Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Barrages – Sélune, la (cours d'eau)'
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Laslier, Marianne. "Suivi des impacts d’un arasement de barrage sur la végétation riveraine par télédétection à très haute résolution spatiale et temporelle." Thesis, Rennes 2, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018REN20037/document.
Rivers are the object of legislation encouraging their restoration, and dam removal operations represent one of the solution to achieve it in France. Riparian vegetation plays a fundamental role in stabilizing and maintaining fluvial systems, being at the interface between terrestrial and aquatic environments. It is therefore a very important component which has to be evaluated in river restoration operations. One of the consequences of dam removal on riparian vegetation is the colonization of the dewatered sediments in the reservoir. The objective of the thesis are to define short term colonization dynamics of vegetation in context of dam removal (Sélune River, Normandy), and to develop long term indicators for the monitoring of riparian vegetation. First, an analysis of intra and interannual colonization dynamics revealed the potential of using drone images to map riparian vegetation, and fast successional dynamics with high passive restoration and sediment stabilization potential. Secondly, the analysis of 3D point clouds extracted from LiDAR data acquired in winter and summer highlighted the complementarity of the two acquisition dates to map indicators of riparian status at large scale, such as main riparian species, shading or density of herbaceous and shrubby strata. These results make it possible to discuss the methodological and operational dimensions of the use of remote sensing approaches for the monitoring of riparian vegetation
Ba, Mouhamadoul Moustapha. "Dynamique des interactions physico-chimiques en zone hyporhéique : influence des crues et de la suppression des barrages." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Rennes (2023-....), 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023URENB076.
In the context of the Selune River in France, where two dams are currently being removed to restore hydro-sedimentary continuity in the river, this thesis aimed at understanding the potential impacts of these changes on the dynamics of the hyporheic zone. This zone, crucial for the reproduction of certain species and economic activities, requires in-depth monitoring. To achieve this, a network of autonomous sensors measuring various physicochemical variables was deployed starting in October 2021, for a duration of 2 years. The methodology of this study is based on the analysis of vertical physicochemical gradients in the riverbed sediments, focusing on oxygen and conductivity. The heterogeneity of permeability was also examined through measurements of electrical conductivity. The results revealed significant spatial variations in bed permeability. Specifically, the impact of sediment transport released by the dam removal was observed, causing a decrease in permeability in certain areas. Regarding dissolved oxygen, local variations were related to infiltration and exfiltration regimes, with temporary decreases due to microbial activity in response to organic matter input. Furthermore, the arrival of sediments in May 2022 led to an extended period of anoxia, with potentially significant consequences for aquatic fauna. This research has contributed to a better understanding of the hyporheic zone and emphasized the significant impact of sediment transport on permeability, oxygen dynamics, and clogging phenomena. It has also opened new perspectives for the analysis of hydrothermal properties of the riverbed, water flow, and the use of electrical conductivity measurements to estimate the depth of groundwater-river exchanges, as well as the development of theoretical models to predict the transport and degradation of dissolved elements
Huyghues, Despointes Franck Larrue Corinne Melé Patrice. "Des barrages au patrimoine mondial La Loire comme objet d'action publique. /." Tours : SCD de l'université de Tours, 2008. http://www.applis.univ-tours.fr/theses/priv/franck.huyghuesdespointes_2240.pdf.
Olivier, Jean-Michel. "Rythmes de dérive des alevins en milieu fluvial : suivi dans le Rhône au niveau des prises d'eau et influence des vidanges de barrages." Lyon 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992LYO10220.
Bauer, Jacques. "Répercussions des aménagements hydroélectriques de la Romanche sur l'environnement physique et humain le bilan de 87 années d'équipement /." Lille 3 : ANRT, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb376026475.
Reyjol, Yorick. "Variabilité spatio-temporelle de la transition salmoniformes-cypriniformes dans la Garonne." Toulouse, INPT, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002INPT006A.
Huyghues, Despointes Franck. "Des barrages au patrimoine mondial : la Loire comme objet d'action publique." Thesis, Tours, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008TOUR1805.
This study is an analysis of what was at first meant to be a political wish to spatially and economically regenerate a particular area but which later became a transversal public policy whereby the environment, and then the notion of heritage, became key factors. The river Loire, here, is being approached from both a spatial perspective, as well as a temporal perspective. It has been necessary to reconstruct the decision making process in terms of time in order to understand where we started from and where we got to today. Public policy, centred on the river Loire, is a mixture of diverse purposes: regeneration of a hydrosystem, ecology, urban regeneration, landscape, the notion of heritage, the notion of world heritage. The river Loire has been a platform upon which many projects have developed, but rarely leading to concrete results. The few results achieved are truly complex. The river Loire has been a place around which many debates, conflicts of ideology, and action have happened. The goal of this thesis is to understand the “Loire river related public policy” as well as its evolution. This has been done from perspective of the changes that happened as some “territorial agents” became involved: on one hand the involvement of some public agents, on the other the involvement of some ecology-driven ones. The latter took part in the gradual reshaping o objectives of the public policy of the area under scrutiny. We also had in mind to question the hypothesis according to which a territorial governance was to be put in place. This territorial governance was to symbolise the renewal of the public policy. We had in mind to see if, as is often evoked, the sort of actions and relations between different agents involved in the Loire project have had an impact on public politics of other geographical sites and spaces
Gilet, Louis. "Charriage et obstacles à la continuité sédimentaire sur les cours d'eau du Morvan." Thesis, Paris 1, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PA01H059.
In France, recent regulatory developments (WFD, 2000; LEMA, 2006) require sediment continuity across the dams to be ensured. This requirement is particularly acute in the Morvan massif, where a dozen dams have been installed since the middle of the 19th century. The questions are complex: several of the rivers on which the structures have been built have only been poorly studied (medium energy plane bed with mixed coarse substrate). In addition, the fluvial systems - the Upper Yonne, the Cure and the Chalaux - are marked by a long anthropogenic influence, characterized in particular by multiple uses prior to the dams (mills, log driving). Those rivers’ energy, partly governed by the dams, is an important factor but insufficient to understand current bedload transport. The latter is indeed significantly influenced by certain morphological parameters (very coarse substrate, sedimentary structures, slope). However, current morphological conditions appear to be largely the result of several decades of disturbance in liquid and solid inputs by dams. Their effects on river processes must therefore be understood on several time scales. The study indicates that they also depend on the influences inherited from previous hydraulic uses. The past hydromorphic trajectory of the river also seems to influence the morpho-sedimentary impacts that were observed following a dam removal. Rather than a clean slate or a step backwards, dams or their removal thus represent a new evolution of the river trajectory, made up of ruptures, continuities and mutations
Moullard, Pierre-Yves. "Aménagement hydroélectrique de Turkwel en bordure du rift - Kenya : contribution du génie géologique à la conception et aux travaux du barrage." Grenoble 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991GRE10147.
Cecchi, Philippe. "Phytoplancton et conditions de milieu dans l'estuaire du fleuve Sénégal : effets du barrage de Diama." Montpellier 2, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992MON20147.
Chekou, Koré El Hadji Mohamoud. "Le fleuve Niger : impacts du barrage de Kandadji : Aspects écologiques, socio-économiques et culturels." Paris 13, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA131053.
Charrier, Christophe. "Effets de la modification anthropique (rejets, aménagements) de la variabilité des conditions physico-chimiques des cours d'eau sur leur fonctionnement écologique." Lyon 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997LYO10138.
Bordes, Jean-Louis. "Mobilisation et régularisation des ressources en eau : les barrages-réservoirs du milieu du XVIIIe siècle au début de XXe siècle en France." Paris 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA010637.
Bisanswa, Donon. "Poussée de glaces en 2009 sur les barrages de la rivière St-Maurice." Thesis, Université Laval, 2011. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2011/27514/27514.pdf.
Fievet, Eric. "Crevettes (Decapoda, Caridea) et poissons amphidromes des cours d'eau aménagés de Guadeloupe : exemple de relation dynamique aval-amont." Lyon 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999LYO10172.
Lauters, François. "Impacts sur l'écosystème aquatique de la gestion par éclusées des ouvrages hydroélectriques : étude de quelques cours d'eau et analyse des phénomènes mis en jeu." Toulouse 3, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995TOU30140.
Mamoudou, Mohamadou. "Dynamique de transfert des matières organiques et inorganiques le long du continuum fluvial de la Garonne : impact de la retenue de Malause." Phd thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2008. http://oatao.univ-toulouse.fr/7797/1/mamoudou.pdf.
Payan, Jean-Luc. "Prise en compte de barrages-réservoirs dans un modèle global pluie-débit." Phd thesis, ENGREF (AgroParisTech), 2007. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00003555.
Sally, Mass Hilmy. "Contribution à l'étude du problème de la gestion optimale des ressources en eau d'un bassin versant." Toulouse, INPT, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985INPT037H.
Merchez, Luc. "Impacts du barrage des Trois Gorges : un modèle de relocalisation des populations rurales." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000GRE10014.
Nzango, Jerry. "Les barrages de l'Oubangui : de l'impact hydraulique actuel à la prospective environnementale." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Orléans, 2018. https://theses.univ-orleans.fr/public/2018ORLE1166_vm.pdf.
Considered as technological jewels since the advent of hydropower, dams provide an answer to the spatio-temporal irregularities of water at the scale of a territory. But the construction of these hydraulic structures in the river never takes place without environmental damage. The main damages are ecological and societal. Dams reduce the ecological wealth of river hydrosystems; they constitute obstacles to the fluvial continuum. However, the effects of dams in rivers depend on the size, type and management of each structure. In the Congo Basin, in this case on Ubangui, knowledge of the effects of dams is still sketchy. So, this thesis deals in an unprecedented way with the Ubangui dams through their negative impacts on the hydrosedimentary continuity. It covers both functional dams and planned dams. Hydrostatistic, sedimentological and geomatic analyzes, coupled with field investigations, have made it possible to evaluate the hydrosedimentary effects of functional dams on Ubangi. In addition, a "hydrological extrapolation" was carried out in order to explore the predictable potential effects of projected dams
Beaulieu, Patrice. "Modélisation par éléments finis du comportement thermomécanique des couverts de glace des réservoirs hydrauliques retenus par des barrages." Thesis, Université Laval, 2011. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2011/28144/28144.pdf.
Flaminio, Silvia. "(Se) représenter les barrages : (a)ménagement, concessions et controverses." Thesis, Lyon, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LYSEN071/document.
The aim of this PhD thesis is to study representations and narratives on dams, which are often controversial infrastructures. If the symbolic role of dams has been underlined in the literature, few studies actually focus on the perception of dams and their spatial and temporal trajectories. Building on the literature of social and cultural geography on representation, and the writings of political ecology on discourse, this thesis confronts different sources (newspapers, interviews and archives), study areas (in France and Australia) and methodological approaches (quantitative and qualitative) in order to follow the discursive evolution of hydraulic infrastructure. The points of view of various stakeholders are also considered: inhabitants, engineers and hydraulic institutions, opponents to dams, administrations in charge of nature protection and scientists who produce environmental knowledge. From a methodologicial perspective, the dissertation highlights the limits of certain material and illustrates the necessity to consider different sources in parallel. The results show the evolution of waterscapes, hydrosocial spaces and cycles---the gradual concessions made to environmentalists at the expense of hydraulic bureaucracies---but they also illustrate, on a broader perspective, the production and the flow of discourses on the environment---the disaggregation of a Promethean discourse on nature and the multiplication of different and sometimes opposing representations of the environment---particularly during conflicts and controversies
Marmorat, Marion. "Controverse socio-technique autour des barrages danubiens Gabčikovo-Nagymaros, 1977-2004 (Hongrie/Slovaquie) : étude microsociologique des relations internationales." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2006. https://spire.sciencespo.fr/notice/2441/53r60a8s3kup1vc9kd4chgdj7.
This controversy about the hydropower dam project located on the Danube river basin between Slovakia and Hungary is taken up in three different ways. It first stands as an example of global issues such as transnationalism, social contention, globalization and environmental global issues. It then allows for an inquiry of the recomposition of the international order. It finally offers a field of discovery and implementation of various conceptual tools borrowed from different disciplines : international relations, public policy, political sociology et geography. We focus our attention mainly on actors and their interactions guided by a train of thought which combines theoretical, methodological perspectives and empirical research. Our goal is to reconcile micro and microsociological approaches. Expertise, activism, scientific and environmental dimensions are looked upon with more care through the studies of practices, discourses et personal careers of the main actors of the dispute, drawing inspiration from the sociology of science and the socio-technical controversies approach
Kharik, Ekaterina. "Numerical simulations of thermal loads exerted on dams by laterally confined ice covers." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/29824.
Hydroelectric dams are subjected to ice loads in cold climates. Withstanding such loads is an important safety requirement for the structures. Although dams have been built and operated by different countries for many years, there is no consensus on a design ice load criteria. Design values vary considerably – by more than 3 times from one international authority to another. The complex nature of ice loads involves many factors and uncertainties that still prevent the full understanding of ice field processes in spite of much progress done in this direction. This doctoral research aims to give new insights into reservoir ice loads, and, thus, to move forward the objective of harmonization of ice load design criteria. The main approach of this research is a compilation of existing models of ice material behaviour and their inclusion in the numerical simulation of key historical ice load events measured in Canada. A construction of a numerical model begins with a choice of key processes and key assumptions as well as material models to include. Therefore, a comprehensive literature review on the topic is required. During the project, diverse literature on ice material behaviour was reviewed. This thesis describes a 3D creep material model for rheological behaviour of two types of ice, namely columnar (S2) ice and snow (T1) ice. The constructed model can be implemented into software to simulate behaviour of ice under the static loads. In this project, the commercial software ANSYS was used for this purpose to build a finite element model (FEM) for simulations of field events. After the FEM was built, it was validated and calibrated against laboratory experiments taken from the literature. Subsequently, the resulting FEM was used for simulation of key Canadian field events. Only thermal expansion of ice was simulated by the FEM with indirect accounting of the impact of water level fluctuations through the modelling of ice cover under lateral confinement. The influence of different factors on the simulated ice load was studied, namely, the influence (i) of selected material constants, (ii) of lateral confinement, (iii) of grain size and of delayed elastic creep, (iv) of variable or constant coefficient of thermal dilatation, (v) of ice type, (vi) of initial stresses as well as (vii) the influence of ice behaviour in tension. The advice and guidelines for the choice and implementation of a creep material model into commercial finite element software are also given. The thesis is based on studies conducted for two conference papers and one journal paper. The thesis includes introduction to the ice loads on dams, objectives of the project, literature reviews on governing ice loading processes, on material properties of two types of ice of frequent occurrence on a reservoir and on modelling of ice behaviour as well as field data presentation, model description, yet unpublished studies, conclusion and recommendations. The thesis discusses the linkage between laboratory experiments on ice and in situ measurements of reservoir ice loads on dams through the numerical modelling of field events. It documents the fact that delayed elastic creep has a limited effect on the resulting ice load for grain sizes of 3 mm – 20 mm, and its calculation can be omitted in approximate assessments of field ice loads for ice cover with these average grain sizes. It is also shown that variability of coefficient of thermal dilatation of ice with temperature is not important for the temperature range studied. The importance of initial conditions and ice behaviour in tension for the resulting ice load is also shown. The thesis emphasizes the importance of correct accounting of lateral confinement and ice type for ice load calculations. It is shown that when water level rises and the ice is confined laterally, if the reservoir consists primarily of columnar ice, the loads can be very substantial. As such, it is recommended that engineers pay particular attention to the possibility of having cold dry winters with little snow accumulations on an ice cover (favorable conditions for columnar ice formation) when choosing their design criteria.
Wei, Xi. "Une approche de modélisation pour diagnostiquer les impacts des changements globaux sur l'hydrologie, les sédiments en suspension et le carbone organique dans un bassin tropical asiatique : cas du fleuve Rouge (Chine et Vietnam)." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2019. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/4685/.
The Asian river basins are great contributors to sediments and organic carbon to the seas. However, these river basins are subject to the influence of climate variability and human activities, which alters the transport and fate of water and associated matter in rivers, and then modifies the coastal biochemical processes. The Red River is a representative Asian river basin and plays an important role in the economy and agriculture in China and Vietnam. However, lack of data sharing between countries and difficulty in in-situ observations and samplings, make the study through the whole basin difficult both spatially and temporally. In order to overcome these issues and better understand the water resources and matters transfer dynamics, interactive use of in-situ measurements, remote sensing observations and numerical modellings are necessary. This work proposed a modelling approach to simulate the transfer dynamics of water, suspended sediment (SS) and organic carbon at a daily scale in the Red River, and to understand and quantify their responses to the impacts of climate variability and dam constructions. The physical-based SWAT model, combining the remote sensing data, was used in this study to simulate the water regime and suspended sediment. Six dams (two were operated before the study period and the other four started operation since 2008) were implemented in this model. The model was calibrated based on observed discharge (Q) and suspended sediment concentration (SSC) data from 2000 to 2013 at five gauge stations (the outlets of the main tributaries and of the continent basin) at a daily time step. After Q and SSC calibrated under actual conditions, a scenario of natural conditions (without any dams inside the basin) was modelled to disentangle and quantify the impacts of climate variability and dams on Q and sediment fluxes (SF). Dissolved and particulate organic carbon (DOC, POC) were calibrated based on observed Q, SSC and in-situ organic carbon sampling data. According to these relationships, the organic carbon concentrations and fluxes under actual and natural conditions are calculated, in order to further quantify the impacts of climate variability and dams on DOC and POC transfer. This study highlighted the strong impacts of dams on sediment fluxes (-80%) and organic carbon (POC, -85%; DOC, -13%), and the impacts of climate variability on Q (-9%). Without dams, the Red River basin would have a high specific sediment yield (779 t km-2 yr-1) compared to other Asian river basins, though its sediment export was low compared to them. The high soil erosion due to precipitation, slope and agricultural practice in the middle part of the basin is the main factor contributing to the specific sediment yield. [...]
Mérigoux, Sylvie. "Variabilité spatio-temporelle de l'environnement et structure des peuplements de juvéniles de poissons : cas d'un fleuve intertropical soumis à un aménagement hydroélectrique." Lyon 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998LYO10261.
Gardes, Thomas. "Reconstruction temporelle des contaminations métalliques et organiques particulaires dans le bassin versant de l'Eure et devenir des sédiments suite à l'arasement d'un barrage. Reconstruction of anthropogenic activities in legacy sediments from the Eure River, a major tributary of the Seine Estuary (France) Flux estimation, temporal trends and source determination of trace metal contamination in a major tributary of the Seine estuary, France Temporal trends, sources, and relationships between sediment characteristics and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in sediment cores from the major Seine estuary tributary, France Impacts à court-terme de l’arasement d’un barrage sur la morphologie du cours d’eau et la remobilisation de sédiments contaminés par les métaux traces Bioaccessibility of polycyclic aromatic compounds (PAHs, PCBs) and trace elements: Influencing factors and determination in a river sediment core." Thesis, Normandie, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020NORMR038.
The anthropogenic impact on rivers has significantly increased following the industrial revolutioninitiated by Western countries. Thus, changes in the geomorphology of rivers for water storage andnavigation, the conversion of land for agricultural, industrial and urbanization purposes illustrate thisenvironmental pressure, which results, among other things, in an increase in discharges of variouscontaminants into environmental compartments, particularly rivers. Therefore, part of these dischargescan end up in suspended particulate matter, which is then considered as storage wells, which transit inrivers. River development, particularly the construction of dams, encourages the sedimentation of these contaminated particles over time. These sediments of anthropogenic origin, also called legacy sediments, are therefore witnesses to human activities and make it possible to reconstruct the temporal trajectories of contamination within watersheds. The Eure River, a major tributary of the Seine estuary, has experienced significant anthropogenic pressures since the twentieth century. The temporal reconstruction of anthropogenic pressures has required the combination of different methodological approaches: (i) a diachronic analysis of the morphological modifications of the river was carried out, in conjunction with (ii) an analysis of the sedimentary dynamics and the nature of the sediment deposits by coupling geophysical, sedimentological and geochemical methods, and (iii) the setting up of a network for monitoring the hydro-sedimentary behaviour with continuous sampling of suspended particulate matter. Significant geomorphological changes have occurred in the lower reaches of the watershed, with the main consequences being an outlet moved some ten kilometres in the direction of a dam and the formation of hydraulic annexes favouring the accumulation of sediments as early as the 1940s. These made it possible to show that the Eure River watershed had experienced significant contamination, the consequences of which are still being recorded despite the cessation of activities or uses. The temporal trends of trace metal and metalloid elements showed strong contaminations in As in the 1940s and contaminations of industrial origin in Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ag and Cd in the 1960s and 1970s, as well as contaminations in Sb and Pb in 1990–2000. The latter are still recorded despite the cessation of the activities responsible for the discharges, as evidenced by the results from the suspended particulate matter currently collected in the river. Like most trace metals, organic contaminants such as PAHs showed significant contamination during the 1940–1960s, with signatures indicating a predominantly pyrogenic origin. PCBs showed significant contamination during the period 1950–1970, in connection with the production and national uses of mixtures composed mainly of low chlorinated congeners. Finally, interest in a third family of persistent organic contaminants, organochlorine pesticides, showed the use of lindane and DDT, particularly during the 1940–1970 period, and highlighted the post-ban use of lindane and the presence of a metabolite of DDT several decades after the cessation of its use, in connection with the increase in erosion of cultivated soils
Zhu, Bin. "Impact des barrages sur la génétique des populations d'esturgeon chinois (Acipenser sinensis) : contribution du repeuplement des juvéniles à la diversité des populations naturelles." Toulouse 3, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004TOU30069.
Cabalion, Joël. "Des existences paysannes au fil de l'eau : le grand barrage Gosikhurd et les déplacements de population au Vidarbha, Inde centrale." Paris, EHESS, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013EHES0122.
Through the Jens of a "State science" in the name of “public interest” to rural inequalities and the political struggles of social movement, this thesis reflects upon the chain of uprootings and regroundings which shape the sense of peasant existences in India today. On the Wainganga river, the Gosikhurd project leads to the displacement and resettlement of 93 villages, resulting in 83 000 people having to leave their land and homestead behind as the dam waters start to rise in the reservoir. Engaged since a few decades in a global perspective of agrarian development, the State of Maharashtra therein advocates a Green Revolution for Vidarbha, a region perceived as "backwards”. If this political orientation has already been subject to multiple analyses in diverse disciplines, few have simultaneously addressed the conditions of production of such a project and the inherent impacts of submergence on the population. Grounded in a qualitative and quantitative study which followed this double process over nine years ; this research entwines a sociology of public action and social movements, a rural ethnography and a political and social anthropology in order to account for the transformations and ruptures caused by displacement. When the Indian State plans to wipe a village of the map and relocate it, how does it organize the processes of land acquisition and compensation of agrarian resources? How does the peasantry adjust to the confiscation of its rural life style and to the uncertainty of its social “forth-coming “? Finally, what are the forms of opposition or “resistance“ that the project meets in the face of such dispossession ?
Nzokou, Tanekou François. "Ice rupture hydrodynamic modeling." Thesis, Université Laval, 2010. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2010/26683/26683.pdf.
Tchamba, Thiery Wilson. "Caractérisation numérique d'une jauge biaxiale dans un champ de glace." Thesis, Université Laval, 2011. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2011/28719/28719.pdf.
Lavedan, Gérard. "Aménagement hydroélectrique de Turkwel en bordure du rift - Kenya : contribution du génie géologique à la conception et aux travaux de l'aménagement souterrain." Grenoble 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991GRE10145.
Garnier, Philippe. "Le Cher, étude hydrologique." Angers, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993ANGE0016.
Gingras, Mathieu. "Le rôle des représentations dans les projets de mise en valeur des rivières du Québec : les enjeux de l'implantation de la filière de la petite production hydroélectrique sur la rivière Batiscan." Thesis, Université Laval, 2007. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2007/24714/24714.pdf.
At the beginning of 1990s, to meet objectives of regional development and maximization of the hydroelectric production, the government of Quebec adopted energy policies aiming to retrofit and construct small power stations by independent producers. To ensure their profitability, small power stations must be built close to existent energy transport networks and consumption places. Moreover, they are often located where the rivers are banked or present important falls. These sites are situated near or in the heart of inhabited and attended places, notably for recreotouristic purposes. Furthermore, these falls and landscapes are symbols of identity and have territorial significance for the local communities. This situation inevitably generated river-use conflicts where many perceptions of the management and the development of the rivers are in opposition. To make an in-depth analysis of this problem, we made a case study concerning the Batiscan river (Mauricie), where promoters considered the construction of three small hydroelectric power stations (1987-1990). Using 15 semi-directed talks and through a review of five daily newspapers (1990-2007), we analyzed the speech of the actors, in order to understand the strategic role and the evolution of the territorial representations of those concerned with the projects of small hydroelectric power stations. This study shows that the promoters of the small hydroelectric power stations perceive this type of development of the river as being a type of regional development which would make it possible to generate substantial economic repercussions for host territories. On the other hand, the opponents, gathered within citizen committees to obtain the abandonment of the projects. Their speech conveys the representation that the realization of the hydroelectric power stations on the Batiscan river goes against the concept of common good and would undermine the landscape, the environmental integrity of the river and the recreotouristic development of the area. By a process of collective reappropriation and valorization of the elements of the territory having a strong patrimonial and identity value, those sought to work out and implement alternative projects which would make it possible to counter the projects of small hydroelectric power stations and to guarantee the protection of the inherent characteristics of the river.
Roy-Gosselin, Philippe-Hubert. "Gestion des débits au barrage Samson." Thesis, Université Laval, 2012. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2012/29224/29224.pdf.
Oumedjbeur, Abdelkrim. "Evaluation de la qualité physico-chimique des eaux du bassin versant du barrage de Guenitra (wilaya de Skikda, Algérie)." Chambéry, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986CHAMS001.
Loire, Rémi. "Les lâchers morphogènes : définition, expérimentations et protocole opérationnel de mise en oeuvre." Thesis, Lyon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LYSEN030/document.
Over the centuries, many rivers have been regulated by dams to meet various needs such as flood management, hydropower production, irrigation, drinking water supply, etc. Today, in the northern third of the planet, 77% of watercourses are affected by dams and a very large number are under construction or planned in the coming decades. The impacts of dams, particularly those with the largest reservoirs, are now well-known. Their influence, more or less pronounced, can affect floods (flow, frequency, peak and duration), which results in a change of the occurrence of the natural "channel morphing discharge" in the downstream reaches. The result is a modified river morphology and dynamics, with impacts on biological communities and uses. In order to improve/restore aquatic and riparian environments, dam managers are increasingly being asked to generate high flows, known as "flushing flows” or “ecomorphogenic flows”, from their dams.This thesis focuses initially on clarifying the concepts of discharge, water release, and "ecomorphogenic flows”. A new terminology has been proposed that fits into the broader context of “environmental flows” and “ecological flows”. In a second step, previous works and experiments carried out on the Durance River, the Selves River and the Isère River provided elements to build a methodology for implementing ecomorphogenic flow releases as part of adaptive management. This operational methodology is based on a series of successive steps resulting from a preliminary diagnosis. It makes it possible to determine the parameters necessary for designing releases, identifying constraints and defining expected results (target compartments, orders of magnitude of process, etc.) to evaluate the efficiency of the operation. Finally, through the implementation of trigger indicators, it provides evaluation information to decide whether to renew, or improve releases or to replace them with other management actions
Abrahami, Rachel. "Erosion et flux sédimentaires associés dans un bassin versant soumis à un régime de mousson : l'exemple de la Tista (Inde), du Sikkim au mégafan." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015GREAU031/document.
Understanding the relative strengths of tectonic and climatic forcing, as well as the interactions between these controls, at different spatial and temporal scales is important to understand the evolution of orogenic topography. The Himalayas, subjected to both tectonic and climatic phenomena very active, is one of the most popular sites for the study of these interactions. The focus of this project is to understand (1) the evolution of orogenic topography of Sikkim (India), (2)the processus of formation and development of th quaternary Tista megafan. Our results show that long-term exhumation rates obtained by thermochronology (apatite fission tracks) do not correlate with any geomorphic or climatic parameters. We suggest a tectonic control where high rates in southwest Sikkim (1.2±0.6 mm/yr) may be linked to the building of the lesser Himalaya Rangit Duplex. The highest erosion rates recorded at millennial timescales (10Be ∼5 mm/yr) occur in catchments spanning the Main Central Thrust Zone but appear to be strongly influenced by recent landsliding. High erosion rates (1-2 mm/yr) also occur in north Sikkim and may be linked to a strong glacial inheritance on the landscape, as attested by high channel-steepness values close to the maximum extent of glaciers during the Last Glacial Maximum. In contrast, variations in precipitation rate do not seem to strongly influence either short-term erosion or long-term exhumation rates in Sikkim. The Tista megafan spreads over more than 16 000 km2 form the mountain front, where it is strongly incised, to the confluence of the Tista River with the Brahmaputra River, and stores sediments produced in the Sikkim Himalaya. We propose a scenario for the formation and abandonment of the Tista megafan based on new Infra-Red Stimulated Luminescence (IRSL) and 10Be cosmogenic age constraints. We suggest that two distal lobes developed successively downstream from a common proximal lobe. Deposition took place since ~50 ka assuming a constant sedimentation rate of 0.88±0.10 mm.yr-1 and incision began at 〖4.0〗_(-0.4)^(+0.6) ka at an average rate of 〖10.5〗_(-1.8)^(+0.6) mm yr-1. The western distal lobe of the megafan was deposited early in the history of the megafan, possibly when the Sikkim Himalaya catchments were drained by rivers that where tributaries of the Ganga River, and was abandoned in the early Holocene (10-11 ka). The eastern poorly incised and recent (<1ka) may have been built when the main Tista drainage system had shifted eastward through possible nodal avulsions. Tectonic processes seem to play a minor role in guiding the Tista River course and driving incision of the megafan deposits. Abandonment and incision of megafan surfaces and hinterland terraces appears associated to both the onset and the ending of phases of strong monsoon precipitation, during which the balance between water and sediment discharge changes rapidly. Petrographic ans isotopic (Nd and Sr) used to constrain sources of the megafan deposits display a significant difference with sediments actually transported by the Tista River, which could be explained by the influenced of tethyan sedimentary rocks exposed North to Sikkim, and actually drained by the Kosi River. This suggests that this area has been recently (4000 years) captured by the Kosi River, inducing a recent and important incision of the megafan in its proximal part due to the balancing of the river profile. This preliminary hypothesis could also explain the higher size of the megafan comparing to the one of its catchment. Otherwise, our results show that the variations of erosion and chemical alteration respond to global and regional climatic variations. Periods of strong summer monsoon and heavy rainfall are traduced in Sikkim by the more penetration of precipitation into the relief and a strong chemical weathering. Since the Last Glacial maximum, the Sikkim Himalaya is characterised by an augmentation of erosion and chemical weathering
Ngor, Peng Bun. "Dynamique des peuplements de poissons dans le bassin inférieur du Mékong." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018TOU30037/document.
The Mekong seasonal flow plays a pivotal role in structuring up- and downstream aquatic communities. The thesis investigates the dynamics of spatial and temporal fish community structure in the Lower Mekong system, i.e. the Lower Mekong River and its major tributaries. Using spatial and time-series datasets and univariate as well as multivariate statistical approaches, the thesis highlights: * The importance of flow and other environmental factors in explaining spatial and temporal dynamics of fish diversity patterns and assemblage structure in the Lower Mekong system. * The effects of indiscriminate fishing in one of the world's largest tropical inland fisheries, the Tonle Sap, with the finding of, despite overall stationary catch per unit effort (CPUE), strong alterations in assemblages composition, with decreasing trends in catches of large-sized species, and increasing trends in the catches of some small-sized species. * Contrasted responses of fish assemblages to a gradient of disruption of flow seasonality and predictability due to dams in the Lower Mekong system. The results obtained through this thesis contribute to the ecological understanding of fish assemblages and to the design of applications for long-term planning, monitoring, management and conservation of fisheries in the Mekong Basin and beyond. The thesis suggests that: * Maintaining the Mekong robust and predictably seasonal flood pulse dynamics and habitat connectivity is imperative to ensure fish longitudinal and lateral dispersal ability among critical habitats for breeding, feeding and seeking refuge. * Setting appropriate regulations based on known peak fish migrations at various spatiotemporal scales would allow migratory fish species to pass through rivers, access critical habitats and complete their life cycles. Also, enforcing and operationalizing the existing formal fisheries management mechanisms effectively at local, national and regional levels as well as allocating sufficient resources to the fishery sector to combat illegal fishing practices and implementing fisheries conservation measures in critical habitats would help deal with the problem of overharvesting. * Hydropower-related pulsed flows that can mimic as far as possible the natural pulsed flows are critical to reduce downstream effects on aquatic organisms, and, thus, should be prioritized and applied as one of the measures to mitigate the impacts from existing and planned hydropower dams in the Mekong Basin
Laibi, Raoul Adéniyi. "Dynamique actuelle d'une embouchure fluviale estuarienne à flèche sableuse, la Bouche du Roi, Bénin, Golfe de Guinée : caractérisation hydrosédimentaire et géomorphologique." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Littoral, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011DUNK0407.
The Mono river estuary is established in the Western part of the Benin coastal zone. It's a microtidal estuary with predominance of swell. It ensures the exchanges with the sea by means of a tidal inlet named "Bouche du Roi". It forms a coastal hydro-sedimentary system associated with three generations of sand barrier which attest the last marine oscillations of the recent Quaternary. This thesis work studies the dynamics of these barriers-inlets on various temporal scales and according to a multi-field approach. The results show that the two old sand barriers are built and destroyed at the rhythm of marine level variations of recent Quaternary. On the other hand, the contemporary dynamics of the current barrier results in the morphogenesis of a spit-creek system, under control of littoral drift, tide conditions and hydrological seasons of the Mono river. Before the startup of Nangbeto dam, because of the temporary character of the Mono flows, the spit-creek morphodynamic was limited in space and time. But since the operating of the dam in 1987, the spit-creek morphodynamic became persistent, owing to consistency and permanence of Mono flows from now on controlled by the dam. The effects of this anthropic morphodynamics on the physical and human environment are immeasurable : loss of touristic beach, swallowing up of grounds and cultures (salt productions, agrarian cultures, aquacultures,...), destruction of dwellings and other socio-community infrastructures (schools, roads,...), populations displacements, exhumation of late parents remains,... The migration solution proposed consists in displacement of Hokoue and Docloboe populations and in periodical practice (every 7 years) of mechanical breaches on the level of Avlo beach
Laibi, Raoul Adéniyi. "Dynamique actuelle d'une embouchure fluviale estuarienne à flèche sableuse, la Bouche du Roi, Bénin, Golfe de Guinée : caractérisation hydrosédimentaire et géomorphologique." Thesis, Littoral, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011DUNK0407.
The Mono river estuary is established in the Western part of the Benin coastal zone. It's a microtidal estuary with predominance of swell. It ensures the exchanges with the sea by means of a tidal inlet named "Bouche du Roi". It forms a coastal hydro-sedimentary system associated with three generations of sand barrier which attest the last marine oscillations of the recent Quaternary. This thesis work studies the dynamics of these barriers-inlets on various temporal scales and according to a multi-field approach. The results show that the two old sand barriers are built and destroyed at the rhythm of marine level variations of recent Quaternary. On the other hand, the contemporary dynamics of the current barrier results in the morphogenesis of a spit-creek system, under control of littoral drift, tide conditions and hydrological seasons of the Mono river. Before the startup of Nangbeto dam, because of the temporary character of the Mono flows, the spit-creek morphodynamic was limited in space and time. But since the operating of the dam in 1987, the spit-creek morphodynamic became persistent, owing to consistency and permanence of Mono flows from now on controlled by the dam. The effects of this anthropic morphodynamics on the physical and human environment are immeasurable : loss of touristic beach, swallowing up of grounds and cultures (salt productions, agrarian cultures, aquacultures,...), destruction of dwellings and other socio-community infrastructures (schools, roads,...), populations displacements, exhumation of late parents remains,... The migration solution proposed consists in displacement of Hokoue and Docloboe populations and in periodical practice (every 7 years) of mechanical breaches on the level of Avlo beach