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Journal articles on the topic 'Basic production assets'
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1
Karpenko, V., O. Vinnichenko, and O. Petrykiva. "IMPROVEMENT OF ACCOUNTING BASIC ASSETS OF ENTERPRISES." Financial and credit activity: problems of theory and practice 1, no. 36 (February 17, 2021): 108–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.18371/fcaptp.v1i36.227668.
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The source of resources for capital investments in basic assets of enterprises may be money, paid in the form of income tax. The tax load on Ukrainian enterprises in modern conditions is significant. One of the ways to reduce it is to improve the accounting of main facilities. According to the normative documents, capital investments in non-current assets are not included in the expenses of the reporting period, in the process of operation their carrying value refers to the cost of production, goods, works and services in the form of accrual of depreciation during the useful life period, which is determined when the main facilities are accounted on the balance sheet, but not less than permissible, as determined by the Tax Code of Ukraine. Such restrictions have been introduced so that enterprises do not set short operating periods, which will increase the cost of production, reduce the financial result and income tax, which must be paid to the budget. As a result of the establishment of long useful lives, production costs are reduced and increased profit and the amount of income tax. But the company’s significant tax liability diverts resources that could be aimed for diversification, development of modern technologies, renewal of basic facilities, increase of salaries, other purposes. The article studied the cost of basic assets, the degree of their depreciation, the volume of capital investment in the directions of attachment, sources of funds, regions of Ukraine and types of activities, profitability of enterprises. In practical examples reviewed the economic effect from the improvement of the methods of including the value of capital investments into the cost price, the terms of use of main facilities, and the influence of these factors on the financial result of the activities and their tax liabilities are revealed. The released funds in the form of investments in basic assets will contribute to the diversification of production, which will lead to greater volumes and, accordingly, higher revenues and taxes of enterprises, budget revenues for tax payments. The expediency of revaluation of basic assets to increase the value of assets is determined. The necessity of improving the legislative regulation in the field of main facilities accounting to create conditions for economic growth of enterprises, organizations and the state as a whole is proved.
2
Meixner, Kristof, Arndt Lüder, Jan Herzog, Dietmar Winkler, and Stefan Biffl. "Patterns for Reuse in Production Systems Engineering." International Journal of Software Engineering and Knowledge Engineering 31, no. 11n12 (December 2021): 1623–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218194021400155.
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In Production Systems Engineering (PSE), domain experts aim at reusing partial system designs implemented as Industry 4.0 assets and software. However, the knowledge on assets is often scattered across engineering artifacts from multiple disciplines and domain experts, making it difficult to find reusable assets and map them to requirements. In this paper, we (i) identify challenges and requirements for the representation of reuse knowledge in PSE, based on the results of a domain analysis in automotive manufacturing; (ii) refine the Industry 4.0 Asset Network (I4AN) meta-model that integrates multi-disciplinary dependencies between the assets; (iii) introduce the I4AN reference model that exposes recurring patterns; and (iv) present basic and applied patterns for reuse in PSE that aim at improving reuse efficiency and lowering risks. We evaluate the I4AN reference model and patterns with reuse scenarios in a feasibility study in automotive manufacturing. The study results indicate that the I4AN reference model and patterns satisfy the elicited requirements and enable PSE domain experts to identify patterns for reuse and sufficiently complete sets of reusable assets in their contexts.
3
Wang, Lv Rong. "Enterprise Equipment Category of Fixed Assets Evaluation and Management." Advanced Materials Research 1079-1080 (December 2014): 1166–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1079-1080.1166.
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in the process of enterprise business , the equipment is the basis of fixed assets, is to maintain the production of basic material needs of the enterprise, general business equipment category of fixed assets have a higher lifetime value and higher monomer and equipment use in the process of changing the characteristics does not easily occur. From a certain extent, the level of corporate management, production management level and the size of firm size can be reflected from the corporate fixed assets. In this paper, a telecommunications company, for example, analyze the business equipment category of fixed assets evaluation and management.Keywords: equipment fixed assets; evaluation; management
4
Sujatha, CN. "Coal Production Analysis using Machine Learning." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, no. VI (June 14, 2021): 919–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.35130.
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Coal will keep on giving a significant segment of energy prerequisites in the US for at any rate the following quite a few years. It is basic that exact data portraying the sum, area, and nature of the coal assets and stores be accessible to satisfy energy needs. It is likewise significant that the US separate its coal assets productively, securely, and in a naturally mindful way. A restored center around government support for coal-related examination, facilitated across offices and with the dynamic cooperation of the states and modern area, is a basic component for every one of these necessities. In this project we attempt to predict the coal production using various features given the data set. We attempt to implement regression algorithms and find the best algorithm along with fine tuning the parameters of the algorithm. The existing system uses the linear regression model one of the main issues with this basic linear regression is that it does not have a regularization parameter and hence overfits the data. The system also does not provide enough pre-processing and visualization or Exploratory Data Analysis (EDA). We aim to build advanced regression models like ridge and lasso regression and also fine tune the parameters of the model. These models would be trained on a data set which will be engineered carefully after performing the feature engineering.
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Gilaev, G. G., M. Ya Khabibullin, and R. N. Bakhtizin. "Improvement of oil and gas production infrastructure as an effective tool for maintaining basic oil and gas production." SOCAR Proceedings, SI2 (December 30, 2021): 121–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.5510/ogp2021si200581.
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The modern world is a complex mechanism in which each process, direction, sphere of activity, despite visual differences, ultimately creates a single complex element aimed at ensuring human life. One of the key processes occurring on the planet is the extraction of hydrocarbons. The article proposes to consider a solution that will contribute to ensuring the efficiency of oil and gas production processes, will extend the life cycle of mature oil and gas production assets of the Russian Federation (hereinafter referred to as the RF) and extend their economic profitability. Economic and technological efficiency from infrastructure reengineering measures is individual for each region, and directly depends on the volume of oil, water production and the state of the ground infrastructure. The described areas of infrastructure reengineering, in aggregate, represent an effective tool for optimizing operating and capital costs, increasing the reliability of technological equipment, removing infrastructure restrictions, which will contribute to the achievement of the set task - maintaining oil production at mature assets. Keywords: facilities for oil treatment; gas compression; reservoir pressure maintenance; power supply; engineering networks; operating costs; reengineering.
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Mukhin, А. А. "THE USE OF COBB-DOUGLAS PRODUCTION FUNCTION IN MODELING PRODUCTION PROCESSES." Bulletin of Udmurt University. Series Economics and Law 30, no. 6 (December 28, 2020): 822–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.35634/2412-9593-2020-30-6-822-829.
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Several alternative economic approaches to the study of organization are discussed in the literature: the neoclassical theory, the theory of transaction costs (the theory of specific assets), the theory of incomplete contracts (the theory of property rights), and the Agency theory (the theory of incentives). Recently, there have been approaches at the intersection of Economics and management: resource theory, knowledge theory, strategic theory, entrepreneurial theory; in the framework of sociology: network theory, the theory of resource dependence, the theory of institutional isomorphism, the theory of situational choice, the theory of strategic choice. The article deals with the basic model of neoclassical theory. The advantage of the neoclassical theory is that it emphasizes the role of technology in General and economies of scale in particular as factors that influence the size of production, turnover of organizations. Within the framework of the considered approach, a certain macrostructure is determined that carries out the costs of economic resources: fixed assets, the number of employees that affect the turnover of organizations. The task of rational economic management, which meets the Udmurt Republic, is to determine the forecast of turnover of organizations with the given resources and to calculate the necessary for its value of fixed assets, the number of employees.
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Tvrdoň, Oldřich, Radmila Presová, and Martin Přibyl. "Economic-legal aspects of business assets definition and its effectiveness analysis." Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis 52, no. 6 (2004): 189–210. http://dx.doi.org/10.11118/actaun200452060189.
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The thesis “Economic-legal aspects of business assets definition and its effectiveness analysis” analyses the contribution of business assets in joint-stock company Svornost Těmice. The company operates in the field of agricultural primary production. Focus of plant production still keeps the traditional composition of plants grown. In connection with increasing the quality of effectiveness of the machinery the area of corn-production will be expanded. In animal production, the company specialises on the pig-feeding and milking-cows.The theoretical part includes the opinions of the world economists and managers on the definition of basic concepts related to business assets. These opinions are confronted with those of Czech authors, in order to acquaint students of the Faculty of Business and Economics with them – focusing on students of the Trade Management specialisation.The practical part is focused on analysis of effectiveness of business assets in the selected company. It have confirmed that managers of this business have to improve the intensity of exploitation of the asset base and thus to reach its higher effectiveness. This task is necessary for operation in the intensive-competition environment formed after the entrance into the European Union.
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Kokurin, D. I., V. P. Pavelyev, and A. I. Koltunov. "ANALYSIS OF EFFECTIVENESS OF INVESTMENTS IN MODERNIZATION OF PRODUCTION FACILITIES OF AN ENGINEERING COMPANY." Izvestiya MGTU MAMI 6, no. 1 (January 10, 2012): 334–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/2074-0530-70075.
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This paper presents an analysis of production of marketable products in various schemes of financial investments into the modernization of plant and equipment on the production: the use of the loan or lease for the renewal of basic production assets of the enterprise.
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Dianov, D. V., and N. V. Gayfulin. "The application of statistical methods in the expert studies of the basic capital of the regional economy." Voprosy regionalnoj ekonomiki 34, no. 1 (March 20, 2018): 151–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.21499/2078-4023-2018-34-1-151-160.
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This scientific article describes the statistical methodology of assessment and analysis of fixed assets, and also reflected the possibility of using statistical methods in activities of internal Affairs bodies in the identification of economic crimes and offenses that are economic assets, attributable to fixed assets. The article identified and implemented opportunities of improvement application of statistical methods for the evaluation of fixed assets transferred to the belt in the judicial-economic examination, the basis of a substantial part of which is assessment examination aimed at determining the value of economic assets, adequate to modern market conditions and production levels. Moreover, we studied the analytical possibilities of the statistical indicators to conduct a comprehensive analysis of the structure, composition, condition, dynamics, movement, reproduction, and the efficiency of fixed assets. A key aspect of statistical modeling in this article was the quantitative assessment of the factors defining cost parameters of fixed assets taking into account their physical condition in terms of territorial certainty is homogeneous from a statistical point of view of the regions of the European part of Russia.
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Kalynichenko, Iuliia. "ASSET VALUE OF ENTERPRISES AS A BASIC COMPONENT OF ECONOMIC RELATIONS." Economic Analysis, no. 30(1, Part 1) (2020): 97–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.35774/econa2020.01.01.097.
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Introduction. The scale of the current financial crisis is a clear indication of the inefficiency of the vast majority of implemented economic decisions based on traditional principles and paradigms. The basic component of economic relations is the value of assets. International Financial Reporting Standards require that assets be measured at fair value, which is the carrying amount. According to International Financial Reporting Standards, there is a four-level fair value hierarchy that gives higher priority to market contributions to value measurement, and the minimum priority is given to data determined by the enterprise itself based on its assumptions and considerations. However, the vast majority of real estate owned by industrial enterprises is privately owned and used in the production process. Therefore, it is vital for the pricing mechanism to understand how real estate is valued by the owners of these properties. Goal. The purpose of the article is to study the theoretical and methodological provisions and develop practical recommendations for determining the value of assets of enterprises in order to make managerial decisions. Results. The differences between fair and consumer value are determined. It is proven that for the pricing mechanism it is vital to understand how real estate of enterprises is valued by the owners of these objects. It is proposed to use the rate of return offered by the customer, and not determined on a market basis.
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Kharchenko, H., and М. Makovskyi. "Fixed assets management in agricultural enterprises." Bioeconomics and Agrarian Business 11, no. 2 (September 24, 2020): 105–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.31548/bioeconomy2020.02.105.
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The article determined that the economic activity of agricultural enterprises is associated with fixed assets that make up the bulk of their capital. The study determined that the condition and efficiency of the use of fixed assets is an important factor in ensuring the competitiveness of enterprises. The article examines the features of fixed assets management in agricultural enterprises. The following main research methods were used in the article: comparison, monographic, abstract-logical, economic-statistical, methods of analysis and synthesis. Theoretical aspects of defining the economic essence of the concept of "fixed assets" and their classification are studied. The main problems of using fixed assets in modern agricultural enterprises are identified. The need for fixed assets for agricultural production for the period up to 2025 has been studied. The basic conditions of providing enterprises with fixed assets are determined. We are also established that in agricultural enterprises the management of fixed assets is carried out based on such approaches as a functional, process, strategic, systemic, situational, and integrated. It is determined that the purpose of fixed assets management is to ensure the production of competitive products and the formation of competitive advantages of the enterprise. The goals and objectives of fixed assets management at the strategic, tactical and operational levels are studied. Based on of the processed sources, the directions of increase of efficiency of use of fixed assets in the agricultural enterprises are offered: timely replacement of the outdated equipment; improving the organization of logistics of enterprises; use of modern effective systems of material incentives for employees; attracting investment resources of domestic and foreign investors to modernize the material and technical base of enterprises; application of leasing operations. The study investigated that the efficiency of fixed assets management of the enterprise can be considered from the standpoint of the efficiency of their use in economic turnover.
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Kuznetsova, L. M. "THE BASIC DIRECTIONS OF DIRECT FOREIGN INVESTMENTS ATTRACTION INTO THE RUSSIAN REGIONS." Education and Science without Limits: Fundamental and Applied Researches, no. 10 (November 25, 2019): 31–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.36683/2500-249x-2019-10-31-41.
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The urgency of the theme proceeds from the necessity to finance economic growth of the economy of the Russian Federation. In the article government mechanisms and basic directions of direct foreign investments attraction into Russian regions are considered. Advantages of direct for-eign investments attraction to Russia are defined, and new import substitution strategy is suggested which will be aimed at acquisition of foreign assets and production under the contract abroad.
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Yazhlev, Ilya, Dmitry Spitsov, and Alexander Popkov. "The issues of legal and regulatory support for the implementation of resource-saving, energy-saving and best available technologies in urban development." E3S Web of Conferences 210 (2020): 13023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202021013023.
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The article is devoted to the problems of the development of environmental and industrial legislation in Russian Federation with regard to transition to the new principles of environmental management, to reduce negative impacts on the environment through the modernization of basic production assets, the use of innovative methods of management of production processes and business entities.
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Spitsov, Dmitry, and Igor Yazhlev. "Issues of technological regulation in urban development." E3S Web of Conferences 263 (2021): 05010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202126305010.
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The article is devoted to the problems of the development of environmental and industrial legislation in Russian Federation with regard to transition to the new principles of environmental management, to reduce negative impacts on the environment through the modernization of basic production assets, the use of innovative methods of management of production processes and business entities.
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I. Razinkov, Pavel, Dmitry V. Martynov, and Oksana P. Razinkova. "ASSESSMENT OF THE ECONOMIC POTENTIAL OF THE ENTERPRISE." Humanities & Social Sciences Reviews 7, no. 5 (November 6, 2019): 1173–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.18510/hssr.2019.75155.
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Purpose of the study: The article deals with the problems of forming and increasing the efficiency of using the basic production assets of an enterprise.
Methodology: Methods of working with physically challenged children (PCC) are described in the works by V .V.Linkov, N .N. Malofeev, N. M. Nazarov, etc. They consider various methods and techniques of organizing educational work with children having health problems.
Results: The analysis of the effectiveness of the formation and use of the basic production assets of a machine-building enterprise has been carried out, and measures have been considered to improve their formation and use.
Applications of this study: This research can be used for the universities, teachers, and students.
Novelty/Originality of this study: In this research, the model of assessment of the economic potential of the enterprise is presented in a comprehensive and complete manner.
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YANKOVYI, Oleksandr, and Volodymyr YANKOVYI. "CAPITAL-LABOR RATIO IN UKRAINE’S MACHINE BUILDING: REALITY AND OPTIMALITY." Economy of Ukraine 2018, no. 8 (August 14, 2018): 16–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/economyukr.2018.08.016.
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The article examines the situation of appearance of a non-optimal capital-labor ratio on the basis of a comparison of the relative speed of the dynamics of indicators of labor productivity, capital productivity and capital-labor ratio in machine building industry of Ukraine in recent years. Mathematical determination of the optimal capital-labor ratio is substantiated on the basis of production functions taking into account dynamics of the most important indicators of economic activity, presented in value terms. Methodological and applied aspects of the use of the equimarginal principle from microeconomics are discussed to determine the optimal capital-labor ratio within the limits of substitutional production functions. It is proved that at the point of optimal capital-labor ratio, the marginal rate of replacement of production factors’ substitution is equal to one. The resulting conclusion is used as a basis for development of a procedure for finding optimum capital-labor ratio using econometric models, which adequately describe the relationship of time series of product sales, basic productive assets and labor costs based on substitutional production functions. The use of the proposed procedure for determining the optimal capital-labor ratio is carried out on the example of the Cobb-Douglas-Tinbergen production function, the dynamised CES-function and the linear function. The methodological recommendations on calculation of unknown parameters are presented for these functions, as well as the formulas of optimal capital-labor ratio with indicated extreme values of products sold and the total costs for basic production assets and labor payment. The obtained theoretical results are tested according to the data of Ukraine’s machine building. The hypothesis about non-optimal capital-labor ratio in 2007-2015 is confirmed in terms of volumes of sales of the industry production. It turns out that for the analyzed period of time, the basic production assets of machine building were relatively abundant compared with the payment of labor. In 2016-2017, a positive trend begins in dynamics of the capital-labor ratio in the industry to a certain reduction and a gradual approach to the optimal value.
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Aleskerova, Yuliia, Lidiia Fedoryshyna, and Natalia Koval. "FEATURES OF LOAN SECURITY FOR THE REPRODUCTION OF FIXED ASSETS FOR AGRICULTURAL PURPOSES." Baltic Journal of Economic Studies 4, no. 4 (September 2018): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.30525/2256-0742/2018-4-4-1-5.
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The purpose of the article is to justify features of credit support for reproduction of basic agricultural products. It is shown that the modern financial system of Ukraine is in a state of prolonged decline, the output of which depends on the innovation activity of all subjects of the financial system, on the effective reproduction of fixed assets and the adequate financial and credit mechanism of its provision for agricultural enterprises. Methodology. There are several stages of reproduction of fixed assets of agricultural enterprises. At the first stage, there is a productive use of fixed assets. At this stage, they wear out and, accordingly, the amount of wear is calculated. It is the basis for the cancellation of the amount of depreciation deductions for costs after the completion of the production process. At the first stage of the turnover of fixed assets, the lost value of means of labour is lost. It is carried over to the cost of finished products. At the second stage, the transformation of the worn out of fixed assets, which were in a productive form, into cash, is taking place. On the third stage, in the process of production, there is an update of the consumption value of the fixed assets. This update is carried out by replacing the worn core production assets with new ones due to the accumulated depreciation of fixed assets. Results. Thus, it is established that the process of reproduction of fixed assets of agricultural enterprises is characterized by a number of features. The main ones are: a gradual write-off of cost to production costs; partial reproduction of the value in the finished product and its accumulation in cash; a long-time interval required for the renewal of fixed assets in a naturally real form; the need to attract significant one-time cash expenditures. Practical implications. Thus, the peculiarities of credit support for the reproduction of fixed assets of agricultural enterprises are: the objective necessity of its implementation due to the unprofitableness of the industry and the impossibility for a large part of agricultural enterprises, from their own sources, to provide a simple and extended reproduction of fixed assets; seasonal production; necessity of state support of the crediting process of reproduction of fixed assets. Value/originality. Thus, credit support for the reproduction of fixed assets of agricultural enterprises is the obligation of an agrarian enterprise to a credit institution, which must be paid out over a period of more than one year from the date of drawing up the balance sheet, as well as the prolongation of short-term loans used by the enterprise solely for the purpose of reproduction of fixed assets.
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Cherkasova, Tatiana, Yelizaveta Cherkasova, and Anastasia Tikhomirova. "Technology Factors of Improving the Performance Properties of Anticorrosive Protective Coatings for Safety Enhancement of Coal Enterprises." E3S Web of Conferences 41 (2018): 02005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20184102005.
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Corrosion, aging, wear of the basic production assets of the of the Kuznetsk Basin coal industry enterprises lead to huge losses of natural resources and material supplies; labor costs being increased. Most failures, breakdowns, malfunctions at industrial facilities, except for cases of misuse, are caused by the above mentioned factors. Therefore, the primary task is to develop methods for protecting equipment from corrosion. In this paper, the measures to increase the longevity of polymer-silicate mastic protective coatings by studying and optimizing the group of internal properties of polymer-silicates that determine the properties of the coating as a whole are proposed.
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GRAJEWSKI, Krzysztof, Grzegorz KOWALECZKO, Mariusz PIETRASZEK, and Tomasz KLEMBA. "REQUIREMENTS FOR TRAINING GUIDED BOMBS." PROBLEMY TECHNIKI UZBROJENIA 152, no. 4 (April 2, 2020): 7–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0014.0787.
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Requirements of the modern battlefield enforce the use of precision assets of striking (PAS) including above all the guided bombs. Their high price compels the user for employment of exercise PAS equivalents in the training process. The article presents requirements for modern guided bombs. A general division of airborne bombs was made regarding the purpose, the method of use and the manner of bomb's movement. The specifics of dropping for guided and classic bombs are presented. The basic systems of guidance and control for precision assets of strike are reviewed. The article presents basic technical solutions used in a guided airborne exercise bomb (G-AEB) developed by the Air Force Institute of Technology (AFIT), and compares them with specifications for production and using of newly designed exercise bombs of this family.
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Секушина, Ирина, and Irina Sekushina. "Status and Main Problems of Forest Industrial Complex Development of the European North Regions of Russia." Scientific Research and Development. Economics 6, no. 6 (January 23, 2019): 89–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/article_5c1b865bf37149.58143574.
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The article presents an analysis of the dynamics of the main indicators of the state of the le-related complex of the regions of the European North of Russia in the period from 2005 to 2016. The characteristics of the forest fund are given, the dynamics of volumes and shares of timber actually harvested in the regions is presented. The indicators of the average number of employees of organizations of the forest-industrial complex in the context of industries have been analyzed, as well as the share of profitable organizations. On the example of the Vologda region, statistical data characterizing the state of the basic production assets of enterprises of the timber industry complex are considered. An analysis of the structure of shipped goods of its own production, which revealed the presence of certain structural changes in the production of the main types of products in the timber industry. The obtained results of the research testify to the availability of resource potential in the timber industry complex of the regions of the European North and the availability of opportunities to increase production volumes. Among the main problems hampering the dynamic development of logging, woodworking and pulp and paper industries, the unsatisfactory condition of the basic production assets of enterprises, the underdevelopment of transport infrastructure, the lack of qualified personnel, as well as the high level of illegal harvesting of timber are indicated.
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Yatsukh, Olena. "Cognitive modeling of factors of influence on the processes of formation and reproduction of fixed assets of agricultural enterprises." Development Management 16, no. 4 (April 8, 2019): 73–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/dm.4(4).2018.07.
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The features of financial support for reproduction of fixed assets of agrarian enterprises are considered in the article. These include quantitative and qualitative differences in the basic assets of agrarian enterprises, seasonal production, long payback period of capital investments, the reproduction in agricultural enterprises of a significant part of fixed assets in kind, unsustainable financial condition of enterprises and lack of collateral for obtaining long-term loans, undervalued value of fixed assets, no accrual of depreciation on land. For the agricultural enterprises of Ukraine, a cognitive model of the situation "Fixed Assets" was developed, which allows us to investigate factors that determine the possibilities of expanding their reproduction in the light of unstable conditions of functioning. On the basis of cognitive modeling, studies of a possible scenario for the transformation of this system in accordance with the purpose of management have been carried out and modeling the dynamics of the levers of directing the management influences depending on the chosen behavior. It is established that the most significant factors influencing changes in the system of fixed assets are: net profit received by enterprises of the agrarian sector of Ukraine, state support of agricultural producers, foreign investments in agriculture and financing of fixed assets on the basis of leasing. Based on a correlation-regression analysis based on the estimation of stable cause-and-effect relationships, establishing quantitative relations between random variables of the investigated process, conditional forecasts of changes in the size of fixed assets of agricultural enterprises are constructed.
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Zadorozhnyi, Zenovii-Mykhailo, and Sofiia Kafka. "The unique characteristics of the operating environment of oil and gas enterprises and their influence on accounting of non-current tangible assets." Herald of Ternopil National Economic University, no. 3(85) (August 8, 2017): 127–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.35774/visnyk2017.03.127.
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The enterprises, which affect accounting of non-current tangible assets and include the following: dependence on natural factors, heterogeneity of gas and oil drilling, development of mineral deposits, immobility of mining processes, duration of mining, technological cycles involving simultaneous mining of various minerals, lack of work-in-progress, sequence of operations and continuity of production processes, and others. In order to study the unique characteristics of the operational environment of oil and gas enterprises and determine their influence on practices and techniques for accounting of capital assets, methods of measuring interconnections, analysis and synthesis, logical approach are used. Special methods of statistical groups and generalization are applied to explore trends in the oil and gas industry as a whole, and separate sub-sectors of oil and gas extraction, drilling, and transportation. It is found that in the oil and gas industry, the basic methods of measuring accrued depreciation on fixed assets, viewed as the main component of non-current tangible assets, are straightforward and industrial methods; depreciation is not calculated on buffer gas classified as a noncurrent asset; among non-current tangible assets there are no long-term biological assets; enterprises bear significant expenses related to repair and maintenance of main pipelines, etc. The findings of the study are aimed at increasing the reliability, timeliness and analytics of accounting, which will enhance operational efficiency and management of non-current tangible assets in oil and gas enterprises.
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Safia, Fazal. "DETERMINANTS OF WORKING CAPITAL “EVIDENCE FROM PRODUCTION AND SERVICE SECTOR OF PAKISTAN”." International Journal of Finance and Accounting 5, no. 1 (October 2, 2020): 67. http://dx.doi.org/10.47604/ijfa.1147.
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Purpose: Basic purpose of this study is to explore the factors or determinants of working capital. The effect of this research is threefold as its first aim is to explore the determinants of working capital in the service sector, second is to find the determinant of working capital in the production sector and third is to make a comparison between the findings of both sectors.
Research Methodology: Quantitative technique of data collection has been used under explanatory research method and working capital has been taken as dependent variable while return on assets, return on equity, leverage, sales growth, firm size of total assets and firm size of total sales have been taken as independent variables from production and services sector of Pakistan. A sample of 34 companies listed at KSE for 5 years (2007-2011) has been selected with a total observation of 170. Datawerecollectedfrombalancesheetsofthese companies fromofficialsiteofStateBankof Pakistan.
Findings: The finding of this research shows that the same selected variables are not a significant predictor of working capital in both sectors. In the service sector, all selected variables are significant predictor or working capital except for short term debt to total assets variable. However, in the production sector, only sales growth and return on assets is a significant predictor of working capital requirement.
Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: In a developing country like in Pakistan, very little work has been done on working capital determinants. In developed countries and other developing countries, enough work has been done in that area, however, not previously study covers the comparison of the diverse sectors to determine working capital. This study will add a new dimension to the existing literature and cover the gaps in existing literature byaddingthe comparisonofdiverse nature sectors into the existing literature.
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Barabash, Nataliia, and Tetiana Pashkuda. "FORECASTING CHANGES IN THE STRUCTURE OF ASSETS AND CAPITAL OF AGRICULTURAL ENTERPRISES." Economics & Education 6, no. 2 (August 27, 2021): 52–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.30525/2500-946x/2021-2-9.
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The purpose of the study is to develop methodological approaches to forecasting changes in the structure of assets and capital of agricultural enterprises. Methodology. The information base of the article is presented by scientific works of domestic and foreign scientists. The research is based on scientific methods, among which it is expedient to distinguish: analysis and synthesis, comparison, idealization, and abstraction, as well as systematization and generalization – during the formulation of conclusions as a result of the study. Results. It is established that the agricultural sector of Ukraine has significant potential for further growth, but a number of problems hinder its development. Today, the stimulus is the system of land use and land relations, put into effect by lifting the moratorium on land sales. At present, the consequences of such reforms are unpredictable, as there are no clear and transparent rules of the «game» in the sector. It is found out that the most powerful participants in the agricultural market are agricultural holdings, which determine one of the goals of their activities is the development of infrastructure and expansion of influence in foreign markets. In modern economic conditions, the agricultural sector brings 15-20% of Ukraine's GDP annually, and despite the crisis of recent years, provides the population with high-quality products of its own production. Practical implications. One of the main problems in the implementation of working capital management policy is to determine the required amount and optimal composition, which is able to ensure the continuity of the enterprise, the maximum level of efficiency of funds. These problems are solved by forecasting the structure of working capital and forecasting its optimal amount. The urgency of the issue increases due to the fact that the problem of predicting the optimal size and structure of assets and capital challenges is caused by macroeconomic and macro-financial instability. Value/originality. Methodical approaches to forecasting changes in the structure of assets and capital are considered. It is proposed to use a system of indicators for calculations, including the following: growth rate of production and sales, a growth rate of product prices, projected operating costs, non-current assets at the beginning of the forecast period, projected investment, average depreciation rate of non-current assets, duration of production turnover inventories, the duration of collection of receivables, the average share of retained earnings in total profit from sales, the basic volume of production and sales, registered and annual invested capital of the enterprise.
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KOVAL, Olena. "BIOLOGICAL ASSETS IN ACCOUNTING: PROBLEMATIC ASPECTS." "EСONOMY. FINANСES. MANAGEMENT: Topical issues of science and practical activity", no. 1 (41) (January 2019): 112–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.37128/2411-4413-2019-1-9.
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The issues of accounting and information provision of management, state and social control over biological assets with genetically modified forms are considered. The method of constructing a separate account of the availability of genetically modified biological assets (GMBA) and operations on their transformations has been developed, ways of improving the quality of the P (S) "Biological Assets" and IAS 41 "Agriculture" have been identified, which lies in the rethinking of the role of agricultural activity for social and environmental and environmental factors of human development. The analysis of accounting standards has shown that in the content of P (S) "Biological Assets" and IAS 41 "Agriculture" there is no information on the procedure for the accounting and control of biological assets and agricultural products from GMOs. In connection with this, it is necessary to find an integrated approach to building a system of accounting for biological assets with genetically modified organisms, in view of increasing public requests for accounting information in the context of sustainable development. Since GMOs are the assets of all agricultural enterprises in the form of biological assets and agricultural products, for the "transparent" accounting of the enterprise it is necessary to reflect them as separate objects of accounting. Mandatory allocation of relevant analytical accounts leads to the introduction of additional articles on genetically modified biological assets in the accounting registers of accounting and statistical reporting. The accounting of biological assets with genetically modified organisms should ensure that accurate information is obtained about the quality and quantity of these assets, and the basis for their reliable assessment. More responsibly should be placed on the disclosure of information on genetically modified biological assets in the Notes to the Financial Statements. We suggest that the accumulated information on biological assets from GMOs be reflected in a separate section in section 16 entitled "Financial Results from Primary Acceptance and Marketing of Agricultural Products from GMOs and Additional Biological Assets with GMOs". The introduction of a separate section in the notes on genetically modified assets will allow obtaining the necessary operational information on these assets for management needs and for the state as a whole. Information on the biological assets of the enterprise and their biological transformations, as well as agricultural products, are reflected in the Form 50-s. "Basic economic indicators of agricultural enterprises". We consider it expedient to supplement it with another section, which will reflect the information on the composition of production and marketing of agricultural products from GMOs. The financial statements of agricultural enterprises require changes in the reflection of the reassessment of biological assets and information on the production and sale of genetically modified assets. Information on GMO biological assets is currently absent from P (S) "Biological Assets" and IAS 41, although it is significant both at the enterprise level and on the basis of the country as a whole. Therefore, we consider it expedient to supplement the contents of the provisions with the section "Environmental safety", which will specify the method of constructing a separate accounting for biological assets with GMOs. Solving the problems of accurately displaying information in accounting and reporting regarding genetically modified biological assets and their biological transformations requires the adoption of new, regulatory and legal decisions by the state. Taking into account the harmonization of Ukraine's legislation with the EU, this statement is quite logical. In this regard, we propose the standard of accounting for agricultural activities to be supplemented with the section "State support", which, in addition to the norms reflected in IAS 41, found a place and provisions to stimulate the production of biological assets and agricultural products without genetically modified organisms.From the above, we believe that at the state level, companies should be required to account for biological assets and agricultural products from GMOs in accounting and reporting. The real steps in this regard are to create, with the help of economic incentives (taxes, loans, privileges, etc.), state support to companies that provide true information on the availability of biological assets from GMOs, the quantity of GM products grown and markets for its sales. Consequently, taking into account the advantages and disadvantages of a new accounting of agricultural activity, having identified the problems of its application in practice, we propose to finalize P (S) 30 "Biological Assets". The revised standard will facilitate more realistic accounting in agriculture and achievement of higher end results of activities in order to ensure the management of reliable and truthful information about the results of activities. Improvement of P (S) 30 "Biological Assets" lies in the rethinking of the role of agricultural activity for social and environmental and environmental factors of human development. The issue of "State support" and "Environmental safety" require separate disclosure in agricultural sectoral standards. The world standardization of accounting and reporting of the production of genetically modified products is also very important
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Linkova, Helen Yu. "Intangible assets and integrated management systems." Economies' Horizons, no. 4(11) (November 2, 2019): 37–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.31499/2616-5236.4(11).2019.206059.
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The purpose of the research. It is established that in order to enter new markets and increase the competitiveness of goods in the international market in the conditions of information economy and distribution of intangible assets for domestic enterprises, the role of integrated management systems is increasing. The purpose of the study is to analyze the challenges for Ukrainian enterprises in the times of European integration, which requires solving the problems related to the definition of an algorithm for the implementation of international quality standards and mechanisms for assessing the productivity of their use. Methodology. In this work a retrospective analysis of quality management systems at the enterprise is carried out, the results of which revealed the evolutionary components of the quality requirements and the structures of its implementation at the enterprise: input control of raw materials; production processes; international standards; environmental and social management; security of activity and information. Results. The basic world tendencies of economic development are revealed: increasing of global competition, growth of the sphere of services, acceleration of scientific and technological progress, internationalization of financial markets. Characteristics of the modern economy of Ukraine: resource structure of exports; a small component of intangible assets; static attitude to quality. The classification of intangible assets of the enterprise by assets and competencies as a basis for accelerating the process of obtaining the effect of economic activity. Thus, for the implementation of the strategy of entering the European markets, domestic enterprises need to activate the management of the formation of potential capabilities of the enterprise through the development of staff competencies for quality, management systems and negotiation activities to attract additional investments, as well as the adoption of quality standards. Based on the study of the evolution of quality management concepts at the enterprise, the process of integration of management systems is proposed. Integrated management tools (affinity, relationships, lead times): maximize the synergistic effect of integration. Practical meaning. It is established that the spread of integrated management systems will allow: consumers – to get the product with the maximum combination of price and quality; to business owners – to form a systematic attitude of staff to quality, to partners – to reduce the risks of implementation of agreements; to society – to obtain additional sources of funding by increasing export revenues from processing industries and improving environmental and safety performance. Prospects for further research. The direction for further research on the introduction of integrated management systems is proposed – the search for economic-mathematical models that optimally combine internal tangible assets and intangible assets that fall outside the competence of an individual enterprise.
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Vasylkova, Y. K. "IMPROVING THE ENTERPRISES COMPETITIVENESS BY OPTIMIZING PRODUCTION COSTS." Economic innovations 19, no. 2(64) (July 7, 2017): 59–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.31520/ei.2017.19.2(64).59-64.
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The technology of management decisions was studied in the article. The agricultural enterprises of Kherson region were analyzed. The modernization necessity of morally and physically obsolete fixed assets as an important component of compliance with rules and regulations protecting the environment was proved. The consequences of changes in legislatively established wage were analysis. In the article there is given the analysis of the consequences of implementation of governmental bodies� initiatives on the forming of tax burden when paying salary. It was discovered that increasing of nominal level of labour remuneration in general self cost of production may lead to increasing of selling price and worsening of competitive ratio in comparison with production (work, services) of foreign business entities. It was found that just internal changes in the structure of labour remuneration concerning the increase of a share of basic wage together with the simultaneous decrease of a share of additional wage and premium pays may almost equalize the wage levels of qualified specialists that have considerable intellectual potential and occur the positions of responsibility with the wage levels of unskilled service personnel.
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Golovko, O. Hr, and D. O. Omelianenko. "PECULIARITIES OF BUSINESS ASSET MANAGEMENT." Economics and Law, no. 2 (September 9, 2021): 135–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/econlaw.2021.02.135.
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The article is devoted to the generalization of theoretical aspects and practical recommendations for improving the asset management system in modern conditions. To build an effective system, the object of management — assets — is studied in detail. The approaches to understanding the essence of assets, namely value, financial and property, are singled out. The ratio of such concepts as “current assets”, “working capital” and “working capital” is studied, their common and different characteristics are determined. The current assets are grouped according to different classification features and their significance in the production process is determined. It is substantiated that the grouping of current assets is primarily of practical importance, allowing to build a clear system of accounting and analysis of the availability and movement of current assets and to form an effective system of their management by individual types. A thorough analysis of the interpretations of the concept of “asset management” available in the scientific literature has been made, and several approaches to its understanding have been identified. The conducted research made it possible to form an author's definition of the current assets management system. It is determined that the current assets management system should be based on an integrated approach, the components of which are objects and subjects of management, purpose, basic principles and functions, methods and tools of influence, formalized quantitative and qualitative criteria for achieving goals, and factors forming the operating environment of the object. The characteristic of each element of the system is given, in particular the subjects and objects of management are concretized, their interaction is considered, the purposes and tasks are outlined. It is determined that the functions of the management system are controlling, stabilizing and analytical, and the principles on which it is based — timeliness, unity, continuity, optimality and rationality. The implementation of the current assets management system involves the implementation of a number of successive measures in the form of certain stages, which are considered in the work. The proposed system of current assets management will predict the choice of management strategy of the entity in the long run and increase the overall efficiency of its operation.
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Mukhin, Alexei А., Elena A. Konina, Natalia V. Gorbushina, and Anna I. Latysheva. "Modeling of production processes in rural areas: management and development effectiveness." Revista Amazonia Investiga 9, no. 29 (May 18, 2020): 179–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.34069/ai/2020.29.05.21.
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In the modern economy, the process of studying independent and alternative approaches to studying a business (organization) is happening more and more. Such alternative approaches of today include: “neoclassical theory”, “theory of transaction costs” (theory of specific assets), “theory of incomplete contracts” (theory of property rights), and also “agent theory” (theory of incentives). Such integrated systems and approaches of economics and management as “resource theory”, “knowledge theory”, “strategic theory”, “entrepreneurial theory”, “network theory”, “theory of resource dependence”, “theory of institutional isomorphism”, “theory of situational choice", "The theory of strategic choice" is currently promising and relevant. The article discusses the basic model of neoclassical theory. The main superiority of this theory is expressed in the fact that it predetermines the technological component as a whole as an economy in the broad sense of the understanding and depends on the scale of activity of the economic entity. Moreover, this theory provides for the reflection of savings in the activities of an economic entity, taking into account the scale of activity and business processes (factors) that characterize the volume of production and turnover of organizations. In the framework of the approach under consideration, a certain macrostructure is determined that incurs costs of economic resources: fixed assets, the number of employees that affect the turnover of organizations. The rational management task that the Udmurt Republic encounters is to determine the forecast for the turnover of organizations for given resources and in calculating the fixed assets necessary for its value and the number of employees. It was revealed that the rural economy of Udmurtia has a negligible effect on the scale of resources, since with a simultaneous increase in labor and capital by 1%, the turnover of organizations increases by 1.82%, and the final product is most dependent on the state of the workforce, as the current state the equipment used is in critical condition in terms of wear and efficiency.
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Sviatetskyi, Vladyslav V. "ФОРМУВАННЯ СИСТЕМИ УПРАВЛІННЯ КОМЕРЦІАЛІЗАЦІЄЮ ІНТЕЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЇ ВЛАСНОСТІ." Bulletin of the Kyiv National University of Technologies and Design. Series: Economic sciences 153, no. 6 (July 4, 2021): 116–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.30857/2413-0117.2020.6.13.
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The article presents the results of research on the justification of structural elements within the management framework for intellectual property commercialization under the process of technology transfer. The study provides basic theoretical premises, approaches and principles of intellectual property management and reveals the specifics of management decision making. Based on scientific research in favour of viewing the subsystem of intellectual asset management as an independent subsystem of management along with production, financial, marketing and other subsystems, the study offers a functional and structural representation of the management framework for intellectual property commercialization along with focusing on its critical role in the overall management paradigm and technology transfer system. The significance of information and intellectual assets as a research object in the theory and practice of management has been reasoned. It is argued that the process of intellectual property management in a modern research and production enterprise challenges fundamental adjustments and regulatory support. According to the results of the study in the area of management theory and practice of intellectual property commercialization in modern realia, the following structural elements of the system have been identified: a developed enterprise strategy and technology transfer vectors; strategy implementation assessment; making a decision as to diversification and expansion towards intellectual property commercialization; calculation of remuneration to creators of intellectual assets; informing external stakeholders as to the market value of the enterprise strategic goals in technology transfer.
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Ivanov, T., M. Petrushenko, S. Kostіychenko, and A. Ostrovsjkyj. "DETERMINATION OF THE BASIC REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DESIGN AND TECHNOLOGICAL PROCESS OF MANUFACTURING AMMUNITION WEAPONS." Collection of scientific works of Odesa Military Academy 2, no. 12 (December 27, 2019): 119–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.37129/2313-7509.2019.12.2.119-130.
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The article identifies the need to create basic requirements for the technological process of designing and manufacturing ammunition for small arms based on the analysis of the assets of previous years in our country and foreign countries. The basic principles of classification of ammunition for small arms are presented, the characteristics of the firing process that are necessary for further ballistic calculations are briefly analyzed, the necessary loading conditions are determined, the dynamic and ballistic characteristics of bullets are determined, their reliable functioning during firing is evaluated. The methods of calculations of the main parameters of extraction and durable characteristics of the cartridges are given. The design procedure is determined by the data on the construction and purpose of different types of cartridges, methods of testing and acceptance of products are considered. The processes of production of metal elements of ammunition for small arms are highlighted separately. It is known that the only source of supply of ammunition for small arms for the Armed Forces of Ukraine was the Luhansk Cartridge Plant, which apparently used sources and literature for the design and production of ammunition since the Soviet Union. Unfortunately, during the years of Ukraine's independence, both during the peacetime and during the armed conflict in eastern Ukraine, attention was not paid to developing requirements for the design and production of not only small arms ammunition, but also of ammunition as a whole, which is why it becomes unclear, what modern private investors rely on and use, offering and already partially meeting the needs of the Armed Forces of Ukraine with some types of ammunition. It is no secret that the scale of the cost of ammunition for small arms, even in peacetime, counts by the billions of pieces, which requires considerable material costs not only for their production, but also for transportation, storage, and testing. Accordingly, the purpose of the article is to determine the basic requirements for the basics of design and technological process of production of ammunition for small arms, taking into account the constant development and modernization of not only the cartridges themselves, but also small arms.
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MIKHLIAIEVA, DARIA, and VASYL BЕLOZERTSEV. "METHOD OF AUDIT OF FIXED ASSETS AT MOTOR VEHICLE ENTERPRISES." HERALD OF KHMELNYTSKYI NATIONAL UNIVERSITY 300, no. 6 Part 2 (December 2021): 28–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.31891/2307-5740-2021-300-6/2-5.
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The article reveals the methodology of the audit at motor transport enterprises of Ukraine. One of the most important parts of the development of Ukraine’s productive forces is the transport industry, which provides production and circulation processes, transporting manufactured products to the month of its sale and consumption, as well as providing passenger transportation services. Today, almost every company, regardless of its economic activity, owns its own vehicles. But for trucking companies, cars are the main means of providing services. That is why the issue of effective use of motorsports, which is impossible without a quality audit, is quite relevant. Methods of auditing fixed assets at motor transport enterprises of Ukraine, as well as at other types of enterprises, defined by International Standards on Auditing. In accordance with ISA 200 «Purpose and Basic Principles of Auditing Financial Statements», the purpose of an audit of property, plant and equipment is for the auditor to express an independent professional opinion on the correctness of the entity’s financial statements. The article considers the main tasks of the audit of fixed assets in motor transport enterprises, as well as the main procedures used in the audit of fixed assets. The paper proves the importance and necessity of auditing the accounting of fixed assets at motor transport enterprises, because the effectiveness of their use affects the cost of motor transport services and as a consequence on the financial results of transport enterprises of Ukraine. The article also presents a test of internal control of fixed assets at the trucking company, which should be carried out at the preparatory stage of the audit of fixed assets and provide the auditor with the necessary information to develop an optimal audit program, taking into account the activities of the trucking company. In addition, the article provides samples of working documents of the auditor during the inspection of fixed assets at the trucking company.
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Metelkin, A. V. "The mechanisms of governmental support of construction material industries." Voprosy regionalnoj ekonomiki 39, no. 2 (July 30, 2019): 58–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.21499/2078-4023-2019-39-2-58-64.
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Based on the analysis of the production and import of certain types of building materials, this article proposed a model of state support for manufacturers of the building materials industry. Restrictive measures in relation to Russia in the field of imports of products and technologies, financial sphere, necessitated the speedy reform of the national economy in order to fully ensure national security, and above all economic security. The solution of urgent problems of economic security is possible under the condition of widespread reform of the real sector of the national economy, including the renewal and modernization of basic production assets, in order to ensure the proper quality and quantity of import-substituting products, including building materials.
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Ranoux, Guillaume, Gabriela Tataru, and Xavier Coqueret. "Cationic Curing of Epoxy–Aromatic Matrices for Advanced Composites: The Assets of Radiation Processing." Applied Sciences 12, no. 5 (February 24, 2022): 2355. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12052355.
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Cross-linking polymerization of multifunctional aromatic monomers initiated by exposure to high energy radiation continues to be explored as a promising alternative to thermal curing for the production of high-performance composite materials. High-energy radiation processing offers several advantages over thermosetting technology by allowing for fast and out-of-autoclave curing operations and for its adaptability in the manufacturing of large and complex structures at reduced energy costs. The present article covers the basic aspects of radiation curing by cationic polymerization of epoxy resins, providing a status report on recent investigations conducted in our group to improve the properties of epoxy matrices and gain better control over the process for producing composites. A selection of results based on blends prepared with different composition of epoxy aromatics, transfer agents, thermoplastic toughening agents and onium salt initiators exemplifies the importance of the composition on polymerization kinetics and on the properties of resulting materials. The superiority of radiation-triggered polymerization-induced phase separation of thermoplastic additives is emphasized by the obtained morphology of toughened materials. The low initial temperature and fast curing of the reactive blends limits the expansion of phase-separated thermoplastic domains, resulting in an enhancement of the toughness.
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STANISLAVYK, Olena, and Oleksandr KOVALENKO. "Modern problems of fixed capital management of the industrial enterprise." Economics. Finances. Law, no. 4 (April 29, 2021): 23–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.37634/efp.2021.4.4.
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Introduction. Production activity is impossible without the presence of fixed capital and its basic element – fixed assets, in the operation of which the depreciation fund is formed and the targeted use of depreciation deductions and quality reproduction of fixed assets of the enterprise are positioned to the fore. The importance of this issue increases due to need to enter markets with competitive goods and services, which leads to innovative and active activities of industrial enterprises, which require, above all, significant investments into the fixed assets. The purpose of the paper is to highlight the essence and modern problems of fixed capital management of industrial enterprise. Results. The paper explores the essence of fixed capital management of industrial enterprise and identifies modern key issues in this area facing managers of domestic industrial enterprises. The role of strategic and tactical planning of the process of reproduction of fixed assets in the management of fixed capital of the industrial enterprise and the reasons for its renewal are highlighted. The requirements for the formation of strategy and management system of fixed capital of the industrial enterprise are presented. The stages of formation of the effective strategy of fixed capital management under conditions of the modern market and the basic directions of activity of the industrial enterprise in this sphere are offered. The necessity of implementing the rational depreciation policy and correct revaluation of fixed assets is shown. The importance of using leasing as effective tool for investment and renewal of fixed assets of domestic enterprises of the industrial sector of economy is considered. Conclusion. For the effective management of fixed capital, it is important for industrial enterprises to perform a number of tasks, which involve the development of long-term strategy and tactics for the formation and effective use of fixed assets; determination of fixed capital renewal needs; adequate assessment of the conditions of fixed assets, maintaining the proper conditions of machinery and equipment; implementation of rational depreciation policy; finding acceptable sources of funding for the restoration of fixed capital, as well as finding more efficient ways of using the investment resources. It should allow the industrial enterprise to produce products, which are in demand, and ensure stable competitive positions and high efficiency in the long run.
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Gibadullin, A. A., and Yu V. Yerygin. "FORMATION OF THE SUSTAINABILITY MODEL OF THE ELECTRIC POWER COMPLEX." Vestnik SibADI 15, no. 4 (September 12, 2018): 618–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.26518/2071-7296-2018-4-618-628.
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Introduction. The article is devoted to the issue of ensuring the stability of the electric power complex in modern Russia.Materials and methods. The conducted research devoted to the capacities condition of the electro power complex shows that the equipment and the basic means on power objects have undergone to moral and physical deterioration. In addition to the state of the main production capacities, the stability of electric power enterprises is influenced by other internal and external factors, among which are organizational and managerial, environmental, production structure and other determinants as well as climatic, geographical, socio-economic conditions, etc. Therefore, the modern electric power complex in the nearest future would not be able to ensure the reliability of electricity supply, which requires the formation of the model to ensure the electricity complex stability.Results. The sustainability could be formed by two components, such as sustainable functioning and sustainable development, which include three fundamental factors: the exports share, the provision of financial resources and the fixed assets state.Discussion and conclusion. The authors concluded that the electric power complex sustainability should be carried out both by increasing the amount of generated electricity, that would be supplied to the world energy markets, and by reducing production costs by updating fixed assets and using innovative technologies.
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Ávila-Foucat, Véronique Sophie, Daniel Revollo-Fernández, and Carolina Navarrete. "Determinants of Livelihood Diversification: The Case of Community-Based Ecotourism in Oaxaca, Mexico." Sustainability 13, no. 20 (October 14, 2021): 11371. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su132011371.
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Diversification is a livelihood strategy that households use to survive and to absorb disturbances. Community-based ecotourism (CBE) is part of a set of sustainable options that are available to households for diversification. This paper analyses households’ capital assets that increase the probability of a family becoming involved in a CBE compared to other forms of diversification, and empirical evidence is presented for coastal communities located in Oaxaca, Mexico. Based on household surveys and a multinomial logit econometric model, the results show that the probability that a household decides to become involved in CBE increases for households with young people and those that have their basic needs covered by government programs or small agricultural production. Other forms of diversification are positively related to agreements within the community, woodfire use, and the presence of irrigated lands. Thus, CBE is determined by specific assets mentioned previously compared to other forms of diversification. Particularly, to promote CBE, tourism policies need to consider households’ human, social, natural, and financial capital assets and the associated programs in an integrated way to enhance community development.
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Rozanova, Ljudmila I., and Sergei V. Tishkov. "Analysis of production and financial potential as a basis for developing a strategy for modernizing the Russian economy." Statistics and Economics 15, no. 4 (September 4, 2018): 29–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.21686/2500-3925-2018-4-29-41.
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The article is devoted to an assessment of the potential for modernization of the Russian economy in the face of external challenges that make it difficult for domestic companies to access international financial markets and technologies. The relevance of the study is due to the need to search for own resources for the required large-scale modernization. The purpose of the study is to assess the production and financial potential in the modernization process. This goal predetermines the solution of such problems as analysis of the current state of the production base, assessment of financial resources for the production upgrade, identification of opportunities and risks in the implementation of modernization processes. In this connection, the authors focus on analyzing the factors constraining modernization processes, such as: a low level of capital accumulation, inadequate development of the financial services market, and uneven spatial accessibility of credit institutions.The methodological apparatus for analyzing the production and financial potential is based on the allocation of basic non-financial sectors of the economy and the financial market, using the methods of detailing, grouping, vertical and horizontal analysis, comparison and synthesis. In addition, graphical analysis is used. The empirical basis of the study was the statistical indicators of the Federal State Statistics Service for the branches of the economy and the data of the Central Bank of the Russian Federation on the state of the banking sector. The theoretical basis was the works of well-known scientists, dedicated to the issues of re-industrialization and the development of strategic priorities for innovative modernization of the Russian economy.The article compares the dynamics of investment in fixed assets with the rate of increase in depreciation of production assets, analyzes the sources of financing investment activities in the part of updating production systems, and assesses the methods of state regulation of the banking sector as one of the main external suppliers of investment resources in non-financial sectors of the economy. The quality of regulation of financial market institutions is assessed from the standpoint of its diversification and ensuring greater accessibility to the borrowed capital of not only business but also the population.Based on the results of the analysis, factors that limit the scope for large-scale structural modernization of the economy are identified. It is revealed that the pace of renewal of fixed capital is insufficient and does not contribute to reducing the wear and tear of production assets in the basic sectors of the Russian economy. The availability of borrowed capital for the modernization of production systems is differentiated in a spatial aspect. The functioning institutions of the financial market also do not ensure equal access to credit resources for small and medium-sized businesses.The scientific novelty of this study is that the authors identified the main problems of the process of modernization and implementation of innovative developments in the context of high levels of depreciation of production systems and inadequate investment resources. In addition, worthy of attention is the conclusion that the structure of the financial services market is inadequate for the scale of structural modernization and it needs to be diversified. The results of the research can find practical application in the development of modernization strategies in the leading sectors of the economy.
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Obydenov, A. YU. "Parametric management of economic actor behaviour under bounded rationality." Strategic decisions and risk management, no. 4-5 (October 29, 2017): 58–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.17747/2078-8886-2017-4-5-58-67.
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The article explores parametric management of economic entity production volume within framework of weak and strong hypothesis of bounded rationality. The concept of parametric management with the example of economic entity behavior modeling under the conditions of bounded rationality is considered. The qualitative analysis of nonlinear kinetics differential equations is applied as the basic method of the investigation suggested. The investigation proves the possibility of parametric stimulation of economic entity production volume increasing by the means of: transfers, taxes, fixed prices depending on different conditions, such as the model of economic entity rationality, demand function, borrowing financial assets accessibility. The invariant instruments of parametric management for different models of economic actors strategic behavior are proposed. The managerial problems explored may be generalized for solving the coordination problem as a hole.
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Masaev, S. Kh, U. Kh Makaev, and M. V. Debiev. "The basic stages of improving the power grid complex functioning of the Chechen Republic." Power engineering: research, equipment, technology 22, no. 4 (November 15, 2020): 43–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.30724/1998-9903-2020-22-4-43-53.
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The article considers the state of the electric power industry functioning of the Chechen Republic. Comparative data on the reception in the network and useful electricity supply of the Chechen Republic in recent years are presented. The total transformer capacity structure of all substations, as well as the power lines total length of Chechenenergo JSC, is considered. The main electric power industry problems of the Chechen power system, which are the lack of own generating capacities, the transformer capacities shortage of substations 110 and 35 kV and the main production assets high level wear of the electric grid economy, are studied. The tasks to reduce the Chechen energy system electric energy losses are considered. The values and causes of the electric energy losses in different district electric networks (RES) of JSC "Chechenenergo" are determined. A comparative analysis of the electrical energy losses in recent years has been performed. Issues related to reactive power in electrical networks are considered. An analysis was carried out to determine the reactive power values in different district electric networks of Chechenenergo JSC. Measures are proposed that contribute to the reactive power normalization and the improvement of technical and economic indicators in electric networks. The networks electrical circuits improvement analysis was carried out to ensure the power supply stability and reliability to consumers in the republic. The production process control system and diagnostics is proposed, which will allow to regulate and coordinate the activities to manage the technical condition, as well as the power system reliability.
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Maes, Marc A., Jeff Sinclair, and David B. Lewis. "Risk Analysis of Running a Deep-Water Production Test From a Dynamically Positioned Vessel in the North Atlantic." Journal of Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering 127, no. 1 (February 1, 2005): 52–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1854706.
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The present paper describes the key steps and issues involved in performing a quantitative risk analysis (QRA) for a dynamically positioned (DP) offshore vessel that is used to perform a short-term production test (PT) in North Atlantic deep waters. The basic approach is to focus on the “incremental” risk that would occur if the PT were run from a DP vessel as opposed to a fixed structure. The analysis is structured around two basic groups of risk: those specifically associated with DP vessel disconnection decisions and activities (all of which are seasonal), and those occurring during normal operation of the DP vessel. In the case of disconnection caused by hazards such as severe weather, ice, equipment or reference system malfunction, or human/operating error, a large variety of event sequences is assumed, each resulting in different consequences and risks. These are formulated for each analysis outcome in terms of loss of life, release of chemicals into the environment, and damage and loss of assets and equipment, as well as overall failure cost. It is shown that the QRA provides a very useful basis for optimal decision making with respect to the feasibility, the planning, and the risk/benefit of deep-water production testing from a DP vessel.
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Kassenova, Gulmira, Aizhan Zhamiyeva, Aizhan Zhildikbayeva, Raigul Doszhan, and Kamilla Sadvakassova. "Digitalization of the company’s financial resources (by the example of Air Astana JSC)." E3S Web of Conferences 159 (2020): 04021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202015904021.
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The article considers the problems of the digitalization and use of financial resources. There is an investigation on the factors of impact on the efficiency of developing, the sources and directions of entrepreneurs’ financial resources allocation has been carried out in the article. For effective financial activity of the enterprise ways to improve the development and use of financial resources were suggested. The relevance of the topic is that the current situation of the companies will help to effectively analyze problem, build up the efficiency and effectiveness of its financial resources, activate the financial position of the financial institution. The financial resources of the enterprise are all part of the financial instruments for the formulation of non-qualified assets in all types, as well as the accounting of assets, capital and equity. The financial resources are designed to secure the financial budget, banks, insurance organizations, suppliers and goods; the cost of implementation of the expansion, reconstruction and modernization of production, the acquisition of new basic facilities.
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SHLYCHKOV, D. S. "COST MANAGEMENT OF AN ECONOMIC ENTITY IN A MODERN BUSINESS CONDITIONS." EKONOMIKA I UPRAVLENIE: PROBLEMY, RESHENIYA 2, no. 2 (2021): 38–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.36871/ek.up.p.r.2021.02.02.007.
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The costs of the organization are the assets of the organization, including material values, labor re-sources, which transfer their value to finished products, work, services. In modern economic conditions of economic activity of an economic entity, the simple assignment of costs to the cost of production has lost its significance. This is due to the fact that it is necessary to satisfy the request of the end consumer through a price offer for the product, as well as the request of the state through the payment of taxes to the treasury. Consequently, management is required to implement measures to manage the costs of an economic entity. This article discusses the question of what methods can be used to implement cost management, and in addition, it presents a basic conceptual model for managing production processes of an economic entity and a model of a production cost management system using the example of the coal industry.
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Ropafadzo, Chigunhah Blessing, Svotwa Ezekia, Munyoro Gerald, Mabvure Tendai Joseph, and Govere Ignatius. "Characterization of Bank Lending Requirements for Farmers in Zimbabwe." Asian Journal of Agriculture and Rural Development 10, no. 2 (September 1, 2020): 628–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.18488/journal.ajard.2020.102.628.644.
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Bank credit availability is vital for enhancing farm productivity, income, and farmer livelihoods. This study sought to characterize the lending requirements considered by commercial banks when lending to farmers in Zimbabwe. Primary data were collected from a cross-section of 12 registered commercial banks. Relative Importance Index (RII) and Thematic analysis analysed data. High importance lending requirements that were always considered by all commercial banks when lending to farmers included credit history, productive farm assets, business registration, loan purpose, amount, and repayment source. Agricultural production skills, age, business plans, financial statements, social reputation, and project insurance were also mandatory in the majority of the commercial banks. High to medium importance lending requirements included extension support, business management skills, bank account ownership, own contribution, and personal savings. Medium importance requirements included formal basic education, alternative income, and freehold land ownership. Therefore, besides the widely documented collateral, local commercial banks also considered several other requirements when lending to farmers. Government policy should go beyond solving the collateral issue but benchmark its policies to other bank lending requirements. Farmers should also pursue personal development programs in agricultural production, business, and financial management. They should also invest in off-farm assets to ensure collateral availability.
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Anissa, Rizki. "SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT SUSTAINABILITY THROUGH THE PERFORMANCE IMPROVEMENT OF MTS-MTO PRODUCTION SYSTEM TYPOLOGY." JURNAL MANAJEMEN INDUSTRI DAN LOGISTIK 1, no. 1 (February 10, 2017): 58. http://dx.doi.org/10.30988/jmil.v1i1.8.
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Batik has been acknowledged as a Masterpiece of Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity of Indonesia based on UNESCO in 2009 and this asset is considerably becoming the prospect to overcome global market in Asia. In the other side, the global competition can only be encountered by sustainably developing the internal industry. Therefore, this research elaborates sustainable supply chain performance assessment and also the improvement framework applied in Batik industry with MTO-MTS typology. For fulfilling the provisions of sustainability, the economic, environmental, and social is strictly important to be involved in. Supply Chain Operations Reference (SCOR) is a reference model of assessment considering five attributes to be measured and implemented as the perspective of economic assessment. Employee’s welfare and liquid waste assessment are then becoming the method to measure the social and environmental aspect. This resulted score as: Reliability is 89.24%, Responsiveness for MTS is 96% for MTO is 62%, Cost is 83.32%, Agility is 100%, and the Assets Management is 79.63%. For the social aspect, the score of parameter Health Insurance is 100%, Safety Tools is 100%, Basic Allowance is 70%, Annual Allowance is 100%, Appropriate Work Hours is 67%, and the Reward is 70%. For the environmental aspect, the temperature is 100%, pH 62.0%, BOD 100%, COD 64.7%, and TSS 7.4%. The improvement framework is also proposed by using Customer Order Decoupling Point (CODP) that results the increased performance in the Responsiveness attribute in the MTO process as much as 8.25%.
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Ryś-Jurek, Roma. "WORKING CAPITAL IN FAMILY FARMS. FINDINGS FROM FADN IN 2004-2018." Annals of the Polish Association of Agricultural and Agribusiness Economists XXII, no. 3 (September 20, 2020): 187–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0014.3985.
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The aim of this article is an analysis of the level of net working capital, calculated on: an individual farm, the length of a cycle in days, share in assets, within the framework of management efficiency in EU agricultural farms included in the FADN database in 2004-2018. Data contains basic information on the situation of approximately 8,430 production and economic types in the EU in the abovementioned period. Firstly, the analysed objects are divided into four classes on the basis of the length of the NWC cycle expressed in days (negative value, up to half a year, more than half a year but less than a year and more than a year). The centres of gravity in these categories are estimated for selected production, economic and financial information with the use of the Gretl programme. The relationship between a relation of the NWC to assets and management efficiency is also estimated. A statistically significant and positive relationship is demonstrated in the case of three of four analysed classes. Therefore, the relation of the NWC to assets has an impact on the evolution of farm management efficiency. The factor differentiating the strength of that impact is the length of the net working capital cycle on the holding. It allows to formulate the concluding remark that as negative NWC can hardly be identified and the vast majority of farms maintains it within a 1 year period, the situation of agricultural farms can be assessed as safe in the management of the NWC.
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Mordan, Ie, and A. Sumchenko. "THE METHODICAL APPROACH TO THE CONSTRUCTION OF THE ENTERPRISE ASSET MANAGEMENT SYSTEM." Vìsnik Sumsʹkogo deržavnogo unìversitetu, no. 4 (2019): 24–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.21272/1817-9215.2019.4-3.
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The article deals with generalization of theoretical aspects and practical recommendations on improving the system of management of current assets in modern conditions. The management object are current assets, was studied in detail to build an effective system. The relation of such concepts as "current assets", "circulating capital" is investigated, their common and different characteristics are determined. The grouping of current assets by different classification characteristics (sources of formation, composition, level of liquidity, nature of the organization, place in the reproduction process, form of operation, location) is carried out and their value in the production process is determined. It is substantiated that the grouping of current assets is first and foremost of practical importance, allowing to build a clear system of accounting and analysis of the presence and movement of current assets and to form an effective system of their management by individual types. The thorough analysis of the concepts in the scientific literature of the concept of "management of current assets" is carried out, it is distinguished several approaches to its understanding. The researches made it possible to form an author's definition of a system of management current assets. It is determined that current assets of the management system should be based on a comprehensive approach, the components of which are the objects and subjects of management, the purpose, basic principles and functions, methods and instruments of influence, formalized quantitative and qualitative criteria for achievement of purposes, as well as factors, that shape the environment of the object. The characteristics of each element of the system is presented, including in particular the subjects and objects of management, their interaction is considered, purposes and tasks are defined. It is determined that the functions of the management system are controlling, stabilizing and analytical, and the principles on which it is built - timeliness, unity, continuity, optimality and rationality. The implementation of the current assets management system implies the implementation of a number of sequential measures in the form of certain steps, which are considered in the paper. The proposed working capital management system will make it possible to predict the long-term management strategy of an entity and to improve its overall functioning. Keywords: current assets, management of current assets, management system, current assets of the company.
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Tabas, Jakub, Michaela Beranová, and Dana Martinovičová. "Influence of product innovations on financial performance of small and medium-sized enterprises in the Czech Republic." Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis 60, no. 7 (2012): 409–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.11118/actaun201260070409.
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Objective of this article is to determine possible effect of product innovations on the financial performance of small and medium-sized enterprises in the Czech Republic. The pilot research has been realized on the statistical sample of 100 companies which were categorized into three basic groups; service companies, trade companies, and production companies. As the measure of innovation effect, the authors applied the deviation of production power, i.e. the ration of EBIT to assets, of a business entity from the industry average while the industry average of production power was selected especially in order to reduce the influence of the economy cycles. In the three categories of companies, different effects of product innovations have been observed. In the service companies and trade companies, the positive effect is limited because of potential simplicity of imitation by competitors. More positive effect of product innovations has been observed in production companies which can protect the products or production processes better then service companies or trade companies where the product innovations are mostly connected with extension of extension of services portfolio offered. For the conclusion, the authors provide suppositions and designs for their future research in this problem of innovations’ effectiveness measurement.
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GOROG, J. PETER, JAMES G. HEMRICK, HARALD A. WALTER, W. RAY LEARY, and MURRAY ELLIS. "Design of refractory linings for balanced energy efficiency, uptime, and capacity in lime kilns." February 2015 14, no. 2 (March 1, 2015): 141–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.32964/tj14.2.141.
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In this work a computer model is used to examine how refractory linings with both high alumina and basic refractory bricks affect kiln operations. Recommendations are made based on the results to aid mill personnel in designing optimized refractory linings for specific situations. Kilns used to regenerate lime in the kraft process are highly energy intensive. Throughout the 1990s, in response to increasing fuel prices, the pulp and paper industry primarily used backup insulation in conjunction with high alumina brick to line calcining zones of their kilns. The dramatic decline in price of natural gas over the past decade, in combination with mounting pressures to increase production of existing assets, has led many mills to focus more on increasing uptime and capacity rather than on energy savings. To this end, a growing number of mills are using basic (magnesia based) brick instead of high alumina brick to line calcining zones. While the use of basic brick can increase the uptime and reduce the cost to maintain the refractory lining, it can dramatically increase the shell temperatures and heat losses. Tradeoffs, therefore, are created among energy efficiency, capacity, and uptime.
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Татар, Марина Сергіївна, and Анна Олександрівна Мозгова. "ОБЛІКОВО-АНАЛІТИЧНИЙ ІНСТРУМЕНТАРІЙ УПРАВЛІННЯ ОБОРОТНИМ КАПІТАЛОМ ПІДПРИЄМСТВ В УМОВАХ ГЛОБАЛЬНИХ ВИКЛИКІВ." TIME DESCRIPTION OF ECONOMIC REFORMS, no. 4 (December 29, 2021): 52–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.32620/cher.2021.4.08.
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Global challenges cause many social and economic transformations in the economic entities activities, especially related to current assets, including disruptions in the inventories supply, increasing receivables due to breach of payment discipline of counterparties due to reduced sales of their own products during quarantine measures, reduced consumer solvency, devaluation of fiat money, etc., which makes it impossible to repay the debt on time, and the growth of receivables leads to the inability to repay their own accounts payable. The aim of the research is improvement the methodology and organization of accounting, analysis and audit of enterprise current assets in the face of global challenges. The subject of the research is the process of current assets formation and usage of PJSC "FED". The methods of the research: observation, comparison, analysis, generalization and formalization, rationing, forecasting. The hypothesis of the research: improving the process of accounting, analysis and internal audit of current assets will increase the efficiency of their formation and usage. The statement of basic materials. For increasing the efficiency of the process of current assets formation and usage in the context of global challenges, a conceptual approach to their accounting and analysis has been developed. The forecasting of current assets value of PJSC "FED" for the next two years was carried out with the help of trend analysis, as a result of which it was determined that the value of current assets will increase. For optimization the inventories formation and usage, the ABC-analysis has been implemented, which makes possible to accurately calculate the required volumes of purchases by different product groups; to exclude from the nomenclature illiquid positions, which makes possible to release cash frozen in these goods, reduce warehousing costs, increase inventory turnover; ensure sales growth. To improve the system of accounting for receivables at PJSC "FED" it is proposed to open six sub-accounts to account 38 "Provision for doubtful debts", as well as to improve analytical accounting by introducing groups of debtors in terms of non-repayment of receivables. Differentiation of ways to increase the efficiency of current assets formation and usage depending on the stage of the operating cycle is proposed. Also it is proposed to conduct current assets internal audit, which will verify the security of current assets, compliance with the rules and requirements of their accounting, documentation, reliability of information. The originality and practical significance of the research: originality lies in the development of methodological principles of production enterprise current assets accounting and analysis, identifying the lack of sources of own working capital. The conclusions and proposals obtained as a research results can be used in the practice of the production enterprise of PJSC "FED" to improve the efficiency of current assets accounting, analysis and audit. Conclusions. The proposed measures will help to improve the efficiency of current assets formation and usage, in particular, to reduce accounts receivable and improve the inventories formation quality