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1
LEITE, MIRIAM SOARES. "CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE DISCUSSION OF SCHOOL KNOWLEDGE PROVIDED BY BASIL BERNSTEIN AND YVES CHEVALLARD." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2004. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=5269@1.
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FUNDAÇÃO DE APOIO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DO RIO DE JANEIROEste estudo visa contribuir para as reflexões sobre a constituição do conhecimento escolar, com base em uma pesquisa bibliográfica que buscou identificar e discutir a aplicação dos conceitos de transposição didática, de Yves Chevallard, e de recontextualização discursiva, de Basil Bernstein. Pretendeu proporcionar, desta forma, uma visão geral das diversas leituras possíveis das proposições desses autores, no recorte acima definido. Para tanto, foram analisadas as publicações de Bernstein e Chevallard que se relacionam mais diretamente com a temática em discussão nesta pesquisa, teses brasileiras recentes que operaram com esses conceitos, além dos trabalhos apresentados a partir de 1998 nas reuniões anuais da Associação Nacional de Pós- Graduação e Pesquisa em Educação (Anped), nos Encontros Nacionais de Didática e Prática de Ensino (Endipe), e nas três revistas categorizadas pelo sistema Qualis como de nível internacional A - Cadernos de Pesquisa, Educação e Sociedade e Revista Brasileira de Educação. No decorrer deste processo de pesquisa e reflexão, colocaram-se ainda, como questões paralelas, a discussão das fronteiras dos campos disciplinares do Currículo e da Didática, e a problemática da interpretação de textos teóricos. Conclui-se o estudo, apontando potencialidades e especificidades dos conceitos de transposição didática e de recontextualização discursiva, bem como a importância da incorporação da discussão de tais conceitos na formação de professores.
The objective of this study is to contribute towards reflections regarding school knowledge constitution based upon bibliographical research, aimed at the identification and application of the following concepts: instructional transposition developed by Yves Chevallard and discourse recontextualization by Basil Bernstein. With the intent to provide an overview of several possible interpretations of these authors theoretical proposals within the above-mentioned approach, an analysis was conducted of the following: publications by Bernstein and Chevallard directly related to the subject discussed in this research, recent Brazilian thesis that applied these concepts and, starting in 1998, articles presented during annual meetings of the Associação Nacional de Pós-Graduação e Pesquisa em Educação (Anped), and during the Encontros Nacionais de Didática e Prática de Ensino (Endipe), as well as published in the three magazines categorized by the Qualis system as international A level (Cadernos de Pesquisa, Educação e Sociedade and Revista Brasileira de Educação). In the course of this reflection and research process, parallel issues were raised, such as the Curriculum and Instruction disciplinary fields boundaries and the interpretation of theoretical writings. In the conclusion of this dissertation, potentialities and specific features of instructional transposition and discourse recontextualization were underscored, as well as the importance of incorporating the discussion of these concepts to the teachers education curriculum.
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Buffe, Ana Lúcia Pires. "Compreensão sociológica de prática pedagógica de matemática : um olhar a partir de Basil Bernstein." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/60534.
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O presente estudo busca investigar como duas professoras de Matemática – uma delas trabalhando com duas turmas – da rede estadual de ensino do Rio Grande do Sul definem seus currículos e realizam suas práticas pedagógicas comparando as mesmas quanto ao melhor desempenho dos alunos, nesta disciplina. A metodologia qualitativa orientou o desenvolvimento deste trabalho, realizando-se a coleta de dados através de observação participante das aulas e das entrevistas semi - estruturadas com as professoras. O referencial teórico fundamenta-se em Basil Bernstein que possibilitou a análise do currículo, da pedagogia e da avaliação de Matemática da sexta série do ensino fundamental. Tomou-se como definições operacionais das práticas pedagógicas, os estudos de Morais et al., 1993. Nos contextos educacionais investigados, predominaram classificações fortes quanto ao currículo de Matemática. As práticas pedagógicas, quanto ao discurso instrucional, manifestaram-se com forte controle das professoras nas dimensões seleção do conhecimento e critérios de avaliação; nas dimensões seqüência e ritmagem houve variação na força do controle das mesmas. Quanto ao discurso regulador, as professoras assumiram posturas diferentes em relação às regras hierárquicas. Foi considerado o contexto educacional mais efetivo o da Turma B1 da Professora B pelo desempenho dos alunos novos e repetentes e pela voz dada aos alunos no processo de transmissão – aquisição.This study aims to investigate how two Mathematic teachers – one of them teaching two classes – from the Rio Grande do Sul public educational system define their curricula and perform their pedagogical practice comparing them as to the students’ best performance in this subject. The qualitative methodology guided the development of this work, data being collected through participant observation of the classes and half-structured interviews with teachers. The theoretical foundation is based on Basil Bernstein who opened the possibility of analysing the curriculum, the pedagogy and the evaluation of sixth grade in elementary school. Morais et al.’ studies, 1993, were taken as source of the operational definitions of the pedagogical pratices. Strong classifications as to the curriculum of Mathematics predominated in the educational contexts investigated, The pedagogical practice, as to the instructional discourse, disclosed strong teachers’ control in the dimensions of selection of knowledge and criteria of evaluation; in the dimensions of sequencing and pacing there was variation in the strength of control . About the regulative discourse, the teachers have assumed different positions concerning the hierarchical rules. Group B1 of Teacher B was considered the most effective educational context considering new and repeater students’ performance and also due to the voice given to the students in the transmission–acquisition process.
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Vester, Jannike. "Muntlig framställning i de lägre årskurserna : En kvalitativ studie om lärares arbete i svenskämnet." Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Akademin för bibliotek, information, pedagogik och IT, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-10607.
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InledningSvenskämnet är ett av våra viktigaste ämnen och utgör en bas för språkutvecklingen hos elever. Språket är något vi människor använder varje dag och som är nödvändigt för att klara vardagen. I svenskämnet ska elever, enligt läroplanen, ges möjlighet att utveckla språket för att tänka, kommunicera och lära. Det är viktigt att elever utvecklar sin språkliga förmåga och lär sig att framföra sin talan, för att kunna verka i ett samhälle som bygger mycket på muntlig framställning och att man kan uttrycka sig korrekt, både muntligt och skriftligt.SyfteSyftet med studien är att belysa ett antal lågstadielärares erfarenheter om hur de arbetar med muntlig framställning i svenskämnet.MetodStudien har utgått från en kvalitativ metod med intervju som redskap. Urvalet för intervjuerna utgörs av lärare som undervisar i svenska för årskurs 1-3. Materialet samlades in och analyserades utifrån Basil Bernsteins begrepp inramning. Resultatet av det insamlade materialet redovisas med hjälp av citat från intervjuerna.ResultatResultatet av undersökningen visar att samtliga lärare som deltagit arbetar medvetet med att eleverna ska börja utveckla sin förmåga att genomföra muntliga framställningar redan från årskurs ett. Lärarna lägger stort fokus på hur man är en god lyssnare vid en muntlig framställning. Det framkommer även att lärarna anser att det krävs ett tryggt klassrumsklimat med en aktivt lyssnande publik, för att kunna utveckla elevernas förmåga att genomföra muntliga framställningar.
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Jarmo, Rachel. "A critical discourse analysis of the construction of knowledge of gender in sociology at upper-secondary school." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Fakulteten för lärande och samhälle (LS), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-40061.
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This thesis presents a critical discourse analysis of how the sociology of gender is constructed in the sociology syllabus and two textbooks aimed for use at upper secondary school level. I use Bernstein’s theory of framing and classification to understand how power over knowledge is distributed through this construction. I take as my starting point that sociology, as framed in the syllabus, allocates a lot of power over knowledge to individual teachers. I outline the short history of sociology as a Swedish school subject and problematise this based on the fact that the majority of sociology teachers have limited education in sociology. I argue further that sociology as a discipline is characterised by an ambiguous canon and lack of pedagogic traditions. This increases the demands on sociology teachers. Based on previous research, I identify the sociology of gender as a potentially contentious area that warrants investigation. Critical Discourse Analysis (herein - CDA) takes as its starting point that discourses are a vehicle of ideology, and that ideology is capable of oppression or marginalization. Through critical discourse analysis it can be revealed that the construction of knowledge of gender marginalises queer voices and sociological perspectives on gender from outside the global North whilst simultaenously segregating feminist theory from mainstream sociology. “Mainstream sociology” in this context can be taken to include theories and perspectives which are used to understand society and social processes as a whole, such as the class, crime and deviance, the state and media. The construction of gender also selectively draws upon dominant socio-cultural discourses on gender, such as gender equality politics and sociological research. Violence against women, and masculinity are two topics identified as important in gender equality politics, for example, but are not part of the construction of the knowledge on gender. This is in itself not surprising, the analysed course is only 100 points in total and cannot possibly cover everything, but it does raise questions about which perspectives are included and which are excluded. Importantly, the purpose of this thesis is not to discredit the knowledge of gender as constructed by the syllabus and textbooks, and to supplant it with other perspectives. This would be unconscionably arrogant and simply replacing one set of ideologies with other ideologies. This would be counterproductive to the aims of CDA. The purpose is rather to reveal the ideologies behind the discourse and enable an informed discussion from multiple perspectives. I conclude this thesis by arguing for the benefits of introducing norm critical pedagogy into sociology teaching as a means of countering bias in knowledge creation and selection, and as a pedagogical tool in a field where no identifiable pedagogic approach exists as yet.
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Lorenz, Viviane Esther. "Arte e conscientização ambiental : uma reflexão sobre a formação continuada de professores, fundamentada em Basil Bernstein." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/21392.
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A presente tese, integrante da linha de pesquisa - O sujeito da educação: conhecimento, linguagem e contextos, na temática Sociologia e Educação, e do projeto de pesquisa Perspectivas de Ensino na Educação Básica: prática pedagógica e formação de professores, coordenado pela professora doutora Maria Helena Degani Veit, é o registro de uma pesquisa-ação que toma como base uma formação em serviço, promovida pela pesquisadora, oferecida a 14 professoras do ensino fundamental, no município de Igrejinha (RS), no ano de 2006. Reflete sobre a integração de diferentes campos de conhecimento, numa ação transdisciplinar que objetiva uma interpretação contextual da realidade do Século XXI, especialmente, das questões ambientais próprias da contemporaneidade, a partir de conteúdos de Arte. Enfatiza o compromisso da educação, na formação de um sujeito consciente de sua responsabilidade na preservação de condições de vida no planeta. Constitui uma auto-avaliação da formação promovida fundamentada em referencial teórico do sociólogo Basil Bernstein. Reflete sobre a modalidade pedagógica desenvolvida pela investigadora e sua relação com desempenhos evidenciados em posterior prática docente das educadoras integrantes da formação, analisada com base nos mesmos conceitos. Os resultados da pesquisa ressaltam a necessidade de acompanhamento posterior, assessorando a prática pedagógica das docentes de forma a garantir a aplicação dos princípios e conceitos desenvolvidos na formação. Ressaltam a necessidade de investimento em seus saberes teóricos e o desenvolvimento de modalidades pedagógicas, fundamentadas em relações democráticas, e em critérios de avaliação explícitos. Contempla o grau de aquisição de regras de reconhecimento, inferido pelas evidencias quanto às regras de realização, observado nas práticas das professoras; e como Rosa (2007), defende a presença de um discurso regulador planejado de modo a oferecer condições de desenvolvimento a um discurso instrucional capaz de promover efetiva aprendizagem.This dissertation is part of the research line, “The Subject of Education: Knowledge, Language and Contexts”, under the theme, “Sociology and Education”, and part of the research project, “Perspectives of Teaching in Basic Education: Pedagogical Practice and Teacher Training”, which is coordinated by Professor Maria Helena Degani Veit. It discusses a research-action project based on a training course offered by the author to 14 elementary school teachers in the municipality of Igrejinha, state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, in 2006. The dissertation reflects on the integration of different fields of knowledge in a transdisciplinary action designed to give a contextual interpretation of the reality of the 21st century, particularly of contemporary environmental issues, on the basis of art. It emphasizes the commitment of education to the training of subjects aware of their responsibility for the preservation of the Earth. It is a self-evaluation of the training course based on a theoretical framework provided by Basil Bernstein. It reflects on the pedagogical model developed by the author and its relation with the later teaching practice of the educators who participated in the training course, which is analyzed on the basis of the same concepts. Its results indicate the need for follow-up of the teachers’ practice in order to guarantee the application of the principles developed in the training course. These results highlight the need for investment in their theorical knowledge and the development of pedagogical models based on democratic relations and explicit assessment criteria. The dissertation discusses the degree of the acquisition of recognition rules inferred by evidences as to the realization rules observed in the teachers’ practices as Rosa (2007), it argues for the presence of a regulative discourse planned to offer conditions for the development of an instructional discourse capable of promoting an effective learning.
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Gustaf, Arvidsson. "Pedagogiska diskurser i samhällskunskapens demokratiundervisning : En kvalitativ studie av lärares tolkning och iscensättning av läroplanspolitiska mål." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Akademin för lärande, humaniora och samhälle, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-36241.
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Föreliggande studie syftar till att undersöka vilka pedagogiska diskurser som framträder när samhällskunskapslärare på en västsvensk gymnasieskola talar om hur de undervisar om demokrati samt vilka diskurser som framträder genom undervisningens examinationsuppgifter. Det empiriska materialet består av semistrukturerade intervjuer med fem samhällskunskapslärare samt av de prov som syftar till att examinera demokrati. Detta material analyseras sedan tematiskt med hjälp utav Basil Bernsteins teorier om bland annat den pedagogiska diskursen, vilket utgör föreliggande studies teoretiska ramverk. Resultatet visar att undervisningen i demokrati ser olika ut på en och samma skola beroende på vem det är som undervisar. Till största del innehåller den pedagogisk diskursen en horisontell kunskapsstruktur vilket visar sig i framförallt lärarnas examinationsuppgifter, men också till viss del i deras egna utsagor. Uppsatsen visar också att skillnader i elevsyn mellan lärare påverkar undervisningen i olika riktningar. Vidare argumenteras det för att det existerar olika diskursiva grupptillhörigheter på en västsvensk gymnasieskola, men att det finns en dominerande kommunikativ och ämneskonceptuell diskurs som de flesta samhällslärare verkar inom.
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Silva, Gisleine Souza da. "O discurso pedagógico segundo a teoria de Basil Bernstein : o contexto de sala de aula no ensino de química." Pós-Graduação em Ensino de Ciências e Matemática, 2014. https://ri.ufs.br/handle/riufs/5136.
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Neste trabalho são descritas as relações sociológicas envolvidas no âmbito escolar de professores de Química do Ensino Médio de duas escolas da cidade de Itabaiana-SE. Para discutir as relações envolvidas na comunidade escolar foi utilizado um recorte da Teoria de Basil Bernstein, em específico o Modelo do Discurso Pedagógico centrado no contexto escola/sala de aula, proposto pelo Grupo de Estudos Sociológicos da Sala de Aula (ESSA). Os sujeitos da pesquisa foram: direção, coordenação, alunos (1º e 3º Ano do Ensino Médio), pais ou responsável e professores de química. A pesquisa foi desenvolvida a partir do uso de uma metodologia mista. Os resultados mostraram que as relações entre os sujeitos professor-escola não são tão efetivas isto porque são enfatizadas apenas as interações principalmente em momentos de reuniões. A relação entre professor-pais de alunos é praticamente inexistente e a relação professor-aluno ocorre de maneira mais efetiva, porém contém imperfeições que
devem ser corrigidas, segundo o modelo adotado como referencial. Em comparação ao modelo teórico para prática pedagógica do professor, proposto pelo grupo ESSA, os dois professores pesquisados apresentam similaridades em suas práticas pedagógicas, em relação ao modelo adotado. A maior discrepância nas práticas dos dois professores é em relação à classificação do espaço entre os professores e alunos, para o professor 1 há uma nítida separação do espaço, diferentemente do professor 2 que apresentou classificação fraca. Para uma prática pedagógica favorável ao desenvolvimento escolar deve-se buscar o estreitamento das relações entre todos os sujeitos envolvidos, na busca por classificação e enquadramento próximo ao modelo de uma prática pedagógica mista que seja favorável ao sucesso do aluno na escola.
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Diehl, Monika. "-Måste det här vara som en väckelserörelse? : en studie om (det som kallas) entreprenöriellt lärande i grundskolan, utifrån Basil Bernsteins begreppsapparat." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Pedagogiska institutionen, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-133037.
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The aim of this compilation thesis is to describe prerequisites for what, in a Swedish educational context, is often called ‘entrepreneurial learning’ and to examine the possible influence that this has on school practice. The study was carried out in two lower secondary schools and was guided by the following two research questions. First, how is entrepreneurial learning reflected in educational practice regarding teaching, learning and assessment? Second, how has the phenomenon of entrepreneurship been recontextualized in educational discourse through politics and policy? Basil Bernstein’s concepts and theories have consistently been the point of departure for analysis. Altogether, 52 classroom observations were made, particularly focusing on the subjects of social science, science and mathematics. In addition, 8 individual interviews with teachers and 15 group interviews with pupils were conducted. For decades, national and international policy documents have promoted the need for a creative, innovative and flexible future working force; bringing this about has highly involved the education system. In Sweden, entrepreneurship was inscribed in the curriculum in 2011, and it is meant to run like a thread throughout education. In this study the broad approach of entrepreneurship in education, which is about generating an entrepreneurial mindset, is focused. Research points out various difficulties and dilemmas regarding the implementation of entrepreneurial learning. These difficulties and dilemmas are connected to concerns about perceived difficulties in relation to differences in school subjects, pupils’ backgrounds, degree of managerial support and/or collegial consensus and cooperation. The main findings are linked to recurrent difficulties regarding teaching methods and assessments in relation to entrepreneurial learning. Curricula and syllabi express explicit learning outcomes, which both teachers and learners perceive as being challenging to combine with entrepreneurial classroom work. This in turn links to an aspect which is often addressed in research—that is, the question about whether to use traditional or entrepreneurial (progressive) teaching methods. Curricula express a need for both, and teachers often find it difficult to find a functioning balance between them, not least because of current societal discussions and demands. In many respects, the implementation of entrepreneurial learning sends mixed messages. On the one hand, pupils are meant to develop entrepreneurial skills and competencies through cooperation and interaction within groups, and, on the other hand, the essence of entrepreneurship indicates competition; this is yet another dilemma addressed in the study. The study shows that, due to the schools’ different prerequisites regarding, for instance, teachers’ approaches and understandings and the schools’ catchment areas, entrepreneurial learning is performed somewhat different. Bernstein’s concepts and theories offer tools to explain and understand different aspects, including dilemmas and difficulties in relation to both classroom practice and social discourse.
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Mason, Lindsey Lea. "Teacher Communication in Title I Elementary Music Classrooms: Perceptions of Elementary Music Classroom Teachers." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2013. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc407827/.
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The increasing cultural diversity in the United States has brought not only richness, but also complex challenges, to various segments of American society, particularly with regard to public schools. As the student population continues to diversify while teacher population remains predominately White, female, and middle class, teacher awareness in the classroom might be an integral piece to assist students marginalized by stereotypes in feeling more empowered in the school community. Through qualitative data collection and analysis, and framed by Basil Bernstein’s language code theory, this study explored teachers’ perceptions of how classroom interactions, in light of differences in communication, might impact students of different socio-economic backgrounds from the teacher. The findings of this study indicated that the participants expressed a desire to connect with all of their students, regardless of their background. They also discussed challenges that made relationships difficult, such as feelings of disconnect from their Title I students and their families based on differences in home life and background. This dissonance was often difficult for the participants to reconcile due to pressures and difficulties in their teaching situations, such as the large number of students and the scheduling of classes, curricular pressures, and other district expectations such as after-school ensembles. Implications for practicing music teachers and teacher education include ways to understand students’ communities and rethinking ways of approaching relevant terminology in education.
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Karassellos, Lara Tracey. "Does subject matter? A comparative study of framing and classification in the online and contact versions of two postgraduate management courses and the implications for student learning." Master's thesis, Faculty of Humanities, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/31176.
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This study is positioned in the context of the South African higher education landscape, which is currently grappling with issues of access and inequality. Online education is one of the potential approaches to expand access to South African students, but has often been met with skepticism as to its pedagogical quality, and has been perceived as an inferior alternative to traditional contact education. A comparative research design is followed in which two courses within a postgraduate marketing management qualification at a South African public university are compared. This qualification is offered in both contact and online format. The same courses within different modes of education are compared, as well as different courses within the same mode of education. A coding system was created based on Basil Bernstein’s concepts of framing and classification, and the courses were compared based on various dimensions of framing and classification. The study aimed to explore the affordances and limitations of both contact and online education. It was found that the ‘sequence’ and ‘pace’ aspects of framing are impacted by mode of education, with the online learning environment allowing students more agency in determining the pace and sequence of their learning. The ‘hierarchical rules’ aspect of framing is also impacted by mode, with the online courses offering an inherently non-hierarchical learning environment. It was found that weaker framing over these elements can present either an affordance or limitation, depending on the subject matter, with some types of subject matter being well suited to weaker framing over sequence, pace, and hierarchical rules, and others being constrained by it.
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Meyer, Thomas George. "Global human rights and contextualised civic learning : a case study of human rights education in Japan." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2017. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:f073a51d-20b8-4610-bc37-84370d4700a5.
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While global human rights knowledge has become a central facet of curricula used to shape multicultural societies and develop cosmopolitan citizenry, such knowledge is shaped by sociopolitical context. Japan has a long history of incorporating human rights concepts into its citizenship curriculum; however, this curriculum is produced in a political context where there is resistance to extending rights to minorities and the disadvantaged, and where there are renewed attempts to emphasise traditional Japanese cultural values through education. Potential tensions have been recognised, yet little has been written about educational knowledge as end product, or its role in informing learner and teacher understanding of human rights. Intentions to promote inclusivity and new communal identities notwithstanding, this work establishes that the recontextualising discourse of human rights within Japan's school curriculum, as a discourse that regulates identity and citizenship, portrays the rights of marginalised and non-Japanese identities as privileges extending beyond the norm of society, while at the same time implicitly denying ethnic Japanese individuals full access to rights language. Thus, while learners regard human rights of value, many are less receptive and empathetic to rights claims made by non-like others, and are likely to consider society as incapable of embracing diversity. Human rights concepts possess symbolic value and weight; however, their symbolic importance can be easily embedded within particularistic notions of identity and nationality to ends contrary to multiculturalism and cosmopolitanism, which for this research was witnessed in their transformation into tools for cultural and political legitimacy by the Japanese State. This research arrives at these conclusions through a systemic, holistic analysis of human rights learning in Japan that ties official knowledge to instructional and learning outcomes. This research is first a mixed-method policy sociology utilising computer-based analytical techniques to examine the structure and content of human rights knowledge within upper-secondary social studies textbooks representing Japan's official curriculum. This is followed by a comparative case study of two upper-secondary institutional sites of human rights learning, an academic, public coeducational western Japan senior high school, and a private Tokyo girls' senior high school, the primary differentiation being that the western Japan school is an explicit site of human rights learning, applying its own content and pedagogic practice as part of a specialised human rights curriculum designed to supplement the official curriculum. This research not only has implications for Japan in yielding a greater understanding of how the curriculum engages and reproduces identities and to what end, but also potentially to understand how similar tensions and contradictions between universal and particular play out in other national, State-sponsored education contexts.
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Escofet, Roig Anna. "Anàlisi del discurs regulatiu a l'ensenyament." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/2938.
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Aquesta tesi és un estudi sobre el discurs regulatiu en els centres d'ensenyament primari i secundari de Catalunya. L'òptica des de la qual partim i que emmarca teòricament aquesta investigació és la teoria creada per Basil Bernstein els anys seixanta, i desenvolupada fins a l'actualitat. Aquesta teoria s'inscriu en el camp de la sociologia de l'educació i fa una anàlisi del sistema educatiu com eix fonamental de transmissió cultural, cosa que permet explicar les complexes relacions entre escola i societat. Aquest és, si més no el nostre interès.Per aconseguir el nostre propòsit ens basem en les teoritzacions de Bernstein i en estudis pràctics de col.laboradors i deixebles d'aquest sociòleg. Al llarg de l'explicació dels fonaments teòrics es veuran referències concretes a aquests autors.
L'interès que té aquest projecte es pot explicar a més d'un nivell. Primer de tot, la investigació que es planteja pretén ampliar els coneixements dins de la teoria bemsteniana de la construcció social del discurs pedagògic, fent èmfasi en una part no gaire treballada pels continuadors i deixebles del sociòleg, el discurs regulatiu. Això permetrà aprofundir en la teoria esmentada, poc coneguda encara al nostre país, ni a nivell teòric ni a nivell de possibles aplicacions a l'escola, malgrat que ja fa un cert temps que va ser creada.
Un segon punt d'interès resideix en el mateix estudi. La divisió que es fa del discurs pedagògic i de les seves pràctiques -instruccional i regulativa-, l'estudi concret del discurs i les pràctiques regulatives, permet ampliar la visió que tenim de l'escola i ens pot fer reflexionar sobre un punt, que no per obvi, de vegades deixem de costat. L'estudi que es pot fer de la producción de la subjectivitat de l'alumne i de les relacions verticals i horitzontals que es donen a qualsevol lloc (físic i temporal) de l'escola hauria de permetre repensar la pràctica pedagògica des d'aquesta perspectiva.
Per aconseguir el nostre propòsÍt, la tesi plantejarà una investigació sociològica per estudiar la tipologia del discurs i de les pràctiques regulatives a les escoles d'ensenyament primari í secundari de Catalunya.
En primer lloc, hi ha la Part.Primera que pretén centrar a nivell teòric la nostra òptica de treball. Aquesta part està dedicada en la seva totalitat a la descripció de la teoria bernsteiniana, i més concretament, als desenvolupaments teòrics centrats en la descripció del sistema educatiu com a eix de transmissió cultural.
La Part Segona parteix dels pressupostos teòrics exposats per iniciar una investigadó sociològica centrada en l'anàlisi de la tipologia dels discursos i pràctiques educatives dels centres d'ensenyament primari i secundari públic de Catalunya. Aquesta investigació té dues parts diferenciades. Una primera està basada en el pas d'un qüestionari als equips directius d'aproximadament 650 centres públics de primària i secundària catalans. Aquest qüestionari pretén caracteritzar el tipus de discurs educatiu de cada un dels centres estudiats, amb l'objectiu d'arribar a construir una taxonomia que categoritzi les diferents tipologies que podem trobar. A més, el mateix qüestionari s'ha passat a un grup de centres d'ensenyament privat i a un grup de centres d'ensenyament públic andalusos, que actuen com a grups de control.
La segona part de la investigació té com a objectíu l'estudi de la tipologia de les pràctiques educatives dels mateixos centres, amb el doble objectiu de veure les coincidències entre el discurs teòric de cada centre i la realitat de la pràctica a l'aula, en primer lloc; i en segon, per poder estudiar en profunditat la relació de la pràctica educativa i les característiques socials d'educands i educador. En aquesta part també s'inclouen els resultats dels grups de control dels centres d'ensenyament privat i dels centres d'ensenyament públic andalusos.
Per acabar, la tesi inclou un apartat denominat Conclusions, Reflexions i Suggeriments, que vol ser la cloenda de les reflexions que amb aquesta tesi no fan més que iniciar-se i que esperem poder continuar desenvolupant.
This thesis is a study of regulative discourse in educational centres. The theoretical basis of this investigation is the theory created by Basil Bernstein. This theory, in the field of sociology of education, sets out to analyze the educational system as the fundamental axis of cultural transmission.
The thesis proposes a sociological investigation to study the form of regulative discourse and regulative practices in Primary and Secondary Schools in Catalonia.
The investigation has two distinct parts. The first is based on a questionnaire given out to the heads of approximately 650 public educational centres, in an attempt to classify the different typologies of educative discourses found. The second part of the investigation aims to study the typology of educative practices in the same centres with two main objectives: Firstly, to find out if similarities exists between the theoretical discourse in each centre and the real practices in the classroom; Secondly, to study in depth the relationship between the educational practice and the social characteristics of the pupils and teachers.
Summarizing the results obtained, we have to say that the closed values, in general, in the regulative and instructional educational practices correspond to the closed values of the institutional educational discourse in these centres. Furthermore, the results obtained have allowed us to affirm that there is an influence at the level of teaching in the type of educational practice carried out in the classroom. We have also been able to observe that the instructional educational practice and the regulative educational practice are closely related in such a way that when one presents open values the other does the same and vice versa.
Lastly, we have been unable to find out whether the social characteristics of pupils influence the type of educational practice in the classroom. We have also been unable to clearly establish, although certain tendencies can be observed, whether the social characteristics of the teaching staff influence the educational practice in the classroom.
We consider these results to be of considerable interest and open to further investigation.
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Hederstedt, Alve. "Likvärdighet i Idrott och Hälsa." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Fakulteten för lärande och samhälle (LS), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-36361.
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Examensarbetet behandlar innehåll i idrott och hälsa 1 och dess relation till likvärdig utbildning. Likvärdig utbildning är en del av skollagen, samtidigt finns det inget definierat begrepp från svenska myndigheter vad det innebär. Tidigare forskning om idrott och hälsa i skolan visar på att ämnet innehåller fysisk aktivitet, bollspel och praktiska moment. Syftet med arbetet är undersöka hur lärares planering och val av undervisningsinnehåll påverkar likvärdig utbildning.Undersökningen bygger på kvantitativ data som är visualiserad genom en univariate data analysis. Materialet är termins-och årsplaneringar från lärare i idrott och hälsa 1. Resultaten analyserades med teori utvecklad av Basil Bernstein. Begreppen som användes för analysen var the pedagogical device, framing of knowledge och vertical & horizontal discourse. Resultaten visar på att lärare väljer ut olika sorters innehåll och ämnesfokus. De visar även på att lärare arbetar med mycket praktiska moment och att få av lektionerna är kopplade till kursplanen. Analysen visar på att lärare i idrott och hälsa 1 har olika förståelse hur de olika ämnesområdena inom idrott och hälsa bygger på varandra och är relaterade till varandra, lärarna har stor kontroll över hur undervisningen är strukturerad och vilket innehåll som förekommer. Slutsatsen argumenterar för att utbildningen inte är likvärdig på grund av lärarnas val, yttre faktorer och ämnets struktur.
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Cardoso, Helen Rodrigues. "Turismo Pedagógico : processo de recontextualização de uma viagem rumo ao conhecimento." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/61744.
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Esta tese tem como objeto de estudo uma proposta de turismo pedagógico embasada na teoria sociológica. Faz parte do projeto de pesquisa Perspectivas de ensino na educação básica: prática pedagógica e formação de professores, sob a coordenação da Professora Doutora Maria Helena Degani Veit, socióloga, pertencente à Linha de Pesquisa O sujeito da educação: conhecimento, linguagem e contextos, do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação (PPGEdu) da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS). Através de uma pesquisaação, foi acompanhada a implantação de um projeto piloto de turismo pedagógico na Rede Municipal de Ensino de Balneário Pinhal, uma cidade do Litoral Norte do Rio Grande do Sul. O estudo teve o objetivo de verificar o potencial de experiências de turismo pedagógico na qualificação do processo de ensino e aprendizagem, como uma alternativa de concretização de uma modalidade de pedagogia mista com integração curricular. O projeto piloto de turismo pedagógico teve as seguintes etapas: (a) encontros de formação – estudo de conceitos teóricos para o embasamento do planejamento da prática pedagógica; (b) encontros de planejamento da prática pedagógica; (c) realização de atividades de preparação das visitas de estudo do meio (etapa denominada de Despertando a Curiosidade); (d) realização de uma Aula-Passeio; (e) realização de atividades de avaliação do trabalho (etapa denominada de Compartilhando as Experiências); e (f) avaliação do projeto piloto pelos sujeitos da pesquisa, as professoras das turmas participantes. O trabalho foi embasado na contribuição teórica de Basil Bernstein (1996, 1998), a respeito de currículo, pedagogia e avaliação; em Ana Maria Morais et al. (2001, 2003, 2004) quanto à prática pedagógica mista; e em Jurjo Torres Santomé (1996), James Beane (2003) e Aires (2011), com relação à integração curricular; e em Ivani Fazenda (1997, 2003, 2008), com respeito a reflexões sobre interdisciplinaridade. O projeto de turismo pedagógico foi considerado pelas professoras participantes uma possibilidade viável, interessante e envolvente de integração curricular, propiciando uma aprendizagem efetiva e prazerosa aos alunos. Assim, o Turismo Pedagógico se configura em uma alternativa de integração do currículo, uma possibilidade de despertar o encantamento do aluno pelo seu lugar no mundo e, por consequência, o respeito, a curiosidade e a admiração por todos os lugares do mundo.This thesis has as its object of study a proposal of pedagogical tourism based on sociological theory. It is part of the research project, Perspectivas de ensino na educação básica: prática pedagógica e formação de professores, coordinated by Professor Maria Helena Degani Veit, a sociologist. It belongs to the research line, O Sujeito da Educação, conhecimento, linguagem e contextos of the Programa de Pós- Graduação em Educação (PPGEDU) da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS). Through an action-research, the implementation of a pilot project on pedagogical tourism was accompanied in Balneário Pinhal´s municipal schools. Balneário Pinhal is a city located on the northern coast of Rio Grande do Sul. This study aimed at verifying the potential for experiences in pedagogical tourism in the improvement of the teaching-learning process as an alternative for the realization of a mixed pedagogy with curriculum integration. The pilot project on pedagogical tourism followed the following steps: (a) training meetings – study of theoretical concepts in order to support the planning of teaching practices; (b) planning meetings of the teaching practices; (c) carrying out activities in preparation for the visits to study the environment (step called Arousing Curiosity); (d) taking an educational outing; (e) performing activities of assessment of the work (step called Sharing Experiences); (f) evaluation of the pilot project by the research subjects, the teachers of the participating classes. The work was based on the theoretical works of: Basil Bernstein (1996, 1998) about curriculum, pedagogy and evaluation; Ana Maria Morais et al. (2001, 2003, 2004) about mixed pedagogic practice; Jurjo Torres Santomé (1996), James Beane (2003) and Aires (2011) about curriculum integration; and Ivani Fazenda (1997, 2003, 2008) about interdisciplinarity. The pedagogical tourism project was considered by the participant teachers as an interesting, engaging and feasible possibility of curriculum integration, providing an enjoyable and effective learning for students. Thus, the Pedagogical Tourism is set as an alternative mode of curriculum integration, an opportunity to awaken the student's enchantment by its place in the world and, therefore, to develop respect, curiosity and admiration for all the places in the world.
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Szewczyk, Karolina. "Betydelsen av klass : En diskursanalys av artiklar skrivna av svensklärare och skärningspunkten mellan dessa lärares föreställningar om klass i relation till den beskrivna praktiken." Thesis, Jönköping University, Högskolan för lärande och kommunikation, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-49833.
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Syftet med undersökningen är att belysa hur svensklärare förhåller sig till klass samt huruvida klassperspektivet påverkar lärarnas beskrivna praktik. Syftet utmynnar i följande frågeställningar: o Vilken signifikans tillskrivs klassperspektivet i svensklärarnas artiklar? o Vilka kopplingar går att utläsa mellan lärarnas förhållande till klassperspektiv och deras beskrivna praktik som lärare? Materialet i undersökningen utgörs av artiklar författade av svensklärare i Svensklärarföreningens publikationer, tidskriften Svenskläraren samt Svensklärarföreningens årsskrift , åren 2014–2020. En diskursanalytisk metod inspirerad av James Paul Gee används för att analysera materialet och den teoretiska utgångspunkten utgörs av utbildningssociologen Basil Bernsteins begrepp begränsad och elaborerad kod samt horisontell och vertikal diskurs. Undersökningen visar för det första att det är ovanligt att lärarna uttryckligen skriver om klass. För det andra visar undersökningen att svensklärarna genom sina beskrivna praktiker kan sägas tillskriva klass en betydelse men att denna inte anses avgörande för elevers möjligheter att lyckas i skolan. Detta eftersom lärarna på olika sätt uttrycker att det är möjligt att inkludera alla elever i sin undervisning genom en fungerande praktik.The aim of this study is to illustrate how teachers of Swedish relate to class and whether the notion of class affect the practice described by the teachers. The following questions are used to attain the purpose of the study: o What significance is attributed to the notion of class in the articles written by the teachers? o Which connections are made between the teacher’s notion of class and the descriptions of their practices as teachers? The material consists of articles written by teachers of Swedish in the publications by Svensklärarföreningen, the journal Svenskläraren and the annual Svensklärarföreningens årsskrift , during the years 2014-2020. A discourse analytic method, inspired by James Paul Gee, is used to analyze the material and the theoretical base consists of the educational sociologist Basil Bernstein’s concepts of the restricted and elaborated code, as well as the horizontal and vertical discourse. The study shows, that it is unusual for the teachers to explicitly write about class. Secondly, the study shows that the Swedish teachers, through their described practices, can be said to attribute class a significance, but that this is not considered to be decisive for the students’ opportunities to succeed in school. This since the teachers express, in different ways, a possibility to include all students in the teaching through a functioning practice.
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Cardoso, Helen Rodrigues. "Uma compreensão sociológica do processo de alfabetização : comparando diferentes práticas." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/5067.
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Este estudo analisa oito dimensões do currículo, da prática pedagógica e da avaliação, no ano letivo de 2004, em duas turmas de alfabetização de escolas públicas de Porto Alegre – uma Estadual e outra Municipal. O processo de alfabetização numa escola organizada por Séries é comparado com o realizado na escola organizada por Ciclos de Formação. Os resultados encontrados nestas duas práticas são comparados com os resultados obtidos numa prática de alfabetização investigada em 1984 (Veit, 1990), na mesma Escola Estadual. Esta investigação foi baseada na teoria do sociólogo Basil Bernstein (1996, 1998) e inspirada nas definições operacionais de uma pesquisa realizada em Lisboa por Morais et al. (1993). A comparação entre os três contextos educacionais apresentou diferenças acentuadas entre as ideologias de um e de outro sistema de ensino, sendo possível distinguir, na Escola Estadual, uma modalidade de Pedagogia Visível e, na Escola Municipal, uma Pedagogia Invisível.This study analyzes eight dimensions of the curriculum, of the pedagogic practice and of the evaluation, in the school year of 2004, in two groups of literacy in Porto Alegre public schools’ - a State one and a Municipal one. The literacy process in one school system by “Series” is compared with one school organized by “Ciclos de Formação”. The results found in these two practices are compared with the results obtained in a literacy practice investigated in 1984 (Veit, 1990), in the same State School. This investigation was based upon sociologist Basil Bernstein's theory (1996, 1998) and inspired in the operational definitions of a research accomplished in Lisbon by Morais et al. (1993). The comparison among the three educational contexts presented strong differences between the ideologies of an and of the two different educational systems, being possible to distinguish, in the State School, a modality of Visible Pedagogy and, in the Municipal School, an Invisible Pedagogy.
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Gatto, Carmen Isabel. "O processo de definição das diretrizes operacionais para a educação de jovens e adultos : participação democrática das agências do campo recontextualizador oficial." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/16924.
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O presente estudo analisa o processo de definição das Diretrizes Operacionais para a Educação de Jovens e Adultos e a participação das agências do campo recontextualizador oficial. Esta pesquisa tratou de dois temas das Diretrizes: idade mínima para ingresso nos cursos e certificação para a EJA. Foi utilizado o conceito de classificação de Bernstein para descrever e analisar as relações entre agências do campo recontextualizador oficial abrangendo, também, o campo recontextualizador pedagógico e as posições dos representantes dessas agências acerca dos temas. O método da observação participante foi utilizado para a coleta de informações em cinco momentos, durante o mês de agosto de 2007 a outubro de 2008. Observou-se a trama de argumentos em cada encontro levando a quatro posições: favorável, contrária, não consensual ou ausência de posição com relação aos temas enfocados. O estudo revela um processo democrático de definição de normas que poderá proporcionar reflexão sobre políticas públicas para a Educação Básica. Os conceitos de modelo de competência e modelo de desempenho de Bernstein serviram para analisar o Exame Nacional de Certificação de Competências de Jovens e Adultos (ENCCEJA), demonstrando que não se trata de exame de competências, mas de verificação de desempenho dos participantes.This study examines the process of defining the Operational Guidelines for the Education of Young People and Adult and the participation of agencies of the official recontextualizing field. It deals with two issues of the Guidelines: minimum age for admission in the courses and certification for the EJA. Bernstein's concept of classification was used to describe and analyze the relationships between agencies of the official recontextualizing field covering also the pedagogic recontextualizing field and presenting the positions of the representatives of those agencies about the issues. The participant observation method was used to collect information on five occasions during the month of August 2007, and from August to October 2008. The intersection of arguments was observed in each meeting identifying four positions: a favorable one; an opposing one; a no consensus one and a lack of position considering the focused issues. The study reveals a democratic process of defining norms witch will provide reflection over public policies for the Basic Education. Bernstein's concept of competence model and performance model were employed to analyze the National Certification Examination Skills in Education for Youth and Adults (ENCCEJA), demonstrating that it is not an examination of competence but a verification of the performance of the participants.
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Elsenbach, Claírton. "A escola possível : um estudo sociológico do currículo de uma comunidade escolar na proposta Escola Cidadã." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/163472.
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Este estudo buscou como objetivo mostrar como os professores da escola pesquisada construíram suas práticas pedagógicas a partir de uma proposta político-pedagógica diferenciada em sua organização, em seu discurso e em sua forma de transmissão do conhecimento. A análise realizada através dos conceitos de classificação e de enquadramento do sociólogo Basil Bernstein indicou qual é o tipo de controle que o professor exerceu na prática pedagógica, e se existia ou não, um processo dialógico entre o transmissor e o adquirente. A análise destes aspectos na escola revelou um contexto social caracterizado por uma identidade própria quanto à distribuição, reprodução e mudança no código educacional: do de coleção para o de integração. Esta dissertação mostra uma prática pedagógica marcada pela permanente reflexão de como melhor construir o contexto escolar, pensando-se em professores que ensinam e aprendem, pensando-se em alunos que aprendem e ensinam, num dinamismo educacional onde as trocas cognitivas e sociais ocorreram numa rede de interações significativas visando à inclusão e à participação.This study aims at showing that the teachers of the researched school have built their pedagogic practice departing from a new political pedagogic proposal different in its organization, discourse and in its way of knowledge transmission. The analysis accomplished through the concepts of classification and framing of the sociologist Basil Bernstein pointed out to the type of control the teacher exerced in the pedagogic practice and wheather or not these was a dialogical process between transmitter and acquirer. The analysis of there aspects in the school revealed a social context featured by a particular identity as to the distribution, reproduction and change in the educational code: from one characterized as colection to that one of integration. This dissertation shows a pedagogie practice marked by permanent reflection as to better construct the school context, aiming at teachers who both teach and learn, and students who do the same, in an educational dynamism where the social and cognitive interchanges took place in a web of remarkable interactions intending inclusion and paticipation.
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Piccoli, Luciana. "Prática pedagógica nos processos de alfabetização e de letramento : análises a partir dos campos da sociologia da linguagem." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/18400.
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Esta tese de doutoramento foi desenvolvida na Linha de Pesquisa "O Sujeito da Educação: conhecimento, linguagem e contextos"; está vinculada ao projeto de pesquisa "Perspectivas de Ensino na Educação Básica: prática pedagógica e formação de professores" e relaciona à área da educação dois campos do conhecimento: o da sociologia - com a contribuição de Basil Bernstein - e o da linguagem - a partir dos estudos sobre letramentos sociais de Brian Street e sua interlocução com práticas escolares alfabetizadoras. A investigação constitui-se como um estudo de caso e teve por objetivo descrever e analisar a prática pedagógica de uma professora alfabetizadora da Rede Municipal de Ensino de Porto Alegre que se aproximou do modelo de pedagogia mista, proposto por Morais e Neves (2003) a partir da teoria de Bernstein. Durante o ano de 2005, foram observadas duas turmas de segundo ano do primeiro Ciclo de Formação do Ensino Fundamental e, durante o ano de 2006, foram acompanhadas essas mesmas turmas no terceiro ano. Finalizadas as observações, foi selecionada, para análise, a prática pedagógica de uma das professoras do segundo ano do primeiro ciclo tendo se revelado como aquela que produziu mais aprendizagem entre os alunos, no sentido de tornarem-se capazes de elaborar o texto considerado legítimo no contexto escolar. A partir de metodologia qualitativa, a observação participante foi a principal estratégia utilizada para a coleta de dados, com registro de situações interativas entre professora e alunos em um diário de campo e através de um gravador de voz. As unidades de descrição foram os eventos de alfabetização e de letramento, constituídos pelos elementos oralidade, leitura e escrita. Além disso, também foi realizada entrevista em profundidade com as docentes. Os conceitos de classificação e de enquadramento da teoria sociológica possibilitaram a análise de dimensões da prática pedagógica consideradas no modelo da pedagogia mista. Os resultados do estudo corroboraram os indicados pelo modelo: enquanto a seleção do conhecimento em nível macro e os critérios de avaliação manifestaram um enquadramento forte, a seleção em nível micro, a ritmagem e as regras hierárquicas apresentaram um fraco enquadramento. As relações entre os espaços da professora e os dos alunos foram marcadas por uma fraca classificação, assim como as relações entre os conhecimentos intradisciplinares, específicos dos processos de alfabetização e de letramento. No que se refere à área da linguagem, percebeu-se que a prática pedagógica da professora foi fundamentada em distintas perspectivas: na psicogênese da língua escrita, nos estudos sobre letramento e nos estudos sobre consciência fonológica, indicando a necessidade de diferentes metodologias para o ensino da leitura e da escrita. Dentre elas, evidenciou-se, sobretudo, a importância da intervenção pedagógica explícita da professora no que se refere ao processo de alfabetização para possibilitar a aprendizagem dos alunos, partindo dos conhecimentos das crianças para chegar à forma convencional de leitura e de escrita.This doctoral dissertation was developed within the Research Line "The Subject of Education: knowledge, language and contexts"; it is connected with the research project "Teaching Perspectives in Basic Education: pedagogical practice and teacher training" and relates two fields of knowledge to the educational area: Sociology - with the contribution of Basil Bernstein - and Language - based upon studies on social literacies by Brian Street and their intercommunication with literacy school practices. The investigation was conducted as a case study and aimed at describing and analyzing a teacher's literacy pedagogical practice within the Porto Alegre City Public School System. Such practice was the closest one to the mixed pedagogical model proposed by Morais and Neves (2003) based on Bernstein's theory. During the year 2005, two classes in the second grade of the first cycle of Elementary School were observed, and during the year 2006 the same classes were observed while in their third grade of the same cycle. When the observation phase was over, the pedagogical practice of one of the teachers in the second grade of the first cycle was selected for analysis having been revealed as the practice that produced the best learning results among the students, meaning the students had become capable of elaborating the text accepted as legitimate in the school context. Based upon qualitative methodology, the participant observation was the major strategy applied for data gathering, together with the recording of interactive situations between teacher and students on a field diary and also on a voice recorder. The description units were the literacy events represented by the elements of orality, reading and writing. Besides, interviews in depth were conducted with the teachers. The concepts of classification and framing of the sociological theory have enabled the analysis of the dimensions of the pedagogical practice considered in the mixed pedagogical model. The results of the study have confirmed those indicated by the model: the selection of knowledge at a macro level and the evaluation criteria have manifested a strong framing, whereas the selection at a micro level, the pacing and the hierarchical rules have shown a weak framing. The relations between the teacher's and the students' spaces were marked by a weak classification, as well as the intradisciplinary relations knowledges that are specific to the literacy processes. Regarding the language area, it has been noticed that the teacher's pedagogical practice was founded on distinctive perspectives: on the psychogenesis of the written language, on the studies about literacy and also on the studies about phonological awareness, therefore indicating the necessity of different methodologies for the teaching of reading and writing. Among them, it has become evident the importance of the teacher's explicit pedagogical intervention regarding the literacy process in order to enable the students' learning, starting from the children's knowledge up to the conventional ways of reading and writing.
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Lopes, Elaine Ferreira da Silva. "A prática pedagógica como o diferencial para um desempenho escolar efetivo : um estudo abordando as séries finais do ensino fundamental em escolas da periferia urbana de Porto Alegre." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/70588.
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Esta tese de doutorado foi desenvolvida na linha de pesquisa – O Sujeito da Educação: conhecimento, linguagem e contextos, na temática Sociologia e Educação, vinculada ao projeto de pesquisa Perspectivas de Ensino na Educação Básica: prática pedagógica e formação de professores, coordenado pela Professora Maria Helena Degani Veit, Ph.D. Na tese, foram analisadas cinco práticas pedagógicas, de professores das séries finais do Ensino Fundamental, da disciplina de Língua Portuguesa, em duas escolas estaduais da periferia urbana da cidade de Porto Alegre, que haviam atingido as metas de 2009 propostas pelo IDEB (Índice de Desenvolvimento da Educação Básica) e tendo possibilidade de promoverem bons resultados escolares nos alunos dos grupos socialmente desfavorecidos. Este estudo objetiva identificar qual a modalidade de ensino aprendizagem utilizada nas práticas investigadas que têm possibilitado aos alunos, durante o percurso escolar, aprenderem o que lhes é proposto na respectiva série. Para examinar essas práticas pedagógicas foram utilizados os modelos de Pedagogia Visível e Invisível construídos por Basil Bernstein; e o terceiro modelo, chamado Pedagogia Mista, conforme Morais e Neves. As práticas também foram interpretadas considerando as nove situações de modalidades de ensino aprendizagem apresentadas pelos autores Cortesão e Stoer. Ao investigar essas práticas, a atenção esteve voltada às condições em que o ensino é oferecido, à formação do professor, à organização do currículo e à estrutura da escola. Após a descrição, análise e interpretação dos dados, é possível afirmar, que as práticas pedagógicas investigadas se aproximam mais das características de uma Pedagogia Visível. Segundo Bernstein (1996, p. 81), as Pedagogias Visíveis são definidas por transmissões e aquisições com fortes classificação e enquadramento. Elas se caracterizam por um discurso instrucional com regras de sequenciamento e critérios de avaliação explícitos e, compassamento forte, e por um discurso regulador com hierarquia explícita. Porém, com relação a currículo, a dimensão “diferentes conteúdos de Língua Portuguesa” apresenta, nas práticas pedagógicas investigadas, classificação fraca. Com relação às nove situações de ensino aprendizagem indicadas por Cortesão e Stoer, pode-se classificar as práticas referidas, como as indicadas no quadrante de número sete. Este quadrante refere-se a professores que selecionam os conhecimentos já apresentados em livros texto de cada série; entretanto, por conhecerem a realidade do contexto de onde provém a população atendida, buscam relacionar os conteúdos propostos na disciplina aos conhecimentos e vivências trazidos por seus alunos.This doctoral dissertation was developed in the line of research – The Subject of Education: knowledge, language and contexts on the Education and Sociology Thematic linked to the line of research project Teaching Perspectives on Basic Education: pedagogic practice and teacher´s training, coordinated by Professor Maria Helena Degani Veit, Ph.D. Five educational practices were analyzed. These practices were developed by basic education teachers on Portuguese, teaching grades six to eight in two state schools of urban periphery of Porto Alegre city, that reached the goals proposed by IDEB (Basic Education Index of Development) in 2009, and having high chances to get good school results when working with those socially disadvantaged groups of students. This study aims to identify which teaching learning modalities employed on the investigated practices, enable the students during the school course to learn what has been taught on the respective grade. To assay these pedagogic practices, three models of Pedagogy were used. Two models were called Visible Pedagogy and Invisible Pedagogy constructed by Basil Bernstein, and the third model, named Mixed Pedagogy, was developed by Morais and Neves. The practices were also interpreted considering the nine modality situations of teaching learning presented by the authors Cortesão and Stoer. When interpreting those practices, the attention was towards: the conditions in which teaching is offered, the teacher´s training, the curriculum organization and the structure of the school. After the description, analysis and interpretation of data, is possible to affirm that the pedagogic practices investigated are closer to the Visible Pedagogy characteristics. According to Bernstein (1996, p. 81), the Visible Pedagogies are defined by transmissions and acquisitions with strong classification and frame. They are characterized by an instructional discourse with explicit sequencing rules and evaluation criteria, a strong pacing and by a regulative discourse with an explicit hierarchy. However, in relation to curriculum, the dimension “different contents of Portuguese Language”, presents, on the pedagogic practices investigated, a low level of classification. Considering the nine situations of teaching learning indicated by Cortesão and Stoer, we may classify the referred practices, as those shown on the quadrant 7. It refers to teachers that sift the knowledge that have already been presented in textbooks of each grade; but, on the other hand, on the hand by knowing the reality of the context where the population taught come from, they search for linking the proposed contents in the discipline to the knowledge and experiences brought by his/her students.
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Araujo, Evania Luiza de. "A democracia que pratica a escola : princípios e direitos pedagógicos para avaliar a educação : um estudo em escolas públicas no sudoeste do Paraná." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/2505.
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Este trabalho discute o que vem sendo entendido e praticado como democracia escolar. Embasa-se na teoria de Basil Bernstein (1996,1998, 2000) sobre “democracia e direitos pedagógicos”, avaliando o ensino fundamental e médio, em três escolas públicas no sudoeste do Paraná. Utiliza, na coleta de dados, os princípios de distribuição de imagens, de distribuição de conhecimentos e de disponibilização de recursos, que subsidiam e caracterizam os direitos de crescimento pleno, de inclusão e de participação. Explicita o processo de organização escolar, seus limites e possibilidades tendo em vista a gestão democrática. Realiza, através da pesquisa qualitativa etnográfica, uma leitura e compreensão de diferentes contextos de escola pública, interpretando suas semelhanças e diferenças, face à escola democrática possível. Apresenta questões para reflexão que envolve as possibilidades a) do crescimento pleno, b) do processo de inclusão e c) da dinâmica da participação, que podem levar as pessoas a manter, a transformar e a construir uma nova ordem social.
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Nsubuga, Yvonne Nakalo. "The integration of natural resource management into the curriculum of rural under-resourced schools : a Bernsteinian analysis." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1007157.
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This study was motivated by the need to improve curriculum relevance in poor rural schools through contextualised teaching and learning based on the management of local natural resources. It involved four schools which are located in the Ngqunshwa Local Municipality of the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa. The study's aim was to provide insight into and better understanding of the curriculum implementation process regarding natural resource management (NRM) education in a poor rural education context. This was done by analysing the extent of NRM integration in pedagogic texts, activities and practices in the different fields which constitute the structure of the pedagogic system in this education sector. The study adopted an interpretivist approach to the analysis, which was based on indicators of the extent of NRM integration, and was informed by Bernstein's concepts of classification and curriculum recontextualisation, and his model of the structure of the pedagogic system. The items which were analysed included national and provincial Grade 10 Life Sciences curriculum documents, Grade 10 Life Sciences textbooks, in-service training workshops for Life Sciences teachers, and various school documents, activities and practices. The analysis also involved interviews with educators, and classroom observations of Grade 10 Life Sciences lessons. The results revealed a very high overall level of NRM integration in the Grade 10 Life Sciences curriculum documents produced at national and provincial levels. The overall level of NRM integration was also found to be very high in the Grade 10 Life Science textbooks that were analysed, but very low in the in-service teacher training workshops, and in the schools' documents, activities and practices, especially in the Grade 10 Life Sciences lessons, and in schools' end-of-year Grade 10 Life Sciences examination papers. The study makes a number of recommendations towards effective integration of NRM into the curriculum of Eastern Cape's rural poor schools which include more specific and explicit reference to NRM in the official Grade 10 Life Sciences curriculum documents, the provision of environmental education courses to district education staff and Grade 10 Life Sciences teachers, the training of teachers in the classroom use of textbooks and other educational materials, and regular monitoring of teachers' work. The study also exposes important knowledge gaps which need urgent research attention in order to enhance NRM education in the poor rural schools of the Eastern Cape. These include analysing power and control relationships between the various agencies and agents that are involved with curriculum implementation in this education sector, and conducting investigation into the creation of specialist NRM knowledge and into the quality of NRM knowledge that is transmitted as pedagogic discourse in schools. This study contributes to the fields of rural education and environmental education in South Africa, and to the growing interest in the study of curriculum from a sociology of education perspective in the context of the country’s post-apartheid curriculum reforms.
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Klovan, Cristiane Figueiró. "Perspectivas de professores sobre o ensino por ciclos de formação em Porto Alegre : uma análise sociológica da implantação e do momento atual." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/13285.
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Depois de transcorrida mais de uma década da implantação do Ensino por Ciclos de Formação (ECF) em Porto Alegre, este estudo pretende rever os princípios originários dessa política educacional, efetuando uma análise das perspectivas de ensino de seis professores entrevistados, quanto a currículo, a prática pedagógica e a avaliação do conhecimento educacional comparando dois períodos distintos – o da implantação do ECF e o atual. A análise fundamentou-se nos conceitos de classificação e de enquadramento do sociólogo Basil Bernstein e apontou a atual aproximação do currículo das escolas investigadas a um “código de coleção”, em oposição ao “código de integração” existente nos momentos iniciais da implementação da referida política educacional. Por sua vez, as práticas pedagógicas dos professores entrevistados e a avaliação do conhecimento educacional por eles realizada, permanecem, predominantemente, com características inerentes às pedagogias invisíveis. Aponta-se, no presente, a possibilidade de retenção dos alunos, ao final de cada ciclo, que se constitui como um movimento, realizado pela mantenedora, contrário às diretrizes estabelecidas para o ECF em Porto Alegre.Following nearly a decade of the implementation of the Teaching through Formation Cycles (Ensino por Ciclos de Formação - ECF) in Porto Alegre, the present study aims at reviewing the original principles of such educational policy, through performing the analysis of the teaching perspectives applied by six teachers who have been interviewed, regarding curriculum, pedagogic practices and the assessment of the educational knowledge. Such analysis has been performed through the comparison of two distinct periods of time – the time at the implementation of the EFC and the current moment. The analysis was founded on the classification and framing concepts by the sociologist Basil Bernstein and it has pointed out that the curriculum applied in the schools under research shows a proximity trend towards a “collection code” as opposed to an “integration code” that was present in the initial moments of the implementation of said educational policy. The pedagogical practices used by the teachers that have been interviewed, together with the assessment of the educational knowledge performed still consist, basically, of the intrinsic characteristics of the invisible pedagogies. It has been noted that, currently, there is the possibility of the student’s retention at the end of each cycle, possibility that has been identified as a movement performed by the administrative founding agency and that is contrary to the guidelines established for the ECF in Porto Alegre.
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Berchtold, J. "The Bernstein basis in set-theoretic geometric modelling." Thesis, University of Bath, 2000. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.323604.
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San, Juan Rebolledo Daniela Elizabeth. "Construcción de los discursos pedagógicos de los docentes del área de lenguaje y comunicación en el contexto de los ajustes curriculares 2009-2013: Una Mirada desde el Análisis de las voces Pedagógicas de los Actores Sociales a través de la Teoría de la Transmisión Cultural de Basil Bernstein." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2013. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/130681.
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Magíster en educación con mención en currículo y comunidad educativaLa Educación chilena continúa siendo uno de los puntos más discutidos del debate nacional, el tema principal se centra en la calidad de ésta y las implicancias que tiene para los estudiantes provenientes de distintos sectores sociales, la equidad, distribución y acceso al conocimiento en el desarrollo de sus competencias cognitivas, sociales y en el futuro, laborales. Analizar los Sistemas Educativos actuales, nos pone frente al problema de la adecuación contextual, lo que significa que estos nuevos sistemas tienen que responder a las nuevas y crecientemente complejas demandas de la sociedad del conocimiento y los fenómenos de la globalización (OECD, 2005); junto con sus requerimientos de cambio de las prácticas docentes para el logro de objetivos de aprendizaje más complejos y ambiciosos que en el pasado (Cox, 2007). Esta investigación es un aporte a la comprensión de los elementos que componen el “Discurso Pedagógico” de Docentes en activo desempeño al interior de los sistemas antes descritos, tanto desde la perspectiva de la Enseñanza del Conocimiento, como desde el Dominio del Conocimiento/Contenido que los mismos tienen respecto de la disciplina que imparten; lo anterior, desde un Análisis Estructural a partir de la Teoría de la Transmisión Cultural de Basil Bernstein, Quien acuña por primera vez este concepto. Finalmente, es necesario esclarecer que el “Discurso Pedagógico” debe entenderse como una forma especializada de comunicación, distinta a las demás interacciones discursivas, la cual sólo puede existir en el contexto de las Prácticas Pedagógicas, entendidas como un contexto social fundamental, a través del cual se realiza la producción y la reproducción cultural (Bernstein, 1998)
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Yang, Ning. "Structured matrix methods for computations on Bernstein basis polynomials." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2013. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/3311/.
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This thesis considers structure preserving matrix methods for computations on Bernstein polynomials whose coefficients are corrupted by noise. The ill-posed operations of greatest common divisor computations and polynomial division are considered, and it is shown that structure preserving matrix methods yield excellent results. With respect to greatest common divisor computations, the most difficult part is the computation of its degree, and several methods for its determination are presented. These are based on the Sylvester resultant matrix, and it is shown that a new form of the Sylvester resultant matrix in the modified Bernstein basis yields the best results. The B´ezout resultant matrix in the modified Bernstein basis is also considered, and it is shown that the results from it are inferior to those from the Sylvester resultant matrix in the modified Bernstein basis.
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Escott, Clarice Monteiro. "Currículos, pedagogia e avaliação em cursos de enfermagem e de direito : influências do discurso regulador geral e do discurso recontextualizador." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/14869.
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O presente estudo analisa a influência do Discurso Regulador Geral – DRG - e do Discurso Recontextualizador – DR - na organização dos currículos, da pedagogia e da avaliação no Curso de Enfermagem e no Curso de Direito do Centro Universitário Metodista de Porto Alegre/RS, tomando por base as categorias teóricas de Basil Bernstein. Diretrizes curriculares nacionais, diretrizes SINAES, normas emanadas por agências profissionais e documentos institucionais, dentre outros, foram exaustivamente estudados. Docentes e discentes dos referidos cursos foram entrevistados. Os dados resultantes desses materiais-fonte foram organizados atendendo às categorias bersteinianas de análise. O conjunto de dados e informações sobre cada um dos cursos estudados foi agrupado respeitando características próprias das duas distintas carreiras profissionais. Para cada um dos casos foi traçado um quadro das relações e influências dos discursos e dispositivos sobre seus currículos, pedagogia e avaliação. Nesse movimento e ao mesmo tempo, foram detectadas as características próprias desses cursos emanadas dos espaços de autonomia do contexto da IES. Como resultado das análises realizadas, confirma-se a influência do discurso regulador geral e do discurso recontextualizador sobre o currículo, a pedagogia e a avaliação dos dois cursos analisados. Ao mesmo tempo, destaca-se a construção de um espaço emancipatório que se engendra no cotidiano institucional, uma dinâmica de democracia efetiva alicerçada nos processos participativos desenvolvidos entre gestores, docentes e estudantes. Destaca-se, igualmente, o conceito de brecha discursiva para o entendimento das tensões e contradições dos discursos, porque constitui um campo epistemológico subjetivo que favorece transformações e inovações. O estudo revela que as relações macro e micro-institucionais que se instituem no contexto dos cursos e de instituições específicas são complexas. Para entender tais relações, as categorias existentes na literatura não são suficientes. Novas categorias de análise vieram à luz com este estudo, tais como o Discurso Institucional – DIt; o Discurso da Gestão Institucional – DGI - e a influência do Discurso Teológico de Libertação – DTL.The present study analyzes the influence of the Regulative Discourse and the Recontextualizing discouse in the organization of curricula, pedagogy and evaluation in the Nursing and Law courses of the Methodist University Center from Porto Alegre/RS; it takes its fundaments from Basil Bernstein’s theory categories. National Curricula Directives, directives of SINAES and the norms coming from Professional Agencies as well as the institutional documents, among other ones, were hardly analyzed. Teachers and students from both courses were interviewed. The whole of the investigated data and the information about each course were put into a group, considering their own characteristics from the two specific professional careers. To each one of the cases it was traced a panel with the relations and influences of the lectures and the devices upon their curricula, pedagogy and evaluation. In this movement and at the same time it was possible to detect the own characteristics of this courses coming from the autonomous spaces in the context of the College Educational Institutions. As a result from the analysis which was carried on it is possible to confirm the influence of the General Lecture Regulator and the Re-context maker Lecture upon the curriculum, the pedagogy and the evaluation of these two courses which were analyzed. At the same time we point out the construction of an emancipation space which is generated in the institutional daily, a dynamics of effective democracy based on a participatory process established among managers, teachers and students. We also emphasize the concept of discursive gap (breach) in order to understand the tenseness and the contradictions of the speeches because it is a subjective epistemological field which supports transformations and innovations. The study reveals that the macro and the micro institutional connections which happen in the context of the courses and in specific institutions are complex. In order to understand these connections the categories that exist in the literature are not enough. New categories have brightened up this study, such as the Institutional Speech - IS, the Institutional Management Speech – IMS - and the influence from the Theological Speech of Liberation – TSL.
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Nyambe, Kamwi John. "Teacher educators' interpretation and practice of learner-centred pedagogy : a case study." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1008260.
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The objective of this study was to understand how teacher educators in a Namibian college of education interpret and practice the learner-centred pedagogy underpinning the Basic Education Teachers Diploma (BETD) program. In order to achieve this objective, a case study approach was adopted, qualitative-interpretive in orientation and drawing upon interviews, naturalistic non-participant observation and document analysis. Bernstein's theory of pedagogy - in particular his notion ofrecontextualization - offered ideas and concepts that were used to generate and analyse data. The data indicated that, at the level of description, teacher educators interpreted leamercentred pedagogy as a pedagogic practice based on weak rules of regulative discourse, or a weak power relation between themselves and their student teachers. The weakening of the rules of regulative discourse and the waning of educator authority were indicated in the interview narratives, which evoked a pedagogic context characterized by a repositioning of the student teacher from the margins to the centre of the classroom, where he or she enjoyed a more active and visible pedagogic position. Contrary to the dis empowering dynamic within classroom practice under the apartheid dispensation, the repositioning of the student teacher suggested a shift of power towards him or her. Similarly, the identification of the teacher educator as afacilitator, which featured prominently in the interview narratives, further suggested a weakening or diminishing of the pedagogic authority of the teacher educator. With regard to rules pertaining to the instructional discourse, the data revealed an interpretation of leamer-centred pedagogy as a pedagogic practice based on strong framing over the selection of discourses, weak framing over pacing, and strong framing over sequencing and criteria for evaluation. When correlated with the interview data, the data generated through lesson observation and teacher educator prepared documents such as lesson plans revealed a disjuncture between teacher educators' ideas about leamer-centred pedagogy and their practice of it. Contrary to the interviews, lesson observation data revealed that teacher educators implemented leamer-centred pedagogy as a pedagogic practice based on strong internal framing over rules of the regulative discourse. Data further indicated strong internal framing over the selection, sequencing, pacing and evaluation. The study concluded that while some teacher educators could produce an accurate interpretation oflearner-centred pedagogy at the level of description, most of them did not do so at the level of practice. Findings revealed structural and personal-psychological factors that constrained teacher educators' recontextualization of the new pedagogy. A narrow understanding of leamercentred pedagogy that concentrated only on changing teacher educators' pedagogical approaches from teacher-centred to learner-centred, while ignoring structural and systematic factors, tended to dominate not only the interview narratives but also official texts. Learner-centred pedagogy was understood as a matter of changing from teachercentredness to leamer-centredness while frame factors, for instance regarding the selection, pacing or sequencing of discourses, still followed the traditional approach. The study recommends the adoption of a systematic and deliberate approach to address the multiplicity of factors involved in enabling teacher educators to interpret and implement leamer-centred pedagogy at the micro-level of their classrooms.KMBT_363
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Gaskell, Kate Matilda. "Basil Bernstein's theory of pedagogic transmission : pedagogy, curriculum and ageing." Thesis, University of Dundee, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.424323.
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Brabo, Gabriela Maria Barbosa. "Formação docente inicial e o ensino ao aluno com deficiência em classe comum na perspectiva da educação inclusiva." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/72692.
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A tese aqui apresentada aborda o processo de pesquisa realizado entre os anos de 2008 e 2012, no decorrer do curso de doutorado, que foi direcionado para o estudo sobre a formação docente inicial e o ensino ao aluno com deficiência em classe comum na perspectiva da Educação Inclusiva. Tal pesquisa teve como objetivo principal analisar o percurso da formação docente inicial ― tomando como base a disciplina Intervenção Pedagógica e Necessidades Educativas Especiais, ofertada pela Faculdade de Educação – FACED ― voltada para o ensino/atendimento ao aluno com deficiência em classe comum na perspectiva da educação inclusiva, no contexto da Universidade brasileira, e mais especificamente o da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul – UFRGS. A abordagem escolhida foi de natureza qualitativa baseada na pesquisa histórico-cultural, que percebe os sujeitos como “criadores de ideias e consciência que, ao produzirem e reproduzirem a realidade social, são ao mesmo tempo produzidos e reproduzidos por ela” (FREITAS, 2002, p. 22). Desse modo, o contexto da pesquisa se configurou no espaço da UFRGS, e em particular, na FACED. Os sujeitos investigados se subdividiram em três grupos distintos: ex-alunos da disciplina Intervenção Pedagógica e Necessidades Educativas Especiais, durante os semestres 2009/2, 2010/1 e 2010/2; coordenadores dos cursos de licenciatura da UFRGS, perfazendo um total de dezessete profissionais, correspondendo às dezessete áreas de conhecimento que esses cursos abrangem; e os professores da referida disciplina. Os instrumentos metodológicos utilizados foram: análise de documentos; entrevista semiestruturada; experiência pessoal; e diário de campo. O estudo apresenta como aportes teóricos as obras de dois autores: Basil Bernstein e sua sociologia da educação, e Lev Seminovich Vygotsky e sua teoria histórico-cultural. A pesquisa possibilitou uma percepção de avanços discretos, ainda que tardios, no que diz respeito à atuação educacional da UFRGS com vistas a desenvolver, cada vez mais, ações que propiciem o acesso e a permanência de alunos com deficiência em seus cursos; propiciem principalmente o incremento de uma formação docente que responda à demanda dos futuros professores que irão trabalhar com alunos com deficiência em classes comuns das escolas regulares, e também à ampliação de projetos de pesquisa e extensão que contemplem esse campo de conhecimento. Para tanto, o papel da disciplina Intervenção Pedagógica e Necessidades Educativas Especiais é crucial, como espaço de mediação entre alunos, professores e a prática pedagógica. Espaço também de interação com outros professores, cursos e departamentos, apostando numa visão trialética de inclusão, através da criação de culturas inclusivas, da produção de políticas inclusivas e do desenvolvimento de práticas inclusivas. E que a Universidade brasileira se torne um campo de recontextualização pedagógica que leve à transformação social, e o professor seja o autor de seu discurso pedagógico.This doctoral dissertation addresses the research process that has taken place during graduate school from 2008 to 2012. It was directed to the study of early teacher education and education to the people with disabilities in regular classes from the perspective of Inclusive Education. This research aimed at analyzing the course of early teacher education, which has been built when teaching Educational Intervention and Special Education Needs academic subjects, offered by the College of Education (FACED) which are focused on teaching people with disabilities in regular classes from the referred perspective in the context of Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul ― UFRGS, a Brazilian university. The chosen approach was that of qualitative research, carried out through cultural-historical research, which conceives the actors as “creators of ideas and conscious of producing and reproducing the social reality and simultaneously produced and reproduced by it” (FREITAS, 2002, p. 22). Thus, the research context has taken share at UFRGS, particularly at the College of Education ― FACED. The subjects investigated were subdivided into three distinct groups: alumni of Educational Intervention and Special Education academic subjects, during 2009/2, 2010/1 and 2010/2 semesters; coordinators of UFRGS undergraduate courses preparatory for teaching, totaling seventeen professionals corresponding to the seventeen various areas of knowledge covered in these courses; and the professors of Educational Intervention and Special Needs Education academic subjects. The methodological tools used were document analysis, semi-structured interviews, the researcher’s personal experience in Special Education and field diary. The study provides the theoretical contributions of two authors: the sociological approach of Basil Bernstein and its sociology of education and the cultural-historical theory of Lev Seminovich Vygotsky. This research allowed a discrete realization regarding to the educational role of UFRGS in order to develop increasingly actions that ease the access and permanence of people with disabilities in their courses; principally promoting an increase of early teacher education that responds to the prospective teachers’ demands who will teach people with disabilities in regular classes in regular schools; and it has also broaden research and extension projects in this field of knowledge. Therefore, the role of Educational Intervention and Special Education Needs academic subjects is of crucial relevance, as a place of mediation among students, teachers and pedagogical practice. It is also a place for interaction with other professors, courses and departments, focusing on a trialetic vision of inclusion through the creation of inclusive cultures, the production of inclusive policies and the development of inclusive practices. The aim is that the Brazilian universities become a pedagogic recontextualized field that leads to social transformation and that the teachers become the authors of their pedagogical discourse.
La tesis doctoral que aquí se presenta se refiere a la investigación llevada a cabo entre 2008 y 2012, durante el posgrado, dirigido al estudio de la formación inicial del profesorado y educación a los estudiantes con discapacidad en el aula regular desde la perspectiva de la Educación Inclusiva . Esta investigación tuvo como objetivo examinar el curso de formación inicial del profesorado ― basándose en la disciplina de Intervención Pedagógica y Educación Especial, ofrecido por la Facultad de Educación – FACED ― orientados a la enseñanza / servicio a los estudiantes con discapacidad en clases regulares en perspectiva la educación inclusiva en el contexto de la universidad brasileña, y más específicamente de la Universidad Federal de Rio Grande do Sul – UFRGS. El método elegido fue de carácter cualitativo basado en la investigación histórico-cultural, se da cuenta de que los sujetos como "creadores de ideas y de la conciencia, para producir y reproducir la realidad social, son producidos y reproducidos por ella" (FREITAS, 2002 p. 22). Por lo tanto, el contexto de la investigación se configura en el espacio UFRGS, y ante todo en. Los sujetos estudiados fueron subdivididos en tres grupos distintos: ex alumnos de la disciplina de Intervención Pedagógica y Educación Especial, durante los semestres 2009/2, 2010/1 y 2010/2; coordinadores de la UFRGS pregrado, para un total de 17 profesionales, que representan a las cinco áreas de conocimiento que estos cursos cubren, y los maestros de esta disciplina. Las herramientas metodológicas utilizadas fueron: análisis de documentos, entrevistas semi-estructuradas, la experiencia personal y diario de campo. El estudio proporciona aportaciones teóricas como las obras de dos autores: Basil Bernstein y su sociología de la educación, y Lev Vygotsky Seminovich y su teoría histórico-cultural. Los avances en la investigación permitió una realización discreta, aunque tarde, con respecto a la función educativa de la UFRGS con el objetivo de desarrollar cada vez más las acciones que faciliten el acceso y permanencia de los estudiantes con discapacidad en sus cursos; conducente principalmente al aumento una formación docente que responda a la demanda de los futuros maestros que trabajan con estudiantes con discapacidades en las clases regulares en las escuelas normales, así como la expansión de los proyectos de investigación y extensión que se ocupan de este campo de conocimiento. Por lo tanto, el papel de la disciplina de Intervención Pedagógica y Educación Especial es crucial, como un espacio de mediación entre estudiantes, profesores y la práctica pedagógica. El espacio también interactuar con otros profesores, cursos y departamentos, apostando trialética una visión de inclusión, mediante la creación de culturas inclusivas, que producen las políticas de inclusión y el desarrollo de prácticas inclusivas. Y la universidad brasileña se convierte en un campo pedagógico recontextualización que conduce a la transformación social, y el profesor es el autor de su discurso pedagógico.
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Summerville, Jennifer A. "Governmentality, pedagogy and membership categorization : a case of enrolling the citizen in sustainable regional planning." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2007. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/20508/1/Jennifer_Summerville_Thesis.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
Over the past twenty years, the idea that planning and development practices should be ‘sustainable’ has become a key tenet of discourses characterising the field of planning and development. As part of the agenda to balance and integrate economic, environmental and social interests, democratic participatory governance arrangements are frequently purported to be necessary to achieve ‘sustainable development’ at both local and global levels. Despite the theoretical disjuncture between ideas of democratic civic participation, on the one hand, and civic participation as a means to achieve pre-determined sustainability goals on the other, notions of civic participation for sustainability have become integral features of sustainable development discourses.
Underpinned by a conceptual and methodological intent to perform an epistemological ‘break’ with notions of civic participation for sustainability, this thesis explicates how citizens are enrolled in the sustainable development agenda in the discourse of policy. More specifically, it examines how assumptions about civic participation in sustainable development policy discourses operate, and unpacks some discursive strategies through which policy language ‘enrols’ citizens in the same set of assumptions around their normative requirement for participation in sustainable development. Focussing in on a case study sustainable development policy document – a draft regional plan representing a case of ‘enrolling the citizen in sustainability’ - it employs three sociological perspectives/methods that progressively highlight some of the ways that the policy language enjoins citizens as active participants in ‘sustainable’ regional planning. As a thesis-by-publication, the application of each perspective/method is reported in the form of an article prepared for publication in an academic journal.
In a departure from common-sense understandings of civic participation for sustainability, the first article examines the governmentality of sustainable development policy. Specifically, this article explores how civic community – particularly community rights and responsibilities – are deployed in the policy discourse as techniques of government that shape and regulate the conduct of subjects. In this respect, rather than seeing civic community as a specific ‘thing’ and participation as corresponding to particular types of ‘activities’, this paper demonstrates how notions of civic participation are constructed and mobilised in the language of sustainable development policy in ways that facilitate government ‘at a distance’.
The second article begs another kind of question of the policy – one concerned more specifically with how the everyday practices of subjects become aligned with the principles of sustainable development. This paper, therefore, investigates the role of pedagogy in establishing governance relations in which citizens are called to participate as part of the problematic of sustainability. The analysis suggests that viewing the case study policy in terms of relationships of informal pedagogy provided insights into the positioning of the citizen as an ‘acquirer’ of sustainability principles. In this instance, the pedagogic values of the text provide for low levels of discretion in how citizens could position themselves in the moral order of the discourse. This results in a strong injunction for citizens to subscribe to sustainability principles in a participatory spirit coupled with the requirement for citizens to delegate to the experts to carry out these principles.
The third article represents a further breakdown of the ways in which citizens become enrolled in ‘sustainable’ regional planning within the language of the case study policy. Applying an ethnomethodological perspective, specifically Membership Categorization Analysis, this article examines the way ‘the citizen’ and ‘civic values and obligations’ are produced in the interactional context of the text. This study shows how the generation of a substantive moral order that ties the citizen to sustainable values and obligations with respect to the region, is underpinned by a normative morality associated with the production of orderliness in ‘text-in-interaction’. As such, it demonstrates how the production and positioning of ‘the citizen’ in relation to the institutional authors of the policy, and the region more generally, are practical accomplishments that orient the reader to identify him/herself as a ‘citizen’ and embrace the ‘civic values and obligations’ to which he/she is bound.
Together, the different conceptual and methodological approaches applied in the thesis provide a more holistic picture of the different ways in which citizens are discursively enrolled in the sustainability agenda. At the substantive level, each analysis reveals a different dimension of how the active citizen is mobilised as a responsible agent for sustainable development. In this respect, civic participation for sustainability is actualised and reproduced through the realms of language, not necessarily through applied occasions of civic participation in the ‘taken-for-granted’ sense. Furthermore, at the conceptual and methodological level, the thesis makes a significant contribution to sociological inquiry into relationships of governance. Rather than residing within the boundaries of a specific sociological perspective, it shows how different approaches that would traditionally be applied in a mutually exclusive manner, can complement each other to advance understanding of how governance discourses operate. In this respect, it provides a rigorous conceptual and methodological platform for further investigations into how citizens become enrolled in programmes of government.
32
Summerville, Jennifer A. "Governmentality, pedagogy and membership categorization : a case of enrolling the citizen in sustainable regional planning." Queensland University of Technology, 2007. http://eprints.qut.edu.au/20508/.
Full textAbstract:
Over the past twenty years, the idea that planning and development practices should be ‘sustainable’ has become a key tenet of discourses characterising the field of planning and development. As part of the agenda to balance and integrate economic, environmental and social interests, democratic participatory governance arrangements are frequently purported to be necessary to achieve ‘sustainable development’ at both local and global levels. Despite the theoretical disjuncture between ideas of democratic civic participation, on the one hand, and civic participation as a means to achieve pre-determined sustainability goals on the other, notions of civic participation for sustainability have become integral features of sustainable development discourses.
Underpinned by a conceptual and methodological intent to perform an epistemological ‘break’ with notions of civic participation for sustainability, this thesis explicates how citizens are enrolled in the sustainable development agenda in the discourse of policy. More specifically, it examines how assumptions about civic participation in sustainable development policy discourses operate, and unpacks some discursive strategies through which policy language ‘enrols’ citizens in the same set of assumptions around their normative requirement for participation in sustainable development. Focussing in on a case study sustainable development policy document – a draft regional plan representing a case of ‘enrolling the citizen in sustainability’ - it employs three sociological perspectives/methods that progressively highlight some of the ways that the policy language enjoins citizens as active participants in ‘sustainable’ regional planning. As a thesis-by-publication, the application of each perspective/method is reported in the form of an article prepared for publication in an academic journal.
In a departure from common-sense understandings of civic participation for sustainability, the first article examines the governmentality of sustainable development policy. Specifically, this article explores how civic community – particularly community rights and responsibilities – are deployed in the policy discourse as techniques of government that shape and regulate the conduct of subjects. In this respect, rather than seeing civic community as a specific ‘thing’ and participation as corresponding to particular types of ‘activities’, this paper demonstrates how notions of civic participation are constructed and mobilised in the language of sustainable development policy in ways that facilitate government ‘at a distance’.
The second article begs another kind of question of the policy – one concerned more specifically with how the everyday practices of subjects become aligned with the principles of sustainable development. This paper, therefore, investigates the role of pedagogy in establishing governance relations in which citizens are called to participate as part of the problematic of sustainability. The analysis suggests that viewing the case study policy in terms of relationships of informal pedagogy provided insights into the positioning of the citizen as an ‘acquirer’ of sustainability principles. In this instance, the pedagogic values of the text provide for low levels of discretion in how citizens could position themselves in the moral order of the discourse. This results in a strong injunction for citizens to subscribe to sustainability principles in a participatory spirit coupled with the requirement for citizens to delegate to the experts to carry out these principles.
The third article represents a further breakdown of the ways in which citizens become enrolled in ‘sustainable’ regional planning within the language of the case study policy. Applying an ethnomethodological perspective, specifically Membership Categorization Analysis, this article examines the way ‘the citizen’ and ‘civic values and obligations’ are produced in the interactional context of the text. This study shows how the generation of a substantive moral order that ties the citizen to sustainable values and obligations with respect to the region, is underpinned by a normative morality associated with the production of orderliness in ‘text-in-interaction’. As such, it demonstrates how the production and positioning of ‘the citizen’ in relation to the institutional authors of the policy, and the region more generally, are practical accomplishments that orient the reader to identify him/herself as a ‘citizen’ and embrace the ‘civic values and obligations’ to which he/she is bound.
Together, the different conceptual and methodological approaches applied in the thesis provide a more holistic picture of the different ways in which citizens are discursively enrolled in the sustainability agenda. At the substantive level, each analysis reveals a different dimension of how the active citizen is mobilised as a responsible agent for sustainable development. In this respect, civic participation for sustainability is actualised and reproduced through the realms of language, not necessarily through applied occasions of civic participation in the ‘taken-for-granted’ sense. Furthermore, at the conceptual and methodological level, the thesis makes a significant contribution to sociological inquiry into relationships of governance. Rather than residing within the boundaries of a specific sociological perspective, it shows how different approaches that would traditionally be applied in a mutually exclusive manner, can complement each other to advance understanding of how governance discourses operate. In this respect, it provides a rigorous conceptual and methodological platform for further investigations into how citizens become enrolled in programmes of government.
33
Sacchi, Giulia. "La base di Bernstein in spazi polinomiali generalizzati." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2014. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/7924/.
Full textAbstract:
Nella tesi si illustra il passaggio dagli spazi polinomiali agli spazi polinomiali generalizzati, gli spazi di Chebyshev estesi (spazi EC), e viene dato un metodo per costruirli a partire da opportuni sistemi di funzioni dette funzioni peso. Successivamente si tratta il problema dell'esistenza di un analogo della base di Bernstein negli spazi EC: si presenta, in analogia ad una particolare costruzione nel caso polinomiale, una dimostrazione costruttiva dell'esistenza di tale base. Infine viene studiato il problema delle lunghezze critiche di uno spazio EC: si tratta di determinare l'ampiezza dell'intervallo oltre la quale lo spazio considerato perde le proprietà di uno spazio EC, o non possiede più una base di Bernstein generalizzata; l'approccio adottato è di tipo sperimentale: nella tesi sono presentati i risultati ottenuti attraverso algoritmi di ricerca che analizzano le proprietà delle funzioni di transizione e ne traggono informazioni sullo spazio di studio.
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Mwiinga, Donald Muunze. "A theoretical re-assessment of the use of the distinction between everyday and acadamic knowledges in Basil Bernstein's theory of educational transmissions." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/12063.
Full textAbstract:
Includes abstract.Includes bibliographical references.
This project assesses a popular position at present in the Bernsteinian subfield of the Sociology of Education, that Basil Bernstein’s main ideas are sufficiently represented by frameworks constructed around the distinction between everyday knowledge/thought and academic knowledge/thought. A survey of some contemporary literature within the Bernsteinian subfield was undertaken to generate a question for the project, i.e., whether it is indeed the case that the everyday/academic knowledges distinction is a productive condensation of the major ideas of Bernstein’s theory. A historical study of Bernstein’s papers from 1958 to 2000 is undertaken with the view of unearthing what it is that gives the theory its impetus over time.
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Froehly, Algiane. "Couplage d’un schéma aux résidus distribués à l’analyse isogéométrique : méthode numérique et outils de génération et adaptation de maillage." Thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012BOR14563/document.
Full textAbstract:
Lors de simulations numériques d’ordre élevé, la discrétisation sous-paramétrique du domaine de calcul peut générer des erreurs dominant l’erreur liée à la discrétisation des variables. De nombreux travaux proposent d’utiliser l’analyse isogéométrique afin de mieux représenter les géométries et de résoudre ce problème.Nous présenterons dans ce travail le couplage du schéma aux résidus distribués limité et stabilisé de Lax-Frieirichs avec l’analyse isogéométrique. En particulier, nous construirons une famille de fonctions de base permettant de représenter exactement les coniques et définies tant sur les éléments triangulaires que quadrangulaires : les fonctions de base de Bernstein rationnelles. Nous nous intéresserons ensuite à la génération de maillages précis pour l’analyse isogéométrique. Notre méthode consiste à créer un maillage courbe à partir d’un maillage linéaire par morceaux de la géométrie. Le maillage obtenu en sortie de notre procédure est non-structuré, conforme et assure la continuité de nos fonctions de base sur tout le domaine. Pour finir, nous décrirons les différentes méthodes d’adaptation de maillages développées : l’élévation d’ordre et le raffinement isotrope. Bien évidemment, la géométrie exacte du maillage courbe d’entrée est préservée au cours des processus d’adaptationDuring high order simulations, the approximation error may be dominated by the errors linked to the sub-parametric discretization used for the geometry representation. Many works propose to use an isogeometric analysis approach to better represent the geometry and hence solve this problem. In this work, we will present the coupling between the limited stabilized Lax-Friedrichs residual distributed scheme and the isogeometric analysis. Especially, we will build a family of basis functions defined on both triangular and quadrangular elements and allowing the exact representation of conics : the rational Bernstein basis functions. We will then focus in how to generate accurate meshes for isogeometric analysis. Our idea is to create a curved mesh from a classical piecewise-linear mesh of the geometry. We obtain a conforming unstructured mesh which ensures the continuity of the basis functions over the entire mesh. Last, we will detail the curved mesh adaptation methods developed : the order elevation and the isotropic mesh refinement. Of course, the adaptation processes preserve the exact geometry of the initial curved mesh
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Tomek, Peter. "Approximation of Terrain Data Utilizing Splines." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta informačních technologií, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-236488.
Full textAbstract:
Pro optimalizaci letových trajektorií ve velmi malé nadmorské výšce, terenní vlastnosti musí být zahrnuty velice přesne. Proto rychlá a efektivní evaluace terenních dat je velice důležitá vzhledem nato, že čas potrebný pro optimalizaci musí být co nejkratší. Navyše, na optimalizaci letové trajektorie se využívájí metody založené na výpočtu gradientu. Proto musí být aproximační funkce terenních dat spojitá do určitého stupne derivace. Velice nádejná metoda na aproximaci terenních dat je aplikace víceroměrných simplex polynomů. Cílem této práce je implementovat funkci, která vyhodnotí dané terenní data na určitých bodech spolu s gradientem pomocí vícerozměrných splajnů. Program by měl vyčíslit více bodů najednou a měl by pracovat v $n$-dimensionálním prostoru.
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Tan, Michael. "Knowledge, Truth, and Schooling for Social Change: Studying Environmental Education in Science Classrooms." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1807/34940.
Full textAbstract:
While recent research trends in science education have focussed the collective attention at utilizing the science curriculum as a means towards positive social change, such efforts have largely been predicated on understandings of the nature of knowledge and truth as socially constructed entities. Through this lens of social constructivism, knowledge is said to bear the signature of individuals and institutions in power, and therefore extant knowledge is considered to be the vehicle for further oppression of disadvantaged groups. There are at least two ways in which this argument is deeply flawed—social constructivism accords to itself epistemic positions it denies others, and an intellectually honest application of its principles leads to a position where there is no way to distinguish between better or worse positions on issues. In contrast, the principle of social realism takes a ‘middle path’, acknowledging the social reality of knowledge construction but disavowing the relativism of social constructivism. Through this epistemological foundation, implications arise for curriculum theory—how is it that we may discriminate forms of knowledge for in/ex-clusion into the school curriculum? In this study, I consider the curriculum changes in the Ontario elementary science anxd technology curriculum. I ask two key questions: (i) What are the effects of the curriculum revisions on the knowledge content of the science curriculum? and: (ii) What are the characteristics of science pedagogy in fulfilment of these curriculum changes? I develop instruments to analyze curriculum documentation, and classroom pedagogy. The major findings of this project include: (i) the curriculum revisions have added environmental knowledge expectations with varying degrees of disconnection from the scientific content knowledge; (ii) knowledge expectations removed to accommodate environmental expectations constituted important scientific principles; (iii) environmental pedagogy in science classrooms reflected the disconnection between science and environmental knowledge, most obviously in the upper grades where the degree of boundary maintenance between knowledge forms was strongest; (iv) this disconnection between environmental and scientific knowledge forms inhibited the cumulative modality of knowledge (re)production. A discussion of results and the general principles of the importance of knowledge concludes the project.
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Κοκκίνη, Σοφία. "Πρόσληψη, επένδυση και πρακτικές των τσιγγάνων στην εκπαίδευση : Η περίπτωση των τσιγγάνων στα Σαγαίικα Αχαΐας." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10889/5789.
Full textAbstract:
Στην παρούσα μελέτη διερευνώνται η πρόσληψη, η επένδυση και οι πρακτικές των τσιγγάνων στην εκπαίδευση, στη δημοτική ενότητα των Σαγαιΐκων, του δήμου Δυτικής Αχαΐας. Πιο συγκεκριμένα εξετάζονται οι αντιλήψεις των τσιγγάνων για το σχολείο και τη σχολική φοίτηση και η επένδυσή τους στην εκπαίδευση μέσα από τις πρακτικές τους. Για την κατανόησή τους, τα εντάσσουμε και δίνουμε ιδιαίτερο βάρος στο ευρύτερο κοινωνικό περιβάλλον και τα πολιτισμικά στοιχεία της ομάδας των τσιγγάνων.
Πέρα από τη συναφή βιβλιογραφία, η έρευνα στηρίζεται σε ομαδικές, εις βάθος συνεντεύξεις με τσιγγάνους, στον τρόπο ζωής τους και σε επιτόπια παρατήρηση. Σε ότι αφορά την ερμηνεία στηριχτήκαμε στο θεωρητικό πλαίσιο του Basil Bernstein. Από την έρευνα προέκυψε ότι οι τσιγγάνοι έχουν εργαλειακή αντίληψη για το σχολείο. Έχουν επίσης μεγάλα ποσοστά σχολικής διαρροής και αυτό το αποδίδουμε κυρίως σε εξωγενείς και δευτερευόντως σε ενδογενείς παράγοντες.In this study we investigate the recruitment, investment and practices of Gypsy education, of the municipal unity Sagaiika of West Achaea. More specifically it is examined the perceptions of gypsies for school and schooling and their investment in education through their practices. For these to be understood, we incorporate and focus on the broader social environment and gypsies’ culture. The research builds on group interviews with Gypsies, the way of their living and at field observation. Regarding to the interpretation, we based on the theoretical framework of Basil Bernstein. The investigation revealed that the gypsies have instrumental view of the school. They also have high rates of school dropouts and this was attributed to external factors mainly and to internal secondarily.
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Davey, Brenda G. "A Bernsteinian description of the recontextualising process of the national curriculum statement from conceptualisation to realisation in the classroom." Thesis, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/1287.
Full textAbstract:
The aim of this study is to describe the recontextualisation of the official pedagogical
field, in the form of the National Curriculum Statement (NCS), in the Further Education
and Training (FET) band. The study's focus concentrates specifically on the in-service
training programme devised by the KZN FET Directorate for teachers of Grade 10's in
2005, beginning with the creation of the FET curriculum statements at national level and
tracking the dissemination of this information to provincial level, then through regional
and district level and into the schools.
The researcher was able to analyse the documents created at national level, observe
and/or interview role-players at each level of the continuum: national, provincial,
regional, district and school (including parents of school-going teenagers). This evidence,
supplemented with video-recordings and posters produced at five different venues was
selectively described using Berasteinian terminology and his theoretical framework of the
pedagogic device.
Research findings in answer to the questions posed, viz. to what extent the social
transformation process was understood by the role-players in the process (concentrating
on English Home and First Additional Language teachers), indicate that in some cases
the official pedagogical field is carried over with minimal change, and in others it is
evident that careful monitoring and retraining may be the only means to concretise the
intended change in thinking in the minds of South Africa's teachers.Thesis (M.Ed.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, 2006.
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Joussemet, Fanny. "L’implantation des Cultural Studies dans les curricula francophones de sociologie : Étude comparée de deux départements québécois." Thèse, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/8770.
Full textAbstract:
Cette recherche analyse la pénétration des Cultural Studies dans les curricula de deux départements de sociologie francophones : celui de l’Université de Montréal et celui de l’Université du Québec à Montréal. À partir des entretiens conduits auprès de professeurs, mais aussi de l’analyse des curricula inspirée de la théorie développée par B. Bernstein, cette recherche questionne tous les enjeux relatifs à l’introduction d’un nouveau cours ou d’une nouvelle façon de penser dans un département. Il ne s’agit donc pas de conclure sur la forte – ou faible – présence des Cultural Studies dans les programmes, mais plutôt d’expliquer ces variations de présence à partir des caractéristiques sociales, politiques, économiques et même géographiques, propres à chaque département. L’analyse conduite va aussi plus loin en constatant que les Cultural Studies, même si elles ne se sont pas développées à grande échelle au Québec, ont eu un impact sur la façon dont sont abordés les objets sociologiques.This research analyzes the penetration of cultural studies in the curricula of two French departments of sociology, one at the UdeM and in the other one at the UQAM. From interviews conducted with teachers, but also from the analysis of curricula inspired by the theory developed by B. Bernstein, this research examines all issues related to the introduction of a new course or a new way of thinking in a department. The purpose is not to conclude on the high–or low–presence of cultural studies in the programs, but rather to explain these variations of presence from the social, political, economic and even geographic characteristics that are specific to each department. The conducted analysis goes even further by noting that cultural studies, even if they have not been developed at a large scale in Quebec, have had an impact on how the objects are sociologically discussed.
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Rosa, Fernando Manuel André. "O género em recontextualização: trajetórias queer, pedagogias feministas." Doctoral thesis, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10071/24592.
Full textAbstract:
Esta tese organiza-se para responder à questão: qual o tipo de conhecimento produzido pelos movimentos sociais, incidindo concretamente nos movimentos feministas e LGBTI. Partimos de um quadro teórico que afirma que os movimentos feministas e LGBTI são espaços de produção de saber e os ativistas dotados de criatividade e agência, a partir da qual impulsionam conhecimento pedagógico frente às condições da sua subalternização. Os ativistas são sujeitos sociais em formação porque exercem a sua ação coletiva em movimentos portadores de uma dimensão educativa, performativa e central para a formação do púbico a quem se destinam. As pedagogias feministas permitem-nos estudar os contextos formadores dos códigos de género onde assentam algumas categorias estruturais nas quais dividimos o mundo: masculino e feminino; público e privado; família e trabalho. A identidade individual passa, neste quadro concetual, a ser contextualizada como um dispositivo pedagógico sujeito a discursos, códigos e enquadramentos que nos vai permitir compreender o género em recontextualização. Nesta análise, usamos duas abordagens metodológicas: uma série de entrevistas narrativas com ativistas feministas e LGBTI, que nos permitem perceber como o percurso biográfico se constitui como uma trajetória de (re)produção de informação e produção de conhecimento; desenvolvemos também uma observação participante num projeto de intervenção feminista para a prevenção da violência de género, promovido pela UMAR. Esta intervenção permite-nos avaliar, quer as dinâmicas internas de circulação de saber no interior da organização feminista, quer as que se produzem quando o movimento feminista entra em interação com o próprio sistema de ensino oficial, a Escola.This thesis is organized to answer the question: what kind of knowledge is produced by social movements, focusing specifically on feminist and LGBTI movements. We start from a theoretical framework that affirms the feminist and LGBTI movements as spaces of knowledge production and activists are endowed with creativity and agency from which they promote pedagogical knowledge in the face of the conditions of their subordination. Activists are social subjects training because they exercise their collective action in movements with an educational, performative and central dimension for the formation of the audience for whom they are intended. Feminist pedagogies allow us to study the contexts that form gender codes, which are based on some structural divisions in which we split the world: male and female; public and private; family and work., In this conceptual framework, the individual identity becomes framed as a pedagogical device, subject to speeches, codes and frameworks that will allow us to understand the gender in recontextualization. In this analysis we use two methodological approaches: a series of narrative interviews with feminist and LGBTI activists that allow us to perceive how the biographical path is constituted as a trajectory of (re)production of information and production of knowledge; we also developed a participant observation in a feminist intervention project for the prevention of gender violence, promoted by UMAR. This intervention allows us to evaluate both the internal dynamics of the circulation of knowledge within the feminist organization, and those that take place when the feminist movement comes into interaction with the official school system.
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Ward, John P. "L^p Bernstein Inequalities and Radial Basis Function Approximation." Thesis, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2010-08-8404.
Full textAbstract:
In approximation theory, three classical types of results are direct theorems,
Bernstein inequalities, and inverse theorems. In this paper, we include results about
radial basis function (RBF) approximation from all three classes. Bernstein inequalities
are a recent development in the theory of RBF approximation, and on Rd, only
L2 results are known for RBFs with algebraically decaying Fourier transforms (e.g.
the Sobolev splines and thin-plate splines). We will therefore extend what is known
by establishing Lp Bernstein inequalities for RBF networks on Rd. These inequalities
involve bounding a Bessel-potential norm of an RBF network by its corresponding Lp
norm in terms of the separation radius associated with the network. While Bernstein
inequalities have a variety of applications in approximation theory, they are most commonly
used to prove inverse theorems. Therefore, using the Lp Bernstein inequalities
for RBF approximants, we will establish the corresponding inverse theorems. The
direct theorems of this paper relate to approximation in Lp(Rd) by RBFs which are
perturbations of Green's functions. Results of this type are known for certain compact
domains, and results have recently been derived for approximation in Lp(Rd)
by RBFs that are Green's functions. Therefore, we will prove that known results for
approximation in Lp(Rd) hold for a larger class of RBFs. We will then show how this
result can be used to derive rates for approximation by Wendland functions.
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Bhaw, Nishaal. "The alignment of the National Senior Certificate Examinations (November 2014 - March 2018) and the Curriculum and Assessment Policy Statement Grade 12 Physical Sciences : Physics (P1) in South Africa." Diss., 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/25737.
Full textAbstract:
The Department of Basic Education (DBE) has associated the poor pass rate in the National Senior Certificate (NSC) Grade 12 Physical Sciences examinations to the learners’ lack of practical skills and the inability of learners to solve problems by integrating knowledge from the different topics in Physical Sciences. The CAPS (Curriculum and Assessment Policy Statement) is central to the planning, organising and teaching of Physical Sciences. Even though more than a third of the learners achieved below 30% in the NSC Grade 12 Physical Sciences: Physics (P1) November 2017 examination, there was a lack of references made to the CAPS, rationalising the poor performance. A disjointed alignment between the CAPS and the P1 is a possible cause for the poor performance. Since there have been no previous studies that investigated the alignment between the CAPS and the P1, this study aims to fill that gap. This study used a positivist research paradigm and a case study research strategy. A purposive sampling procedure selected the CAPS Grades 10 – 12 Physical Sciences document; the Physical Sciences Examination Guidelines Grade 12 documents and the final and supplementary P1 examinations in the period starting November 2014 to March 2018 as the documents for analysis. A summative content analysis research technique was conducted using the Surveys of Enacted Curriculum (SEC) research method. The SEC method employed the use of the four topics of Grade 12 Physics and the four non-hierarchical levels of cognitive demand as described in the modified version of Bloom’s taxonomy. The physics topics included mechanics; waves, sound and light; electricity and magnetism; and optical phenomena. The cognitive demand levels included recall; comprehension; application and analysis; and synthesis and evaluation. This study found a 100 percent categorical coherence, a 67.3 percent balance of representation, a 79.4 percent cognitive complexity and an average Porter’s alignment index of 0.77 between the CAPS and the P1. The overall Cohen’s kappa for all the documents analysed was 0.88. The findings of this study indicate that the mechanics topic was under-emphasised whilst the application and analysis cognitive demand was over-emphasised in the P1. The CAPS and the P1 did not utilise the highest cognitive demand, synthesis and evaluation which may be interpreted as an environment that fosters lower order thinking. To change this environment of lower order thinking and simultaneously increase the alignment between the CAPS and the P1 this study recommends that firstly, the CAPS decreases the recall based content of the mechanics topic. Secondly, the CAPS and the P1 increase the synthesis and evaluation cognitive demand-based content at the expense of the recall cognitive demand-based content. Thirdly, the CAPS must include the content of the school-based physics practical assessments while decreasing the focus on physics definitions. The ultimate aim is an improvement in the pass rates of the NSC Grade 12 Physical Sciences examinations.Science and Technology Education
M. Sc. (Mathematics, Science and Technology Education (Physics Education))