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Shiroshita, Akihiro, Yuya Kimura, Hiroshi Shiba, Chigusa Shirakawa, Kenya Sato, Shinya Matsushita, Keisuke Tomii, and Yuki Kataoka. "Predicting in-hospital death in pneumonic COPD exacerbation via BAP-65, CURB-65 and machine learning." ERJ Open Research 8, no. 1 (December 23, 2021): 00452–2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/23120541.00452-2021.
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IntroductionThere is no established clinical prediction model for in-hospital death among patients with pneumonic COPD exacerbation. We aimed to externally validate BAP-65 and CURB-65 and to develop a new model based on the eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) algorithm.MethodsThis multicentre cohort study included patients aged ≥40 years with pneumonic COPD exacerbation. The input data were age, sex, activities of daily living, mental status, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, respiratory rate, heart rate, peripheral blood eosinophil count and blood urea nitrogen. The primary outcome was in-hospital death. BAP-65 and CURB-65 underwent external validation using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) in the whole dataset. We used XGBoost to develop a new prediction model. We compared the AUROCs of XGBoost with that of BAP-65 and CURB-65 in the test dataset using bootstrap sampling.ResultsWe included 1190 patients with pneumonic COPD exacerbation. The in-hospital mortality was 7% (88 out of 1190). In the external validation of BAP-65 and CURB-65, the AUROCs (95% confidence interval) of BAP-65 and CURB-65 were 0.69 (0.66–0.72) and 0.69 (0.66–0.72), respectively. XGBoost showed an AUROC of 0.71 (0.62–0.81) in the test dataset. There was no significant difference in the AUROCs of XGBoost versus BAP-65 (absolute difference 0.054; 95% CI −0.057–0.16) or versus CURB-65 (absolute difference 0.0021; 95% CI −0.091–0.088).ConclusionBAP-65, CURB-65 and XGBoost showed low predictive performance for in-hospital death in pneumonic COPD exacerbation. Further large-scale studies including more variables are warranted.
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Saavedra, Miguel Ángel, Héctor Daniel Salamanca, and Libardo Andrés Carvajal. "Urgencias: Uso de la escala de severidad BAP-65 para valoración de enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica exacerbada." Revista Repertorio de Medicina y Cirugía 24, no. 1 (March 1, 2015): 51–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.31260/repertmedcir.v24.n1.2015.655.
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Clasificar la severidad de las exacerbaciones de la enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica (EPOC) es un reto porque no hay una escala unificada y específica. El objetivo del estudio es utilizar la escala BAP65 para relacionar manejo ambulatorio, intrahospitalario, necesidad de unidad de cuidados intensivos, ventilación mecánica y mortalidad. Materiales y métodos: estudio de cohorte descriptiva retrospectiva de pacientes con EPOC exacerbado que ingresaron al servicio de urgencias del Hospital de San José de Bogotá DC en el período 2011-2012. Resultados: de 252 pacientes 28 correspondieron a clasificación BAP-65: I (11.11%), 146 a BAP-65: II (57.9%), 70 a BAP-65: III (27.8%), 7 a BAP-65: IV (2.8%) y uno a BAP-65: V (0.39%). Ocho requirieron ventilación mecánica invasiva (3.1%), 11 hospitalización en UCI (4.3%) y se presentó una mortalidad (0.4%). Los que requirieron ventilación mecánica correspondieron a la escala III. Los días de hospitalización aumentaron con el grado de severidad de la escala. El único caso de mortalidad fue grado IV. Conclusiones: la escala BAP-65 se relaciona con el aumento de los días de hospitalización, manejo en UCI y mortalidad. Se requiere un estudio con mayor número de pacientes grado V para definir su conducta clínica. Abreviaturas: EPOC, enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica.
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Thapa, Ashish. "Role of BAP 65 (Blood Urea Nitrogen, Altered Mental Status, Pulse, Age 65 Years) Scoring System in Risk Stratification of Patients with Acute Exacerbation of Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease in Tertiary Care Hospital." Nepal Medical Journal 2, no. 2 (December 17, 2019): 5–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.37080/nmj.62.
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Introduction: Exacerbations are important events in the management of COPD because they negatively impact health status, rates of hospitalization and readmission, and disease progression. COPD AE is one of the commonest case presenting to the TUTH Emergency, average being 5 patients a day. The aim of the study was to co-relate the BAP 65 score, mortality and mechanical ventilation in patients with acute exacerbation of COPD.
Methods: It was an observational study, 648 patients from emergency of TUTH were screened for the study from Magh 2073 to Asar 2074 after getting approval from the institutional review boards, among them 114 were included after applying inclusion and exclusion criteria and BAP 65 score was calculated. The patients were followed till discharge, mechanical ventilation or mortality. Data entry was done in MS EXCEL and statistical analysis was done using SPSS version 24.
Results: Total of 114 patients enrolled for the study from the emergency of TUTH. There were total 16 mortality and 12 patients were mechanically ventilated. Most of the mortality and mechanical ventilation were from severe group ie BAP class IV and V. We used Pearson Chi-squared test to compare between BAP 65 class and Mortality, and found that mortality rate increased with increasing BAP 65 class with a p value of < 0.0001. The need of Mechanical Ventilation increased as well, as the BAP 65 Class increased, less than 1% of the patients with BAP class I needed MV, the cause being Type II Respiratory Failure, while around 50% of the patients with BAP class V needed MV.
Conclusions: BAP 65 score is an effective and simple tool to classify the patients presenting with AECOPD, it correlated well with both the need of mechanical ventilation and mortality. Higher the score higher the chances of severe disease.
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Manchu, Deepthi, Srinivasa S. V., Vishwanath Reddy N., Jaya Prasad V., Prasanna Kumar N., Phaneesh Bharadwaj B. S., Manoj A. G., and Venkata Subbarao K. "Prediction of outcomes in acute exacerbation of COPD with DECAF score and BAP 65 score in a rural population." International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences 8, no. 12 (November 27, 2020): 4296. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20205009.
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Background: Prognostic research in exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) requiring hospitalization has been limited and there appears to be little common ground between predictors of mortality in stable disease and during AECOPD. Furthermore, none of the prognostic tools developed in stable disease have been tested on hospitalised patients, and most require clinical measurements not routinely available at hospital admission. This study intends to test dyspnoea, eosinopenia, consolidation, acidemia, and atrial fibrillation (DECAF) and biological assessment profile (BAP) 65 Scores on Indian patients in a tertiary care set up and validate the same to be used as a routine and effective score in predicting the outcome in AECOPD. Methods: Hospital based prospective observational study was carried out in 100 patients with AECOPD who was present to general medicine. DECAF and BAP-65 Scores were calculated. Data was analyzed using SPSS 22 version software.Results: In our study both DECAF score and BAP‑65 score performed equally well for prediction of need for Mechanical Ventilation. The AUROC for need for Mechanical Ventilation was 0.77 (95% CI=0.67–0.84) for DECAF score and 0.77 (95% CI=0.67–0.85) for BAP‑65 score. The AUROC for prediction of mortality for DECAF score was 0.83 (95% confidence interval [CI]=0.74–0.89) and for BAP‑65 score was 0.79 (95% CI=0.69–0.86).Conclusions: DECAF and BAP-65 are good and also equal in predicting mortality as well as need for mechanical ventilation. Both scores can be easily applicable in AECOPD patients, so that death during hospitalization for AECOPD and need for mechanical ventilation can be minimized.
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Balaram, Deepika Shree, Narendra Kumar Narahari, Bhaskar Kakarla, Rajasekhar Varma Gande, and Paramjyothi Kruparao Gongati. "Application of BAP-65 Score for Risk Stratification of Acute Exacerbation of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease - A Prospective Observational Study in a Tertiary Care Institute in Telangana." Journal of Evidence Based Medicine and Healthcare 8, no. 29 (July 19, 2021): 2667–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.18410/jebmh/2021/491.
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BACKGROUND Acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) carries a significant morbidity and mortality with a need for frequent hospitalizations and mechanical ventilation. Thus, a model was searched that required simple information that was consistently available in emergency department, upon the presentation of the patient which allowed risk stratification and to identify patients who might potentially benefit from early intervention. METHODS This was a prospective observational study conducted over a period of 6 months, from May 2018 to December 2018 with a study sample of 136 patients. The primary objective was aimed to validate the BAP-65 score system in predicting the need for ventilatory support and mortality in patients who presented with acute exacerbation of COPD. RESULTS Mean age of the study population was 64.13 ± 9.7 and 29 (21.32 %) were females with obvious male predominance. It was observed that as the BAP-65 score increases, the mortality increases. Mortality among the score groups 0, 1 and 2 was one, zero, one respectively. The mortality is about 37.5 % in the score group 3 and it increased to 90.9 % in the score group 4. The patients who needed mechanical ventilation were about 4 % in the score group 2 and it increased to 100 % in the score group 4. BAP-65 scoring system had a sensitivity of 88.89 % and specificity of 90.68 % in predicting the in-hospital mortality, and a sensitivity of 84 % and specificity of 94.59 % in predicting the need for mechanical ventilation during hospital stay. CONCLUSIONS The BAP-65 scoring system seems to be a promising tool which is simple and accurate. The score correlated well with both the mortality and also the need for mechanical ventilation, thus helping in decision making at triage level and also in prognostication of the disease. KEYWORDS Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, Acute Exacerbation, BAP-65, AECOPD, Mortality, Mechanical Ventilation
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Fráguas, Chrystiane Borges, Carolina Martins da Vitória Dornelles, and Giuseppina Pace Pereira Lima. "Benzilaminopurina e ácido naftaleno acético na indução e multiplicação in vitro de gemas de abacaxizeiro da cultivar 'IAC Gomo-de-mel'." Ciência Rural 39, no. 6 (September 2009): 1682–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-84782009000600008.
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O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar os efeitos de BAP (6-benzilaminopurina) e NAA (ácido naftaleno acético) na indução, na multiplicação in vitro de gemas, nas brotações de Ananas comosus da cultivar 'IAC Gomo-de-mel' e a correlação desses efeitos com a atividade de peroxidase e o teor de proteína solúvel total. Foram utilizadas gemas axilares retiradas da coroa de frutos sadios, inoculadas em tubo de ensaio contendo meio de cultura MS solidificado com ágar a 5%, pH ajustado para 5,7, contendo os tratamentos que incluíam diferentes concentrações e combinações de BAP (0, 0,5, 1,0 e 1,5mg L-1) e NAA (0, 0,5 e 1,0mg L-1). Nessa fase, aos 65 dias, ocorreu a formação de 2,24 brotações, utilizando-se 1mg L-1 de BAP. Após o desenvolvimento, as gemas foram inoculadas em meio MS líquido associado a dois tratamentos (1,0mg L-1 BAP + 0,5mg L-1 NAA e 1,0mg L-1 BAP + 1,0mg L-1 NAA) e, aos 95 dias, o meio de cultura mais adequado foi aquele que continha 1,0mg L-1 BAP + 0,5mg L-1 NAA, proporcionando 7,42 brotações, menor porcentagem de hiper-hidricidade, maior número de brotações e indução de gemas. As proteínas solúveis apresentaram relação negativa com hiper-hidricidade e comprimento de brotações. A atividade da peroxidase foi maior em plantas com maior número de brotos e com maior porcentagem de hiper-hidricidade.
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Dilshad, Erum, Ayesha Asif, Hina Arooj, Samra Hayat Khan, and Syeda Marriam Bakhtiar. "Impact of BAP on in Vitro Regeneration of Potato (Solanum Tuberosum L.)." Current Trends in OMICS 1, no. 2 (December 29, 2021): 67–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.32350/cto.12.04.
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The potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) plant is grown in about 150 countries of the world and is considered an important food crop. However, this crop is susceptible to different biotic and abiotic factors, which can affect its crop yield. This vulnerability can be reduced or eliminated by growing potatoes under sterilized conditions. Cytokinins, such as 6-Benzylaminopurine, are proven to show a significant role in the in vitro regulation of plants. In the current study, explants of Kuroda variety were/potato cv. Kuroda were grown using diverse concentrations of 6-Benzylaminopurine (BAP), which displayed varied results. BAP concentration of 0.01 mg/l showed a 10 cm shoot length with 41 shoots having 66.66% regeneration efficiency. Meanwhile, the explant grown in 0.25 mg/l BAP concentration showed 16 cm shoot length with 65 shoots having 83.33% regeneration efficiency. On the other hand, the explants that were grown using 0.05 mg/l and 1 mg/l BAP concentration showed 7 cm and 10 cm shoot length with 35 and 52 shoots having 63.33% and 76.66% regeneration efficiency, respectively. Therefore, it was concluded that 0.25 mg/L of BAP showed the best results with the highest number of shoots and shoot length as well as maximum regeneration efficiency among all the tested concentrations.
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Afolabi, J. O., D. A. Adegboyega, and Y. O. Fasakin. "Growth Evaluation of In-Vitro Propagated Embryo of Morinda Citrifolia L. Seeds." Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management 25, no. 1 (March 31, 2021): 109–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/jasem.v25i1.15.
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The dormant nature of Morinda citrifolia seeds is a limitation to its efficient in-vitro plantlet multiplication. Hence, the use of embryo culture for successful in-vitro culture initiation. Matured embryo of freshly collected noni seeds were cultured on Murashige and Skoog basal medium supplemented with kinetin (Kn) and Benzyl amino purine (BAP) in the range of A: control (no addition); B: 0.5 mg/l Kn+1.0 mg/l BAP; C: 1.0 mg/l Kn+2.0 mg/l Bap; D: 1.5 mg/l Kn+3.0 mg/l BAP and E: 2.0 mg/l Kn+4.0 mg/l BAP. The results at 4 weeks after inoculation (WAI) showed that germination was faster from medium A without hormone whereas highest percentage germination was obtained from both medium D and E with 80 %. Medium B and C had 65 % each while medium A gave the least (40%). The development of the plantlets showed that longest shoot (3.9 cm) from medium A was closely related to 3.58 cm from Medium B while root lengths (2.28 cm) and number of adventitious roots (26) from medium A were significantly higher than other media at 12 WAI. Highest number of nodes (2.25) obtained from medium D was comparable to Media C and B while medium A had the least at 12 WAI. Number of leaves obtained was similar between the media at 12 WAI. These results indicated that using embryo is reliable for fast in-vitro propagation and shoot development of noni plant with optimum cytokinins (0.5/1.0 mg/l Kn/BAP) application.
Keywords: Culture initiation, Cytokinins, Embryo culture, Plantlet, Shoot development
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Masucci, Maria Teresa, Antonella Petrillo, and Vincenzo Sica. "«4 S» Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Binding Protein: Further Characterization and Kinetic Properties." Tumori Journal 73, no. 3 (June 1987): 237–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/030089168707300306.
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A protein that binds polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) with high affinity and sediments in a sucrose gradient at 4 S has been described in rat liver cytosol. This « 4 S » PAH binding protein precipitates at a 40–60% ammonium sulfate saturation. This partial purification procedure allows assay of this protein by using purified 3H-benzo(a)pyrene (3H-BaP) as radioactive ligand and dextran-coated charcoal as adsorbent for unreacted 3H-BaP. The 3H-BaP binding activity measured as a function of pH shows its maximum activity between pH 7.3 and 10.5. The « 4 S » PAH binding protein is stable up to 42 °C even in the absence of the ligand. At 65 °C the binding sites for 3H-BaP are destroyed. The binding activity assayed as a function of protein concentration is linear between 0.4 and 2 mg/ml at 0 °C, whereas at 37 °C higher protein concentrations (4 mg/ml) can be reached. Exposure to guanidine-HCl (3 M) and urea (5 M) for 20 min at 4 °C inhibits the PAH binding completely to the « 4 S » protein. Quick dilution or dialysis does not restore the binding activity. The dissociation rate of the « 4 S » PAH binding protein measured in the presence of an excess of unlabeled ligand at 0 °C is biphasic and shows a two-step, first-order kinetic pattern. At 37 °C the dissociation rate is linear and faster, and is complete after 5 min of incubation. The association rate shows the same behavior: the binding is complete after 10 min at 0 °C, whereas at 37 °C the reaction is 10 times as fast. The dissociation equilibrium constants at 0 °C and 37 °C are respectively 2.45 × 10−9 M and 1.09×10−9 M. The high rates of association and dissociation of BaP to « 4 S » PAH binding protein were used to set up an assay to exchange radioactive 3H-BaP with cold BaP.
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Niella, Fernando, Patricia Rocha, and Sandra Sharry. "Cultivo in vitro de Peltophorum dubium (Spreng.) Taub y Enterolobium contortisiliquum (Vell.) Morong." Revista de la Facultad de Agronomía 121, Especial 2 (November 29, 2022): 103. http://dx.doi.org/10.24215/16699513e103.
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Las especies Peltophorum dubium (Spreng.) (Caña fístula) y Enterolobium contortosiliquum (Vell.) Morong (Timbó), nativas del bosque atlántico interior, son de interés para la foresto-industria de la región. El desarrollo de un protocolo de propagación in vitro para ambas especies es necesario para contar con herramientas para un programa de conservación ex situ. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue determinar el medio nutritivo, concentración y tipo de reguladores de crecimiento vegetal, y tipo de explantes necesarios para la proliferación in vitro de brotes axilares, adventicios y embriones somáticos de P. dubium y E. contortisiliquum. El 100% de los explantos obtenidos de plántulas germinadas in vitro de P. dubium formaron brotes axilares, con una producción promedio de dos brotes por explante a partir de segmentos nodales cultivados en MS½+0,1 mg/l BAP. El 65% de estos brotes formaron raíces cuando fueron subcultivados a medio MS½, libre de RCV. Se reporta además en P. dubium, la formación de brotes adventicios y la inducción de embriones somáticos, que alcanzaron estadio acorazonado a partir de segmentos apicales, inducidos en MS½ suplementados con 2,4-D y BAP y diferenciados en MS½ en presencia de BAP. Por otro lado, también por primera vez, se obtuvo en E. contortisiliquum, la producción de brotes axilares a partir de segmentos nodales cultivados en MS+0,1 mg/l BAP en un 100% de los explantos y la producción de brotes adventicios (con un máximo de 6 brotes/explanto), a partir de segmentos apicales, inter-cotiledonares y nodales, cultivados en medio MS suplementados con BAP y ANA
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Gayaf, Mine, Gülistan Karadeniz, Filiz Güldaval, Gülru Polat, and Merve Türk. "Which one is superior in predicting 30 and 90 days mortality after COPD exacerbation: DECAF, CURB-65, PSI, BAP-65, PLR, NLR." Expert Review of Respiratory Medicine 15, no. 6 (March 24, 2021): 845–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17476348.2021.1901584.
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Shorr, Andrew F., Xiaowu Sun, Richard S. Johannes, Karen G. Derby, and Ying P. Tabak. "Predicting the need for mechanical ventilation in acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: Comparing the CURB-65 and BAP-65 scores." Journal of Critical Care 27, no. 6 (December 2012): 564–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcrc.2012.02.015.
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Binicier, Omer Burcak, and Hatice Cilem Binicier. "Evaluation of 880 patients diagnosed with acute pancreatitis according to the Revised Atlanta Classification: A single-center experience." Revista da Associação Médica Brasileira 66, no. 5 (May 2020): 643–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1806-9282.66.5.643.
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SUMMARY OBJECTIVE The Revised Atlanta Classification (RAC) is increasingly used in the evaluation of patients diagnosed with acute pancreatitis (AP). In our study, we aimed to evaluate the etiology, disease severity, and mortality rates of patients diagnosed with AP in our center in the previous 6 years. METHODS Patients diagnosed with AP between 2013 and 2018 were evaluated. AP etiology, demographic data, disease severity, and mortality rates according to the RAC were evaluated. RESULTS A total of 880 patients were included in the study. Five hundred and eighteen (59%) patients were female and 362 (41%) were male. Regarding the etiology, 474 (53.9%) patients had biliary AP (BAP), 71 (8.1%) had hyperlipidemic AP (HAP), and 44 (5%) had alcoholic AP (AAP). According to the RAC, 561 (63.7%) patients were considered to be in the mild AP group (MAP), 268 (30.5%) in the moderately severe AP (MSAP), and 51 (5.8%) in the severe AP (SAP). The mortality rate was 4.8% in the MSAP group and 49% in the SAP group. Mortality was 2.3 times in patients over 65 years old and 3.7 times higher in patients with ischemic heart disease. CONCLUSIONS In our country, BAP is still the main etiology of acute pancreatitis. Over the years, we have seen a decrease in BAP and idiopathic AP cases, while there was an increase in HAP cases due to factors such as lifestyle changes and fatty nutrition. We found that mortality was associated with disease severity, advanced age (> 65 y), hypertension, and ischemic heart disease regardless of the etiology.
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Aimová, Dagmar, Jitka Poljaková, Věra Kotrbová, Michaela Moserová, Eva Frei, Volker Arlt, and Marie Stiborová. "Ellipticine and benzo(a)pyrene increase their own metabolic activation via modulation of expression and enzymatic activity of cytochromes P450 1A1 and 1A2." Interdisciplinary Toxicology 1, no. 2 (September 1, 2008): 160–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10102-010-0033-z.
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Ellipticine and benzo(a)pyrene increase their own metabolic activation via modulation of expression and enzymatic activity of cytochromes P450 1A1 and 1A2Two compounds known to covalently bind to DNA after their activation with cytochromes P450 (CYPs), carcinogenic benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) and an antineoplastic agent ellipticine, were investigated for their potential to induce CYP and NADPH:CYP reductase (POR) enzymes in rodent livers, the main target organ for DNA adduct formation. Two animal models were used in the study: (i) rats as animals mimicking the fate of ellipticine in humans and (ii) mice, especially wild-type (WT) and hepatic POR null (HRN™) mouse lines. Ellipticine and BaP induce expression of CYP1A enzymes in livers of experimental models, which leads to increase in their enzymatic activity. In addition, both compounds are capable of generating DNA adducts, predominantly in livers of studied organisms. As determined by32P postlabelling analysis, levels of ellipticine-derived DNA adducts formedin vivoin the livers of HRN™ mice were reduced (by up to 65%) relative to levels in WT mice, indicating that POR mediated CYP enzyme activity is important for the activation of ellipticine. In contrast to these results, 6.4 fold higher DNA binding of BaP was observed in the livers of HRN™ mice than in WT mice. This finding suggests a detoxication role of CYP1A in BaP metabolismin vivo. Inin vitroexperiments, DNA adduct formation in calf thymus DNA was up to 25 fold higher in incubations of ellipticine or BaP with microsomes from pretreated animals than with controls. This stimulation effect was attributed to induction of CYP1A1/2 enzymes, which are responsible for oxidative activation of both compounds to the metabolites generating major DNA adductsin vitro. Taken together, these results demonstrate that by inducing CYP1A1/2, ellipticine and BaP modulate their own enzymatic metabolic activation and detoxication, thereby modulating their either pharmacological (ellipticine) and/or genotoxic potential (both compounds).
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Erniwitama, Erniwitama, Taryono Taryono, and Rudi Hari Murti. "Effect of Explant Types and Benzyl Amino Purine Concentrations on the In Vitro Regeneration of Several Local Eggplant Cultivars." Agrotechnology Innovation (Agrinova) 1, no. 1 (December 11, 2018): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/agrinova.41750.
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Eggplant as a vegetable is generally fresh consumed. Besides having a high nutritive value, eggplant contains solasonine and solamargine, which act as an antibacterial that can inhibit cancer cells, gastrictic and respiratory disorders. Eggplant also provides a unique system to study in vitro regeneration since it can be induced from different explants by different growth regulators and morphogenetic pathways. This study aims to observe the effect of explant types and BAP concentrations on the in vitro regeneration of three eggplant cultivars, Rimbang, Tanteloh and Limao. Leaf and hypocotyl explants were cultured on MS semi solid medium supplemented with BAP and IBA in combination. BAP tested at 1, 2 and 3 mgL-1 while IBA tested at 1 mgL-1. Medium containing 1 mgL-1 IBA used for rooting of regenerated shoot. The experiment was arranged in completely randomized design with five replicates. Each replicate consisted of five leaves and hypocotyl explants. Cultures were incubated at 25±10C, 65% humidity, and 16 hours per day photoperiod. Observation was done for 8 weeks of culture. The result indicated that leaf explants showed shoot initiation within 5 – 9 days of cultured, while hypocotyl explants showed the response within 7 – 12 days of cultured. Shoots formation preceded by swollen on the explants surface followed by emerging light green shoot. Leaf explants cultured on medium supplemented with 3 mgL-1 BAP + 1 mgL-1 IBA showed the maximum number of shoots regeneration while hypocotyl explants showed less of shoots in all medium. Similarly, leaf explants cultured on medium supplemented with 3 mgL-1 BAP + 1 mgL-1 IBA showed the maximum number of roots. Among the cultivars, Rimbang showed the best response than other cultivars.
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Nath, Sayantani, and Anusree Das. "Direct Organogenesis and Genetic Characterization of Solanum pseudocapsicum L. in vitro Regenerated Plants." Plant Tissue Culture and Biotechnology 24, no. 1 (June 19, 2014): 65–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ptcb.v24i1.19201.
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Solanum pseudocapsicum L. is an unexplored plant of Solanaceae having horticultural and medicinal importance. Earlier the in vitro morphogenic potential of this plant species has not been explored. Induction of direct organogenesis was obtained from internodes, leaf bases and root explants from in vitro grown seedlings and plants in MS supplemented with different concentrations and combinations of BAP (0.44 - 8.88 µM/l) and IAA (0.29 - 2.85 µM/l). Direct organogenesis was achieved in 90% of internodes, 65% of leaf bases and 75% of root explants. The optimum regeneration medium was MS supplemented with 4.44 µM/l BAP and 1.43 µM/l IAA. The regeneration rate observed six weeks after culture was approximately 20, 9 and 12 shoot buds/explants from internodes, leaf bases and root explants, respectively. cDNA RAPD analysis from organogenic stages was carried out and revealed distinct gene expression pattern. In vitro rooting in 100% shoots was achieved on MS within ten days of culture. Successfully hardened rooted plants (R0) on transfer to the field produced flowers, fruits and viable seeds (R1). Genetic characterization of R0 and R1 plants revealed stability and uniformity at the chromosomal and genomic DNA level. Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech. 24(1): 65-76, 2014 (June) D. O. I. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ptcb.v24i1.19201
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Petrova, Maria I., Ely G. Zayova, Lyudmila I. Dimitrova, Maria P. Geneva, and Kamelia D. Miladinova-Georgieva. "MICROPROPAGATION STUDIES AND ANTIOXIDANT ANALYSIS OF THE ENDANGERED PLANTS OF BULGARIAN YELLOW GENTIAN (Gentiana lutea L.)." Acta Scientiarum Polonorum Hortorum Cultus 18, no. 3 (June 18, 2019): 71–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.24326/asphc.2019.3.7.
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In order to develop an efficient micropropagation system, it is essential to establish the appropriate concentration of growth regulators for seed germination, shoot formation and rooting. Nodal segments from in vitro obtained seedlings of Gentiana lutea L. were cultured in vitro in Murashige and Skoog’s medium supplemented with BAP, Thidiazuron and Zeatin (0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 mg L−1). A maximum number of shoots with the highest height was recorded at 2.0 mg L−1 BAP. For further optimization of the process, we used nutrient media containing BAP and Zeatin with a combination of low concentration of Indoleacetic acid. MS medium containing 2.0 mg L−1 Zeatin and 0.2 mg L−1 IAA resulted in maximum numbers of shoots 94.3) with shoot height 2.5 cm. The multiple plants were successfully ex vitro acclimatized with 65% survival. The presence of growth regulators (2.0 mg L−1 Zeatin and 0.2 mg L−1 IAA) in the nutrient media resulted in an effective antioxidant activity in G. Lutea determined by the low molecular antioxidant metabolites such as phenols and flavonoids and activities of antioxidant enzymes – catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, guaiacol peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase. The described protocol allows the establishment of numerous micropropaged plants of rare and endangered G. lutea.
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Prates, Gisele De Fátima, Flávio Augusto de Oliveira Garcia, Fabiana Schmidt Bandeira Peres, and Kátia Cylene Lombardi. "CITOCININA NA SOBREVIVÊNCIA E PRODUTIVIDADE DE MINICEPAS DE EUCALYPTUS BENTHAMII CULTIVADAS EM MINIJARDIM CLONAL." REVISTA ENGENHARIA NA AGRICULTURA - REVENG 27, no. 3 (June 19, 2019): 248–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.13083/reveng.v27i3.851.
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Este artigo teve como objetivo avaliar o efeito regulador de crescimento do 6-benzilaminopurina (BAP) na sobrevivência e produtividade de brotações em minicepas de Eucalyptus benthamii conduzidas em sistema hidropônico. Para isso, foram montados dois experimentos em épocas distintas. Para a formação do minijardim clonal em sistema hidropônico, foram utilizadas mudas clonais de E. benthamii com aproximadamente 100 dias de idade. As mudas foram cultivadas em jardineiras contendo a solução nutritiva. Os experimentos foram conduzidos em delineamento em blocos ao acaso com 4 blocos e 5 tratamentos com 10 plantas por parcela no primeiro ensaio e 6 plantas no segundo. Os tratamentos foram constituídos de quatro doses de BAP e uma testemunha. No segundo ensaio, as minicepas apresentaram taxa de sobrevivência de 63, 45, 65, 64 e 58, respectivamente, para os tratamentos 1, 2, 3, 4 e 5. O melhor desempenho foi registrado pela testemunha com produtividade média de 20, 14 e 8 minestacas, respectivamente, na 1ª, 2ª e 3ª coletas.
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BRAGA, MARCELO FIDELES, MARIA EUGÊNIA LISEI DE SÁ, and PATRÍCIA CRYSTIE MUSTAFÁ. "AVALIAÇÃO DE UM PROTOCOLO PARA MULTIPLICAÇÃO IN VITRO DA BANANEIRA (Musa sp.) CV. CAIPIRA (AAA)." Revista Brasileira de Fruticultura 23, no. 2 (August 2001): 215–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0100-29452001000200002.
Full textAbstract:
Explantes de bananeira cv. Caipiras (AAA) foram cultivados in vitro. Nas subculturas de estabelecimento e multiplicação, o meio utilizado foi MS + 5 mg/l de BAP e, na de enraizamento, 50%MS sem BAP. Na avaliação das subculturas, a maior contaminação ocorreu no estabelecimento (74,7%), seguindo decrescente até o enraizamento, com 5,6%. O número de brotos por frasco diminui ao longo das subculturas, atingindo 3,7 brotos na subculturas 1 e 1,7 na subcultura 4. O tamanho dos brotos permaneceu entre 24 e 26 mm, nas subculturas de 1 a 3, diminuindo na subcultura 4, com 22 mm. Como conseqüência, a classe de brotos menores (x <FONT FACE=Symbol>£</FONT> 20 mm) predominou, variando de 56% na subcultura 1 para 65% na subcultura 4. No enraizamento, a predominância (62%) foi de brotos na faixa entre 30 e 60 mm, com média de 4,6 brotos por frasco. A avaliação geral do processo indicou um rendimento real de 70,9 mudas/rizoma.
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N, Srikanth, Surapaneni Sasank, and Preetham K. "Decaf Score in Predicting Prognosis of Acute Exacerbation of Copd in Patient Required Hospital and ICU Admission." Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences 18, no. 5 (September 15, 2022): 161–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.47836/mjmhs.18.5.22.
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Introduction: Exacerbation refers to deterioration of patient’s respiratory indications and requires a robust scoring tool for subjects suffering from Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) undergoing acute exacerbation. The Dyspnoea, Eosinopenia, Consolidation, Acidaemia, and atrial Fibrillation (DECAF) score can be utilized bedside and predicts in-hospital mortality using indices. The study aimed at assessing the prognostic standards (of duration of ICU stay, hospital stay and mortality) and the sensitivity and specificity of acute exacerbation of COPD patients based on DECAF score. Methods: This prospective study was carried out in a tertiary hospital with 84 patients between October 2016 to September 2018. On admission, DECAF score of all patients with acute exacerbation of COPD was noted and admitted to ICU. The mean duration of stay in ICU and hospital were compared. Various components of APACHE II, BAP 65, CURB 65 were also noted on admission. Results: Mean age of population was 68.29±11.80 with male predominance (68%). The study observed mortality in 6% of patients with mean ICU stay of 3.65±2.21 days and mean hospital stay of 6.45±3.28 days. For a score of 5 and 6 mean DECAF score could not be calculated as the mortality rate was 100%. ROC of DECAF score was 0.81 which was more than APACHE II (0.72) and BAP 65 (0.69) (p-value 0.07 and 0.056 suggested significance). Conclusion: The DECAF Score has been observed to be a stronger predictor for hospital mortality. Higher the DECAF score, higher is the in-hospital death rate. The DECAF score also helps in forecasting the duration of ICU stay and hospital stay.
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Giorgio, Daniela, Adriana Di Trana, Paola Di Gregorio, Andrea Rando, Marcella Avondo, Adriana Bonanno, Bernardo Valenti, and Antonino Di Grigoli. "Oxidative Status of Goats with Different CSN1S1 Genotypes Fed ad Libitum with Fresh and Dry Forages." Antioxidants 9, no. 3 (March 9, 2020): 224. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox9030224.
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Forty late-lactation Girgentana goats were used to study the effect of diets fed ad libitum and αS1-casein (CSN1S1) genotype on redox balance. The goats genotyped at CSN1S1 locus (A/A, A/F) were subjected to four feeding treatments different for percentage inclusion of dry and fresh forage: DAF100 (98% of Dry Alfalfa Forage), DAF65 (65% of Dry Alfalfa Forage), FSF100 (100% of Fresh Sulla Forage) and FSF65 (65% of Fresh Sulla Forage). Blood samples were analyzed for superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) activity, reactive oxygen metabolites (ROMs), biological antioxidant potential (BAP) and non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA), beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHBA), albumin, glucose and cholesterol contents. The oxidative stress index (OSI) was calculated as percentage ratio of ROMs to BAP. Redox balance was improved by Sulla inclusion, as reflected in the lower OSI values found in FSF100 and FSF65 groups. DAF100 group displayed the highest GPX activity, while other groups exhibited the highest SOD activity. Fresh forage diets increased albumin concentration while no effect of tested factors was noted on glucose, NEFA, BHBA and cholesterol contents. The interaction diet × genotype was significant only for GPX activity. GPX and albumin were negatively correlated and were correlated positively and negatively with ROMs, respectively. Diet rather than genotype affects redox balance in dairy goats and a possible role of forage polyphenol compounds on oxidative status needs to be tested in future studies.
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Carranza Patiño, Mercedes Susana, Ariel Escobar Troya, Héctor Reyes Morán, Jaime Morante Carriel, José Enrique Nieto Rodríguez, Maria Lorena Cadme, Orly Fernando Cevallos Falquez, and Washington Fernando Mora Silva. "PROPAGACIÓN CLONAL in vitro DE Swietenia macrophylla King (CAOBA)." Ciencia y Tecnología 6, no. 2 (May 12, 2014): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.18779/cyt.v6i2.133.
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La caoba (Swietenia macrophylla) es una especie forestal maderable de múltiples usos, apreciada por su dureza, resistencia, belleza y calidad. La explotación intensiva y un inadecuado sistema de aprovechamiento de la especie han ocasionado la disminución de la variabilidad genética, haciendo imposible la aplicación de programas de mejoramiento genético de caoba en el Ecuador. El cultivo in vitro es una técnica que ayudaría a disminuir este problema mediante la producción de plantas con alta robustez genética. El objetivo de esta investigación fue establecer un método que facilite la propagación in vitro de caoba a partir de segmentos nodales, empleados en la fase de establecimiento con diferentes concentraciones de Ca(ClO)2 y tiempos de exposición. La contaminación por microorganismos fue controlada con 15 g de Ca(ClO)2 durante 20 min, alcanzando el 95% de sobrevivencia. Los explantes sanos fueron transferidos a un medio de cultivo MS/2 con distintos niveles de bencilaminopurina (BAP) y ácido indolbutírico (AIB) para su multiplicación in vitro, obteniéndose 70% de brotes con 2 mg L-1 de BAP en combinación con 1 mg L-1 de AIB. Los mejores brotes de la fase de multiplicación se colocaron en medio de cultivo MS/2 con diferentes concentraciones de ANA para facilitar su enraizamiento, ninguno de los tratamientos ensayados permitió generar raíces a los 21 días de su evaluación, aunque el mayor porcentaje de sobrevivencia (65%) se obtuvo al combinar 2 mg L-1 BAP + 1 mg L-1 ANA.
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Carranza Patiño, Mercedes Susana, Ariel Escobar Troya, Héctor Reyes Morán, Jaime Morante Carriel, José Enrique Nieto Rodríguez, Maria Lorena Cadme, Orly Fernando Cevallos Falquez, and Washington Fernando Mora Silva. "PROPAGACIÓN CLONAL in vitro DE Swietenia macrophylla King (CAOBA)." Ciencia y Tecnología 6, no. 2 (May 12, 2014): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.18779/cyt.v6i2.177.
Full textAbstract:
La caoba (Swietenia macrophylla) es una especie forestal maderable de múltiples usos, apreciada por su dureza, resistencia, belleza y calidad. La explotación intensiva y un inadecuado sistema de aprovechamiento de la especie han ocasionado la disminución de la variabilidad genética, haciendo imposible la aplicación de programas de mejoramiento genético de caoba en el Ecuador. El cultivo in vitro es una técnica que ayudaría a disminuir este problema mediante la producción de plantas con alta robustez genética. El objetivo de esta investigación fue establecer un método que facilite la propagación in vitro de caoba a partir de segmentos nodales, empleados en la fase de establecimiento con diferentes concentraciones de Ca(ClO)2 y tiempos de exposición. La contaminación por microorganismos fue controlada con 15 g de Ca(ClO)2 durante 20 min, alcanzando el 95% de sobrevivencia. Los explantes sanos fueron transferidos a un medio de cultivo MS/2 con distintos niveles de bencilaminopurina (BAP) y ácido indolbutírico (AIB) para su multiplicación in vitro, obteniéndose 70% de brotes con 2 mg L-1 de BAP en combinación con 1 mg L-1 de AIB. Los mejores brotes de la fase de multiplicación se colocaron en medio de cultivo MS/2 con diferentes concentraciones de ANA para facilitar su enraizamiento, ninguno de los tratamientos ensayados permitió generar raíces a los 21 días de su evaluación, aunque el mayor porcentaje de sobrevivencia (65%) se obtuvo al combinar 2 mg L-1 BAP + 1 mg L-1 ANA.
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Carranza Patiño, Mercedes Susana, Ariel Escobar Troya, Héctor Reyes Morán, Jaime Morante Carriel, José Enrique Nieto Rodríguez, Maria Lorena Cadme, Orly Fernando Cevallos Falquez, and Washington Fernando Mora Silva. "PROPAGACIÓN CLONAL in vitro DE Swietenia macrophylla King (CAOBA)." Ciencia y Tecnología 6, no. 2 (May 12, 2014): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.18779/cyt.v6i2.89.
Full textAbstract:
La caoba (Swietenia macrophylla) es una especie forestal maderable de múltiples usos, apreciada por su dureza, resistencia, belleza y calidad. La explotación intensiva y un inadecuado sistema de aprovechamiento de la especie han ocasionado la disminución de la variabilidad genética, haciendo imposible la aplicación de programas de mejoramiento genético de caoba en el Ecuador. El cultivo in vitro es una técnica que ayudaría a disminuir este problema mediante la producción de plantas con alta robustez genética. El objetivo de esta investigación fue establecer un método que facilite la propagación in vitro de caoba a partir de segmentos nodales, empleados en la fase de establecimiento con diferentes concentraciones de Ca(ClO)2 y tiempos de exposición. La contaminación por microorganismos fue controlada con 15 g de Ca(ClO)2 durante 20 min, alcanzando el 95% de sobrevivencia. Los explantes sanos fueron transferidos a un medio de cultivo MS/2 con distintos niveles de bencilaminopurina (BAP) y ácido indolbutírico (AIB) para su multiplicación in vitro, obteniéndose 70% de brotes con 2 mg L-1 de BAP en combinación con 1 mg L-1 de AIB. Los mejores brotes de la fase de multiplicación se colocaron en medio de cultivo MS/2 con diferentes concentraciones de ANA para facilitar su enraizamiento, ninguno de los tratamientos ensayados permitió generar raíces a los 21 días de su evaluación, aunque el mayor porcentaje de sobrevivencia (65%) se obtuvo al combinar 2 mg L-1 BAP + 1 mg L-1 ANA.
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Sriyook, Siriphun, Somboon Siriatiwat, and Jingtair Siriphanich. "Durian Fruit Dehiscence—Water Status and Ethylene." HortScience 29, no. 10 (October 1994): 1195–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.29.10.1195.
Full textAbstract:
Immature and mature durian (Durio zibethinus Murr.) fruit dehiscence was studied. Fruit were stored at 27C and 65% or 95% relative humidity, with or without 24-hour exposure to 100 ppm ethylene. Low relative humidity and ethylene increased fruit dehiscence. Spraying fruit with 100 ppm GA3 delayed dehiscence but allowed pulp ripening to continue. The plant-growth regulators IBA; 2,4-D; 2,4,5-T; BAP; daminozide; and mepiquat chloride had no consistent effects on fruit dehiscence. Various coating materials delayed dehiscence and ripening; a sucrose fatty acid ester at 1% concentration gave the best result. All coating materials reduced weight loss 7% to 14% below that of the control fruit. Fruit coated with the sucrose fatty acid ester and 100% apple wax had higher internal CO2 levels than fruit coated with any other coating. Ethylene is more important in durian fruit dehiscence than weight loss. Chemical names used: 3-indolebutyric acid (IBA); 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D); 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4,5-T); 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP); succinic acid-2,2-dimethyl hydrazide (daminozide); 1,1-dimethyl-piperidinium chloride (mepiquat chloride); gibberellic acid (GA3).
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Norberto Rodríguez, Carlos, Orlando Pretel Sevillano, Wilson Reyna Sánchez, and Doris Mercado Paredes. "Efecto de 6-bencylaminopurina y acido indolacético en la micropropagación in vitro de yemas de Dianthus caryophyllus L. “clavel”." REVISTA MÉDICA VALLEJIANA/ Vallejian Medical Journal 4, no. 2 (December 10, 2019): 132–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.18050/revistamedicavallejiana.v4i2.2237.
Full textAbstract:
En el presente trabajo se ha estudiado el efecto de 6-Bencylaminopurina (BAP) y Acido Indolacético (AIA) en la estimulación de proliferación de brotes en yemas de Dianthus caryophyllus L. “clavel” cultivados in vitro. Se ha demostrado que la combinación de 3,0:1,5 mg/L de 6-Bencylaminopurina / Acido Indolacético ha generado el mayor número de brotes con un promedio de 22 brotes por yema sembrados en el medio, en un periodo de tiempo de 65 días e incubada a una temperatura de 26± 2ºC, iluminación 3000 lux y fotoperiodo 16/8 hrs. (luz/oscuridad) empleando fluorescentes de luz blanca.
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Siregar, Luthfi Aziz Mahmud, Lambok Turnip, and I.M. Revandi Damanik. "Immersion in 6-Benzylaminopurine for Dormancy Release and Initiation of Potato Sprouts at Various Tuber Weight and Storage Duration." Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Agronomy) 49, no. 1 (April 30, 2021): 60–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.24831/jai.v49i1.34374.
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One of the main obstacles in providing quality potato seed tubers is the long dormancy period of the potato seeds. A study that explores this has been carried out to elucidate the response of dormancy release and initiation of potato sprouts to the differences in tuber weight and storage duration before immersion in cytokinin (6-benzylaminopurine). The study was conducted at the seed warehouse UPT Horticulture Parent Seed Kutagadung Berastagi, Department of Food and Horticulture of North Sumatra Province, from November 2018 to January 2019. The research was carried out with a factorial completely randomized design with two factors, namely (i) tuber weight, consisting of 4 levels [25-35 g, 55-65 g, 85-95g, and 115-125 g]; and (ii) tuber storage duration before immersion in 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) solution, consisting of 5 levels [control (without immersion), 1, 15, 30, and 45 days after harvest]. Tuber weight, storage duration before immersion, and the interaction of the two factors showed significant effects in dormancy breaking time, germination percentage, germination rate, number of sprouts, and length of sprouts. The number and length of the sprouts increased with the increasing tuber weight and storage duration before immersion in BAP.
Keywords: cytokinin, germination, Solanum tuberosum L., tuber seeds
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Gonbad, Reza Azadi, Uma Rani Sinniah, Maheran Abdul Aziz, and Rosfarizan Mohamad. "Influence of Cytokinins in Combination with GA3on Shoot Multiplication and Elongation of Tea Clone Iran 100 (Camellia sinensis(L.) O. Kuntze)." Scientific World Journal 2014 (2014): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/943054.
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The use ofin vitroculture has been accepted as an efficient technique for clonal propagation of many woody plants. In the present research, we report the results of a number of experiments aimed at optimizing micropropagation protocol for tea (Camellia sinensis(L.) O. Kuntze) (clone Iran 100) using nodal segments as the explant. The effect of different combinations and concentrations of plant growth regulators (PGR) (BAP, TDZ, GA3) on shoot multiplication and elongation was assessed. The influence of exposure to IBA in liquid form prior to transfer to solid media on rooting of tea microshoots was investigated. The results of this study showed that the best treatment for nodal segment multiplication in terms of the number of shoot per explant and shoot elongation was obtained using 3 mg/L BAP in combination with 0.5 mg/L GA3. TDZ was found to be inappropriate for multiplication of tea clone Iran 100 as it resulted in hyperhydricity especially at concentrations higher than 0.05 mg/L. Healthy shoots treated with 300 mg/L IBA for 30 min followed by transfer to 1/2 strength MS medium devoid of PGR resulted in 72.3% of shoots producing roots and upon transferring them to acclimatization chamber 65% survival was obtained prior to field transfer.
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Martínez Hernández, María de Jesús, Sandra Ivonne Sánchez Hernández, Doris Castillo Rocha, Mauricio Luna Rodríguez, and Mauricio Luna Rodríguez. "Desinfección de segmentos nodales en el establecimiento in vitro de Erythrina americana Miller." Revista Biológico Agropecuaria Tuxpan 5, no. 1 (June 30, 2017): 10–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.47808/revistabioagro.v5i1.87.
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Con la finalidad de establecer un protocolo de desinfección y multiplicación in vitro para la obtención de plántulas de Erythrina americana Miller, se evaluaron dos diferentes desinfectantes etanol e hipoclorito de sodio en concentraciones porcentuales de 35, 45, 55, 65 y 70 (v/v) y 20, 25, 30, 35 y 40 respectivamente, con tiempos de inmersión de 5, 10, 15, 20 y 25 minutos para ambos; se utilizaron segmentos nodales de 2.0 cm de longitud. El medio de cultivo utilizado fue Murashige y Skoog (MS) adicionado con 3% de sacarosa, vitaminas y bencilamino purina (BAP) 0.5 mgL-1 y Ácido indolbutírico (AIB) 0.1 mgL-1. Los resultados
mostraron que la inmersión de los segmentos nodales en elevadas concentraciones y tiempos prolongados registraron el 100% de muerte por necrosis de los tejidos, sin embargo, con las soluciones de etanol al 35 % (v/v) e hipoclorito de sodio al 30% (v/v) con un tiempo de cinco minutos de inmersión, controlaron la contaminación fúngica o bacteriana, sin afectar la viabilidad de los segmentos nodales. Con la concentración de BAP 0.5 mgL-1 y AIB 0.1 mgL-1, se estimuló una yema durante la etapa de multiplicación, lo cual indicó, que es necesario hacer más combinaciones de reguladores del crecimiento a fin de obtener la concentración óptima que estimulen el mayor número de yemas posibles. Los resultados obtenidos permitieron comprobar que micropropagar esta especie es una alternativa viable para su comercialización, conservación y reforestación de zonas degradas.
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Fernandez Da Silva, Rafael, Pedro Ramírez, Jorge Silva, Vincenzo Storaci, Liaska Cuamo, Zoraya De Guglielmo, and Gunta Smits. "Establecimiento de un sistema de selección in vitro de variedades venezolanas de arroz (Oryza sativa L.) resistentes al hongo Pyricularia grisea." Acta Biológica Colombiana 22, no. 1 (January 1, 2017): 85. http://dx.doi.org/10.15446/abc.v22n1.56933.
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El arroz, luego del trigo, es el cereal más importante del mundo, sin embargo, es susceptible al ataque de numerosos patógenos, siendo Pyricularia grisea, el más dañino. Este trabajo estableció un sistema de selección in vitro de variedades venezolanas a P. grisea, optimizando el sistema de regeneración por embriogénesis somática (inducción, regeneración y estrés por desecación), sometiendo el callo embriogénico (E) a presión de selección del filtrado crudo “FC” a través de cambios a la misma concentración “MC” o por incrementos progresivos en la concentración “IPC”, obteniendo plantas tolerantes al fitopatógeno. El máximo porcentaje de inducción de callo embriogénico oscilo entre 30-65 %, en las cuatro variedades (Araure-4 y Venezuela 21: 1 mg.L-1 + 2 mg.L-1 K; Cimarrón: 3 mg.L-1 + 2 mg.L-1 K; Centauro: 1 mg.L-1 + 2 mg.L-1 BAP), mientras que la regeneración estuvo entre 44 y 52 % con 0.5 mg.L-1 + 2 mg.L-1 BAP a 48 h de desecación para Centauro y 24 h para las otras tres variedades. La frecuencia regenerativa de los callos E disminuyo a medida que se incrementó la concentración del FC, independientemente del método de presión selectiva. El promedio de plantas diferenciada por variedad, dependió del método de presión usado, siendo el sistema IPC (25 % para Centauro y 50 % para las otras tres variedades) el que mostro los resultados más favorables, evidenciándose que para las condiciones de los sistemas selectivos de FC evaluados, la resistencia expresada a nivel de planta in vivo no corresponde a la encontrada in vitro.
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Fargo, Erik C., and Jeffrey A. Adkins. "(242) Callus Induction and Regeneration in Hydrangea macrophylla (Thunb.) Ser." HortScience 41, no. 4 (July 2006): 1041B—1041. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.41.4.1041b.
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Development of a reliable method for Hydrangea macrophylla (Thunb.) Ser. organogenesis is critical for developing an in-vitro mutagenesis protocol. Container-grown (11.8 L) H. macrophylla `Nikko Blue' plants were maintained in a controlled environment greenhouse, with supplemental lighting (1600 hr to 2400 hr mercury vapor lamp), fertilized with 65 g Nutricote total (18N–2.6P–6.6K, Agrivert, Inc., New York, N.Y.) and hand-watered. To reduce fungal contamination, stock plants were sprayed to run-off biweekly with Alliette WDG (375 mg·L-1, aluminum tris), Bayleton (250 mg·L-1, triadimefon), and Heritage (25 mg·L-1, azoxystrobin). Leaf explants were sterilized with 0%, 10%, 15%, or 20% bleach (5.25% sodium hypochlorite) (by volume) for 10 or 15 min, and stem explants were sterilized with 0%, 10%, 25%, or 50% bleach (5.25% sodium hypochlorite) for 10 or 15 min. About 97% of fungal contaminates were eliminated from leaf and stem explants when treated with 10% bleach for either 10 or 15 min. Leaves were plated on Gamborg B5 media at pH 5.7 containing 0, 2.5, 5, or 10 μM 2,4-D and 0, 0.25, 0.5, or 1.0 μM BAP and placed in a controlled environment growth room under a 14-h photoperiod or in a dark growth chamber. Callogenesis followed by root organogenesis was observed on explants treated with a variety of concentrations and combinations of 2,4-D and BAP. Strongest callogenesis was observed on media supplemented with 10 μM 2,4-D. A greater callus concentration was observed along the edges of dark cultured leaf discs. Indirect root induction was greatest on 10 μM 2,4-D.
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Lubis, Siti Taqwa Fitria, E. N. Keliat, and Alwinsyah Abidin. "Perbandingan Skor DECAF dengan Skor BAP-65 terhadap Kematian dalam Tiga Puluh Hari pada Pasien PPOK Eksaserbasi Akut di RSUP H. Adam Malik Medan." Majalah Kedokteran Bandung 48, no. 1 (March 2016): 7–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.15395/mkb.v48n1.727.
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Sica, Vincenzo, Donato Pulcini, Carlo Masi, Rita Pagnotta, Ivana Biondi, and Maria Teresa Masucci. "Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Binding Macromolecules. Identification, Characterization and Temperature Activation of a 4.5 S Binding Nucleoprotein." Tumori Journal 71, no. 5 (October 1985): 407–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/030089168507100501.
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A macromolecule binding 3H-methyIcholanthrene (3H-MCA) and 3H-benzo(a)pyrene (3H-BaP) and sedimenting in the 4-5 S region of sucrose gradient (4.5 S) was identified in rat liver cytosol. The binding was displaced by 100-fold molar excess unlabeled ligands whereas 2,3,7,8-tetrachloro-dibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) was ineffective. The dissociation constant for both polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) was of the order of 10−3 M or lower. Both 3H-MCA and 3H-BaP bound to 4.5 S in a non covalent manner, since 92 % of the bound radioactivity was extractable with ethyl ether. Furthermore the binding was stronghly reduced by urea 8 M and by guanidine. HCl 4 M (99 and 70 % respectively). Thin layer chromatography of the ehtyl ether-solubilized radioactivity showed a peak comigrating with PAHs used as standards. When chromatographed on Sephadex G-200, 4.5 S was eluted as a sharp peak with an apparent molecular weight of 50-60,000 daltons. Enzyme treatment of liver cytosol showed that the 4.5 S binding sites were destroyed by micrococcal nuclease (92 % of inhibition). Papain and phosphodiesterase I and II reduced the binding to 50 %, whereas DNase I, DNase II, RNase, phospholipase A2 andC and trypsin were ineffective. These data suggest that the PAHs binding macromolecule of rat liver cytosol is a protein associated with a polynucleotide. The binding of both PAHs was enhanced by increasing the incubation temperature, the maximum being reached after 20-30 min at 37 °C. After 2.5 min at 65 °C, binding sites were completely destroyed. The same temperature-induced « activation » was obtained also by prewarming the cytosol at 37 °C in the absence of ligands.
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Alfandi, Alfian, and Fadli A. Natsif. "Kekuatan Keterangan Saksi Verbalisan Ditinjau Dari Segi Pembuktian." Alauddin Law Development Journal 4, no. 1 (March 31, 2022): 133–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.24252/aldev.v4i1.16947.
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Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana kedudukan saksi verbalisan di dalam KUHAP, dan juga mengetahui faktor apa yang menyebabkan sehingga saksi verbalisan dihadirkan di dalam proses persidangan serta dapat mengetahui bagaimana kekuatan pembuktian terhadap keterangan saksi verbalisan Penelitian ini dilaksanankan di Pengadilan Negeri Makassar, dengan menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif lapangan dengan cara turun langsung kelapangan dengan melakukan wawancara dengan hakim, selain itu penulis juga mengambil landasan teoritis dengan mempelajari buku-buku, karya ilmiah, artikel-artikel dan peraturan perundang-undangan yang berkaitan dengan judul skripsi dan masalah objek penelitian. Adapun hasil penelitian yang diperoleh, yaitu: 1) Kedudukan Saksi verbalisan tidak diatur di dalam KUHAP namun mengenai makna dari saksi verbalisan yaitu hakim mengambil dasar hukum dari putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 65/PUU-VIII/2010. Sebagai dasar hukum saksi verbalisan. 2) Faktor yang menyebabkan sehingga saksi verbalisan dihadirkan dalam proses persidangan karena terdakwa atau saksi menyangkali perbuatannya atau tidak mengakui kesalahan-kesalahan yang terdapat di dalam Berita Acara Penyidikan. (BAP).
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York, Mary K., Ellen Jo Baron, Jill E. Clarridge, Richard B. Thomson, and Melvin P. Weinstein. "Multilaboratory Validation of Rapid Spot Tests for Identification of Escherichia coli." Journal of Clinical Microbiology 38, no. 9 (2000): 3394–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jcm.38.9.3394-3398.2000.
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To validate the accuracy of rapid tests for identification ofEscherichia coli, five laboratories sequentially collected 1,064 fresh, clinically significant strains with core criteria of indole-positive, oxidase-negative, nonspreading organisms on sheep blood agar plates (BAP), having typical gram-negative rod plate morphology, defined as good growth on gram-negative rod-selective media. An algorithm using beta-hemolysis on BAP, lactose reaction on eosin-methylene blue or MacConkey agar,l-pyrrolidonyl-β-naphthylamide (PYR), and 4-methylumbelliferyl-β-d-glucuronide (MUG) was evaluated. Identifications using the algorithm were compared to those obtained using commercial kit system identifications. One thousand strains wereE. coli and 64 were not E. coli by kit identifications, which were supplemented with conventional biochemical testing of low probability profiles. Of the 1,064 isolates meeting the core criteria, 294 were beta-hemolytic and did not require further testing to be identified as E. coli. None of the 64 non-E. coli strains were hemolytic, although other indole-positive, lactose-negative species were found to be hemolytic when further strains were examined in a follow-up study. Of the remaining strains, 628 were identified as E. coli by a lactose-positive and PYR-negative reaction. For nonhemolytic, lactose-negative E. coli, PYR was not helpful, but a positive MUG reaction identified 65 of 78 isolates as E. coli. The remaining 13 E. coli strains required kit identifications. This scheme for E. coli identification misidentified three non-E. coli strains as E. coli, for an error rate of 0.3%. A total of 13 kit identifications, 657 PYR tests, and 113 MUG tests were needed to identify 1,000 E. coli strains with the algorithm. The use of this rapid system saves laboratory resources, provides timely identifications, and yields rare misidentifications.
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FÁRI, MIKLÓS, GERALDO MILANEZ DE RESENDE, and NATONIEL FRANKLIN DE MELO. "Avaliação da capacidade de regeneração in vitro em tomateiro industrial." Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira 35, no. 8 (August 2000): 1523–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0100-204x2000000800004.
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Este trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar a capacidade de regeneração das cultivares de tomateiro industrial (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill) IPA-5 e IPA-6, utilizando quatro composições de meio de cultura descritos na literatura e cinco variações de inoculação. Foi testada uma nova variação de inoculação, denominada cotilédone fendido. A maior freqüência de formação de gemas vegetativas foi 100% no caso de IPA-5, e 65% no caso de IPA-6. Para induzir o alongamento de brotos, foram necessários três subcultivos dos explantes apresentando gemas. No caso de IPA-5, o número de brotos obtidos foi maior quando a indução de gemas foi realizada em meio contendo BAP (2,5 mg L-1) e AIA (0,2 mg L-1) seguido de três subcultivos, em meio como zeatina (0,5 mg L-1). Usando esse protocolo, a cultivar IPA-5 produziu uma média de 5,45 brotos alongados a partir do cotilédone fendido. Essa capacidade excedeu significativamente o cotilédone aparado, que produziu 4,4 brotos alongados por explante. No caso de IPA-6, a melhor combinação de meios e método de inoculação produziu 0,87 broto alongado por explante. Os brotos alongados foram enraizados e transferidos para casa de vegetação.
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Abbaszadeh, Faeze, Alka Hasani, Mohammad Ahangarzadeh Rezaee, Javid Sadeghi, Akbar Hasani, Mahin Ahangar Oskouee, and Abolfazl Vahhabi. "Genetic characterization of extensive drug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii: an appalling impediment." Folia Medica 63, no. 5 (October 31, 2021): 726–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/folmed.63.e56566.
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Introduction:Acinetobacter baumannii infections are a growing public-health concern. The bacterium’s potentiality to acquire resistance to a number of commonly used antibiotics has turned it into a formidable pathogen. Aims: Molecular characterization of extensive drug resistant (XDR) typing of A. baumannii clinical isolates by polymerase chain reaction. Materials and methods: Thirty XDR A. baumannii were investigated for the presence of genes encoding carbapenemase resistance, biofilm capacity, autoinducer synthase, virulence and surface motility by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Later, the isolates were typed by plasmid-based replicon (Rep) (PBRT) and trilocus sequence typing. Results: All 30 XDR A. baumannii strains displayed genes related to surface motility, autoinducer synthase, virulence determinant, biofilm related genes except PER, and bap, the frequency of which was 83.3% and 76.6%, respectively. Analysis of rep genes showed highest frequency of rep6 and rep2 genes, with frequency of 75% and 65%, respectively. All XDR A. baumannii strains belonged to SG I (European clone II) group. Conclusions: Our results show the extraordinary plasticity of XDR A. baumannii and suggest that the strains have gained endemicity in our hospital, which could be a great concern in the near future.
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Bhattacharyya, Soumi, and Nirmalya Banerjee. "Influence of Cytokinins on Rhizome Mediated Growth and Morphogenesis of an Endangered Medicinal Orchid Geodorum densiflorum (Lam.) Schltr." Plant Tissue Culture and Biotechnology 30, no. 1 (June 25, 2020): 65–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ptcb.v30i1.47792.
Full textAbstract:
Effects of different nutrient media, vitamins and peptone on in vitro asymbiotic seed germination of Geodorum densiflorum (Lam.) Schltr. were studied. In vitro developed rhizomes were used to determine the influence of cytokinins on growth and morphogenesis. Seed germination and survival rate of protocorms were highest in MS medium compared to other basal media. The protocorms raised through seed germination directly proliferated into rhizomes in later phase of growth and development. Nodal portions of rhizomes further exhibited growth through formation of direct and callus mediated protocorm like bodies. In general, three types of rhizome movements were noticed; viz. positively geotropic, negatively geotropic and diagravitropic movements. In the PGR free control and in the presence of NAA alone rhizomes exhibited positively geotropic movements. On the contrary, presence of cytokinin either alone or in combination with NAA exhibited diagravitropic movements. Application of TDZ completely suppressed the positively geotropic movement and enhanced the frequency of negatively geotropic movement of rhizomes followed by shoot bud formation. BAP was most effective cytokinin for large scale rhizome mediated multiplication of Geodorum densiflorum and TDZ could be effectively employed for rapid leafy shoot regeneration.
Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech. 30(1): 65-75, 2020 (June)
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Palta, J. A., and C. Ludwig. "Yield response of narrow-leafed lupin plants to variations in pod number." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 49, no. 1 (1998): 63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/a97092.
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The effect of pod number on the seed yield and components of seed yield was examined for narrow-leafed lupin (Lupinus angustifolius L.) grown at a plant density of 36 plants/m2 in both the glasshouse and the field. Diflerent numbers of pods per plant in the glasshouse-grown lupin were generated by the application of N6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) to a specific number of flowers to ensure artificially that they set pods, and the subsequent removal of the remaining untreated flowers. Pod number ranged from 6 to 65 pods/plant in the glasshouse and was naturally distributed from 2 to 22 pods/plant in the field. Increases in seed yield per plant occurred as pod number per plant increased from 2 to 30 pods. No further increases in seed yield resulted when pod number per plant increased from 30 to 55 pods. Seed yield per plant was depressed as pod number increased from 55 to 65 pods. Seed size fell as pod number per plant increased over 20 pods and was less affected once the number of seeds per pod was reduced. The reduction in seed number per pod resulted from an increase in the number of seeds that aborted during seed filling. The data suggest that at a plant density of 36 plants/m2 there is potential for improving seed yield per plant by increasing the number of pods that reach maturity, provided it does not exceed 30 pods/plant. However, if consideration is given to producing large seeds, often preferred by buyers, the number of pods per plant should not exceed 20 pods.
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Malik, Roopa, and Viral Sangwan. "Dyspnea, eosinopenia, consolidation, acidemia and atrial fibrillation score and BAP-65 score, tools for prediction of mortality in acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: A comparative pilot study." Indian Journal of Critical Care Medicine 21, no. 10 (2017): 671–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/ijccm.ijccm_148_17.
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Araujo, J., A. J. Armstrong, E. L. Braud, E. Posadas, M. Lonberg, G. E. Gallick, G. C. Trudel, P. Paliwal, S. Agrawal, and C. J. Logothetis. "Dasatinib and docetaxel combination treatment for patients with castration-resistant progressive prostate cancer: A phase I/II study (CA180086)." Journal of Clinical Oncology 27, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2009): 5061. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2009.27.15_suppl.5061.
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5061 Background: Dasatinib, a potent inhibitor of SRC family kinases, inhibits in vitro prostate cancer cell proliferation and migration. Consistent with those findings are the clinical observations that osteoclast activity and bone turnover are downregulated in patients treated with dasatinib. We report promising preliminary results of dasatinib in combination with docetaxel (D) for treatment of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). Methods: Male pts with progressive CRPC and castrate levels of testosterone (≤50 ng/dL) requiring chemotherapy were enrolled. Escalating doses of dasatinib (50–120 mg QD) and D (60–75 mg/m2 Q 21 days) were evaluated (n = 16) followed by enrollment of 30 pts at the phase 2-selected dose (100 mg dasatinib QD + D at 75 mg/m2 Q 21 days). Continuation of bisphosphonates was permitted; anti-androgens were discontinued. Primary endpoint (Ph. 2) was to determine drug-drug interactions. Secondary endpoints were: changes in PSA, bone scans and tumor size, bone metabolism [urinary N-telopeptide (uNTX) and bone alkaline phosphatase (BAP)] and PK. Results: 46 pts were treated with 28 pts still on therapy. Median treatment duration (n = 18, pts off study) was 4.2 months (0.13–9.63). Preliminary analysis showed no interaction between dasatinib and D. PSA response was seen in 13/32 (41%) pts, clinical benefit (PR + SD) for RECIST-evaluable pts was 21/21, [7 PR, 5 uPR and 4 SD (at ≥21 wks) and 5 SD at ≥6 wk)]. Of 31 pts with bone scans, 30 patients had a best response of either improved (32%) or stable (65%) at ≥6 weeks. For pts with measurable bone markers levels, 12/26 (46%) had a ≥35% decrease in uNTX and 17/24 (71%) had a decrease in BAP from baseline. 6 of 42 pts experienced ≥ grade 3 adverse events (AEs), including fatigue, myelosuppression and pleural effusion (n = 1). Most common grade 1/2 AEs were fatigue, dysgeusia, GI, and skin disorders. Conclusions: Dasatinib and D at doses up to 120 mg QD and 75 mg/m2 are safe with manageable toxicities and no drug-drug interactions. These data confirm the antitumor and antiosteoclast activity of dasatinib in combination with D and serve as the basis for the ongoing phase III study of this combination. [Table: see text]
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Muarofah, Binti, and Dinda Minawa. "Deteksi Bakteri Staphylococcus spp. Pada Sekret Vagina Ibu Hamil Di RSIA Citra Keluarga Kota Kediri." Jurnal Sintesis: Penelitian Sains, Terapan dan Analisisnya 2, no. 1 (August 4, 2022): 32–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.56399/jst.v2i1.17.
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Vagina ibu hamil yang sehat mengandung mikroorganisme flora normal yang berperan dalam pertahanan tubuh, ketidakseimbangan flora vagina dapat menyebabkan infeksi pada ibu hamil. Infeksi merupakan salah satu penyebab utama yang secara langsung menyebabkan komplikasi kehamilan. Skrining lebih dini penting dilakukan melalui pemeriksaan bakteri dari sekret vagina ibu hamil. Sekret vagina yang dibiarkan akan menimbulkan keputihan. Keputihan disebabkan oleh berbagai macam mikroorganisme. Staphylococcus spp merupakan salah satu bakteri yang terdapat pada sekret vagina, bakteri ini jika dibiarkan akan menimbulkan komplikasi pada kehamilan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeteksi adanya bakteri Staphylococcus spp. dan untuk mengetahui persentase Staphylococcus spp. dari sekret vagina ibu hamil di RSIA Citra Keluarga Kota Kediri. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif dengan 20 sampel, dan menggunakan teknik non probability sampling secara purposive sampling. Sampel yang digunakan yaitu sekret vagina ibu hamil trisemester III (usia kehamilan 30-40 minggu). Penelitian ini dilakukan menggunakan metode uji biakan kultur pada media BAP, MSA, dan NAS, kemudian dilanjutkan dengan uji katalase dan koagulase untuk mengetahui spesies Staphylococcus spp. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan sebanyak 7 sampel dengan persentase 35% didapatkan bakteri Staphylococcus aureus dan 13 sampel dengan persentase 65% didapatkan bakteri Staphylococcus epidermidis. Hal ini dikarenakan bakteri Staphylococcus aureus dan Staphylococcus epidermidis merupakan bakteri yang sering menyebabkan vaginitis dan flora normal pada urogenital.
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Moura, Elisa Ferreira, and Sérgio Yoshimitsu Motoike. "Induction of somatic embryogenesis in immature seeds of guavatree cv. Paluma." Revista Brasileira de Fruticultura 31, no. 2 (June 2009): 507–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0100-29452009000200027.
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The biotechnological techniques may help solve many problems of guava culture, such as the high perishability of fruits. Somatic embryogenesis can generate highly multiplicative cell cultures and with high regenerative potential, serving as basis for genetic transformation. The aim of this work was to obtain somatic embryogenesis of guava (Psidium guajava L.) cv. Paluma. Immature seeds were used, and they were inoculated in MS environment containing 400 mg L-1 of L-glutamine, 100 mg L-1 myo-inositol, 60 g L-1 sucrose, 100 mg L-1 ascorbic acid and supplemented with different types and concentrations of growth regulators. Embryogenic callus appeared after 37 days of culture in an environment containing 1.0 mg L-1 2.4-D + 2.0 mg L-1 2-ip, in 7% of the explants. After 65 days of culture, the treatment containing 0.5 mg L-1 CPA showed 20% of explants with direct embryos, while the treatment with 1 mg L-1 had 14% of explants with direct embryos and 7% of explants with embryogenic callus. In 66.6% of embryos regenerated with 0.5 mg L¹ CPA there was the formation of secondary embryos. The use of IASP and BAP, aiming embryogenesis proliferation, led to an increase in the cellular proliferation, but calli apparently lost their embryogenic potential.
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Amaro-Espejo, Isabel A., María D. R. Castañeda-Chávez, Joaquín Murguía-González, Fabiola Lango-Reynoso, Karina P. Bañuelos-Hernández, María E. Galindo-Tovar, and Ana M. Fernández-Martínez. "Absorption and Translocation Capacity of Cadmium in Papaya (Carica papaya L.) Plants With Addition of Organic Matter." Journal of Agricultural Science 15, no. 3 (February 15, 2023): 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jas.v15n3p29.
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Cadmium (Cd) is a toxic element that can be easily absorbed by crops, and can enter through the frequent use of fertilizers in crop areas. The objective of this study was to evaluate the bioaccumulation percentage (BAP) and translocation factor (TF) of Cd in papaya plants exposed to contaminated soils at 50, 100 and 150 mg L-1 and at two concentrations of organic matter: 2% and 10%-MO. Growth variables, chlorophyll and metal concentration were measured after 10 months of cultivation. The results indicated that the greatest growth occurred in soil at 10%-OM in relation to those grown at 2%-OM. Cd bioaccumulation was leaves < stem < root (9 < 22 < 68%) at 50 mg L-1, (7 < 29 < 65%) at 100 mg L-1 and (4 < 34 < 63%) at 150 mg L-1, observing the greatest accumulation in the root. The findings showed that organic matter in soil decreases the availability of metal uptake in the roots. The translocation results were < 1, indicating that the root has the ability to restrict metal transport to the aerial part in plants grown in 10%-OM soil, however, in 2%-OM soil it tends to increase this metal accumulation, suggesting that the application of organic amendments is an alternative to reduce the risk of Cd absorption in agricultural soils.
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Cardozo, Barbarita Mantilla, Carlos Arturo Ramírez Sierra, Sebastián Valvuena Benítez, Lilian Muñoz Marrugo, Gustavo Adolfo Hincapíe Díaz, and Alirio Rodrigo Bastidas Goyes. "Saturación de oxígeno/fracción inspirada de oxígeno como predictor de mortalidad en pacientes con exacerbación de EPOC atendidos en el Hospital Militar Central." Acta Médica Colombiana 42, no. 4 (December 15, 2017): 215–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.36104/amc.2017.1126.
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Trabajo ganador del Primer Puesto del Premio “Trabajo de Investigación Clínica - Residentes”,
otorgado por el X Congreso SOLAMI – XXVI Congreso ACMI-ACP, Cartagena 17 – 20 de agosto de 2017.
Introducción: La validez de la relación saturación arterial de oxígeno y fracción inspiratoria de oxígeno (SaO2/FiO2), calculada por oximetría de pulso y por gases arteriales en pacientes con exacerbación de la enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica (E-EPOC) a la altitud de Bogotá no son conocidos, los pacientes con EPOC pueden presentar alteraciones en el intercambio de gases que pueden empeorar con los episodios de broncoespasmo, obtener valores de la SaO2 por oximetría y FiO2 puede brindar información valiosa sobre el curso de la exacerbación.
Objetivo. Determinar la validez de la relación SaO2/FiO2 calculada por oximetría de pulso y por gases arteriales con relación a los desenlaces de ventilación mecánica (VM) y mortalidad a 7 y 30 días.
Métodos. Se realizó un estudio de cohorte prospectivo con análisis de prueba diagnóstica calculando los puntajes DECAF, BAP-65, CURB-65, gases arteriales y oximetría de pulso al ingreso de pacientes con E-EPOC, se evaluó el desenlace de mortalidad a los 7 y 30 días de ingreso y el requerimiento de VM durante su hospitalización, se calculó la relación SaO2/FiO2 utilizando la SaO2 obtenida en los gases arteriales y de manera independiente la relación SaO2/FiO2 con la SaO2 obtenida por oximetría de pulso, con los datos obtenidos se calculó los valores de sensibilidad (S), especificidad (E), valor predictivo positivo (VPP), valor predictivo negativo (VPN), razón de verosimilitud positiva (LR+), razón de verosimilitud negativa (LR-) y área bajo la curva de características operativas del receptor (ACOR).
Resultados. Se analizaron 462 E-EPOC, el requerimiento de VM fue del 14,3% y mortalidad a 30 días del 5,71%, la sensibilidad de la relación SaO2/FiO2 calculada por oximetría de pulso para desenlace de VM fue del 84,6%(IC95%:75-94,2), especificidad 42%(IC95%:37-47), VPP: 19,6%(IC95%:14,8-24,4), VPN: 94,3%(IC95%:90,5-98), LR+: 1,46(IC95%:1,28-1,67), LR: 0,37(IC95%:0,20-1,67), ACOR: 0,779%(IC95%:0,711-0,847) p
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Hoffmann, Luana Tiara, Ricardo Bittencourt, Carmem Lúcia Sperlich, and Iasmin Tassi Grott. "Germinação in vitro de <i>Raulinoa echinata</i> R. S. Cowan (Rutaceae): sementes e embriões zigóticos." Ciência Florestal 32, no. 3 (September 22, 2022): 1187–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.5902/1980509837874.
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Raulinoa echinata é uma espécie endêmica do Vale do Itajaí/Santa Catarina, ameaçada de extinção e que se encontra em ambiente vulnerável e, devido ao fato de possuir sementes recalcitrantes, as técnicas in vitro são uma das estratégias mais indicadas para sua conservação ex situ. Tendo isso em vista, o objetivo deste trabalho foi estabelecer a espécie Raulinoa echinata in vitro por meio da germinação de sementes e embriões zigóticos. As sementes foram retiradas de frutos maduros e submetidas a tratamentos de embebição em ácido giberélico (GA3) e de imersão em soluções de álcool, hipoclorito de sódio e fungicida (Benlate 500®); sendo inoculadas em meio de cultura de Murashige e Skoog (MS) sem reguladores de crescimento. Para o resgate dos embriões zigóticos, a metodologia consistiu-se em: coleta e assepsia de frutos imaturos; abertura dos frutos e retirada das sementes; assepsia das sementes; resgate dos embriões e remoção do endosperma; e inoculação dos embriões em meio de cultura MS suplementado com reguladores de crescimento: 6-benzilaminopurina (BAP), ácido 1-naftalenoacético (ANA) e GA3, isolados e em associação. As metodologias propostas para a assepsia das sementes mostram-se satisfatórias, porém não houve germinação após 65 dias de cultivo independente do tempo de embebição em GA3; formulando-se a hipótese de que o endosperma da espécie possui inibidores de crescimento que impedem a germinação in vitro. Para os embriões zigóticos, o meio de cultura MS sem reguladores de crescimento mostrou-se eficiente para a germinação (80%) e para o desenvolvimento, sendo que o futuro estabelecimento de um protocolo de criopreservação para os embriões zigóticos da espécie mostra-se promissor para a conservação ex situ.
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Mohammadi, Hamid, Mohsen Janmohammadi, and Naser Sabaghnia. "Chlorophyll fluorescence response of wheat to exogenous application of growth regulators under terminal drought stress." Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Sklodowska, sectio C – Biologia 70, no. 1 (September 7, 2015): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.17951/c.2015.70.1.13.
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<p>Drought stress negatively affects plant photosynthesis and disturbs the electron transport activity. Evaluation of the chlorophyll fluorescence parameters might reflect influence of the environmental stress on plants and can be applied as an indicator of the primary photochemistry of photosynthesis. In current study the effect of foliar application of benzylaminopurine (BAP, a synthetic cytokinin) and abscisic acid (ABA) on chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of relatively drought tolerant (Pishtaz) and susceptible (Karaj3) bread wheat genotypes under well watered and terminal water deficit condition have been evaluated. Terminal drought was induced by withholding water at anthesis stage (Zadoks scale 65). Results showed that coefficient of non-photochemical quenching of variable fluorescence (qN), quantum yield of PS II photochemistry (ΦPSII) and photochemical quenching (qP) were affected by hormone spray treatments. So that evaluation of parameters at 7 day after foliar treatments revealed that ABA significantly increased electron transport rate (ETR) and qN while considerably decreased ΦPSII, gs and maximum quantum yield of photosystem II (Fv/Fm). However exogenous application of cytokinin could increase gs, Fv/Fm and ΦPSII and the highest value of these parameters was recorded in <em>cytokinin </em>treated plants of Pishtaze cv. under well watered condition. Nevertheless, evaluation of the parameters in different periods after spraying showed that with approaching the maturity stage some traits like as gs, Fv/Fm and ETR significantly decreased in both genotypes. Evaluation of gs and Chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of genotypes between different irrigation levels showed that although cv. Pishtaz showed higher performance of PSII under well watered condition, it failed to maintain its superiority under stress condition. This finding suggests that some more responsive parameter like gs, Fv/Fm and ΦPSII can be considered as reliable indicator for understanding the biochemical and physiological effects of exogenous application of phytohormones under terminal drought stress.</p>
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Pizza, Vincenzo, Paola Antonini, Rossella Marino, Giovanni D’Arena, Serena Grazia Lucibello, Marianna Rizzo, David A. Brenner, Dilip V. Jeste, and Salvatore Di Somma. "Cognitive Health of Nonagenarians in Southern Italy: A Descriptive Analysis from a Cross-Sectional, Home-Based Pilot Study of Exceptional Longevity (Cilento Initiative on Aging Outcomes or CIAO)." Medicina 56, no. 5 (May 5, 2020): 218. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina56050218.
Full textAbstract:
Background and objectives: Nonagenarians and centenarians (NCs) are an extremely fragile population, particularly in regard to their physical and cognitive function. The aim of this study was to define the neurocognitive profiles among 29 NCs and their 49 younger cohabitants aged 50–75 years from The Cilento Initiative on Aging Outcomes (CIAO) Pilot study in the South of Italy that had provided initial hypotheses regarding positive psychological traits related to exceptional longevity. Materials and Methods: During the home visits, lifestyle information with specific questionnaires, functional autonomy and the neuropsychological Mini Mental Scale Examination (MMSE), and the Alzheimer’s Disease Assessment Scale-Cognitive (ADAS-Cog) scale were obtained by qualified study personnel. The total blood oxidative capacity was also determined by testing the reactive derivative of oxygen metabolites (d-ROM) and by the Biological Antioxidant Potential (BAP). In all individuals, the APOE genotype determination was also performed. Results: All the subjects in both groups showed high adherence to the Mediterranean Diet. None of the NCs had severe cognitive impairment, and a very low incidence of dementia was found. The data obtained on the Activities ed Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (ADL-IADL) scale showed that the majority of NCs (16/29) were autonomous in daily life activities. The comparative assessment of NCs and cohabitants showed no significant differences in the laboratory assessment of oxidative stress and APOE genotype. Conclusions: In the Cilento Region of Southern Italy, NCs seemed to have good cognitive status when compared to younger cohabitants aging 50–65 years without significant differences in oxidative stress markers or APOE genotype. These results might be related to optimal adherence to the Mediterranean diet, although other lifestyle factors and positive personality traits may also contribute to their healthy aging. Further studies on a larger population should be performed to confirm the results of this pilot study.
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Johnson, Thomas E., David Hermanson, Lei Wang, Fekadu Kassie, Pramod Upadhyaya, Michael G. O'Sullivan, Stephen S. Hecht, Junxuan Lu, and Chengguo Xing. "Lung Tumorigenesis Suppressing Effects of a Commercial Kava Extract and Its Selected Compounds in A/J Mice." American Journal of Chinese Medicine 39, no. 04 (January 2011): 727–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0192415x11009202.
Full textAbstract:
Lung cancer is the most deadly malignancy in the US. Chemoprevention is potentially a complementary approach to smoking cessation for lung cancer control. Recently, we reported that a commercially available form of kava extract significantly inhibits 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK) and benzo(a)pyrene (BaP)-induced lung tumorigenesis in A/J mice at a dose of 10 mg per gram diet. In the present study, we examined the dose-dependent lung tumor inhibitory activities of kava and investigated potential active constituent(s). Mice treated with carcinogen alone contained 12.1±5.8 lung adenomas per mouse 22 weeks after final carcinogen administration. Mice that were fed diets containing kava at dosages of 1.25, 2.5, 5, and 10 mg/g of diet had 8.4±3.5, 6.6±3.5, 4.3±2.4, and 3.8±2.3 lung adenomas per mouse, respectively. This corresponds to a reduction of 31%, 46%, 65% and 69% in tumor multiplicity, which were all statistically significant (p < 0.05). Analyses of lung adenoma tissues derived from kava-treated animals revealed that kava significantly inhibited adenoma cell proliferation while it had no detectable effect on cell death, indicating that kava primarily suppressed lung tumorigenesis in A/J mice via inhibition of cell proliferation. Flavokawains A, B, and C, three chalcone-based components from kava, demonstrated greatly reduced chemopreventive efficacies even at concentrations much higher than their natural abundance, suggesting that they alone were unlikely to be responsible for kava's chemopreventive activity. Kava at all dosages and treatment regimens did not induce detectable adverse effects, particularly with respect to liver. Specifically, kava treatment showed no effect on liver integrity indicator enzymes or liver weight, indicating that kava may be potentially safe for long-term chemopreventive application.
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Kirika, Margaret W., Jane W. Kahia, Lucien N. Diby, Eliud M. Njagi, Colombe Dadjo, and Christophe Kouame. "Micropropagation of an Endangered Medicinal and Indigenous Multipurpose Tree Species: Erythrina abyssinica." HortScience 50, no. 5 (May 2015): 738–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.50.5.738.
Full textAbstract:
Erythrina abyssinica (E. abyssinica) is a multipurpose tree and a well-known medicinal plant which is conventionally propagated mainly by seeds. This method may produce a high degree of genetic variability and consequently decrease the medicinal value of the plant. Besides, the seeds have low germination rate and propagation is restricted to rainy season. Hence, there is need to develop a propagation protocol which produces a uniform plants and one which is not restricted to seasons. The objective of this study was to establish an in vitro propagation protocol for the multiplication of E. abyssinica. Seeds were sterilized and germinated in vitro to get sterile starting explants. Sterilization of the seeds was evaluated using different concentrations of a commercial bleach (JIK) ranging from 10%, 20% to 30% for 25 minutes. Kinetin (2.25, 4.50, 6.75, and 9.0 mg/L), and benzylaminopurine (BAP; 2.15, 4.30, 6.46, and 8.61 mg/L) were evaluated in separate experiments for their effect to induce microshoots from nodal explants. Rooting of the microshoot was carried out using half strength Murashige and Skoog (MS) media supplemented with indolebutyric acid (IBA) (0.20, 0.51, and 1.02 mg/L). Statistical analysis software (SAS) package was used to perform analysis of variance on the data to test the significance of the difference between treatments. The result of the sterilization experiment indicated that 10% JIK gave the highest percentage (55%) of clean seeds. Benzylaminopurine evaluated at 8.61 mg/L gave the highest mean number of microshoots (6.80 ± 1.24) after 28 days. On the other hand, IBA evaluated at 0.51mg/L gave the highest mean root length (6.00 ± 01.85 cm). The regenerated plants were acclimatized in the greenhouse and 65% survival rate was recorded after one month. With the increasing worldwide demand for medicinal plants as an alternative to prescription drugs, ex situ, in situ conservation programs and true to type mass propagation of E. abyssinica could benefit from the findings of this study. This is the first report on micropropagation of E. abyssinica.