it becomes apparent that Brown critically explores a post-Kantian modernity in which metaphysical or faith-based foundations are no longer possible. Brown's greatest theme throughout his work is not only how community is built and maintained, but also how it is destroyed, and what life remains after that destruction. Brown continually problematises the idea of community in order to show both its relevance and impossibility in modern society. In separately regarding each of Brown's novels in length, this thesis will highlight the various approaches Brown takes to community: the potentially romantic view of community in Beside the Ocean of time; the centrality of sacrifice for the establishing of community in Magnus; and the interections between community and history in Time in a Red Coat, and Vinland. The thesis then turns directly to the question of the relation between individuals and community in Greenvoe, and ends with a discussion of the way in which Brown portrays his own relation to community in his nonfiction and autobiographical writings. Throughout the thesis, the prevailing notion of Brown as a parochial or naive writer will be continually questioned. In addition, by integrating a wide variety of continental theorists into a discussion of Brown's work, this thesis will explore new opportunities for the general study of contemporary Scottish fiction. By revealing Brown to be a more nuanced thinker of the relation between modernity and community than previous critics have allowed, this thesis will both offer a new perspective on Brown's novels and open new paths for the discussion of the role of community in modern literature.
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Tuato'o, Danny, and n/a. ""Te Tahi o Pipiri" : Literacy and missionary pedagogy as mechanisms in change. The reactions of three rangatira from the Bay of Islands: 1814-1834." University of Otago. Te Tumu - School of Maori, Pacific and Indigenous Studies, 1999. http://adt.otago.ac.nz./public/adt-NZDU20070523.144700.
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This thesis is concerned with the ways Imperialism (and consequently colonialism) has pervaded the indigenous �primitive� world. Protectorates and �the colonies� reflected imperialist ideals, expansion, territory, external revenue and power. Missionaries were the footmen of colonial policy. The relations forged between these evangelists and the indigene have been thoroughly studied and scrutinised. However, reported interaction has been about missionaries and the �native�, with less about that between the indigenes, individual and tribe, elder and young. The thesis intends to redress this imbalance in the Bay of Islands from 1814 to 1834.
The following work is an examination of a process of social change in Aotearoa. In the early 19th century the physical, spiritual and intellectual contact made between Maori peoples and the European explorers, scientists, and missionaries involved a deliberate cultural entanglement. It is the processes of acculturation, assimilation, or simply misunderstanding that are of interest. The study will have several foci involving the reaction of peoples of the Bay of Islands to the missionary institution of religious education. Chapter One addresses the theoretical location of the peoples that interacted in the Bay, while the second chapter is a brief description of a Maori coastal society prior to the arrival of literate missionaries. Chapter Three is about the cultural and social engagements of Ruatara, Marsden, Kendall and Hongi. The final chapter is a biographical exploration in the life of Rawiri Tawhanga and his interactions with missionaries and Maori of the Bay. Fundamentally it is the indigenous interaction during the initial periods of external European contact and, therefore, the effects of internal societal change that the author wishes to examine.
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Stewart, Annabelle Greer. "Dibblers on the Jurien islands : the influence of burrowing seabirds and the potential for competition from other species." University of Western Australia. School of Animal Biology, 2007. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2007.0066.
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[Truncated abstract] The dibbler, Parantechinus apicalis, is an endangered marsupial that exists on Boullanger, Whitlock and Escape islands off Jurien Bay in Western Australia. The introduced house mouse, Mus domesticus, exists on Boullanger and Whitlock islands, and the King’s skink, Egernia kingii, inhabits Boullanger and Escape islands. The grey-bellied dunnart, Sminthopsis griseoventer, exists on Boullanger Island. Over the last 150 years, the wedge-tailed shearwater, Puffinus pacificus, has colonised the islands to varying degrees. The interaction between dibblers and other island species is not clear. The purpose of this study was to determine the main factors regulating the dynamics of mammals, and in particular dibblers, on the Jurien islands. This was achieved by examining the effect of seabirds, the competitive interactions between species living on the islands, and seasonal changes in the environment. Animals were trapped for a period of 30 months, and their population structure, body condition, longevity, habitat preferences, diet and ecophysiology were examined. The results presented support the theory that by increasing soil nutrient concentrations, burrowing seabirds increase the primary productivity of islands, which has flow on effects to other trophic levels. Densities of seabirds and soil nutrient concentrations were highest on Whitlock Island, intermediate on Escape Island, and lowest on Boullanger Island . . .Thirty-five percent of dibblers on Escape Island were missing their tail or a limb, probably as a result of aggression from King’s skinks. Competition from high numbers of house mice on Boullanger Island, and from high numbers of King’s skinks on Escape Island, may increase the occurrence of male die-off on these islands. The better body condition and greater longevity of dibblers on Whitlock Island, despite high numbers of house mice, suggests that abundant resources are available to sustain both species. This study demonstrates that high densities of seabirds positively affect the population dynamics of mammals on the Jurien islands. Burrowing seabirds appear to influence the dynamics of dibblers more so than competition from house mice or King’s skinks. The findings from this study will assist the Dibbler Recovery Team with future management decisions regarding the viability of dibblers on the Jurien islands, and with decisions regarding the necessity to control house mouse numbers in the presence of native species.
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Ben, Jamaa Néjib. "Les Péridotites de Bay-of-Islands, Terre Neuve, et de Cap Ortegal, Espagne approche pétro-structurale /." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37611691m.
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Ben, Jamaa Néjib. "Les peridotites de bay-of-islands (terre neuve) et de cap ortegal (espagne) : approche petro-structurale." Paris 7, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA077010.
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Une nouvelle approche petrologique pour definir l'evolution des roches ultramafiques des massifs ophiolitiques est etablie, par l'etude petrochimique d'une serie harzburgitique de cherzolitique situe a terre neuve et par l'etude structurale et petrologique des peridotites et websterites du complexe du cap ortegal (espagne). Ce travail sert de support pour definir la methodologie permettant de suivre l'evolution des parametres chimiques lors d'une fusion partielle
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Buchanan, Christopher R. "Structural architecture and evolution of the Humber Arm Allochthon, Frenchman's Cove - York Harbour, Bay of Islands, Newfoundland /." Internet access available to MUN users only, 2004. http://collections.mun.ca/u?/theses,110605.
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Dwyer, Paul Raymond. "The design, construction and use of the Bay of Islands dory, a study in tradition and culture." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape4/PQDD_0016/MQ54882.pdf.
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Dwyer, Paul. "The design, construction and use of the Bay of Islands dory : a study in tradition and culture /." Internet access available to MUN users only, 2000. http://collections.mun.ca/u?/theses,145201.
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ZIV, KFIR ISRAEL. "RESEARCH ON RESIDENTIAL PREFERENCES AND THE VIEW FROM THE DWELLING UNITS ON MAN-MADE ISLANDS IN OSAKA BAY." 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/150276.
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Kodisang, J. M. "The reintegration of Walvis Bay and its Penguin/Off-shore Island into Namibia." Thesis, Rhodes University, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1003000.
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The thesis focuses upon the final reintegration of Walvis Bay and its twelve Penguin/Off-Shore Islands into Namibia. As Namibia's only deep water port, it escaped reintegration in 1989 when the United Nations Security Council Resolution (UNSCR) 435 (1978) was implemented. Hence the study argues that the exclusion of Walvis Bay from the Settlement Plan falls outside the parameters of various UNSC and UN General Assembly Resolutions, viz 385 and 432 of 1976 respectively. Such an arrangement has to be looked at as Pretoria's non-compliance with the above resolutions. South Africa got away with such an arrangement with the blessing of the Western Contact Group of Nations, i.e the United States; Britain; (former West) Germany; France and Canada. The argument advances further to capture the sudden emergence of Walvis Bay as a dispute between the National Party regime and the African National Congress (ANC) in particular. The dispute came about when the National Party submitted a controversial constitutional proposal during South Africa's transition to democracy at Kempton Park. They were proposing Walvis Bay to constitute part of the new Western Cape province in the postapartheid South Africa. Namibia's diplomacy paid off when the return of Walvis Bay was agreed upon as it became entangled in the constitutional talks for South Africa's transition to democracy at Kempton Park in 1993-1994.
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Morris, Tamaryn. "Physical oceonography of Sodwana Bay and its effect on larval transport and coral bleaching." Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/2038.
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Thesis (MTech (Oceanography))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2009A collaborative study between Marine and Coastal Management (MCM) and the Oceanographic Research Institute (ORI) was initiated in March 2001 to investigate the physical oceanography of Sodwana Bay, South Africa, and the affects on coral communities resident to the area. A bottom-mounted Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler (ADCP) and three Underwater Temperature Recorders (UTR) were deployed to complement the long-term monitoring UTR deployed on Nine-Mile Reef (NMR) in 1994. The study was terminated after 30 months, whereby all instruments were removed except for the long-term monitoring UTR.
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Tezanos, Pinto Gabriela. "Population structure, abundance and reproductive parameters of bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) in the Bay of Islands (Northland, New Zealand)." Thesis, University of Auckland, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2292/5799.
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Bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) occupy a wide range of coastal and pelagic habitats throughout tropical and temperate waters worldwide. Around New Zealand, bottlenose dolphins inhabit three discontinuous regions in the north-eastern coast of the North Island, Marlborough Sound and Fiordland in the South Island. All these populations are subject to anthropogenic activities including dolphin-based tourism industry. Along the north-eastern coast of the North Island, the Bay of Islands presents a unique opportunity to study this population because of regular occurrence year-round and a history of long-term studies conducted in the region. This study examines the population structure and genetic diversity of the three New Zealand bottlenose dolphin populations to define their boundaries. Second, it focuses on the Bay of Islands subpopulation to investigate the dynamics of dolphin groups, pattern of habitat use, abundance and trends over time. Finally, it estimates reproductive parameters of female bottlenose dolphins to predict the long-term viability of the Bay of Islands subpopulation.
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Giguère, Emmanuelle. "Circulation hydrothermale et métamorphisme dans la séquence crustale du massif de North Arm Mountain, Bay of Islands, Terre-Neuve." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ38094.pdf.
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Mihok, Lorena Diane. "Unearthing Augusta: Landscapes of Royalization on Roatan Island, Honduras." Scholar Commons, 2013. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/4920.
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In 1742, the settlement of Augusta was established as an outpost of English royalization on Roatán Island, Honduras. This military camp housed a mix of English soldiers, English colonists, and local indigenous Miskitu peoples. While the settlement was occupied for only a brief span of seven years, the material record of the community provides insight into Miskitu-English interactions during the royalization process. Royalization encompassed strategies deployed by the English Crown to bring about loyalty to the state. In this dissertation, I discuss the concept of royalization from an agent-centered perspective to consider the intentions behind the occupants' usage of objects and spaces in everyday practice. This interdisciplinary research integrates documentary evidence with the results of four field seasons of archaeological investigations, which have unearthed mixed deposits of English and Miskitu material culture. I contend that such deposits indicate that Augusta's occupants were participants in the royalization process, but that these strategies were not fluid or enforced. The royalization of Augusta was complicated by a number of factors including the settlement's distance from the Crown, its local environment, and the diversity of its occupants. By considering the historical and archaeological evidence, I contend that elements of English lifestyles were integrated into Miskitu identity, and that this integration reveals some of the ways in which the process of royalization was adapted to the unique social and natural landscape of the western Caribbean.
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Heredia, Barión Pablo Alfredo [Verfasser], Gerhard [Akademischer Betreuer] Kuhn, Cornelia [Gutachter] Spiegel, and Martin [Gutachter] Melles. "Paleoenvironmental evolution of on-shore ice-free areas around Maxwell Bay, King George Island, South Shetlands Islands / Pablo Alfredo Heredia Barión ; Gutachter: Cornelia Spiegel, Martin Melles ; Betreuer: Gerhard Kuhn." Bremen : Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Bremen, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1191363341/34.
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Thorette, Jacques. "Contribution à l'étude de l'hydrothermalisme ocanique exemple du district minéralisé de York-Harbour, ophiolite de Blow-Me-Down, Bay-of-Islands, Terre-Neuve /." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1986. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37601566x.
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Davis, Brittany Y. "Angling for Inclusion: Marine Conservation, Livelihoods, Local Knowledge, and Tourism on Utila, Honduras." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/333221.
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Over the past two decades, developing countries have recognized the economic value of attractive marine resources and the need to actively protect these resources. Many of these conservation projects rely on limiting extractive activities to protect habitats, which restricts local livelihoods, and promoting marine resource-based tourism to provide financing for conservation. Using a political ecology framework, this dissertation investigates two connected aspects of tourism and conservation: tourists' seafood consumption and the Go Blue Central America, a geotourism project initiated by National Geographic. It also explains the value of considering the local environmental knowledge of a diverse group of resource users, with a specific focus on professional scuba divers. Given the importance of scuba diving as an activity and tourism attractor on Utila, professional scuba divers on the island are well-positioned to serve as a source of environmental knowledge data on Utila's dive sites, including on their condition, species sightings, and changes over time. This knowledge is not without its problems as it may lead to conceptions of local participation that fail to include those actually from the community of concern. Thus, this dissertation calls attention to the possibilities of using divers' environmental knowledge in conservation and environmental management while also remaining attuned to the potential complications that may arise from doing so. Ultimately, this dissertation calls for the development of additional tourism alternatives and more comprehensive tourism planning and management which includes the potential for damage done by nonextractive resource users. For Utila, this will entail altering existing business practices to increase local ownership, shifting away from backpacker and budget oriented tourism toward a more expensive product, and involving more of the local community in the decision-making processes which affect tourism and the environment.
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Thorette, Jacques. "Contribution à l'étude de l'hydrothermalisme océanique : exemple du district minéralisé de York-Harbour (massif ophiolitique de Blow-Me-Down, Bay-of-Islands, Terre-Neuve)." Brest, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986BRES2002.
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Les mineralisations a cu-fe-zn de york-harbour sont encaissees dans l'unite volcanique situee au sommet de l'ophiolite cambrienne de blow-me-down. Celle-ci s'est formee a l'axe d'une dorsale oceanique a proximite d'une faille transformante. L'organisation en synclinal du secteur mineralise resulte du rejet des failles synvolcaniques en direction nord 135 et nord 45
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Buzzelli, Christopher P. "Integrative analysis of ecosystem processes in the littoral zone of lower Chesapeake Bay: A modeling study of the Goodwin Islands National Estuarine Research Reserve." W&M ScholarWorks, 1996. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539616592.
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Approximately 40% of the bottom of Chesapeake Bay is less than 2.0 m in depth and many of these broad shoal environments are bordered by wetlands. The vegetated and nonvegetated subtidal and intertidal environment is a dynamic mosaic of highly productive estuarine habitats linked by the exchange of waterborne materials. This study developed simulation models of primary production and material exchange for four littoral zone habitats of the Goodwin Islands National Estuarine Research Reserve (NERR) in lower Chesapeake Bay. Field studies were conducted to determine the sediment biogeochemical and biomass characteristics of sandy shoal, seagrass, silt-mud, and marsh habitats. Ecological models were developed for each habitat based upon their position and ecological characteristics. The models simulate the dynamics of phytoplankton, particulate and dissolved organic carbon, dissolved inorganic nitrogen, sediment microalgae, Zostera marina, and Spartina alterniflora. Following sensitivity analysis and validation the models were used to estimate annual primary production, nitrogen processes, and material exchange. The net annual rate of phytoplankton production was 66.0, sediment microalgae ranged 101-169, Zostera marina community production was approximately 350 gC m&\sp{lcub}-2{rcub}& yr&\sp{lcub}-1{rcub}&, and Spartina alterniflora shoots and root-rhizomes produced 1150 gC m&\sp{lcub}-2{rcub}& yr&\sp{lcub}-1{rcub}& (gC m&\sp{lcub}-2{rcub}& yr&\sp{lcub}-1{rcub}&). Nitrogen uptake was in excess of demand in phytoplankton while the reverse was true for the macrophytes. The marsh habitat accounted for 43% of the total annual primary production for the ecosystem despite being the smallest habitat while the largest habitat (nonvegetated subtidal) required 52% of the total ecosystem nitrogen demand. All four habitats imported phytoplankton, particulate organic carbon, and dissolved inorganic nitrogen annually. While the intertidal habitats imported dissolved organic carbon the subtidal habitats showed net annual export. These models were developed to assess ecosystem structure, function, and change in the littoral zone of Chesapeake Bay. Ecosystem structure was assessed through field research and model development. Ecosystem function was assessed by using the model to generate annual producer, habitat, and ecosystem carbon and nitrogen budgets. The model is currently being used to investigate the interactive effects of water quality, primary production, and habitat composition in order to assess potential change in the estuary.
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Bythell, J. C. "A nitrogen budget for the Caribbean elkhorn coral Acropora palmata (lamarck) from the back-reef environment of Tague Bay reef, St. Croix, U.S. Virgin Islands." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.383984.
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Varfalvy, Veronika. "Interactions magma-manteau dans les péridotites du massif de North Arm Mountain, complexe ophiolitique de Bay of Islands, Terre-Neuve, Canada, implications sur la genèse des magmas en contexte de subduction." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape4/PQDD_0019/NQ56452.pdf.
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Rodrigues, André Rosch. "Estudo das associações de foraminíferos bentônicos recentes na Baía do Almirantado (Ilha Rei George, Antártica) durante três verões austrais consecutivos." Universidade de São Paulo, 2008. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/21/21131/tde-04082011-142523/.
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A região antártica é foco de constante observação por ser uma região de importante monitoramento climático global. Ao sedimento de fundo marinho está associada uma biota que responde aos processos de alterações ambientais e dentre seus representantes os foraminíferos são considerados bons indicadores marinhos. O objetivo do presente estudo é avaliar a fauna de foraminíferos recentes na Baía do Almirantado durante três verões austral consecutivos (2002/2003, 2003/2004 e 2004/2005) e, através da determinação de algumas variáveis ambientais, compreender melhor a ecologia e a distribuição desses organismos na região. Foram coletadas 56 amostras de sedimento de fundo marinho ao longo da Baía do Almirantado para análise e identificação da fauna de foraminíferos e de variáveis abióticas amostradas na água de fundo e no sedimento. Foram encontradas 66 espécies de foraminíferos bentônicos, sendo 36 espécies aglutinantes e 30 espécies calcárias. As espécies mais freqüentes foram as calcárias Bolivina pseudopunctata, Cassidulinoides parkerianus e Globocassidulina biora, e as aglutinantes Portatrochammina antarctica, Pseudobolivina antarctica e Spiroplectammina biformis. As espécies Portatrochammina antarctica e Pseudobolivina antarctica foram as mais abundantes na porção central e em algumas estações das três enseadas da baía. As regiões mais internas das enseadas apresentaram predominância de espécies hialinas principalmente do gênero Globocassidulina e Cassidulinoides. A predominância de espécies hialinas também foi observada nas estações próximas a desembocadura da Baía do Almirantado com as espécies Bolivina pseudopunctata e Fursenkoina fusiformis.The Antarctic region is focus of constant scientific surveys because of its importance as global climate changing area. The marine bottom sediment has an associated biota that indicates some environmental changes and among them Foraminifera could be considered as one of the best marine biomarkers. The aim of the present study is describe the recent benthic foraminifera fauna from Admiralty Bay collected during three consecutive austral summers (2002/2003, 2003/2004 and 2004/2005) and better understand its ecology and distribution patterns throughout the bay and its relations with some environmental factors. Fifty-six bottom sediment samples were collected along the Admiralty Bay for analysis and identification of the forams fauna and abiotic factors from sediment and bottom water. We found 66 species of benthic foraminifera, 36 agglutinated and 30 calcareous. The most frequent species were the calcareous Bolivina pseudopunctata, Cassidulinoides parkerianus and Globocassidulina biora, and the agglutinated Portatrochammina antarctica, Pseudobolivina antarctica and Spiroplectammina biformis. The species Portatrochammina antarctica and Pseudobolivina antarctica were the most abundant in the central portion of the bay and in some samples of the three inlets of the bay. The inner parts of the inlets there was a predominance of calcareous such as Globocassidulina spp. and Cassidulinoides spp.. The predominance of calcareous species, such as Bolivina pseudopunctata and Fursenkoina fusiformis was also observed at samples near the connection between the Admiralty Bay and the Bransfield Strait.
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Pagé, Philippe. "L'origine de la distribution des teneurs en EGP dans les facies mantelliques océaniques et ophiolitiques, exemples de la faille transformante Garrett, Pacifique Sud et du massif de North Arm Mountain, Complexe ophiolitique de Bay of Islands, Terre-Neuve, Canada." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/MQ60759.pdf.
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Pagé, Philippe. "L'origine de la distribution des teneurs en EGP dans les faciès mantelliques océaniques et ophiolitiques : exemples de la faille transformante Garrett, Pacifique sud et du massif de North Arm Mountain, complexe ophiolitique de Bay of Islands, Terre-Neuve, Canada." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/35028.
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Les éléments du groupe du platine (EGP) peuvent s’avérer très utiles pour aborder certains processus pétrogénétiques et géochimiques ayant affecté le manteau terrestre. Les péridotites mantelliques et certaines roches intrusives provenant de la section mantellique du Massif North Arm Mountain (MNAM) (Complexe Ophiolitique de Bay of Islands, Terre-Neuve) ainsi que de la Faille Transformante Garrett (FTG) ont fait l’objet d’une détermination des teneurs en Ir, Ru, Rh, Pt et Pd par spectrométrie de masse à émission de plasma. Ces données sur les teneurs en EGP ont été obtenues grâce à une méthode d’extraction et de dosage récemment mise au point....Québec Université Laval, Bibliothèque 2019
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Green, David Bruce. "Foraging ecology of Cape Gannets (Morus Capensis) at Bird Island, Algoa Bay." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1020790.
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The Cape gannet has undergone considerable population change and redistribution over the past 50 years. This has been linked to shifts in the abundance and distribution of their dominant prey, sardine and anchovy. Five breeding colonies, along the west coast of Southern Africa, have shown rapid population declines as a result of reduced prey availability. In contrast, a single colony (Bird Island, Algoa Bay) on the south coast of South Africa has, over the same period, grown fivefold and now supports approximately two thirds of the total population. Due to its conservation importance, and isolation from other breeding localities, it is important to assess the health of the Bird Island colony, and determine how foraging distribution relates to the environment to evaluate current measures of protection. This was achieved through two related studies; a long-term dietary analysis spanning 34 years, and a spatial foraging study, which related three years of tracking data to estimates of prey availability, oceanographic features and marine protected areas (MPAs). The results of the dietary study showed that the dietary constituents of Cape gannets breeding at Bird Island have remained similar over the last three decades, but the importance of sardine and anchovy has increased significantly. For sardine, in particular, this reflects an increased availability of this species (as deduced from hydroacoustic surveys) within the foraging range of the Bird Island colony. The dietary abundance of anchovy was found to be negatively correlated with that of sardine. Surprisingly,.the dietary abundance of anchovy was also negatively correlated with estimates of its availability based on acoustic surveys. The latter is likely to be due to sardine being a preferred prey item. Recent decreases in the dietary contribution of sardine (since 2005) suggest that this species is becoming less available to gannets, with profound implications in terms of nutrient gain associated with foraging. However, this has been mediated by an increase in the dietary contribution of anchovy, which now accounts for the vast majority of prey taken. Spatially, the foraging range of the Bird Island colony expanded during the three years of study, indicating an increase in effort. This increase was likely in an effort to track a distributional change of sardine and anchovy, which showed an apparent westward shift during the study period. There was, however, no evidence of birds tracking features associated with high productivity. This may have been partly due to anomalously warm conditions during the summer of 2012/2013, in which an absence of coastal upwelling prevented surface cooling. Nonetheless, low sea surface temperatures and high chlorophyll a concentrations do not seem to be reliable indicators of important Cape gannet foragingareas. Foraging effort was largely concentrated outside of MPAs, indicating that the current MPA network provides little protection for foraging gannets. This could change with the additional protection of the proposed Greater Addo Elephant National Park MPA expansion, as prey species are allowed to recover following the removal of fishing pressure. Overall, the colony appears to be in good condition as the diet is still dominated by live prey items, and the foraging range remains smaller than many of the colonies along the west coast. However, it is important that monitoring be continued, in particular with respect to changes in the availability of sardine and anchovy. Long-term shifts of these species out of the colony‘s foraging range could negatively influence the population in the future. This might be worsened by interspecific competition for prey resources. Considering the conservation importance of this population, maintenance of healthy prey stocks within the home range of breeding Cape gannets should be prioritised in order to prevent declines similar to those observed at west coast colonies.
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Rishworth, Gavin Midgley. "Time-activity budgets of cape gannets (Morus Capensis) at Bird Island, Algoa Bay." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1021046.
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For several decades now, seabirds have been considered to be useful indicators of the state of their prey resources because of how they reflect lower-level trophic variability through proxies such as diet or behaviour. However, collection of appropriate data is often challenging in the marine environment because of logistical or financial constraints. In this study, time-activity budgets were studied in the Cape gannet (Morus capensis), a seabird which has been advocated as a potential bioindicator for local epipelagic prey. VHF transmitters attached to PVC leg-rings were fitted to 50 adult breeding pairs during the 2011/2012 and 2012/2013 breeding seasons at Bird Island, Algoa Bay, to determine whether an automated method of continuously collecting time-activity budget data can replace conventional laborious direct observations. To validate that the foraging trip duration data generated from the automated method was a reflection of foraging effort, Time-Depth Recorders (TDRs) were simultaneously equipped to birds with VHF transmitters for three weeks. In order to assess the influence of factors other than prey availability on parent time-activity budgets, sex, chick age and body condition were measured. Additionally, chick growth and survival were recorded in order to investigate the gender-specific effects of parental time-activity budget variability on these parameters. Attachment of VHF transmitters to leg-rings of adult Cape gannets had no observable negative effects on the adults or their chicks in terms of adult body condition, nest attendance and foraging trip durations, or chick growth and survival. Furthermore, the frequency distribution of behaviour bout (foraging trip and nest attendance) durations was no different between automated and directly observed data. However, the automated method did record shorter behaviour bouts, largely attributed to the increased likelihood of direct observations missing birds returning briefly to their nests during older chick provisioning. Additionally, foraging trip duration was highly correlated to foraging effort in terms of time spent resting on the sea surface, flying and diving. The automated method therefore appears to be a good reflection of direct nest attendance observations and foraging effort. Cape gannet time-activity budgets were related to chick age and parental sex. Especially as chicks neared fledging, females spent significantly longer periods of time foraging than males, with males consequently provisioning their chicks more often. Furthermore, adults departing their nests earlier spent more time away from the nest foraging as more same-day daylight hours were available. Chick growth was a function of parent foraging trip duration and associated prey delivery rates. Chick survival was most strongly affected by the amount of time which chicks were left unattended by both parents and consequently exposed to predation by kelp gulls (Larus dominicanus) or to adverse weather conditions. Additionally, for females (but not males) there appeared to be a trade-off between foraging trip duration and chick survival. The Cape gannet appears to demonstrate a strategy whereby the costs of reproduction to the female are shifted towards male-dominated chick provisioning as the chick nears fledging. Drivers of time-activity budget variability such as chick age and parental sex therefore need to be considered if using data on foraging trip duration as a proxy of foraging effort and prey availability.
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Gullason, Lynda. "Engendering interaction : Inuit-European contact in Frobisher Bay, Baffin Island." Thesis, McGill University, 1998. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=35893.
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This thesis seeks to identify the mosaic, rather than the monolithic, nature of culture contact by integrating historical and archaeological sources relating to the concept of gender roles, as they influence response within a contact situation. Specifically, I examine how the Inuit gender system structured artifact patterning in Inuit-European contact situations through the investigation of three Inuit sites in Frobisher Bay, Baffin Island. These date from the 16th, 19th and early 20th centuries and represent a variety of seasonal occupations and dwelling forms.The ethnographic data suggest that Inuit gender relations were egalitarian and complementary. On this basis I hypothesize that European goods and materials were used equally by men and women. Within each gendered set of tasks, European goods and materials were differently used, according to empirically functional criteria such as the nature of the tasks.
Opportunities for and responses to European contact differed depending on the types of tasks in which Inuit women and men engaged and the social roles they played. Seasonality of occupation bears upon the archaeological visibility of gender activities.
Sixteenth-century Elizabethan contact did not alter Nugumiut gender roles, tasks, authority or status but served primarily as a source of raw material, namely wood and iron. Based on the analysis of slotted tools I suggest a refinement to take account of the overlap in blade thickness that occurs for metal and slate, and which depends on the function of the tool. I conclude that there was much more metal use by Thule Inuit than previously believed. However, during Elizabethan contact and shortly afterwards there was actually less metal use by the Nugumiut than in the prehistoric era.
Little archaeological evidence was recovered for 19th-century commercial whaling contact, (suggesting geographic marginality to European influence), or for 19th century Inuit occupation in the area. This is partly because of immigration to Cumberland Sound and because of subsequent structural remodelling of the dwellings by later occupants.
By the early 20th century, the archaeological record showed not only equal use of European material across gender but a near-ubiquitous distribution across most activity classes, even though commercial trapping never replaced traditional subsistence pursuits but only supplemented them.
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McKinney, Richard A. "Habitat use by waterfowl wintering in Narragansett Bay, Rhode Island /." View online ; access limited to URI, 2005. http://0-wwwlib.umi.com.helin.uri.edu/dissertations/dlnow/3186912.
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Gullason, Lynda. "Engendering interaction, Inuit-European contact in Frobisher Bay, Baffin Island." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/NQ50180.pdf.
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Hoffmann, Kristen Andrea. "Land Use History and Stand Development on Long Island in Blue Hill Bay, Maine." Fogler Library, University of Maine, 2007. http://www.library.umaine.edu/theses/pdf/HoffmannKA2007.pdf.
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Diver, Kimberly Christine Bendix Jacob. "Biogeography of island flora in the Georgian Bay, Lake Huron, Ontario." Related electronic resource: Current Research at SU : database of SU dissertations, recent titles available full text, 2004. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/syr/main.
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Heide, Trygve. "Assessing the sustainability of seal tourism at Duiker Island, Hout Bay." Master's thesis, Faculty of Science, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/32722.
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Pinniped focused tourism has grown rapidly both globally and in South Africa. In a 2002 survey South Africa was identified as having earned the most revenue from seal ecotourism of all the countries that engage in this activity. Seal tourism includes approaching colonies on foot, by kayak, on large and small motorised boats and more recently in the water through snorkelling and scuba diving activities. Like most wildlife tourism seal snorkelling operators can use their tours to educate clients about seal biology and threats, while providing them with a memorable physical experience with minimal impact on the seals. The goal of this research was to explore aspects of the demography, attitudes and values of tourists participating in two different seal viewing activities at the same island. Additionally, I investigated levels of satisfaction with each tour type, differences in the style of education provided by operators and which tour provided tourists and what facts tourists found most interesting. In the second part of the study I quantified the behavioural response of seals to tourists who entered the water to snorkel with seals in an attempt to assess potential impacts of immersive trips on seal behaviour. The study was conducted at Duiker Island, near Hout Bay in the city of Cape Town between November 2019 and January 2020. This period coincides with the breeding season of Cape fur seals (Arctocephalus pusillus pusillus) and the peak tourist season. Questionnaires were distributed to both seal viewing tourists (n = 53) who had viewed seals from a large boat and seal snorkelling participants who had swum with seals at the island (n = 90). More women than men undertook both types of tour, though the proportion of men increased on snorkelling compared to viewing tours. Probit models revealed key behavioural and attitudinal differences between seal viewing and seal snorkelling participants with the latter being more pro-environmental. Seal snorkelling guides used a more interpretive style when educating tourists including the use of visual aids while seal viewing tours announced facts through a loudspeaker on the vessel. Seal snorkelling guides would also include information to awareness about plastic pollution and seal entanglement, with a donation box for a seal disentanglement program run by the Two Oceans Aquarium. Seal snorkelling participants listed an average of two facts they had learnt on the tour compared to a mean of 1.24 facts for seal viewing tours. Both tours were rated very highly for overall levels of satisfaction (seal snorkelling mean score = 9.17/10; seal viewing = 8.58/100). Surface observations of seal behaviour in response to seal snorkelers in the water close to the boat suggested a minimal impact with most seals (88%) behaving neutrally and only 0.2 % engaged in avoidance behaviour. Below water observations revealed that seal numbers declined with increasing number of people in the water and seals adjusted both their position in the water column (more diving) and their activity (more active) in response to snorkeler presence. These findings suggest that both the number of snorkelers and the area over which they spread should be controlled so that seals can choose to avoid snorkelers and behavioural changes are localised to select demarcated areas. The presence of the guides in the water together with the tourists ensured there were no inappropriate interactions between seals and snorkelers (e.g. touching and biting by seals in response). This is the first study on the thriving seal ecotourism industry at Duiker Island and reveals high levels of satisfaction by both seal viewing and seal snorkelling tourists. While there were measurable impacts of seal snorkelers on seals these were highly localised and unlikely to present an adverse impact on seals at the Island more generally. Controlling the number of operators and ensuring snorkelers are always accompanied by guides should ensure that this valuable business continues, potential impacts are minimised and negative interactions (e,g. bites from seals or people touching or feeding seals) are prevented.
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Xu, Qing. "Coastal rural village planning with visual simulation at Miners Bay, Mayne Island." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/31694.
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This project describes different possibilities for compatible development in a small rural coastal
community, Miners Bay on Mayne Island, and uses computerized 3D tools to depict the
development options in order to develop, test and revise the design.
The site is the core of Miners Bay where the commercial and community center of Mayne Island
has been located for more than 100 years. Mayne Island is part of the southern Gulf Islands chain
of British Columbia. Its geographical location is in Active Pass, a busy waterway between
Vancouver Island and the lower mainland. The community is rich in historical features and
presents unique beautiful ocean views. The residents have desires for a more sustainable form of
development.
Information from a previous project in Landscape architecture at UBC provided an understanding
of landscape features at the local level (Mayne Island). General landscape character and building
character, circulation and orientated ocean views established the key criteria for landscape
conservation, view protection, and community development to be explored in the design.
Two community development scenarios were developed to examine expansion of
shoreline-oriented commercial tourism development while protecting rural character and ocean
views, under existing and alternative planning resolutions. 3D modeling and computer animation
were used as a major tool in the stages of project inventory, site analysis and conceptual design
and processed vital in demonstrating and testing the spatial results of plans.
Recommendations for revising current planning policies include more specific protection of key
view corridors to the ocean; clustering of new commercial tourism development to protect key
views, improving building orientation to the ocean, and creating a denser commercial area and
dispensing building pattern in the village; as well as other community design options to increase
community viability while retaining the rural character.Applied Science, Faculty of
Architecture and Landscape Architecture (SALA), School of
Graduate
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Silva, Daiane Ouvernay Fernandes da. "Comunidades de anf?bios e lagartos da Ba?a de Sepetiba e do Parque Estadual do Cunhambebe, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil." Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, 2011. https://tede.ufrrj.br/jspui/handle/jspui/1204.
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Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES
This study investigated the relationship between species of frogs, lizards, gradients environmental and insularity. We could detect a strong relationship between lizards in open habitats and anthropic as well as a strong influence of the area to the richness and abundance of lizards, rather than habitat heterogeneity. The community was the most diverse State Park Cunhambebe. The lizards of island environments of the Sepetiba Bay showed a strong relationship between abundance and area, supporting the hypothesis of Ecological Release. The species Cycloramphus sp., Thoropa miliaris, Hylodes asper, H. phyllodes, Phasmahyla cruzi and Scinax trapicheiroi are those with lower values of tolerance of distance from this physiognomy and sometimes only occur in this environment.
Neste estudo foram investigadas as rela??es entre esp?cies de anf?bios anuros, lagartos, gradientes ambientais e insularidade. Nota-se uma forte rela??o dos lagartos com ambientes abertos e antr?picos, bem como uma forte influ?ncia da ?rea para a riqueza e abund?ncia dos lagartos, mais que a heterogeneidade de habitats. A comunidade mais diversa foi a do Parque Estadual do Cunhambebe. Os lagartos de ambientes insulares da Ba?a de Sepetiba demonstraram forte rela??o entre abund?ncia e ?rea, corroborando com a hip?tese de Libera??o ecol?gica. As esp?cies Cycloramphus sp., Thoropa miliaris, Hylodes asper, H. phyllodes, Phasmahyla cruzi e Scinax trapicheiroi s?o as que possuem menores valores de toler?ncia de dist?ncia da cachoeira e, algumas vezes, s? ocorrem neste ambiente
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Stern, Fabio G. "Geochemistry of the Ultramafic Rocks from the Bay of Island Ophiolitic Complex, Newfoundland." Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/24159.
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The Bay of Islands Ophiolitic Complex (BOIC) is one of most well preserved and well-exposed ophiolites in the world. The BOIC consist of four massifs; these are the Table Mountain (TBL), North Arm Mountain (NAM), Blow-Me-Down Mountain (BMD) and Lewis Hills massifs. Proposed geological environments of the BOIC in Newfoundland are diverse; ranging from oceanic spreading ridge to supra-subduction setting.
The BOIC has a complete ophiolite sequence as defined at the Penrose Conference (Anonymous, 1972) including ultramafic mantle rocks, ultramafic to gabbroic cumulate rocks, sheeted dikes, pillowed basaltic rocks and capping sedimentary rocks in structurally ascending order. We studied harzburgite and overlying massive dunite in the BOIC. Harzburgite is generally medium-grained, and contains olivine, orthopyroxene, Cr-spinel, clinopyroxene and rare sulfide minerals. Harzburgite is massive to strongly deformed, with local development of mylonitic shear zones. A foliation and lineation are defined by elongated and fragmented grains of orthopyroxene and Cr-spinel. Dikes, sills, veins, and irregularly-shaped bodies of dunite and pyroxenite are present throughout the harzburgite unit.
Dunite is the predominant lithology of the Blow-Me-Down Mountain. It is typically fine- to medium-grained, massive, and contains minor Cr-spinel and rare sulfide minerals. Dunite contains olivine, Cr-spinel and minor pyroxenes in some samples. Olivine crystals are commonly partly replaced by serpentine along fractures and in outer rims.
Bulk rock and mineral composition data suggest that harzburgites are mild to highly refractory mantle residues after partial melting. In contrast all dunite samples show a cumulate geochemical signature from a mafic melt that originated from highly refractory mantle peridotites.
Our study suggest that the harzburgite in the BOIC originally formed as oceanic lithosphere at a slow spreading ridge, possibly in the vicinity of active arc systems, whereas the parental melt for dunites formed in subduction setting.
The second part of this study measured trace element compositions for olivine, Cr-spinel and bulk rock of dunite. The measured bulk rock compositions are compared to those of calculated based on mineral chemistry and their abundance. This comparison suggests that the trapped melt fraction was negligible during the crystallization of the dunites. The calculated melt compositions for the dunites confirm that the melt formed in subduction setting.
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Pichler, Thomas. "Hydrothermal activity in a coral reef ecosystem, Tutum Bay, Ambitle Island, Papua New Guinea." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape17/PQDD_0022/NQ36791.pdf.
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Robertson, Scott M. "Holocene deglacial and sea level history of Dobbin Bay, eastern Ellesmere Island, Arctic Canada." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ40101.pdf.
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Ralph, Mark Shaun. "Aspects of the breeding biology of the African penguin on Bird Island, Algoa Bay." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/840.
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It is important to the survival of the Africa Penguin (Spheniscus demersus) population that breeding at the nest site is successful and that large numbers of chicks are fledged into the breeding population. Nest distribution on Bird Island is not random and locality preferences for breeding exist. Although it seems that sufficient area exists on Bird Island for penguin nests, it can hardly be considered as suitable to optimise breeding. During prolonged heat conditions, breeders relocated to nest sites that were sheltered. Nests that were below ground in burrows was the only habitat that did not suffer nest desertion whilst all the other habitat types (including those that were sheltered) experienced 2-3 fold declines in nest numbers. Nests density and the selection of suitable nest sites are significantly influenced by the stage of breeding that the majority of birds are in, yet nests that are shaded, well-ventilated and protected seem to be the most preferred sites for breeding. Adults that attempt to breed are considered then to be in a healthy condition and will usually lay a double clutch (Randell 1983). The frequency of double clutches being laid during the peak breeding attempt was significantly higher compared to the replacement one. Breeding failure was fairly similar to breeding success during the incubation stage for nests with double clutches however, was substantially higher in single clutches. The growth rate of chicks was best fit to the von Bertalanffy growth curve in 90 percent of the cases. The overall growth rate of chicks from double broods was faster than from single broods, however was not significant. A-chicks maitain a high growth rate until they fledged. Yet, the sibling B-chick recorded the lowest growth rate of the successfully fledged chicks and up to until day 30 recorded a similar weight to those chicks that failed to fledge. Contrary to findings of Randall (1983), chicks from single broods delayed fledging, recorded lowest overall growth rates and experienced the greatest weight loss of all groups, yet fledged successfully. In order for chicks to fledge successfully, they needed to obtain a weight of 1060 g before day 30.5 in their growth cycles to avoid death due to startvation later on. Single chicks that are raised from a double cluth, fledged more other than chicks raised from a single clutch. Unfit or ill-adapted breeders that are marginal in the capabilities of raising offspring, already manifest in a small clutch size and offspring unable to obtain adequate weights during the initial stages of growth.
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Casperson, Molly. "Walrus, Seal, and Seabird Faunal Remains from Summit Island in Bristol Bay, Alaska: The Subsistence Practices of Norton Peoples in an Island Environment (2740–980 Cal B.P.)." Thesis, University of Oregon, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/23116.
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The Norton Stage (2500-1000 cal B.P.) of the Norton Tradition is typically characterized as a caribou hunting and fishing culture, an idea developed by James Giddings through his formative work at the Iyatayet Site in Norton Sound. The concept of Norton fishers and caribou-hunters has been promoted by the long-term research of Don Dumond in the Naknek and Ugashik drainages on the Alaska Peninsula. While the northern Alaska Peninsula has historically productive salmon runs and abundant caribou populations, the concept that these taxa were essential to the Norton subsistence economy has not been critically evaluated. Giddings based his own assessment of Iyatayet subsistence practices on the animal harvest practices of contemporary Norton Sound Alaska Native communities, rather than directly from the faunal remains he identified during excavations.
Several faunal assemblages have been recovered from southwest Alaska, which provide the opportunity to test assumptions regarding Norton subsistence practices. Most of these assemblages come from the Bering Sea coast, a vastly different environment from more temperate coast of the Alaska Peninsula. In an effort to directly document Norton subsistence practices, I procured a sizeable faunal assemblage that Robert Shaw excavated in 1985 from 49-XHI-043 and 49-XHI-044. These sites are located on Summit Island, a nearshore island 6 km from the shoreline of northwest Bristol Bay.
Prior to my research, no analysis of the Summit Island collection had been conducted. As a result, an assessment of the faunal remains was not possible until I analyzed field notes to establish stratigraphic relationships and procured radiocarbon dates from the sites. I was able to confirm the presence of three discrete analytical components associated with Norton culture including Early Norton I (2740-2380 cal B.P.), Early Norton II (2400-2000 cal B.P.), and Late Norton (1390-980 cal B.P.). My analysis of 9,981 mammal and bird bone specimens resulted in the documentation of an intensive marine-focused subsistence economy. Over approximately 2,000 years, generations of Norton peoples harvested seals, walruses, murres, cormorants, and eiders from the Walrus Island chain. Terrestrial and riverine species were not well represented in the assemblage, despite the proximity of the mainland.
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Nedin, Christopher. "The palaeontology and palaeoenvironment of the Early Cambrian Emu Bay Shale, Kangaroo Island, South Australia /." Title page, contents and abstract only, 1995. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phn371.pdf.
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Mancini, Henry. "An integrated management model for environmental sustainability : the case study of Vivonne Bay, Kangaroo Island /." Title page, contents and abstract only, 2000. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09ENV/09envm269.pdf.
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Hewitt, Adrian Michael. "Demographics of a seasonal aggregation of white sharks at Seal Island, False Bay, South Africa." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/9196.
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Includes bibliographical references.White sharks (Carcharodon carcharias) are widely distributed, ecologically important marine apex predators that are considered to be vulnerable to extinction. Given their crucial roles in structuring marine ecosystems, their populations need to be effectively monitored. Photo-identification provides a standardised, non-lethal method of assessing the population dynamics of extant species and provides live-encounter mark-recapture and data that are essential for management and conversation. White sharks occur throughout South African coastal waters but their centre of abundance is the Western Cape, where large sharks predominate at aggregation sites like Seal Island, False Bay. This study documents inter- and intra-seasonal trends in mean sighting rates and sex ratios of white sharks at Seal Island, and provides mark-recapture data that are used to estimate proportions of "resident" and "transient" white sharks, their size-distribution and maturity composition.
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Bell, Gregory J. ""An Island in the South": The Tampa Bay Area as a Cultural Borderland, 1513-1904." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1396454119.
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Brooks, Emma, and n/a. "Selectivity versus availability: patterns of prehistoric fish and shellfish exploitation at Triangle Flat, western Golden Bay." University of Otago. Department of Anthropology, 2002. http://adt.otago.ac.nz./public/adt-NZDU20070508.145145.
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This thesis sets out to examine issues of selectivity and availability in fishing and shellfish gathering by pre-European Maori at Triangle Flat in western Golden Bay. Faunal remains from four archaeological sites have revealed new and valuable information about economic subsistence practices in this region.
It is proposed that exploitation of these important coastal resources was based on factors other than the availability of, proximity to resource patches. Evidence from the Triangle Flat sites is compared to that from Tasman Bay and the southern North Island to gain a regional perspective on fishing and shellfish gathering strategies.
The most definitive evidence for selective targeting is provided by tuatua, an open beach species that has been found to dominate in sites based adjacent to tidal mud and sand flats. Also of interest is the dominance of mud snail in a site that is adjacent to large cockle and pipi beds. When regional sites were examined it was found that this pattern was also recorded for the site of Appleby in Tasman Bay.
Selectivity in fishing strategies is also apparent with red cod and barracouta dominating the Triangle Flat assemblages. This pattern conforms to evidence from both eastern Golden Bay and Tasman Bay but does not reflect evidence from the southern North Island. Of particular interest is the apparent dearth of snapper in the sites at Triangle Flat, since snapper abounds in the area today. An explanation based on climatic change is considered to be the most feasible. This indicates that enviromentalal availability was at least in part responsible for the archaeological evidence of fishing. The consistency of the catch of red cod and barracouta in Golden Bay, and the pattern of shellfishing preferentially for tuatua suggests that cultural choice was also a significant selective factor.
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Lunsford, Tami L. "Comparison of the Fate of Dissolved Organic Matter in Two Coastal Systems: Hog Island Bay, VA (USA) and Plum Island Sound, MA (USA)." W&M ScholarWorks, 2002. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539617785.
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