Journal articles on the topic 'Barus (Sumatera Utara, Indonesia) History'

Peranan penting dalam pertumbuhan perekonomian khususnya di Indonesia adalah transportasi laut. Hal tersebut dikarenakan transportasi laut berhubungan dengan kegiatan-kegiatan produksi, konsumsi, dan distribusi. Pemerintah perlu mengedepankan pentingnya transportasi laut untuk memperlancar kegiatan perekonomian. Berbagai aktifitas terkait dengan pemenuhan kebutuhan dasar memerlukan ketersediaan infrastruktur yang baik, sekarang transportasi laut berperan penting dalam mengakomodasi aktifitas sosial dan ekonomi masyarakat. Kegiatan evaluasi ini mengunakan pendekatan analisis data melalui Fokus Group Discussion, kemudian dirumuskan evaluasinya menggunakan aspek fasilitas pelabuhan meliputi aspek yang dinilai dari pembangunan dermaga seperti Master Plan, FS, AMDAL, TOR, dan RAB yang penilaiannya ada atau tidak ada, dan kewajaran harga yang meliputi standar harga, volume, dan harga satuan. Dari hasil analisis disimpulkan bahwa pembangunan fasilitas pelabuhan laut Singkil di Propinsi Aceh belum bermanfaat, pembangunan rehabilitasi instalasi menara suar Pulau Beras DSI-50/60 Sabang di Propinsi Aceh bermanfaat, pembangunan fasilitas pelabuhan laut Labuhan Angin di Propinsi Sumatera Utara belum bermanfaat, pembangunan fasilitas pelabuhan laut Parlimbungan Ketek di Propinsi Sumatera Utara bermanfaat, pembangunan fasilitas pelabuhan laut Barus di Propinsi Sumatera Utara belum bermanfaat, pembangunan rambu suar 7 unit Sibolga di Propinsi Sumatera bermanfaat, pembangunan fasilitas GMDSS SROP Kuala Langsa Propinsi Sumatera Utara bermanfaat, pembangunan pembangunan fasilitas GMDSS SROP Belawan di Propinsi Sumatera Utara bermanfaat, pembangunan fasilitas pelabuhan laut Tanjung Buton di Propinsi Riau belum bermanfaat, pembangunan fasilitas pelabuhan Dompak di Propinsi Kepulauan Riau belum bermanfaat, pembangunan fasilitas pelabuhan laut Pasapuat di Propinsi Sumatera Barat belum bermanfaat, pembangunan fasilitas pelabuhan laut Tanjung Jabung Propinsi Jambi belum bermanfaat, dan pembangunan fasilitas pelabuhan laut Kuala Mendahara di Propinsi Jambi belum bermanfaat.

The Centre for Global Archaeological Research at Universiti Sains Malaysia (transl. University of Science Malaysia) had signed a memorandum of understanding with Universitas Syiah Kuala (Unsyiah) and Universitas Sumatera Utara (USU) regarding Islamic archaeological research in Sumatera. This cooperation was in order to unearth new clues on the early history of Islam in the South East Asia region. A preliminary survey had been done in Aceh and Barus which found a number of tombstones belonging to the early Muslim population in the area. This study focused on the Barus tombstones found in Penanggahan, Barus during the fieldwork in the December of 2014. The oldest tombstone found in Barus to date was dated to about 1350 AD. The Barus tombstones were made from tuff. This particular tombstone was unique in its form, the decoration and motif not conforming to any known classification to date. The engravings and carvings on the surface of the tombstones have its own distinct style. There are also similarities of the ornaments with those of the Plak-Pling tombstones which seems indicative of contact between Barus and Aceh during the time of the spread of Islam in the region.

In the context of Islamic organization in Indonesia, researchers tend to focus their study on the well-known Muslim organizations, such as NU and Muhammadiyah; they tend to overlook other Islamic movements, such as Al-Jam’iyatul Washliyah in Northern Sumatera. This article examines Al-Washilah’s history and role, especially in education that covers its educational institutions, types, and problems. It argues that Al-Washliyah is very committed to the dynamics of Islamic education in the country, and plays a role as a stronghold for the Sunni tradition. Al-Washilah has contributed to the formation of Islamic culture in Malay world (Nusantara) since the colonial era and is concerned with broader issues, ranging from politics, culture, propagation, economy to education. Al-Washliyah has long played an important role for the continuity of the tradition of Islam in Indonesia.

Indonesia is a nation of a diverse civilization. The legacy of Indonesian civilization is significantly influenced by the way of life and religious teachings spread over large and wider regions ranging from Sumatra in the west and Papua in the east. History of Islam in Indonesia culturally has already inherited a number of various historical relics. One of them is the house of worship. This research article discusses one of the historic houses of worship,viz. the Azizi Mosque in Tanjung Pura, Langkat, North Sumatera. With the use of an archaelogical method, by means of techniques of observation, the research focuses on describing, analysing and understanding meaning of architectural, historical objects and religious inscriptions of the mosque as an archaelogical inheritance. The research highlights some important findings. First, the Azizi mosque shows significantly a cultural acculturative mixture of various origin from the Middle East, India, China and Malay. But, in a case of decoration of this mosque, it was affected by the Middle Eastern nuances, especially Arab with Arabic calligraphic inscriptions containing religious messages. Second, philo¬sophically the mosque Azizi represents and symbolizes the Malay’s way of life, characterized by any system of norms and values applied in the Malay community at large, namely the norms of high respects to the power of leaders (umara), clerics (ulama), intellectuals (zumara), the rich (agniya), and the power of the prayers of the poor (fuqara).Keywords: Azizi Mosque, architecture, inscription, Langkat, calligraphyIndonesia adalah satu bangsa yang mempunyai peradaban yang beraneka ragam. Peninggalannya dipengaruhi oleh tradisi kebudayaan maupun keagamaan masyarakat yang tersebar di berbagai wilayah. Sejarah Islam di Indonesia juga termasuk yang memiliki berbagai peninggalan bersejarah. Salah satunya adalah rumah ibadah. Tulisan ini membahas salah satu rumah ibadah bersejarah, yaitu Masjid Azizi di Tanjungpura, Langkat, Sumateran Utara. Tulisan ini menggunakan metode arkeologi, mulai observasi, deskripsi, dan pemaknaannya. Aspek-aspek yang dibahas meliputi arsitektur, benda-benda bersejarah dan inskripsi keagamaan di dalamnya. Arsitektur Mesjid Azizi memperlihatkan perpaduan Timur Tengah, India, Cina, dan Melayu. Secara filosofis mengandung falsafah Melayu, yaitu kekuatan pemimpin (umara), ulama, cerdik pandai (zumara), orang kaya (agniya), dan kekuatan doa orang miskin (fuqara). Hiasan masjid ini bernuansa Timur Tengah, khususnya Arab dengan inskripsi kaligrafi Arab yang mengandung pesan-pesan agamis.Kata kunci: Masjid Azizi, arsitektur, inskripsi, Langkat, kaligrafi

Sejarah kuno Indonesia mencatat bahwa masa sejarah tertua di Jawa Tengah adalah Kerajaan Matarām Kuno (abad ke-8-10). Pada waktu yang sama di pantai timur Sumatera terdapat Kerajaan Sriwijaya. Di lain pihak, berita Cina menginformasikan bahwa kerajaan di Jawa sudah ada pada abad ke-5, yaitu Ho-ling (She-po). Penelitian mutakhir di pesisir pantai utara Jawa Barat dan timur Sumatera memberikan bukti adanya hubungan antara Indonesia dengan bangsa asing berupa artefak-artefak dari luar negeri, meskipun tidak didukung oleh data prasasti. Hal tersebut memberikan petunjuk untuk mencari bukti awal hubungan dengan bangsa lain di daerah pesisir pantai. Penelitian di pesisir pantai utara Jawa Tengah ini dilakukan dengan survei, ekskavasi, dan wawancara mendalam, metode penulisan menggunakan metode deskriptif komparatif. Penelitian ini berhasil menambahkan data baru berupa temuan candi di Desa Kesuben, Kecamatan Lebaksiu, Kabupaten Tegal, Jawa Tengah.Temuan yang dihasilkan berupa struktur bangunan candi dari bata, antefiks-antefiks, dan arca batu. Hingga saat ini dari penelitian ini belum diketahui latar keagamaan Candi Kesuben karena belum ditemukan artefak yang mendukung. Abstract. The Indonesian Ancient History has recorded that the oldest historical period in Central Java was the period of the Ancient Matarām Kingdom (8th – 10th centuries CE). At the same period there was the kingdom of Srivijaya on the east coast of Sumatera. On the other hand, according to Chinese chronicles, there had been a kingdom in Java in 5th century CE, namely Ho-ling (She-po). Recent investigations along the north coast of West Java and the east coast of Sumatera have yielded evidences of relations between Indonesia and foreign countries in forms of imported artifacts, although this is not supported by inscriptions. This indicates that evidences of international relations have to be searched in coastal areas because it was where the relations began. The research on the north coast of Central Java was carried out in forms of survey, excavation, and thorough interviews, and the writing method is descriptive-comparative. This research has provided new evidence in form of a candi (temple) at Kesuben Village in Lebaksiu District, Tegal Regency, Central Java. The finds include structure of candi made of bricks, antefixes, and stone statues. Unfortunately we have not been able to identify the religious background of the Candi Kesuben (Kesuben Temple) because there has not been any artifact that can support the identification.

Tourism Product Knowledge is regarding the general knowledge of all regions in Indonesia which includes the location of the region / geography, climate, history, politics, culture, and particularly object - attractions and facilities and attractions which support it. In this study, entitled Factors Affecting Total tourist arrivals in Sumut Province Year Period 2014 -2019. The purpose of this study was to determine the number of rooms and the dollar exchange rate partially and simultaneously inuence the number of tourist arrivals in Sumut, in order to obtain a result the number of hotel rooms inuential not evident partially on the number of tourists visiting the province of Sumut, because t smaller than t table or -1.651 <1.761 while the dollar exchange rate has a signicant effect on the number of tourists visiting the province of Sumut, because t is greater than t table or 2.236> 1.740 and Total Room and the US dollar exchange rate simultaneously or together of the number of tourists visiting Sumut Province since F count> F table or 13.288> 3.59. The magnitude of the effect of independent variables on the dependent variable simultaneously can be known from the value of the coefcient of determination (R2) is equal to 0.639. This means that both variables jointly contribute to or inuence amounted to 63.9 percent of the number of tourists visiting the province of Sumut, while the remaining 36.1 percent is inuenced by other variables that are not described in the model, such as safety, service, facilities.

Latar Belakang. Aktivitas Fisik merupakan salah satu poin penting dari Instruksi Presiden Republik Indonesia Nomor 1 Tahun 2017 mengenai suatu gerakan yang mendukung gaya hidup sehat di masyarakat yaitu Gerakan Masyarakat Sehat (GERMAS). Mahasiswa FKM USU memiliki tingkat aktivitas fisik ringan yang tinggi yaitu sebesar 81,2%. Salah satu hal memengaruhinya yaitu mahasiswa FKM USU jarang membaca informasi mengenai aktivitas fisik.Tujuan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan efektivitas video dan flipbook aktivitas tentang fisik terhadap pengetahuan Mahasiswa FKM USU.Metode. Rancangan penelitian yang digunakan adalah menggunakan desain penelitian Quasi Experiment Design dan desain penelitian Non-Equivalent Control Group Design.Hasil. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa terdapat perbedaan nilai rerata pengetahuan pada kelompok media video dan flipbook. Diketahui nilai probabilitas kedua variabel tersebut <0,05 yang memiliki makna terdapat hubungan bermakna yang signifikan terhadap pengetahuan responden. Nilai rerata pengetahuan responden yang diberi intervensi melalui media flipbook lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan responden yang diberi intervensi melalui media video.Kesimpulan. Media Flipbook lebih efektif dibandingkan dengan media video terhadap peningkatan pengetahuan dan sikap Mahasiswa FKM USU tentang aktivitas fisik. ABSTRACT Bakground. Physical activity is one of the important points of the Presidential Instruction of the Republic of Indonesia Number 1 of 2017 regarding a movement that supports a healthy lifestyle in the community, namely Gerakan Masyarakat Sehat (GERMAS). USU's FKM students have a high level of light physical activity, which is 81.2%. One of the things that influenced him was that USU's FKM students rarely read information about physical activity.Aim. This study aims to determine the differences in the effectiveness of videos and flipbooks about physical activity on the knowledge of USU FKM students. Method. The research design used was a Quasi Experiment Design research design and a Non-Equivalent Control Group Design research design. Result. This study found that there were differences in the mean values of knowledge in the video and flipbook media groups. Whether or not the dependency value of the two variables is <0.05 which means there is a significant significant relationship to the respondent's knowledge. The mean value of knowledge of respondents who were given intervention through flipbook media was higher than respondents who were given intervention through video media.Conclusion. Flipbooks are more influential than video media on the knowledge and attitudes of USU FKM students regarding physical activity.

AbstrakOrganisasi Kemasyarakatan hadir, tumbuh dan berkembang sejalan dengan sejarah perkembangan bangsa. Dalam sejarah perjuangan kemerdekaan negara Republik Indonesia, Ormas merupakan wadah utama dalam pergerakan kemerdekaan, pada satu sisi, Ormas merupakan sebuah bentuk kebebasan fundamental yang dimiliki oleh setiap individu baik dalam kerangka etika maupun legal, yang dilindungi dan dijamin pelaksanaannya oleh negara. Namun pada sisi lain, pelaksanaan kebebasan fundamental tersebut justru ditengarai memiliki dampak negatif, yakni menabrak batas-batas keajegan dan ketertiban sosial masyarakat Indonesia.Penelitian ini melihat kebijakan pemerintah daerah dalam mengatasi konflik antar organisasi massa. Adapun pokok masalah ini diurai dalam beberapa pertanyaan, yaitu bagaimanakah dinamika konflik antar Ormas yang terjadi dan apa saja faktor penyebabnya, Kebijakan apa saja yang telah keluarkan oleh Pemerintah Daerah dalam rangka pengananan konflik antar Ormas, Bagaimana pengaruh kebijakan Pemda terhadap pengananan konflik antar Ormas.Penelitian ini dianallisis dengan menggunakan teori mobilisasi sumber daya dan analisis circle of conflict, untuk mendapatkan jawaban bagaimana Konflik Ormas yang terjadi di Sumatera Utara dan Jawa tengah (Solo) dan bagaimana penanganan konflik oleh Pemerintah di kedua lokasi tersebut.Penelitian ini menilai bahwa Pemda masih secara parsial menangani potensi konflik antar Ormas. Kebijakan yang ada masih bersifat administratif ketimbang sepenuhnya memberdayakan Ormas dalam mencapai tujuan bersama.Kata kunci: Pemerintah, konflik, OrmasAbstractCivil society organizations present, grow and develop in line with the historical development of the nation. In the history of the struggle for freedom in Indonesia, CSOs are the main container in the independence movement, mass is a form of the fundamental freedoms of every individual in both the ethical and legal framework, which is protected and guaranteed execution by the state. the implementation of the fundamental freedoms it is considered to have a negative impact, namely crashing boundaries and social order of Indonesian society.The research looked at government policy in resolving the conflict between CSOs. As this subject is broken down into several questions, namely how the dynamics of the conflict between CSOs happened and what are the causes, any policy that has been issued by the local government in order from administration of conflict between CSOs, How to influence the Government's policies from administration of conflicts among CSOs.This study in anallisis by using the theory of resource mobilization and the circle of conflict analysis, to get the answer to how conflicts CSOs that happened in North Sumatra and Central Java (Solo) and how to deal with conflict by the Government at both locations.The study assessed that the existing policy is still an administrative nature rather than fully empowering organizations to achieve common goals.Keywords: government, conflict, CBOs

AbstrakOrganisasi Kemasyarakatan hadir, tumbuh dan berkembang sejalan dengan sejarah perkembangan bangsa. Dalam sejarah perjuangan kemerdekaan negara Republik Indonesia, Ormas merupakan wadah utama dalam pergerakan kemerdekaan, pada satu sisi, Ormas merupakan sebuah bentuk kebebasan fundamental yang dimiliki oleh setiap individu baik dalam kerangka etika maupun legal, yang dilindungi dan dijamin pelaksanaannya oleh negara. Namun pada sisi lain, pelaksanaan kebebasan fundamental tersebut justru ditengarai memiliki dampak negatif, yakni menabrak batas-batas keajegan dan ketertiban sosial masyarakat Indonesia.Penelitian ini melihat kebijakan pemerintah daerah dalam mengatasi konflik antar organisasi massa. Adapun pokok masalah ini diurai dalam beberapa pertanyaan, yaitu bagaimanakah dinamika konflik antar Ormas yang terjadi dan apa saja faktor penyebabnya, Kebijakan apa saja yang telah keluarkan oleh Pemerintah Daerah dalam rangka pengananan konflik antar Ormas, Bagaimana pengaruh kebijakan Pemda terhadap pengananan konflik antar Ormas.Penelitian ini dianallisis dengan menggunakan teori mobilisasi sumber daya dan analisis circle of conflict, untuk mendapatkan jawaban bagaimana Konflik Ormas yang terjadi di Sumatera Utara dan Jawa tengah (Solo) dan bagaimana penanganan konflik oleh Pemerintah di kedua lokasi tersebut.Penelitian ini menilai bahwa Pemda masih secara parsial menangani potensi konflik antar Ormas. Kebijakan yang ada masih bersifat administratif ketimbang sepenuhnya memberdayakan Ormas dalam mencapai tujuan bersama.Kata kunci: Pemerintah, konflik, OrmasAbstractCivil society organizations present, grow and develop in line with the historical development of the nation. In the history of the struggle for freedom in Indonesia, CSOs are the main container in the independence movement, mass is a form of the fundamental freedoms of every individual in both the ethical and legal framework, which is protected and guaranteed execution by the state. the implementation of the fundamental freedoms it is considered to have a negative impact, namely crashing boundaries and social order of Indonesian society.The research looked at government policy in resolving the conflict between CSOs. As this subject is broken down into several questions, namely how the dynamics of the conflict between CSOs happened and what are the causes, any policy that has been issued by the local government in order from administration of conflict between CSOs, How to influence the Government's policies from administration of conflicts among CSOs.This study in anallisis by using the theory of resource mobilization and the circle of conflict analysis, to get the answer to how conflicts CSOs that happened in North Sumatra and Central Java (Solo) and how to deal with conflict by the Government at both locations.The study assessed that the existing policy is still an administrative nature rather than fully empowering organizations to achieve common goals.Keywords: government, conflict, CBOs

Background: Breast cancer has the highest prevalence in Indonesia. The objective of the research was to analyze the risk factors which influenced the incidence of breast cancer in women of reproductive age. Subjects and Method: This was a casecontrol study conducted at Dr. Pirngadi Hospital, North Sumatera. The population was all 15-49 year-old breast cancer women. Sample of 42 women of reproductive age with breast cancer and 42 women without breast cancer was selected for this study. The dependent variable was breast cancer. The independent variables were family history of breast cancer, menarche, history of breastfeeding, and history of fibrocystic disease. The data were collected by questionnaire and medical record. The data were analyzed by a multiple logistic regression. Results: History of family with breast cancer (OR= 4.93; 95% CI=1.33 to 18.28), age of menstruation (OR= 8.46; 95% CI=2.34 to 30.64), history of breastfeeding (OR= 8.46; 95% CI= 2.19 to 32.70), and history of fibrocystic disease (OR= 7.12; 95% CI=1.99 to 25.48) were associated with breast cancer. Conclusion: History of family with breast cancer, age of menstruation, history of breastfeeding, and history of fibrocystic disease are associated with breast cancer. Keywords: breast cancer, history of breastfeeding, women of reproductive age Correspondence: Mila Trisna Sari. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sumatera Utara. Email: milatrisnasari@gmail.com. Mobile: 08192100- 173.

<p class="Default" align="center">Abstrak</p><p class="Default">Program Studi Ilmu Perpustakaan di Indonesia merupakan salah satu bidang pendidikan yang sedang berkembang sesuai dengan tuntutan perkembangan teknologi informasi dewasa ini. Sekalipun bidang pendidikan ini sudah cukup tua namun penamaan dan penempatan bidang pendidikan ini pada fakultas tidak sama antara satu Perguruan Tinggi dengan yang lainnya. Profesi pustakawan yang akan dihasilkan dari lulusan bidang pendidikan ilmu perpustakaan, masih merupakan profesi yang tak banyak diminati dibandingkan profesi lainnya. Namun demikian, sejak dibukanya bidang pendidikan ini di UIN Sumatera Utara, minat calon mahasiswa untuk belajar di program studi Ilmu Perpustakaan meningkat dari tahun ke tahun. Karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggali data tentang faktor-faktor yang mendorong mahasiswa memilih program studi Ilmu perpustakaan di Univesitas Islam Negeri Sumatera Utara Medan. Dengan menggunakan tehnik pengumpulan data <em>Focused Group Discussion</em> (FGD), penelitian ini menemukan bahwa ada empat faktor yang mendorong mahasiswa memilih program studi Ilmu Perpustakaan diri sendiri, orangtua, kerabat dan teman. Dalam hal karir, sebagian besar mahasiswa ingin melanjutkan studi untuk mendapatkan peluang kerja menjadi dosen pada Ilmu Perpustakaan. Hambatan-hambatan yang dihadapi oleh mahasiswa meliputi keterbatasan dalam sarana dan prasarana dan keterbatasan kemampuan Bahasa asing. Karena itu, mahasiswa berharap agar program studi melakukan update kurikulum untuk menyesuaikan dengan perkembangan baru dalam ilmu perpustakaan dengan implementasi teknologi informasi dan menyelenggarakan program-program pelatihan dalam bahasa asing dan IT.</p><p class="Default"> </p><p class="Default" align="center"><em>Abstract</em></p><p class="Default"><em>The School of Library and Information Science is one of the growing field of studies in Indonesia. The growth of this school is in line with the recent development of information technology. Although this education has long been in existence in the history, the name and the positioning under certain faculty differs from one university to another. Although study shows that the profession of librarian in Indonesia gains less interest from the society compared to other profession, the interest of student to study at LIS program at UIN Sumatera Utara has been increased since the beginning of its opening. This study aims at investigating factors that determine the students to choose Library and Information Science Department at UIN Sumatera Utara Medan. Using survey and Focused Group Discussion techniques, this study found that there are four factors encouraging students to study at LIS program, they are self- motivation, parents, other family members and friend supports. In terms of career, most students want to pursue their studies to a master degree to obtain better profession in LIS program instead of working as information specialists or librarians. Regarding the obstacles they face during the period of their study at LIS program, students maintain that lack of laboratory and lack of adequate resources in have made their learning difficult. Therefore, they expect for the school to provide more trainings in hard and soft skills, especially in foreign languages and IT while updating the curricula to keep up to date with new trends in LIS. </em></p><p class="Default"><em> </em></p>

Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat di tengah pandemi corona virus disease-19 (COVID-19) sepatutnya di lakukan secara luas, mengingat masih banyak masyarakat yang kurang mematuhi protokol kesehatan dalam rangka mencegah penyebaran COVID-19. Pemerintah Indonesia telah menetapkan langkah-langkah dan upaya pencegahan pandemi COVID-19, salah satunya adalah dengan mensosialisasikan gerakan memakai masker terutama jika berada di tempat umum. Salah satu tempat umum yang berpotensi dalam penyebaran COVID 19 ini adalah pasar dimana di pasar berkumpul masyarakat dari latar belakang yang berbeda-beda dengan kondisi kesehatan yang kita belum ketahui secara pasti. Pasar merupakan tempat untuk melakukan transaksi jual beli dalam memenuhi kebutuhan hidupnya baik kebutuhan primer, sekunder dan tersier. Untuk itu perlu dilakukan sosialisasi untuk pencegahan dengan menggunakan masker bagi pedagang maupun pembeli yang melakukan transaksi jual beli tersebut. Tujuan dari pengabdian ini adalah untuk mencegah dan memutus mata rantai penularan COVID-19 di Pasar Desa Durin Tonggal. Pengabdian pada Masyarakat dilaksanakan dalam bentuk penyuluhan penggunaan masker sekaligus membagikan masker secara gratis kepada pedagang pasar. Metode yang digunakan dalam pelaksanaan pengabdian ini adalah edukasi kepada pedagang pasar dengan menghimbau pentingnya menggunakan masker. Setelah diberikan edukasi dan pembagian masker, pedagang sudah mulai sadar pentingnya penggunaan masker di Pasar

Penerapan Glamping camp sebagai salah satu inovasi pariwisata yang berkelanjutan sudah sewajarnya dilakukan di Provinsi Sumatera Utara. Kegiatan Sosialisasi Glamping camp diperlukan untuk menunjang pariwisata berkelanjutan. Kegiatan ini dilakukan di Sapo Juma Guest House yang terletak di Desa Tongging Kab. Karo dan dihadiri oleh karyawan dan pihak manajemen. Dalam kegiatan ini diadakan pengenalan yang menekankan pada apa, mengapa, dan bagaimana jika glamping camp diterapkan pada hotel yang sekaligus merupakan obyek pariwisata tersebut. Adapun tahapan metode yang digunakan dalam melakukan kegiatan ini adalah persiapan, perencanaan dan pelaksanaan yang dibantu dengan metode yang lebih sederhana, yaitu penyampaian materi, kuis dan diskusi. Hasil yang didapati dari kegiatan tersebut adalah sekitar 92% peserta mengerti definisi glamping camp, sejarah glamping camp serta bagaimana perkembangan bisnis glamping camp di Indonesia. Kemudian, 94% peserta memahami standar perangkat glamping camp dan perbedaan perangkat yang diterapkan pada traditional camping. Kemudian, sekitar 93% peserta dapat mengerti kriteria fasilitas glamping camp yang diperlukan serta konsep atraksi glamping camp sesuai dengan karateristik alam di beberapa daerah di Indonesia. Kesimpulan yang diperoleh dari kegiatan sosialisasi tersebut adalah penerapan glamping camp dapat memaksimalkan potensi yang dimiliki oleh Sapo Juma Guest House. Penerapan glamping camp juga dapat menjadi atraksi wisata yang dapat menawarkan solusi pariwisata berkelanjutan yang ramah lingkungan

The political culture of the community can be seen from the symbols that are used and the actions of the community. The purpose of this study is to describe the Political Culture of the Birmingham Owner Motorcycle Siantar (BOM'S) Community, which accommodates the owners of Birmingham Small Arm (BSA) motorbikes and Siantar’s Pedicabs using Birmingham Small Arm (BSA) motorbikes in the 2018 Sumatra Utara Governor’s Election and the 2019 Presidential Election. The research method uses a qualitative approach with descriptive type, the research location is in Pematangsiantar City. The research informants use in this study is a purposive technique, that is the key informants of the Komisi Pemilihan Umum Daerah (KPUD) of Pematangsiantar City, Badan Pengawas Pemilihan Umum (BAWASLU) of Pematangsiantar City. The main informants are the President, the administrators, and members of the Pematangsiantar City BSA/Birmingham Small Arm Owner Motorcycle (BOM'S) community. Additional informants are political party administrators, namely Partai Indonesia Perjuangan (PDI-P), Partai Demokrat, Partai Amanat Nasional (PAN) of Pematangsiantar City who knowns the political culture and voter’s behavior of the BSA/Birmingham Small Arm Owner Motorcycle (BOM'S) community in Pematangsiantar City during the Governor’s Election and Deputy Governor of Sumatera Utara in 2018 and the Election of Indonesian President and Vice President in 2019. The results Political Culture of the Birmingham Owner Motorcycle Siantar (BOM'S) Community is participant political culture. The Political Culture of the Participants is inseparable from the history of the establishment of the Birmingham Owner Motorcycle Siantar (BOM'S) community which aims to make the Siantar pedicab (Becak) a cultural heritage object and a tourist vehicle in Pematangsiantar City like "TukTuk" in Thailand and “Jeepney” in the Philippines.

Stunting is a form of malnutrition, as a proportion of children under 5 years old whose height is below minus 2 standard deviations based on the WHO Child Growth Standards. The purpose of the study was to determine the relationship of individual child factors with the incidence of stunting of children aged 24-36 months in Serdang Bedagai District, Sumatera Utara Province, Indonesia. This type of research is a case control study. The sample of this study amounted to 120 toddler, namely 60 cases and 60 controls with cluster sampling technique. Data was collected by interview technique using a questionnaire, and stunting data is determined by anthropometric measurements. Data analysis used chi-square test with α = 5%. The result showed that breastfeeding history, birth weight and birth length were related to the incidence of stunting in children aged 24-36 months (p <0,05; OR=2.1). It is suggested that there will be cooperation from various parties in overcoming nutritional problems during pregnancy and breastfeeding periods, such as increasing attention in the first 1000 days of human life, attention to nutrition of pregnant women as prevention of low birth weight and low birth length, which in turn affects stunting, as well as attention increase breastfeeding in infants.

BACKGROUND: Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disease characterized by increased blood sugar levels (BSLs). Elevated BSL was to be reliably measured by measuring the concentration of hemoglobin glycosylate (HbA1C). Chronic hyperglycemia can result in damage to endothelial cells resulting in disruption of vascular hemostasis leading to complications in the form of vascular disorders. Endothelial damage or dysfunction will increase cytokines, one of which is vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), which induces angiogenesis. AIM: In our study we wanted to investigate the correlation between serums VEGF with lipid profile at type 2 diabetes mellitus patients in primary health care in Medan city of North Sumatera, Indonesia. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study conducted at type 2 diabetes mellitus with the cross-sectional analytic method. The inclusion criteria of the samples were all the patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus, both the sexes. Body mass index (BMI), blood pressure, duration of disease, and family history were recorded. The laboratory parameters, including fasting blood sugar, HbA1c, high-density lipoprotein, low-density lipoprotein, triglycerides (TG), and cholesterol, were examined by Paramita Laboratory Clinic and VEGF and hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α, we examined by ELISA methods in the laboratory Medical Faculty, Universitas Sumatera Utara. The data of the samples were processed using a computer with the SPSS program. RESULTS: There was a significant correlation between VEGF and BMI, TG, and HIF-1α. The statistical analysis using correlation test found that there was a significant correlation between VEGF and BMI, TG, HIF-1α _type 2 diabetes mellitus patients (p < 0.005). CONCLUSION: Therefore, our study showed that the correlation between VEGF and lipid profile (TG), BMI, and HIF-1α _was a positive correlation, which showed a directional relationship, if the VEGF level is high then the BMI, TG and HIF-1α _values are also high.

Since early of twentieth century mass media is one of the professional jobs which they done By Minangkabau People, both as journalist or auhtor and publisher. Beside as teacher carier, It seems that the mass media is the professional field that done ealiest of them. Establishing of Minangkabau identity is closely ralated to existence of mass media; with mass media progressing and having dialectic. The intelectual richness of Minangkabau since the early 20th century was known at national level is also not separated from the existence of mass media. Their identity also determained by the mass media; locality, nationalism and globalization influences are processed in mass media to form different Minangkabau world from time to time. This paper presents the establishing of the identiy of Minangkabau people through the mass media on various problem in a historical perspective, mainly after 1950’s. REFERENCES A.A. Navis, 1986. Pasang Surut Pengusaha Pejuang: Otobiografi Hasjim Ning, Jakarta: Grafiti Pers. Abrar Yusra, 1994. Otobiografi A.A. Navis Satiris dan Suara Kritis dari daerah, Jakarta: Gramedia Pustaka Utama. Abrar Yusra, ed., 1997. Tokoh yang Berhati Rakyat: Biografi Harun Zain, Jakarta: Gebu Minang. Abrar Yusra et. al, 2016. Bung Nasrul Siddik, Jakarta: Teras Cajrawala Ilmu. Abrar Yusra, 2009. H. Basril Djabar Sahabat Kita, Padang: Genta Singgalang Press. Abrar Yusra, ed. 2009. Sekali di Daerah tetap di Daerah: Otobiografi H. Basril DJabar Sebagaimana Dituturkan kepada Abrar Yusra, Padang: Genta Singgalang Press. Azyumardi Azra, 2003. Surau Pendidikan Islam Tradisional dalam Transisi dan Modernisasi, Yogyakarta: Logos. Anderson, B, 2001. Imagined Commuunity: Komunitas-Komunitas Terbayang, Yogyakarta: Insist. Feith, Herbert, & Lance Castles, ed., 1988.. Pemikiran Politik Indonesia 1945-1965, Jakarta: LP3ES Grave, E.E. 2007. Asal-Usul Elite Minangkabau Moderen Respons TerhadapKolonial Belanda Abad XIX/XX, Jakarta: YOI. Halida Hanum, 1993. Surat Kabar Aman Makmur 1963-1971, thesis Degree, Faculty of Letters, Andalas University. Hasril Chaniago & Khairul Jasmi, 1998. Brigadir Jenderal Polisi Kaharoedin Datuk Rangkayo Basa, Jakarta: Sinar Harapan. Harian Haluan, 1970-2017. Harian Singgalang 1969-2017. Jansson, David R, 2003. “American National Identity and The Progress of the New South in National”, Geographical Review; 93 (3) p. 350 Kasoema, 1958. Persuratkabaran di Sumatera Tengah in Kenangan Sekilas Sejarah Perdjuangan Pers Sebangsa, Jakarta: SPS. Labeș, Sebastian Andrei, n.y. “Globalization and Cultural Identity Dilemas”, CES Working Papers – Volume VI, Issue 1 Loeb, Edwin M., 1972. Sumatra Its History and People, Kualalumpur-Jakarta: Oxford University Press. Maryn, L John and Anju Chaudary, 1997. Sistem Media Massa Suatu Perbandingan, Kualalumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka. M.D. Mansoer, et.al. 1970. Sedjarah Minangkabau, Jakarta: Bhratara. Mohammad Hatta, 1960. Demokrasi Kita, Jakarta: Pustaka Antara P.T. Oman Fahurrahman, 2008. Tarekat Syatariyah di Minangkabau, Jakarta: Prenada Media Group-EFEO-KITLV. Perret, Daniel, 2010. Kolonialisme dan Etnisitas: Batak dan Melayu di Sumatera Timur, Jakarta: KPG-EFEO-P3AN. Usman Pelly, 1998. Urbanisasi dan Adaptasi Peranan Misi Budaya Minangkabau dan Mandailing, Jakarta: LP3ES. Saafroedin Bahar, 2015. Etnik, Elite dan Integrasi Nasional : Minangkabau 1945-1984, Republik Indonesia 1985-2015, Yogyakarta: Gre Publishing. Sen, Amartya, Ed. 2007. Peace and Democratic Society, Open Book Publishers. Katić, Mario, Nataša Gregorič Bon, John Eade, 2017.”Landscape and heritage Interplay:Spatial and temporal explorations” pp. 5-18 in Anthropological Notebooks, XXIII/3, Taufik Abdullah, “Modernization in the Minangkabau world: West Sumatera in Early Decades of theTwentieth Century” in Claire Holt, Culture and Politic in Indonesia, Singapore: Equinox Publishing PTE LTD, 2007. Taufik Abdullah, 2018. Sekolah dan Politik: Pergerakan Kaum Muda di Sumatera Barat 1927-1933, Yogyakarta: Suara Muhammadyah. Wannofri Samry,2013. "Penerbitan Akhbar dan Majalah di Sumatera Utara 1902-1942: Proses perjuangan Identiti dan Nasionalisme. Disertasi PhD, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia. Wannofri Samry, 2011. "Medan Press: National Identity Finding Process ", Historia Vol. XII, no. 1 Wannofri Samry, 2012. "Ideas and Activities of Journalists of Minangkabau Women in the Dutch Colonial Period", Jebat: Malaysian Journal of History, Politics and Strategic Studies, 39 (2).

Everyone knows that living in this world we as a human individual have needs. According to (Grawe,2007, p.169) “The goal a person forms during his or her life ultimately serve the satisfaction of basic needs”. Currently in Indonesia, there are many companies and business that allows people to earn money. One of the various industries that produces a lot of earnings is the food and beverage service industry. Food and beverage services can be defined as the process of preparing and serving food and beverage to the customers. Additionally, currently a particular F&B service is on the rise in Indonesia, Coffeeshops, the number of coffeeshops in Indonesia has kept on growing and it can notably be seen by looking at various coffeeshops located everywhere in the past few years. A coffeeshop named Yakun Kaya Toast however, does belong to the coffeeshop industry but does not “really” belong in this category. Yakun Kaya Toast’s history was that in the year 1926 a young boy named Loi Ah Koon set sail from Hainan Island to Singapore, knowing nobody there he naturally joined a Hainanese community there he then was introduced to work as an assistant in a Hainanese coffee stall. This study aims to analyze how marketing mix can help customer purchasing decision in , the Yakun Kaya Toast located in Jl. Iskandar Muda No.109, Sei Sikambing D, Kec. Medan Petisah, Kota Medan, Sumatera Utara 20111.The sample used in this study is 110 respondents. For processing and analyzing data in this study, namely by using AMOS version 22.0 as software for data processing. This study has four hypotheses and all of them have significant results

<div><div><p class="Els-history-head">Drug abuse is a problem that affects almost every country in the world including Indonesia. In the long term, it has the potential to disrupt competitiveness, weaken national resilience, and can hinder the progress of a nation. North Sumatra is a province that has the highest prevalence of drug abusers in Indonesia, which none of the villages in this Province is free from drug abuse. The North Sumatera Province also has the highest number of drug abusers undergoing rehabilitation at the BNN Rehabilitation Center. The use of geospatial technology can help understand the phenomenon of drug abuse by area or spatial. One of the geospatial technology that commonly uses is the Geographic Information System (GIS). This study aims to show that GIS can be used in mapping drug-prone areas in North Sumatra based on North Sumatran people undergoing drug rehabilitation. The method used is a retrospective based on secondary data and spatial statistics in GIS. The environment prone to drug abuse based on the number of people undergoing drug rehabilitation at the BNN Rehabilitation Center from North Sumatra is divided into 3 zones based on the number of clients distributed in BNN Rehabilitation Center, namely red, yellow and green. Red zone 3 cities/districts namely Deli Serdang, Medan, and Binjai with 9 sub-districts namely Percut Sei Tuan, Medan Amplas, Medan Helvetia, Medan Tembung, Medan Perjuangan, Binjai Utara, Medan Sunggal, Medan Johor, Medan Timur. The yellow area has 25 districts, the green area is 103 districts. In a conclusion, the Geographic Information System (GIS) is a technology that can be used to map drug-prone areas.</p></div></div>

The essential oil of the nutmeg plant (Myristica fragrans Houtt) has been obtained from roots, bark, fruit, mace and seeds using Stahl steam distillation. Each essential oil have tested for antioxidant activity with DPPH. Antioxidant activity of essential oil from each nutmeg plant to DPPH with concentration 25, 50 and 100 ppm. Each essential oil did not show strong antioxidant activity but the result of nutmeg isolation had strong antioxidant activity with IC50 that was 80,555 ppm. Based on GC-MS analysis of essential oil of nutmeg isolate obtained myristicin compound with 96.52% area and time Retention 22.127. Myristicin is one of the main components of essential oils of nutmeg plants that play an important role as antioxidants. Keywords: Nutmeg plant (Myristica fragrans Houtt), Essential Oil, DPPH, Antioxidant radicalsREFERENCES Suryanti, Siti. 2014. Metabolit Sekunder Pada Tanaman dan Fungsinya. http://seputarduniasains.blogspot.com Diakses tanggal 2 juni 2015. Gupta, A. D., Bansal, V. K., Babu, V., Maithil, N. 2013. Chemistry, antioxidant and antimicrobial potential of nutmeg (Myristica fregrans Houtt) Journal of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnologyh 11:25-31. Rodianawati, I., Hastuti, P., Cahyanto, M. N. 2015. Nutmeg’s (Myristica fragrans Houtt) Oleoresin: Effect of Heating to Chemical Compositions and Antifungal Properties Procedia Food Science 3:244-254. Masyithah, Z. 2006. Pengaruh Volume dan Konsentrasi Pelarut pada Isolasi Trimiristin dari Limbah Buah Pala Jurnal Teknologi Proses 5(1) Januari; 64-67. Wibowo, S dan Komarayati, S. 2015. Sifat Fisiko Kimia Minyak Cupresus (Cupressus benthamii) Asal Aek Nauli, Parapat Sumatera Utara Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan 33 (2) Juni 2015: 93-103. Nurdjannah, N. 2007. Teknologi Pengolahan Pala. Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pertanian. Bogor. Hellen, M, Vargheese, T.N, Kumari, J, Abiramy, Sajina, Sree, J, 2012, Phytochemical Analysis and Anticancer Activity of Essential Oil From Myristica fragrans, International Journal of Current Pharmaceutical Review and Research. Chatterjee, S, Zareena Niaz, S. Gautam, Soumyakanti Adhikari, Prasad S. Variyar, Arun Sharma, 2007, Antioxidant Activity of Some Phenolic Constituents from Green Pepper (Piper nigrum L.) and Fresh Nutmeg Mace (Myristica fragrans) J. Food Chemistry 101, 515–523. Sulaiman, S. F and Kheng, L. O. 2012. Antioxidant and anti food-borne bacterial activities of extracts from leaf and different fruit parts of Myristica fragrans Houtt. Food Control 25:533-536.Akinboro, A, Kamaruzzaman, M. B, Asmawi, M. Z, Sulaiman, S. F, Sofiman, O. H. 2011. Antioxidans in Aqueous extract of Mirystica fragrans (Houtt) Suppress Mitosis and Cyclophosphamide-induce chromosomal aberrations in Allium cepa L. Cells, Journal of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE B (Biomedicine & Biotechnology). ISSN 1673-1581 (Print); ISSN 1862-1783 (Online).www.zju.edu.cn/jzus; www.springerlink.comGinting, B., 2013, Aktifitas Antifungi Ektrak Daun Pala (Mirystica fragrans Houtt), Prosiding Seminar Nasional Kimia tahun 2013. Ginting, B, T. Barus, P, Simanjuntak, L. marpaung., 2013, Isolasi dan Sifat Antioksidan Total Flavonoid Daun Pala (Mirystica fragrans Houtt), Prosiding Seminar Nasional Kimia, Samarinda Ginting, B, T. Barus, P, Simanjuntak, L. marpaung.,2013, Isolasi dan Dan Penentuan Aktivitas Antioksidan Total Alkaloid Daun Pala (Mirystica fragrans Houtt), Prosiding Seminar Nasional Yusuf Banseh Ginting, B, T. Barus, P, Simanjuntak, L. marpaung., 2016, Isolation and Identification of Flavonoid Compound from Nutmeg Leaves (Mirystica fragrans Houtt), Asian Journal Of Chemistry. Ginting, B., Mustanir., Helwati, H., Desiyana, L. S., Eralisa, Mujahid, R. 2017. Antioxidant Activity Of N-Hexane Extract Of Nutmeg Plants From South Aceh Province. Jurnal Natural 17(1) Ramaswany, V. N., Varghese, A., Simon. 2011. An Investigation on Cytotoxic Ternatea L International Journal of Drug Discovery 3: 74-77. ISSN : 0975-4423. Guenther, E. 1987. Minyak Atsiri Jilid 1, terjemahan dari: Essensial oil. Penerjemah: Ketaren S, Universitas Indonesia Press, Jakarta.Harborne, J.B. 1987. Metode Fitokimia: Penentuan Cara Moderen Menganalisa Tumbuhan. Terjemahan dari Phytochemical Methods oleh Kosasih Padmawinata. ITB. Bandung.Sipahelut, S. G. 2012. Karakteristik Minyak Daging Buah Pala (Myristica fragrans Houtt) Melalui Beberapa Cara Pengeringan Dan Distilasi Journal Agroforestri 7(1) Maret 2012.Andini, V., Gupta, S., Chatterejee, S., Variyar, P.S and Sharma, A. 2015. Activity Guided Characterization of Antioxidant Components from Essential Oil of Nutmeg (Myristica fragrans). Vol 52; 221-230.Nagja, T., Vimal, K, Sanjeev, A. 2015. Myristica fragrans: A Comprehensive Review International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences 8 (2).Isnindar., Wahyuono, S., Setyowati, E.P. 2011. Isolasi dan Identifikasi Senyawa Antioksidan Daun Kesemek (Diospyros kaki Thunb.) dengan Metode DPPH (2,2-difenil-1-pikrilhidrazil). Majalah Obat Tradisional. 16(3), 157-164.Ramy, M., Fayed, S.A and Mahmoud, G.I. 2010. Chemical Compositions, Antiviral and Activities of Seven Essential Oils. Journal of Applied Sciences Research. 6(1); 50-62.Indriaty, F., Assah, Y., Mamahani, S.N. 2015. Serbuk minuman berbasis daging buah pala. Baristand. Manado.Morita, T., Jinni, K., Kawagishi, H., Arimoto, Y., Suganuma, H., Inakuma, T, and Sigiyama, K. 2003. Hepatoprotective Effect or Myristicin from Nutmeg (Myristica fragrans) on Lipopolisaccaride/d-galactosamine-induced Liver Injury. J. Agric. Food Chem. 15(6):1.560-1.565.Syarifuddin, I., Kaimudin, M., Torry, R.F., dan Biantoro, R. 2014. 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Background: Ischemic heart disease is one of the interrelated disease amongst cardiovascular disease group. Pathophysiological model of ischemic heart disease and myocardial ischemia are caused by obstructive atherosclerotic plaque, which involves the narrowing of small blood vessels that oxygenate the heart muscle by the build-up of plaque. Diet plays an important role in ischemic heart disease. Copper, an essential trace metal micronutrient, is required for myocardial angiogenesis action. Copper deficiency leads to cardiac mitochondrial structural defect and interference in oxidative phosphorylation. Aims: This study aims to examine the association between blood copper levels amd the incidence of ischemic heart disease. Methods: A total of 30 patients in cardiovascular clinic in Universitas Sumatera Utara Hospital in Medan, Indonesia from September 2021 until January 2022 were included in this cross-sectional study, with descriptive analytics. Demographic data, smoking behavior, supplement consumption, anthropometry measurements, body mass index, medical history were collected. Food frequency questionnaire (semiquantitative FFQ) was used to obtain food recall data. Blood level of copper were analysed in Prodia Clinical Laboratory. Results: Out of 30 patients in this study, 70% were male with a mean age of 60.6 years old. Research subjects who had risk factor of smoking were as much as 33.3%. Comorbidities such as dyslipidemia and diabetes mellitus were apparent, which were 63.3% and 30%, respectively. Sixty percent of the subjects were sedentary with mean body mass index 25.9 kg/m2. Median level of copper consumed daily was 1400 mcg/day and mean blood copper level was 1034,5 mg/L. Based on the blood copper level analysis of the subjects, we found an insignificant negative correlation between blood copper level with the incidence of ischemic heart disease (r = -0.050; p <0.795). Conclusion: This study found no association between blood copper levels and the incidence of ischemic heart disease.

BACKGROUND: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is becoming increasingly prevalent worldwide. Malignancy is one of the most common causes of death in the world. T2DM is one of the risk factors for malignancy. This is caused by an increase in blood glucose levels (hyperglycemia) which will cause tissue hypoxia which can lead to malignancy. The cell adaptation response to hypoxia is relaxed by a marker called hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1α), where a condition converts hyperglycemia to a loss of cellular response to hypoxia in most complications of diabetes. AIM: The aim of this study was to determine level HIF-1α at T2DM with malignancy, where this study used the samples of the T2DM patients with malignancy and T2DM without malignancy. METHODS: The cross-sectional study design used the 89 samples of DM patients with and without malignancy who attended Murni Teguh Hospital in Medan of Indonesia country. The inclusion criteria of the samples were all the patients diagnosed with T2DM with or without malignancy, both the sexes. Body mass index, blood pressure, disease history, and socioeconomic status were recorded. The laboratory parameters, including fasting blood sugar (FBS) and HbA1c, were examined by Murni Teguh Hospital Laboratory and HIF-1α; we examined by ELISA methods in the laboratory Medical Faculty, Sumatera Utara Universitas. RESULTS: In this study, we found that there was no significant correlation between HIF-1α with FBS and HbA1c (p > 0.005), but we found that there was a significant correlation HbA1c with FBS (p < 0.005). CONCLUSION: The results of the study revealed HIF-1α at the both of the group of the samples even in the relative small amounts until a large amounts in the serum, but we found that there was no correlation significantly between HIF-1α and glycemic index (HbA1c and FBS), while there was correlation significantly between Hba1c and FBS.

<p><strong>Abstrak:</strong> Penelitian ini menganalisis tesis/disertasi tentang sejarah pendidikan Islam yang diajukan ke Pascasarjana UIN SU Medan. Penelitian menyimpulkan bahawa alasan utama memilih tema sejarah pendidikan Islam adalah kekaguman akan capaian masa lalu dan keyakinan kuat bahwa sejarah relevan terhadap pendidikan Islam masa sekarang. Mayoritas tesis/disertasi adalah tentang topik pendidikan Islam modern (69.4%) dalam setting Indonesia (66.7%) dengan topik yang paling populer adalah lembaga pendidikan Islam (44.4%). Mayoritas tesis/disertasi (69.5%) telah menggunakan metode sejarah secara konsisten, dengan referensi paling banyak adalah Kuntowijoyo dan Dudung Abdurrahman. Mayoritas mutlak (80.5%) telah merujuk kepada sumber-sumber primer dalam pengumpulan data sejarah. Meskipun semua sepakat tentang relevansi sejarah, hanya 10% tesis/disertasi yang secara khusus menjelaskan relevansi penelitiannya terhadap pendidikan Islam kontemporer, itu pun masih pada tataran teoretis. Karenanya, pemanfaatan temuan dari tesis/disertasi tersebut secara praktis masih memerlukan langkah lanjutan, yakni melalui proses <em>modeling </em>atau eksperimentasi.</p><p><strong>Abstract:</strong> <strong>The History of Islamic Education as a Theme for Student's Final Thesis at Postgraduate Level of Universitas Islam Negeri Sumatera Utara.</strong> This study surveys theses on history of Islamic education, submitted to Graduate Studies State Islamic University Medan both for master and doctorate levels. The study concludes that the main reasons to study the topic are admiration of past achievements and strong belief in its relevance to contemporary Islamic education. The majority of the theses concentrate on modern time topics (69.4%) of Indonesian Islamic education (66.7%) with the most popular topic being Islamic education institutions (44.4%). The majority of the theses (69.5%) have consistently used historical method. The most frequently cited works on historical methodology are those of Kuntowijoyo and Dudung Abdurrahman. An absolute majority (80.5%) of the theses refers to primary sources related to their topics. Despite expressive believe in the relevance of history, only 10% of the theses allocate special segment to explain the relevance of their study findings, albeit in rather theoretical tones. As such efforts are needed to further use these study findings into a more practical ways, probably through modeling and experimentation.</p><p><strong>Keywords:</strong> history, Islamic education, post graduate</p>

Abstract: This study aims to compare literacy produced by scholars from two major Islamic organizations in Indonesia, namely Al-Jami'atul Washliyah in North Sumatra and Nadhlatul Wathan in West Nusa Tenggara. A comparative study was conducted by looking at various books, kitab, and written works produced by the scholars of these two organizations. This is a field study using qualitative method. Sources of data in this study came from the results of observations, interviews, and literature study. The author's observations were conducted in Medan and Mataram as the main bases of these two organizations. Then the author interviewed the scholars who produced various scientific papers, especially those from the New Order and Reformation era. The author also conducted direct observations of books, kitab or other works of the scholars of these two organizations, journals, and other scientific works related to the research theme. As a result, scholars from these two organizations have produced various works, some of which were written during the New Order and Reformation eras. These works are closely related to the value of Islamic and nationality.اﻟﻤﻠﺨﺺ: تهدف هذه الدراسة إلى مقارنة الأدبيات المختلفة التي أنتجها باحثون من منظمتين إسلاميتين رئيسيتين في إندونيسيا وهما الجمعية الوشلية ومقرها شمال سومطرة ونظرة ووثان ومقرها في نوسا تنجارا الغربية. تتم المقارنة بين المؤلفين من خلال النظر في مختلف الكتب والكتب والأعمال المكتوبة التي أنتجها علماء هاتين المنظمتين. يتم تضمين هذا البحث في البحث الميداني باستخدام طرق البحث النوعي في عملية الكتابة. جاءت مصادر البيانات في هذه الدراسة من نتائج الملاحظات والمقابلات ودراسة الأدب. تم تقديم ملاحظات المؤلف في ميدان ومطارام كأساس رئيسي لهاتين المنظمتين. ثم أجرى المؤلف مقابلات مباشرة مع العلماء الذين أنتجوا أوراقًا علمية مختلفة ، وخاصة تلك التي تنتمي إلى عصر النظام الجديد والإصلاح. في حين أن الأدب يدرس المؤلف بإجراء ملاحظات مباشرة على الكتب أو الكتب أو غيرها من أعمال علماء هاتين المنظمتين ، مقترنة بالبحث عن مصادر أخرى في شكل كتب ومجلات وغيرها من الأعمال العلمية المتعلقة بالبحث سمة. أنتج علماء من هاتين المنظمتين أعمالًا مختلفة ، بعضها كتب خلال عصور النظام الجديد والإصلاح. ترتبط هذه الأعمال ارتباطًا وثيقًا بالقيم الإسلامية والإندونيسية.Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan berbagai literasi yang dihasilkan oleh para ulama yang berasal dari dua organisasi keislaman besar yang ada di Indonesia, yaitu Al-Jami’atul Washliyah yang berpusat di Sumatera Utara dan Nadhlatul Wathan yang berpusat di Nusa Tenggara Barat. Perbandingan penulis lakukan dengan melihat berbagai buku, kitab, dan karya tulis yang dihasilkan oleh para ulama dari kedua organisasi ini. Penelitian ini termasuk ke dalam penelitian lapangan (field research) dengan menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif di dalam proses penulisannya. Sumber data dalam penelitian ini berasal dari hasil observasi, wawancara, dan studi kepustakaan. Observasi penulis lakukan di Medan dan Mataram sebagai basis utama dari kedua organisasi ini. Kemudian wawancara penulis lakukan langsung dengan para ulama yang menghasilkan berbagai karya tulis ilmiah, terutama yang berasal dari masa Orde Baru dan Reformasi. Sementara studi kepustakaan penulis lakukan dengan melakukan pengamatan langsung terhadap kitab, buku, atau karya lainnya dari para ulama kedua organisasi ini, ditambah dengan pencarian sumber lainnya berupa buku, jurnal, serta karya ilmiah lainnya yang berkaitan dengan tema penelitian. Ulama-ulama yang berasal dari kedua organisasi ini telah menghasilkan berbagai karya, di antaranya ditulis pada masa Orde Baru dan Reformasi. Karya-karya tersebut sangat erat kaitannya dengan nilai-nilai keislaman serta keindonesiaan.

This creation research formulates the struggle of Boru Lopian son of Sisingamangaraja XII against Dutch colonialism. In addition to seeing as the figure of the son of King Sisingamangaraja XII, the research is also directed at the story of Boru Lopian who is famous for his courage when dealing with the invaders. Even though he comes from an honorable lineage, Boru Lopian is never arrogant and arrogant. Unfortunately, this humanist figure also died in the guerrilla against the Dutch colonialists. The final result of the research is a Batak opera performance with the title, Sisingamangaraja XII episode Boru Lopian, Uluporang Tano Batak. The process of performing Batak opera begins with the creation of a Batak opera script obtained based on research on Boru Lopian. Then packed with some elements of modern theater without leaving the inherent traditional values. This combination was deliberately chosen as part of the stages towards the novelty of the arable concept (innovation). The research method of creation is done through observation, research and interviews with community leaders. The arrangement of the story of the Batak opera Sisingamangaraja XII episode of Boru Lopian, Uluporang Tano Batak is a reorganization of a history. Which of course undergoes several changes, from the actual story to a story that is 'spiced up' with the present context. This is done in order to become familiar with the audience. The authenticity of traditional Batak opera forms is combined with artistic elements of modern theater so that the atmosphere and setting of the event becomes contextual. The goal is to facilitate the presence of building elements, artifacts, past events that are impossible to present simultaneously on the current stage. The structure in the Batak opera Sisingamangaraja XII episode Boru Lopian, Uluporang Tano Batak has similarities with the two previous Batak opera performances. Because it was designed for three opera performances of Batak Sisingamangaraja XII.Keywords: Boru Lopian, perspective, opera Batak. AbstrakPenelitian penciptaan ini merumuskan perjuangan Boru Lopian anak Sisingamangaraja XII dalam melawan penjajahan Belanda. Selain melihat sebagai sosok anak Raja Sisingamangaraja XII, penelitian juga diarahkan pada kisah Boru Lopian yang terkenal akan keberaniaannya saat berhadapan dengan para penjajah. Walaupun berasal dari keturunan terhormat, Boru Lopian tidak pernah sombong dan tinggi hati. Sayangnya sosok yang humanis ini turut tewas dalam gerilya melawan penjajah Belanda. Hasil akhir dari penelitian adalah, pertunjukan opera Batak dengan judul, Sisingamangaraja XII episode Boru Lopian, Uluporang Tano Batak. Proses pertunjukan opera Batak didiawali dengan pembuatan naskah opera Batak yang didapatkan berdasarkan riset tentang Boru Lopian. Kemudian dikemas dengan beberapa unsur-unsur teater modern tanpa meninggalkan nilai-nilai tradisi yang melekat. Perpaduan ini sengaja dipilih sebagai bagian dari tahapan menuju kebaruan dari konsep garapan (inovasi). Metode penelitian penciptaan dilakukan melalui observasi, riset dan wawancara dengan tokoh masyarakat. Penataan cerita opera Batak Sisingamangaraja XII episode Boru Lopian, Uluporang Tano Batak ini merupakan penataan ulang sebuah sejarah. Yang didalamnya tentunya mengalami beberapa perubahan, dari cerita yang sebenarnya menjadi cerita yang ‘dibumbui’ dengan konteks kekinian. Hal ini dilakukan agar menjadi akrab dengan penonton. Keaslian bentuk opera Batak tradisi dipadukan dengan elemen-elemen artistik teater modern agar suasana dan latar peristiwa menjadi kontekstual. Tujuannya untuk mempermudah hadirnya unsur bangunan, artefak, peristiwa masa lalu yang tidak mungkin dihadirkan secara bersamaan diatas panggung saat ini. Struktur dalam opera Batak Sisingamangaraja XII episode Boru Lopian, Uluporang Tano Batak memiliki kesamaan dengan dua pertunjukan opera Batak sebelumnya. Karena dirancang untuk tiga pertunjukan opera Batak Sisingamangaraja XII.Kata Kunci: Boru Lopian, perspektif, opera Batak. Authors: Rosta Minawati : Institut Seni Indonesia PadangpanjangEnrico Alamo : Institut Seni Indonesia PadangpanjangSherli Novalinda : Institut Seni Indonesia PadangpanjangSulaiman Juned : Institut Seni Indonesia Padangpanjang References: Alamo, E., Eliza,M., Syailillah, G. (2020). Makna dan Fungsi Ulos Pada Pusat Latihan Opera Batak (PLOt) Pematang Siantar Di Pematang Siantar Sumatera Utara. Gorga: Jurnal Seni Rupa, 10(1), 94. https://doi.org/10.24114/gr.v10i1.24824Alamo, E., Minawati, R., Sulaiman, S., & Novalinda, S. (2020). Opera Batak Sisingamangaraja XII Episode Ugamo Malim Horja Bolon Na Parpudi: Usungan Tradisi dan Kontemporer. Dance and Theatre Review. Jurnal Tari, Teater, dan Wayang, 3(2), 59.Alamo, E.,(2014). Sampuraga Penciptaan Opera Batak. Ekspresi Seni: Jurnal Pengetahuan dan Seni, 16(1),1.Guntur. (2016). Metode Penelitian Artistik. Surakarta: ISI Press.Hariwijaya, M. (2007). Metodologi dan Tehnik Penulisan Skripsi, Tesis, dan Disertasi. Jakarta: Elmatera Publishing.Joel, M. Charon. Eighth Edition (2012) Ten Questions: A Sociological Perspective. USA: Cengage Learning.Moleong, Lexy J. (2000). Metodologi Penelitian Kualitatif. Bandung: Remaja Rosdakarya.Martono, Nanang. (2012) Sosiologi Perubahan Sosial: Perspektif Klasik, Modern, Posmodern, dan Poskolonial. Jakarta: Raja Grafindo Persada.Pavis, Patrice. (1990). Theatre at The Crossroad of Culture. London and New York: Transl. Loren Kruger.Purba, Krismus. (2010). Opera Batak Tilhang Serindo: Pengikat Budaya Masyarakat Batak Toba di Jakarta.Yogyakarta: Kalika Bantul.Sulaiman, S., Minawati, R., Alamo, E., & Novalinda, S. (2019). Analisis Struktur Pertunjukan Opera Batak Sisingamangaraja XII: Episode Tongtang I Tano Batak. Panggung Bandung: Jurnal Seni Budaya, 29(2),160.Sumaatmadja dan Winardit. (1999). Perspektif Global. Jakarta: UT.Sutopo, H.B. (2006). Metodologi Penelitian Kualitatif Dasar Teori dan Terapannya dalam Penelitian. Surakarta: UNS Press.Yudiaryani. (2002). Panggung Teater Dunia, Perkembangan dan PerubahanKonvensi Seni Teater. Yogyakarta: Pustaka Gondo Suli.

The ability to disclose fraud essential to researched due to problems in the field. In Indonesia, there have been some cases where the company experienced massive losses because the auditors were not able to reveal the fraud. The purpose of this study was to analyze the influence of experience, audit fee, professionalism, and independence of auditors against the ability to disclose fraud. Fraud is an irregularity or unlawful act for the benefit of personal / group interests, either directly or indirectly detrimental to another party. According to the Indonesian Institute of Accountants (IAI) fraud is misstatement or loss of amount or disclosure in intentional financial statements. The result of the research shows that auditors experience variable with value of sig 0,011 has a positive influence on the ability to disclose fraud. The auditor audit fee variable with the value of sig 0,007 has a positive influence on the ability to disclose fraud. Keywords : Auditors experience, audit fee, professionalism, independence, the ability to disclose fraud References: https://www.wartaekonomi.co.id/read145257/ketika-skandal-fraud-akuntansi-menerpa-british-telecom-dan- pwc.html https://economy.okezone.com/read/2019/06/28/320/2072245/kronologi-kasus-laporan-keuangan-garuda- indonesia-hingga-kena-sanksi Agustina, R. D., & Pratomo, D. (2019). Pengaruh Fraud Pentagon Dalam Mendeteksi Kecurangan Pelaporan Keuangan. Jurnal Ilmiah Manajemen, Ekonomi, & Akuntansi (MEA), 3(1), 44–62. https://doi.org/10.31955/mea.vol3.iss1.pp44-62 Anggriawan. (2014). Pengaruh Pengalaman Kerja Skeptisme Profesional dan Tekanan Waktu Terhadap Kemampuan Aufitor Dalam Mendeteksi Fraud ( Studi Empiris Pada Kantor Akuntan Publik Di Diy) Eko. III. Arens, A. A., Elder, R. J., & Beasley, M. S. (2014). Auditing & Jasa Assurance. Aulia. (2013). Pengaruh Pengalaman Indepenensi Dan Skeptisme Profesional Auditor Terhadap Pendeteksi Kecurangan. (206082004000). Biksa, I. A. I., & Wiratmaja, I. D. N. (2016). Pengaruh Pengalaman, Independensi, Skeptisme Profesional Auditor pada pendeteksian kecurangan. E-Jurnal Akuntansi Universitas Udayana, 17(3), 2384–2415. Boynton, W. C. (2004). Modern Auditing (7th ed.). Bowerman, et al (2017). Business Statistics In Practice (8th ed). Carolita, M. K., & Rahardjo, S. N. (2012). Pengaruh Pengalaman Kerja, Independensi, Objektifitas, Integritas, Kompetensi, dan Komitmen Organisasi Terhadap Kualitas Hasil Audit. (Studi Pada Kantor Akuntan Publik di Semarang). 1(2002), 1–11. Christiawan, Y. J. (2002). Kompetensi Dan Independensi Akuntan Publik : Refleksi Hasil Penelitian Empiris. Jurnal Akuntansi Dan Keuangan, 4(2), 79–92. https://doi.org/10.9744/jak.4.2.pp.79-92 Cooper, D. R., & Schindler, P. S. (2017). Metode Penelitian Bisnis (12th ed.). Salemba Empat. Fachruddin. (2017). Pengaruh Fee Audit, Pengalaman Kerja,Dan Pengalaman Kerja, Dan Independensi uditor Terhadap Kualitas Audit Pada Kantor Akuntan Publik DI Kota Medan Wan. 3(2), 144–155. George, C. S. (2005). The History of Management Thought. Paperback. Ghozali, I. (2016). Aplikasi Analisis Multivariete (8th ed.). Badan Penerbit Universitas Diponegoro. Hartan, T. H. (2016). Pengaruh Skeptisme Profesional, Independensi dan Kompetensi Terhadap Kemampuan Auditor Mendeteksi Kecurangan (Studi Empiris Pada Inspektorat DIY). Audit. Herliansyah, Y., & Ilyas, M. (2014). Pengaruh Pengalaman Auditor terhadap Penggunaan Bukti Tidak Relevan dalam Auditor Judgement. Simposium Nasional Akuntansi IX, 1–15. Hermawan, A., & Wulandari, R. (2019). Pengaruh Pengalaman Dan Keahlian Terhadap Ketepatan Pemberian Opini Audit Melalui Skeptisisme Profesional Auditor (Studi kasus pada Kantor Akuntan Publik di Jakarta Selatan). Proseding Seminar Nasional Akuntansi, 2(1). Retrieved from http://openjournal.unpam.ac.id/index.php/SNU/article/view/2601/2062 Hutabarat, J. F. (2015). Pengaruh Profesionalisme, Independensi, Kompetensi dan Tanggungjawab Auditor terhadap Kemampuan Auditor dalam Mendeteksi Kecurangan (Survey pada Auditor di Kap Wilayah Sumatera). Jurnal Online Mahasiswa Fakultas Ekonomi Universitas Riau, 2(2), 1–14. Karamoy, H., & Wokas, H. R. N. (2016). Pengaruh Independensi Dan Profesionalisme, Dalam Mendeteksi Fraud Pada Auditor Internal Provinsi Sulawesi Utara. Kristianti. (2017). Tipe Kepribadian, Penerimaan Perilaku Disfungsional Dan Keputusan Audit. Jurnal Economia, 13(1), 28. https://doi.org/10.21831/economia.v13i1.10906 Melati, L. (2017). Pengaruh Narsisme Klien, Audit Fee, Independensi, Skeptisme Profesional, Dan Interlock Auditor Eksternal Terhadap Audit Judgement Dalam Pendeteksian Kecurangan Laporan Keuangan (Studi Kasus Pada Kap Di Manado). Going Concern : Jurnal Riset Akuntansi, 12(2), 594–604. https://doi.org/10.32400/gc.12.2.17977.2017 Mulyadi. (1998). Auditing (5th ed.; S. T. I. E. YKPN, ed.). Salemba Empat. Nasution, H., & Fitriani. (2012). Pengaruh Beban Kerja, Pengalaman Audit dan Tipe Kepribadian Terhadap Skeptisme Profesional dan Kemampuan Auditor Dalam Mendeteksi Kecurangan. Audit, 69(2), 283–291. Nurgiyantoro, B., Gunawan, & Marzuki. (2002). Statistik Terapan. Universitas Gadjah Mada. Pangestika, R. (2014). Pengaruh Independensi Dan Efektivitas Komite Audit Terhadap Manajemen Laba (Studi Empiris pada Perusahaan Manufaktur yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia Tahun 2010 – 2012). Jurnal Telaah Dan Riset Akuntansi, 7(2), 131–141. Pratomo. (2017). Pengalaman Auditor Aparat Pengawas Intern Pemerintah ( Apip ) Terhadap Pendeteksian Fraud Dengan Skeptisisme Profesional Sebagai Variabel Intervening Pada Perwakilan Bpkp Provinsi. (60), 67– 83. Putri, F. P. (2015). Pengaruh Pengetahuan, Pengalaman Auditor, Kompleksitas Tugas, Locus of Control, dan Tekanan Ketaatan Terhadap Audit Judgement (Studi Kasus Pada Perwakilan BPKP Provinsi Riau). Audit, 39(5), 561–563. Rahmayani. (2014). Pengaruh Kemampuan Auditor, Skeptisme Profesional Auditor, Teknik Audit Dan Whistleblower Terhadap Efektivitas Pelaksanaan Audit Investigasi Dalam Pengungkapan Kecurangan (Studi Empiris Pada BPK dan BPKP Perwakilan Provinsi Riau). JOM FEKON, 1(4), 53 Ramadona. (2016). Pengaruh Struktur Kepemilikan Manajerial, Struktur Kepemilikan Institusional, Ukuran Perusahaan Dan Leverage Terhadap Konservatisme Akuntansi (Studi pada Perusahaan Makanan dan Minuman yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia Tahun 2011-2014. 3(1). Sulistyowati. (2014). Pengaruh Pengalaman, Kompetensi, Independensi dan Profesionalisme Auditor Terhadap Pendeteksian Kecurangan. Implementation Science, 39(1), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315853178 Sunyoto, D. (2007). Analisis Regresi dan Korelasi Bivariat. Yogyakarta: Amara Books. Terry, G. R. (2014). Dasar-Dasar Manajemen. Jakarta: Bumi Aksara. Umar, H. (2008). Metode Penelitian Untuk Skripsi dan Tesis Bisnis. PT Rajagrafindo Persada. Widiyastuti, M., & Pamudji, S. (2016). Pengaruh Kompetensi, Independensi, dan Proesionalisme Terhadap Kemampuan Auditor dalam Mendeteksi Kecurangan. Audit, 134(4), 635–646. Windasari, M., & Juliarsa, G. (2016). Pengaruh Kompetensi, Independensi, Dan Profesionalisme Auditor Internal Dalam Mencegah Kecurangan Pada Bpr Di Kabupaten Badung. E-Jurnal Akuntansi, 17(3), 1924–1952. Wiratmaja2, I. A. I. B. I. D. N., & Wiratmaja2, I. A. I. B. I. D. N. (2016). Pengaruh Pengalaman, Indepedensi, Skeptisme Profesional Auditor Pada Pendeteksian Kecurangan. E-Jurnal Akuntansi Universitas Udayana, 19(8), 2059–2067. https://doi.org/10.1016/0032-3950(77)90421-X Wulandari, S. (2014). Analisis Faktor-Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Auditor Dalam Memberikan Opini Audit Going Concern. E-Jurnal Akuntansi, 6(3), 531–558.

<p>Abstrak: Manakala membicarakan tentang proses islamisasi di Indonesia, para ahli akan fokus pada pembahasan tentang Aceh. Pada hal di Sumatera Utara, khususnya di sekitar kota Medan dan Barus banyak dijumpai situs makam kuno yang membuktikan agama Islam sudah lama bertapak di daerah ini. Dengan menganalisis tipologi dan kronologi nisan Aceh dan inskripsi yang terdapat pada batu nisan di Kota Rantang dan Barus, Sumatera Utara diketahui bahwa proses islamisasi di Sumatera Utara sudah terjadi sejak abad ke-13 M. Proses islamisasi itu akhirnya membentuk sebuah komunitas politik bercorak Islam pada abad ke-13 M yakni munculnya Kerajaan Haru di Kota Rantang, Hamparan Perak.</p><p><br />Abstract: Islamization in North Sumatra: A Study of Gravestone in Rantang and Barus Cities. When talking about the process of islamization in Indonesia, many an expert will focus on discussing Aceh. Where as in North Sumatra, especially around the city of Medan and Barus many ancient gravestones found that proves the Islamic religion has long foothold in this area. By analyzing the typology and chronology of Aceh tombstones and inscriptions found in gravestones in the cities of Rantang and Barus, North Sumatra Province is known that the process of islamization in North Sumatra have occurred since the 13th century AD. The process of islamization was eventually formed a political community of Islam in the design of the 13th century AD ie the emergence of the Kingdom of Haru in the Kota Rantang, Hamparan Perak.</p><p><br />Kata Kunci: Islamisasi, tipologi, batu nisan, Kota Rantang, Barus, Kerajaan Aru<br /><br /></p>