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Journal articles on the topic 'Bauxite mine'

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Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 11 February 2022

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1

Sinisi, Rosa. "Mineralogical and Geochemical Features of Cretaceous Bauxite from San Giovanni Rotondo (Apulia, Southern Italy): A Provenance Tool." Minerals 8, no. 12 (December 4, 2018): 567. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min8120567.

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In this study, the mineralogical and chemical compositions of bauxite from San Giovanni Rotondo (SGR) on the Gargano Promontory (northern Apulia, Italy) are presented and discussed with the aim of assessing the nature of its source material. Bauxite from the SGR, which is known as the “Montecatini mine”, was exploited intensively until the 1970s to recover alumina. As with most of the autochthonous peri-Mediterranean bauxites, the studied deposit is a karst bauxite with a massive, matrix-supported texture and an oolitic structure. Boehmite and hematite are the main mineral phases, and anatase, rutile, and kaolinite are present in lesser amounts along with detrital zircons and monazite grains. Calcite is abundant only in the deposit’s lower portion, triggering a significant dilution effect on trace element concentrations. However, with respect to the average crust and chondrite compositions, strong enrichments of trace metals (up to 10X Upper Continental Crust’s (UCC)) and rare earth elements (REEs, up to 800X chondrite) exist throughout the studied deposit. The distribution of REEs, the (La/Yb)N and Eu/Eu* ratios, and an Eu/Eu* versus Sm/Nd diagram have been used for determining the bauxite’s provenance. These geochemical proxies point to a parental material consisting of a mixture of distant magmatic and siliciclastic components.

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2

Mingyuan, Lim, Abd Wahid Samsuri, Mohd Yunus Shukor, and Lai Yee Phang. "Growth Performance of Jatropha curcas Cultivated on Local Abandoned Bauxite Mine Soil." Sustainability 12, no. 19 (October 8, 2020): 8263. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12198263.

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Lack of regulation in bauxite mining has caused land contamination in Malaysia. Land rehabilitation requires plants with excellent adaptability to adverse conditions. Inedible, economical viable crops with environmental co-benefits, like phytoremediation, are preferred. In this study, Jatropha curcas was evaluated for its growth performance in bauxite mine soil. Topsoil and exposed subsoil were sampled from a bauxite mine at Bukit Goh, Kuantan and used for growing J. curcas for 90 days under greenhouse conditions. The soil physicochemical properties, plant growth parameters (increase in number of leaves, plant height, and basal diameter), and oil yield were determined. The findings showed that the mine soils had lower nutrient status than unmined soil as reflected by the total C, N, P, and K values. Al, Fe, and Pb were relatively high in topsoil and subsoil. Plants grown in both mine soils recorded significantly lower increases in plant height and basal diameter but higher increases in number of leaves than that of nursery soil. Oil yield was significantly different between the plants grown in subsoil (46.54%) and topsoil (41.65%). The study demonstrated that J. curcas has the potential to be cultivated as an alternative crop in bauxite mine soil.

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3

Zuckerberg, M., J. van der Riet, W. Malajczuk, and P. Stone. "Optimal life-of-mine scheduling for a Bauxite mine." Journal of Mining Science 47, no. 2 (March 2011): 158–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s1062739147020031.

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4

Grbeš, Anamarija, Ivo Galić, Branimir Farkaš, and Ivan Budeš. "MODELLING-FRIENDLY LIFE CYCLE INVENTORY OF UNDERGROUND MINING OF BAUXITE: A CASE STUDY FROM JAJCE MINES IN BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA." Rudarsko-geološko-naftni zbornik 36, no. 3 (2021): 59–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.17794/rgn.2021.3.5.

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The objective of this paper is the study of the life cycle inventory (LCI) for underground mining of small, clustered deposits of Dinaric Alps-type bauxites, mined in the mountains near Jajce, a town in Bosnia and Herzegovina, in the period 2010-2020. Modelling of the life cycle inventory was done based on the company’s internal reports and project documentation for a variant of the sublevel caving method that involves drilling and blasting. Four mines, located on three exploitation fields, were found in different phases of mine life, different levels of tectonic disturbances and different types of energy: diesel, electricity, and compressed air. The main results of this study are the inventory of underground bauxite exploitation made based on long-term data, the life cycle of one bauxite deposit, and the emission factors from blasting. Underground mining in this case proved to be energy intensive: an average of 52-92 MJ/t was required (as opposed to 37 MJ/t for surface bauxite exploitation in Italy). At the same time, underground bauxite exploitation caused only 5.6-6.4% of the transformation of natural land that is above the mines and deposits. The operations relying on diesel fuel caused local emissions in the air and underground. The operation relying on electricity for DC locomotive and generation of the compressed air were without local emission into the air, although energy efficiency was probably reduced using compressed air as mechanical energy. At the state level, the impact depends on the country’s energy mix, which is still quite dependent on fossil fuels. Engineering estimates of blasting emissions indicated detonators and ammonium nitrate explosives as a potentially important source of environmental impact. The mining industry would significantly benefit from cleaner energy in electricity generation (the energy sector) in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The path of air emissions in the underground system, especially lead and nitrogen compounds, needs to be further explored.

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5

Li, Xue Yuan, Shi Lei Chen, and Kai Bian. "Mine Dynamic Monitoring and Integrated Management Based on RS and GIS." Advanced Materials Research 955-959 (June 2014): 3840–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.955-959.3840.

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The development of mineral resources is accompanied by serious threats to the geological environment in China. In order to balance mining order, mine environmental protection and ecological restoration, this article examines a case study of Ningwu mining area and proposes an accurate method for mine dynamic monitoring in mining area based on remote sensing (RS), which is a series of technical processes with RS images selection, mine development situation and dynamic monitoring which includes areas change and types transfer. Findings indicate that the area of bauxite pit, bauxite and coal dump increased, the area of coal industrial square decreased, coal dump and industrial square mainly transferred into bauxite pit. The organization and storage model were discussed for results integrated management by spatial database engine (ArcSDE).The application of results retrieval was developed by GIS components. This method can be considered as an effective approach for a wide range of mine development monitoring in mining areas in China.

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6

Everett, Jim. "An Information System for a Bauxite Mine." Issues in Informing Science and Information Technology 4 (2007): 091–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.28945/935.

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7

Lapa, R. P., and F. V. Carraresi. "The disposal system at Trombetas bauxite mine." Journal American Society of Mining and Reclamation 1989, no. 1 (1989): 421–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.21000/jasmr89010421.

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8

Lapa, Reginaldo P., and Femando Carreresi. "TAILINGS DISPOSAL SYSTEM AT TOMBETAS BAUXITE MINE." Journal American Society of Mining and Reclamation 1989, no. 2 (1989): 421–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.21000/jasmr89020421.

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9

Karpova, Elena A., Venera G. Gazimova, Vladimir B. Gurvich, Tatyana Yu Obukhova, Olga I. Gogoleva, Eduard G. Plotko, Marina I. Il´ina, and Vadim O. Ruzakov. "The impact of the weakly-fibrogenic bauxite dust on lungs in mine workers." Hygiene and sanitation 99, no. 12 (January 25, 2021): 1376–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.47470/0016-9900-2020-99-12-1376-1379.

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Introduction. New cases of pneumoconiosis are detected annually at the bauxite mining enterprises of the Sverdlovsk Region. Differential diagnosis of bauxite pneumoconiosis with other interstitial lung diseases using only lung radiography can be difficult. The aim of the work was to clarify the nature of changes in the lungs of workers exposed to weakly fibrogenic dust of bauxite, and the relationship of changes in the lungs with working conditions in cases of difficulty in making the final diagnosis of pneumoconiosis. Material and methods. Underground miners of a working face and underground drifters with a work experience of at least ten years in conditions of exposure to bauxite dust were examined. All patients underwent a plain chest x-ray and high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT), bodyplethysmography, bronchoscopic examination with trans-bronchial biopsy, and subsequent histological examination of the biopsy. To determine the elemental composition of micro- and nanoparticles in biological tissue samples, scanning electron microscopy with X-ray spectral microanalysis was used. Results. During the histopathological examination of lung tissue biopsy materials by a bright-field method and polarized filter and using electron microscopy, the composition of dust in the lung tissue complied with the composition of industrial aerosol. It is formed during bauxite mining (aluminum, iron, and quartz compounds). High-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) and bronchoscopy can detect signs of exposure to industrial aerosol of complex composition represented by early interstitial parenchymal fibrosis and changes in bronchial mucosa. This is typical for individuals at risk of occupational respiratory diseases development without radiological features specific to pneumoconiosis. Before X-ray pattern formation, typical for pneumoconiosis, bronchitis syndrome and atrophic changes in the bronchial mucosa are developed. This happens in workers exposed to weakly-fibrogenic dust of a complex composition formed during the mining of bauxite. The changes are permanently observed long after the exposure to the dust factor has ceased.

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10

Georgiadis, I. K., A. Papadopoulos, A. Filippidis, A. Godelitsas, A. Tsirambides, and D. Vogiatzis. "emoval of malachite green dye from aqueous solutions by diasporic Greek raw bauxite." Bulletin of the Geological Society of Greece 47, no. 2 (January 24, 2017): 927. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/bgsg.11132.

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Raw bauxite from Klisoura mine (Prefecture of Fokida, Greece) containing 72 wt.% diaspore, 16 wt.% hematite, 6 wt.% quartz, 4 wt.% anatase and 2 wt.% calcite, has been used for the removal of malachite green dye from aqueous solutions. The batch type experiments were conducted with 10 ml of solution, at pH = pHZPC = 6.7 and contact time 1 h. The initial concentration of malachite green dye was 10 mg/l, the bauxite quantity was 0.02 g, 0.04 g, 0.06 g, 0.1 g and 0.2 g. The highest adsorption capacity achieved was 4.5 mg/g (90% removal) using 0.02 g bauxite. The removal capacity of raw bauxite is comparable to other non-conventional adsorbents, such as neem sawdust, sugar cane dust and cane root carbon.

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11

Todd, M. C. L., M. A. Adams, and P. F. Grierson. "Mineralisation of nitrogen in a chronosequence of rehabilitated bauxite mines." Soil Research 38, no. 2 (2000): 435. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sr99047.

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Mine site rehabilitation should aim to establish quickly and maintain the processes of nutrient cycling at rates comparable with, or approaching, those of native forests. Current management strategies for rehabilitating bauxite mines and other mine sites in Australia usually include planting fast-growing understorey species at high densities and applying fertiliser. We provide the first detailed study of nitrogen (N) availability and N transformations (mineralisation/immobilisation) in such rehabilitated mine sites. Mean concentrations of NO3– (0–5 cm) in a chronosequence (7, 13, 22, and 27 years old) of rehabilitated mine sites ranged from 0.5 to 1.3 kg/ha, and NH4+ from 4.0 to 9.5 kg/ha. In burnt and unburnt native jarrah (E. marginata Donn ex. Smith) forests adjacent to the mine site, mean NO3– concentrations in surface soil (0–5 cm) were 0.8 kg/ha (burnt) and 1.1 kg/ha (unburnt), and mean NH4+ concentrations were 6.8 kg/ha (burnt) and 7.8 kg/ha (unburnt). Concentration of NH4+ at 0–5 cm was strongly related to soil water content (R2 = 0.69, P < 0.05) in rehabilitation sites, but not at 5–10 cm depth. Rates of N mineralisation (0–5 cm) in rehabilitation sites ranged from 34 to 52 kg/ha.year, of the same order as rates in native forest soil. In all rehabilitation and native forest sites, rates of N mineralisation were significantly related to rates of N-uptake at both 0–5 and 5–10 cm depth (R2 > 0.63, P < 0.05). Soil C/N ratios (0–5 cm) in rehabilitation sites ranged from 22.4 to 38.8, and in native forests from 35.6 (burnt) to 40.3 (unburnt). Soil C/N ratios increased with depth in both rehabilitation and native forest sites (ranged from 31.2 to 51.6). Availability of water was the major determinant of nitrogen availability in this strongly Mediterranean climate.

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12

Negrão, Leonardo Boiadeiro Ayres, Marcondes Lima da Costa, Herbert Pöllmann, and Axel Horn. "An application of the Rietveld refinement method to the mineralogy of a bauxite-bearing regolith in the Lower Amazon." Mineralogical Magazine 82, no. 2 (February 28, 2018): 413–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/minmag.2017.081.056.

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AbstractA comparison of Rietveld refinement results for a bauxite-bearing regolith and its clayey cover in the Amazon region was made with stoichiometric calculations from chemical analysis and partly from thermogravimetric results. For this investigation a profile in the bauxite-bearing regolith occurrence in the ALCOA bauxite mine at Juruti, Brazil was studied. The different minerals, their compositions and their low crystallinity in the different horizons were investigated and the contents determined. It is evident that some minerals show several generations and some chemical composition changes that must be included in the Rietveld refinement. Al-rich hematites and goethites are common along the bauxite profile. Amorphous contents were determined with rutile added as an internal standard and shown to have gibbsite- or kaolinite-like composition. The minerals could be quantified in the different horizons and the difficulties were mainly related to variable crystalline aspects of the phases. Rietveld refinement can be a powerful tool in bauxite prospecting, quality control and during mining and beneficiation of ore minerals using the adapted refinement strategies.

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13

Putra, Risandi Dwirama, and Tri Apriadi. "Studi Kontaminasi Logam Berat (Pb dan Cr) Pasca Pertambangan Bauksit Sebagai Potensi Lokasi Kegiatan Budidaya Perikanan." Intek Akuakultur 2, no. 1 (May 11, 2018): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.31629/intek.v2i1.273.

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Bauxite is one of the mining activities, which can lead to the phenomenon of Acid Mine Drainage (AMD). Activities developed by bauxite mining, since the beginning of operations are able to degrade environmental conditions and cause modifications to the main structure of the environment. Alternative to reducing the negative impact of bauxite mining production with re-utilize abandoned bauxite which forms puddles. The puddle of water on bauxite post-mining have potential for Aquaculture. Each sampling site is located in 5 (five) site based on post bauxite mining activities and determine the heavy metal concentraion of Pb and Cr. Soil and sediment samples were collected to analyze the grain size. Total heavy metal concentrations using Atom Flame Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS). Analysis of heavy metal concentration (Pb dan Cr) with enrichment factor (EF) value of heavy metals Pb indicates extremely high enrichment for post-mining bauxite site at Simpang Dompak, Dompak and Wacopek (EF> 40). Enrichment Factor (EF) Cr on post-mining bauxite post in Simpang Dompak and Sei.Carang site have EF value > 5 indicating this site contamination with Cr. Index Value, Igeo > 5 indicating very strongly contaminated Pb and Cr with Igeo <5 is contaminated moderately. Water quality in Post-mining bauxite shows good condition of water. In general, the post-mining area of bauskit have potential for aquaculture activities although there is high Pb contamination on the substrate but the water quality parameter can utilized for dynamic organisms such as fish. Proper aquaculture techniques to manage the post-mining bauxite in order to be optimally utilized for cultivation activities.

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14

Yang, Huan Ying, Yong Li, Shu Long Liu, Chang He Gao, Shu Long Ma, and Lin Jun Wang. "Sintering Characters Analysis of the Al₂O₃-86 Homogenized Bauxite." Advanced Materials Research 690-693 (May 2013): 35–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.690-693.35.

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The present explains sintering characters of the Al2O3-86 homogenized bauxite under wet processes homogenization, which includes classified bauxite mine, wet grinding, vacuum extrusion, sintering in tunnel kiln,etc. DSC and TG reveal an evident peak of absorption heat at 531°C, resulting from the dehydroxylation of bauxite. Green samples held at 550°C*6hrs were heated up to different temperatures, and the properties of weight loss, linear change, bulk density and apparent porosity were measured. The data show that liquid-phase emerge and sintering process goes slowly above 1100°C. At 1500°C, large amounts of liquid-phase form, making liquid-phase sintering have a positive effect. The analysis of XRD and SEM indicate that, corundum grains develop more inadequate and most of the corundums interlace in a compact way, which can separate the widespread liquid phase and improve the sintering capability of homogenized bauxite.

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15

Pyrgaki, Konstantina, Vasiliki Gemeni, Christos Karkalis, Nikolaos Koukouzas, Petros Koutsovitis, and Petros Petrounias. "Geochemical Occurrence of Rare Earth Elements in Mining Waste and Mine Water: A Review." Minerals 11, no. 8 (August 10, 2021): 860. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min11080860.

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Μining waste, processing by-products and mine water discharges pose a serious threat to the environment as in many cases they contain high concentrations of toxic substances. However, they may also be valuable resources. The main target of the current review is the comparative study of the occurrence of rare earth elements (REE) in mining waste and mine water discharges produced from the exploitation of coal, bauxite, phosphate rock and other ore deposits. Coal combustion ashes, bauxite residue and phosphogypsum present high percentages of critical REEs (up to 41% of the total REE content) with ΣREY content ranging from 77 to 1957.7 ppm. The total REE concentrations in mine discharges from different coal and ore mining areas around the globe are also characterised by a high range of concentrations from 0.25 to 9.8 ppm and from 1.6 to 24.8 ppm, respectively. Acid mine discharges and their associated natural and treatment precipitates seem to be also promising sources of REE if their extraction is coupled with the simultaneous removal of toxic pollutants.

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16

Nichols, O. G., and R. Burrows. "Recolonisation of revegetated bauxite mine sites by predatory invertebrates." Forest Ecology and Management 10, no. 1-2 (February 1985): 49–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0378-1127(85)90013-1.

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17

Kaur, Gurkiran, Sara J. Couperthwaite, and Graeme J. Millar. "Performance of bauxite refinery residues for treating acid mine drainage." Journal of Water Process Engineering 26 (December 2018): 28–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jwpe.2018.09.005.

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18

Miranda Neto, Aurino, Sebastião Venâncio Martins, Kelly de Almeida Silva, Aldo Teixeira Lopes, and Raul de Abreu Demolinari. "Natural regeneration in a restored bauxite mine in southeast Brazil." Bosque (Valdivia) 35, no. 3 (2014): 377–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.4067/s0717-92002014000300012.

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19

Lorenzo, J. S., J. J. Griffith, I. Jucksch, A. L. de Souze, M. G. F. Reis, and A. B. do Vale. "Ecology of a Brazilian Bauxite Mine Abandoned for Fifty Years." Journal American Society of Mining and Reclamation 1994, no. 3 (1994): 73–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.21000/jasmr94030073.

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20

Lorenzo, Jackeline S., James J. Griffith, Ivo Jucksch, Agostinho L. de Souza, Maria G. F. Reis, and Antonio B. do Vale. "ECOLOGY OF A BRAZILIAN BAUXITE MINE ABANDONED FOR FIFTY YEARS." Journal American Society of Mining and Reclamation 1994, no. 3 (1994): 73–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.21000/jasmr940300873.

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21

KARTHIKEYAN, A., B. DEEPARAJ, and P. NEPOLEAN. "REFORESTATION IN BAUXITE MINE SPOILS WITHCASUARINA EQUISETIFOLIAFROST. AND BENEFICIAL MICROBES." Forests, Trees and Livelihoods 19, no. 2 (January 2009): 153–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14728028.2009.9752661.

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22

Brofas, G., P. Michopoulos, and D. Alifragis. "Sewage Sludge as an Amendment for Calcareous Bauxite Mine Spoils Reclamation." Journal of Environmental Quality 29, no. 3 (May 2000): 811–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/jeq2000.00472425002900030017x.

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23

Tripathy, D. P., and D. S. Rao. "Noise Measurement in a Mechanized Opencast Bauxite Mine: A Case Study." Noise & Vibration Worldwide 46, no. 11 (December 2015): 9–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1260/0957-4565.46.11.9.

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Rao, D. S., and D. P. Tripathy. "Application of ANFIS for machinery noise prediction in a bauxite mine." Noise Control Engineering Journal 66, no. 2 (April 1, 2018): 90–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.3397/1/37669.

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25

Prithviraj, Desale, Kashyap Deboleena, Nawani Neelu, Nahar Noor, Rahman Aminur, Kapadnis Balasaheb, and Mandal Abul. "Biosorption of nickel by Lysinibacillus sp. BA2 native to bauxite mine." Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety 107 (September 2014): 260–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2014.06.009.

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26

Kusmanto, Kusmanto, Ahmad Fauzi Fauzi, Gembong S. Wibowo, and Bayu Aji. "PENGELOLAAN AIR DALAM MENUNJANG KEGIATAN PENCUCIAN PADA PROSES PENAMBANGAN BAUKSIT." Prosiding Temu Profesi Tahunan PERHAPI 1, no. 1 (March 29, 2020): 739–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.36986/ptptp.v1i1.116.

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ABSTRAK Dalam melaksanakan kegiatan ekspor bauksit, sesuai Permen ESDM nomor 25 tahun 2018, perusahaan tambang diwajibkan untuk melakukan peningkatan kadar bauksit yang akan dijual melalui proses pencucian. Untuk mendukung hal tersebut, dibangun washing plant, sebagai sarana proses pencucian, dan sedimen pond, sebagai sarana sumber air serta pengelolaan limbah. Secara umum, proses pengelolaan air berawal dari run off pada bukaan tambang, yang dikelola dengan membuat kolam pengendapan di area tambang. kemudian untuk mendukung proses pencucian, dibangun sedimen pond sebagai sarana tempat penampungan limbah hasil pencucian dan pengelolaan air limbah sehingga dapat digunakan kembali untuk proses pencucian bauksit di washing plant. Alur proses pencucian berawal dari air pada kolam dipompakan ke washing plant, limbah hasil pencucian dialirkan ke kolam sedimen, kemudian dilakukan proses daur ulang melalui sirkulasi tertutup dengan dialirkannya kembali air tersebut ke kolam pompa untuk digunakan pada proses pencucian. Pada musim hujan, apabila terdapat penambahan air dari run off, sebagian air dialirkan ke badan air atau lingkungan untuk menjaga kapasitas tampung dari kolam sedimen. Dikarenakan adanya aliran air ke lingkungan, maka Tambang Bauksit Tayan wajib memenuhi persyaratan pada Peraturan Menteri Lingkungan Hidup nomor 34 tahun 2009 tentang Baku Mutu Limbah Air Kegiatan Pertambangan Bauksit. Berdasarkan peraturan tersebut, Tambang Bauksit Tayan wajib memenuhi kadar baku mutu pH di rentang 6-9 dan maksimum kadar Total Suspended Solid (TSS) 200 mg/l. Maka dari itu, sebelum dialirkan ke kolam pompa, dilakukan penambahan flokulan untuk menjaga kadar TSS air tidak melebihi baku mutu sehingga diperbolehkan untuk dialirkan ke lingkungan dan mengondisikan air tetap jernih untuk menunjang proses pencucian. Untuk mengetahui flokulan dengan kinerja paling optimal, dilakukan jar test dengan beberapa jenis flokulan untuk mengetahui perbandingan biaya terhadap efektivitas proses yang dihasilkan. Dari percobaan yang dilakukan, seluruh flokulan efektif dan diperoleh efisiensi proses tertinggi dari flokulan sebesar 99% untuk konsentrasi flokulan uji 5 ppm. Kemudian flokulan tersebut digunakan sebagai bahan penjernih air pada water treatment plant untuk mengelola air limbah pencucian bauksit agar sesuai dengan standar parameter yang tertera pada regulasi yang ada. Dengan dilaksanakannya proses pengelolaan run off pada bukaan tambang, pengelolaan sedimen pond, dan pemenuhan aspek kepatuhan regulasi, kegiatan penambangan bauksit, khususnya pada tahapan pencucian di washing plant dapat dilaksanakan secara optimal sehingga dapat mendukung proses produksi untuk mencapai target yang telah ditetapkan. Kata Kunci : Run Off, Pencucian Bauksit, Sedimen Pond, Total Suspended Solid, Flokulan ABSTRACT In carrying out bauxite export activities, according to Minister of Energy and Mineral Resources Regulation No. 25 2018, mining companies are required to increase the level of bauxite which will be sold through the washing process. To support this, a washing plant was built, as a means of the washing process, and a sediment pond, as an air source and waste management. In general, the process of water management starts from runoff at mine openings, which is managed by creating a settling pond in the mine area. then to support the washing process, build a sediment pond as a waste disposal place for washing and waste water management can be used again for the process of washing bauxite in the washing plant. The flow of the washing process starts from the water in the pond being pumped to the washing plant, the washing wastes are channeled into the sediment pond, then the recycling process is carried out through closed circulation by being channeled back into the pump pond for use in the washing process. In the rainy season, it needs air assistance from runoff, most of it is channeled to the air bodies or the environment for the reserve capacity of the sediment ponds. Due to the flow of water into the environment, the Tayan Bauxite Mine is required to meet the requirements of the Minister of Environment Regulation No. 34/2009 concerning Quality Standards for Wastewater in Bauxite Mining Activities. Based on these regulations, the Tayan Bauxite Mine is required to meet pH quality standards in the range of 6-9 and a maximum level of Total Suspended Solid (TSS) of 200 mg / l. Therefore, before flowing into the pump pond, do flocculant to get TSS levels of air not exceeding the quality standard so that it is diverted to the environment and condition the air to remain clear to support the washing process. To find out the flocculant with the most optimal performance, do a jar test with several types of flocculant to find out the costs for the resulting process. From the experiments, all the effective flocculants and the highest process efficiency obtained from flocculants was 99% for the 5 ppm flocculant concentration test. Then this flocculant is used as an air purifier in water treatment plants to manage bauxite washing wastewater to comply with the standard parameters stated in the existing arrangements. By carrying out runoff management processes at mine openings, pond sediment management, and compliance with regulatory aspects, bauxite mining activities, particularly at the washing stage at the washing plant can be carried out optimally, can support the production process to achieve the targets. Keywords: Run Off, Bauxite Washing, Sediment Pond, Total Suspended Solid, Flocculant

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DYKE, GARETH J., MICHAEL J. BENTON, ERIKA POSMOSANU, and DARREN NAISH. "Early Cretaceous (Berriasian) birds and pterosaurs from the Cornet bauxite mine, Romania." Palaeontology 54, no. 1 (September 15, 2010): 79–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-4983.2010.00997.x.

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Collins, Margaret, Mark Brundrett, John Koch, and Krishnapillai Sivasithamparam. "Colonisation of jarrah forest bauxite-mine rehabilitation areas by orchid mycorrhizal fungi." Australian Journal of Botany 55, no. 6 (2007): 653. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/bt06170.

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Orchids require mycorrhizal fungi for germination of seed and growth of seedlings. The colonisation of bauxite-mine rehabilitation areas by orchids is therefore dependent on the availability of both seed and mycorrhizal fungi. Orchid mycorrhizal fungi baiting trials were carried out in rehabilitation areas that were 1, 10 and 26 years old (established in 2001, 1992 and 1976) and adjacent unmined jarrah forest areas at Jarrahdale, Western Australia. Fungal baits consisted of buried six-chambered nylon-mesh packets containing seed of six jarrah forest orchid taxa, Caladenia flava subsp. flava R.Br., Disa bracteata Sw., Microtis media subsp. media R.Br., Pterostylis recurva Benth., Pyrorchis nigricans (R.Br.) D.L.Jones & M.A.Clem. and Thelymitra crinita Lindl. Detection of orchid mycorrhizal fungi was infrequent, especially at the youngest rehabilitation sites where only mycorrhizal fungi associated with P. recurva were detected. Mycorrhizal fungi of the other orchid taxa were widespread but sparsely distributed in older rehabilitation and forest areas. Detection of mycorrhizal fungi varied between taxa and baiting sites for the two survey years (2002 and 2004). Caladenia flava subsp. flava and T. crinita mycorrhizal fungi were the most frequently detected. The presence of C. flava mycorrhizal fungi was correlated with leafy litter cover and maximum depth, and soil moisture at the vegetation type scale (50 × 5 m belt transects), as well as tree and litter cover at the microhabitat scale (1-m2 quadrats). The presence of T. crinita mycorrhizal fungi was positively correlated with soil moisture in rehabilitation areas and low shrub cover in forest. The frequency of detection of orchid mycorrhizal fungi both at rehabilitated sites (15–25% of baits) and in unmined forest (15–50% of baits) tended to increase with rehabilitation age as vegetation recovered. The failure of some orchid taxa to reinvade rehabilitation areas is unlikely to be entirely due to absence of the appropriate mycorrhizal fungi. However, since the infrequent detection of fungi suggests that they occur in isolated patches of soil, the majority of dispersed orchid seeds are likely to perish, especially in recently disturbed habitats.

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Ashofteh Alireza,, Abedini Ali,, and Esmaeily Dariush,. "ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS ASSESSMENT OF TASH BAUXITE MINE IN SEMNAN PROVINCE, NORTHERN IRAN." NEWS of National Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Kazakhstan 5, no. 443 (October 15, 2020): 21–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.32014/2020.2518-170x.100.

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Mineral resources and mining are the pillars of development in any country. Mining development must be performed based on the pillars of sustainable development to prevent the damage to water, soil, air, plants, wildlife and social life of local communities by exploiting valuable minerals and economic development. Lack of attention towards the pillars of sustainable development in the long-term can turn into serious damages to environment and social life of local communities. There would probably be needed to spend multiple times more than the added value earned by the mineral production in order to recompense the environmental and social damages caused by unauthorized mining. Therefore, from the late 2001 the beginning of mining activities in the Bauxite mine of the village of Tash has caused challenges for the environment, natural resources and social issues. Some of the most important of which are loss of water reserves in the region, the pollution of ground and surface waters, soil erosion, susceptibility of the region to dust, loss of vegetation and rangelands, the endangerment of wildlife, flooding due to inappropriate tailings depot. This paper addresses to the causes of these pollutions and how to stop further damages of the process.

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Anfimov, A. L. "New Emsian foraminifers from of the Karpinsky Horizon limestones Severouralsk Bauxite Mine." Paleontological Journal 46, no. 5 (September 2012): 445–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s0031030112050024.

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Wright, Vincent Fitzgerald, Bryson Alando Brown, and Mark Anglin Harris. "Quenching of phosphorus fixation with organic wastes in a bauxite mine overburden." Environmental Earth Sciences 63, no. 3 (September 12, 2010): 469–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12665-010-0713-1.

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32

Gardner, J. H., and N. Malajczuk. "Recolonisation of rehabilitated bauxite mine sites in western Australia by mycorrhizal fungi." Forest Ecology and Management 24, no. 1 (April 1988): 27–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0378-1127(88)90022-9.

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Kew, G. A., and R. J. Gilkes. "Properties of regolith beneath lateritic bauxite in the Darling Range of south Western Australia." Soil Research 45, no. 3 (2007): 164. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sr06128.

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A morphological key has been developed for regolith that is exposed during mining of lateritic bauxite in the Darling Range of south Western Australia. The key distinguishes materials with different mineralogical and chemical properties. Iron oxide cemented (Zh) regolith has a gibbsitic matrix, quartz-rich (Zm) regolith has a gibbsite and kaolin matrix, and clay-rich (Zp) regolith has a kaolin matrix. An Si affinity element map (Si, Hf, Th) and a K affinity element group (K, Ba, Rb) are associated with granitic quartz-rich regolith and an Al/Fe element affinity group (Al, Fe, Ti, P, Ni, Co, Cu, Mn, Zn, Ga, Cr, V) is associated with clay and iron rich regolith. Doleritic regolith is generally associated with the Al/Fe affinity group. Although granite and granitic regolith exhibit similar element affinity groups, the abundance of elements within each is highly variable, which reflects the diversity in composition of granite within the region. The degree of euhedral character of clay-size platy crystals (kaolinite/gibbsite) does not differ for materials distinguished by the key, as both quartz-rich (Zm) and clay-rich (Zp) regolith and both granitic and doleritic saprolite contain subhedral kaolin crystals. The crystal size of platy kaolin (approximately 0.5 µm) is similar for different mine pits and for different regolith materials (Zm and Zp) within mine pits. There is a difference in halloysite tube length (0.52–1.18 µm) between mine pits, which may be related to the presence of weathered mica or to the alteration of halloysite in gibbsite-rich regolith. The internal and external diameters of halloysite tubes (about 0.11 and 0.24 µm) are similar for different mine pits and different regolith types within mine pits. The resin used during thin section preparation contains chlorine, so that determination of chlorine by EMPA provides a measure of the porosity of regolith material. A systematic negative relationship exists between chlorine concentration and total oxide weight % of porous regolith matrix determined by EMPA; both measurements provide an indication of the porosity of the clay matrix in regolith.

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34

Wang, Song, Jia Ping Zheng, Xiao Pei Zhang, and Shun Ran Wang. "Discussion on the Types Attribution and Comprehensive Utilization of High-Alumina Clay Ore." Advanced Materials Research 807-809 (September 2013): 2209–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.807-809.2209.

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High-Alumina clay ore is the protective exploitation of mineral stipulated by the Ministry of Land and Resources. Due to its physicochemical properties and ore characteristics are quite different from current ore types --refractory clay mineral. It is usually taken as a general refractory clay mine of high-Alumina clay in practical applications, which leads to massive misuse and great waste of high-Alumina clay ore. This paper will redefine the attribuation of high-Alumina clay ore by analysing its differences and similarities with refractory clay minerals and bauxite mines in mineralogy, rock chemistry as well as physical structure, and present some advice on its comprehensive usage aiming at the existed problems in comprehensive development and utilization.

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35

Majer, Jonathan D. "Ant recolonization of rehabilitated bauxite mines at Trombetas, Pará, Brazil." Journal of Tropical Ecology 12, no. 2 (March 1996): 257–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266467400009445.

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ABSTRACTAnt species were sampled in three rainforest and 10 rehabilitated bauxite mine plots at Trombetas, in the tropical monsoonal region of Brazil. Rehabilitation ranged from 0 to 11 years in age and was mainly performed by planting mixed native forest tree species. One plot supported single-species blocks of Australian Eucalyptus and Acacia species. Two hundred and six ant species were recorded, of which 82 were exclusively found in the native vegetation, 54 were confined to the rehabilitation and 70 were found in both situations. In contrast with other studies, ant species richness in the Eucalyptus/Acacia plantation was as great as in the areas rehabilitated with native vegetation. The overall rate of return of ant species was considerably greater than in mines situated within subtropical regions of Brazil, Africa and Australia. However, if the greater richness of ants in the native vegetation at Trombetas was accounted for, the proportional return of the original ant fauna was not particularly rapid. The return of ant species slowed as the rehabilitated areas aged. In comparison with forest, the rehabilitation was characterized by proportionately more generalist species and fewer specialists, especially from the soil and litter layers. The full range of habitat requirements for the ant community has not been restored by the eleventh year of rehabilitation and further management may be required to enhance the degree of colonization. It is suggested that the findings for ants may apply to other components of the biota as well.

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36

Grant, Carl, and John Koch. "Decommissioning Western Australia's First Bauxite Mine: Co-evolving vegetation restoration techniques and targets." Ecological Management & Restoration 8, no. 2 (August 2007): 92–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1442-8903.2007.00346.x.

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37

Tripathy, D. P., and D. S. Rao. "Occupational noise-induced hearing loss of workers in a bauxite mine in India." Noise Control Engineering Journal 65, no. 3 (June 1, 2017): 224–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.3397/1/376440.

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38

B Silva, Maria Daniely, Carolina Mattos Affonso, Kassia Cristina S Cavalcante, and Francisco Eduardo L. Picanco. "Productivity Estimation to Diagnosis Support in Bauxite Open-pit Mine Using Fuzzy Logic." IEEE Latin America Transactions 12, no. 8 (December 2014): 1595–601. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tla.2014.7014533.

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39

Jovanovic, Sasa, Zoran Gligoric, Cedomir Beljic, Branko Gluscevic, and Cedomir Cvijovic. "Fuzzy Model for Selection of Underground Mine Development System in a Bauxite Deposit." Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering 39, no. 6 (June 2014): 4529–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13369-014-1173-9.

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40

Paradis, M., J. Duchesne, A. Lamontagne, and D. Isabel. "Using red mud bauxite for the neutralization of acid mine tailings: a column leaching test." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 43, no. 11 (November 1, 2006): 1167–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/t06-071.

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Acid mine drainage (AMD) is an environmental problem produced when sulphides come in contact with an oxidant (± bacteria) and water, producing acid generation and metals leaching. One solution proposed is to use red mud bauxite (RMB), which is very alkaline, to neutralize oxidized acidic tailings. A column leaching test has been set up to evaluate major aspects of field constraints. First, a field investigation was conducted in which RMB was spread in aggregates before mixing with tailings. This setup has been reproduced in the laboratory and compared with a homogeneous mixture. The analyses of the water effluent do not show any important difference between the two mixtures. Second, some studies show that the addition of Cl brine to RMB helps to maintain the long-term neutralization potential. Brine addition increased the concentrations of Ca, Mg, Na, K, and Cu in drainage water. Columns were set up with 10% and 20% RMB to evaluate the effect of the quantity applied. Addition of greater than 20% RMB increases the leachate alkalinity and concentrations of Al, Cu, Pb, As, Fe, and SO42– in drainage waters. The addition of 10% RMB, however, significantly improves the quality of drainage water over a period of 125 days and results in concentrations and pH values within the ranges of those recommended by Directive 019 of the Ministère de l'environnement, Québec.Key words: acid mine drainage, red mud bauxite, tailings, environmental geochemistry, neutralization.

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41

Milutinović, Aleksandar, Aleksandar Ganić, and Rade Tokalić. "ACCURACY ASSESSMENT OF GEOMETRICAL ELEMENTS FOR SETTING-OUT IN HORIZONTAL PLANE OF CONVEYING CHAMBERS AT THE BAUXITE MINE »KOSTURI« SREBRENICA." Archives of Mining Sciences 59, no. 1 (March 1, 2014): 93–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/amsc-2014-0007.

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Abstract Setting-out of objects on the exploitation field of the mine, both in surface mining and in the underground mines, is determined by the specified setting-out accuracy of reference points, which are best to define spatial position of the object projected. For the purpose of achieving of the specified accuracy, it is necessary to perform a priori accuracy assessment of parameters, which are to be used when performing setting-out. Based on the a priori accuracy assessment, verification of the quality of geometrical setting- -out elements specified in the layout; definition of the accuracy for setting-out of geometrical elements; selection of setting-out method; selection at the type and class of instruments and tools that need to be applied in order to achieve predefined accuracy. The paper displays the accuracy assessment of geometrical elements for setting-out of the main haul gallery, haul downcast and helical conveying downcasts in shape of an inclined helix in horizontal plane, using the example of the underground bauxite mine »Kosturi«, Srebrenica.

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42

S., Shom, Sushil Mhaske, Khanindra Pathak, and Manoj Tiwari. "Mine Waste as Resource: Indian Mining Scenario of Coal and Non Coal Mining Sector." International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering 9, no. 6 (March 30, 2021): 250–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.35940/ijrte.f5396.039621.

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Mother Nature has bestowed India with huge resources of coal, iron ore, bauxite, manganese and limestone. India has one of the lowest per capita availability of land due to population of more than 1.3 billion. The transformation from under developed to developed economy warrants enormous increase in mineral production. This will generate additional huge quantities of waste. The industry is already facing problems related to land acquisition and environmental clearances. Sustainable development of Indian mineral industry requires reprocessing, reuse and recycling of mine waste. To achieve this, economic and innovative mineral processing methods are required which will result in least damage to ecology and environment.

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43

Gao, Lin, Zewei Miao, Zhongke Bai, Xiaoyuan Zhou, Jingkui Zhao, and Yinmei Zhu. "A case study of ecological restoration at the Xiaoyi Bauxite Mine, Shanxi Province, China." Ecological Engineering 11, no. 1-4 (October 1998): 221–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0925-8574(98)00036-6.

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44

Sliwka, Peter, and Hans-Peter Kölfen. "Quantification and monetary valuation of environmental impacts - a case study of a bauxite mine." Zeitschrift der Deutschen Geologischen Gesellschaft 151, no. 1-2 (June 1, 2000): 81–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/zdgg/151/2000/81.

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45

Majer, Jonathan D. "Ant recolonisation of rehabilitated bauxite mines of Poços de Caldas, Brazil." Journal of Tropical Ecology 8, no. 01 (February 1992): 97–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266467400006155.

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ABSTRACTThe ant species were sampled in one campo (grassy shrubland), one mata (semideciduous rain forest) and 11 rehabilitated bauxite mine plots at Poços de Caldas, in the humid sub-tropical climatic region of Brazil. Rehabilitation was either by planting AustralianEucalyptusspp, the BrazilianMimosa scabrellatree, or by planting mixed mata trees. Sixty-eight ant species were recorded, of which 26 were exclusively found in the native vegetation and 16 were confined to the rehabilitated plots. Ant species richness built up most rapidly in areas rehabilitated with mixed mata species and least rapidly in areas withEucalyptus. Younger rehabilitated plots appeared to be developing a campo-type ant community, although evidence indicates that more mata ant species will colonise once tree canopy closure takes place. Rate of ant return in Australia is positively correlated with the quantity and distribution of rainfall – the rates in the current study concur with those from humid sub-tropical climatic zones within Australia, suggesting that similar constraints to the succession may be operating. If found to be the case, this would have practical implications for planning and evaluating the success of rehabilitation.

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46

Gould, Susan F. "Does post-mining rehabilitation restore habitat equivalent to that removed by mining? A case study from the monsoonal tropics of northern Australia." Wildlife Research 38, no. 6 (2011): 482. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr11019.

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Context Rehabilitation is increasingly being promoted as a strategy for minimising and even reversing biodiversity loss. Many rehabilitation strategies that aim to provide habitat focus entirely on establishing vegetation. Successful vegetation establishment, however, does not necessarily provide habitat that is ecologically equivalent to that removed by vegetation clearing. Quantitative understanding of faunal responses to rehabilitation is required if rehabilitation techniques are to be refined and deliver desired biodiversity outcomes. Aims I aimed to assess the extent to which post-mining rehabilitation restores bird habitat equivalent to that removed in the mining process on the Weipa bauxite plateau. Methods The composition, abundance and richness of bird assemblages were compared between native forest sites and a 23-year chronosequence of post-mining rehabilitation sites. Native forest sites were made up of three Weipa bauxite plateau land units, including the land unit that represents pre-mining native forest, and two land units that are considered to be potential analogues for the post-mining landscape. Key results Bird abundance and bird species richness increased with rehabilitation age. Bird species richness in the two oldest age classes of mine rehabilitation was similar to values obtained from pre-mining native forest and post-mining landscape analogue sites. The composition of bird assemblages, however, was significantly different. Of all the bird species observed, 25% occurred exclusively in native forest sites, 19% occurred exclusively in mine-rehabilitation sites, and the remaining 56% were recorded in both native forest and mine-rehabilitation sites. Site bird-detection rates were significantly related to site vegetation structure, with inter-specific differences in bird response. Conclusions Post-mining rehabilitation at Weipa has partially made up for the loss of habitat caused by clearing for mining. Twenty-three years after rehabilitation commenced, however, a clear residual impact on biodiversity remains, with a third of native forest birds absent from mine rehabilitation, including several native forest specialists. Implications Rehabilitation can partially make up for biodiversity losses caused by the initial loss of habitat. There is no evidence, however, that rehabilitation can achieve ‘no net loss’. Reliance on rehabilitation to achieve conservation outcomes does not address the fact that many fauna species require resources that are found only in mature forest.

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Chandra, R., and P. A. Azeez. "Bioaccumulation of Metals in Different Parts of Weed Species at Proposed Bauxite Mines." Advanced Materials Research 71-73 (May 2009): 609–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.71-73.609.

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We investigated and evaluated metal up-take in three common dominant plants namely Ageratina adenophora, Eupatorium odoratum and Phoenix acaulis from three proposed bauxite mine sites in Araku valley, Vishakhapatnam, India. The concentrations of Cr, Cu, Pb and Zn varied from 14.41 to 87.73 mg/kg, 3.39 to 25.09 mg/kg, 2.48 to 17.39 mg/kg and 5.77 to 50.81 mg/kg, respectively. The variables studied showed significant spatial heterogeneity (General Linear Model, ANOVA, P < 0.05) among sites and metals. Transportation index (Ti) for Zn was >1 for all the species. The pH seemed to have the greatest effect on the solubility / retention of metals in soils thus, enhancing accumulation of metals.

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WANG, Shi-dong, Chang-hua LIU, and He-bing ZHANG. "Suitability evaluation for land reclamation in mining area: A case study of Gaoqiao bauxite mine." Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China 21 (December 2011): s506—s515. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1003-6326(12)61633-1.

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Machado, Naiara Amaral de Miranda, Mariangela Garcia Praça Leite, Maurílio Assis Figueiredo, and Alessandra Rodrigues Kozovits. "Growing Eremanthus erythropappus in crushed laterite: A promising alternative to topsoil for bauxite-mine revegetation." Journal of Environmental Management 129 (November 2013): 149–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2013.07.006.

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Zhang, Yusong, Jie Zhang, Lin Wu, Lin Tan, Fei Xie, and Jiangguo Cheng. "Extraction of lithium and aluminium from bauxite mine tailings by mixed acid treatment without roasting." Journal of Hazardous Materials 404 (February 2021): 124044. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.124044.

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