Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'BARELEY'

Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) is one of the most important crops, with a worldwide grain production of more than 137,98 mln tons per year, 41% of which are produced in Europe. Barley production is threatened by climate change and the associated growing frequency of extreme weather events which results for example in increased lodging. Morphological culm features have been linked to lodging resistance and biomass production in rice and wheat, but the genetic architecture underlying culm traits has not been investigated in barley. Within the ClimBar project, the objective of my PhD research was to dissect natural genetic variation related to culm morphological traits in barley through association mapping on a collection of 198 diverse spring barley cultivars. As a critical region for lodging, we targeted the structure of 2nd basal internode from main stem: internode samples were collected in 2016 and 2017 from field-grown plants at dough stage (in Italy) and pre-harvest stage in four European locations (Spain, Italy, Finland and United Kingdom). Phenotypic data for culm diameter and culm wall thickness were obtained using a newly developed image analysis protocol based on ImageJ software. The number of vascular bundles from dough stage samples was also counted. Data for plant height, days to heading, lodging, and grain yield were also considered for further comparisons. Statistical analyses indicated the existence of significant genetic variation for the studied traits as supported by high heritability values. Combined analysis of variance indicated the existence of interaction between genotype and environment and this was mainly due to location by genotype, while the interaction due to year was less important, indicating the stability of the genotypes across years within the same location. Internode diameter and other culm related traits showed interesting correlations with other agronomical features, describing a complex system of interactions among the different plant organs and how they respond to the surrounding environment. Genome-wide marker data from a 50k iSelect Infinium SNP panel were used to run Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS) for plant height as validation trait, recovering markers in close proximity to well-known genes. GWAS revealed significant marker-trait associations for culm traits located within genomic regions harboring potential candidate genes mainly involved in the modification of cell wall composition and interacting with hormonal pathways. However, some associations were location-specific, due to the existence of GxE interactions for the traits under study. Together, our results provide the first insights into the genetic basis of culm morphology in barley and support the value of natural genetic diversity for the improvement of barley yield under climate change.

A group G is called a barely transitive group if it acts transitively and faithfully on an infinite set and every orbit of every proper subgroup is finite. A subgroup H of a group G is called a permutable subgroup, if H commutes with every subgroup of G. We showed that if an infinitely generated barely transitive group G has a permutable point stabilizer, then G is locally finite. We proved that if a barely transitive group G has an abelian point stabilizer H, then G is isomorphic to one of the followings: (i) G is a metabelian locally finite p-group, (ii) G is a finitely generated quasi-finite group (in particular H is finite), (iii) G is a finitely generated group with a maximal normal subgroup N where N is a locally finite metabelian group. In particular, G=N is a quasi-finite simple group. In all of the three cases, G is periodic.

Nell'elaborato è modellata al CAD la struttura portante di una barella per elisoccorso, dalla geometria simile a quelle esistenti sul mercato. Viene poi svolta un'analisi FEM per verificare le sollecitazioni presenti. In seguito, è disegnata una nuova struttura ottimizzata e sono svolte nuove analisi FEM per la sua verifica. Dai risultati ottenuti si vede come l'ottimizzazione permette di trovare una geometria che, a parità di massa rispetto alla struttura tradizionale, permette una sensibile riduzione delle tensioni.

The existence of large, relatively comfortable, middle and working classes is what has set the advanced capitalist societies apart from most societies throughout history. These classes, while not quite "privileged," offer the hope of opportunity and upward social mobility for those who work hard. Yet in the last 30 years a growing class of "working poor" has emerged who invest many hours working but at wages that keep upward social mobility beyond their grasp. The existence of the working poor, it seems, dispels a key element in the ideology of individualism; they work hard yet do not "get ahead." This study addresses the contradiction presented by the working poor; specifically, do the working poor support the ideology of individualism? Prior research finds that the disadvantaged justify the system that inhibits them from having a better quality of life (Jost, et al. 2003). This study, however, suggests that the working poor are more conscious of the ideology's failure to explain their lack of mobility in a system that promises opportunity to those who work hard. Research data were generated through the use of telephone surveys in five counties in Central Florida with approximately 1571 respondents. Several measures of "working poor" were created; moreover, respondents within these categories tended to disagree with the "work hard, get ahead" ideology. Respondents who viewed their financial situation as getting worse, unable to grasp the "upward mobility" promise of the American Dream, also significantly disagreed with the ideology.
M.A.
Department of Sociology
Sciences
Applied Sociology MA

The tillage operations required to grow an annual barley and cotton crop rotation were reduced by eliminating tillage prior to planting cotton, eliminating cultivations for weed control in cotton, and especially by eliminating tillage following cotton. A light activated, weed sensing automatic spot-spray system reduced the amount of spray volume and herbicide used by 40% to 60% at Marana and 36% to 56% at Maricopa in 2004. At Maricopa, a large number of volunteer cotton plants in the furrows of early planted no-till cotton reduced the spray volume savings from using the weed sensing automatic spot-spray system. Weed control was similar with the weed sensing, automatic spot-spray system compared to the conventional continuous spray system for most weed species but weeds with narrow leaf, upright leaf canopies such as sprangletop, barley and skeleton weed were more difficult to detect and control. In both Marana and Maricopa, there were yield differences between treatments related to planting date, with late-planted cotton yielding less than early-planted cotton. At Marana, the early-planted conventional tillage cotton out-yielded the barley cover crop, early-planted no-till cotton treatment. At Maricopa, there were no yield differences between the two early planted cotton treatments; however, the late-planted conventionally tilled cotton yielded 28% more than the late-planted no-till cotton. Although the yield comparisons are not yet definitive, it appears that in some situations no-till cotton may yield less than conventionally tilled cotton. At Maricopa, the height of cereal crop stubble did not affect subsequent cotton establishment, field populations, plant height or lint production (2003 and 2004) and the position or node of the first fruiting branch and the first retained boll were similarly unaffected in 2004.

Teacher stories were once relegated to informal gatherings but more recently this aspect of teacher development is being carefully studied in more formalized settings because it is believed to be an important part of teacher development. New ways are being sought to use various aspects of storytelling to help pre-service teachers develop important teaching skills through reflection on experience, dialogue journals, case studies and autobiography. Despite these efforts at the university level, it is especially difficult for pre-service teachers to integrate and apply theories from their methods courses to actual classroom practice. Less effort has been focused on storytelling processes that may occur outside these formal approaches. This study, therefore, looked at how pre-service teachers used stories told in an informal setting to process aspects of learning to teach. This study revealed that pre-service teachers engage in story telling for reasons and in ways that are different from teacher educator intents. Using interviews and private dialogues, patterns of when, how and why six pre-service teachers used oral stories emerged that illuminate challenges to using personal and appropriated stories in coursework. The findings of this study include how oral storytelling is used by pre-service teachers to process emotion and demonstrate specific identities and personal characteristics.

Prymnesium parvum Carter, a haptophyte species capable of forming harmful algal blooms (HABs), has been identified in fresh and brackish water habitats worldwide. In Texas, P. parvum blooms have diminished local community revenues from losses to tourism, fishing, and hatchery production. In this thesis, P. parvum dynamics were studied using in-situ microcosm experiments at Lake Possum Kingdom, Texas during three seasons (fall, winter, spring) in 2004-2005. Specifically, nutrient additions were used to test the hypothesis that increased nutrient levels would not enhance P. parvum's ability to invade phytoplankton communities. In addition to full nutrient additions to levels of f/2 media, other treatments included nutrient additions deficient in either nitrogen (N) or phosphorus (P). Additionally, barley straw extract was tested as a growth inhibitor to prevent P. parvum blooms. Furthermore, P. parvum initial population density was examined to test the hypothesis that increased initial populations could promote an increase in P. parvum population densities. Findings indicated that P. parvum populations in Lake Possum Kingdom would not likely gain a selective advantage over other species when inorganic nutrients (nitrogen and phosphorus) were not limiting. P. parvum did, however, gain an advantage during both N- and P-limited conditions as indicated by toxicity, cell concentrations, and bulk phytoplankton community shifts. Furthermore, P. parvum blooms in Lake Possum Kingdom would likely not be inhibited by barley straw extract application. Initial population densities affected the final population density, but only when initial populations were low. A method to quickly and accurately detect the presence of P. parvum is needed due to P. parvum's potential to cause toxic and lethal blooms. This thesis tested whether P. parvum photopigments are conservative regardless of growth conditions and could be used to quantify the relative abundance of P. parvum in mixed community samples. If biomarker pigments are conservative, then an optimized version of CHEMTAX could be employed as an alternative diagnostic tool to microscopy for enumeration of P. parvum. However, P. parvum pigments in the Texas strain were not conservative throughout the growth cycle and therefore may not be a reliable indicator of cell abundance.

At least three poorly soluble compounds can be formed in the CuSO4 – K4P2O7 – H2O system: a single salt Cu2P2O7.5H2O and two dimorph’s both having chemical formula Cu3K2(P2O7)2.3H2O. A previously known form of Cu3K2(P2O7)2.3H2O (we named it Dimorph A) transforms into a novel Dimorph B, which has a different structure. The similarities between the XRD patterns and vibrations spectra of copper–ammonium and copper–potassium Dimorph’s B imply that they are isostructural. The values of the angle for copper–potassium and copper–ammonium salts and Cu2P2O7.5H2O are relatively low and vary within a narrow range (123.1 – 127.1°). The formation of the compounds significantly depends on the conditions of the experiment. A double salt in the CuSO4 – K4P2O7 – H2O system may be formed after some time in the reaction mixture as a result of the following heterogeneous reaction: 3Cu2P2O7∙5H2O↓ + H2P2O72– + 4K+ → 2Cu3K2(P2O7)2∙3H2O↓ + 2H+ + 9H2O This reaction has not been previously described for any polyphosphate system. Therefore, novel results of scientific investigation are presented. The rate, duration and yield of heterogeneous reaction substantially depend on pH of the solution, [Cu2+ + P2O74–] and n ([P2O74–] / [Cu2+]). At a relatively low pH the induction time is high, the reaction rate is low and duration is long. The maximal yields close to 100% can be achieved when [Cu2+ + P2O74–] = 0.1 M. At increased pH values, the induction time, the yield and duration of the reaction diminish... [to full text]
Naudojant IR-spektrometrijos, rentgenofazinės analizės, atominės absorbcinės spektroskopijos, kolorimetrijos analizės metodus buvo ištirta sistemose CuSO4 – K4P2O7 – H2O ir CuSO4 – (NH4)4P2O7 – H2O susidarančių mažai tirpių junginių sudėtis, jų susidarymo dėsningumai ir vykstančios reakcijos, įvairių veiksnių įtaką nuosėdų sudėčiai ir struktūrai. Nustatyta, kad sistemoje CuSO4 – K4P2O7 – H2O, be jau žinomų mažai tirpių junginių (paprastosios druskos Cu2P2O7 ∙ 5H2O ir dvigubosios druskos Cu3K2(P2O7)2 ∙ 3H2O), susidaro ir naujas mokslinėje literatūroje neaprašytas junginys (Dimorfas B), dvigubajai druskai patiriant polimorfinį perėjimą. Polimorfinio perėjimo trukmė labai priklauso nuo pH ir reaguojančių jonų koncentracijų. FTIR duomenų analizė parodė, kad difosfato jonų energetinė būsena Cu – K ir Cu – NH4 Dimorfuose B panaši. Jų rentgenogramos yra panašios, tikėtina, kad šie junginiai – izostruktūriniai, jų kristalinės gardelės tipas – monoklininis. Naudojant Lazarevo lygtį, bei Rulmonto priklausomybę buvo apskaičiuoti Cu – K ir Cu – NH4 Dimorfų A ir B bei paprastosios druskos P – O – P kampai, gauta, kad jie mažai keičiasi siaurame 123,1 – 127,1 º intervale. Nustatyta, kad dviguboji druska susidaro iš paprastosios, vykstant heterogeninei reakcijai: 3Cu2P2O7 ∙ 5H2O↓ + H2P2O72– + 4K+ → 2Cu3K2(P2O7)2∙ 3H2O↓ + 2H++ 9H2O. Mokslinėje literatūroje tokia reakcija neaprašyta jokiai difosfatų sistemai, jos tyrimo duomenys yra nauji. Taip pat nustatyta, kad heterogeninės reakcijos... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]

This dissertation describes and analyses a selection of morphosyntactic phenomena from the nominal, verbal and clausal domains of Barese, an upper southern Italian dialect of Puglia. Chapter 2 analyses pragmatically unmarked and marked sentential word orders in Barese. Barese is a null-subject language whose unmarked transitive word order is (S)VO, in which syntactic constituents can be displaced in accordance with their pragmatico-semantic relevance to the discourse. One peculiarity of Barese regards intransitives encoding a loco-temporal (c)overt argument, where VS and SV orders may both mark sentence-focus. While VS encodes a null loco-temporal argument, SV serves to encode broad focus whenever S is ‘accessible’ in the mind of both discourse participants forming part of their ‘common ground’. Chapter 3 examines the structure of Barese nominal expressions, focusing on the interaction between adjectives, possessives and demonstratives. Barese nominals nearly systematically precede adjectives and possessives, except for a small class of rudimentary evaluative adjectives which may occur prenominally. These orders, derived via the phrasal movement of the nominal across its modifiers, are contrasted with the head movement of a morpholexically restricted class of kinship nominals which can be modified by a defective set of enclitic possessives. The final section analyses the behaviour of Barese demonstratives, which only occur in prenominal position. In particular, a peculiar Barese structure which combines the definite article with the distal demonstrative pronoun is analysed, highlighting how it specifically marks discourse-old referents. Chapter 4 describes the mechanisms of auxiliary selection and past participle agreement operative in Barese. In relation to the former, Barese displays three different factors which may determine auxiliary selection, namely person, tense and mood. These three dimensions of variation are analysed in terms of parameter hierarchies which formalise the complexity of the semantic features involved in the selection of the auxiliaries HAVE and BE. It is argued that this complexity reflects different diachronic stages of auxiliary selection across different generations of speakers. The final section investigates Barese active past participle agreement which, unlike auxiliary selection, displays a conservative distribution licensed by direct objects and Undergoer subjects. The peculiarity of Barese, however, is that agreement is morpholexically limited to a small number of ‘strong’ participles which mark agreement exclusively through metaphonetic alternation. The final chapter is concerned with Barese progressive and andative periphrases which variously show inflected forms of the lexical verb in the 2SG-3SG of the present in place of the infinitive. These structures have been argued for Salentino and Sicilian dialects to have developed from instances of coordination with Latin AC ‘and’, which were then reinterpreted as instances of (pseudo-)coordination, namely subordination. In contrast, a different origin for these inflected forms of the lexical verb is proposed for Barese, where AC-coordination is not historically attested. It is argued that the loss of the infinitival ending -RE produced morphophonological identity, viz. syncretism, between the 3SG(/2SG) present and the infinitive, enabling the latter to be reinterpreted as a finite form within the periphrasis. This spred further across the neighbouring dialects to include more grammatical persons (3SG/2SG > 1SG > 3PL > all), as well as past and irrealis paradigms.

The objectives of this study were to verify the potential benefits of growing green barley on anaerobic enzyme (ZAD) treated rice straw. In addition, the work intended to investigate the effect of this treatment on digestibility parameters in Ossimi sheep. A complete random design was used to distribute twelve mature male of Ossimi sheep (45.0 +0.5 Kg wt.) on the following treatments: Rice straw with grown barley (RSGB) without either ZAD or orange pulp (control, T1), RSGB plus ZAD (T2), RSGB plus orange pulp (T3) and RSGB + ZAD + orange pulp (T4). The obtained results could be summarized as follow 1- Significant decreases were observed in %CF from 38.09 for T1 to 32.01 and 30.02 for rations T4 and T2 respectively (P< 0.05). Percentage values of NDF were 70.01, 72.10 and 76.01 for rations T4, T2 and T1 respectively (P< 0.05); while %ADF values were 50.05, 52.10 and 58.10 for rations T4, T2 and T1 respectively (P< 0.05) and %ADL was 6.01for T4 versus 8.01for T1. And significant increases in %CP content to 7.96, 7.10, 7.95 for ration T4, T3, T2 respectively compared to the control ration was 5.75 (P< 0.05). 2- Adding ZAD to RSGB significantly increased (p< 0.05) %TDN to 55.02 and 59.02 for treatments T2 and T4 respectively and increased digestibility coefficients of CP to 72.43 and 77.70 respectively. 3- Rams fed rations T2, T3 and T4 had significantly higher values of ruminal ammonia-N 3 hrs. post feeding values were 25.41, 25.03, 25.96 mg/100ml respectively and total volatile fatty acids 3 hrs. post feeding were 8.20, 8.13 and 8.26 m.eq/100ml respectively. 4- Adding either ZAD, orange pulp or both to RSGB significantly increased (p<.05) plasma total protein values were 6.43, 6.23, 5.82 g/dl for treatments T4, T3, T2 respectively , while treating rations with ZAD reflected low level of GPT 6 hrs. post feeding values were 20.64 and 20.61 for treatments T2 and T4 respectively versus T1 (20.90 µ/l). It could be concluded that anaerobic enzyme matrix (ZAD) improved the nutritive value of soilless green barley and improved their digestibility coefficients in Ossimi sheep ZAD is a compound of enzymes are separated from anaerobic bacteria separated from the rumen, it contain a mixture of cellulase, hemicellulase, protease and alpha amylase enzymes.

Using ethnographic data from the Pakistani Muslim community in Manchester, I argue that the role of mosques, Imams and mosque committees has taken place in an environment of conflict in which Pakistani Muslims have struggled to construct a Muslim identity. In part, the British Pakistani Muslim community has established and maintained a religious identity through the negotiation of faith practice in schools, halal meals and the construction of purpose built mosques. These phenomena reflect the growing confidence of a British Muslim identity which must be understood in the context of debates surrounding „multiculturalism‟, „integration‟, „exclusion‟ and „recognition‟ of identity. In addition to understanding the development of religious identity in Manchester, I also examine the radicalisation of a certain section of the Muslim youth and government responses to this perceived threat. I examine the ways in which Manchester Muslims, especially those connected to mosques engage with state political institutions and how they perceive „secularism‟. I offer a typology of the political behaviour of Muslims in relation to participation in the political process. Finally, I argue that a lack of conflict resolution training and an implicit belief in Manichean dichotomies of conflict has fragmented relationships among mosques and Imams in Manchester which has exacerbated the position of British Pakistanis in particular and British Muslims in general.

In Sunni estimation, `Ali ibn Abu Talib is one of the four Rashidun Khilafat 'Rightly Guided Caliphs' who succeeded the Prophet. In Shia understanding `Ali was duly designated as his immediate successor by Muhammad. The varying understandings of `Ali are examined in four roles: as Wali [friend of God], as Imam [Leader], as Shadid [Martyr for God], and as Bab [Gateway to Spiritual Knowledge]. In the thesis `Ali ibn Abu Talib is examined as the bearer of many attributes some descriptive with others of a more esoteric nature. A significant term ascribed to `Ali is wali [friend/saint] of God. This is included in the distinctive three tenet Shi'a shahadah. The term and title Imam is used both for the Prayer Leader of a Muslim community and within the Shi'a tradition for the legitimate ruler of the wider ummäh. The concept of the Imam is examined for Shi'a understandings and the comparable idea of qutb pole, within Sufi influenced Sunnism such as the AN i- Sunnat wa jama'at. Within the Shi'a tradition there is a profound awareness of shahid martyrdom for Imam `Ali, and the majority of the succeeding Imams. This consciousness centres in particular on the death of his youngest son, Imam Husayn as commemorated in the month of Muharram and the 121hd ay - AshuraAli is acknowledged by both Shi'a and Sunni Sufi traditions as a key figure in the transmission of esoteric knowledge. A majority of Sufi streams trace their sources of spiritual knowledge to `Ali. A comparison is made between the respective understandings of `Ali's role in the Twelver Shi'a and Sufi expressions. With the development of British colonial rule in nineteenth century India, Muslim traditions found themselves in a new political and religious context as a minority. Movements emerged to create fresh Muslim identities by which to address this situation. Drawing upon a scholarly past tradition, Ahmad Raza Khan led the AN 1-Sunnat movement alongside other Sunni groups and the Shi'a tradition. Within British India, Muslim groups found themselves in rivalry and competition with each other for adherents and to some extent in rivalry with Christian missionaries and Hindu revivalists. Amongst the symbols used in the intra-faith conflict were the Prophet, `Ali and their family. An examination is made of the process by which religious ideas concerning `Ali have been transferred by the migration of Muslim groups from South Asia into the British context. Rivalry between Ah! i-Sunnat wa jama'at and Shi'a groups has continued in their use of `Ali as a symbol of their respective theological emphases. Critical reading of texts in English and English translation relating to the evolution of understandings of devotion to `Ali ibn Abu Talib amongst Twelver Shi'a and Ahl i-Sunnat traditions in the UK is addressedExamination follows of essential elements of devotion accorded to Imam `Ali and to the Prophet Muhammad, and the extent to which each mode of devotion has influenced the other. Parallels are examined between the two traditions regarding the sources of their respective understandings of `Ali ibn Abu Talib. Conclusions are offered from fieldwork and textual study in discussing possible common derivations of these models of devotion and understandings

Virgile Barel (1889-1979) fut la grande figure du PC français dans les Alpes-Maritimes pendant plus d'un demi-siècle. D'origine populaire, il entra à l'Ecole normale de Nice avant la guerre de 1418. Instituteur de la "frontière" en poste à Menton, il implanta le bolchévisme sur le littoral et dans l'arrière-pays niçois. A travers le thème de la "Crimée française" il contribua à diffuser le grand mythe soviétique du XXe siècle. Bon organisateur il devint permanent du Parti en 1934. Député du Front populaire, il joua un rôle de premier plan dans la naissance des congés payés et dans la politique de vacances et de loisirs du gouvernement Blum. Emprisonné en octobre 1939, déporté en Algérie pendant la deuxième guerre mondiale, il dirigea la municipalité de Nice à la Liberation. Député sous la IVe et la Ve République Barel resta toujours profondément attaché à l'URSS ainsi qu'à Nice (la "petite patrie"). Sa personnalité familière sa simplicité, sa bonhomie lui valurent jusqu'à sa disparition une popularité locale qui débordait les rangs du Parti communiste
Virgile Barel (1889-1979) was the leading figure of the French Communist Party in the region of Alpes Maritimes for over half a century. Although of working class origins, he was admitted to the Ecole normale (college of education, or teacher training school) in Nice before World war I, and became a "rural" school teacher in Menton. During this time, he worked diligently to spread bolshevik ideas throughout the coastal and provincial areas around Nice. Capitalizing on the propaganda value of the riviera's image as the "French Crimea", he helped to promote and cultivate amongst French working classes, Italian immigrants, and even local intellectuals, the great 20th century Soviet myth. Barel was an excellent organizer and became, in 1934, a permanent member of the French Communist Party. In 1936-37, as a Popular Front representative, he played a significant role in instituting paid leave for employees, workers' holidays and working-class tourism in the Mediterranean, coastal region. During World war II, he was deported to Algeria. At the time France was liberated, he led local government in Nice, then went on to become a National Assembly member during the IVth and Vth Republics. Throughout his lifetime, Barel remained deeply committed to the USSR, to Nice and to its surrounding area ("my little homeland"). Virgile Barel's friendly personality, simple tastes and generous nature were the source of his remarkable local popularity- a popularity that always went far beyond the narrow confines of the Communist Party membership

There is research of regularity of free tree mortality in various age pine stands, growing in Nbl places in master work. Presented this process’s characteristics- amounts of mortality by the number and volume of the tree. We used absolute and relational parameters of free tree mortality. An object of work- 20-140 years old pine stands, which is pure, conditionally average growing in Nbl places. Long-time investigation involved pine of the Jonava district and Berezina reserve (Belarus). Information involved free mortality from various literary sources. Aim- fined a regularity of free tree mortality. A method of work- Barrel method of forestry research was used in outdoor work’s. Inventory of barrel research was repeated 2-3 times in 4-7 years. Without our got information analyze from barrel research we used a method of met analyze, when various authors information of free tree mortality is united in one based object by the source of literature. Results of work- Tree mortality research involved 20-140 years old pine, growing in Nbl places. Our investigation and results analysis shows 2-5% trees mortality (per year) registered in pine samplings; 0,3-6% - in mide-aged pine stands; 1-5% - in premature stands; 5-6% trees mortality in mature stands. Average of size of trees mortality equal: in pine samplings- 4,2 m3/ha per year, in mide-aged stands - 2,7 m3/ha per year, in premature forests - 2,6 m3/ha per year, in mature stands - 2,7 m3/ha per year. Our appointed average and... [to full text]

Composites are the most widely used materials in the aero industry. Among the composite materials CFRP (Carbo Fiber Reinforced Polymer) usage is observed in a large percentage in comparison with other materials due to its strength, stiffness, weight ratios, etc., advantage. With the growth in usage of CFRP the complexity in assessing the fracture behaviour in the composite laminates also increased. So, it is important to study its properties under different conditions. In this study, we analyse the residual mechanical strength of composite material under hygroscopic aging, carbon/epoxy prone to small damage caused by impacts at low energies (BVID - Barely Visible Impact Damages). Low Velocity Impact (LVI) behaviour is much more concentrated along with the loading positions. Centre and near edge loading conditions are considered, analysing the properties of composite material changes in these different conditions. For the composite laminates, the fiber orientation of 0°, +45°, -45°, +90° is the main point of focus.

Osnovni zadatak ove doktorske disertacije je bio da se ispitauticaj dodatka odabranih etarskih ulja izolovanih iz začinskogi lekovitog bilja (kima, kleke i žalfije) na kvalitet finousitnjenih barenih i fermentisanih suvih kobasica. Finousitnjene barene kobasice proizvedene su sa dodatkometarskih ulja kima, kleke i žalfije u količinama od 0,1, 0,5, 1,0,2,0 i 5,0 μl/g, kao i bez dodatka etarskih ulja (kontrola), doksu fermentisane suve kobasice proizvedene sa dodatkometarskih ulja kima, kleke i žalfije u količinama od 0,01, 0,05 i0,10 μl/g, kao i bez dodatka etarskih ulja (kontrola). Dodatno,odlučeno je da se ispita i mogućnost delimične ili potpunezamene nitrita sa ovim uljima i to na fermentisanim suvimkobasica koje su proizvedene sa tri različita sadržaja nitrita (0,75 i 150 mg/kg) i dva različita sadržaja masti (15 i 25%) i čijije kvalitet i bezbednost praćen tokom 225 dana čuvanja.Kvalitet fino usitnjenih barenih i fermentisanih suvih kobasicaispitan je određivanjem i analizom fizičkih [vrednost pH, boja– instrumentalno (L*, a* i b* vrednosti)], hemijskih [TBARSvrednost, antiradikalska aktivnost prema DPPH radikalu (IC₅₀vrednost), sadržaj ukupnih fenola (samo kod fino usitnjenihbarenih kobasica)], mikrobioloških [ukupan broj aerobnihmezofilnih bakterija, ukupan broj aerobnih mezofilnihsporogenih bakterija, ukupan broj bakterija mlečne kiseline(samo kod fermentisanih suvih kobasica), ukupan brojlipolitičkih bakterija (samo kod fermentisanih suvih kobasica),ukupan broj Enterobacteriaceae, ukupan broj Escherichiacoli, ukupan broj sulfitoredukujućih klostridija, Listeria spp.(uključujući i Listeria monocytogenes) (samo kodfermentisanih suvih kobasica), ukupan broj kvasaca i plesni] isenzorskih [boja, miris (samo kod fermentisanih suvihkobasica), ukusnosti] parametara kvaliteta.Kod fino usitnjenih barenih kobasica koje su proizvedene sadodatkom etarskih ulja kima, kleke ili žalfije, u poređenju safino usitnjenim barenim kobasicama koje su proizvedene bezdodatka etarskog ulja, nezavisno od dodate koncentracije etarskih ulja, utvrđeno je sledeće: smanjenje svetloće (L*vrednosti) – utvrđena je tamnija boja, povećanje udela crveneboje (a* vrednosti), smanjenje udela žute boje (b* vrednosti),smanjenje TBARS vrednosti, smanjenje IC₅₀ vrednosti,povećanje sadržaja ukupnih fenola, smanjenje ukupnog brojaaerobnih mezofilnih bakterija, smanjenje ukupnog brojaaerobnih mezofilnih sporogenih bakterija, senzorski tamnijaboja i senzorski veći intenzitet ukusnosti, s tim da se sapovećanjem koncentracija etarskih ulja efekat smanjenjaTBARS vrednosti, smanjenja IC₅₀ vrednosti, povećanjasadržaja ukupnih fenola, smanjenja ukupnog broja aerobnihmezofilnih bakterija, smanjenja ukupnog broja aerobnihmezofilnih sporogenih bakterija i povećanja intenzitetaukusnosti još više ispoljava.Kod fermentisanih suvih kobasica koje su proizvedene sadodatkom etarskih ulja kima, kleke ili žalfije, u poređenju safermentisanim suvim kobasicama koje su proizvedene bezdodatka etarskog ulja, nezavisno od dodate koncentracijeetarskih ulja, utvrđeno je sledeće: povećanje vrednosti pH,smanjenje TBARS vrednosti, senzorski tamnija boja,senzorski veći intenzitet mirisa i senzorski veći intenzitetukusnosti, s tim da se sa povećanjem koncentracija etarskihulja efekat smanjenja TBARS vrednosti, povećanja intenzitetamirisa i povećanja intenziteta ukusnosti još više ispoljava.Kod fermentisanih suvih kobasica koje su proizvedene sadodatkom nitrita (75 i 150 mg/kg), u poređenju safermentisanim suvim kobasicama koje su proizvedene bezdodatka nitrita, utvrđeno je sledeće: veće vrednosti pH, manjesvetloće (L* vrednosti) – utvrđena je tamnija boja, što jepotvrđeno i senzorski – rangiranjem, veći udeli žute boje (b*vrednosti), manje TBARS vrednosti, veće IC₅₀ vrednosti,manji ukupan broj bakterija mlečne kiseline (samo kodfermentisanih suvih kobasica koje su proizvedene sadodatkom nitrita od 150 mg/kg), manje senzorske ocene zarazliku u boji i veće senzorske ocene za razliku u mirisu, s timda je kod fermentisanih suvih kobasica koje su proizvedene sadodatkom nitrita od 150 mg/kg, u poređenju sa fermentisanimsuvim kobasicama koje su proizvedene sa dodatkom nitrita od75 mg/kg, utvrđeno sledeće: veći udeo žute boje (b* vrednost)i manja senzorska ocena za razliku u boji.Kod fermentisanih suvih kobasica koje su proizvedene sa15% masti, u poređenju sa fermentisanim suvim kobasicamakoje su proizvedene sa 25% masti, utvrđeno je sledeće: veća vrednost pH, manja svetloća (L* vrednost) – utvrđena jetamnija boja, veći udeo crvene boje (a* vrednost), veći udeožute boje (b* vrednost), manja IC₅₀ vrednost, veći ukupan brojaerobnih mezofilnih bakterija i manja senzorska ocena zarazliku u boji.U toku čuvanja fermentisanih suvih kobasica (od neposrednonakon proizvodnje do 225 dana) utvrđeno je sledeće:povećanje vrednosti pH, smanjenje svetloće (L* vrednosti) –utvrđena je tamnija boja, povećanje udela crvene boje (a*vrednosti), povećanje udela žute boje (b* vrednosti),povećanje TBARS vrednosti, povećanje IC₅₀ vrednosti,povećanje ukupnog broja aerobnih mezofilnih bakterija,smanjenje ukupnog broja bakterija mlečne kiseline ipovećanje senzorskih ocena za razliku u boji, uz nekolikoizuzetaka koji bitnije ne odstupaju od utvrđenog trenda.
The main aim of this doctoral dissertation is to examine theinfluence of the addition of selected essential oils isolatedfrom spices and medicinal herbs (caraway, juniper, and sage)on the quality of finely comminuted cooked and dryfermented sausages. Finely comminuted cooked sausageswere produced with the addition of essential oils of caraway,juniper, and sage in the respective amounts of 0.1, 0.5, 1.0,2.0, and 5.0 μl/g, as well as without the addition of essentialoils (control group), while dry fermented sausages wereproduced with the addition of essential oils of caraway,juniper, and sage in the respective amounts of 0.01, 0.05, and0.10 μl/g, as well as without the addition of essential oils(control group). In addition, it was decided to examine thepossibility of partial or complete replacement of nitritecontents with these oils on dry fermented sausages made withthree different levels of nitrite contents (0, 75, and 150 mg/kg)and two different fat contents (15 and 25%), whose qualityand safety were monitored during 225 days of storage. Thequality of finely comminuted cooked and dry fermentedsausages was tested by determining and analysing physical[pH value, colour – instrumental (L*, a*, and b* values)],chemical [TBARS value, antiradical activity against theDPPH radical (IC50 value), total phenolic content (only forfinely comminuted cooked sausages)], microbiological [thetotal number of aerobic mesophilic bacteria, the total numberof aerobic mesophilic sporogenic bacteria, the total number oflactic acid bacteria (only for dry fermented sausages), thetotal number of lipolytic bacteria (only for dry fermentedsausages), the total number of Enterobacteriaceae, the totalnumber of Escherichia coli, the total number of sulphitereducingclostridia, total number of Listeria spp. (includingListeria monocytogenes) (only for dry fermented sausages),the total number of yeasts and moulds] and sensory [colour,odour (only for dry fermented sausages), flavour] qualityparametres. For finely comminuted cooked sausages produced with theaddition of essential oils of caraway, juniper, or sage, incomparison with finely comminuted cooked sausagesproduced without the addition of essential oils, independentlyof the added concentrations of essential oils, the followingwas determined: a decrease in lightness (L* values) – a darkercolour was determined, an increase in redness (a* values), thedecrease in yellowness (b* values), the reduction of TBARSvalues, a reduction of the IC50 values, an increase of totalphenolic content, a reduction of the total number of aerobicmesophilic bacteria, a reduction of the total number of aerobicmesophilic sporogenic bacteria, a sensory darker colour, and asensory higher intensity of flavour, with an increase in theconcentrations of the essential oils resulting in the even morepronounced effect of decreasing the TBARS values, ofdecreasing the IC50 values, of increasing the total phenoliccontent, of decreasing the total number of aerobic mesophilicbacteria, of decreasing the total number of aerobic mesophilicsporogenic bacteria, and of increasing the intensity of flavour.In the case of dry fermented sausages produced with theaddition of essential oils of caraway, juniper, or sage, incomparison with dry fermented sausages produced withoutthe addition of essential oil, independently of the addedconcentrations of essential oils, the following wasdetermined: an increase in pH values, a reduction of TBARSvalues, a sensory darker colour, a sensory higher intensity ofodour, and a sensory higher intensity of flavour, with anincrease in the concentrations of the essential oils resulting inthe even more pronounced effect of decreasing the TBARSvalues, of increasing the intensity of odour, and of increasingthe intensity of flavour.For dry fermented sausages produced with the addition ofnitrite (75 and 150 mg/kg), in comparison with dry fermentedsausages produced without the addition of nitrite, thefollowing was determined: higher values of pH, lowerlightness (L* values) – a darker colour was determined, whichwas also confirmed by sensory analysis – by ranking, higheryellowness (b* values), lower TBARS values, higher IC50values, lower total number of lactic acid bacteria (only for dryfermented sausages produced with the addition of nitrite inthe amount of 150 mg /kg), lower sensory scores for colourdifference and higher sensory scores for the difference inodour, with a higher yellowness (b* value) and a lower sensory score for colour difference determined in dryfermented sausages produced with the addition of nitrite inthe amount of 150 mg/kg, in comparison with dry fermentedsausages produced with the addition of nitrite in an amount of75 mg/kg.In the case of dry fermented sausages produced with 15% fat,compared to dry fermented sausages produced with 25% fat,the following was determined: a higher pH value, lowerlightness (L* value) – a darker colour was determined, ahigher redness (a* value), a higher yellowness (b* value), alower IC50 value, a higher total number of aerobic mesophilicbacteria, and a lower sensory score for colour difference.During storage of dry fermented sausages (from the momentof production to 225 days), the following was determined: anincrease in pH values, a decrease in lightness (L* values) – adarker colour was determined, an increase in redness (a*values), an increase in yellowness (b* values), an increase inTBARS values, an increase in IC50 values, an increase in totalnumber of aerobic mesophilic bacteria, a decrease in totalnumber of lactic acid bacteria, and an increase of sensoryscores for colour difference, with several exceptions that donot differ greatly from the established trend.

The usage of carbon fiber reinforced fiber polymer (CFRP) in the aerospace industry provides massive help. Because, they have extraordinary properties like high strength, more stiffness, and even lighter weight. Due to this reason the researchers want to find a deeper analysis of this material and provides crucial information to the aerospace and automobile industries. Among this, one field that we can look keenly in low-velocity impact behavior on CFRP. The main reason for this is because of the widespread nature of these materials. These are extremely sensitive to impact loads. Consequently, there will be an initiation of impact damage and growth which couldn’t identify through a naked eye. This is why it’s named as BVID. Usually, these failures in laminated composites are intra and interlaminar. Due to internal material damage, the life span of the material could decline especially in moisturized atmospheric conditions. This means the problem could relate to hygroscopic aging. Although we have different aging effects that could alter the aging of material hygroscopic aging should also be considered. Because when BVID is made on CFRP this Hygroscopic aging could trigger and reduces the lifespan of the material. Based on this problem the numerical and experimental investigation tells one common is the reason for this effect of aging is the thickness of the material. Because the main cause for the effect of thickness is resin and water absorption. The glass temperature (i.e 70 degrees) allows the resin properties such as physical and chemical will alter. Since we couldn’t able to see the internal damage caused by LVID (i.e 3J) we can able to estimate the damage in the internal layers of fibers by using a simulation ANSYS software. To understand these simulations are made due to the central impact. In addition to these results could even alter by the position of the impact damage. Which means the impact would be at the center of the coupon or at the near edge.

The question on whether actual tidal morphologies are in equilibrium with current environmental conditions or retain signatures of past climatic changes or human interventions is a classical and fascinating one, furthermore being of intellectual as well as practical interest. Understanding the dynamic response of tidal landscapes to past conditions is critical to predict their response to future environmental changes, such as rate of relative sea-level rise and sediment supply. This is an open and fundamentally important point, particularly in times of natural and anthropogenic changes, during which tidal environments are most exposed to possibly irreversible transformations with far-reaching socio-economic and ecological implications worldwide. The proposed work aims at analyzing the signatures of changing environmental forcings imprinted in the landscape and in the sedimentary record of the Venice Lagoon to refine our knowledge of tidal landforms dynamics. The thesis is developed following a biogeomorphic approach to the study of salt-marsh landscapes. Marsh biomorphological evolution, in response to changes in the environmental forcings, is analyzed investigating the relative role and mutual interactions and adjustments between physical and biological processes shaping the salt-marsh landscape. This thesis was carried out through a series of extensive temporal and spatial high-resolution morphological, sedimentological, geochronological and elemental analyses, aimed at exploring the main features of sub-surface marsh samples and lagoonal sediment cores. The study of sub-surface marsh samples highlights the mutual role of inorganic and organic accretion on salt marshes, which is mainly driven by the inorganic component near the channels, while the organic component largely contributes in the inner-marsh portion. The analyses carried out on sediment cores refine the knowledge of the latest Holocene sedimentary succession of the Venice Lagoon, and furnish a chronostratigraphical model for the evolution over the last two millennia. In particular, for a salt-marsh succession, the analyses highlight the occurrence of a delayed marsh-dynamic response to changing sediment delivery rates.
La questione inerente l’equilibrio delle morfologie tidali con le attuali condizioni ambientali, o se esse conservino tutt’ora i segni dei cambiamenti climatici o degli interventi antropici passati, è un argomento classico ed affascinante nel campo delle Geoscienze, oltre ad essere di interesse sia intellettuale che pratico. Comprendere i meccanismi che governano la risposta di un ambiente a marea a variazioni passate delle forzanti ambientali è fondamentale per prevedere la loro risposta a cambiamenti ambientali futuri, quali il tasso di innalzamento del livello del mare relativo e l’apporto di sedimenti. Si tratta di un tema tutt’oggi sospeso e di fondamentale importanza, soprattutto in tempi di cambiamenti sia naturali che umanamente indotti, durante i quali gli ambienti tidali sono maggiormente esposti a trasformazioni potenzialmente irreversibili, con implicazioni di vasta portata socio-economica ed ecologica in tutto il mondo. Il presente lavoro si propone di analizzare le firme del cambiamento delle forzanti ambientali impresse nella morfologia e nel record sedimentario della Laguna di Venezia, con lo scopo di affinare la conoscenza delle dinamiche tidali. La tesi volge allo studio di sistemi di barena attraverso un approccio biogeomorfologico. L’evoluzione geomorfologica delle barene, in risposta ai cambiamenti delle forzanti ambientali, è analizzata investigando il ruolo relativo, le interazioni reciproche e le regolazioni esistenti tra i processi fisici e biologici che modellano gli ambienti di barena. Il lavoro è realizzato attraverso una serie di analisi morfologiche, sedimentologiche, geocronologiche ed elementali, eseguite ad alta risoluzione spazio-temporale, volte ad esplorare le principali caratteristiche sia di campioni sub-superficiali di barena, sia di carote di sedimenti lagunari. Lo studio dei campioni sub-superficiali evidenzia il ruolo reciproco delle componenti organica ed inorganica nell’accrezione delle barene, la quale è principalmente guidata dalla componente inorganica in prossimità dei canali, mentre la componente organica contribuisce in gran parte nelle porzioni più interne delle barene. L’analisi effettuata sulle carote lagunari implementa la conoscenza della successione sedimentaria tardo-Olocenica della Laguna di Venezia, e fornisce un modello di evoluzione cronostratigrafica degli ultimi due millenni. In particolare, le analisi effettuate su una successione sedimentaria di barena, evidenziano la presenza di una risposta dinamica ritardata dell’ambiente a cambiamenti nei tassi di apporto sedimentario.

This thesis deals with design of equipment for the production of PET termoplastic fibre to be used in 3D printing by means of FDM method. Concise survey of plastics processing methods is presented herein, furthermore, structural design of equipment with necessary engineering calculations is included as well. Drawing documents with the total economic evaluation is a part of this thesis too.

This thesis is an analytical exploration of the influence of medieval theology on contemporary scholastic traditionalist polemics within Sunni Islam. Intra-Sunni sectarian polemics as an emerging area of study is relatively untouched as opposed to sectarian violence. A detailed mapping of the theological terrain from the genesis of Sunni ‘orthodoxy’ and the perennial tensions within the classical theological tradition and how they have manifested parochially into the contemporary scholastic traditionalist trends of the Barelwi, Deobandi, Ahl-i-Ḥadīth and Wahhābī within the backdrop of the Sufi-Salafi contestation of Sunni authenticity is timely. Concern regarding growing extremism prompted Muslim Ulama, academics and political leaders to create unity initiatives such as the Amman Message and the Sunni Pledge in dealing with this problem and also delineating ‘orthodoxy’. The theological basis for these neo-credos can be explained as doctrinal ‘minimalism’. Minimalism is a growing social construction of scholastic traditionalists through which the warring factions are attempting to salvage the historical continuity with ‘orthodoxy’ and placate Sunni infighting. The thesis aims to examine the theological veracity of the minimalism project and explore its doctrinal, methodological and ethical facets. Polemicism and excommunication is the current state of affairs within Sunni theological discourse. Minimalism is deemed as the antidote to this problem.

La prima parte della ricerca considera il fenomeno del cosiddetto “femminismo cristiano”, sorto per iniziativa di alcune donne che agli inizi del Novecento fondarono a Milano la rivista “L’Azione muliebre”, seguita alcuni anni dopo da “Pensiero e azione”, quali luoghi di riflessione per ripensare alla donna e al suo nuovo ruolo nella società, in rapporto anche alle esperienze femminili, nazionali e internazionali. Gli studi prendono poi in considerazione il movimento femminile cattolico alla vigilia della prima guerra mondiale, con particolare attenzione verso quella parte che si schierò a favore dell’intervento dell’Italia in guerra. L’ultima parte del lavoro analizza il sorgere e il diffondersi in Italia della Gioventù femminile di Azione Cattolica di Armida Barelli, considerando il ruolo avuto dalla GF nei cambiamenti sociali e culturali del mondo femminile fino al secondo dopoguerra.
The first part of the research considers the phenomenon of so-called "femminismo cristiano", built on the initiative of some women in the early twentieth century in Milan who founded the magazine "L'Azione muliebre", followed some years later by "Pensiero e azione", which places of reflection to think back to the woman and her new role in society, in relation to the experiences of women, national and international. The studies take into consideration the Catholic women's movement on the eve of the First World War, with particular attention to the part in favor of the intervention into the war. The last part of the paper analyzes the growth and spread in Italy of the Gioventù femminile di Azione Cattolica of Armida Barelli, considering the role played by GF in the social and cultural changes of the female world until after World War II.

La prima parte della ricerca considera il fenomeno del cosiddetto “femminismo cristiano”, sorto per iniziativa di alcune donne che agli inizi del Novecento fondarono a Milano la rivista “L’Azione muliebre”, seguita alcuni anni dopo da “Pensiero e azione”, quali luoghi di riflessione per ripensare alla donna e al suo nuovo ruolo nella società, in rapporto anche alle esperienze femminili, nazionali e internazionali. Gli studi prendono poi in considerazione il movimento femminile cattolico alla vigilia della prima guerra mondiale, con particolare attenzione verso quella parte che si schierò a favore dell’intervento dell’Italia in guerra. L’ultima parte del lavoro analizza il sorgere e il diffondersi in Italia della Gioventù femminile di Azione Cattolica di Armida Barelli, considerando il ruolo avuto dalla GF nei cambiamenti sociali e culturali del mondo femminile fino al secondo dopoguerra.
The first part of the research considers the phenomenon of so-called "femminismo cristiano", built on the initiative of some women in the early twentieth century in Milan who founded the magazine "L'Azione muliebre", followed some years later by "Pensiero e azione", which places of reflection to think back to the woman and her new role in society, in relation to the experiences of women, national and international. The studies take into consideration the Catholic women's movement on the eve of the First World War, with particular attention to the part in favor of the intervention into the war. The last part of the paper analyzes the growth and spread in Italy of the Gioventù femminile di Azione Cattolica of Armida Barelli, considering the role played by GF in the social and cultural changes of the female world until after World War II.

This master’s thesis deals with the selection and implementation of an information system for the Pavlovín winery s.r.o. In this thesis is firstly introduces the theoretical foundation necessary for the understanding of this topic and subsequently is analysed the current state of the company with an emphasis on the information system and production processes related to process procedures in the field of cellar management. The penultimate part of the thesis is connected with the evaluation of the information system variant and the subsequent selection of the optimal variant, its implementation is described in the last chapter using the technique of project management.

The aim of this qualitative interpretive research was to explore the experiences of HIV counsellors and how these experiences influence the counsellors' psychological wellbeing. The complexities of the context within which HIV pre and post test counselling occurs form the day-to-day real ity of barely trained volunteer counsellors whose task it is to counsel, inform and educate people at grass roots concerning HIV. The guiding question of the current research pertained to the experience of HIV counselors regarding the influence of their work on their own well-being. A case study design was used. In depth interviews were conducted with nine Sotho speaking HIV counselors working in primary healthcare clinics in the Sedibeng region of Gauteng. Additional data was collected through observation. Data was initially coded, using axial coding; this was followed by thematic analysis. The focus was .on the psychological well-being of the volunteer HIV counsellors. The data indicated that the participants were not overwhelmed by the many stressors of their challenging occupations. They succeeded in developing their own ways of stress relief especially through practising their spiritual beliefs and other means like participating in community activities and meaningful relationships of significant other. They experienced personal growth and empowerment in general, but especially in the field of health and sexuality. The female participants were increasingly able to negotiate safer sex. Participants' lives were enriched through amongst others the regard they received from their communities, and being in a position to give information and advice that they gained from the training and exposure to information. The participants experienced feelings of self-worth in that they were able to contribute to their communities and thereby adding meaning to their own existence. It became clear that their character strengths such as wisdom, courage, humanity, justice and transcendence enabled them to function and grow in their difficult situation. The research highlighted that the inner strengths and virtues of the volunteer counsellors enable them to persist, in challenging work conditions and socio-economic circumstances. Difficulties facing volunteer HIV counsellors that became clear are the lack of support and recognition they have to contend with. It is therefore recommended that more attention should be given by the relevant stakeholders to strengthen the support and to make more resources available to them.
Thesis (M.A. (Psychology))--North-West University, Vaal Triangle Campus, 2010.

The thesis focused on description and characteristics of spring wheat and barley and their life cycles. Thesis deals with the issue of very dangerous weed plants and deals with the possibilities of their regulation by using herbicidal preparations in the growth spring cereals. Weeds are problematic plants that negatively affect the quality of production and also the economy of cultivation. Part of the thesis is the evaluation of a small plot experiment, which was performed in the crop of the spring barley on the land of the company AGRO Dolní Bukovsko in the cadastral area of the village Sedlíkovice in the direction (of Veselí nad Lužnicí) and in the spring wheat on the land of the above mentioned company in the cadastral territory of the municipality of Radonice in year 2017. Results of weed frequency and economic evaluation of the experiment are presented in tables and graphs.

Composite materials have high in-plane mechanical properties, but are susceptible to out-of-plane impact damage. The use of non-destructive evaluation techniques, combined with mechanical testing, was investigated to characterize the progression of post-impact static and fatigue damage of composite laminates. Quasi-isotropic carbon/epoxy specimens were impacted at energy levels of 35 J and 50 J. The initial damage was characterized using ultrasonic C-scan and thermography. Residual strength testing revealed that the compressive static strength of the test specimens was reduced by over 50%. Digital image correlation was used to characterize the growth of damage and the local strain during compression-compression fatigue tests. Initially, no significant statistical trend could be measured when the fatigue data was plotted as a stress-life curve. When stress concentration factors were used to calculate and plot the local stress amplitude, a correlation with fatigue life was observed. The undamaged fatigue data was altered using damage factors which allowed for post-impact fatigue life predictions.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--York University, 2005. Graduate Programme in Political Science.
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Title: Influence of Young Barley and Chlorella Pyrenoidosa on Regeneration in Bodybuilding and Fitness Athletes Target: The aim of this work is to determine whether the use of Chlorella Pyrenoidosa (CHP) and Young Barley (MJ) products have an effect on muscle regeneration in strength athletes in the fields of bodybuilding and fitness, specifically addressing the level of the creatine kinase (CK) enzyme after strength training. Additionally, it is to find out whether the use of CHP and JM affects the quality of life of athletes. Methods: This diploma thesis is a qualitative correlation study. The theoretical part of the work was processed on the basis of information from books and electronic sources in Czech and English. For the practical part, 5 probands from the bodybuilding and fitness sports sector were purposefully selected. The group underwent blood sampling analyzed with a BECKMAN COULTRE DxC 700 analyzer for CK levels. Data on the impact of Green Food on quality of life were obtained using a record sheet entitled: "Daily Subjective Records". Statistical analysis of the Daily Subjective Record data was performed by paired t-test at the significance level of α ≤ 0.05 and subsequently graphed. Results: We found an overall linear reduction in serum CK levels in 3/5 of the probands.The 24 hour...