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1
Pawere, Frandz Rumbiak, and John Arnold Palulungan. "Karakteristik Karkas Bandikut (Echymipera kalubu) di Kabupaten Manokwari." Jurnal Ilmu Peternakan dan Veteriner Tropis (Journal of Tropical Animal and Veterinary Science) 10, no. 1 (May 5, 2020): 8. http://dx.doi.org/10.46549/jipvet.v10i1.72.
Full textAbstract:
The research purpose is to investigate the characteristics of bandicoot’s (Echymipera kalubu) carcass in the Manokwari Regency, West Papua Province. Thirty-two (32) bandicoots, with the age of ± 4-month-old, were used for this study, the subjects consisted of 16 males and 16 females. The research method used was the exploration method. The results showed that the bodyweight of males and females bandicoot was 1709.38 ± 506.31 g and 976.63 ± 296.11 g (P<0.05). Carcass weight of males and females bandicoot was 1339 ± 449.53 g and 738.22 ± 233.50 g (P<0.05) respectively. Carcass percentage of males and females bandicoot was 77.15 ± 6.24 % and 75.10 ± 4.32 % (P>0.05). The weight cut forequarter of males and females bandicoot was 614.85±221.87 g and 311.67±101.83 g (P<0,05). The weight cut of the hindquarter of males and females bandicoot was 768.76±377.66 g and 397.89±142.18 g (P<0,05). Fore carcass percentages of males and females bandicoot were 45.48±2.20 % and 42.39±3.50 % (P<0,05). Hind carcass percentage of males and females bandicoot was 56.22±12.22 % and 53.63±6.82% (P>0,05). In conclusion, there are differences in body weight, carcass weight, fore carcass weight, rear carcass weight, and the percentage of fore carcass weight between male and female Echymipera kalubu. On the other hand, there is no difference in the percentage of carcass and rear carcass percentage between male and female Echymipera kalubu.
2
Driessen, M. M., S. A. Mallick, and G. J. Hocking. "Habitat of the Eastern Barred Bandicoot, Perameles gunnii, in Tasmania: an Analysis of Road-kills." Wildlife Research 23, no. 6 (1996): 721. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr9960721.
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The habitat requirements of the eastern barred bandicoot, Perameles gunnii, in Tasmania were investigated with road-kill survey data and by mapping habitat features along survey routes. Road-kills of eastern barred bandicoots were most numerous in the South-east and North-west, less common in the North-east and Midlands, and very uncommon on the East Coast. Logistic regression of bandicoot presencelabsence data suggested that traffic volume is the major determinant of the road-kill distribution of eastern barred bandicoots around Tasmania. Along with traffic volume, rainfall was found to be strongly associated with the presence of eastern barred bandicoot road-kills for the state combined and for the South-east and Northeast, while along the Huon Highway in the South-east, soil depth was associated with the presence of roadkills. Favoured habitat of the eastem barred bandicoot is high-quality agricultural land with deep soils and high rainfall. It is hypothesised that clearing for agriculture in south-eastem, north-eastem and north-westem Tasmania has opened up previously unsuitable, heavily forested habitat for colonisation by eastern barred bandicoots. The resulting mosaic of pasture and remnant bush appears to provide ideal habitat for the eastern barred bandicoot. However, the majority of bandicoot habitat is found on private land, making the species vulnerable to changes in farming practices. Possible management options are briefly discussed.
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Cuthbert, Richard J., and Matthew J. H. Denny. "Aspects of the ecology of the kalubu bandicoot (Echymipera kalubu) and observations on Raffray’s bandicoot (Peroryctes raffrayanus), Eastern Highlands Province, Papua New Guinea." Australian Mammalogy 36, no. 1 (2014): 21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/am13003.
Full textAbstract:
Bandicoots in the family Peroryctidae in New Guinea are widespread and relatively abundant, but little is known of their ecology. We present the first detailed study on the ecology of the kalubu bandicoot (Echymipera kalubu) and observations on Raffray’s bandicoot (Peroryctes raffrayanus), from mid-montane forest in Papua New Guinea. Both species were primarily nocturnal and utilised a range of habitats including those modified by human activity, although Raffray’s bandicoot was more frequently encountered in less disturbed areas. Male kalubu bandicoots were larger than females, with larger animals having larger short-term home ranges and evidence for intrasexual territoriality. Mean short-term home-range size was 2.8 ha (MCP, n = 10), with an estimated population density of ~85 animals km–2 in the study area. Female kalubu bandicoots attained sexual maturity at ~400 g and 67% of mature females were reproductively active with an average of 1.5 young per litter. Both species were hunted, but their density, rate of reproduction and use of modified habitats suggest that they were able to withstand current hunting levels.
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Withers, PC. "Metabolism, Water-Balance and Temperature Regulation in the Golden Bandicoot (Isoodon-Auratus)." Australian Journal of Zoology 40, no. 5 (1992): 523. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/zo9920523.
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The Barrow I. golden bandicoot (Isoodon auratus) is a small arid-adapted marsupial. It has a low and labile body temperature, a low basal metabolic rate, a low thermal conductance, and a low rate of evaporative water loss. Its metabolic, thermal and hygric physiology resembles that of another arid-adapted bandicoot, the bilby, and differs from temperate and tropical bandicoots.
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Valentine, Leonie E., Hannah Anderson, Giles E. StJ Hardy, and Patricia A. Fleming. "Foraging activity by the southern brown bandicoot (Isoodon obesulus) as a mechanism for soil turnover." Australian Journal of Zoology 60, no. 6 (2012): 419. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/zo13030.
Full textAbstract:
Mammals that forage for food by biopedturbation can alter the biotic and abiotic characteristics of their habitat, influencing ecosystem structure and function. Bandicoots, bilbies, bettongs and potoroos are the primary digging marsupials in Australia, although most of these species have declined throughout their range. This study used a snapshot approach to estimate the soil turnover capacity of the southern brown bandicoot (Isoodon obesulus, Shaw 1797), a persisting digging Australian marsupial, at Yalgorup National Park, Western Australia. The number of southern brown bandicoots was estimated using mark–recapture techniques. To provide an index of digging activity per animal, we quantified the number of new foraging pits and bandicoot nose pokes across 18 plots within the same area. The amount of soil displaced and physical structure of foraging pits were examined from moulds of 47 fresh foraging pits. We estimated that an individual southern brown bandicoot could create ~45 foraging pits per day, displacing ~10.74 kg of soil, which extrapolates to ~3.9 tonnes of soil each year. The digging activities of the southern brown bandicoots are likely to be a critical component of soil ecosystem processes.
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Izdebska, Joanna N., Leszek Rolbiecki, Serge Morand, and Alexis Ribas. "A new species and new host record of Demodecidae (Acariformes: Prostigmata) associated with the bandicoot rat (Rodentia: Muridae) from Lao PDR with data on parasitism and a checklist of the demodecid mites of rodents." Systematic and Applied Acarology 22, no. 11 (October 24, 2017): 1910. http://dx.doi.org/10.11158/saa.22.11.10.
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A new species, Demodex bandicotae sp. nov. (Acariformes: Demodecidae), is described based on adult stages from the hairy skin of the greater bandicoot rat Bandicota indica (Bechstein, 1800), collected in Lao People’s Democratic Republic (Laos). Parasites were noted in 41.7% of bandicoot rats, with a mean intensity of 5.6 parasites in the tested skin fragments of the host. This is the first report on Demodecidae mites in rodents of the genus Bandicota Gray, 1873. A checklist of demodecid mites in rodents worldwide is also provided.
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Bonai, Sonei G., Frandz Pawere, and Hanike Monim. "Hubungan Ukuran Tubuh dengan Bobot Badan dan Bobot Karkas Bandikut (Echymipera rufescens) Di Kampung Manawi Distrik Angkaisera Kabupaten Kepulauan Yapen." Jurnal Ilmu Peternakan dan Veteriner Tropis (Journal of Tropical Animal and Veterinary Science) 11, no. 3 (December 31, 2021): 195. http://dx.doi.org/10.46549/jipvet.v11i3.267.
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Abstract
Bandicoot (Echypera rufescens) is an alternative source of animal protein and a source of germplasm for humans, especially local communities in Papua. These animals are obtained by hunting and/or setting traps in the community's closest habitat. The aim of this research was to determine the relationship between body measurements and body weight and carcass weight by utilizing 32 bandicoots, 16 males and 16 females, with a live weight range of 400 - 2000 grams in Yapen Island Regency, Papua. The study was conducted by using an explorative study and the data were analyzed using multiple correlations and regression. The carcass was obtained by slaughtering the head, removing the blood, and then removing the hair by burning (singeing). The average body weight of male bandicoots was 1403 grams and that of females was 598.75 grams, while the average carcass weights of males and females were 1050.06 grams and 415 grams, respectively. The average heart girth of male bandicoots is 23.03 cm and that of females is 17.81 cm, while the average body length of male and female bandicoots is 25.19 cm and 18.91 cm, respectively. The average percentage of male bandicoot carcasses was 73.99 cm and that of females was 69.22 cm. The correlation coefficient between body weight and body measurements was 0.911 while the carcass weight and body measurements were 0.901. The correlation between body weight and carcass of male bandicoots were 0.911 and 0.901. The correlation between body weight and carcass of female bandicoot were 0.702 and 0.747. The regression equation for male bandicoots to estimate body weight (BB) and carcass weight (BK) were BB = (-1705, 594+84,432 X1 +46,234X2) and (BK = -432,092 +71,545 X1 +33,127X2). The female bandicoot regression equations to estimate body weight (BB) and carcass weight (BK) were: (BB = -509,134+39,437 X1 +21,443X2) and (BK= -436,703 +31,720 X1 +15,164X2).
Keywords: Bandicut (Echypera rufescens); Carcass length; Carcass weight; Carcass; Heart girth; Live weight; Singeing
Abstrak
Bandikut (Echypera rufescens) merupakan salah satu sumber alternatif protein hewani dan sumber plasma nutfa bagi manusia khususnya masyarakat lokal yang berada di Papua. Hewan ini diperoleh dengan cara berburu dan/atau pemasangan jerat di habitat terdekat masyarakat. Penelitian tentang hewan ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara ukuran-ukuran tubuh dengan bobot badan dan bobot karkas dengan memanfaatkan 32 ekor bandikut masing-masing 16 ekor jantan dan 16 ekor betina dengan kisaran berat hidup 400 - 2000 gram. Karkas diperoleh dengan cara bagian kepala disembelih, dikeluarkan darah kemudian dilakukan penghilangan bulu dengan cara dibakar (singeing). Karkas terdiri dari daging, tulang dan lemak setelah kepala, isi rongga dada dan perut, kaki belakang bagian bawah dan kaki depan bagian bawah serta ekor dikeluarkan. Rata-rata bobot badan bandikut jantan adalah 1403 gram dan betina adalah 598,75 gram, sedangkan rata-rata bobot karkas jantan dan betina masing-masing adalah 1050,06 gram dan 415 gram. Rata-rata lingkar dada bandikut jantan adalah 23,03 cm dan betina adalah 17,81 cm, sedangkan rata-rata panjang badan bandikut jantan dan betina berturut-turut adalah 25,19 cm dan 18,91 cm. Rata-rata persentase karkas bandikut jantan adalah 73,99 cm dan betina adalah 69,22 cm. Koefisien korelasi antara bobot badan dengan ukuran-ukuran tubuh adalah 0,911 sedangkan antara bobot karkas dengan ukuran-ukuran tubuh adalah 0,901. Korelasi bobot badan dan karkas bandikut jantan adalah 0,911 dan 0.901. Korelasi bobot badan dan karkas bandikut betina adalah sebesar 0,702 dan 0,747. Persamaan regresi bandikut jantan untuk menduga bobot badan (BB) dan bobot karkas (BK) adalah BB = (-1705, 594+84,432 X1 +46,234X2 dan BK = -432,092 +71,545 X1 +33,127X2. Persamaan regresi bandikut betina untuk menduga bobot badan (BB) dan bobot karkas (BK) adalah BB = -509,134+39,437 X1 +21,443X2 dan BK= -436,703 +31,720 X1 +15,164X2.
Kata kunci: Bandicut (Echypera rufescens); Berat karkas; Berat potong; Karkas; Lingkar dada; Panjang karkas.
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Groenewegen, Rebecca, Dan Harley, Richard Hill, and Graeme Coulson. "Assisted colonisation trial of the eastern barred bandicoot (Perameles gunnii) to a fox-free island." Wildlife Research 44, no. 7 (2017): 484. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr16198.
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Context Assisted colonisation has the potential to protect species from intractable threats within their historical ranges. The Australian mainland subspecies of the eastern barred bandicoot (Perameles gunnii) is extinct in the wild, with surviving populations restricted to small sites protected by predator–barrier fences. PVA modelling shows that a self-sustaining bandicoot population would require an area free of the introduced red fox (Vulpes vulpes) of at least 2500ha. French Island is outside the historic range of the species, but is fox-free and contains around 9000ha of potentially suitable habitat. Aims This study will assess the suitability of French Island as a potential site for a self-sustaining eastern barred bandicoot population by conducting a 1-year assisted colonisation trial to assess habitat use, body condition and survival. Methods Between July and September 2012, 18 adult bandicoots were released. We radio-tracked bandicoots using intraperitoneal radio-transmitters for up to 122 days and trapped fortnightly. Key results The release group met the three measures of success: (1) appropriate habitat use; (2) recovery of post-release bodyweight; and (3) founder survival exceeding 100 days. Habitat use and body condition throughout the trial reflected that of mainland populations, and seven bandicoots survived longer than 100 days. Mortality was greatest in the first month, with veterinary investigations confirming two deaths due to cat predation, two deaths from toxoplasmosis and one unknown cause of death. Bandicoots that survived longer than 100 days occupied higher, drier ground than those that did not. Toxoplasmosis cases were associated with lower topographic position on the site. Conclusions Our results suggest that French Island provides suitable habitat for the establishment of a population of eastern barred bandicoots. On French Island, toxoplasmosis was identified as an important source of mortality in addition to cat predation, and warrants further investigation. Implications Given the costs and challenges of predator control and the maintenance of predator exclusion fences, assisted colonisation to one or more fox-free islands remains the most viable option to establish self-sustaining bandicoot populations. Our results highlight the value in conducting trial releases ahead of major translocations.
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Claridge, Andrew W., David J. Paull, and Simon C. Barry. "Detection of medium-sized ground-dwelling mammals using infrared digital cameras: an alternative way forward?" Australian Mammalogy 32, no. 2 (2010): 165. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/am09039.
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Infrared digital cameras were used to examine temporal detection rates of medium-sized ground-dwelling mammals in a coastal woodland landscape. From three successive deployments at fixed stations, a range of mammals was detected, including three target species: the long-nosed bandicoot, the long-nosed potoroo and the southern brown bandicoot. Reporting rates of target species were largely consistent and in some cases high. The swamp wallaby was the most commonly detected species, ranging from 47–67% of cameras on any given deployment. Long-nosed bandicoots were detected at 37–53% of cameras, long-nosed potoroos 13–23% and southern brown bandicoots 10–17%. In total, bandicoots and potoroos were detected at 23 of 30 sites (77%) while forage-diggings of these mammals were universally present. There were differences in the detection rate of bandicoots and potoroos in relation to 24-hourly cycles: all three species were less likely to be detected between dawn and dusk than dusk and dawn. Otherwise, with few exceptions, the rate at which bandicoots and potoroos were detected over time within a deployment did not vary markedly. Infrared digital cameras offer great potential as sampling devices for bandicoots and potoroos because of their greater detection efficiency relative to other techniques.
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Taylor, Brendan D., and Ross L. Goldingay. "Use of highway underpasses by bandicoots over a 7-year period that encompassed road widening." Australian Mammalogy 36, no. 2 (2014): 178. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/am13034.
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Roads may create filters or barriers to animal movement and adversely affect population processes. Underpasses are now commonly installed during highway construction to mitigate barrier effects and link habitat patches. We used sand-tracking to investigate use of six underpasses by bandicoots along a section of the Pacific Highway in northern New South Wales before, during and after road duplication (i.e. expansion from two to four lanes). Trapping revealed that the northern brown bandicoot (Isoodon macrourus) and the long-nosed bandicoot (Perameles nasuta) were equally abundant prior to highway expansion. Five years before highway widening, bandicoots frequently used 18-m-long underpasses (>1 traverses per day). Twelve months before road widening, underpass use by bandicoots declined to ~0.5 traverses per day and continued near this level during construction. This declined to 0.03 traverses per day after duplication with underpasses extended to ≥49 m in length. Few crossings were recorded after expansion of the road corridor, which may indicate a shift from regular foraging traverses before duplication to infrequent dispersal movements after duplication.
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Phillips, Matthew J., Manuela Cascini, and Mélina Celik. "Identifying Complex DNA Contamination in Pig-Footed Bandicoots Helps to Clarify an Anomalous Ecological Transition." Diversity 14, no. 5 (April 29, 2022): 352. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d14050352.
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Our understanding of the biology of the extinct pig-footed bandicoots (Chaeropus) has been substantially revised over the past two decades by both molecular and morphological research. Resolving the systematic and temporal contexts of Chaeropus evolution has relied heavily on sequencing DNA from century-old specimens. We have used sliding window BLASTs and phylogeny reconstruction, as well as cumulative likelihood and apomorphy distributions, to identify contamination in sequences from both species of pig-footed bandicoot. The sources of non-target DNA that were identified range from other bandicoot species to a bird—emphasizing the importance of sequence authentication for historical museum specimens, as has become standard for ancient DNA studies. Upon excluding the putatively contaminated fragments, Chaeropus was resolved as the sister to all other bandicoots (Peramelidae), to the exclusion of bilbies (Macrotis). The estimated divergence time between the two Chaeropus species also decreases in better agreement with the fossil record. This study provides evolutionary context for testing hypotheses on the ecological transition of pig-footed bandicoots from semi-fossorial omnivores towards cursorial grazers, which in turn may represent the only breach of deeply conserved ecospace partitioning between modern Australo-Papuan marsupial orders.
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Gemmell, RT. "Sexual Maturity in the Captive Male Bandicoot, Isoodon-Macrourus." Australian Journal of Zoology 35, no. 5 (1987): 433. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/zo9870433.
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Various morphological and physiological features were examined weekly in developing male bandicoots, each housed with a mature female, from birth through to the fathering of their first litter. The first peak of plasma testosterone greater than 2 ng ml-' in the male was observed at 179.8 � 6.8 d old (mean � SE; n = 17); sperm were first observed in the male reproductive tract at approximately 200 d old and this coincided with the pigmentation of the scrotal skin at 199.5 � 8.2 d (n= 10). The first litters were sired at 349.7 � 14.0 d (n=7). Male bandicoots reached sexual maturity approximately 100 d later than females. Pigmentation of the scrotum would appear to be a useful indicator of the stage of sexual development because it occurs at the stage of development when sperm first appear in the reproductive tract in the male bandicoot. Nevertheless, the appearance of sperm and scrotal pigment, both precede sexual maturation by at least 150 d and are not good indicators of reproductive ability in the male bandicoot.
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Long, Kirstin. "Burrowing bandicoots - an adaptation to life in a fire-prone environment?" Australian Mammalogy 31, no. 1 (2009): 57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/am08107.
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The southern brown bandicoot, Isoodon obesulus, is regarded as a ground nesting species that is not known to dig burrows for shelter; however, it has been observed sheltering in burrows constructed by other species. During a recent study, two bandicoots were found sheltering in small burrows after a fire. The locations and dimensions of these burrows suggest that they are likely to have been constructed by the bandicoots themselves, rather than by other species.This observation supports other accounts of burrow-use in lesser-known literature, which also suggest bandicoots may construct their own burrows. Burrows are likely to provide an increased level of shelter that allows bandicoots to escape extreme weather conditions and bushfires.
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Thums, Michele, Ian D. Hume, and Lesley A. Gibson. "Seasonal energetics of the long-nosed bandicoot (Perameles nasuta) in coastal New South Wales." Australian Journal of Zoology 51, no. 2 (2003): 129. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/zo02076.
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Water-turnover rates and field metabolic rates were measured in long-nosed bandicoots (Perameles nasuta) near Newcastle, New South Wales, over two summers and two winters. Water-turnover rates were higher in lactating than in non-lactating females, and higher in winter than in summer, possibly because of a relatively high proportion (50%) of females at or near peak lactation in one winter. There were no significant differences in field metabolic rates between seasons or among groups (males, lactating females and non-lactating females). The overall field metabolic rate of the long-nosed bandicoot was within 9% of the predicted value for a marsupial of its size, and similar to rates reported for most other bandicoots, both temperate and arid-zone species. Its overall water-turnover rate was within 18% of the predicted marsupial value, but higher than values reported for arid-zone bandicoot species. Comparison with other data indicates that seasonal changes in water-turnover rate are related to changes in reproductive status (especially lactation), as in this study, but for field metabolic rate, seasonal changes are related to changes in water status and thus productivity of the environment.
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Asiar, Piter, Frandz Rumbiak Pawere, and Johan F. Koibur. "Karakteristik Karkas Bandikut (Echymipera kalubu) di Kampung Wafmana, Distrik Mawabuan, Kabupaten Tambrauw." Jurnal Ilmu Peternakan dan Veteriner Tropis (Journal of Tropical Animal and Veterinary Science) 9, no. 2 (September 23, 2019): 55. http://dx.doi.org/10.30862/jipvet.v9i2.69.
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The research purpose to identify and investigate the carcass characteristics of bandicoot (Echymipera kalubu) in Wafmana Village Distric of Mawabuan Tambrauw Regency West Papua Province. The material used in this study were 20 head bandicoot ages ± 4 month were classified in to 2 groups consist of 10 head males bandicoot and 10 head females bandicoot. The research method was exploration. The results showed that body weight of males and females bandicoot were 1245,4 ± 484,38 g and 710,95 ± 252,27 g (P<0,05). Carcass weight of males and females bandicoot were 1245,4 ± 484,38 g and 710,95 ± 252,27 g (P<0,05). Carcass percentage of males and females bandicoot were 76,28 ± 6 % dan betina 75 ± 5 % (P>0,05). Weight cut fore quarter of males and females bandicoot were 580,86±245,72 g and 300,17±105,93 g (P<0,05). Weight cut hind quarter of males and females bandicoot were 629,52±233,55 g dan 350,63±123,79 g (P<0,05). Fore Carcass percentage of males and females bandicoot were 45,98±2 % and 42,63±4 % (P<0,05). Hind carcass percentage of males and females bandicoot were 50,98±4 % and 49,53±4% (P>0,05).
Keywords: carcass characteristcs, Echymipera kalubu
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Shevill, D. I., and C. N. Johnson. "Diet and breeding of the rufous spiny bandicoot Echymipera rufescens australis, Iron Range, Cape York Peninsula." Australian Mammalogy 29, no. 2 (2007): 169. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/am07021.
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A population of the rufous spiny bandicoot Echymipera rufescens australis was studied for 14 months by live-trapping, and diets were determined by faecal analysis. The population had a high density (approximately 48 individuals on a trapping grid of 2.25 ha). A wide variety of foods were eaten, but fruits and seeds contributed the largest proportion of material to faeces, followed by invertebrates, fungi and dicot plants. Echymipera rufescens may potentially be a significant seed disperser for some plants, such as Pandanus zea. There was a short breeding season, with births occurring between December and March. Females produced one or two litters per year. Mean litter size was just under three, and litter size increased with the mother?s mass. Females produced a mean of 4.9 young per year. We conclude that although E. rufescens is a ?typical? bandicoot in that it is omnivorous and has high fecundity, it is more frugivorous and has a somewhat lower reproductive rate than other Australian bandicoots.
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Gemmell, Robert T., Colleen Veitch, and John Nelson. "Birth in the northern brown bandicoot, Isoodon macrourus (Marsupialia:Peramelidae)." Australian Journal of Zoology 47, no. 5 (1999): 517. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/zo99024.
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The ability of the newborn marsupial to move from the uterus to the pouch and locate the teat is still not fully understood. Birth has now been observed in a number of species of marsupial. However, filming this event, which occurs over a few minutes, allows for a greater understanding of the mechanisms involved. In this study, birth was filmed in 4 northern brown bandicoots, Isoodon macrourus. Before birth the bandicoot lay on one side with one hind leg facing upwards. The mother licked around the urogenital sinus, around the pouch and along the inside of the hind legs. There was no release of fluid just prior to birth of the first young, which appeared covered in membranes. The mother licked the young vigorously to remove the membranes. Young were born singularly or in groups of up to four young. Contrary to the situation in the red kangaroo the pathway of the newborn of the bandicoot was mainly downwards, with the newborn having to travel only about 1 cm to reach the pouch. The newborn of the bandicoot do not have a definite crawl to the pouch, as is seen in macropodids – they move with a snake-like wriggle down a moist 1-cm pathway between the urogenital sinus and the pouch. The mother bandicoot cleans the young, removing the membranes, and lies on one side then on the other, positioning the pouch so that the young nearly ‘fall’ into the pouch. As with the macropodids, the transfer from the urogenital sinus to the attachment to the teat in the pouch takes about 5 min. It is obvious that there are several marsupial ‘birth positions’, and several methods are used by marsupial species to allow the newborn to attach to the teat.
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Filan, SL. "Myology of the Head and Neck of the Bandicoot (Marsupialia, Peramelemorphia)." Australian Journal of Zoology 38, no. 6 (1990): 617. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/zo9900617.
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The facial, masticatory, and neck musculature of Echymipera ('Peroryctidae'), Isoodon (Peramelidae), and Macrotis (Thylacomyidae) is detailed and figured, as are skull attachments of the described muscles. Each bandicoot family is myologically distinct, and all show greater differentiation of muscles than didelphids or dasyurids, especially in the neck. The mandibulo-auricularis has two bellies in Isoodon and fans out underneath the platysma in Macrotis, in contrast to the simple condition in didelphids, dasyurids, and Echymipera. The maxillo-naso-labialis extends furthest posterior in Echymipera, but is generally more differentiated in bandicoots than in dasyurids and Trichosurus. An omo-trachelien dorsalis is present in didelphids, dasyurids, Trichosurus and Macrotis, but absent in Isoodon and Echymipera. All three bandicoots have a styloglossus, which is not present in didelphids and dasyurids, and a differentiated temporalis pars zygomaticus.
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Gemmell, RT. "The Estrous-Cycle Length of the Bandicoot Isoodon-Macrourus." Wildlife Research 15, no. 6 (1988): 633. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr9880633.
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The length of the oestrous cycle of the bandicoot Isoodon macrourus was determined. Pouch young were removed from lactating bandicoots at day 30 of lactation and the mothers were subsequently housed in enclosures without males (for oestrous cycle) and with males (for pregnancy). Births were observed 32-48 d after removal of young. The period of removal of young until ovulation was shown to be 6 d, the gestation length was known to be 12.5 d and the length of an oestrous cycle was calculated to be 22.1 � 1.6 d (mean � s.e., N=10), with a range of 14-30 d.
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Short, Jeff, J. D. Richards, and Bruce Turner. "Ecology of the western barred bandicoot (Perameles bougainville) (Marsupialia: Peramelidae) on Dorre and Bernier Islands, Western Australia." Wildlife Research 25, no. 6 (1998): 567. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr97131.
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Population structure, reproduction, condition, movements and habitat preference were assessed for western barred bandicoots (Perameles bougainville) on Dorre and Bernier Islands over seven trapping sessions between 1988 and 1995. Data comes from 372 captures of bandicoots in 2535 trap-nights (an average of 14·7 captures per 100 trap-nights). Trap success was 5.7–25.8% on Dorre and 5.7–7.6% on Bernier. Recaptures within a trip made up 29% of bandicoot captures. The overall sex ratio (excluding recaptures) was skewed heavily towards males at 1.7: 1 for trapped animals, but varied between male and female dominance at any time according to reproductive status of females. Sex ratio of pouch young was 1.2: 1. Production of young was concentrated in the wetter winter months. The smallest western barred bandicoot with pouch young weighed 175 g. Bandicoots showed a pattern of increasing litter size with size of mother. Females with young had an average litter size of 1.8, with young reaching independence at about 100 g body weight. Large testes size relative to body size in males suggested a promiscuous mating system. Body condition could be predicted by sex (females were typically in better condition than males) and by rainfall over the previous 2 months. Some sexual dimorphism was evident, with females having longer heads and typically being heavier than males. There was no detected dimorphism between island populations. Movements of bandicoots appeared limited, with the median distance moved by animals captured more than once within a 9–11-day trapping session being 154 m. There was no significant difference in movements between the sexes, with males moving a median distance of 160 m and females 138 m within trapping sessions. The greatest movement by a male was 1020 m while the greatest distance moved by a female was 490 m. Only 13% of recorded movements were greater than 400 m. Home ranges overlapped, with 51% of traps catching more than one individual and as many as five males being caught at the same trap site. Bandicoots were widely dispersed through all habitats surveyed. Bandicoots appeared to suffer a substantial reduction in numbers on Dorre Island in a prolonged drought extending from October 1986 to April 1989, reducing overall trap success to less than 6% in the 1988 survey.
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ENDO, Hideki, Seishi MAEDA, Junpei KIMURA, Junzo YAMADA, Worawut RERKAMNUAYCHOKE, Masamichi KUROHMARU, Yoshihiro HAYASHI, and Takao NISHIDA. "Ultrastructure of Cardiac Myocytes in the Greater Bandicoot Rat (Bandicota Indica)." Journal of Veterinary Medical Science 57, no. 3 (1995): 389–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1292/jvms.57.389.
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MacGregor, Christopher I., Ross B. Cunningham, and David B. Lindenmayer. "Nest-site selection of the long-nosed bandicoot (Perameles nasuta) in a postfire environment." Australian Journal of Zoology 63, no. 5 (2015): 324. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/zo15039.
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Access to nest sites is critical to species survival and habitat suitability for most faunal species worldwide. We report on nest-site selection and use by the long-nosed bandicoot (Perameles nasuta) following a wildfire in late 2003. Thirty-eight bandicoots were tracked to 213 nests. The number of nests, frequency of nest use, nest range, nest size and nest site microhabitat in burnt and unburnt habitat were analysed. The mean number of nests used in burnt areas was 5.9, not significantly different from the number used in non-burnt areas (5.3). However, there were significant fire effects on nest location and frequency of use. Six months after the wildfire, 60% of nests in burnt forest and woodland habitat were in patches of unburnt microhabitat. These nests were significantly larger and were used more frequently than nests located in burnt microhabitat. After fire, P. nasuta typically uses nests under dense grasses and midstorey in unburnt microhabitat in burnt areas. However, the species will also nest in open areas and respond to fire-affected areas by constructing smaller nests. When conducting prescribed fires, the practice of ‘burning out’ should be minimised and patchiness at a microhabitat level be a desired outcome for bandicoot management.
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Gemmell, RT, and JK Hendrikz. "Growth-Rates of the Bandicoot Isoodon-Macrourus and the Brushtail Possum Trichosurus-Vulpecula." Australian Journal of Zoology 41, no. 2 (1993): 141. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/zo9930141.
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Although the bandicoot Isoodon macrourus and the brushtail possum Trichosurus vulpecula give birth to similar-size young, about 200 mg, the pouch young of the bandicoot grow more quickly than those of the possum. The bandicoot is weaned at 59 days when the body weight is between 90 and 250 g. A young possum weighs about 20 g at Day 60 and between 780 and 1031 g when weaned at Day 170-180 post partum. The body weight of both species has been described previously as a continuous curve expressed by a quadratic equation. In this study, instead of assuming the growth curve to be continuous, the growth curve has been expressed as two components. The growth rates of both species were similar from birth until Day 12 post partum; the bandicoot then had a faster growth rate. The results from iterative analysis indicated a change in growth rate at Day 30 (data for Days 31 and 32 were missing) and Day 96 post partum for the bandicoot and possum, respectively. Thus, both marsupials showed a change in growth rate as hair appeared, eyes opened and the young first left the pouch.
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Vernes, Karl. "Seasonal truffle consumption by long-nosed bandicoots (Perameles nasuta) in a mixed rainforest–open forest community in north-eastern New South Wales." Australian Mammalogy 36, no. 1 (2014): 113. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/am13040.
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Scats of long-nosed bandicoots (Perameles nasuta) from north-eastern New South Wales were examined for seasonal occurrence of fungi. Fungus was detected in bandicoot diets in all seasons, but samples from autumn and winter were more likely to contain fungi, and more taxa were consumed in these seasons, compared with spring and summer. Individual scat samples also contained more spore types in autumn and winter than in spring and summer. My results support other work in temperate south-eastern Australia that indicate an autumn and winter peak in fungal availability, and a stronger focus on fungal consumption by mammals at this time of year.
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Merchant, JC, and JA Libke. "Milk Composition in the Northern Brown Bandicoot, Isoodon macrourus (Peramelidae, Marsupialia)." Australian Journal of Biological Sciences 41, no. 4 (1988): 495. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/bi9880495.
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Milk samples were obtained at regular intervals throughout lactation from northern brown bandicoots, Isoodon macrourus, in captivity. Total concentration of milk solids was initially 7% (w/w) and increased linearly to 45% (w/w) by 55 days. Carbohydrate, lipid and protein concentrations increased from about 2% (w/w) to about 7-8% (w/w) at 30 days. Thereafter they diverged, with lipid increasing to between 25-30% (w/w) at 56 days, protein reaching maximal values of 10-15% (w/w) at just over 40 days and carbohydrate gradually declining to about 5% (w/w) at 56 days before a rapid fall to 1-2% (w/w) at the completion of lactation. The milk of the bandicoot exhibits a similar pattern of change during the course of lactation to that shown by other marsupials.
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Wang, Sihu, Haiyan Cong, Lingming Kong, Masaharu Motokawa, and Yuchun Li. "Complete mitochondrial genome of the greater bandicoot rat Bandicota indica (Rodentia: Muridae)." Mitochondrial DNA Part A 27, no. 6 (October 16, 2015): 4349–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/19401736.2015.1089495.
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Singla, Neena, Parul Dhar, and Kuldeep Gupta. "Effect of nifedipine on fertility of male lesser bandicoot rat (Bandicota bengalensis)." Applied Biological Research 19, no. 1 (2017): 79. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/0974-4517.2017.00011.8.
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Dhar, Parul, and Neena Singla. "Effect of triptolide on reproduction of female lesser bandicoot rat,Bandicota bengalensis." Drug and Chemical Toxicology 37, no. 4 (February 4, 2014): 448–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/01480545.2014.884111.
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Warburton, Natalie M., Auréline Malric, Maud Yakovleff, Veronique Leonard, and Charlotte Cailleau. "Hind limb myology of the southern brown bandicoot (Isoodon obesulus) and greater bilby (Macrotis lagotis) (Marsupialia : Peramelemorphia)." Australian Journal of Zoology 63, no. 3 (2015): 147. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/zo14087.
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Bandicoots and bilbies (order Peramelemorphia) represent the principal group of omnivorous marsupials from a range of habitats across Australia and New Guinea. Bandicoots and bilbies most commonly use quadrupedal, asymmetrical half-bounding or bounding gaits and present an unusual combination of hind limb morphological features, including an ossified patella, a modified tibiofibular joint, and syndactylous morphology of the pes. We performed comparative dissections of the hind limb of the southern brown bandicoot (Isoodon obesulus fusciventer) (n = 13) and greater bilby (Macrotis lagotis) (n = 4), providing detailed descriptions of the muscular anatomy. These species displayed significant modification of the hind limb muscular anatomy and associated connective tissues, including emphasis on multiarticular muscles, such as the hamstrings, and extreme development of fascial structures. These patterns were more extreme in I. obesulus than in M. lagotis. Differences between the hind limb anatomy of I. obesulus and M. lagotis reflect the different ecological and environmental pressures on their locomotion and digging behaviours.
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Bennett, Mark D., Lucy Woolford, Amanda J. O'Hara, Kristin S. Warren, and Philip K. Nicholls. "In situ hybridization to detect bandicoot papillomatosis carcinomatosis virus type 1 in biopsies from endangered western barred bandicoots (Perameles bougainville)." Journal of General Virology 89, no. 2 (February 1, 2008): 419–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/vir.0.83455-0.
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The western barred bandicoot (Perameles bougainville) is an endangered Australian marsupial species in which a papillomatosis and carcinomatosis syndrome occurs. Bandicoot papillomatosis carcinomatosis virus type 1 (BPCV1) is associated with the lesions of this progressively debilitating syndrome. Five digoxigenin-labelled DNA probes were generated for in situ hybridization (ISH) and the technique was optimized and performed on formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) biopsies. Staining of keratinocyte and sebocyte nuclei within lesions was achieved with all five probes. The sensitivity of ISH (76.9 %) surpassed that of PCR (30.8 %) for FFPE samples. The sensitivity of ISH varied from 81 % (papillomas) and 70 % (carcinoma in situ) to 29 % (squamous cell carcinomas). The specificity of the test was confirmed using an irrelevant probe and papillomas from other species. These results strengthen the association between BPCV1 and the western barred bandicoot papillomatosis and carcinomatosis syndrome and give insight into the biology of the virus–host interaction.
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Gemmell, RT. "Sexual Maturity in the Female Bandicoot Isoodon-Macrourus (Gould) in Captivity." Australian Journal of Zoology 34, no. 2 (1986): 199. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/zo9860199.
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In Queensland the bandicoot breeds throughout the year, but the breeding rate decreases from April to June. In this study, it was found that animals born from April to June gave birth to their first litter at an earlier age than those born in January-March, October-December or July-September: 204.0, 229.7, 244.0 and 286.8 days respectively. Similarly, the mean weights of the mothers of the four groups when giving birth to their first litter increased from 845.0 g to 873.0, 938.2 and 954.1 g respectively. The 11 bandicoots born in July-September formed two groups: five animals gave birth at 193.8 � 7.3 days (range 176-212 days) at a weight of 734.0 � 17.3 g (range 680-780 g) six animals gave birth at 364.3 � 7.7 days (range 352-399 days) at a weight of 1137.5 � 42.2 g (range 1020-1307 g). The latter group appeared to have delayed their sexual maturity during the decreased or non-breeding part of the year. Bandicoots which delay their sexual maturity are heavier when they produce their first litter than the faster developing animals. Therefore it is unlikely that decrease growth and development rates during April-June prevents the onset of sexual maturity. It is probable that the environmental cues which inhibit breeding in the adult female also affect the maturation of juvenile females.
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Pacheco, Víctor. "A capture of a lesser bandicoot rat Bandicota bengalensis (Rodentia, Muridae) at Callao Port, Perú." Revista Peruana de Biología 26, no. 4 (December 15, 2019): 525–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.15381/rpb.v26i4.16881.
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The Lesser bandicoot rat Bandicota bengalensis (Gray and Hardwicke, 1833) is a murid rodent distributed mostly in Asia that can cause substantial negative economic impact in urban and rural areas. Until now, the species has been mostly restricted to the Asian region; and no specimen has been captured or reported as a stowaway arriving to an American port. Here, I report on one specimen captured in Callao’s maritime port, Peru, during sanitary inspection surveillance, identified based on external and cranial characteristics, and similar meristic reported values. This finding shows the potential threat of this species as an invasive alien species and highlights the need for strengthening invasive species protocols on ships.
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Borah, R. K., and R. R. Tamuli. "Effect of botanicals on growth and reproduction of lesser Bandicoot Rat, Bandicota bengalensis." Annals of Plant Protection Sciences 26, no. 1 (2018): 86. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/0974-0163.2018.00020.4.
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Borah, R. K., and Sanghomitra Sarma. "Repellency in some indigenous plants from Assam against lesser bandicoot rat, Bandicota Bengalensis." Indian Journal of Entomology 80, no. 3 (2018): 769. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/0974-8172.2018.00103.7.
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Singla, Neena, and Sumanpreet Kaur. "Toxicity of cholecalciferol to lesser bandicoot rat, Bandicota bengalensis: Biochemical and histopathological changes." International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation 103 (September 2015): 125–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ibiod.2015.04.021.
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Taggart, DA, CM Leigh, and WG Breed. "Ultrastructure and motility of spermatozoa in the male reproductive tract of perameloid marsupials." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 7, no. 5 (1995): 1141. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rd9951141.
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The number, distribution, maturation, motility and ultrastructure of spermatozoa from both northern (Isoodon macrourus) and southern (Isoodon obesulus) brown bandicoots were examined. One epididymidis per animal was fixed for light microscopy and transmission electron microscopy, and the contralateral side was used for the determination of sperm number, distribution and motility. Sperm form was similar between the two species. Approximately 56 x 10(6) testicular sperm and 100 x 10(6) epididymal sperm per side were present in I. macrourus, about 60% of which were in the caudal region. Initiation of sperm nuclear rotation and loss of the cytoplasmic droplet was first observed in distal caput or proximal corpus segments along with slow progressive motility. In these sperm, dislocation and anterior movement of the sperm neck from the implantation fossa and the modification of the distal margins of the sperm acrosome were evident. Motility of cauda epididymidal spermatozoa was rapid and coordinated, movement was restricted to one plane, and lateral head displacement was marked. As media viscosity increased, sperm velocity decreased, as did the amplitude of the tail beat, its frequency, and lateral head displacement but, in viscous mineral oil and mixtures of media and prostatic exudate, extremely rapid sinusoidal motility occurred. This study has detailed unusual morphological changes in bandicoot sperm during epididymal maturation and has shown that, although bandicoot sperm differ morphologically from those of the dasyurids, particularly in relation to head-tail orientation and tail ultrastructure, they exhibit similar motility.
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Woolford, Lucy, Annabel Rector, Marc Van Ranst, Andrea Ducki, Mark D. Bennett, Philip K. Nicholls, Kristin S. Warren, Ralph A. Swan, Graham E. Wilcox, and Amanda J. O'Hara. "A Novel Virus Detected in Papillomas and Carcinomas of the Endangered Western Barred Bandicoot (Perameles bougainville) Exhibits Genomic Features of both the Papillomaviridae and Polyomaviridae." Journal of Virology 81, no. 24 (September 26, 2007): 13280–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.01662-07.
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ABSTRACT Conservation efforts to prevent the extinction of the endangered western barred bandicoot (Perameles bougainville) are currently hindered by a progressively debilitating cutaneous and mucocutaneous papillomatosis and carcinomatosis syndrome observed in captive and wild populations. In this study, we detected a novel virus, designated the bandicoot papillomatosis carcinomatosis virus type 1 (BPCV1), in lesional tissue from affected western barred bandicoots using multiply primed rolling-circle amplification and PCR with the cutaneotropic papillomavirus primer pairs FAP59/FAP64 and AR-L1F8/AR-L1R9. Sequencing of the BPCV1 genome revealed a novel prototype virus exhibiting genomic properties of both the Papillomaviridae and the Polyomaviridae. Papillomaviral properties included a large genome size (∼7.3 kb) and the presence of open reading frames (ORFs) encoding canonical L1 and L2 structural proteins. The genomic organization in which structural and nonstructural proteins were encoded on different strands of the double-stranded genome and the presence of ORFs encoding the nonstructural proteins large T and small t antigens were, on the other hand, typical polyomaviral features. BPCV1 may represent the first member of a novel virus family, descended from a common ancestor of the papillomaviruses and polyomaviruses recognized today. Alternatively, it may represent the product of ancient recombination between members of these two virus families. The discovery of this virus could have implications for the current taxonomic classification of Papillomaviridae and Polyomaviridae and can provide further insight into the evolution of these ancient virus families.
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Warburton, Natalie M., Lea Grégoire, Sandra Jacques, and Camille Flandrin. "Adaptations for digging in the forelimb muscle anatomy of the southern brown bandicoot (Isoodon obesulus) and bilby (Macrotis lagotis)." Australian Journal of Zoology 61, no. 5 (2013): 402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/zo13086.
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Bandicoots and bilbies (Peramelemorphia) represent a distinct lineage within the marsupial adaptive radiation, which despite several curious anatomical traits has received little morphological attention. Many bandicoot species (family Peramelidae) dig for subterranean food, while bilbies (family Thylacomyidae) employ their forelimbs to dig extensive burrow systems for shelter. In the current study, dissections of the southern brown bandicoot (Isoodon obesulus) (n = 7) and greater bilby (Macrotis lagotis) (n = 4) provide the first anatomical descriptions of forelimb musculature in these species. The anatomical arrangement of forelimb muscles in I. obesulus and M. lagotis differs from that of other marsupials and corresponds to the aclaviculate pectoral girdle and modified arrangement of digits in the study species. Comparative and functional interpretations indicate that the forelimb of I. obesulus is well equipped for scratch digging and demonstrates muscular modifications in order to generate large out-forces. The bones of the forelimb, and in particular the antebrachium, are relatively short, stout bones, improving both their resistance to mechanical forces and providing a mechanical advantage via a reduced out-lever length. There has been an increase in the absolute volume of muscles employed during digging, thereby increasing the magnitude of the in-force. Increased in-lever lengths have been achieved via the migration of muscle insertions, including the elongate olecranon for the insertion of the m. triceps brachii, and the distal migration of the humeral attachments of the teres major, latissimus dorsi and superficial pectoral muscles.
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Southgate, R., C. Palmer, M. Adams, P. Masters, B. Triggs, and J. Woinarski. "Population and Habitat Characteristics of the Golden Bandicoot (Isoodon Auratus) on Marchinbar Island, Northern Territory." Wildlife Research 23, no. 6 (1996): 647. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr9960647.
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The presence of the golden bandicoot (Isoodon auratus) on Marchinbar Island off north-eastern Arhemland, Northern Territory, was confirmed by means of morphological features, hair characteristics and allozyme electrophoresis. Evidence of I. auratus was found at most points sampled along the 50-km length of Marchinbar Island. The species showed a strong habitat preference for low heath or shrubland on sand or sandstone, a combination that covers some 70% or 140 km2 of the island. No sign was found in the remaining forest/thicket or strand/Casuarina habitat. No major changes occurred in the distribution of the species between seasons, and individuals maintained overlapping home ranges of similar size, about 10-35 ha. Considerable variation occurred in the characteristics of sites used for daytime shelter, including rocky shelves, shrubs and Triodia hummocks. Different shelter sites were frequently occupied on consecutive days. Foraging sites were sparsely vegetated and diet consisted mainly of a broad range of invertebrates. It is likely that the rocky habitat of Marchinbar Island is sufficiently dissected to ensure the availability of suitable habitat without the necessity of a managed fire regime. The bandicoot population on Marchinbar Island has at least two terrestrial predators, wild dogs (Canis familiaris) and carpet pythons (Morelia spilota). The current predation pressure is not considered to threaten the existence of the bandicoots on the island; however, the addition of another predator species (e.g. the feral cat) may create unacceptable conditions.
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Munawar, Nadeem, Iftikhar Hussain, and Tariq Mahmood. "EVALUATION OF DIFFERENT FOOD BAITS BY USING TRAPS FOR THE CONTROL OF LESSER BANDICOOT RAT (BANDICOTA BENGALENSIS) IN FIELD CROPS OF POTHWAR PLATEAU, PAKISTAN." World Journal of Biology and Biotechnology 4, no. 2 (August 15, 2019): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.33865/wjb.004.02.0216.
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The lesser bandicoot rat (Bandicota bengalensis) is a widely distributed and serious agricultural pest in Pakistan. It has wide adaptation with rice-wheat-sugarcane cropping systems of Punjab, Sindh and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa provinces and wheat-groundnut cropping system of the Pothwar area, thus inflicting heavy losses to these crops. Comparative efficacies of four food baits (onion, guava, potato and peanut butter smeared bread/Chapatti) were tested in multiple feeding tests for snap/kill trapping of this rodent species in the Pothwar Plateau between October 2013 to July 2014 at the sowing, tillering, flowering and maturity stages of wheat, groundnut and millet crops. The results revealed that guava was the most preferred bait for the rat species as compared to the other three. Among relative efficacies of all four tested baits: guava scoring the highest trapping success (16.94 ± 1.42 percent), followed by peanut butter, potato and onion (10.52 ± 1.30, 7.82 ± 1.21 and 4.5 ± 1.10 percent) respectively. Crop stage/season-wise highest trapping success was achieved at maturity stages of the crop. Moreover, the maturity stage of wheat crop coincided with spring breeding season and maturity stages of millet and groundnut matched with monsoon/autumn breeding peak of the lesser bandicoot rat in the Pothwar area. Preferred order among four baits tested was guava > peanut butter > potato > onion.
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Rafli, Fahry, Angel Novita Tethool, and Freddy Pattiselanno. "Morphometry of The Reproductive Organs of Female Bandicoots (Echymipera kalubu)." Jurnal Veteriner 22, no. 4 (December 30, 2021): 562–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.19087/jveteriner.2021.22.4.562.
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Information about bandicoots in Papua is very limited, because most of the studies conducted are focusing on ecology with study areas in other parts of Indonesia New Guinea. Our knowledge about the reproductive organs of bandicoots, especially females as a local genetic source, is almost completely non-existent. Meanwhile, on the other hand, the development of captive breeding efforts for endemic Papuan animals including bandicoots is currently a concern. Therefore, research on the reproductive organs of female bandicoots is very urgent to get an idea of the reproductive organs that play an important role in the development of captive breeding program. This research was conducted at the Laboratory of Physiology and Animal Reproduction, Faculty of Animal Husbandry, University of Papua from 15 June to 15 September 2017. The reproductive organs of female bandicoots were obtained from female bandicoots hunted around Manokwari. Three female reproductive organs of the bandicoot (Echymipera kalubu) were used in this study, and the morphology of their reproductive organs was observed according to the purpose of the study. As a comparison the reproductive organs of D. minustus were used in this study. The results showed that the female reproductive organs of E. kalubu had an “advanced duplex” type with a pair of ovaries, fallopian tubes, uterus, vaginal cul de sac, cervix and lateral vagina. Morphologically, the reproductive organs of E. kalubu have a certain uniqueness, different from the reproductive organs of other female marsupials, so they need serious attention in developing captive breeding program in the near future.
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Hope, Ben. "Short-term response of the long-nosed bandicoot, Perameles nasuta, and the southern brown bandicoot, Isoodon obesulus obesulus, to low-intensity prescribed fire in heathland vegetation." Wildlife Research 39, no. 8 (2012): 731. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr12110.
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Context Prescribed burning is routinely performed within the Sydney Basin as a method of fire-hazard mitigation. Despite the widespread use of prescribed fire, knowledge of the impact of prescribed fire on most fauna species remains unclear. This is particularly the case for bandicoot species. Aims To determine the impact of a low-intensity prescribed fire on the survival of the long-nosed bandicoot, Perameles nasuta, and the southern brown bandicoot, Isoodon obesulus obesulus (hereafter abbreviated to I. obesulus), immediately after the fire and at 5 weeks, 5 months and 13 months following the fire. To document the spatial ecology and nesting requirements of I. obesulus and P. nasuta before and after fire. Methods One I. obesulus and seven P. nasuta (five female and two male) individuals were radio-tracked. Animals were tracked before, during and following a hazard-reduction burn to assess the impact of fire on home range, survival and nesting behaviour. Key results Post-fire survival of P. nasuta and I. obesulus was high and the population remained stable up to 5 months following the fire. All animals tracked within the burn area (three female P. nasuta) survived the passage of fire. The home range for one male I. obesulus was found to be 2.35 ha 50% kernel-density estimate (KDE) and 12.35 ha 95% KDE. Female P. nasuta (n = 5) had a home range of 1.3 ha ± 0.2 s.e. 50% KDE and 7.5 ha ± 1.7 s.e. 95% KDE. Male P. nasuta (n = 1) had a home range of 1.1 ha 50% KDE and 6.5ha 95% KDE. Nesting for both species tended to occur in dense vegetation, with a slight shift to non-combustible refuge sites post-fire. Animals tended to maintain exclusive and relatively stable core home ranges, although overlap of non-core home ranges was common. Conclusions The survival of bandicoots following a low-intensity hazard-reduction fire was high in the short term; however, further research is required to determine how the components of a fire regime affect native species, in particular peramelids. Implications Hazard-reduction fires should be used with caution to manage the isolated and endangered northern Sydney population of I. obesulus, so as to ensure the persistence of this species.
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Cooper, Marie L. "Geographic variation in size and shape in the southern brown bandicoot, Isoodon obesulus (Peramelidae : Marsupialia), in Western Australia." Australian Journal of Zoology 46, no. 2 (1998): 145. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/zo97057.
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Geographic variation in body size and shape was examined among populations of the southern brown bandicoot, Isoodon obesulus, in the south-west of Western Australia, with a view to determining the possible presence of adaptive divergence. Analysis of variance and canonical variate analysis were employed to examine the variation in body weight, head length, pes length and ear length among six locations. Significant sexual dimorphism was detected for these morphological variables, with males being larger than females. Significant geographic variation in overall body size and shape was found for both males and females. Correlations between body size and shape and each of five environmental variables (mean annual rainfall, mean maximum summer temperature, mean minimum winter temperature, relative humidity and latitude) were tested. Neither body size nor shape was correlated with any of the five variables, but both were related to habitat structure, with larger bandicoots being found in open forest habitats, while smaller bandicoots were found among swamp reeds. If the above variation has a genetic basis, these differences between locations may represent adaptive divergence and thus be of importance when formulating a conservation strategy for this species.
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Singla, Neena, and Sukhvir Kaur. "Rodenticide Baits of Cholecalciferol, Bromadiolone and their Combinations against Lesser Bandicoot Rat, Bandicota bengalensis." Pesticide Research Journal 30, no. 1 (2018): 85. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/2249-524x.2018.00014.6.
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Thitipramote, N., J. Suwanjarat, and W. G. Breed. "Reproductive biology of the greater bandicoot rat Bandicota indica (Rodentia: Muridae) in the rice fields of southern Thailand." Current Zoology 55, no. 1 (February 1, 2009): 48–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/czoolo/55.1.48.
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Abstract This study investigated some aspects of the reproductive biology of male and female greater bandicoot rats, Bandicota indica, in southern Thailand from September 2004 to September 2006. In females, body, uterine and preputial gland weights, occurrences of pregnancies and placental scars, and in males, testicular weights and histology, and sizes of accessory sex glands, were recorded. Pregnancies occurred predominantly, but not exclusively, in the wet season, with a higher incidence pregnancies in the second, than in the first, dry season. Uterine and preputial gland weights tended to be lower in the first, but not the second dry season, with placental scars occurring at all times of year. Males tended to have heavier testes in the wet season but some seminiferous tubules contained sperm even in the dry season. Seminal vesicles, but not prostates and preputial glands, tended to be heavier in animals in the wet season. We conclude that the greater bandicoot rat in southern Thailand shows maximal reproductive activity in the wet season with some reproductive activity, albeit variable from year to year, occurring in the dry season depending upon environmental conditions. This study has also shown that females, as well as males, have large preputial glands, and that males invariably have small testes regardless of the time of year. These observations suggest a similar timing of reproduction, but a different breeding biology and perhaps social organisation, from that of the sympatric ricefield rat, Rattus argentiventer
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Muirhead, Jeanette, and Susan L. Filan. "Yarala burchfieldi, a plesiomorphic bandicoot (Marsupialia, Peramelemorphia) from Oligo-Miocene deposits of Riversleigh, northwestern Queensland." Journal of Paleontology 69, no. 1 (January 1995): 127–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022336000026986.
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Yarala burchfieldi n. gen. and sp. is described from Oligo-Miocene deposits of Riversleigh Station, northwestern Queensland. Although the smallest and most plesiomorphic bandicoot known, it shares unique synapomorphies with other peramelemorphs, such as the posteriorly orientated preparacrista on M2, posterolingual location of the hypoconulids, and the buccal position of the centrocrista. However, Y. burchfieldi lacks synapomorphies that would unambiguously allow it to be placed in any of the modern families as currently understood. In its plesiomorphic features, Y. burchfieldi provides a structural link between peramelemorphs and dasyuromorphs and appears to be a descendant of an annectant group that separated long prior to the origin of “typical” bandicoots. This species is present in many sites within the Riversleigh area. It possibly filled an insectivorous-carnivorous niche presently occupied by small dasyurids that are relatively more abundant today than they were when the Riversleigh deposits accumulated.
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Robinson, N. M., C. I. MacGregor, B. A. Hradsky, N. Dexter, and D. B. Lindenmayer. "Bandicoots return to Booderee: initial survival, dispersal, home range and habitat preferences of reintroduced southern brown bandicoots (eastern sub species; Isoodon obesulus obesulus)." Wildlife Research 45, no. 2 (2018): 132. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr17040.
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Context Reintroductions can be an effective means of re-establishing locally extinct or declining faunal populations. However, incomplete knowledge of variables influencing survival and establishment can limit successful outcomes. Aim We aimed to examine the factors (e.g. sex, body mass, release order) influencing the survival, dispersal, home range and habitat selection of reintroduced southern brown bandicoots (eastern subspecies; Isoodon obesulus obesulus) into an unfenced, predator-managed environment in south-eastern Australia (Booderee National Park). Methods Over 2 weeks in May 2016, six female and five male bandicoots were wild-caught in state forest and hard released into the park. Release locations were approximately evenly distributed between three primary vegetation types assessed as suitable habitat: heath, woodland and forest. Bandicoots were radio-tracked day and night for 4 weeks from the initial release date. Key results No mortality was detected. Males dispersed more than twice as far as females (male 704 m, female 332 m), but there was no significant sex bias in home range size. At the landscape scale, bandicoots preferentially selected home ranges that contained heath and avoided forest. Within home ranges, heath and woodland were both favoured over forest. Conclusions Post-release dispersal is sex-biased, but more data are required to determine the influence of other predictors such as body mass and release order. Within the release area, bandicoots favoured non-forest vegetation types. Implications Our study outlines factors influencing the establishment of reintroduced bandicoots. We recommend that future bandicoot reintroductions to Booderee National Park occur within areas of heath and woodland, and that subsequent releases consider the potentially larger spatial requirements and conspecific avoidance among male bandicoots. Our findings contribute new knowledge for improving translocation methods of a nationally endangered medium-sized mammal.
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Short, Jeff. "Predation by feral cats key to the failure of a long-term reintroduction of the western barred bandicoot (Perameles bougainville)." Wildlife Research 43, no. 1 (2016): 38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr15070.
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Context Reintroduction of endangered species potentially places them back in contact with putative factors of historical decline, inadvertently providing the opportunity to evaluate their impact. Aims To monitor the long-term progress of a population of western barred bandicoot reintroduced to mainland Australia and to assess factors involved in its eventual local extinction. Methods Bandicoots were reintroduced from offshore Dorre Island to the nearby mainland peninsula of Heirisson Prong in 1995. The narrow neck of the peninsula was fenced to exclude foxes and feral cats from a 1200 ha area, but the area was subject to periodic incursions. There was parallel management of a confined but unsupported population in an in situ 17-ha predator refuge. Bandicoots were assessed for abundance, body condition and reproduction two to four times annually between 1995 and 2010. In addition, perceived threatening processes (drought, disease and the abundance of cats, foxes and rabbits) were monitored. Key results Bandicoots became well established at the site, spreading to all available habitat. Numbers fluctuated strongly, peaking at ~250 in 1999 and then declining to apparent local extinction (with subsequent re-establishment from the refuge), and at ~470 animals in 2006, followed again by extinction. Conclusions Predation by feral cats was implicated as the primary cause of both free-range extinctions and the eventual elimination of all bandicoots from the predator refuge. Other contributing factors in one or more of the declines were a reduction in reproduction and recruitment in bandicoots during a one-in-100-year drought, the impact of overabundant European rabbits on vegetation used by bandicoots for nesting shelter and brief fox incursions at key times. Implications Existing methods of control of feral cats are rendered ineffective in the presence of abundant and diverse native fauna and abundant exotic species (particularly European rabbits). In addition, episodic drought in arid Australia intensifies the impact of predation by restricting reproduction of prey species. These factors hamper the attempts of conservation managers to re-establish vulnerable species at sites other than those with the infrastructure and/or management intensity to largely exclude exotic predators (and preferably European rabbits) over the long-term.
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Edwards, M. C., J. M. Hoy, S. I. FitzGibbon, and P. J. Murray. "Bandicoot bunkers: training wild-caught northern brown bandicoots (Isoodon macrourus) to use microchip-automated safe refuge." Wildlife Research 47, no. 3 (2020): 239. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr19151.
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Abstract ContextSoft-release involving supplementary feeding or shelter is commonly used in wildlife reintroduction and rehabilitation projects. However, competition for nestboxes and supplementary feed, as well as predation at feed stations or nestboxes, can reduce the benefits of soft-release. The use of microchip-automated technology can potentially alleviate these concerns, by providing targeted supplementation to only the intended, microchipped animals. AimsWe aimed to train wild-caught northern brown bandicoots, Isoodon macrourus, to use microchip-automated doors to access safe refuge. MethodsBandicoots were trapped from the wild and brought to the Hidden Vale Wildlife Centre, where eight were trained to use the doors in a six-stage process, and then six were trained in a three-stage process, using a peanut butter reward. Key resultsBandicoots learned to use the doors in as few as 3 days. The duration of visits to the door generally increased during training, although the number of visits decreased. ConclusionsThe bandicoots successfully learned to use the microchip-automated doors, which shows that this technology has great potential with wildlife, particularly given the short training times required. ImplicationsThe use of these microchip-automated doors with wildlife has many potential applications, including supplementary feeding stations, nestboxes, monitoring in the wild, as well as enrichment for wild animals in captivity.
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Borah, R. K. "Incidence of lesser Bandicoot, Bandicota bengalensis in Rice-Rice cropping system in UBVZ of Assam." Annals of Plant Protection Sciences 27, no. 1 (2019): 61. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/0974-0163.2019.00012.0.
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