Relevant bibliographies by topics / Basal deposits

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Academic literature on the topic 'Basal deposits'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 20 February 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Basal deposits"

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DOS SANTOS, MANOEL LUIZ, and JOSÉ CANDIDO STEVAUX. "Fáceis e associações dos depósitos rudáceos na rudáceos na Bacia do Rio Paraná em seu curso superior: uma tentativa de classificação." Pesquisas em Geociências 28, no. 2 (December 31, 2001): 171. http://dx.doi.org/10.22456/1807-9806.20284.

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This paper proposes a classification of gravel deposits in the upper Paraná River Basin based on their genesis, sedimentary facies and depositional processes. They were classified in four types: a) Upper slope oligomictic gravel (Fine and coarse-sand associations) – this deposit is associated with the origin of hydrographic basin during the Tertiary; b) Middle slope oligomictic gravel – It constitutes colluvial deposits related to present topography; c) Lower slope oligomictic gravel – this deposit is associated with present river valley; d) Polymictic gravel – deposited during the Pleistocene, it constitutes the basal sequence of the Paraná River fluvial deposits.
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Feng, Jin-Liang, Jian-Ting Ju, Feng Chen, Zhao-Guo Hu, Xiang Zhao, and Shao-Peng Gao. "Identification of a late Quaternary alluvial–aeolian sedimentary sequence in the Sichuan Basin, China." Quaternary Research 85, no. 2 (March 2016): 279–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.yqres.2016.01.006.

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The late Quaternary sedimentary sequence in the northwestern part of the Sichuan Basin consists of five lithological units and with increasing depth include the: Chengdu Clay; Brown Clay; Red Clay; Sandy Silt; and basal Muddy Gravel. The genesis, provenance and age of the sediments, as well as the possible presence of hiatuses within this sequence are debated. Measurements of grain-size, magnetic susceptibility, quartz content, quartz δ18O values, element composition, and Sr–Nd isotopic concentrations of samples from a typical sedimentary sequence in the area provides new insights into the genesis and history of the sequence. The new data confirm that the sediments in study site are alluvial–aeolian in origin, with basal alluvial deposits overlain by aeolian deposits. Like the uppermost Chengdu Clay, the underlying Brown Clay and Red Clay are aeolian in origin. In contrast, the Silty Sand, like the basal Muddy Gravel, is an alluvial deposit and not an aeolian deposit as previously thought. Moreover, the succession of the aeolian deposits very likely contains two significant sedimentary hiatuses. Sedimentological analysis demonstrates that the source materials for the aeolian deposits in the northwestern part of the Sichuan Basin and those on the eastern Tibetan Plateau are different. Furthermore, the loess deposits on the eastern Tibetan Plateau are derived from heterogeneous local sources.
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Katamura, Fumitaka, Masami Fukuda, Nikolai Petrovich Bosikov, and Roman Vasilievich Desyatkin. "Charcoal records from thermokarst deposits in central Yakutia, eastern Siberia: Implications for forest fire history and thermokarst development." Quaternary Research 71, no. 1 (January 2009): 36–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.yqres.2008.08.003.

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AbstractMacroscopic charcoal records from a thermokarst lake deposit in central Yakutia, eastern Siberia, were used to reconstruct the history of forest fires and investigate its relationship to thermokarst initiation. High accumulation rates of charcoal and pollen were coincident in the basal deposits of the thermokarst lake, which suggests that both were initially deposited on the forest floor and subsequently reworked and accumulated in the thermokarst depression. High charcoal and pollen accumulation rates in the basal deposits, dating to 11,000–9000 cal yr BP, also indicate that the thermokarst topography developed during the early Holocene. A lower charcoal accumulation rate after ca. 9000 cal yr BP suggests that thermokarst development has been inhibited since this time. It also indicates that a surface-fire regime has been predominant at least since ca. 9000 cal yr BP in central Yakutia.
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Wellman, Charles H. "Palynology of the ‘Lower Old Red Sandstone’ at Glen Coe, Scotland." Geological Magazine 131, no. 4 (July 1994): 563–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0016756800012176.

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Abstract‘Lower Old Red Sandstone’ deposits preserved by cauldron subsidence at Glen Coe, Scotland have hitherto lacked secure biostratigraphical age constraint. A sporomorph assemblage recovered from basal sediments of these deposits permits age determination, despite being highly carbonized. The sporomorph assemblage is correlated with the micrornatus-newportensis Sporomorph Assemblage Biozone, indicating a late early-early late Lochkovian age (early Devonian). Sporomorph assemblages from basal sediments of the ‘Lower Old Red Sandstone’ sequence at nearby Lorne, a suggested correlative of the Glen Coe deposits, are older (latest Pridoli-earliest Lochkovian age). However, the new biostratigraphical data do not preclude the possibility that the Glen Coe and Lorne deposits are lithological correlatives and the basal sediments are diachronous.
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Yang, Ya. "Study on Sedimentary Facies of the Lower Eocene Basal Deposits in the Southeastern Part of the Jiyang Depression, Bohai Bay Basin, China." Mobile Information Systems 2022 (September 5, 2022): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/2959031.

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Based on the analysis of cores, logging, and seismic data, this paper identifies the sedimentary facies of the basal deposits from the lower Eocene in the southeastern part of the Jiyang Depression and studies its depositional law. On this basis, a sedimentary model of the basal deposits is established. The basal sediments of the lower Eocene in the Jiyang Depression are mainly red, brown, gray, and variegated clastic rocks, which are mainly divided into Kongdian and lower Shahejie-4 Formation. It is considered that the climate during the depositional period was relatively arid, and the depositional process was greatly affected by floods. Three types of sedimentary facies were identified in the study area: proluvial fan, fan delta, and beach-bar deposition. Proluvial fans are mainly developed at the exit of the paleo gullies in the south area, and fan deltas are mainly distributed in the large gentle slope belt in the northwest, while beach bars are isolated and scattered along the lake shoreline in shallow lakes. The fan-delta and beach-bar clastic rocks are well sorted, with high compositional and textural maturity and can be used as good oil and gas reservoirs. The basal deposits in the southeast of Jiyang Depression are mainly flood-controlled sedimentary models. During the flood period, a large amount of detrital material brought by the flood was deposited in the gentle slope zone, forming the deposition of proluvial fan and fan delta, and the sand bodies at the front of the fan delta formed beach-bar deposits on its front under the transformation of waves and coastal currents. However, during the inter-flood period, only small-scale proluvial fan deposits are formed, fan delta and beach-bar sand bodies are rare.
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Sobiesiak, Matheus S., Ben Kneller, G. Ian Alsop, and Juan Pablo Milana. "Styles of basal interaction beneath mass transport deposits." Marine and Petroleum Geology 98 (December 2018): 629–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2018.08.028.

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VILAS BÔAS, GERALDO S., FLÁVIO J. SAMPAIO, and ANTONIO M. S. PEREIRA. "The Barreiras Group in the Northeastern coast of the State of Bahia, Brazil: depositional mechanisms and processes." Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências 73, no. 3 (September 2001): 417–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0001-37652001000300010.

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The Barreiras Group is a Miocene to Lower Pleistocene continental terrigenous sedimentary deposit exhibiting a large occurrence along the Brazilian coast. In the Conde region, located in the northeastern part of the State of Bahia, the sedimentological characteristics of these sediments are indicative of a deposition as gravelly and sandy bed load in braided fluvial systems, related to alluvial fans, under an arid to semi-arid climate. The basal portion of the group is dominated by a gravelly-sandy lithofacies deposited by debris flows and pseudoplastic debris flows, with lesser occurrences of subaqueous deposits, characterizing a proximal fluvial system deposition. The upper portion is made up of gravelly-sandy sediments that include subaqueous, debris flows and pseudoplastic debris flows deposits. They suggest deposition in a more distal zone as indicated by the larger occurrence of subaqueous deposits and the presence, though rare, of downstream-accretion macroforms. Besides the climate control, deposition of the Barreiras Group was strongly influenced by the intraplate tectonism, which has been affecting the South America Platform since the Middle Miocene, when neotectonism began in Brazil.
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Song, Delu, Imran Mohammed, Rupak Bhuyan, Takashi Miwa, Allison Lesher Williams, Damodar Gullipalli, Sayaka Sato, Ying Song, Joshua L. Dunaief, and Wen-Chao Song. "Retinal Basal Laminar Deposits in Complement fH/fP Mouse Model of Dense Deposit Disease." Investigative Opthalmology & Visual Science 59, no. 8 (July 10, 2018): 3405. http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/iovs.18-24133.

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Satti, Mohamed B., and John G. Azzopardi. "Amyloid deposits in basal cell carcinoma of the skin." Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology 22, no. 6 (June 1990): 1082–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0190-9622(90)70156-c.

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Passchier, Sandra, Anja L. L. M. Verbers, Frederik M. Van Der Wateren, and Frans J. M. Vermeulen. "Provenance, geochemistry and grain-sizes of glacigene sediments, including the Sirius Group, and Late Genozoic Glaciol history of the southern Prince Albert Mountains, Victoria Land, Antarctica." Annals of Glaciology 27 (1998): 290–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.3189/1998aog27-1-290-296.

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The southern Prince Albert Mountains, between David and Mawson Glaciers (75°30' to 76°S) in Victoria Land, Antarctica, comprise a series of nunataks with elevations ranging from 800m near the coast to 2300 m ~130 km inland. Geochemical and grain-size analyses of tills from these nunataks reveal three major groups of deposits: (1) coarse to medium sandy tills, found on Glaciolly streamlined summit plateaus of Kirk-pat rick Basalt above 2000 ma.s.l.., with geochemical compositions very similar to those of the underlying jurassic Kirkpatrick Basalt; (2) bimodal silty and sanely tills of the Sirius Group with Ferrar/Beacon-dominated geochemical compositions, at elevations of 1300-1600 m a.s.l. on striated summit plateaus and high-elevation terraces; (3) fine-grained tills with high SiO2 contents from ice-cored moraines at the lee sides of large nunataks. The geochemical composition of sandy tills from the highest summit plateaus suggests that valleys had not yet cut through the Kirkpatrick Basalt and into Beacon and Ferrar rocks at the time of deposition. These tills represent a phase of temperate glaciation prior to deposition of diatom-bearing Sirius Group tills. The latter were deposited after a first phase of landscape dissection as inferred from geochemical data. The fine-grained ice-cored moraines are late-Pleistocene basal tills. The presence of pre-Pliocene Glacial deposits on high mountain summits in the Prince Albert Mountains has implications for the interpretation of high-elevation Sirius Group sediments in other areas of the Transantarctic Mountains. It is possible that the “Sirius debate” has its origin in interpretations of both thin, barren pre-Pliocene deposits on high mountain summits and thick sequences of diatom-bearing deposits in valleys elsewhere in the Transantarctic Mountains. Both types of deposits are associated with the Sirius Group, but they belong to separate Glacial episodes.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Basal deposits"

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Cherepanoff, Svetlana. "Age-related macular degeneration: histopathological and serum autoantibody studies." University of Sydney, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/2464.

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Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
BACKGROUND: The accumulation of abnormal extracellular deposits beneath the retinal pigment epithelium characterises the pathology of early age-related macular degeneration. However, the histopathological threshold at which age-related changes become early AMD is not defined, and the effect of each of the deposits (basal laminar deposit and membranous debris) on disease progression is poorly understood. Evidence suggests that macrophages play a key role in the development of AMD lesions, but the influence of basal laminar deposit (BLamD) and membranous debris on the recruitment and programming of local macrophages has not been explored. Although evidence also suggests that inflammation and innate immunity are involved in AMD, the significance of anti-retinal autoantibodies to disesase pathogenesis is not known. AIMS: (i) To determine the histopathological threshold that distinguishes normal ageing from early AMD; (ii) to determine the influence of BLamD and membranous debris on disease progression; (iii) to examine whether distinct early AMD phenotypes exist based on clinicopathological evidence; (iv) to determine the histopathological context in which Bruch’s membrane macrophages first found; (v) to examine the relationship between Bruch’s membrane macrophages and subclinical neovascularisation; (vi) to determine if the progressive accumulation of BLamD and membranous debris alters the immunophenotype of Bruch’s membrane macrophages and/or resident choroidal macrophages; (vii) to determine if the anti-retinal autoantibody profile differs significantly between normal individuals and those with early AMD, neovascular AMD or geographic atrophy; (viii) to examine whether baseline anti-retinal autoantibodies can predict progression to advanced AMD in individuals with early AMD; and (ix) to examine whether baseline anti-retinal autoantibodies can predict vision loss in individuals with neovascular AMD. METHODS:Clinicopathological studies were performed to correlate progressive accumulation of BLamD and membranous debris to fundus characteristics and visual acuity, as well as to sub-macular Bruch’s membrane macrophage count. Immunohistochemical studies were perfomed to determine whether the presence of BLamD and membranous debris altered the programming of Bruch’s membrane or resident choroidal macrophages. The presence of serum anti-retinal autoantibodies was determined by western blotting, and the association with disease progression examined in early and neovascular AMD. RESULTS: The presence of both basal linear deposit (BLinD) and a continuous layer of BLamD represents threshold early AMD histopathologically, which was seen clinically as a normal fundus in the majority of cases. Membranous debris accumulation appeared to influence the pathway of progression from early AMD to advanced AMD. Bruch’s membrane macrophages were first noted when a continuous layer of BLamD and clinical evidence of early AMD were present, and increased with the amount of membranous debris in eyes with thin BLamD. Eyes with subclinical CNV had high macrophage counts and there was some evidence of altered resident choroidal macrophage programming in the presence of BLamD and membranous debris. Serum anti-retinal autoantibodies were found in a higher proportion of early AMD participants compared with both controls and participants with neovascular AMD, and in a higher proportion of individuals with atrophic AMD compared to those with neovascular AMD. The presence of baseline anti-retinal autoantibodies in participants with early AMD was not associated with progression to advanced AMD. Participants with neovascular AMD lost more vision over 24 months if they had IgG autoantibodies at baseline compared to autoantibody negative participants. CONCLUSIONS: The finding that eyes with threshold early AMD appear clinically normal underscores the need to utilise more sophisticated tests to enable earlier disease detection. Clinicopathological evidence suggests two distinct early AMD phenotypes, which follow two pathways of AMD progression. Macrophage recruitment and programming may be altered by the presence of BLamD and membranous debris, highlighting the need to further characterise the biology of human resident choroidal macropahges. Anti-retinal autoantibodies can be found in both control and AMD sera, and future approaches that allow the examination of subtle changes in complex repertoires will determine whether they are involved in AMD disease pathogenesis.
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Millett, John Michael. "Geochemical stratigraphy and correlation within the Faroe Islands Basalt Group with developments in the analysis of large igneous province deposits from well data." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2014. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=215221.

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Hussain, Mohammed Ershad. "Capital Regulation, Risk-Taking, Bank Lending and Depositor Discipline." ScholarWorks@UNO, 2007. http://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/568.

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In this dissertation we investigate different aspects of capital regulations and their impact on the behavior of commercial banks. In chapter two, we foucs on the impact of capital regulations on risk-taking of commercial banks in developed and developoing countries separately and togahter. We find that such regulations indeed reduce the risk taking of commercial banks. At the same time, we examine the relationship between capital ratios and risk taking. In line with previous literature, we find that this ratio is negative also. Further examinations including the degree of liberalization and the level of finanicl development did not yield conclusive results. In chapter three, we examine the relationship between the capital regulations and total lending and total depositis. We do not find conclusive evidence in support of the ‘credit crunch' or the ‘ risk retrenchment' hypothesis. However, several important variables do show a tendency to change with capital ratios. As a result, changes in capital ratios in response to regulations do have important impact on bank lending and decision making. In chapter four, we study five South East Asian countries within the context of the crisis of 1996. First we test for the existence of depositor discipline in these countries and find that the sate of such discipline is very weak even after such a huge crisis. We also test the degree of risk taking in the banking industry in these countries. Evidence shows that perfect competition prevails in the bankins secotr. We also try to establist the link between "the index of depositor discipline" and "index of competition". But we don't find evidence in support of this.
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McKinley, Bradley Scott Mason. "Geological characteristics and genesis of the Kemess North porphyry Au-Cu-Mo deposit , Toodoggone district, north-central British Columbia, Canada." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/2293.

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The Kemess North porphyry Au-Cu-Mo deposit (300 Mt resource @ 0.30 g/t Au and 0.16% Cu)i s situated in the Toodoggone district, along the eastern margin of the Stikinia terrane in British Columbia. Mineralization is genetically related to the ca. 202 Ma, moderately SE-plunging, Kemess North diorite and is also hosted by proximal Takla Group basalt country rock. The nearby 202.7 ± 1.9 Ma Sovereign diorite has a comparable emplacement age, mineralogy, and chemistry to the Kemess North diorite, but is unmineralized. Toodoggone Formation volcaniclastic rocks (199.1 ± 0.3 Ma) crop out as prominent N-trending ridges or as isolated, fault-bounded blocks within Takla Group basalt. The unmineralized, (197.3 + 1.1/0.9 Ma) Duncan pluton intrudes Takla Group basalt. Seven vein types are separated into four stages of formation with respect to Au-Cu-Mo mineralization. Early-stage veins include magnetite stringer veins and later quartz-magnetite-pyrite + chalcopyrite + molybdenite veins. These veins are restricted mainly to the diorite, are associated with locally preserved potassic (biotite) alteration, and resulted in most of the Au-Cu-Mo mineralization at Kemess North. Main-stage quartz-pyrite + chalcopyrite ± molybdenite veins are the most abundant vein type and are present in the diorite and proximal Takla Group basalt. The veins are associated with phyllic (sericite-quartz) alteration and have a Re-Os molybdenite age of 201.8 ± 1.2 Ma. Late-stage pyrite-chalcopyrite and anhydrite ± pyrite ± chalcopyrite veins and associate phyllic (sericite-chlorite-pyrite) alteration occur in diorite and Takla Group country rocks. Lastly, post-mineralizationan hydrite and carbonate-zeolite veins cut all rocks. Fluid inclusion studies indicate that early-and main-stage ore fluids deposited Au-Cu-Mo at similar temperatures (about 400°C to 375°C) and pressures (0.9 to 3.0 kbar), corresponding to crustal depths of 3 to 10 km. Sulfur and Pb isotope compositions suggest that metals from the early-stage fluid were derived from the Kemess North diorite; metals in the main-stage fluid were derived from the diorite and probably Takla Group country rock and meteoric fluids. An E-striking, steeply S-dipping fault truncates the northern extremity of the ore body. Late NW- to NE-striking normal faults vertically displace the deposit resulting in graben-and-horst block shuffling of the stratigraphy.
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Matamba, Itani. "Estimating the cost of deposit insurance for a commercial bank following an optimal investment strategy." University of Western Cape, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/7845.

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>Magister Scientiae - MSc
Commercial banks play a dominant role in facilitating the economic growth of a country by acting as an intermediary between the de cit spending unit (borrowers) and the surplus spending unit (lenders). In particular, they transform short-term deposits into medium and long-term loans. Due to their important role in the economy and the nancial system as a whole, commercial banks are subject to high regulation standards in most countries. According to an international set of capital standards known as the Basel Accords, banks are required to hold a minimum level of capital as a bu er to protect their depositors and the nancial market in an event of severe unexpected losses caused by nancial risk. Moreover, government regulators aim to maintain public con dence and trust in the banking system through the use of a deposit insurance scheme (DIS). Deposit insurance (DI) has the e ect of eliminating mass withdrawals of deposits in an event of a bank failure. However, DI comes at a cost. The insuring agent is tasked with estimating a fairly priced premium that the bank should be charged for DI.
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Hasten, Zachary Eugene Levi. "Mid-Miocene magmatism in the Owyhee Mountains, ID: origin and petrogenesis of volcanic rocks in the Silver City district." Thesis, Kansas State University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/14940.

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Master of Science
Department of Geology
Matthew E. Brueseke
Previous studies of the northern Great Basin have indicated that mid-Miocene epithermal gold and silver ore deposits distributed regionally are temporally related to the magmatic activity associated with the onset of widespread extension and the Yellowstone hotspot (Saunders and Crowe, 1996; Kamenov et al., 2007). This study is focused on the volcanic rocks and ore deposits from the Silver City district (SCD), ID to address the petrogenesis and magmatic evolution that was influential in forming local precious metal deposits. The goal is to understand the tectonomagmatic conditions that contributed to the petrogenesis of the volcanic suite in the Silver City district, which can be used to provide details on the relationship between coeval mid- Miocene magmatism and mineralization across the northern Great Basin and Oregon Plateau. In order to better constrain the magmatic evolution of the SCD and potential sources of the precious metals, we have undertaken detailed sampling of local crust and mid-Miocene volcanic units to constrain their physical, geochemical, isotopic, and geochronological characteristics, as well as provide constraints on the petrogenesis of the mid-Miocene volcanic package. Prior studies of the local volcanism have yielded K-Ar and [superscript]40Ar/[superscript]39Ar ages of ~16.6 to 14 Ma (Bonnichsen, 1983), while others have dated adularia from one SCD mineral vein and obtained [superscript]40Ar/[superscript]39Ar ages of between 15.6 and 16.3 Ma (Hames et al., 2009; and Aseto et al., 2011). Field observations are consistent with earlier work (Lindgren, 1900; Asher, 1968; Pansze, 1975; Halsor et al., 1988; Bonnichsen and Godchaux, 2006; Camp and Ross, 2009) and reveal a sequence of basalt consisting of regionally prevalent Steens Basalt that pre-dated precious metal mineralization. Some of the basalt appears to have been erupted locally, based on the presence of mafic dikes and thick pyroclastic deposits similar to other regional mid-Miocene magmatic systems. Stratigraphically overlying this lower basalt suite is a complex package of rhyolite flows and domes, thin silicic pyroclastic units, additional basaltic lava flows, intermediate lava flows, and mafic/silicic shallow intrusives. Geochemical analysis indicates that the basaltic and basaltic andesite lava flows are locally erupted flows of Steens Basalt while the intermediate and silicic volcanism in SCD can be classified into nine distinct units including two andesites, one dacite, four rhyolites and two rhyolite tuffaceous units. Geochemical modeling suggest that the intermediate and silicic magmas were formed by a combination of open system processes, including low pressure partial melting and assimilation of mid to upper crustal granitoid basement rock, and magma mixing between silicic and basaltic endmembers. The formation of silicic volcanism in the SCD is similar to other regional mid-Miocene silicic volcanic systems (e.g. Santa Rosa-Calico volcanic field and Jarbidge Rhyolite). Based on new [superscript]40Ar/[superscript]39Ar geochronology of both volcanic units and epithermally emplaced mineralization, SCD volcanism appears to have erupted over a relatively short amount of time that overlaps with local epithermal Au-Ag mineralization.
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Romanova, Irina. "Volcanology and geochemistry of the Cretaceous volcaniclastic deposits and basalts from Ori Massif, Shatsky Rise Oceanic Plateau." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2017. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/108162/1/Irina_Romanova_Thesis.pdf.

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This study enhanced our understanding of the origin and evolution of Ori Massif, Shatsky Rise Oceanic Plateau. Key findings are: 1. Volcaniclastic deposits were formed by Surtseyan style phreatomagmatic activity, suggesting that the summit of Ori Massif was shallow-marine to near sea-level; 2. Basaltic fragments from the volcaniclastic deposits provide further evidence for geochemical variation of magmas from Ori Massif and indicate a significant involvement of depleted mantle in its source; 3. Element mobility during seawater alteration of basalts from Ori and Tamu Massifs depends on stratigraphy, cooling rates and magma chemistry.
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Corradini, Urs. "Pastorale Dienste im Bistum Basel : Entwicklung und theologische Konzeption nach dem Zweiten Vatikanischen Konzil /." Fribourg : Academic Press, 2008. http://deposit.d-nb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?id=3164781&prov=M&dok_var=1&dok_ext=htm.

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Chadwick, Warren. "A study of the New Basel Capital Accord and its impact on South Africa and other emerging markets." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/52710.

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Thesis (MBA)--Stellenbosch University, 2002.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The new Basel Capital Accord is intended to align capital adequacy of banks more closely with the key components of banking risk and to provide incentives for banks to improve their risk measurement and management capabilities. This has important implications for banks, particularly in the area of credit risk management. The purpose of this study is to take an in-depth look at the implications for banks in the area of credit risk management and the choice of approach (i.e. standardised versus internal ratings based approach) to be adopted. These changes in approach to credit risk will have broader economic implications and the study will in its final analysis explore these in the context of South Africa, as an emerging market. The study is split into three sections: Section A • Introduction and background to the New Basel Capital Accord; • Detailed overview on the New Basel Capital Accord with a particular emphasis on the internal ratings based approach to calculating minimum capital. Section B An in-depth discussion of credit risk management and the practical implications of moving towards an internal ratings based approach, which will eventually allow banks to take on a full portfolio approach to credit risk management. This will enable banks to manage credit risk across sub-portfolios and set economic capital based on the portfolio loss distribution of the banks entire lending book. This is an extremely important development in credit risk management and as a consequence is covered in some detail. The adoption of an internal ratings based approach offers significant rewards in the form of lower statutory capital. A profile of the current capitalisation of SA banks is provided followed by the likely effect of the standardised versus the internal ratings based approach to credit risk management, on the minimum level of statutory capital of banks. Section C The final section covers the envisaged macro effects of the New Accord on emerging markets (procyclical trends, lending concentrations, foreign capital flows and bank failures) with specific comment provided on the implications for the SA banking environment and economy. In conclusion, South African banks should as a priority move towards an internal ratings based approach to credit risk management in order to benefit from the lower statutory requirements, which accrue in the advanced phase. While the accord is likely to impact significantly on emerging markets, South Africa fortunately has a sophisticated banking system by international standards, making the adoption of an internal ratings based approach by the larger SA banks inevitable. The benefits for smaller banks are questionable and at this stage they are unlikely to move beyond the standardised approach, unless compelled to do so.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die "New Basel Capital Accord" het ten doel om die kapitaal vereistes neergelê vir banke meer in lyn te bring met die risiko komponent gekoppel bankwese. Dit hou 'n belangrike implikasie vir banke in en verskaf voorts ook 'n dryfveer vir banke om die bestuur van krediet risiko en algehele bestuursvaardighede te verbeter. In hierdie studie word 'n indiepte ondersoek onderneem aangaande die implikasie op banke van krediet risiko-bestuur en die keuse van die benadering wat gevolg word. Hierdie veranderings in die benadering (dws.standard teenoor interne-graderings benadering) tot krediet risiko hou breër ekonomiese implikasies vir banke in. Hierdie ekonomiese implikasies op SA as 'n ontwikkelende mark word in die finale analise ondersoek. Die studie kan in drie afdelings verdeel word: Afdeling A: • Inleiding en agtergrond tot die "New Basel Capital Accord" en • 'n Gedetaileerde oorsig van die "New Basel Capital Accord" met spesifieke verwysing na die interne-graderings benadering om die minimum vereiste kapitaal te bepaal. Afdeling B: Hierdie afdeling ondersoek krediet risiko bestuur en die praktiese implikasies van die aanvaarding/instelling van 'n interne graderings benadering, en die effek wat dit sal hê op 'n totale portefeulje benadering tot krediet risiko. Die gevolg is dat banke krediet risiko oor sub-portefeuljes sal kan bestuur en kapitaal vlakke vasstel gebaseer op verwagte portefeulje verliese. Hierdie is 'n belangrike ontwikkeling in krediet risiko bestuur en word vervolgens in diepte behandel. Die aanvaarding van 'n interne-graderings benadering tot gradering hou voordele in vir banke in die vorm van laer statutêre kapitaal vereistes. 'n Profiel van die kapitalisasie van SA banke word verskaf, gevolg deur die verskil in die effek van die standaard benadering tot die interne graderings benadering op krediet risiko bestuur en die vereiste minimum statutêre kapitaal. Afdeling C: Die finale afdeling ondersoek die beoogde makro ekonomiese effek van die "New basel capital Accord" op ontwikkelende marke (pro-sikliese neiging, lenings konsentrasies en bank mislukkings) met spesifieke verwysing na die implikasies op SA bankwese en ekonomie. Ter afsluiting moet SA banke so spoedig moontlik die interne-graderings benadering tot krediet risiko aanvaar om voordeel te trek uit die laer kapitaal vereistes wat "ophoop in die gevorderde stadium." Daar word verwag dat die "New Basel Capital Accord" 'n wesenlike invloed op die ontwikkelende mark sal hê. SA het egter 'n gesofistikeerde en gevestigde bankstelsel wat goed vergelyk met internasionale standaarde. Die aanvaarding van 'n interne-graderings benadering deur die die groter SA banke is onafwendbaar. Die voordele wat dit vir kleiner banke inhou kan bevraagteken word en is op hierdie stadium onwaarskynlik dat so 'n benadering deur hulle geïmplimenteer sal word.
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Buba, Caroline. "Basel II Wandel in der Kreditvergabe ; Auswirkungen auf die Mittelstandsfinanzierung." Saarbrücken VDM, Müller, 2006. http://deposit.d-nb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?id=2871709&prov=M&dok_var=1&dok_ext=htm.

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Books on the topic "Basal deposits"

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A, Shcheka S., ed. Gidrotermalʹnye izmenenii͡a︡ bazalʹtov v Tikhom okeane i metallonosnye otlozhenii͡a︡: Po materialam glubokovodnogo burenii͡a︡. Moskva: Izd-vo "Nauka", 1986.

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Monetary and Capital Markets Department Staff International Monetary Fund. Malaysia: Publication of Financial Sector Assessment Program Documentation--Detailed Assessment of Basel Core Principles for Effective Banking Supervision. International Monetary Fund, 2013.

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Fund, International Monetary. Malaysia: Publication of Financial Sector Assessment Program Documentation--Detailed Assessment of Basel Core Principles for Effective Banking Supervision. International Monetary Fund, 2013.

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Staff, International Monetary Fund. Malaysia: Publication of Financial Sector Assessment Program Documentation--Detailed Assessment of Basel Core Principles for Effective Banking Supervision. International Monetary Fund, 2013.

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Book chapters on the topic "Basal deposits"

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Naldrett, Anthony J. "Ore deposits associated with flood basalt volcanism." In Magmatic Sulfide Deposits, 137–278. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-08444-1_4.

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Naldrett, Anthony J. "Erratum to: Ore deposits associated with flood basalt volcanism." In Magmatic Sulfide Deposits, 728. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-08444-1_11.

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Li, Houmin, Jingwen Mao, Yuchuan Chen, Denghong Wang, Changqing Zhang, and Hong Xu. "Epigenetic hydrothermal features of the Emeishan basalt copper mineralization in NE Yunnan, SW China." In Mineral Deposit Research: Meeting the Global Challenge, 149–52. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-27946-6_39.

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Bing-Quan, Zhu, Zhang Zheng-wei, and Hu Yao-Guo. "Controls of magmatism and hydrothermal activities on mineralization in the Emeishan flood basalt Province, SW China." In Mineral Deposit Research: Meeting the Global Challenge, 77–79. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-27946-6_20.

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Matoshko, Andrei V. "Dnieper Glaciation — basal till deposits." In Glacial Deposits in North-East Europe, 231–39. CRC Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003077695-34.

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Mountaj, Sara, Hassan Mhiyaoui, Toufik Remmal, Samira Makhoukhi, and Fouad El Kamel. "Study of Monogenic Volcanism in a Karstic System: Case of the Maar of Lechmine n’Aït el Haj (Middle Atlas, Morocco)." In Volcanoes - Updates in Volcanology [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.94756.

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The Lechmine n’Aït el Haj maar (LNH) is a mixed phreatomagmatic-strombolian vent located in the Causse of the Middle Atlas. The application of tephrostratigraphic, and geophysical studies to the volcaniclastic deposits allowed interpreting the volcanic dynamics of this volcano set up during the Quaternary. Pyroclastic deposits allow us to understand the chronology of the eruptions. These are organized in four eruptive phases. The basal sequences are phreatomagmatic, followed by a strombolian unit. The last activity of LNH is phreatomagmatic. The structural analysis revealed a localized distension signed by fracture geometry, the mixed nature of the volcanism, tectonic markers, and the mechanisms of syn-eruptive tectonics. This subsidence, controlled by the NW-SE to WNW-ESE directions tends towards a strike-slip regime fault NE–SW during the phreatomagmatic-strombolian transition. The latter is favored by the position of the LNH volcano on the path of faults of cryptokarstic origin. The LNH maar is one of numerous well preserved monogenic volcanoes of the Causse of the Middle Atlas. The appropriation of this geoheritage is very important for tourism and territorial development of the region.
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Morsilli, Michele, Alex Hairabian, Jean Borgomano, Sergio Nardon, Erwin Adams, and Guido Bracco Gartner. "A journey along the Gargano promontory (Southern Italy): The Late Jurassic to Eocene Apulia Carbonate Platform evolution." In Field guides to exceptionally exposed carbonate outcrops, 395–480. International Association of Sedimentologists, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.54780/iasfg3/08.

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The Apulia Carbonate Platform (ACP) is one of the most extensive isolated carbonate domains of the Tethyan Ocean, which persisted for a long span of time (Triassic to Miocene). The Late Jurassic to Eocene evolution of the ACP margin was characterised by different growth dynamics including progradation, aggradation and retrogradation; and by fundamental changes in platform profile. These changes were associated with significant fluctuations through time of the rates of sediment deposition, bypass and erosion along the slope, resulting in great variety in terms of deep-water resedimented carbonate facies and associated stratal architecture. In the Gargano Promontory (Southern Italy), also known as the spur of the Italian boot, the outcrops offer an easy access to a little deformed, complete platform-to-basin transect along the ACP margin. The different evolutionary stages of the slope and base-of-slope domains are well-exposed and can be directly related to the morphological evolution of the platform margin as well as to fluctuations of neritic carbonate production in response to tectonic, eustatic or oceanographic controls. The carbonate rocks of the Gargano Promontory are relevant analogues of some important subsurface reservoirs and plays of the Periadriatic domain, especially in the Adriatic offshore and below the Southern Apennines thrust-belt. This field itinerary includes four excursions with key stops providing an overview of lithofacies, stratal architecture and depositional processes from inner platform to basin environments. The selected outcrops are windows on the in-situ and remobilised sedimentary products of different carbonate factories that colonised the ACP margin through time, i.e. stromatoporoids in the Upper Jurassic-basal Cretaceous, rudists in the Cretaceous and large benthic foraminifera and corals in the Eocene. The excursions are organised chronologically focusing on: (1) Upper Jurassic – basal Cretaceous slope to basin transition, (2) Lower Cretaceous inner platform succession, (3) mid-Upper Cretaceous slope/base-of-slope deposits; and (4) middle Eocene shallow-marine to deep-marine deposits.
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Dubé, Benoît, Patrick Mercier-Langevin, John Ayer, Jean-Luc Pilote, and Thomas Monecke. "Chapter 3: Gold Deposits of the World-Class Timmins-Porcupine Camp, Abitibi Greenstone Belt, Canada." In Geology of the World’s Major Gold Deposits and Provinces, 53–80. Society of Economic Geologists, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5382/sp.23.03.

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Abstract The Timmins-Porcupine camp, with >2,190 metric tons Au (70.5 Moz) produced between 1906 and 2019, is the world’s largest Archean orogenic gold camp. The gold deposits of the camp are distributed over ~50 km of strike length along the Destor-Porcupine fault zone. This includes the world-class Hollinger-McIntyre and Dome deposits, which represent archetypal examples of large orogenic quartz-carbonate gold systems. The Dome deposit, where the ore is centered on a folded unconformity between Tisdale volcanic rocks and Timiskaming sedimentary units, also illustrates the spatial relationship between large gold deposits and a regional unconformity. Ore-forming hydrothermal activity in the camp spanned a prolonged period of time, as illustrated by early-stage, low-grade ankerite veins formed between ca. 2690 and 2674 Ma. This was prior to or very early relative to the development of the regional unconformity and sedimentation of the Timiskaming assemblage, and subsequent main-stage gold deposition. The bulk of the gold in the district is younger than the Three Nations Formation of the upper part of the Timiskaming assemblage (i.e., ≤2669 ± 1 Ma) and was deposited syn- to late-main phase of shortening (D3) in the Timmins-Porcupine camp from about 2660 to 2640 ± 10 Ma. The early carbonatization represents a significant early-stage hydrothermal event in the formation of large structurally controlled gold deposits such as Dome and illustrates the protracted nature of the large-scale CO2-rich metasomatism occurring before and during gold deposition. Ores in the Timmins-Porcupine camp mainly consist of networks of steeply to moderately dipping fault-fill quartz-carbonate ± tourmaline ± pyrite veins and associated extensional, variably deformed, shallowly to moderately dipping arrays of sigmoidal veins hosted in highly carbonatized and sericitized rocks and formed during main regional shortening (D3). In contrast, at the Timmins West mine, the Thunder Creek and 144 GAP deposits are early- to syn-Timiskaming intrusion-associated deposits that slightly predate to overlap the main phase of D3 horizontal shortening in which the associated intrusions mainly played a passive role as an older mechanical and chemical trap rock. The formation of the gold deposits of the Timmins-Porcupine camp is due to several key factors. The Destor-Porcupine fault zone represents a deeply rooted first-order structure and tapped auriferous metamorphic fluids and melts from the upper mantle-lower crust. The fault zone has channeled large volumes of auriferous H2O-CO2-rich fluids to the upper crust late in the evolution of the belt. Several of the gold deposits of the camp are spatially associated with the regional Timiskaming unconformity. The current level of erosion is deep enough to expose the unconformity and to maximize the chance of discovering the quartz-carbonate style of orogenic deposits or the associated hydrothermal footprint, but also allowed for preservation of at least part of the gold deposits that are mainly hosted in the highly reactive Fe-rich basalt of the Tisdale assemblage. Additional key factors include the presence of komatiitic and/or basaltic komatiite flows, competent pre- and syn-Timiskaming subalkaline and alkaline intrusions that predate the main phase of shortening, and the occurrence of a flexure in the trace of the Destor-Porcupine fault zone that may have further facilitated and focused the ore-forming fluid upflow in the most endowed part of the camp. The complex structural and rheological discontinuities, competency contrasts, and early-stage folds with associated fracture and fault netorks in the camp provided highly favorable ground-preparation conditions.
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Cranston, Ross, Emilios Avgouleas, Kristin van Zweiten, Theodor van Sante, and Christoper Hare. "2. Prudential Regulation I: Capital and Liquidity Controls." In Principles of Banking Law. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/he/9780199276080.003.0002.

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This chapter begins with a discussion of the reasons for bank regulation. Traditionally the focus of bank regulation has been the protection of individual institutions' stability from a depositors' run, and of depositors and deposit guarantee schemes from incurring losses in the event of bank failures. Another fundamental goal was the protection of taxpayers from a public bailout and from the kind of moral hazard that arises when public bank rescues are likely. However, in recent years, and especially since the global financial crisis the focus of bank regulation has broadened to include eliminating too-big-to-fail institutions; increasing capital cushions and introducing liquidity requirements; and enhancing the resilience of the financial system to withstand system-wide shocks. The remainder of the chapter covers prudential regulation, capital regulation, the different phases of the Basel capital framework, and the total loss absorbing capacity standard.
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Salge, Tobias, Roald Tagle, Ralf-Thomas Schmitt, and Lutz Hecht. "Petrographic and chemical studies of the Cretaceous-Paleogene boundary sequence at El Guayal, Tabasco, Mexico: Implications for ejecta plume evolution from the Chicxulub impact crater." In Large Meteorite Impacts and Planetary Evolution VI. Geological Society of America, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/2021.2550(08).

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ABSTRACT A combined petrographic and chemical study of ejecta particles from the Cretaceous-Paleogene boundary sequence of El Guayal, Tabasco, Mexico (520 km SW of Chicxulub crater), was carried out to assess their formation conditions and genetic relation during the impact process. The reaction of silicate ejecta particles with hot volatiles during atmospheric transport may have induced alteration processes, e.g., silicification and cementation, observed in the ejecta deposits. The various microstructures of calcite ejecta particles are interpreted to reflect different thermal histories at postshock conditions. Spherulitic calcite particles may represent carbonate melts that were quenched during ejection. A recrystallized microstructure may indicate short, intense thermal stress. Various aggregates document particle-particle interactions and intermixing of components from lower silicate and upper sedimentary target lithologies. Aggregates of recrystallized calcite with silicate melt indicate the consolidation of a hot suevitic component with sediments at ≳750 °C. Accretionary lapilli formed in a turbulent, steam-condensing environment at ~100 °C by aggregation of solid, ash-sized particles. Concentric zones with smaller grain sizes of accreted particles indicate a recurring exchange with a hotter environment. Our results suggest that during partial ejecta plume collapse, hot silicate compo nents were mixed with the fine fraction of local surface-derived sediments, the latter of which were displaced by the preceding ejecta curtain. These processes sustained a hot, gas-driven, lateral basal transport that was accompanied by a turbulent plume at a higher level. The exothermic back-reaction of CaO from decomposed carbonates and sulfates with CO2 to form CaCO3 may have been responsible for a prolonged release of thermal energy at a late stage of plume evolution.
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Conference papers on the topic "Basal deposits"

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Hannibal, Joseph T., Gordon C. Baird, and Carlton E. Brett. "REGIONAL-TEMPORAL CHARACTERISTICS OF PALEOZOIC, TRANSGRESSIVE, BASAL BLACK-SHALE DEPOSITS: MODELING DIACHRONOUS ONLAP PROCESSES ON OXYGEN-DEFICIENT, EROSIONAL-CORROSIONAL SUBSTRATES ON LAURENTIA." In 50th Annual GSA North-Central Section Meeting. Geological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2016nc-275224.

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Souza, Isabela Silva, Beatriz Cassarotti, Lucas de Oliveira Pinto Bertoldi, Alana Strucker Barbosa, Eduardo Silveira Marques Branco, Isabela Badan Fernandes, Bruno Eji Nakano, et al. "Fahr syndrome associated with post-thyroidectomy hypoparathyroidism." In XIII Congresso Paulista de Neurologia. Zeppelini Editorial e Comunicação, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5327/1516-3180.567.

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Context: Fahr’s syndrome is a rare disorder characterized by bilateral and symmetrical abnormal calcifications in basal ganglia and cerebral cortex. Those calcified deposits are due to changes in calcium and phosphorus metabolisms that can be caused by endocrine disorders, mitochondrial myopathies, dermatological and infectious diseases. Clinical manifestations may include a variety of extrapyramidal, cerebelar and neuropsychiatric syndromes. Case report: This study describes a 75-year-old female patient that underwent total thyroidectomy in 1985 due to a multinodular goiter and presented postsurgical hypoparathyroidism. The patient missed follow-up apppoointments with Endocrinology and stopped treating her parathyroid condition. Some time later, she presented with change in behavior, drowsiness, paraesthesias, limb spasms and seizures. A CT scan of the brain was performed, showing multiple and extensive calcifications reaching the cerebellar hemispheres, basal ganglia, thalamus and white subcortical substance symmetrically. Laboratory examinations revealed hypocalcemia, hyperphosphatemia, and low parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels. Intravenous calcium gluconate was used to corret the Ca/P dysfunction. Additionally, appropriate antiepileptic drugs for seizures were used. She presented with progressive improvement of symptoms after treatment. Conclusions: This case report demonstrates the importance of post- thyroidectomy follow-up and early recognition of Fahr syndrome’s symptoms, which prevents the progression of neurological conditions.
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de Prost, D., A. Kanfer, C. Guettier, D. Nochy, N. Hinglais, and P. Druet. "ENHANCED GLOMERULAR PROCOAGULANT ACTIVITY AND FIBRIN DEPOSITION IN RATS WITH MERCURIC CHLORIDE-INDUCED AUTOIMMUNE NEPHRITIS." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1644347.

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The mechanism involved in glomerular fibrin deposition was investigated during HgCl2-induced autoimmune glomerulonephritis in the Brown Norway rat. To ascertain whether the local hemostatic system was activated secondarily to the immunological conflict, the ability of glomerular lysates to induce coagulation in vitro was measured in treated and control rats. On day 12 (latent phase of the disease), 20 (acme) and days 32 and 42 (recovery phase) after the first mercury injection proteinuria, glomerular procoagulant activity (PCA) and the incidence of glomerular fibrin deposits were assessed, the latter with a fluoresceinated anti-rat fibrinogen serum. All three parameters peaked on day 20. Glomerular PCA was characterized as thromboplastin. Results are as follows :The number of la positive cells detected in glomeruli from HgCl2-injected rats by monoclonal 0x6 antibody was not different from the control number at any phase of the disease ; the number of macrophages per glomerular section detected by electron microscopy at day 20 in HgCl2-injected rats was 1.8±0.60 vs 0.3±0.11. No correlation was found between glomerular PCA and either the number of macrophages or of la positive cells present in the glomeruli.Since glomerular PCA was maximal at the onset of fibrin formation in the glomeruli and then decreased toward its basal level, and since the fibrin disappeared, it is concluded that increased production of thromboplastin by glomeruli, with activation of the extrinsic coagulation pathway, is a factor which may contribute to intraglomerular fibrin deposition in HgCl2-induced glomerulonephritis.
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Lethagen, S., A. S. Harris, and I. M. Nilsson. "A NEW DELIVERY SYSTEM FOR DDAVP: CLINICAL EXPERIENCE OF DDAVP SPRAY PUMP IN MILD HAEMOPHILIA A AND vWD TYPE I." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1644704.

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Until recently, the reliability and predectibility of the intranasal route of administration of DDAVP has been too poor to recommend it in routine practice.With the development of a new delivery system in the form of a spray puip we have previously shown that absorption and biological effect of DDAVP in volunteers is enhanced(1).In this patient study we conpared intranasal administration of 300 pg DDAVP using a newly developed pre-corrpression spray pinp with intravenous administration of 0.3 - 0.4 pg/kg. We studied 24 patients with mild haemophilia A, 23 with mild vWD Type IA and 8 with Type IB. We measured VIII:C (one-stage assay), vW:Ag (IRMA) and bleeding time (Simplate II) before and 30 - 60 min and 1 hour post treatment after i.v. and i.n. administration respectively.The spray resulted in a 2 to 4 times increase in basal levels of VIII:C and vW:Ag and was comparable in effect to intravenous administration. Moreover, bleeding time was significantly reduced to within the normal range in most patients. Several patients reported good clinical effects of the spray after tooth extraction, menorrhagia and epistaxis.We conclude that the DDAVP spray is a clear improvement over previous atterpts at intranasal administration. The spray deposits well controlled and reproducible doses in the nasal cavity resulting in a clear enhancement in absorption with a magnitude and reliability of its biological effect which is corparable to the intravenous delivery. Furthermore, the spray offers a convenient and practical means of self-treatment to haemophilia patients without delay.1. Harris A.S., Nilsson I.M., Wagier Z.-G., Alkner U. Intranasal Administration of Peptides: Nasal Deposition, Biological Response, and Absorption of Desmopressin. J Pharm Sci (in press, December 1986).
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Hudyma, N., N. Walker, and B. Chittoori. "Mapping and Characterization of Rockfall Runout Talus Deposits from Columnar Basalt Cliffs in Boise, ID." In 56th U.S. Rock Mechanics/Geomechanics Symposium. ARMA, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.56952/arma-2022-2071.

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ABSTRACT: The Boise Valley contains several columnar jointed basalt cliffs, which were deposited approximately 1.4 to 0.5 Ma on terraces formed by downcutting of the Boise River. Three runout talus deposits on Whitney Terrace were characterized using unmanned aerial vehicle visual imagery. Although the runout talus deposits were from different areas and were of varying size, they contained roughly the same dimensions and distributions of blocks. Images of the cliff face indicated that blocks were detached from the base of columns along horizontal discontinuities which lacked support (undercut columns) and by toppling of basalt columns. The mapped block sizes in the cliff face were larger than the blocks in the associated runout, indicating the cliff blocks were fragmented during impacts in the runout. 1. INTRODUCTION The movement of geologic materials downslope, commonly referred to as landslides, is one of the most well-known geologic hazards. Varnes (1978) developed the most widely used classification framework for landslides. Since the Varnes classification scheme was developed, various modifications have been proposed and adopted. Still, the goal is to be able to describe the movement(s) and the end result(s) of the landslide using well-known terminology which incorporates the focus of the investigators (Hungr et al., 2014). Our focus is to characterize the runout talus deposits formed from the dislodgement and subsequent downslope movement of rock blocks from columnar basalt cliffs. Columnar basalt, or specifically columnar jointing in basalt, is a type of rock mass that is divided into long prismatic blocks. The formation of the jointing is complex and thought to be a series of events rather than simple cooling of the lava. The vertical discontinuities are continuous and horizontal discontinuities are less prominent and generally end at the edges of the vertical discontinuities (Spry, 1962). Failures of rock masses with columnar jointing have been studied in several geographical locations, including Australia (Dahlhaus and Miner, 2000), Chile (Holm and Jakob, 2009), Spain (Abellán et al., 2011), and Washington State (Guzek, 2019). The failure mechanism most often reported in these studies has been the somewhat generic term "rockfall", even though the studies mentioned above have shown that two failure (detachment) modes occur, rockfalls and rock topples.
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Matasovic, N., C. Conkle, A. F. Witthoeft, A. Stern, and T. Hadj-Hamou. "Back Analysis of Landslide Deposit Basal Failure Plane Residual Shear Strength." In Second International Conference on Geotechnical and Earthquake Engineering. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784413128.056.

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Cole, Meredith A., and Greg Valentine. "PALEOTOPOGRAPHIC CONTROLS ON THE UPPER BANDELIER TUFF BASAL DEPOSIT, VALLES CALDERA, NM." In GSA 2020 Connects Online. Geological Society of America, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2020am-348657.

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Tendil, Anthony J. B., Laura Galluccio, Catherine Breislin, Jawaher A. Alsabeai, Arthur P. C. Lavenu, and Hidenori Obara. "New Insights on the Lower Lekhwair Formation offshore Abu Dhabi: Understanding the Key Role of Lithocodium/bacinella Floatstones on Large Scale Reservoir Quality Variations." In Abu Dhabi International Petroleum Exhibition & Conference. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/207692-ms.

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Abstract The Lower Cretaceous Lekhwair Formation is one of the most prolific oil reservoirs in onshore and offshore UAE, yet the available literature on this interval remains limited. Based on a recent study carried out in collaboration with ADNOC Offshore, the present paper provides new insights into the comprehension of the interplay between primary depositional and secondary diagenetic controls on the reservoir performance, which is of crucial importance for the refinement of the static and dynamic models. In offshore Abu Dhabi, the Lower Lekhwair Formation is characterised by an alternation of relatively thick argillaceous (dense zones) and clean limestones (reservoir zones). Reservoir zones consist of basal, low to moderate energy inner ramp deposits, grading upward into thick inner and mid-ramp sediments. Lithocodium/Bacinella is the volumetrically dominant skeletal allochem and can form m-thick, stacked floatstone units. Such Lithocodium/Bacinella-rich floatstones are interpreted to originate from a mid-ramp depositional setting as a result of an increase in the accommodation space. By contrast, the contribution of Lithocodium/Bacinella floatstones is significantly reduced in inner ramp settings where these tend to form cm- to dm-scale, laterally discontinuous interbeds. The combination of sedimentological findings with diagenetic data provided an enhanced understanding of the origin and variations of the reservoir quality across the Lower Lekhwair Formation. In more detail, the best reservoir quality occurs within poorly cemented, Lithocodium/Bacinella-rich floatstones with grain-supported matrices, which favoured the preservation of a macropore-dominated pore system allowing an effective fluid flow. By contrast, the mud-supported textures with only rare and localised occurrence of mm- to cm-scale Lithocodium/Bacinella clumps, present the poorest reservoir quality due to the isolated nature of the macropores and the relatively tight micrite matrix surrounding them. At the large scale, the Lower Lekhwair shows an upward increase in reservoir quality, consistently with the upward increase in abundance and thickness of the Lithocodium/Bacinella-rich floatstones. The integration of depositional features with diagenetic overprint in the Lower Lekhwair Formation shows the fundamental role played by Lithocodium/Bacinella-rich floatstones with grain-supported matrices on the reservoir quality distribution. The impact of the Lithocodium/Bacinella floatstone matrices on the reservoir performance was never investigated before and hence represents an element of innovation and a powerful tool to predict the distribution of the areas hosting the best reservoir properties.
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KLUFOVÁ, Pavla, Jan TITTEL, Marek VOSTŘÁK, Zdeněk JANSA, and Antonín KŘÍŽ. "CORROSION RESISTANCE OF LASER-DEPOSITED COMPOSITE COPPER-BASALT OVERLAY." In METAL 2019. TANGER Ltd., 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.37904/metal.2019.877.

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Chikhradze, Nikoloz. "THE PROPERTIES OF BASALT ROCKS OF GEORGIAN DEPOSITS AND THE FIBERS OBTAINED FROM THEM." In 14th SGEM GeoConference on NANO, BIO AND GREEN � TECHNOLOGIES FOR A SUSTAINABLE FUTURE. Stef92 Technology, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2014/b62/s26.051.

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Reports on the topic "Basal deposits"

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Graves, M. C., and F. J. Hein. Compilation, synthesis, and stratigraphic framework of mineral deposits within the basal Windsor Group, Atlantic Provinces, Canada. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/194160.

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Jackson, G. D. Bedrock geology, northwest part of Nuluujaak Mountain, Baffin Island, Nunavut, part of NTS 37-G/5. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/314670.

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The map area lies about 40 km northwest of Baffinland's iron mine. Dykes of unit mAnA3 within unit mAnA2 suggest that unit mAnA2 predates unit mAnA3. Unit nAMqf, basal Mary River Group unit, includes regolith material from units mAnA2 and mAnA3. Unit mAnAm may include some dykes of unit nAMb. The Mary River Group was deposited in a volcanic-arc environment, yielding zircon U-Pb ages mostly in the range of 2.88 to 2.72 Ga. Iron-formation (unit nAMi) is approximately 276 m thick locally, with oxide facies (unit nAMio) being most abundant. The quartzite triangle west of 'Iron lake' (unofficial name) may be a small horst. The main east-west-trending synclinal fold, including the area around 'Iron lake' and the no. 4 ore deposit, is upright, nearly isoclinal, and plunges mostly easterly at both ends with small scale anticlines and synclines in the middle. Magnetite constitutes about 75% of high-grade iron deposits in the north limb, whereas hematite predominates in south-limb deposits. K-Ar and Rb-Sr ages indicate middle Paleoproterozoic overprinting. Central Borden Fault Zone was active at ca. 1.27 Ga and during or after Ordovician time. Note: please be aware that the information contained in CGM 408 is based on legacy data from the 1960-1990s and that it has been superseded by regional-scale information contained in CGM 403.
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Kerr, D. E. Reconnaissance surficial geology, Beechey Lake, Nunavut, NTS 76-G. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/329669.

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Preliminary mapping studies of Beechey Lake map area, through aerial photograph interpretation and limited legacy data, improve our understanding of surficial sediments and glacial history. The area is dominated by glacially and meltwater-scoured bedrock, hummocky moraine, till of varying thickness occasionally streamlined, and thin ridged till. Glacial lake sediments are predominantly in river valley lowlands. Glaciolacustrine delta and raised beach elevations range from 410 m to 230 m and 440 m to 290 m, respectively. Glaciofluvial deposits consist of eskers, ice-contact mounds, proglacial outwash plains, and terraces. Basal meltwater from regional ice stagnation and downwasting scoured subglacial and proglacial meltwater corridors and channels of varying width, many trending northwest. A glaciomarine delta was deposited in a high-sea marine environment following deglaciation in the northernmost map area. Streamlined till and bedrock landforms and striations indicate regional ice flow was dominantly northwest. A late westward and southwestward deglacial ice flow is preserved sporadically in the easternmost map area, and well preserved in the west-central and southwestern map areas, west of a discontinuous hummocky moraine belt.
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Kuster, K., C. M. Lesher, and M. G. Houlé. Geology and geochemistry of mafic and ultramafic bodies in the Shebandowan mine area, Wawa-Abitibi terrane: implications for Ni-Cu-(PGE) and Cr-(PGE) mineralization, Ontario and Quebec. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/329394.

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The Shebandowan Ni-Cu-(PGE) deposit occurs in the Shebandowan greenstone belt in the Wawa-Abitibi terrane. This deposit is one of a few economic Ni-Cu-(PGE) deposits in the Superior Province and one of a very few deposits worldwide that contains both Ni-Cu-(PGE) and Cr-(PGE) mineralization. The mafic-ultramafic successions in the area comprise abundant flows and sills of tholeiitic basalt and lesser Al-undepleted komatiite (MgO >18 wt%, Al2O3/TiO2 = 15-25), the latter indicating separation from mantle sources at shallow levels. Siliceous high-Mg basalts (MgO 8-12 wt%, SiO2 > 53 wt%, TiO2 < 1.2 wt%, La/Sm[MN] < 1-2) are relatively abundant in the area and likely represent crustally contaminated komatiites. Ultramafic bodies in the Shebandowan mine area comprise at least three or four komatiitic sills (A-B, C, D) and at least two komatiitic flows (E, F), all of which are altered to serpentinites or talc-carbonate schists with relict igneous chromite and rare relict igneous orthopyroxene-clinopyroxene. Unit A-B contains pentlandite-pyrrhotite-chalcopyrite-pyrite-magnetite mineralization, occurring as massive sulfides, sulfide breccias, or stringers, and subeconomic chromite mineralization in contorted massive bands varying from a few millimetres up to 10 metres thick. The localization of massive and semi-massive Ni-Cu-(PGE) ores along the margins of Unit A and the paucity of disseminated and net-textured ores suggest tectonic mobilization. Chromite is typically zoned with Cr-Mg-Al-rich (chromite) cores and Fe-rich (ferrichromite/magnetite) rims due to alteration and/or metamorphism, but rarely contains amoeboid magnetite cores. The thickness of chromite in Unit B is too great to have crystallized in cotectic proportion from the komatiitic magma and a model involving dynamic upgrading of magnetite xenoliths derived from interflow oxide facies iron formations is being tested.
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Piercey, S. J., S. Paradis, J. M. Peter, and T. L. Tucker. Geochemistry of basalt from the Wolverine volcanic-hosted massive-sulphide deposit, Finlayson Lake district, Yukon Territory. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/213069.

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Mueller, C., S. J. Piercey, M. G. Babechuk, and D. Copeland. Stratigraphy and lithogeochemistry of rocks from the Nugget Pond Deposit area, Baie Verte Peninsula, Newfoundland. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/328989.

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Stratigraphic and lithogeochemical data were collected from selected drill core from the Nugget Pond gold deposit in the Betts Cove area, Newfoundland. The stratigraphy consists of a lower unit of basaltic rocks that are massive to pillowed (Mount Misery Formation). This is overlain by sedimentary rocks of the Scrape Point Formation that consist of lower unit of turbiditic siltstone and hematitic cherts/iron formations (the Nugget Pond member); the unit locally has a volcaniclastic rich-unit at its base and grades upwards into finer grained volcaniclastic/turbiditic rocks. This is capped by basaltic rocks of the Scrape Point Formation that contain pillowed and massive mafic flows that are distinctively plagioclase porphyritic to glomeroporphyritic. The mafic rocks of the Mount Misery Formation have island arc tholeiitic affinities, whereas Scrape Point Formation mafic rocks have normal mid-ocean ridge (N-MORB) to backarc basin basalt (BABB) affinities. One sample of the latter formation has a calc-alkalic affinity. All of these geochemical features are consistent with results and conclusions from previous workers in the area. Clastic sedimentary rocks and Fe-rich sedimentary rocks of the Scrape Point Formation have features consistent with derivation from local, juvenile sources (i.e., intra-basinal mafic rocks). The Scrape Point Formation sedimentary rocks with the highest Fe/Al ratios, inferred to have greatest amount of hydrothermally derived Fe, have positive Ce anomalies on Post-Archean Australian Shale (PAAS)-normalized trace element plots. These features are consistent with having formed via hydrothermal venting into an anoxic/ sub-oxic water column. Further work is needed to test whether these redox features are a localized feature (i.e., restricted basin) or a widespread feature of the late Cambrian-early Ordovician Iapetus Ocean, as well as to delineate the role that these Fe-rich sedimentary rocks have played in the localization of gold mineralization within the Nugget Pond deposit.
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