Journal articles: 'Battery powered lawn mower'

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Grossi, Nicola, Marco Fontanelli, Elisa Garramone, Andrea Peruzzi, Michele Raffaelli, Michel Pirchio, Luisa Martelloni, et al. "Autonomous Mower Saves Energy and Improves Quality of Tall Fescue Lawn." HortTechnology 26, no. 6 (December 2016): 825–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech03483-16.

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Battery-powered autonomous mowers are designed to reduce the need of labor for lawn mowing compared with traditional endothermic engine mowers and at the same time to abate local emissions and noise. The aim of this research was to compare autonomous mower with traditional rotary mower on a tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea) lawn under different nitrogen (N) rates. A two-way factor experimental design with three replications was adopted. In the study, four N rates (0, 50, 100, and 150 kg·ha−1) and two mowing systems (autonomous mower vs. gasoline-powered walk-behind rotary mower equipped for mulching) were used. As expected, N fertilization increased turf quality. At the end of the trial, the autonomous mower increased turf density (3.2 shoots/cm2) compared with the rotary mower (2.1 shoots/cm2) and decreased average leaf width (2.1 mm) compared with the rotary mower (2.7 mm). Increased density and decreased leaf width with autonomous mowing yielded higher quality turf (7.3) compared with the rotary mower (6.4) and a lower weed incidence (6% and 9% cover for autonomous mower and rotary mower, respectively). Disease incidence and mowing quality were unaffected by the mowing system. The autonomous mower working time was set to 10 hours per day (≈7.8 hours for mowing and 2.2 hours for recharging) for a surface of 1296 m2. The traditional rotary mower working time for the same surface was 1.02 hours per week. The estimated primary energy consumption for autonomous mower was about 4.80 kWh/week compared with 12.60 kWh/week for gasoline-powered rotary mowing. Based on turf quality aspects and energy consumption, the use of autonomous mowers could be a promising alternative to traditional mowers.

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Blomberg, Leslie, and Dave Trezza. "The evolution of quiet lawn mowers and their impact on community noise and hearing conservation." INTER-NOISE and NOISE-CON Congress and Conference Proceedings 263, no. 2 (August 1, 2021): 4896–902. http://dx.doi.org/10.3397/in-2021-2877.

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Noise measurements of more than 600 lawn mowers were made at 25 feet and at the operator's ear between 2004 and 2021. These data are presented and compared with the measurement of more than 60 mowers in 1973 by the US EPA. With the exception of electric lawn mowers, very little progress has been made quieting lawn mowers. Electric lawn mowers are significantly quieter than gas mowers. Recently, with improvements in battery technology, the performance of electric mowers has improved significantly. There are currently electric push, self-propelled, and ride-on mowers with comparable performance to gas powered mowers. Finally, the impacts of lawn mower noise on community noise and hearing conservation are discussed.

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Sivaraman, Deepak, and Angela S. Lindner. "A Comparative Life Cycle Analysis of Gasoline-, Battery-, and Electricity-Powered Lawn Mowers." Environmental Engineering Science 21, no. 6 (November 2004): 768–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/ees.2004.21.768.

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YVON, K., and J. LORENZONI. "Hydrogen-powered lawn mower." International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 18, no. 4 (April 1993): 345–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0360-3199(93)90049-g.

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KISHORE, P. S. V., KUMAR P. SURESH, DASH SMRUTI, and K. RAMESH. "SOLAR POWERED OBSTACLE AVOIDING LAWN MOWER." i-manager’s Journal on Electrical Engineering 12, no. 2 (2018): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.26634/jee.12.2.14169.

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Pirchio, Michel, Marco Fontanelli, Fabio Labanca, Mino Sportelli, Christian Frasconi, Luisa Martelloni, Michele Raffaelli, et al. "Energetic Aspects of Turfgrass Mowing: Comparison of Different Rotary Mowing Systems." Agriculture 9, no. 8 (August 11, 2019): 178. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture9080178.

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Turfgrass mowing is one of the most important operations concerning turfgrass maintenance. Over time, different mowing machines have been developed, such as reel mowers, rotary mowers, and flail mowers. Rotary mowers have become the most widespread mowers for their great versatility and easy maintenance. Modern rotary mowers can be equipped with battery-powered electric motors and precise settings, such as blade rpm. The aim of this trial was to evaluate the differences in power consumption of a gasoline-powered rotary mower and a battery-powered rotary mower. Each mower worked on two different turfgrass species (bermudagrass and tall fescue) fertilized with two different nitrogen rates (100 and 200 kg ha−1). The battery-powered mower was set at its lowest and highest blade rpm value, while the gasoline-powered mower was set at full throttle. From the data acquired, it was possible to see that the gasoline-powered mower had a much higher primary energy requirement, independent of the turf species. Moreover, comparing the electricity consumption of the battery-powered mower over time, it was possible to see that the power consumption varied according to the growth rate of both turf species. These results show that there is a partial waste of energy when using a gasoline-powered mower compared to a battery-powered mower.

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Mithari, Vijay. "A PLC Based Solar Powered Automatic Lawn Mower." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 7, no. 4 (April 30, 2019): 139–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2019.4025.

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YVON, K., and J. LORENZONI. "Hydrogen-powered lawn mower: 14 years of operation." International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 31, no. 12 (September 2006): 1763–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2005.12.012.

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Hottinger, Daniel G., Isam Nasr, Joseph K. Canner, Deepa Kattail, Rahul Koka, and Deborah Schwengel. "Incidence, Distribution, and Cost of Lawn-Mower Injuries in the United States, 2006-2013." Public Health Reports 133, no. 5 (August 1, 2018): 570–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0033354918785909.

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Objectives: Characterization of the epidemiology and cost of lawn-mower injuries is potentially useful to inform injury prevention and health policy efforts. We examined the incidence, distribution, types and severity, and emergency department (ED) and hospitalization charges of lawn-mower injuries among all age groups across the United States. Methods: This retrospective, cross-sectional study used nationally representative, population-based (all-payer) data from the US Nationwide Emergency Department Sample for lawn-mower–related ED visits and hospitalizations from January 1, 2006, through December 31, 2013. Lawn-mower injuries were identified by using International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification code E920 (accidents caused by a powered lawn mower). We analyzed data on demographic characteristics, age, geographic distribution, type of injury, injury severity, and hospital charges. Results: We calculated a weighted estimate of 51 151 lawn-mower injuries during the 8-year study period. The most common types of injuries were lacerations (n = 23 907, 46.7%), fractures (n = 11 433, 22.4%), and amputations (n = 11 013, 21.5%). The most common injury locations were wrist or hand (n = 33 477, 65.4%) and foot or toe (n = 10 122, 19.8%). Mean ED charges were $2482 per patient, and mean inpatient charges were $36 987 per patient. The most common procedures performed were wound irrigation or debridement (n = 1436, 29.9%) and amputation (n = 1230, 25.6%). Conclusions: Lawn-mower injuries occurred at a constant rate during the study period. Changes to nationwide industry safety standards are needed to reduce the frequency and severity of these preventable injuries.

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Sinha, Yomesh, and S. M. Mathur. "Development and Performance Evaluation of Solar Powered Lawn Mower." International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences 9, no. 5 (May 10, 2020): 3378–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2020.905.401.

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Pirchio, Michel, Marco Fontanelli, Fabio Labanca, Christian Frasconi, Luisa Martelloni, Michele Raffaelli, Andrea Peruzzi, et al. "Comparison between Different Rotary Mowing Systems: Testing a New Method to Calculate Turfgrass Mowing Quality." Agriculture 8, no. 10 (October 2, 2018): 152. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture8100152.

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Poor quality in turfgrass mowing is highlighted by the shredded leaf tips with necrotic tissues that give an unsightly brownish colour to the turf and may also lead to turf disease. Mowing quality is also typically assessed by visual rating, thus the score depends on the person doing the assessment. To make the evaluation of mowing quality not subjective, an innovative method was developed. The aim of the trial was to examine the effects of different mowing systems and two different nitrogen rates (100 and 200 kg ha−1) on two turfgrass species in order to test the new mowing quality calculation. Three different mowing systems were used: a battery-powered rotary mower set at 3000 rpm and 5000 rpm respectively and a gasoline-powered rotary mower set at full throttle. The battery-powered mower at low blade rpm produced a poorer mowing quality and turf quality than the gasoline-powered mower and battery-powered mower at high rpm, which produced a similar mowing quality and turf quality. Leaf tip damage level values showed a significant correlation with the results of the visual mowing quality assessment. Lower leaf tip damage level values (slightly above 1) corresponded to higher visual mowing quality scores (around 8).

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Ohoiwutun, John. "RANCANG BANGUN MESIN PEMOTONG RUMPUT TENAGA SURYA UNTUK NAVIGASI." Electro Luceat 1, no. 1 (May 14, 2015): 5–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.32531/jelekn.v1i1.4.

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Utilization of conventional energy sources such as coal, fuel oil, natural gas and others on the one hand has a low operating cost, but on the other side of the barriers is the greater source of diminishing returns and, more importantly, the emergence of environmental pollution problems dangerous to human life. This study aims to formulate the kinematics and dynamics to determine the movement of Solar Power Mower. In this study, using solar power as an energy source to charge the battery which then runs the robot. Design and research was conducted in the Department of Mechanical Workshop Faculty of Engineering, University of Hasanuddin of Gowa. Control system used is a manual system using radio wave transmitter and receiver which in turn drive the robot in the direction intended. Experimental results showed that treatment with three variations of the speed of 6.63 m / s, 8.84 m / s and 15.89 m / sec then obtained the best results occur in grass cutting 15.89 sec and high-speed cutting grass 5 cm. Formulation of kinematics and dynamics for lawn mowers, there are 2 control input variables, x and y ̇ ̇ 3 to control the output variables x, y and θ so that there is one variable redudant. Keywords: mobile robots, lawn mower, solar power

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Sondhiya, Nitesh Kumar. "Solar Based Grass Cutter." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, no. VI (June 20, 2021): 1490–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.35307.

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As the current problem of environment and noise pollution, we made a small effort to solve this problem. A solar based grass cutter is used to cut the Grass basically in lawn or garden. In this research the proper sizing of solar panel, charge Controller, battery, DC motor were calculated. The maintenance cost has been reduced by using this machine. Proper design of solar panel, battery, charge controller was by catia modelling. Cutting of grass is more time consuming and labour cost. The highly strength blades are used for cutting grass which is powered by DC motor. The present research gives the solution for quick process of cutting grass in order to make environment beautiful.

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Sportelli, Mino, Luisa Martelloni, Aura Orlandi, Michel Pirchio, Marco Fontanelli, Christian Frasconi, Michele Raffaelli, Andrea Peruzzi, Salvatore Brunello Consorti, and Paolo Vernieri. "Autonomous Mower Management Systems Efficiency Improvement: Analysis of Greenspace Features and Planning Suggestions." Agriculture 9, no. 6 (June 3, 2019): 115. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture9060115.

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Autonomous mowers are battery-powered machines designed to mow turfgrass autonomously and continuously improving turfgrass quality and helping the person who takes care of the turf to save time and energy. However, autonomous mowers work in a way that sometimes does not match with the greenspace’s design. The aim of this study was to analyze greenspace features that can be a hindrance for autonomous mowers in order to provide greenspaces design suggestions and management solutions when using an autonomous mowing system. Seven greenspaces managed by autonomous mowers ranging from 200–9000 m2 were selected and studied. Interviews with the owners and on-site inspections were carried out to understand if manual interventions were required and to identify local plant communities. The results of the interviews showed that manual finishing work such as mowing grass along curbs and walls was needed in all the cases. Some cases needed manual interventions since autonomous mowers got stuck on because of shallow tree roots. Among the seven areas studied, the largest was chosen to be thoroughly analyzed in order to suggest two alternative design and management solutions and to carry out an economical comparison with the current state. When the inspection of this area was carried out, three autonomous mowers were used. Analyzing different management solutions showed that using only two autonomous mowers with specific technological devices was more advantageous. The costs of the current management solution using three autonomous mowers exceeded the costs of the suggested scenarios respectively of 2118.79 € and of 1451.15 €. Moreover, redesigning greenspaces with curbs slightly lower than grass and choosing trees with tap-root systems will help to avoid manual interventions. In this way, the efficiency of autonomous mowers will be enhanced, helping to obtain all the benefits derived from using autonomous mowers.

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Shiver, Christopher B. "Forensic Engineering Investigation Of Lawnmower Seat Switch Malfunction." Journal of the National Academy of Forensic Engineers 26, no. 2 (January 1, 2009). http://dx.doi.org/10.51501/jotnafe.v26i2.714.

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Examination Of A Commercial Riding Mower Found Intermittent Function Of Seat Interlock Switch In That Powered Rotation Of Blades And Drive Wheels Would Occasionally Occur When Operator Left Seat. Testing Confirmed That This Magneto Shorting Seat Switch Would Occasionally Show Open Or High Resistance Across Contacts When Plunger Was Released By Seat. Evidence Of Opposing Expert Alleged Switch Plunger Binding Due To Galling Was Not Revealed During Testing. The Mower Design Resulted In Leaking Battery Acid Contaminating The Seat Switch Terminals. Extensive Switch Testing And Analysis (Including Dynamic x-Ray Viewing, Sem Imaging And Energy Dispersion, And Chemical Sampling) Revealed Sulfuric Acid Contamination And Corrosion Of Switch Internal Contacts That Inhibited Consistent Electrical Continuity. Concluded Was That Mower Design And Maintenance, Rather Than Off The Shelf Switch Design Flaw Was Cause Of Accident, Which Affected The Civil Trial Outcome.

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"Design and Fabrication of Semi-Automated Lawn Mower." VOLUME-8 ISSUE-10, AUGUST 2019, REGULAR ISSUE 8, no. 10 (August 10, 2019): 943–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.35940/ijitee.j9092.0881019.

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Evolution of early period to the modern period is mainly due to the advancement in technologies. Every field has its own development in their innovations. Agriculture is the major field, where technological advancement is required for the development. Major purpose of our paper is to establish a new kind of Lawnmower. Here we have developed a semi-automated lawnmower which may be a replacement for commercial manual lawnmower that is being used widely .This device doesn’t require any manpower for their operation, it can be operated by an android device. Commercial lawnmowers are bulkier and are not compatible, but this device is compatible and light-weight. Since it is made up of UPVC(Un-plasticized polyvinyl chloride).Generally alternating current or fuels are used as a power source for commercial lawnmowers whereas this device can be operated by means of battery or solar source.

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"Infra Red Assisted Navigation for Automatic Lawn Mower Robot." International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering 8, no. 2S11 (November 2, 2019): 2273–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.35940/ijrte.b1251.0982s1119.

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The mobile robotics industries moving forward with innovative approach to solve the humanitarian problems. In this work, the scope is limited to cleaning backyard and front yard landscaping; the maintenance of these premises are mundane tasks which takes up lot of human effort and consumes time. Tasks like mow grass and dusting off the dead leaf’s using gardening robot for lawns and play grounds could be given to robot for effective maintenance. In this work a cost-effective method of navigation and boundary defining of the lawn/play ground is attempted. A set of defined mowing operation is coded in the robot for path planning and boundary defining of the target. Robot docking station is done using same boundary wire technique for charging the battery and resuming the work as required. The lawn mower estimate distance moved using ground speed sensor

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Hetrick, Todd M., Suzanne A. Smyth, Russell A. Ogle, and Juan C. Ramirez. "Evaluating the Potential for Gasoline Geysering From Small Engine Fuel Tanks." ASCE-ASME J Risk and Uncert in Engrg Sys Part B Mech Engrg 4, no. 2 (October 3, 2017). http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.4037866.

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This paper explores an infrequently encountered hazard associated with liquid fuel tanks on gasoline-powered equipment using unvented fuel tanks. Depending on the location of fuel reserve tanks, waste heat from the engine or other vehicle systems can warm the fuel during operation. In the event that the fuel tank is not vented and if the fuel is sufficiently heated, the liquid fuel may become superheated and pose a splash hazard if the fuel cap is suddenly removed. Accident reports often describe the ejection of liquid as a geyser. This geyser is a transient, two-phase flow of flashing liquid. This could create a fire hazard and result in splashing flammable liquid onto any bystanders. Many existing fuel tank systems are vented to ambient through a vented tank cap. It has been empirically determined that the hazard can be prevented by limiting fuel tank gauge pressure to 10 kPa (1.5 psi). However, if the cap does not vent at an adequate rate, pressure in the tank can rise and the fuel can become superheated. This phenomenon is explored here to facilitate a better understanding of how the hazard is created. The nature of the hazard is explained using thermodynamic concepts. The differences in behavior between a closed system and an open system are discussed and illustrated through experimental results obtained from two sources: experiments with externally heated fuel containers and operation of a gasoline-powered riding lawn mower. The role of the vented fuel cap in preventing the geyser phenomenon is demonstrated.

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Raina, Vikas, Ranjana Thalore, and Jeetu Sharma. "Performance Estimation of a Wireless Sensor Network with a Mobile Sink Moving in Different Trajectories at Different Velocities." Recent Advances in Computer Science and Communications 13 (December 11, 2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/2666255813666191211115247.

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Background: Throughout the past few years numerous Medium Access Control (MAC) protocols, routing protocols, node deployment mechanisms and duty cycle variation schemes have been designed for achieving high throughput, low delay and jitter, and long network lifetime in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). In a WSN with static sink, voluminous sensors transmit their sensed data to the sink node. The coordinators mutually present in the range of sensors and sink have to forward the plentiful of packets which causes rapid depletion of their battery. These coordinators become dead too early resulting in the breakage of communication channel and formation of energy holes. However, to save energy with static sink the duty cycle should be short. A mobile sink is a better option than a static sink if the duty cycle is long, as it balances energy consumption among the sensors. It is well observed that mobile sink is capable of acquiring homogeneous energy depletion leading to stretched lifetime enhancing network performance. Method: The vital benefaction of this paper is to present a simulation based analysis of the network performance with a mobile sink having different trajectories of path traversed at different velocities. The intent is to find out the most appropriate and efficient trajectory and a particular velocity for a specific WSN with 100 nodes. The terrain area of the network is 210×210 m2 with the communication range of 20 m. The routing, network and MAC protocols implemented are Ad hoc On-Demand Distance Vector (AODV), Internet Protocol version 4 (IPv4) and Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.15.4 respectively. This paper has evaluated and analyzed the influence of lawn mower, elliptical and circular trajectories of a mobile sink moving at the different velocities of 0.5, 1 and 2 m/s. The optimum performance is achieved at the velocity of 2 m/s for circular trajectory of the mobile sink. It is observed that performance has significantly varied with the variation of trajectories and velocities. The notion of precise utilization of sink mobility improves the performance than a static sink. It is equally important to determine the most effective mechanism to implement mobile sinks and to find out the most appropriate scheme out of them. Results: The attainment parameters just as total messages received, average end to end delay (seconds), jitter (seconds), throughput (bits per second), number of packets dropped, number of packets dropped due to channel access failure, residual battery (mAh) and network lifetime (hours) for different trajectories such as lawn mower, elliptical and circular at different speeds of 0.5, 1 and 2 m/s of the sink node are evaluated and compared. The simulation results present that the circular trajectory and the velocity of 2 m/s has provided the optimum performance. Conclusion: The objective is to precisely analyze and evaluate the influence of different trajectories of a mobile sink moving at different velocities in a WSN of 100 nodes to determine the most effective and appropriate trajectory and velocity to optimize the attainments. The intent is to uniform the power exhaustion amidst the sensors. The purpose is to gain the attention of researchers to this field to significantly contribute in novel research.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Battery powered lawn mower'

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