Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Bassin ouest de la Méditerranée'
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Guillaume, Claude P. "Les petits Lacertidés du bassin méditerranéen occidental (genera Podarcis et Archaeolacerta essentiellement) : sur quelques problèmes d'ordre systématique et biogéographique." Montpellier 2, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987MON20221.
Full textAlcaraz, Françoise. "Les terrasses méditerranéennes, entre terroirs et paysages (nord-ouest du bassin méditerranéen)." Toulouse 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999TOU20001.
Full textMorvillez, Éric. "Forme et évolution des salles de réception des grandes demeures tardives du bassin Méditerranéen occidental." Paris 4, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA040026.
Full textThe present doctoral thesis seeks to make an inventory of the various forms of reception rooms of large late residences in the western Mediterranean area, between the IVth and VIth centuries a. C. , in order to analyze the perceptible evolution of architectural modes. This study associates town houses and villas. The first part is based on the study of time related texts which illustrate the various types of reception given by the ruling classes in order to better understand the areas which accommodate them (clients audiences, banquets, receptions in towns and rural estates). Reception rooms descriptions were investigated to establish the criteria that were considered as important by contemporaries and also to extract complementary information on furniture and room decoration. The second part deals with the evolution problem of banquet furniture in late antiquity. It has been shown that traditional use of triclinium in t+u has lasted partly. But the diffusion of semicircular couches (stibadium) influenced the architectural forms. These apses feature the common form of triclinia. These may be added to former quadrangular rooms. To hold several couches, there was a trend to multiply apses in order to create ceremonial dining rooms. In some cases, with two apses (bichonches), more often with three apses (triconches), sometimes with five or more apses, in the cases of larger residences. Our third part successively discusses the various room forms showing their features, lasting quadrangular form, apsidal forms (apse rooms, triconch, polyapsidal rooms, semicircular exedrae) and. .
Maraoui, Telmini Boutheina. "Les vases biberons puniques dans le bassin occidental de la Méditerranée : monographie d'une forme." Aix-Marseille 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996AIX10126.
Full textThis thesis deals with a monography having the shape of punic ceramics called feeding bottles. This shape has been regulary diffused since the end of the vth century b. C. (or the begining of the ivth century b. C. ) throughout all the punic sites of the occidental mediterranean until the destruction of carthage. The typology of this shape, as well as the chronological and the decoration information, allow to determine the origins of the main varieties beyond a certain geographical distribution that reflects the most important regional characteristics inside the punic world. In addition, they have permitted to detemine the most important components of the punic civilization. The latter can be distinguished by a certain kind of originality which can be seen in the typical uses assigned to these feeding bottles by the punics in the antique times
Oualidi, Jalal El. "Biosystématique et taxinomie des "Teucrium" de la section "Polium (Lamiaceae)" dans le bassin méditerranéen occidental : différents aspects de la variation au Maroc, en France et en Espagne." Montpellier 2, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991MON20190.
Full textGueguen, Erwan. "Segmentation des marges et processus d'amincissement crustal : l'exemple du bassin liguro-provencal." Brest, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995BRES2035.
Full textCholakian, Arineh. "Evolution de la composition chimique de l’atmosphère au-dessus du bassin Méditerranéen : forçages, mécanismes et scénarios." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2018. https://wo.app.u-paris.fr/cgi-bin/WebObjects/TheseWeb.woa/wa/show?t=5441&f=39753.
Full textSubject to numerous anthropogenic (gaseous and particulate atmospheric pollution burden) and natural (desert dust events ...) forcings, but also heavily populated on its shores, the Mediterranean is recognized as a region particularly sensitive to the evolution of atmospheric pollutants and climate change. Today, the assessment of the future composition of the atmosphere in the Mediterranean is a major environmental and health issue. In particular, the simulation of the secondary organic aerosol (SOA) in the western basin remains little discussed in the literature, particularly because of the complexity of the subject. The ChArMEx (Chemistry-Aerosol MEditerranean Experiment) intensive campaign, which aims to scientifically evaluate the current and future state of the Mediterranean atmospheric environment, has given us the opportunity to improve our understanding of the organic fraction as well as total aerosols over the Mediterranean, using a 3D modeling approach. As a first step, different simulation schemes of organic aerosols (OA) taking into account the evolution of the semi-volatile organic compounds in the atmosphere (functionalization versus fragmentation), as well as the formation of the non-volatile SOA, have been implemented in the CHIMERE model. The comparison of these schemes with the measurements make it possible to highlight the main sources of OA formation in the western basin of the Mediterranean and to define the configuration of the most appropriate scheme for the simulation of this aerosol. We found that the scheme that takes into account the non-volatile SOA fragmentation and formation processes fits best to the mass cocnentration, oxidation state, and origin of the OA measured in the ChArMEx project, especially in Cap Corse and Mallorca. Subsequently, we utilized the CHIMERE model in order to present a detailed look at the future conditions of the Mediterranean basin. Future scenarios proposing different intensities for climate change have been investigated. In particular, the isolated effects of different drivers (regional climate, anthropogenic emissions and long-distance transport) have been identified, and the share of each in the evolution of the composition of the atmosphere for the main components of particulate matter has been estimated. In order to quantify the effect of the change of the scheme used for the simulation of the OA on future scenarios, 15 years of historic simulations and 15 years of future simulations were performed with three different OA simulation schemes. The results show that the percentage change in biogenic SOA can be underestimated by a factor of 2 in a simple scheme for the simulation of the SOA, compared to a scheme taking into account the functionalization, fragmentation and formation of non-volatile SOA. In order to bring a more regional perspective on the Mediterranean coasts, 5 years of simulations have been carried out on the PACA region on the south-eastern coasts of France, in order to study the exposure of the population to atmospheric pollutants, as well as the combined impact of demographic evolution (population change) and future atmospheric scenarios on this exposure in two case studies at the 2030 and 2050 horizons. The results show that the individual exposure as well as the cumulative exposure of the population decreases for most atmospheric compounds. On the other hand, the risk associated with the exposure of the entire population to ozone, biogenic SOA and desert dust could increase over large parts of the region, particularly in urban areas with high levels of population growth
Zettam, Amin. "Transfert des nitrates du bassin versant de la Tafna (Nord-Ouest de l'Algérie) vers la mer Méditerranée - approche couplant mesures, modélisation et changement d'échelle vers les grands bassins versants Nord africains." Phd thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2018. http://oatao.univ-toulouse.fr/20542/1/ZETTAM.pdf.
Full textHallemans, Elise. "Étude de la formation, du vieillissement et de la composition chimique de l'aérosol organique secondaire dans le bassin méditerranéen." Thesis, Paris Est, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PESC1122/document.
Full textSecondary Organic Aerosol or « SOA » is formed in the atmosphere by oxidative process of volatile organic compounds (VOC). Gaps in knowledge of SOA formation and evolution pathways and of molecular characterization still exist. These aspects are an important source of uncertainties and can explain the underestimation of SOA budget calculated by models. In order to give new insights on these issues, the Mediterranean basin appears like an ideal area to study SOA. Actually, this region is characterized by high photochemistry, above all during summer season, and by intense VOC biogenic and anthropogenic emissions implying the formation of SOA in the atmosphere. In this context, two field campaigns have been performed in the frame of Canopée and ChArMEx projects.Thanks to a sampling and analyzing method by TD-GC/MS, the characterization of organic fraction enables one to determine more than one hundred compounds from C2 to C18 in gaseous and particulate phases. In combination with traditional datasets (PTR-MS, AMS), new insights were brought in reactivity of gaseous oxygenated compounds with OH radical, in chemical composition of organic material in particulate phase and about the contribution of various precursors to the capacity to form SOA. The determination of experimental and theoretical partitioning coefficients gives new information on SOA representation in models
Lymer, Gaël. "Interactions entre tectonique crustale, tectonique salifère et sédimentation : la marge occidentale du bassin tyrrhénien." Thesis, Lille 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LIL10176/document.
Full textIn the Western Tyrrhenian Basin, rifting of the Eastern-Sardinian margin started during the middle to late In the Western Tyrrhenian Basin, rifting of the Eastern-Sardinian margin started during the middle to late Miocene times, due to back-arc extension following the eastward migration of the Apennine subduction system. The Western Tyrrhenian Basin has also been affected by the Messinian Salinity Crisis (MSC), which generated evaporitic deposits, particularly a thick mobile salt layer. Based on the interpretation of the new METYSS seismic data (Messinian Event in the TYrrhenian from Seismic Study), this work aims at a better understanding the modalities of the MSC, the relationships between crustal tectonics and salt tectonics, and the geodynamic evolution of the Eastern-Sardinian margin.The results lead to a detailed map of the MSC seismic markers (depositional units and remarkable surfaces). These markers provide spatiotemporal indicators and allow to constrain the structural analysis. Along the margin the major crustal stage is pre-MSC. Thus rifting of the margin occurred before the MSC and did not continue until Pliocene times, as previously considered. Moreover, this study evidences post-MSC crustal motions, well distinct from the rifting stage and linked to post-rift reactivation of the margin. This second crustal stage is various and complex; it reactivated crustal normal fault that had formed during rifting, but also generated crustal compressional structures. In some places, tilting of the pre-MSC basement triggered some salt tectonics
Wicha, Stéphanie. "Caractérisation d'un groupe d'épaves antiques de Méditerranée présentant un assemblage des membrures par ligatures végétales : approche architecturale et paléobotanique." Aix-Marseille 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005AIX10098.
Full textDavies, Joanne E. "Le cycle biogéochimique du manganèse en Méditerranée occidentale." Paris 11, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA112217.
Full textLartigot, Anne-Sophie. "Taphonomie pollinique en grotte de sédiments détritiques et de spéléothèmes : potentiels et limites pour la reconstitution de l'environnement végétal de l'homme préhistorique sur le pourtour Nord-Ouest méditerranéen : Application aux sites français de la Caune de l'Arago (Tautavel, Pyrénées-Orientales), de la Baume Bonne (Quinson, Alpes-de-Haute-Provence), de la grotte du Lazaret (Nice, Alpes-Maritimes) et de la grotte italienne de la Basura (Toirano, Ligurie)." Paris, Muséum national d'histoire naturelle, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007MNHN0029.
Full textPalynological analyses carried on four middle and upper pleistocene mediterranean caves brought new palaeoenvironmental and palaeoclimatic data in this area. Sterility and inconsistency cases in the pollinic spectra were encountered, due to several taphonomic processes, such as the granulometry, deposition mode or physicochemical instability of the sediments. The majority of the valid results come from speleothems, which seem to be most favorable for palynological analysis in archaeological context. They form closed systems, thus preventing any contamination. The evaluation of the taphonomic factors affecting the pollen fall underlines the limits and potentials of this support. Their formation pattern makes complementary multidisciplinary analyses possible, by resetting them chronologically and by specifying the new palynological data obtained, mostly from local sources
Fauquette, Séverine. "Le climat du pliocène : nouvelle méthode de quantification basée sur les données polliniques et application à la Méditerranée occidentale." Aix-Marseille 3, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998AIX30048.
Full textMurat, Anne. "Enregistrement sédimentaire des paléoenvironnements quaternaires en Méditerranée orientale." Perpignan, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PERP0138.
Full textCourp, Thierry. "Flux et bilans de matière dans un environnement de marge continentale : la marge nord-occidentale méditerranéenne." Perpignan, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PERP0096.
Full textGermain, Claire. "Les sucres marqueurs de transferts de matière : application d'une nouvelle méthode chromatographique à l'étude de la marge nord-occidentale méditerranéenne." Perpignan, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PERP0141.
Full textNjim, Adel. "Les vases à feu phéniciens et puniques de la Méditerranée occidentale." Aix-Marseille 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008AIX10032.
Full textJay-Robert, Pierre. "Dynamique des introgressions réciproques de la faune des scarabéides coprophages entre la zone méditerranéenne et la chaîne alpine : implications biogéographiques." Montpellier 3, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997MON30043.
Full textThe thesis was divided into two parts, each corresponding to a scale of analysis of the distribution of dung beetles. Firstly, the distribution of dung beetles in france was analysed considering successively the aphodiinae, geotrupinae and scarabaeidae groups. The geographical informations were extracted from the database of the atlas des scarabeides laparosticti de france (lumaret, 1990). Whereas aphodiinae and geotrupinae showed their good adaptation to the whole french climatic conditions, most of scarabaeidae species were quartered at the mediterranean area. The study of the corsican fauna highlighted the influence of the interspecific competition on the species distribution. In the second part, the author specifically studied an altitudinal gradient along the verdon valley, which was located on the borders of the alps and the mediterranean area. In this valley, the distribution of aphodiinae, geotrupinae, coprinae and scarabaeidae was successively analysed in five sites which were representative of the regional conditions. Interestingly, the distributional patterns of dung beetles at the regional scale was very similar to what was observed at the geographical scale of france. Coprinae took advantage of the mediterranean climatic conditions to be highly represented in the communities of high altitude, but the species have been affected by the recent forest expansion. Conversely, aphodiinae and geotrupinae were more ubiquitous, and several species were favoured by the forest environment. Along the altitudinal gradient, the communities did not constitute a gradual continuum, but the communities were as mosaic, each of them reflecting microenvironmental conditions
Cortès, José Luis. "Etude comparative des embarcations de pêche et de cabotage en Méditerranée occidentale : construction, familles typologiques et évolution de leur architecture navale du XVIIe siècle à la première moitié du XXe siècle." Paris, EPHE, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008EPHE4001.
Full textThe focus of our works is the small fishing and coastal trading coastal boats of the western Mediterranean between the XVIIth and the first half of XXth centuries. We attempt to add to knowledge of their technical and scientific history, showing how the typology of the boats differed between geographic areas. We described the conception and development of such boats as an interaction between prevailing physical and economic factors. The sources for our research were archaeological findings, ethnological and iconographical manuscripts, oral evidence. That enable us to show: hull design is the outcome of physical and economic constraints; the importance of two centers of development, Italy and Catalonia and the influence of these centers on surrounding areas; the practice, continued recently, of construction without plans using methods traditional to the local shipyards. Our intention in this research was not to be exhaustive but to establish a basis for further study and to identify directions for further investigation
Striby, Laurent. "Biogéochimie de la matière organique dans deux écosystèmes marins : Cas d'une structure physique unidimensionnelle verticale (mer Ligure) et d'une structure physique frontale (front Alméria-Oran) : Variations spatio-temporelles de la fraction lipidique à petite échelle." Aix-Marseille 2, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2000AIX22057.
Full textRenaud, Florent. "Accumulation, distribution, transformation et élimination par certains organismes marins côtiers d'un agent tensioactif anionique : le sulfonate d'alkylbenzene linéaire (LAS)." La Rochelle, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008LAROS228.
Full textLAS (Linear alkylbenzene Sulfonate) represent the group of synthetic surfactants that is most wide spread in detergent formulation and is used in most household (cleaning?) products. With more than one million tonnes produced annually, surfactants are largely disposed of in waste water and have been discharged into the aquatic environment with effluent for over 40 years. The fate of LAS in the marine environment is not well understood and the risk for organisms is thought to be negligible. Before drawing a contamination map of Mediterranean coasts by using existing biomonitoring programs, it is necessary to understand how marine species deal with LAS. This focus of this thesis is on characterising LAS bioaccumulation and elimination kinetics under controlled laboratory conditions, for organisms representative of the North-Occidental Mediterranean coast. Tested species come from different trophic levels: 5 species of microalgae, the Mediterranean mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis and the sea bream Sparus aurata. Results show LAS accumulation in all organisms exposed to natural concentration observed in the environment (< 10 µg l-1). Accumulation varies according to biotic (weight or physiological stat of organisms) and abiotic (temperature or exposure concentration). LAS are accumulated heterogeneously in organs and mainly in visceral mass or gall bladder. Whatever the contamination pathway (food or waterborne exposure) elimination from the body is fast when animals are placed in normal conditions
Liou, Bernard. "Pour une histoire du commerce maritime de l'Occident romain : études d'archéologie sous-marine et d'épigraphie amphorique : [thèse soutenue sur un ensemble de travaux]." Aix-Marseille 1, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990AIX10043.
Full textArraes-Mescoff, Roseana. "Etude du comportement des particules dans la colonne d'eau méditerranéenne avec l'utilisation des traceurs géochimiques et la modélisation : application au site DYFAMED." Toulouse 3, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000TOU30130.
Full textBen, Tahar Sami. "Les décors de la céramique punique en Méditerranée occidentale." Aix-Marseille 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005AIX10002.
Full textSelme, Jean-François. "Des utopies aux réalités contemporaines pour un modèle urbain européen applicable en Méditerranée occidentale." Nice, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989NICE2021.
Full textIf I must been compelled, in a first time, to understand the circumstances of the city beginning manner until our days, analysing urban traditional factors schemes, this propositions has wanted, in a second phase, make the connection on the development of a new urban dynamic allowing, by particular strengths, the espace of new socio-urban-schemes. Thus, after have made the definition of all ancestral relations between political, economic and socilogical systems, inducing shape and function of the city. I have wished to make an integration with contemporary data about cultural, moral and, particularly, psychological phenomenons intented for the twn safeguard, as a civilizing factor. This last prospecting is produced by synthesis between space and people and mediterranean landscape, those data involving, as a feed-back, a promotion, of urban shapes, giving an answer to particular "proxemies". Getting out of daily wants simple frame, my search want to add up with, of course necessary compromises, all of those data analysed and reckoned up, giving the most subtle access of the urban way life. I order to avoid utoppia reef, those data are perfectly applied on a settled nice sector for a comppled demonstration, allowing the justifiable proceeding confirmation
Magnin, Frédéric. "Mollusques continentaux et histoire quaternaire des milieux méditerranéens (sud-est de la France, Catalogne)." Aix-Marseille 2, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991AIX23000.
Full textThe study of ecology and biogeography of present molluscan communities from provence and southern alps allows to bring out the main factors which should be taken into account for the palaeoecological interpretation of quaternary malacofauna. These are climate, vegetation structure, interspecific competition, and biogeographic heritage. The response of malacological communities to the pleistocene climatic variations could be interpreted in term of altitudinal sliding of bioclimatic levels. During the holodend, man impact promote the spreading of open-country mediterranean malacofauna
Miralles, Jérôme. "Etude couplée des radionucléides isotopes stables du plomb en Méditerranée occidentale." Aix-Marseille 3, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004AIX30008.
Full textThe aim of this work is to identified an environmental deposit able to have stored the atmospheric signal over large time-scale leaning our investigations on lead stable isotopes (206Pb, 207Pb, 208Pb) and radionuclide (210Pb, 137Cs, 239Pu, 240Pu) analysis. Owing to prior studies on anthropogenic lead sources, emission intensity and sedimentary accumulation, we choose to investigate the marine sediments of the Western Mediterranean. In the Gulf of Lions, the sedimentary accumulation is 101±17 [micro]g. Cm-2 high in good agreement with the atmospheric inventory estimate we made from saltmarshes of Camargue (105±11 g. Cm-2). The reconstructed lead accumulation through a modelling step coupling 210Pb and stable isotopes corroborates the regional anthropogenic emissions (Ferrand, 1996). Briefly, in this context of the marine sediments are a relevant proxy to study past lead atmospheric concentration over the last hundred years. In the Alboran Sea, the study area is less constrained and more complex in terms of climatic meteorological and hydrological conditions. The sedimentary inventory is of 153±47 [micro]g. Cm-2, 1,5 higher than in the margin sediments of the Gulf of Lions. The analysis of aerosols, sediments and settling particles evidences a continuity between the atmospheric signal and the sedimentary record. In spite of this encouraging results, the knowledge of the Alboran system is still too restricted in order to unambiguously conclude on accuracy of deep marine sediments of this area to study past atmospheric fallouts
Laine, Laurianne. "Organisation de l'ichtyofaune en fonction du confinement dans les milieux paraliques de Méditerranée occidentale." Montpellier 2, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003MON20191.
Full textAubert, Catherine. "Les importations métalliques chypriotes en Méditerranée occidentale, de la fin de l'âge de bronze à l'époque orientalisante." Aix-Marseille 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989AIX10027.
Full textArbach, Jamal Eddine. "Le domaine maritime en occident musulman a l'epoque almohade (douzieme et treizieme siecles)." Toulouse 2, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996TOU20015.
Full textThe maritime sector of the islamic occident during the almohad century is by not means as indigenous as it is often made out to have been. The provided informations contradict some interpretations that reduce this sector to only a few activities. The almohad's caliph created and imposed a new dynamic into the region by stressing ambitious maritime politic. Taking up the tradition of the fatimid navy in ifriqiya, of the umayyad navy in al andalus and the almoravid navy, the almohad's caliph aimed at ruling the occidental part of the mediterranean the thesis aims at making these politic public and, at the same time, introducing the protagonists, technics and the many overlapping events. The mu'minid's caliph built and maintained an important fleet that asserted itself as the most important naval power in the occidental mediterranean at the begining of thirteenth century. By that they created a modus vivendi on the sea. Due to this new security, the seemen of andalusian and maghrebin cost were able to initiate renewed activities that were linked to the sea. This contrasted the decades before the arrival of the almohads, whose downward economic situation had slowly reduced the inhabitants of the cost to their maritime horizon. This new dynamic was profitable for both the interrogional maritime trade as well as the transmediterranean trade with the autonomous cities state's of italy and became so important that exchange doubled in less than two centuries. Due to innumerous diplomatic, economic and political contacts the almohads were in the position to play the role of the largest occidental muslin state and to bear this responsability. We regard this double reality of a politic of two faces as an exceptional innovation in the islamic western
Boukli-Hacene, Soraya. "L'évolution des assemblages de foraminifères à la transition plate-forme/bassin : exemple du Messinien de Méditerranée occidentale." Aix-Marseille 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000AIX11063.
Full textCelle, Hélène. "Caractérisation des précipitations sur le pourtour de la Méditerranée occidentale : approche isotopique et chimique." Avignon, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000AVIG0026.
Full textGannier, Alexandre. "Les Cétacés de Méditerranée nord-occidentale : estimation de leur abondance et mise en relation de la variation saisonnière de leur distribution avec l'écologie du milieu." Paris, EPHE, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995EPHE3024.
Full textLévy, Marina. "Modelisation des processus biogeochimiques en mediterranee nord-occidentale. Cycle saisonnier et variabilite mesoechelle." Paris 6, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA066605.
Full textDenis, Lionel. "Dynamique des flux d'oxygène et de sels nutritifs à l'interface eau-sédiment sur la marge continentale du Golfe du Lion (Méditerranée Nord-Occidentale)." Aix-Marseille 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999AIX22076.
Full textChifflet, Marina. "Interprétation par modélisation des processus physiques et biologiques observés à courte échelle de temps sur la colonne d'eau : Application à la mer Ligure en Mai 1995 (Campagne Dynaproc)." Aix-Marseille 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000AIX22064.
Full textHoyez, Bernard. "Le Numidien et les flyschs oligo-miocènes de la bordure sud de la Méditerranée occidentale." Lille 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989LIL10015.
Full textEid, Cynthia Yaouté. "Le droit et les politiques de l'environnement dans les pays du bassin méditerranéen : approche de droit environnemental comparé." Paris 5, 2007. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00422285v2.
Full textEvin, Allowen. "Evolution phénotypique, phylogéographie et insularité des chauves-souris du bassin méditerranéen occidental." Paris, Muséum national d'histoire naturelle, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009MNHN0021.
Full textThe Mediterranean basin is one of the twenty-five world's biodiversity hotspots. Such a diversity is thought to result both from an important number of islands and from a complex geological and climatic history. The principal aim of this work was to improve our knowledge on the evolution of bats in the mediterranean basin. Two aspects of bats evolution were specifically investigated, using combination of molecular and morphometric approaches : the evolution on islands, with special emphasis on Corsica, and the evolution of species complexes (large Myotis,Pipistrellus and Plecotus). The main results are the following : (1) Corsican bat fauna appears to result from a heterogeneous assemblage of lineages originating from Europe and North-Africa. Remarkably, despite all insular populations included in this study exhibit phenotypic differences, only a few were found to be molecularly distinct from their mainland counterparts; (2) Overall, island evolution appears to be a prominent factor shaping the molecular and morphometric diversity observed throughout the Mediterranean basin; (3) The general lack of congruence between the molecular phylogenetic signal and the phenotypic structuration suggests that adaptive evolution might have contributed to the observed morphological diversification. Natural selection, potentially through feeding habits, could be responsible for the cases of phenotypic convergence documented in this study
Arnold, Maurice. "Géochimie et transport des aérosols métalliques au-dessus de la méditerranée occidentale." Paris 7, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985PA077002.
Full textAgapiou-Joséphidès, Kalliope. "La communauté européenne et le bassin méditerranéen : développement et sécurité." Paris 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA010269.
Full textAt the end of the millennium, which is important in geopolitical changes, the study of the euro-mediterrancan relationship is very interesting. The mediterranean due to its proximity, its strategic situation, and its ecologica fragility, has a far reaching importance for europe. The mediterranean policy of the community is one of the main chapters of its external relations. In spite of the continuous evolution of this policy, it does not seem capable of coping with tomorrow's challenges : demographic, developing and environmental challenges. In this region, development and security seem to be the two faces of a single coin. The redefinition of the security concept is made necessary by the end of the cold war, the changes in the geopolitical and strategic landscaping of europe, the evolution of the community toward a european union and the working out of a foreign and security common policy. The security parameters remain multiple and would be difficult to solve by a single strategic equation. A conference on security and cooperation in the mediterranean appears to be a "necessary utopia" to open a new era
Kada, Abderrazik. "Contribution à l'étude biosystématique de quelques espèces du genre Astragalus L. (Papilionaceae) du Bassin méditerranéen occidental." Toulouse 3, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991TOU30257.
Full textEl-Robrini, Maâmar. "Évolution morphostructurale de la marge algérienne occidentale (Méditerranée occidentale) : influence de la néotectonique et de la sédimentation." Paris 4, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA040091.
Full textFenerci-Masse, Mükerrem. "Les communautés à rudistes du crétacé inférieur de la marge ouest européenne de la Téthys." Aix-Marseille 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006AIX11037.
Full textDucasse, Laurent, and Pierre-Christophe Velasque. "Géotraverse dans la partie occidentale des Pyrénées, de l'avant-pays aquitain au bassin de l'Ebre : effet d'une inversion structurale sur l'édification d'une chaîne intracontinentale." Aix-Marseille 3, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988AIX30025.
Full textBellemlih, Saïda. "Stocks particulaires holocènes et bilans de matières dans un bassin fluviatile en domaine sédimentaire : le bassin du Négron, sud-ouest du Bassin parisien, France." Tours, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999TOUR4007.
Full textDenamiel, Cléa. "Modélisation hydrodynamique 3D en zone pré-littorale : Caractérisation des effets des houles de tempête sur la circulation océanique." Montpellier 2, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006MON20175.
Full textClassical coastal circulation models can not reproduce the strong measured three-dimensional currents during storm events, especially at the midshelf scale ( -2 m to -90 m depth) for microtidal seas. The aim of this study is to implement a 3D numerical model (RESYFE) which takes into account the swell effects on the circulation. This model couples REF/DIF and Symphonie models following the physics described by Mellor (2003). RESYFE model is first tested on academic cases in order to validate the numerical implementation. Secondly, in order to compare the model results with measurements, simulations are carried out on realistic cases : the storms of november 1999 in the Banyuls Bay, and of february 2004 off the Têt river. Thirdly, application of the model in the Gulf of Aigues-Mortes shows the effects of storms on sedimentary transport modeled according to Soulsby (1997). Finally, an application of the RESYFE model on an ancient (Jurassic) basin shows that this model can confirm the sedimentologic interpretations
Deschamps, Anne. "Contribution à l'étude de la formation du bassin ouest philippin : nouvelles données sur la bordure ouest et la dorsale fossile." Montpellier 2, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001MON20058.
Full textTorres, Escamez José. "Analyse détaillée du transfert de sédiment du continent vers le bassin : le quaternaire terminal au large du delta du Rhône (Méditerranée nord-occidentale)." Brest, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995BRES2028.
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