Relevant bibliographies by topics / Baseball bats

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Baseball bats'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Baseball bats"

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Brody, Howard. "Models of baseball bats." American Journal of Physics 58, no. 8 (August 1990): 756–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1119/1.16378.

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Noble, Larry, and Hugh Walker. "Baseball Bat Inertial and Vibrational Characteristics and Discomfort Following Ball–Bat Impacts." Journal of Applied Biomechanics 10, no. 2 (May 1994): 132–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jab.10.2.132.

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This study examined the relationship between selected mechanical characteristics of aluminum baseball bats and sensations on the hands resulting from impacts. Sixteen skilled male Little League baseball players held each of two bats while they were impacted at the following locations by baseballs at speeds of approximately 27 m/s: near barrel end, center of percussion (COP), distal node of the fundamental mode, and 4 in. toward the hands from the COP. Results of a questionnaire regarding annoyance and discomfort were correlated with selected bat characteristics and vibrational characteristics associated with each impact condition. Results indicated that perceptions of annoyance and discomfort were related to the level of excitation of the fundamental mode and first overtone mode and that annoyance and discomfort were less with impacts on the COP and fundamental vibrational node.
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Petersen, DR, RE Link, LV Smith, and JT Axtell. "Mechanical Testing of Baseball Bats." Journal of Testing and Evaluation 31, no. 3 (2003): 11384. http://dx.doi.org/10.1520/jte12421j.

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Dujovny, Manuel, Ibe Onyekachi, and Eimir Perez-Arjona. "Baseball bats: a silent weapon." Neurological Research 31, no. 10 (December 2009): 1005–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/174313209x385716.

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Nathan, Alan M. "Characterizing the performance of baseball bats." American Journal of Physics 71, no. 2 (February 2003): 134–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1119/1.1522699.

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Benjamin, Bill. "Composite baseball bats with striking features." Reinforced Plastics 46, no. 9 (September 2002): 52–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0034-3617(02)80161-8.

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Greenwald, Richard M., Lori H. Penna, and Joseph J. Crisco. "Differences in Batted Ball Speed with Wood and Aluminum Baseball Bats: A Batting Cage Study." Journal of Applied Biomechanics 17, no. 3 (August 2001): 241–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jab.17.3.241.

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Differences in the performance of wood and metal baseball bats, measured as a function of batted ball speed, were quantified in a batting cage study. Two wood and five metal baseball bat models were studied with 19 players of various levels of experience ranging from high school to professional. Batted ball speeds from 538 hits were computed from high-speed 3-D ball position data collected with a commercially available system. In general, metal bats had significantly higher batted ball speeds than wood bats. Of the five metal bat models studied, one outperformed all other models and one bat was most similar to wood bats. The average difference in batted ball speed between wood bats and the highest performing metal bat was approximately 9 mph. Maximum batted ball speeds of 101 and 106 mph were measured for wood and metal bats, respectively. Increased skill level significantly increased the maximum batted ball speeds generated independent of bat model. Players of all experience levels were able to generate batted ball speeds in excess of 100 mph. While the results of this study are limited to the specific bats tested, this is the first study to measure and report differences in batted ball speeds among wood and metal bats.
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Tomita, Natsuki, Koji Murata, Masashi Nakamura, Hiroshi Akitsu, and Hisashi Ohsaki. "Use of Dakekanba Wood for Baseball-bats." Mokuzai Gakkaishi 66, no. 1 (January 25, 2020): 39–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.2488/jwrs.66.39.

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KAWAKAMI, Jungo, and Hiroyuki KATO. "Breakage of baseball wood bats during hitting." Proceedings of the Materials and Mechanics Conference 2017 (2017): PS08. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmemm.2017.ps08.

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KAWAKAMI, Jungo, and Hiroyuki KATO. "Impact deformation characteristics of wooden baseball bats." Proceedings of Conference of Hokkaido Branch 2018.56 (2018): 333. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmehokkaido.2018.56.333.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Baseball bats"

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Nicholls, Rochelle Louise. "Mathematical modelling of bat-ball impact in baseball." University of Western Australia. School of Human Movement and Exercise Science, 2003. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2004.0016.

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[Formulae and special characters can only be approximated here. Please see the pdf version of the abstract for an accurate reproduction.] Ball-impact injuries in baseball, while relatively rare, have the potential to be catastrophic. These injuries are primarily attributed to impact by the ball after it has been hit, pitched or thrown. As the closest infielder to the hitter, the pitcher is at greatest risk of being struck by the batted ball. This thesis investigated the influence of bat and ball design on ball exit velocity (BEV) and the potential for impact injury to pitchers. Finite element analysis (FEA) was used to quantify the dynamics of bat-ball impact for bats of various moment of inertia and baseballs with different mechanical properties. The analysis was conducted using ANSYS/LSDYNA explicit dynamics software. To replicate a typical bat-ball impact in the field, the model required input of bat linear and angular velocity and orientation in three-dimensional (3-D) space, at the instant prior to impact. This data was obtained from 3-D kinematic analysis using two high-speed video cameras operating at 200 Hz. Seventeen high-performance batters used a wood bat and a metal bat of equal length and mass to hit baseballs thrown by a pitcher. Hitters developed significantly higher resultant linear velocity for both the proximal (38.3 ± 1.8 ms-1;) and distal (8.1 ± 1.8 ms-1) ends of the metal bat (compared with 36.4 ± 1.7 ms-1 and 6.9 ± 2.1 ms-1 respectively for the wood bat). They also achieved a significantly more “square” bat position just prior to impact with the ball (264.3 ± 9.1 deg compared with 251.5 ± 10.4 deg). These factors are important in transferring momentum to the batted ball. Mathematical description of the large-deformation material behaviour of the baseball was also required for this analysis. Previous research is limited to compression tests to 10 % of ball diameter, despite conjecture that during impact with the bat, the ball might deform to 50 % of its original diameter. Uniaxial quasi-static compression tests on seven models of baseballs investigated baseball behaviour during deformation to 50 % of ball diameter. The resulting force-displacement relationship was highly non-linear. Hence FEA was used to derive and verify a relationship to describe the time-dependent and elastic behaviour of the ball during the 1 ms period typical of bat-ball impact. The results of the bat-ball impact analysis indicated that for hits made at the point of maximum momentum transfer on the bat, the metal bat produced greater BEV than the wood bat (61.5 ms-1 and 50.9 ms-1 respectively). The higher BEV from the metal bat was attributed to greater pre-impact bat linear velocity, and bat orientation during impact. The more perpendicular horizontal orientation of the metal bat at the instant of impact resulted in a greater proportion of resultant BEV being directed in the global x-direction (toward the pitcher), compared with the wood bat. This indicates increasing bat moment of inertia (the relative mass of the bat barrel) may be a potential control strategy for BEV. BEV was also reduced for impacts using a baseball with values for instantaneous shear and relaxed modulii approximately 33 % less (9.9 % reduction in BEV for metal bat, 9.7 % for the wood bat).
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Lee, Danny V. "Dynamic Characterization of Aluminum Softball Bats." PDXScholar, 2001. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/1727.

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On January 1, 2000, the Amateur Softball Association of America (ASA) imposed maximum bat performance limitations on commercial softball bats. The ASA adopted a testing standard defined by the American Society of Testing and Materials (ASTM) to determine the bat performance factor (BPF), a normalized coefficient of restitution that must be less than 1.2 for the bat to be eligible for ASA sanctioned events. The ASTM standard requires that the softball strike the bat, which is free to rotate in the horizontal plane, at 26.8 mfs ± 0.3 mfs (88 ftfs ± 1 ftfs) with little or no spin. The central project goal was to develop the ASTM test apparatus, which consisted of a precision ball launcher, a pivoting stage for the bat, and instrumentation for velocity measurements. The key feature of the testing apparatus developed in this project was the ability to measure the rebound velocity of the ball directly-ASTM method derives the ball rebound velocity by assuming the bat behaves as a rigid body and applying conservation of angular momentum. Tests revealed a discrepancy in the BPF between the ASTM method and an alternative method,. termed the direct method, which uses the direct measurement of the ball rebound velocity. Furthermore, the ASTM method proved to be very sensitive to parameter errors, demonstrated by magnification factors between 2.0 and 3.0. The direct method was insensitive to parameter variation with magnification factors between o and 1.0. The ball rebound velocity discrepancy was also analyzed with mechanism simulation software. A three-degree-of-freedom model of the bat was used to test the effects of elasticity and pivot friction. The analysis determined that applying conservation of angular momentum on an elastic body caused transient errors in the derivation of the ball rebound velocity; and pivot friction significantly affected the motion of the bat and thus, the derived ball rebound velocity. The experimental results show that the direct method was more accurate than the ASTM method in calculating the BPF; and the conclusion of the analytical model shows that the ASTM method can be corrected by precisely identifying external moments in the system.
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Cruz, Curtis Matthew. "Characterizing softball bat modifications and their resulting performance effects." Online access for everyone, 2005. http://www.dissertations.wsu.edu/Thesis/Spring2005/c%5Fcruz%5F050505.pdf.

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Biesen, Eric David. "Prediction of plastic deformation in aluminum softball bats using finite element analysis." Online access for everyone, 2006. http://www.dissertations.wsu.edu/Thesis/Summer2006/e%5Fbiesen%5F072606.pdf.

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Oliveira, Filho Claudio Luiz de. "Madeiras amazônicas para produção de tacos de beisebol." Universidade Federal do Amazonas, 2015. http://tede.ufam.edu.br/handle/tede/4561.

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The purpose of this study was to evaluate species of woods from Amazonia forest with technological potential for making baseball bats. For this, it was used as a parameter fundamental properties of wood inherent in the product. First was created a database with all the technology described species, including the very American species to baseball bats. Given the wide variety of species from Amazonia forest , the method used three steps in order to sift through the data. It began with the multivariate analysis, which determined 4 groups by similarity. These groups was selected those who had species from Amozonia forest along with other species used for baseball bats (Acer saccharum, Fraxinus americana, Betula alleghaniensis and American Patagonula).Later, the species from the selected groups were compared to the list of commercially exploited woods. Crossing intersection removed all species with different grain classification then straight grain type. Therefore, there were only three species - Endopleura uxi, Qualea paraensis and Roupala montana, the last two of which have been selected for making prototypes, since the first unfavorable characteristics presented in the drying process. The prototypes were evaluated by amateur players from adult and master Amazonas selection team. From all species from Amazonia forest, the Qualea paraensis was the one that had the best result, with its final mass of 838g to 12.9% moisture content, similar to the original baseball bats - which demonstrates its quality, since the mass factor It has great influence on product qualification.
A proposta do trabalho foi avaliar espécies de madeiras amazônicas com potencial tecnológico para a confecção de taco de beisebol. Usou-se como parâmetro propriedades fundamentais das madeiras inerentes ao produto. Primeiramente criouse um banco de dados com todas as espécies catalogadas tecnologicamente, inclusive com as espécies americanas próprias para tacos de beisebol. Tendo em vista a grande variedade de espécies amazônicas, o método utilizou três etapas a fim de peneirar os dados. Iniciou-se com a análise multivariada, a qual determinou 4 grupos por similaridade. Destes grupos selecionou-se aqueles que haviam espécies amazônicas junto com outras espécies utilizada para tacos de beisebol (Acer saccharum, Fraxinus americana, Betula alleghaniensis e Patagonula americana). Posteriormente, fez-se uma cruzamento das espécies pertencentes aos grupos selecionados com a lista de madeiras exploradas comercialmente. Da interseção do cruzamento eliminou-se todas as espécies com classificação de grã diferente do tipo direita. Por conseguinte, restaram apenas três espécies – Endopleura uxi, Qualea paraensis e Roupala montana, das quais as duas últimas foram selecionadas para a confecção de protótipos, já que a primeira apresentou características desfavoráveis no processo de secagem. Os protótipos foram avaliados por jogadores amadores da seleção do Amazonas adulto e master. Das espécies amazônicas, a Qualea paraensis foi a que obteve o melhor resultado, tendo sua massa final igual a 838g a 12,9% de teor de umidade, similar aos os tacos originais - o que demostra sua qualidade, uma vez que o fator massa tem grande influência na qualificação do produto.
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HAN, LIU TSUNG, and 劉宗翰. "Analysis of Baseball Bats Performance by Field and Non-Destructive Tests." Thesis, 2006. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/80934444817335763871.

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碩士
臺北巿立體育學院
運動器材研究所
94
The current standards of bat testing could be divided into ASTM and NCAA. Both of these methods are done in the labs, in stable, controlled environments. For example, NCAA uses air cannon to project baseball towards a stationary bat, and then capture the velocity before and after the impact to determine BESR (ball exit speed ratio). While these methods are proven effective, they neglect to take into account the actual environment when the bat is used in the field. The purpose of the research is to draw correlations between BESR and BPF (bat performance factor) of three types of material found by field tests, with values of natural frequency and MOEd (dynamic modules of elasticity) found in the lab. By analyzing the correlations between filed tests and NDT tests, a new index could be drawn, which could transform natural frequency and MOEd results into BESR and BPF results. The results of the research show that there are no significant differences in BESR and BPF between the three types of materials. However there is a strong, positive correlation between the transverse natural frequency and the BESR and BPF of the bat. In other words higher frequency of the bat would result in a high value in BESR and BPF. In conclusion, NDT method is proven to be effective both in laboratory and actual analysis. In the future it could evaluate and create a new index to analyze bat performances.
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Liu, Cheng-Bin, and 劉政儐. "Effects of Various Bats Weights on The High School Baseball Hitters." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/2g8mpu.

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碩士
國立彰化師範大學
運動學系
107
The purpose of this study was to analyze the differences of speed with various weights of the high school baseball hitters. The participants of this study were ten high school elite baseball hitters (height: 173.3 ± 6.6cm, weight: 65.6 ± 0.9 kg ). They used three kinds of TRUMP ASM-33 bats. The weights of these bats were 840, 860, and 880gw. The participants hit balls placed on the tee to the net. The date of Speed with various weights was collected by a radar gun. The average of speed of the three fastest balls were analyzed. The intraclass reliability coefficient (ICC) was used to measure the stability of the participants with different bats. Repeated Measures ANOVA was used to compare the speed with various weights. Pearson’s product-moment correlation coefficient was used to test the linear relationship between the ball speed and the participants’ heights or weights. The results showed that ICC = 0.89, which meant the participants’ hitting technique was very stable. The analysis of ball speed showed that there was no difference between speed with various weights. The results of Pearson's r showed that there was high correlation between the ball speed and the participants’ heights. It meant that the taller participants hit the ball faster. According to the results of this study, the same shape of the various weights of the bats had no influence on the speed and the height of the baseball hitters was the key factor.
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Books on the topic "Baseball bats"

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Balls, bats & more! Lenni, Pennsylvania: Mawby Project Group, 2013.

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Claire, Mackay, and LaFave Kim ill, eds. Bats about baseball. Toronto, Ont: Viking, 1995.

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1946-, Golenbock Peter, ed. Bats. New York: Putnam, 1986.

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Kusugak, Michael. Baseball bats for Christmas. Toronto, Canada: Annick Press, 1990.

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Scoggins, Chaz. Bricks and bats. Lowell, Mass: Lowell Historical Society, 2002.

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Bats, balls & altar calls. Boise, Idaho: Pacific Press Pub. Association, 1987.

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Michaels, Ski. The baseball bat. Mahwah, N.J: Troll Associates, 1986.

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Peeples, H. I. Baseball bat. Chicago: Contemporary Books, 1988.

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Bats at the ballgame. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Books for Children, 2010.

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Kleinhenz, Sydnie Meltzer. Bats in my attic. New York: Children's Press, 2005.

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Book chapters on the topic "Baseball bats"

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Cross, Rod. "Bats and Balls." In Physics of Baseball & Softball, 19–35. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-8113-4_2.

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Bahill, A. Terry. "Optimizing Baseball and Softball Bats." In Optimization and Dynamics with Their Applications, 181–223. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-4214-0_10.

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Draus, Paul, and Juliette Roddy. "Dodging rocks and baseball bats." In Territories, Environments, Politics, 206–25. London: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003196365-11.

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Formenti, David L., David Ottman, and Mark H. Richardson. "Using Impulse Response Functions to Evaluate Baseball Bats." In Structural Dynamics, Volume 3, 1461–66. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-9834-7_129.

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Russell, Daniel A. "Bending Modes, Damping, and the Sensation of Sting in Baseball Bats." In The Engineering of Sport 6, 11–16. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-46050-5_3.

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Sherwood, James A., and Patrick J. Drane. "An Experimental Investigation of the Effect of Use on the Performance of Composite Baseball Bats (P274)." In The Engineering of Sport 7, 673–79. Paris: Springer Paris, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-2-287-09413-2_80.

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Kelly, William W. "The Rhythms of Tigers Baseball." In Sportsworld of the Hanshin Tigers, 31–64. University of California Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/california/9780520299412.003.0002.

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Kōshien Stadium, the home of the Hanshin Tigers, is Japan’s most storied sports venue, and chapter 2 begins with game day at this epicenter. Playing in and defending Japan’s most storied stadium brings immense prestige and unrelenting pressure, but it is crucial to realize that the spatial coordinates of the sportsworld are far wider than Kōshien. Hanshin Tiger baseball is distributed across visiting stadiums, practice facilities, dormitories, newsrooms, sports bars, and the living rooms of homes throughout Kansai. The nightly game itself, nine innings over three hours or so, may be the fundamental time unit, but baseball at this level is a complex matrix of multiple overlapping temporalities—at-bats, innings, games, series, seasons, and careers are among the units and sequences of action. These times and spaces of baseball action create the most developed matrix of numbers and narratives of all sports, a matrix that underlies the soap-opera structure of Hanshin baseball.
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"Mechanical behaviour of baseball and softball bats." In Routledge Handbook of Sports Technology and Engineering, 353–66. Routledge, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203851036-34.

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Nagamatsu, A., A. Kondo, S. Hasuike, Y. Goto, Y. Teranishi, J. Hayasaka, H. Nagao, T. Watanabe, M. Iwahara, and K. Arai. "A Research about Performance of Metal Baseball Bats." In The Impact of Technology on Sport II. Taylor & Francis, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781439828427.ch51.

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Blair, K., G. Vasquez, and G. Williams. "The Effect of Wood Properties on the Performance of Baseball Bats." In The Impact of Technology on Sport II. Taylor & Francis, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781439828427.ch49.

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Conference papers on the topic "Baseball bats"

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Yang, Nicholas H., Kathleen Allen Rodowicz, and David Dainty. "Baseball Head Impacts to the Non-Helmeted and Helmeted Hydrid III ATD." In ASME 2014 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2014-38648.

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Traumatic brain injury may occur in baseball due to a head impact with a thrown, pitched, or batted ball. It has been shown that the average pitching speed of youth pitchers and high school pitchers is approximately 63 mph (28 m/s) and 74 mph (33 m/s), respectively. At pitching speeds of approximately 52 mph (23 m/s), the bat exit velocity (BEV) for metal bats has been shown to be approximately 100 mph (45 m/s). Head kinematics, such as linear and angular head accelerations, are often used to establish head injury risk for head impacts. With a possible ball impact velocity reaching speeds in excess of those typically tested for baseball headgear, it is necessary to understand how the head will respond to high velocity impacts in both helmeted and non-helmeted situations. In this study, head impacts were delivered to the front and side of a Hybrid III 50th percentile male anthropomorphic test device (ATD) by a baseball traveling at speeds of 60 mph (27 m/s), 75 mph (34 m/s), and 100 mph (45 m/s). Head impacts were performed on the non-helmeted ATD head and with the ATD wearing a standard batting helmet certified in accordance with the NOCSAE standard. The Hybrid III headform was instrumented with a nine accelerometer array to measure linear accelerations of the head and determine angular accelerations. Peak resultant linear head accelerations for the non-helmeted ATD were approximately 200–400 g for frontal impacts and approximately 220–480 g for lateral impacts. Peak resultant angular head accelerations for the non-helmeted condition were approximately 17,000–32,000 rad/s2 for frontal impacts and approximately 30,000–60,000 rad/s2 for lateral impacts. For the helmeted ATD, peak resultant linear accelerations of the head were approximately 70–300 g for frontal impacts and approximately 80–360 g for lateral impacts. Peak resultant angular head accelerations for the helmeted ATD were approximately 5,000–14,000 rad/s2 for frontal impacts and approximately 7,500–30,000 rad/s2 for lateral impacts. HIC values for the non-helmeted ATD were approximately 193–1,025 for frontal impacts and approximately 241–1,588 for lateral impacts. SI values for the non-helmeted ATD were approximately 235–1,267 for frontal impacts and approximately 285–1,844 for lateral impacts. HIC values for the helmeted ATD were approximately 16–415 for frontal impacts and approximately 23–585 for lateral impacts. SI values for the helmeted ATD were approximately 25–521 for frontal impacts and approximately 32–708 for lateral impacts. In comparison to the non-helmeted condition, the results demonstrate the effectiveness of a batting helmet in mitigating head accelerations for the frontal and lateral impact conditions tested.
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Tate, Jitendra S., and Ajit D. Kelkar. "Flexural Behavior of Biaxial Braided Composites." In ASME 2005 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2005-81324.

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Braided composites have more balanced properties than traditional tape laminates, and have potentially better fatigue and impact resistance due to the interlacing. The natural conformability of biaxial braided tubes makes it the ideal preform for three-dimensional complex components. Braid tube fits on complex components with ease just like pulling socks on feet. Thus cutting, stitching, or manipulation of fiber placement is not needed, as in the use of woven fabrics. Biaxial braided composites find applications in aerospace, automotive, construction, medical, and recreational industry. Some of the products are automobile cross beams, lamp and utility poles, prosthetic limbs, hockey sticks, baseball bats, and bicycle components. Vacuum assisted resin transfer molding (VARTM) is a low-cost manufacturing process with the capability of manufacturing complex parts with higher fiber volume fractions than those from hand lay-up. To utilize the braided composites to the fullest advantage (and hence to avoid underutilization), it is necessary to understand their behavior under flexural, impact, and fatigue loading. Flexural loading is dominant in the above-mentioned applications of braided composites. This research addresses the effect of braid angle on flexural behavior and failure mechanisms of biaxial braided composites manufactured using VARTM.
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Barpanda, Dev, and P. Raju Mantena. "Dynamic Performance Characterization of Hockey Sticks Using a Combined Vibrational Energy Level and Modal Analysis Approach." In ASME 1998 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece1998-0516.

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Abstract Composite materials offer significant improvements in fatigue behavior, impact performance and damping coupled with high stiffness and strength. Due to these properties and an increasing demand for high performance cutting-edge sports equipment, more scientific and engineering research is now being focused in the field of recreation. The use of stiff, lightweight composite materials has created many novel features in golf clubs, baseball bats and skis; features generally not possible with conventional materials. The performance, user comfort, and fatigue life of these products are strongly related to their dynamic characteristics. Design decisions relevant to these issues should, therefore, be made based on an understanding of the dynamic characteristics through modal parametric studies. This paper discusses the vibration response characteristics of some commercially available hockey sticks with wooden, aluminum and graphite shafts, when subjected to short duration impact loads. Using an instrumented impact hammer, a complete modal survey is initially conducted on these hockey sticks to study their dynamic behavior. A comparative study of the modal parameters (natural frequency, damping, and mode shapes) of the different hockey sticks provides valuable information for design optimization and to validate the accuracy of a finite element model. In addition, a refined two-accelerometer technique has been utilized to perform vibrational energy level tests (on the blade portion of the hockey sticks) to obtain the flexural and torsional vibration level distribution and to map out the sweet spot locations. Results indicate that this combined strategy of using both approaches provides a better understanding of the vibration performance characteristics of hockey sticks. Work is currently in progress to extend this technique for characterizing golf clubs.
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Jaramillo, Paola, Kevin S. Manarky, Ronald S. Adrezin, Robert D. Celmer, John T. Reinard, and Devdas Shetty. "“Sweet Spot” or “Sweet Zone”? Modal Analysis of a Wooden Baseball Bat for Design Optimization." In ASME 2003 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2003-41924.

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This paper describes modal testing of a wooden baseball bat with the purpose of finding the peak frequencies and vibration modes and their relation to the so-called “sweet spot”. Initial vibration testing was done by performing a tap test along a Louisville Slugger wooden baseball bat. The bat was suspended by elastic rubber bands to approximate free-free boundary conditions. The peak frequencies and bending mode shapes of the baseball bat were obtained. To verify the results, a modal analysis of the baseball bat was performed to simulate the structure’s dynamic behavior. The animated model validated the accuracy of the parameters obtained in the tap test. The bending mode shapes were also compared to the bending elastic mode shapes of a uniform, homogeneous beam undergoing no shear distortion. The exact solution of the beam equation of motion was solved. The mode shapes were plotted to compare them with the ones obtained from the baseball bat. This comparison indicated that the bat and the beam structures presented the same type of bending mode.
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Gregory, Elisha, Samantha Sheets, and Brent Witten. "Comparison Elbow Joint Angles for Male and Female Bat Swings." In ASME 2008 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2008-192555.

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Hitting has become one of the most studied aspects of the game of baseball. Many studies to date only focus on a specific group of players, like collegiate or major league players, but there have not been any studies comparing the male swing to the female swing. Additionally, most studies look at many different aspects of a swing at distinct times in the swing.
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Bi, Yong, and Xiangping Xiao. "Model of Sweet Spot on a Baseball Bat." In 2010 2nd International Conference on Information Engineering and Computer Science (ICIECS). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iciecs.2010.5677665.

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Sakoda, Watura, Antonio Vega Ramirez, Kazunori Ogawa, Toshio Tsuji, and Yuichi Kurita. "Reinforced Suit Using Low Pressure Driven Artificial Muscles For Baseball Bat Swing." In AH2018: The 9th Augmented Human International Conference. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3174910.3174932.

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Thayer, A. "Pro Yakyu and technical communication: performing cultural analysis with a baseball bat." In IEEE International Professional Communication Conference, 2003. IPCC 2003. Proceedings. IEEE, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ipcc.2003.1245516.

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Zou, Liyuan, Takatoshi Higuchi, Haruo Noma, Lopez-Gulliver Roberto, and Tadao Isaka. "Evaluation of a Virtual Reality-based Baseball Batting Training System Using Instantaneous Bat Swing Information." In 2019 IEEE Conference on Virtual Reality and 3D User Interfaces (VR). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/vr.2019.8798041.

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Georgiev, Krasin, Alessio Balleri, Andy Stove, and Marc Holderied. "Baseband version of the bat-inspired spectrogram correlation and transformation receiver." In 2016 IEEE Radar Conference (RadarConf16). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/radar.2016.7485152.

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Reports on the topic "Baseball bats"

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Campshure, Blake, Paul Lancisi, Patrick Drane, and James Sherwood. Hardness of Wood Baseball Bats. Purdue University, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5703/1288284317477.

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