Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Basque language – Social aspects'
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Aiestaran, Jokin. "Aspects of language contact in Rioja Alavesa." Thesis, Bangor University, 2003. https://research.bangor.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/aspects-of-language-contact-in-rioja-alavesa(7f48c69f-b04f-417a-b5d0-3681f70ed105).html.
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The aim of this dissertation is to provide a global perspective of language contact in the Basque region of Rioja Alavesa. In this largely Spanish-speaking monolingual community, an incipient process of language change is occurring. The Basque language is being reintroduced in the area, mainly through the education system. This research seeks to analyze the effects of such language revitalization efforts implemented by the regional government of the Basque Autonomous Community in a traditionally non-Basque speaking area. For that purpose, aspects such as language competence and use, attitudes towards bilingualism and Basque, perceptions of language vitality and identity issues are examined. Chapter One introduces definitions and distinctions related to bilingualism and multilingualism. Terms and concepts relevant to this study are explained and discussed. Chapter Two and Three describe the bilingual situations in the Basque Country and Wales respectively. In chapter Two the geographical, linguistic and historical background is provided, and the situation of the Basque language is examined in detail. This supplies a contextμalization for the research. The description of bilingualism in Wales serves as a comparison with the Basque situation, with the aim of providing a wider perspective to the issues examined in this thesis. Chapter Four presents the methodology and procedures employed in the research investigation. The research tools include quantitative and qualitative methods. Individuals' perceptions of the situation of language contact in Rioja Alavesa were analyzed through interviews and observation work. Questionnaires were used to assess secondary and upper-secondary school students from the region. The results of the research investigation are examined in chapters Five, Six, Seven, Eight, Nine and Ten. Chapter Five introduces the interviews and the observation work carried out in the winter of 2001 in Rioja Alavesa. Chapter Six presents the overall results of the questionnaires, and sets the foundation for further research. In chapters Seven, Eight and Nine, comparisons between students are made, according to their bilingual teaching model, gender, age, and ability to speak Basque. Chapter Ten introduces a model of language contact in Rioja Alavesa. Chapter Eleven provides a summary of this thesis. It reviews the main aims of the thesis, and determines the originality of the research. Moreover, it discusses the major finding of the research and makes suggestions for further research. The limitations of the research are described next. Finally, the chapter examines implications of the research for language change in Rioja Alavesa.
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Hernández, Gómez Natalia. "The role of EITB as a driver of Basque culture among Basque millennials." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-21111.
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This study analyses the involvement of young Basque millennials with EITB, the Basque public media. Specifically, it focuses on knowing what these young people think of these media and revealing what their experience of engagement with television programming is. EITB was founded in 1982, years after the end of Franco’s dictatorship which, based on an ideology of extreme Spanish nationalism, persecuted any Basque cultural expression for decades. From its inception, this public broadcaster has sought to promote Basque culture and the Basque language and, after several years of development and growth, it is now facing new challenges arising from the digital era. In this context, the new forms of consumption, habits and the massive offer of audiovisual material force the public broadcaster to make an effort to reach their audiences and to make them loyal. In this sense, I will analyse which the paths that EITB uses to contact young millennials are and where its role as an agent for the social development of Basque culture lies.
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Egia, Uria Maria Luisa. "La mauvaise transmission de l'euskara et les changement psychosociologiques chez la femme basque." Toulouse 2, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992TOU20085.
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La culture basque, héritière de la vieille culture paléolithique, avait evolué sur la base d'un statut égalitaire de la santé physique et psychique. On faisait intervenir des rituels qui favorisaient l'émergence et la solution de conflits émotionnels conscients et inconscients. Les passages que constituent la naissance la sexualité et la mort étaient ritualisés et vécus comme des expériences naturelles dans un continuum vie-mort. Les chamanes, sorciers et guérisseurs (des femmes habituellement) possédaient la connaissance de l'énergie subtile. L'adur en basque ou élan vital et la façon de canaliser. Les rites tantriques canalisent par le biais des rapports sexuels cette énergie localisée de la base de la colonne vertébrale a l'hypophyse. La hiérarchisation sexuelle et sociale instaurée par l'inquisition a été aggravée par la révolution industrielle, qui a ébranlé le système antérieur. La femme qui représentait le corps fut chassée de la vie publique. Afin de s'adapter elle dut violenter sa propre nature, la sexualité et les idées égalitaires furent mises en veilleuse en même temps que la vision du monde qui les a vehiculées : la culture et la langue basqueThe evolution of the basque culture, inherited from the old paleolithic culture, was predeterminated by an equalitarian family group used to share in the political working, through the assemblies. Phycisal and psychical health was regulated likewise. This was channelled through various religions ceremonials which fostered the arising and solving of conscious and inconscious emotional conflicts. Such transitional stages as are materialised by birth, sexuality and death were ritualised and lived as natural experiences in the continuous process of life an death. Shamans, sorcerers and healers had knowledge of the subtle energy, "adur" or life spirit, and of the means of channelling it. The tantric rites using sexual intercourse to channel that energy located from the bottom of the spine to the pituitary gland. The graded organization of society and sexuality introduced by inquisition was worse by the industrial revolution. Woman was excluded from public life. She had to go against her own nature. It was suppressed as well as their vehicle namely the basque language and culture
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Oregi, Zarautz Sabin. "Contribution des médias basques à l'extension fonctionnelle de l'"euskara" : de l'intérêt des socio-types linguistiques : analyse prospective." Bordeaux 3, 1997. https://extranet.u-bordeaux-montaigne.fr/memoires/diffusion.php?nnt=1997BOR30066.
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Dans quelle mesure les medias basques peuvent-ils contribuer a l'extension fonctionnelle de l'euskara ? de la reponse a cette question, dependent le developpement de l'usage de l'euskara au pays basque pour une part, et, par voie de consequence, la creation d'une audience suffisante pour la survie des medias eux-memes d'autre part. Notre hypothese principale est que leur contribution doit s'appuyer sur une bonne appreciation des socio-types linguistiques existants en euskal herria. Dans un premier temps nous dressons un tableau historique des medias au pays basque, qu'il s'agisse des medias imprimes ou audiovisuels. En insistant particulierement sur la relation entre les medias et les differents pouvoirs politiques qu'ils ont rencontres au cours du siecle et en particulier au cours de la periode franquiste, puis post-franquiste. Dans un deuxieme temps nous montrons l'evolution du systeme d'enseignement en vigueur au pays basque, en insistant particulierement sur le role des ikastolas et des differents modeles linguistiques qui ont ete appliques. Enfin nous essayons d'apprecier la distribution des types socio-linguistiques et les relations qu'ils entreteniennent avec le developpement des medias dans le cadre d'une politique de planification linguistique soutenue par les differentes instances mises en place par le gouvernement basque ou le tissu associatif. En conclusion la situation la plus favorable a l'extension fonctionnelle de l'euskara et donc du developpement des medias basques serait que ceux-ci se distribuent en fonction des groupes sociolinguistiques afin de faire acceder progressivement chacune des audiences relevant d'un socio-type donne vers le socio-type immediatement superieur ; l'objectif final etant que l'ensemble de l'audience evolue vers le socio-type ab, qui correspond a celui des autochtones alphabetises en euskara.
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Mau, Wing-yan Annie, and 繆穎欣. "Cantonese: language or dialect?" Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2005. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31789705.
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Chan, Kar-wing Veronica, and 陳嘉詠. "Social attitudes towards swearing and taboo language." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1997. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31951211.
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Goodfellow, Anne Marie. "Language, culture, and identity, social and cultural aspects of language change in two Kwak'wala-speaking communities." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp02/NQ38891.pdf.
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Kouritzin, Sandra Gail. "Cast-away cultures and taboo tongues : face(t)s of first language loss." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/nq25080.pdf.
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Antzakas, Klimis. "Aspects of morphology and syntax of negation in Greek sign language." Thesis, City University London, 2006. http://openaccess.city.ac.uk/8550/.
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This thesis investigates aspects of the morphophonology, syntax and scope of negation in the Greek Sign Language with emphasis on the means and mechanisms that this sign language employs in order to express negation. The data analysis presented is based on natural data provided by Deaf informants. The initial pilot study provided elicited data, which was subsequently used to confirm the findings of the study. As with other sign languages, analysis shows that Greek Sign Language expresses negation by the use of both manual and non-manual features of negation. Manual negation includes three features: negative particles such as NO or NOT, negation signs which usually have meanings like nobody, nothin& never, and finally signs with negative incorporation (verbs that incorporate negation). Non-manual features comprise of negation head movements and facial expressions. As in many other signed and spoken languages, the most common way to construct a negative clause is by using a negative particle. The use of manual or non-manual features of negation is optional in Greek Sign Language in the sense that negation can be expressed by the use of negative head movements which can occur without any manual negation signs within a clause or by the use of a manual sign of negation without the use of any non-manual feature of negation. Syntactic analysis shows that the negative particles and negation signs occur in post-predicate position. Pre-predicate position is also available for these signs under specific conditions. For signs with negative incorporation the position within a clause varies. The status of manual signs and non-manual features of negation within a clause is also examined. The NEG-criterion, as defined within the framework of generative grammar, is used for the analysis of negation scope. Within this framework a syntactic analysis of the negative particle and the negation head movement is proposed. The NEG-criterion provides an empirically adequate theory of the scope of negation in clauses with manual negators as well as in negative clauses where no manual negation sign appears. In addition, the study provides insights into the varying use of negation in different settings and language change through grammaticalisation. Finally, data analysis of negation has also revealed some important areas for further research like basic word order, syntax of negative concord and various expressions of negation, the prosodic analysis of non-manual features of negation amongst others.
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Rahman, Omar. "Language, culture, and the fundamental attribution error." Virtual Press, 2001. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1217390.
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Previous research has shown that language differences can cause cognitive differences, and that. the availability of certain lexical terms can predispose individuals to certain ways of thinking. The fundamental attribution error (FAE), or the tendency to favor dispositional over situational explanations, is more common in Western, individualistic cultures than in Eastern, collectivist ones. In this study, bilingual South Asian-Americans read scenarios, in English and in Urdu, and rated the extent to which target individuals and situational variables were responsible for the events. It was hypothesized that the availability of a dispositional word in the language of presentation would predispose participants to commit the FAE. Results did not support that hypothesis. However, there was some indication that familiarity with a language increases the tendency to commit the FAE. Possible reasons for the findings are discussed.Department of Psychological Science
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Deng, Xudong. "Chinese and Australian conversational styles: A comparative sociolinguistic study of overlap and listener response." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 1999. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/1242.
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This study compares the use of overlap and listener response by Chinese and Australian speakers in their respective intracultural conversations, that is, in conversations between Chinese interlocutors in Mandarin Chinese and between Australians in Australian English. The main purpose of this study is to locate similarities and differences between these two groups of speakers in their use of the two conversational strategies. Another major theme of the thesis is to examine the role of gender in the use of overlap and listener response in conversations of the two languages. The study is based upon the theoretical premise of interactional sociolinguistics that different cultural groups may have different rules for participation and interpretation of conversation and that conflicts related to these rules are a major source of cross cultural (and cross gender) miscommunication. It is also a response to lack of evidence for this claim from languages other than English, especially from Chinese. The data for the study are from 30 dyadic conversations between friends of similar age and similar social status: 15 Chinese conversations in Mandarin Chinese and 15 Australian ones in Australian English. Both the Australian and the Chinese conversations come from 5 female-female dyads, 5 male-male dyads and 5 male-female dyads. Both the qualitative and the quantitative aspects of the use of overlap and listener response are compared. With respect to the use of overlap, the qualitative part of the study examines the various phenomena that the speakers orient to in overlap onset, the procedures they use to resolve the state of overlap, and the strategies they employ to retrieve their overlapped utterances. The quantitative part of the study then compares the use of overlap by Chinese and Australian speakers and their respective male and female participants in terms of overlap onset, resolution, and/or retrieval . In regard to the use of listener response, the qualitative part of the study looks at how passive recipiency and speakership incipiency are signalled and achieved through the use of different listener response tokens in conversations of the two languages. The quantitative part of the study compares the use of listener response by Chinese and Australian speakers and male and female participants in three aspects: the overall frequency of listener responses used, the types of listener responses favoured, and the placements of listener responses with reference to a possible completion point. The results of the comparison reveal a number of similarities and differences in the use of overlap and listener response by Chinese and Australian speakers. For the use of overlap, the similarities include: 1) Both Chinese and Australian speakers have the same set of issues to orient to in their initiation of overlap, resort to the same basic procedures in resolving the state of overlap, and use the same strategies in retrieving their overlapped utterances; 2) they use a similar number of overlaps; 3) they start their overlaps mostly at a possible completion point; 4) they tend to continue with their talk more than to drop out when an overlap occurs. Two specific differences have also been identified in the use of overlap by Chinese and Australian speakers: 1) Australians initiate a higher percentage of their overlaps at a possible completion point whereas Chinese initiate a greater proportion of their overlaps in the midst of a turn; 2) when overlap occurs, Chinese speakers drop out more to resolve the state of overlap while Australian speakers continue their talk more to get through the overlap. For the use of listener response, the similarities lie largely in the ways of orienting to an extended turn unit by Chinese and Australian recipients in a conversation. Available in conversations of both languages are the two distinctive uses of listener response, that is, to show passive recipiency or to signal speakership incipiency. The differences between the two groups of speakers in the use of listener response include: 1) Australians use more listener responses than Chinese speakers; 2) while Australians prefer to use linguistic lexical expressions such as 'yeh' and 'right' as their reaction to the primary speaker's ongoing talk, Chinese speakers favour the use of paralinguistic vocalic forms such as 'hm' and 'ah'; 3) whereas Australians place a higher percentage of their listener responses at a possible completion point than Chinese speakers, Chinese speakers place a larger proportion of their listener responses in the midst of a turn than their Australian counterparts. While the similarities between Chinese and Australian speakers in their use of overlap and listener response indicate to a great extent the sharing of similar organising principles for conversation by both languages, the differences show some culture-specific aspects of the use of these two conversational strategies by the two groups of speakers. The study found a striking parallel between the differential use of overlap and listener response by Chinese and Australian speakers and their different perceptions of rights and obligations in social life, including in social interaction. The study does not reveal consistent cross-cultural patterns with respect to the use of overlap and listener response by male and female speakers in Chinese and Australian conversations. That is, gender has not played an identical role in the use of the two conversational strategies in conversations of, the two languages. Gender differential interactional patterns are to a great extent culture-specific. This finding, together with that of within-culture and within-gender variation, cautions us against any universal claim about gender-differential use of a given conversational phenomenon, whether the claims are based on deficit, or dominance, or difference assumptions in language and gender theories.
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Bailey, Beth A., Andrea D. Clements, Jessica Scott, and Lana McGrady. "Prenatal Smoke Exposure and Language Outcomes at 15 Months: Social Aspects of Communication Versus Expressive and Receptive Language." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2011. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/7273.
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Bailey, Beth A., Andrea D. Clements, J. Scott, and Lana McGrady. "Prenatal Smoke Exposure and Language Outcomes at 15 Months: Social Aspects of Communication Versus Expressive and Receptive Language." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2011. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/7275.
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De, Kock Tarryn Gabi. "Linguistic identity and social cohesion in three Western Cape schools." Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/2501.
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Thesis (MEd (Education))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2016.Language is foundational to issues of belonging in contemporary South Africa. The country’s colonial and apartheid history facilitated the differential development and privileging of particular languages alongside the project of racial capitalism (Alexander, 1989). Educational arrangements were affected by these developments because of how black South Africans were economically and socially limited by rudimentary exposure to the primary languages of access (English and Afrikaans). This study argues that this history is what currently influences the movement of black South Africans into the schools they were historically excluded from in former coloured, Indian and white areas, and further that this movement is also encouraged by the promise of greater access to and development in the English language (Fataar, 2015). It suggests that the persisting status of English as lingua franca across state, educational and cultural communications and products requires teaching that is sensitive to the historical relationship of the language to the underdevelopment and undervaluation of local linguistic forms. Moreover, the subject English and its embedded values and norms (included in the compulsory texts and textbook) is a critical area of enquiry for thinking through issues of social cohesion and belonging. Through case studies of three Cape Town teachers, this study argues that a range of influences affect how language and meaning are constructed in English classrooms, and that learners experience these influences to their own identities in different and often conflicting ways.
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Wong, Lai-man David, and 黃禮文. "The contemporary history of press commentaries on the English languagein Hong Kong (1 January 1997 to 30 June 1997)." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1997. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31951545.
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Beaudoin, Sophie. "Attitudes d'enfants allophones et de leurs enseignants envers différens accents du français." Thesis, McGill University, 2004. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=81479.
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The following thesis reports on an investigation of the attitudes of allophone children and their teachers towards different French accents. Using the matched guise technique, a total of 108 children in grades 4, 5 and 6 (5 groups) evaluated samples of French spoken with a standard accent, a standard Quebec accent, an informal Quebec accent and a foreign accent. The pupils evaluated the accents based on eight criteria related to linguistic, professional and personal characteristics. Secondly, sub-groups from each class participated in a post-experimental discussion about the accents they had heard. The children's teachers were also interviewed privately, in order to give their opinions about the accents, and share their vision of an oral model for these allophone children attending French language schools in Montreal. Findings suggest a strong preference for standard accents, which is confirmed by the analysis of the post-experimental discussions.
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Cheng, Mei Ling Tina. "An analysis of social & psychological factors in learning English as a second language in Hong Kong." HKBU Institutional Repository, 1998. http://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_ra/98.
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Grenfell, Michael. "The initial training of modern language teachers : a social theoretical approach." Thesis, University of Southampton, 1995. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/365533/.
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Lee, Sze-yan, and 李詩甄. "Language attitudes of Hong Kong students towards English, Cantonese and Putonghua." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2005. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31608255.
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Paré, Anthony. "Writing in social work : a case study of a discourse community." Thesis, McGill University, 1991. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=70189.
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Over the past decade, the theoretical basis for composition research and pedagogy has expanded. A social perspective on writing has been added to the cognitive view which dominated composition studies throughout the 1970s and early 80s. This social perspective has radically altered conceptions of the writing process. Whereas cognitive theory placed a creative and isolated individual at the centre of the writing act, social theory locates the writer in community, and shifts much of the control of discourse from the individual to the group.This research takes the form of a case study of social workers attached to Quebec's Youth Court system. The specific focus within that setting is the preparation of reports about adolescents in trouble with the law. Data were collected through "think-aloud" protocols and interviews, including discourse-based interviews. The study offers a detailed description of the complex and dynamic relationship between the individual writer and the community, and provides a new perspective on the concept of "audience" and the notion of genre as social action.
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Shrestha, Uma. "Social networks and code-switching in the Newar community of Kathmandu City." Virtual Press, 1990. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/720143.
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The present study seeks to investigate the linguistic behavior of two Newari high castes, called Shresthas and Udas, living in Kathmandu, the capital city of Nepal, in their use of Newari, the ethnic language, and Nepali, the national language. Specifically, the study attempts to explain the hypothesis that the Hindu (Shrestha) Newars are becoming monolingual in Nepali while the Buddhist (Udas) Newars are maintaining their bilingualism in Nepali and Newari. To do so, a questionnaire was distributed to a total of 96 subjects, selected through quota sampling procedures. The questionnaire not only elicits information about the situational and societal variation in the subjects' use of Newari and Nepali but also reveals their attitudes and opinions about the differential use of these languages. Also, the participant observation method was employed to supplement and validate the responses derived from the questionnaire survey.The results from this study suggest a diglossic behavior in the Udas' use of Newari and Nepali, which, however, is remarkably different from those found in classic diglossic settings. This, in turn, leads to a reexamination of Ferguson's concept of diglossia. The Shresthas, on the other hand, frequently alternate between Newari and Nepali regardless of situation. Such linguistic differences between these two groups are related to their varied social networks and relationships; the Udas Newars' greater use of Newari is due to their closed social networks while the Shresthas' greater use of Nepali is due to their open social networks.The data on the analysis of the subjects' attitudes and opinions toward Nepali and Newari indicate that the Udas Newars are positive and favorable toward Newari while the Shresthas are ambivalent in their opinions toward these languages. This study, therefore, emphasizes a strong need for bilingual education in the country.The results of the present study show that the Udas' use of Newari exclusively at home and with children is a major factor in its retention. Among the Shresthas, it is rapidly losing ground to Nepali. Newari then is gradually dying away among the Shresthas, and will continually do so in the absence of institutional support.Department of English
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Devon, Terrence J. (Terrence John). "Language, media, and the concept of a machine : toward a unified theory of communication in history." Thesis, McGill University, 1992. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=39778.
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This thesis is focused upon the development of the computer as a communication medium in history. To accomplish this, the computer is understood as constructed by language and technology where these are in turn grounded upon their roles as forms of cultural mediation. As methodology is of paramount importance, the digital medium is heuristically employed to discuss the epistemic and phenomenological significance of communications media. The more general inference therefore concerns the role of socially constructed media in the fabric of cultural development. In addressing this concern, the paper finds that communications media stand as the repositories of knowledge in the form of artificial memory and figurative technique. The computer then, as a medium in history, may arguably be declared as a paradigmatic instantiation of this role.
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Nitta, Takayo. "Affective, cognitive and social factors affecting Japanese learners of English in Cape Town." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2006. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_1842_1210749983.
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This research used diary studies and interviews with five Japanese learners of English to investigate the different affective, cognitive and social factors that affected their learning of English in Cape Town between 2004 and 2005. The findings of this study corroborate arguments put forward by Gardner that factors such as learning goals, learning strategy, attitude, motivation, anxiety, self-confidence and cultural beliefs about communication affect the acquisition of a second language and correlate with one another.
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Chan, Man-fong Mandy, and 陳敏芳. "Hong Kong's social development and language change in thelast 50 years." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2004. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B45012787.
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Yeh, Ling-Miao. "Determination of legitimate speakers of English in ESL discourse social-cultural aspects of selected issues - power, subjectivity and equality /." Connect to this title online, 2004. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1092350762.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Ohio State University, 2004.Document formatted into pages; contains 299 p. Includes bibliographical references. Abstract available online via OhioLINK's ETD Center; full text release delayed at author's request until 2007 Aug. 13.
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Tomoda, Shizuko. "Cost and benefit in language use: A case study of sentence particles in Japanese." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/185164.
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This thesis purports to introduce a cost and benefit theory of politeness which sheds light upon the politeness system in Japanese. This involves the assumption that a communicative act is a rational act, executed for a communicative goal. Given so, politeness-bearing language use is strategic in nature. This implies that using a certain strategy appropriate in a given communicative situation is a consequence of rationalization. With effective utilization of the cost and benefit concept, broadly defined, linguistic politeness is viewed as a negotiation between the speaker and the hearer on the basis of the speaker's assessment of cost and/or benefit. In order to achieve a characterization of negotiation, the underlying principle, referred to as "Politeness Negotiation Principles," is proposed. The primary task in this thesis is to analyze the use of sentence particles within a framework of the cost and benefit theory. While the majority of studies of politeness phenomena in Japanese have centered around honorifics, which is widely known for its highly developed system, sentence particles have received little attention. In this regard, this study of sentence particles shows a much broader vista of politeness phenomena in Japanese than hitherto assumed. The application of the cost and benefit concept goes beyond the sphere of politeness phenomena. By identifying a cost and/or a benefit involved in a context where the modality item desyoo/daroo and the anaphoric demonstratives sono and ano are employed, the uses of these elements, which reveal interesting dynamics of interaction between the speaker and the hearer, can be explained.
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Gaughan, Tara J. "Selling the pearl : an analysis of the language used in the marketing of Hong Kong to tourists /." Thesis, Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2001. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B23424515.
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Blumenthal, Laura F. "Self-Efficacy in Low-Level English Language Learners." PDXScholar, 2014. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/1622.
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Accounting for differences in second language proficiency attainment is an important area of inquiry in the study of Second Language Acquisition (SLA). Accounts of the language acquisition process have generally come from cognitive or psychological perspectives, which view language learning as primarily an internal mental/emotional process, or from sociocultural or critical perspectives that emphasize the influence of the learner's social environment. Research on variability in language learning has also failed to take into account the learning experiences of low-level learners.
This study adopted a social-psychological perspective on language acquisition that focused on the role of self-efficacy in learning, and applied this perspective to understudied learners.
This study interviewed four low- to intermediate-proficiency English language learners (ELLs) from Mexico about their experiences and their self-efficacy beliefs about their ability to use their English. Their accounts of their experiences learning and using English were analyzed qualitatively and four major themes were found: the role of English language interlocutors, the participants' self-assessment of their abilities, structural obstacles to learning, and the participants' experiences of and responses to challenges. The results also explored students' expressions of self-efficacy, and the ways in which their levels of efficacy helped or hindered their ability to successfully engage in interactions with English speakers.
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De, Klerk Vivian Anne. "An investigation into the language of English-speaking adolescents, with particular reference to sex, age and type of school." Thesis, University of Cape Town, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/23092.
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Wong, Suet Yee Catherine. "Language attitude of Hong Kong native Cantonese speakers towards mainland-dialect-accented Cantonese." HKBU Institutional Repository, 1998. http://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_ra/399.
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Huh, Cheong Rhie. "Sociocultural factors in the loss of one's mother tongue: The case of Korean immigrant children." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1997. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/1187.
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Olney, Cynthia Ann. "THE EFFECT OF COMMUNICATOR GENDER, NONVERBAL COMMUNICATION STYLE, AND RESPONDENT GENDER ON MANAGERS' TASK AND SOCIAL ATTRACTIVENESS (WORKING WOMEN)." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/275426.
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Dowling, Tessa. "Isihlonipho sabafazi : the Xhosa women's language of respect : a sociolinguistic exploration." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/14268.
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Bibliography: leaves 166-172.Isihlonipho Sabafazi (the Xhosa women's language of respect) is a language in which syllables occurring in the names of menfolk are avoided by women. Thie thesis attempts to place the practice in it social context by applying both descriptive and analytical methodologies. The thesis include a literature survey and a critique on the dynamics of gender and language. The results of interviews conducted in three areas, one urban and two rural, are analysed and tabulated. A glossary of substitute words is included.
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Chan, Haw-fung Victor, and 陳可風. "Hong Kong English and the internet." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1999. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31951806.
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Li, Mi-fong Miranda, and 李美芳. "Attitudes towards written Cantonese and mixed codes in written language in Hong Kong." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1997. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31959647.
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Mokapela, Sebolelo Agnes. "Account-giving in the narratives of abuse in isiXhosa." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/50237.
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Thesis (MA)--Stellenbosch University, 2005.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This study explores the theoretical work in articulating the motivations and conditions for account-giving in isiXhosa in relation to image restoration. This emotional and behavioural rehabilitation is done through accounts. In this context, accounts are similar to narratives and can be retained at the level of private reflections or written as diary entries or for others to read and refer to from time to time. The account-making process according to Warren (1989), is like a "life in motion" in which individual characters are portrayed as moving through their experiences, dealing with some conflict or problem in their lives and at the same time searching for a resolution. It is then this quest to understand the major stresses in each individual's mind that is at the core of this study. The why questions that are the result of the daily experiences of destitution, depression, death, disability, etc., are also addressed here. The importance of the intelligibility of accounts is established with reference to Schank and Abelson (1977) who contend that people construct accounts based on their knowledge structure approach, causal reasoning and text comprehension. Thus, for an account to be hounered, it has to be goal-oriented and coherent. In this study, the social-interactive aspects of account-giving are investigated and it is discovered that severe reproach forms involving personality attacks and derogatory aspects, elicit defensive reactions that result in negative interpersonal and emotional consequences. The mitigation-aggravation continuum is then examined with regard to the selection of the failure management strategies. Narrative accounts based on Mcintyre (1981) form the basis of moral and social events and as such, stories have two elements through which they are explored. They are explored firstly in the way in which they are told and secondly, on the way they are lived in the social context. These stories follow a historically or culturally based format and to this effect, Gergen (1994) suggested a narrative criteria that constitute a historically contingent narrative form. Narrative forms are linguistic tools that have important social functions to satisfactorily fulfil such as stability narrative, progressive narrative and regressive narrative. According to Gergen (1994), self-narratives are social processes in which individuals are realized on the personal perspective or experience, and as such their emotions are viewed as constitutive features of relationship. The self-narratives used and analysed in this study portray the contemporary culture-based elements or segments of a well-formed narrative.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie studie ondersoek die teoretiese werke en die artikulasie van die motiverings en kondisies vir verslag-making en verslagdoening in isiXhosa m.b.t. beeld-herstel ('image restoration'). Hierdie emosionele en gedragsrehabilitasie word gedoen deur verslagdoening. In hierdie konteks is verslae soortgelyk aan narratiewe en kan beskou word op die vlak van privaatrefleksies of geskryf word as dagboekinskrywings. Die verslagdoeningsproses, is, volgens Warren (1989) soos 'Iewe-in-beweging', waarin individuele karakters voorgestel word as dat hulle beweeg deur hulle ondervindings waarin hulle een of ander konflik of probleem aanspreek, en soek na 'n oplossing. Dit is hierdie soeke om die hoofspanninge in elke individu se denke te verstaan wat die kern van hierdie studie is. Die waarom-vrae wat die gevolg is van die daaglikse ondervindinge, eensaamheid, depressie en gestremdheid, word ook aangespreek in die studie oor narratiewe in isiXhosa. Die belangrikheid van die verstaanbaarheid van verslae word ook ondersoek met verwysing na Schank en Abelson (1977) se siening dat mense verslae konstrueer gebaseer op hulle kennis, struktuurbenadering, kousale beredenering en teksbegrip. Dus, vir 'n verslag om gerespekteer te word, moet dit doel-georiënteerd en koherent wees. In hierdie studie, word die sosiaal-interaktiewe aspekte van verslagdoening ondersoek, en dit word bevind dat erge verdedigingsvorme persoonlike aanvalle en verkleinerende aspekte insluit wat verdedigende reaksies uitlok wat negatiewe interpersoonlike en emosionele gevolge het. Die vermindering-vergroting kontinuum word ondersoek m.b.t. die selektering van mislukking bestuurstrategieë. Narratiewe verslae gebaseer op Mcintyre (1981) vorm die basis van morele en sosiale gebeure, en as sodanig, het stories twee elemente waardeur hulle ondersoek word, eerstens op die wyse waarop, en tweedens, op die wyse wat hulle beleef word in sosiale konteks. Stories volg In histories- en kultureelgebaseerde formaat. Gergen (1994) het narratiewe kriteria voorgestel. Narratiewe vorme is linguistiese gereedskap wat belangrike sosiale funksies het, insluitende stabiliteit narratief, progressiewe narratief en regressiewe naratief.
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Yang, Yu Stella. "Language practices of internet leaders and organizational culture :a multi-method study on the online discussion forum at www.Chinese-forums.com." Thesis, University of Macau, 2018. http://umaclib3.umac.mo/record=b3953773.
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Feng, Fang Fang Zoe. "Language attitudes towards Guanzhong dialect, Putonghua and English between two different generations of Xi'an local residents." Thesis, University of Macau, 2018. http://umaclib3.umac.mo/record=b3953746.
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McKenzie, Robert M. "A quantitative study of the attitudes of Japanese learners towards varieties of English speech : aspects of the sociolinguistics of English in Japan." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/1519.
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Language attitude studies focussing specifically on native speaker perceptions of varieties of English speech have demonstrated consistently that standard varieties tend to be evaluated positively in terms of competence/ status whilst non-standard varieties are generally rated higher in terms of social attractiveness/ solidarity. However, the great majority of studies which have investigated non-native attitudes have tended to measure evaluations of ‘the English language’, conceptualised as a single entity, thus ignoring the substantial regional and social variation within the language. This is somewhat surprising considering the importance of attitudes towards language variation in the study of second language acquisition and in sociolinguistics. More specifically, there is a dearth of in-depth quantitative attitude research in Japan concentrating specifically on social evaluations of varieties of English, as the limited number of previous studies conducted amongst Japanese learners have either been qualitative in design or too small in scale. Moreover, the findings of these studies have been somewhat inconclusive. The present quantitative study, employing a range of innovative direct and indirect techniques of attitude measurement, investigated the perceptions of 558 Japanese university students of six varieties of English speech. The results obtained suggest that Japanese learners are able to differentiate between speech varieties within a single language of which they are not native speakers and hold different and often complex attitudes towards (a) standard/ non-standard and (b) native/ non-native varieties of English speech. For instance, the learners rated both the standard and non-standard varieties of inner circle speech more highly than varieties of expanding circle English in terms of prestige. In contrast, it was found that the learners expressed higher levels of solidarity with the Japanese speaker of heavily-accented English and intriguingly, with speakers of non-standard varieties of UK and US English than with speakers of standard varieties of inner circle English. Moreover, differences in the Japanese students’ gender, level of self-perceived competence in English, level of exposure to English and attitudes towards varieties of Japanese all had significant main effects on perceptions of varieties of English speech. However, the regional provenance of the informants was not found to be significant in determining their language attitudes. The results also imply that Japanese learners retain representations of varieties of English speech and draw upon this resource, whether consciously or unconsciously, in order to identify and evaluate (speakers of) these speech varieties. The findings are discussed in relation to the pedagogical and language planning implications for the choice of linguistic model in English language teaching both inside and outwith Japan and in terms of the methodological importance of the study for potential future attitudinal research in this area.
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Yu, Siu-hung, and 余小紅. "The teaching of English: a sociological perspective." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1994. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31958400.
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Horvath, Veronika. "Errors and judgments : a sociolinguistic study of freshman composition." Virtual Press, 1996. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1027109.
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This study attempts to discover and describe patterns of variation in college students' overt attitudes toward a limited set of grammatical and lexical variables, the shibboleths of edited written American English usage. The basic instrument used in the study is a 115 item multiple choice questionnaire prepared by the researcher. Fifteen questions were designed to assess the respondents' social, economic, and demographic backgrounds, whereas the major part of the questionnaire elicited judgments about one hundred English sentences offering the choice between the attributes "good," "bad," and "I can't decide." This questionnaire was administered to 172 students in nine freshman composition classes during the spring semester of 1994 at Ball State University. The study sought to discover and describe systematic relationships between the answers to the first set of questions (extralinguistic data) and the second set of questions (linguistic data) by using various analytical methods and statistical techniques, such as correlation coefficients, chi-square tests, and multidimensional scaling.It was hypothesized that variation in subjects' overt judgments about linguistic variables would parallel the findings of numerous sociolinguistic studies about variation in linguistic production, and hence would pattern along the social and demographic characteristics of the subjects. However, although this study found considerable variation in the freshman students' judgments about the usage shibboleths, it did not find social or demographic correlates to the respondents' judgments.By investigating the nature of the variation in freshman composition students' notions about linguistic correctness, this study attempted to answer questions which have not been asked by traditional usage studies, sociolinguistics, or composition research. Moreover, this study has added support for linguists' claims that the traditional "mistakes" in usage handbooks have almost no empirical basis, even if they remain the favorites of most handbook authors and English teachers.Department of English
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Curdt-Christiansen, Xiao Lan. "Understanding the patterns of language use of Chinese children in a Montreal community school." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape7/PQDD_0018/MQ54221.pdf.
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Spinuzzi, Clay I. (Clay Ian). "Appropriating Language on the Usenet." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1994. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc501079/.
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The Usenet is a global computer conferencing system on which users can affix textual messages under 4500 different categories. It currently has approximately 4,165,000 readers, and these .readers have appropriated language by adapting it to the Usenet's culture and medium. This thesis conceptualizes the Usenet community's appropriation of language, provides insights into how media and media restrictions cause their users to appropriate language, and discusses how future media may further cause users to appropriate language. With the Usenet we have a chance to study a relatively new community bound by relatively new technology, and perhaps we can learn more about the appropriation process by studying the two.
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Righi, Eliana Maria Rojas Cabrini 1963. "A ciência não fala português = as línguas auxiliares na produção científica." [s.n.], 2011. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/280863.
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Orientador: Renato José Pinto OrtizTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-19T13:15:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Righi_ElianaMariaRojasCabrini_D.pdf: 2323620 bytes, checksum: b01f08deedd8d9c67513e30905fa5c1c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011
Resumo: Este estudo se insere nas reflexões e embates entre localismos e globalismos da sociedade mundializada. Visamos especificamente ao universo da produção científica, que se desenvolve além dos espaços e instituições nacionais, através do uso de línguas auxiliares para as trocas linguísticas. A abordagem atravessa a disciplinarização do conhecimento, de modo que a pesquisa foi feita na intersecção das ciências da linguagem tais como a linguística e a sociolinguística com a sociologia, considerando-se que os fatores que conferem a certos idiomas o status de línguas francas são eminentemente sociopolíticos. Para descrever a problemática do uso de línguas auxiliares nas ciências e seus desdobramentos como a relação estreita entre o déficit comunicativo na divulgação científica em língua estrangeira e a produtividade e visibilidade científicas nós analisamos vários indicadores relacionados às práticas de produção de gêneros textuais da ciência dos pesquisadores da Universidade Estadual de Campinas, quando produzidos em línguas estrangeiras em geral e em língua inglesa em particular. Coletamos dados do curriculum Lattes de pesquisadores, entrevistas, perfil numérico de leitura de periódicos eletrônicos e comparação textual de artigos científicos, visando compor uma descrição abrangente das práticas linguísticas na comunicação científica e suas problemáticas. Esse levantamento permitiu esclarecer a relação entre o conhecimento de línguas estrangeiras e a publicação acadêmica internacional, discutir a centralidade da língua inglesa no mundo científico, elencando aspectos sociológicos pouco problematizados que se originam desta supremacia, elucidar convergências entre alterações nos usos linguísticos com aquelas do cenário histórico-social que as precede, além de comparar as diferenças de uso de determinadas línguas nas ciências humanas e nas Ciências da Natureza. Levando-se em conta a importância do desenvolvimento técnico-científico para a sociedade mundial, tal estudo se justifica pela urgência de se conhecer os usos sociais das línguas estrangeiras nesta área, bem como as possíveis limitações linguísticas que possam comprometer nossa condição de produtores de ciência
Abstract: This study reflects the debates between localisms and globalisms of the globalized society. We aim specifically at the universe of scientific production which develops itself beyond national spaces and institutions through the use of auxiliary languages for linguistic exchange. The approach disregards disciplinarization so that this research was performed in the intersection between linguistic sciences such as linguistics and sociolinguistics and sociology, considering that factors which attribute the status of lingua franca to certain languages are chiefly sociopolitical. To describe the issue of using auxiliary languages in science as well as its consequences such as the tight link between communicative deficit in scientific publication and scientific productivity and visibility we analyzed some sociological problems observed in the production of scientific texts by researchers at the State University of Campinas, when they are produced in foreign languages in general and in English language in particular, and we have produced, from a sociological view, a comprising description of scientific language practices and the issues related to them, using different indicators, for instance, researcher's curricula data, interviews, a numeric profile of electronic journal reading and text comparison. These elements have allowed us to establish some correlation between foreign language knowledge and international academic publication, to discuss the centrality of the English language in the scientific world, to clarify existing convergences between changes in language uses and those in the historical-social scenery that preceded them and to compare differences in the use of certain languages in Human and Natural Sciences. Taking into account the importance of the technicalscientific development for the world society such study justifies itself for the urge of knowing social uses of foreign languages in this field, as well as potential linguistic limitations which can not only jeopardize the local scientific production, as well as our condition as science producers
Doutorado
Sociologia
Doutor em Sociologia
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Ikeda, Kazuko. "A descriptive study of the relationship between cultural sensitivity in the acculturation process and the second language learning process." PDXScholar, 1985. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/3442.
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This is a study to investigate the association between the cultural sensitivity in the acculturation process and the second language learning process. This study is also a partial replication of the study by William Acton (1979) who developed the Professed Difference in Attitudes Questionnaire (PDAQ), which is utilized as a measurement instrument in this study. Acton's concept of socio-cultural equidistant is interpreted from the intercultural communication point of view. The results of the hypothesis testing are inconclusive and incongruous with Acton's study.
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Iedema, Roderick. "Interactional dynamics and social change : planning as morphogenesis." University of Sydney, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/1687.
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Doctor of PhilosophyThis thesis looks at social interaction from the point of view of social-institutional process. In doing so, it aims to account for i) how broader institutional processes are instantiated in local interaction, and ii) how western technologisation (in the Foucaultian sense) relates to or is instantiated in local interaction.
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Chaka, Molelekeng Theresia. "The narrative of abuse in Sesotho." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/50503.
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Thesis (MA) -- University of Stellenbosch, 2005.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This study examines data from account-giving in Sesotho. Am account-making process according to Warren (1989), is more like a "life in motion" in which individual characters are portrayed as moving through their experiences, dealing with some problem in their lives and at the same time diligently searching for a resolution. It is then this quest to understand the major stresses in each individual's mind that is at the core of this study. The reasons that lead to the result of the daily experiences of destitution, depression, death, disability etc, are also addressed here. Narrative accounts form the basis of moral and social events and as such, stories have two elements through which they are explored. They are explored firstly in the way in which they are told and secondly, in the way they are lived in the social context. These stories follow a historically or culturally based format, and to this effect, Gergen (1994) posited narrative criteria that constitute a historically contingent narrative form. Narrative forms are linguistic tools that have important social functions to satisfactorily fulfil such needs as stability narrative, progressive narrative and regressive narrative.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie studie ondersoek data oor verslagdoening in Sesotho. 'n Verslagdoeningsproses is volgens Warren (1989) soos 'lewe in beweging', waarin individuele karakters voorgestel word as dat hulle beweeg deur ervarings, en een of ander probleem in hulle lewe aanspreek, en terselfdertyd soek na 'n oplossing. Dit is hierdie soeke om die spanninge te verstaan in die denke van elke individu wat aan die kern van hierdie studie lê. Die redes wat lei tot die resultaat van die daaglikse ondervindings van eensaamheid, depressie, dood, gestremdheid, ens. word ook beklemtoon in hierdie studie met verwysing na Sesotho verslagdoenings. Narratiewe verslagdoening vorm die basis van morele en sosiale gebeure, en as sulks, vorm dit die twee elemente waardeur hulle ondersoek word. Dit word ondersoek, eerstens deur die wyse waarop dit vertel word en tweedens, deur die wyse waarop dit beleef word in die sosiale konteks. Hierdie stories volg 'n histories of kultureel-gebaseerde formaat en, tot hierdie effek, het Gergen (1994) narratiewe kriteria gepostuleer wat 'n histories afhanklike narratief vorm. Narratiewe vorme is linguistiese gereedskap wat belangrike sosiale funksies het om behoeftes te vervul aan stabiliteit narratiewe, progressiewe narratiewe, en regressiewe narratiewe.
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Kathekiso, J. M. "A genre-based analysis of the society issue magazine text in Sesotho." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/53242.
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Thesis (MA)--University of Stellenbosch, 2003.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This study explores the text-linguistic and genre-analytic properties of Sesotho magazine texts on society issues. In particular, the model of text construction postulated by Grabe and Kaplan (1996) is employed as general theoretical framework for the research on Sesotho magazine texts. The writing properties of effective texts dealing with the theme of society issues will be analysed, taking into account the ethnography of writing, i.e. the influence of socio-cultural beliefs and views on writing in Sesotho. The study will present an extensive invesitgation of the genre approach to writing in the context of language teaching. The rationale of the genre approach and its advantages for teaching writing are reviewed. The text-linguistic and genre-analytic properties of texts need to be incorporated in methodology for teaching writing at secondary school. The study presents an extensive analysis of the Sesotho magazine texts as regard properties such as information structuring (topic-comment, theme-theme), coherence relations, cohesion and lexical choices as a reflection of communicative purposes. The linguistic devices in Seotho that characterise these properties are examined extensively.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie studie ondersoek die tekslinguistiese en genre-analitiese kenmerke van Sesotho tydskrifartikel tekste oor sosiale vraagstukke. Die model van tekskonstruksie, soos gepostuleer deur Grabe en Kaplan (1996), word gebruik as algemene teoretiese raamwerk vir die ondersoek van Sesotho tydskrifartikels. Die skryf-kenmerke van effektiewe tekste wat verband hou met die tema van gemeenskapsvraagstukke, salontleed word met inagneming van die etnografie van skryf, d.i. die invloed van sosio-kulturele sieninge op geskrewe tekste in Sesotho. Die studie sal 'n uitgebreide ondersoek bied van die genre-benadering tot geskrewe tekste in die konteks van skryfonderrig. Die rasionaal van die genre-benadering en die voordele daarvan vir skryfonderrig word beskou. Die tekslinguistiese en genre-analitiese kenmerke van tekste moet ingesluit word in 'n metodologie vir skryfonderrig in sekondêre skool. Die studie bied 'n uitgebreide analise van die Sesotho tydskrifartikels t.o.v. eienskappe soos informasiestrukturering, koherensie, kohesie en leksikale keuses as 'n refleksie van kommunikatiewe doelstellings. Die linguistiese elemente in Sesotho wat hierdie kenmerke realiseer word ekstensief ondersoek.
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Jayadeva, Sazana. "Overcoming the English handicap : seeking English in Bangalore, India." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2015. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.708998.
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Ущаповська, Ірина Василівна, Ирина Васильевна Ущаповская, and Iryna Vasylivna Ushchapovska. "Sociolinguistic aspects of coffee brands." Thesis, «Baltija Publishing», 2017. https://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/77498.
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Так само, як використання мови посягає на суспільне життя, елементи соціального життя складають невід'ємну частину способу використання мови. Лінгвісти розглядають мову як абстрактну структуру, яка існує незалежно від конкретних випадків використання, але будь-який комунікативний обмін відбувається у соціальному контексті, який обмежує мовні форми, якими користуються учасники. Мова брендів кави, яка використовується для спілкування з цільовою аудиторією, значною мірою передбачає соціальну значимість брендів та, зокрема, соціальну роль кави.Подобно тому, как использование языка пронизывает социальную жизнь, элементы социальной жизни составляют неотъемлемую часть способа использования языка. Лингвисты рассматривают язык как абстрактную структуру, которая существует независимо от конкретных случаев использования, но любой коммуникативный обмен находится в социальном контексте, который ограничивает языковые формы, используемые участниками. Язык, который бренды кофе используют для общения с целевой аудиторией, во многом обусловлен социальной значимостью брендов и, в частности, социальной ролью кофе.
Just as language use pervades social life, the elements of social life constitute an intrinsic part of the way language is used. Linguists regard language as an abstract structure that exists independently of specific instances of usage, but any communicative exchange is situated in a social context that constrains the linguistic forms used by the participants. The language coffee brands use to communicate with the target audience is to a great extend presupposed by the brands’ social significance and by the coffee’s social role in particular.