Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Bande de fréquence ISM'
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Hochet, Derevianckine Gwendoline. "Feasibility and performance of a LoRa 2.4 GHz network." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Lyon, INSA, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024ISAL0127.
Full textThe long-range (LoRa) technology and the LoRaWAN protocol, which mainly uses the sub-GHz frequency bands, subject to regional laws, have become widely used as a result of the rise of the Internet of Things (IoT). To overcome these limitations, Semtech has released a version of LoRa dedicated to the 2.4 GHz industrial, scientific, and medical (ISM) band, which, among others, is worldwide available and has no duty-cycle limitations. However, this frequency band is already used by many wireless technologies, such as Wi-Fi and Bluetooth (BT), as well as by common devices like microwaves and surveillance cameras. It is essential to evaluate the feasibility and the possible performance of this frequency band shift before deploying LoRa on a large scale in the 2.4 GHz ISM band. This thesis proposes a comprehensive experimental evaluation of LoRa technology in the 2.4 GHz ISM band, including a comparison of its communication range and reliability with the European sub-GHz band (868 MHz). We also study the coexistence of LoRa and Wi-Fi when they are overlapping transmissions. To improve the coexistence, we propose and compare several frequency hopping (FH) strategies for LoRa. Although the latter proposal is based on simulation, we also propose an original methodology for evaluating a frequency band and selecting the less noisy channels, which could facilitate the implementation of FH strategies in future LoRa 2.4 GHz gateways. Our work provides important recommendations for the deployment and expansion of LoRa in the 2.4 GHz ISM band
Millot, Anthony. "Etude d'un réseau de capteurs environnementaux en bande ISM." Phd thesis, Université d'Orléans, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00573695.
Full textLasne, Yannick. "Imagerie radar basse fréquence pour l'exploration des zones arides terrestres et martiennes : détection de l'humidité du sous-sol et cartographie de la paléo-hydrologie." Toulouse 3, 2005. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00180231.
Full textThese research tasks propose an experimental approach to study the capabilities of low frequency radar imagery for the detection of moisture in the first few meters of the terrestrial and Martian arid areas and the geological cartography of their close subsurface. In particular, the phasimetric analysis of L-band SAR images of the Pyla Dune (France) made it possible to highlight a particular behaviour of the copolarized phase difference, related to the presence of buried wet structures in the subsurface. In order to interpret and to model this phenomenon, we developed an analytical single-scattering model based on the IEM, supplemented by an analytical expression of the multiple scattering term. Simulating successfully the studied phenomenon, our model confirms the phase signal being generated by the moisture profile of hidden structures because of the multiple scattering component. It was also shown that this particular phase signature allows the detection of wet interfaces at depths more significant than those authorized by the analysis of the traditional radiometric indicators. Taking part in the program Terrestrial Analog to Mars of NASA, we also worked with the definition of the performances of an orbital P-band SAR system for detecting moisture in the upper few meters of the planet Mars, by means of the copolarized phase difference. Including a volume scattering term, our preceding IEM model shows that the presence of heterogeneities in the first meters of the Martian crust could deteriorate the performances of the copolar phase signal for the detection of moisture in term of depth of investigation. Nevertheless, our results of simulations indicate that such a SAR system, exploiting the copolar radar phase, would authorize the detection of moisture and its follow-up on a seasonal scale until some 3 meters depths in the areas presenting a favourable geological context i. E. A weak concentration of surface and subsurface scatterers. .
Bourennane, Salah. "Traitement d'antenne à large bande de fréquence." Grenoble INPG, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990INPG0049.
Full textBeilleau, NIcolas. "Convertisseurs analogique-numérique sigma-delta passe-bande radio-fréquence." Paris 6, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA066541.
Full textPerrot, Frédéric. "Etude de faisabilité d'antennes compactes à large bande de fréquence." Brest, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000BRES2059.
Full textAt microwave frequencies, miniaturisation and broadband behaviour are difficult to achieve in the mean time. The association of printed antennas with monolithic integrated circuits has been considered as a way to improve both form factor and performances. However, due to their basic principles, this type of solution is still limitated in term of bandwidth. In the first part, through the analysis of existing topologies, this study focus on defining the main parameters and understanding the fundamental principles associated with our objective of bandwidth enlargement. By the addition of a form factor constraint, the necessity of developing alternative antenna solutions has appeared to be the only way to fulfil simultaneously these two requirements. Considering this new approach, we have defined the fundamental and constitutive characteristics of the “ideal” basic resonators. Then, starting from simple analytical models, we have coupled models of these elementary resonators with the theoretical characteristics allowing a bandwidth improvement. This method highlights the potential of a solution which consists in imbrications of different nature resonators, especially of U shaped slot and microstrip topologies. The validation was carried out to a coupled approach of simulations and measurements. Finally the last degree of improvement has been based on the addition of a filter upstream of this new shape of antenna. As a final demonstrator, this study has allowed to obtain bandwidths up to 50% with an acceptable cross polarization and for a ROS lower than 1,8
Jany, Clément. "Conception et étude d’une synthèse de fréquence innovante en technologies CMOS avancées pour les applications en bande de fréquence millimétrique." Thesis, Grenoble, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014GRENT065/document.
Full textThe 60-GHz unlicensed band is a promising alternative to perform the high data rate required in the next generation of wireless communication systems. Complex modulations such as OFDM or 64-QAM allow reaching multi-gigabits per second throughput over up to several tens of meters in standard CMOS technologies. This performance rely on the use of high performance millimeter-wave frequency synthesizer in the RF front-end. In this work, an original architecture is proposed to generate this high performance millimeter-wave frequency synthesizer. It is based on a high order (several tens) multiplication of a low frequency reference (few GHz), that is capable of copying the low frequency reference spectral properties. This high order frequency multiplication is performed in two steps. Firstly, a multi-harmonic signal which power is located around the harmonic of interest is generated from the low frequency reference signal. Secondly, the harmonic of interest is filtered out from this multi-harmonic signal. Both steps rely on the specific use of oscillators. This work deals with the circuit design on advanced CMOS technologies (40 nm CMOS, 55 nm BiCMOS) for the proof of concept and on the theoretical study of this system. This novel technique is experimentally validated by measurements on the fabricated circuits and exhibit state-of-the-art performance. The analytical study of this high order frequency multiplication led to the discovery of a particular kind of synchronization in oscillators and to approximated solutions of the Van der Pol equation in two different practical cases. The perspectives of this work include the design of the low frequency reference and the integration of this frequency synthesizer in a complete RF front-end architecture
Elissalde, Catherine. "Céramiques perovskites férroelectriques: relaxations diélectriques en large bande de fréquence (102-109 Hz)." Phd thesis, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux I, 1994. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00137622.
Full textElissalde, Catherine. "Céramiques perovskites ferroélectriques : relaxations diélectriques en large bande de fréquence (10²-10⁹ Hz)." Bordeaux 1, 1994. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00137622.
Full textBelem, Goncalves Cybelle. "Caractérisation d’antenne et packaging électronique pour la bande de fréquence 200-325 GHz." Thesis, Lille 1, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LIL1I001.
Full textThe exponential increase in mobile data traffic makes networks denser, which reduces the quality of wireless links for users. Thus, data rates higher than those currently expected (1 Gb/s) are required. However, increasing the throughput for users implies significantly increasing the throughput in the wireless backhaul/backhaul links (40 Gb/s). Due to its wide bandwidth, the 220-325 GHz frequency band, standardized by the IEEE 802.15.3d standard, became a research topic that resulted in several laboratory demonstrations, as it is possible to expect 100 Gb/s with simple modulation at these frequencies. Nevertheless, for a mass application, device performance should be improved and low cost solutions should be considered. As part of this thesis, three topics related to this type of wireless communication in the 220-325 GHz frequency band, were treated: the design of an antenna measurement setup, the manufacture of antennas by printing 3D and the implementation of a packaging technology for THz electronics using micro-machining based on ultra-short laser pulses
Lavielle, Vincent. "Processus atomiques cohérents appliqués à l'analyse spectrale très large bande de signaux radio fréquence." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2004. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00007886.
Full textJournel, Olivier. "Multiplicateur de fréquence bande X en circuit intégré monolithique AsGa : modélisation, conception et réalisation." Lille 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986LIL10160.
Full textBouyedda, Abdellatif. "Optimisation de la chaîne de transmission radio en bande ISM pour des applications IoT, notamment en agriculture connectée." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Limoges, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024LIMO0116.
Full textThis thesis examined innovative solutions to optimize the connectivity and performance of connected objects, particularly focusing on connected agriculture, where ensuring connectivity is crucial. By analyzing LPWAN and satellite technologies, we demonstrated that hybrid connectivity represents a promising approach to covering white zones, especially in isolated rural areas. A satellite communication antenna prototype was designed to ensure effective reception with the Kinéis constellation, while a frequency-reconfigurable antenna was developed to facilitate flexible communications between terrestrial and satellite networks. Additionally, the enhancement of a TPMS system, specifically aimed at agricultural machinery, significantly increased the sensitivity and robustness of the system, thus meeting the requirements of applications in challenging environments. Despite certain challenges related to manufacturing complexity, this research lays a solid foundation for IoT solutions tailored to the specific needs of connected agriculture and opens perspectives for other sectors requiring coverage in remote areas
Ait, ou kharraz Mariam. "Caractérisation du réseau basse tension français dans la bande de fréquence utilisée par les courants porteurs en ligne [9-500kHz] en bande étroite." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017SACLC029.
Full textThis work presents the characterization of different components of the French Low Voltage (LV) network in the frequency band used by the narrowband power line communication (PLC) between 9 kHz and 500 kHz. The aim of this work is to provide a deeper understanding of the propagation of the PLC signal in the French LV network. For this, the bottom-up approach is used. This approach consists in LV network characterization starting from the characterization of each component of this LV network. Two essential components of the LV network have been characterized: energy cables and customer installations. In the first part, different distribution and connection cable technologies have been experimentally characterized.Two models have been chosen: a first model called LS consisting on the characterization of cables without taking into account the coupling and a second one more complete called LC which, takes into account the inductive and capacitive coupling between the transmission lines of the cables. In the second part, the work focused on obtaining the input impedance of the customer installations seen by the LV network. These impedances were obtained from the characterization of the domestic electrical cable as well as various domestic appliances among the most present in the installations. Finally, the results of both parts allowed to make a parametric study of the influence of cable lengths and the impedance values connected to the ends of the transmission lines of these cables on attenuation, coupling and access impedances
Tschora, Danielle. "Étude de l'intégration monolithique d'amplificateurs large bande destinés à la réception Radar en fréquence intermédiaire (60 mhz)." Paris 11, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA112171.
Full textMoustafa, Lina. "Conception d'antennes à Bande Interdite Electromagnétique large bande et multibandes à base de métasurfaces." Limoges, 2009. https://aurore.unilim.fr/theses/nxfile/default/0b6d599a-f2a9-4deb-b823-5dba8a5d5130/blobholder:0/2009LIMO4027.pdf.
Full textThis PhD thesis is dedicated to the study of Electromagnetic Band Gap antennas based on metasurfaces. Metasurfaces are employed in the antenna design to correct the usual limitations of the technology and more precisely to enlarge the banwidth. The possibilities offered by combining partially reflecting surfaces, with respect to structure height are explored. Multi-band and broadband EBG antennas with structured interface are designed. An experimental validation of the wideband antenna concept based on metasurfaces is realized. Finally, it is demonstrated that the product gain-bandwidth of such an antenna can be further improved by the use of a multiple feeding sources system
Anderson, Paul Michael. "Oscillations dans la bande de fréquence gamma dans des modèles de rongeurs pour la schizophrénie." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014STRAJ025/document.
Full textSchizophrenia is a debilitating mental disorder that is characterised by a breakdown in normal thought processes, blunted emotional responses and a variety of cognitive difficulties. Gamma frequency (30 – 80 Hz) oscillations are associated with many processes that are disrupted in people with schizophrenia memory, perception and attention. This thesis aimed to develop methods and tools to investigate the basic mechanisms that underlie the alterations in gamma frequency brain activity that are observed in patients suffering from schizophrenia. To do this we developed a variety of experimental animal models for schizophrenia. We successfully demonstrated that both genetic and pharmacological changes lead to alterations in gamma oscillations and that antipsychotic medications can modulate them
Thevenon, Paul. "Interface air pour systèmes de navigation en bande S : étude détaillée des signaux OFDM." Toulouse, ISAE, 2010. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01160197.
Full textMouginot, Guillaume. "Potentialités des transistors HEMTs AlGaN-GaN pour l’amplification large bande de fréquence : Effets limitatifs et modélisation." Limoges, 2011. http://aurore.unilim.fr/theses/nxfile/default/4c36e4fd-daca-4684-8b8d-12ab331c721d/blobholder:0/2011LIMO4056.pdf.
Full textNowadays, the design of high-frequency broadband power integrated circuits is an important research axis in modern defense systems. This manuscript proposes a study about GaN HEMT in order to highlight its interest for these applications. The first part consists in design and measurement data of a broadband 6-18 GHz power amplifier. The obtained results demonstrate the performance of UMS GH25 technology based on SiC substrate. Unfortunately, for high frequency applications, AlGaN/GaN HEMT is limited by two phenomena that are thermal and trapping effects. Thus, a non-linear electrothermal model including these effects for a HEMT 8x75 μm is proposed. Some specific characterizations have shown limitations of current techniques for trap modeling and their analyses should open new perspectives in this field
Poulain, Laurent. "Développement d’un outil de caractérisation millimétrique de bruit dans la bande de fréquence 110 – 320 GigaHertz." Thesis, Lille 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LIL10103/document.
Full textToday, cut-off frequencies improvement of silicon transistors in CMOS and BiCMOS technologies allow the design of applications over 110 GHz. Prior research in common lab between STMicroelectronics and IEMN allowed methodologies and characterization studies in small signal up to 325 GHz and noise up to 110 GHz. This thesis objective is the development of noise characterization setup over 110 GHz to allow silicon transistor four noise parameters extraction. After a presentation of characterization difficulties on silicon, the second part of this work is devoted to noise setup development in 130 – 170 GHz frequency range. The optimization of the setup allowed us to obtain a receiver noise factor below 7 dB. Silicon in-situ tuner design is then detailed. Achievement of these tuners gave us the possibility to extract the four noise parameters of a bipolar transistor in BiCMOS9MW technology in 130 – 170 GHz frequency range. The last part of this work presents small signal and noise model extraction up to 110 GHz of STMicroelectronics advanced MOSFET and HBT transistors to allow database building which will be useful to permit noise characterizations of these transistors over 110 GHz. Finally, the possibility to develop complete on wafer noise system on silicon is mentioned to provide noise characterization over 170 GHz
Fourquin, Olivier. "Conception et intégration en technologie "System in Package" d'émetteurs récepteurs ultra large bande pour communications ULB impulsionnelles dans la bande de fréquence 3.1 - 10.6 GHz." Thesis, Aix-Marseille 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011AIX10133/document.
Full textDue to the nature of their signals and their architectures, Impulse Radio Ultra Wide Band (IR-UWB) systems show interesting features to compete with existing technologies (Zigbee, Bluetooth and RFID UHF) for low cost and low power applications. In this context, this thesis evaluates the potential of UWB systems for the realization of miniature communication devices.The thesis presents UWB communicating devices realized with a System in Package (SiP) technology. Devices incorporate one or several CMOS chips and an antenna directly printed on the board (PCB). Transitions between the PCB and the chips are made with standard wire bonds. The thesis especially focuses on packaging of UWB dice and on the design of UWB front end radio frequency.Due to important parasitic elements limiting its bandwidth, wire bonds transition is problematic for UWB applications (3-10 GHz). This thesis proposes several methodologies to interface integrated circuit and PCB to obtain a broadband transition without increasing cost production. The integration in standard CMOS technology of main components comprising the UWB radio frequency front end (LNA, pulse detector and pulse generator) is studied. The interest of a co-design between silicon and PCB to design these elements is pointed up. Integration and miniaturization of the final system in a SIP technology are also presented
Ahmed-Seddik, Bouhadjar. "Systèmes de récupération d'énergie vibratoire large bande." Thesis, Grenoble, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012GRENT057/document.
Full textThe work of this thesis is focused on the mechanical energy harvesting. This technology is generally based on the use of resonant transducers. Such systems work efficiently when their resonant frequency is equal to the vibration one. Otherwise, the output power from the harvester drops dramatically. Hence, it's necessary to ensure a continuous control of the resonant frequency of the harvester in order to avoid a possible shift between the resonant frequency and the vibration one, and doing this over the frequency spectrum covered by the vibration source. The main goal of this thesis is to develop new efficient solutions able to control in real time and tune the resonant frequency, these solutions should be low power consumption. During this thesis, three solutions have been developed: 1) adjustement of the resonant frequency by applying an electric field on the piezoelectric material; 2) adjustement of the resonant by adapting the electrical load; 3) the amplification of the structure relative displacement using a rebound technique. Modelling and optimization of both the frequency adjustment techniques and the mechanical-to-electrical conversion were performed. Three structures have been developed, tested and used to validate the three approaches. Finally, a very low power consumption electronic has been developed for a real time control of the resonant frequency, by regarding the vibration frequency, and also to optimize the extracted electrical energy from the harvester by maintaining an optimum quality factor
El, Kadri Sarah. "Contribution à l'étude d'antennes miniatures reconfigurables en fréquence par association d'éléments actifs." Thesis, Grenoble, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011GRENT094/document.
Full textCurrent telecommunication systems and especially mobile terminals require compact antennas with significant bandwidth. But one of the well-known drawbacks of electrically small antennas is their very narrow frequency bandwidth. The aim of this study is to develop a miniature antenna with good performances. A compact omnidirectional antenna corresponding to the need of telecommunication systems is first studied. The antenna is miniaturised by two different techniques and developped. Due to this miniaturization, a weak bandwidth is obtained. Several solutions using frequency agility are subsequently studied. Modelization, simulation and experiments are presented in the thesis to validate the whole study. A BAN (Body Area Network) application of the antenna is finally given
Ahmed-seddik, Bouhadjar. "Systèmes de récupération d'énergie vibratoire large bande." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00778437.
Full textAdous, Mourad. "Caractérisation électromagnétique des métariaux traités de génie civil dans la bande de fréquence 50 MHz - 13 GHz." Phd thesis, Université de Nantes, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00110739.
Full textOutre leurs caractères large bande et peu destructif, des simulations numériques réalisées à l'aide d'un logiciel électromagnétique 3D ont montré que ces techniques présentent les avantages d'avoir une grande profondeur de pénétration (supérieure à 6 cm), ainsi qu'une bonne sensibilité de mesure. Elles permettent alors de satisfaire le critère du Volume Élémentaire Représentatif (VER - taille minimale du matériau pour avoir des mesures représentatives).
L'étude théorique des sondes/cellule a nécessité l'analyse des problèmes direct et inverse. L'étude du problème direct permet de calculer le coefficient de réflexion en fonction des propriétés diélectriques du matériau à caractériser. Le calcul de la permittivité à partir du coefficient de réflexion mesuré définit le problème inverse. Après la conception des dispositifs de mesure, les logiciels de dépouillement des données et d'étalonnage ont été validés sur des matériaux étalons.
Enfin, Les mesures réalisées sur différents mélanges de béton ont montré que la nature des granulats joue un rôle prépondérant sur la variation de la permittivité, que la taille maximale des granulats influence la permittivité dans le domaine centimétrique, et que cette dernière varie linéairement en fonction de la compacité.
Nsele, Séraphin Dieudonné. "Analyse électrique et en bruit basse fréquence et haute-fréquence des technologies InAIN/GaN HEMTs en vue de la conception d'amplificateurs robustes faible bruit en bande Ka." Toulouse 3, 2014. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/2501/.
Full textThe high bandgap technologies are being increasingly popular for over a decade because of their natural ability to perform electronic functions operating at high power, high temperature and high frequency. Among these technologies, one based on the heterostructure AlGaN / GaN is most mature currently at microwave frequencies. The use of a heterojunction InAlN / GaN is an attractive solution to increase the operation frequency of these devices and thus to realize circuits operating at millimeter waves. The first part of our work is devoted to the study of various InAlN/GaN technology developed by III-V Lab. It helped to highlight the different gate current conduction mechanisms through an analysis of the leakage current and the C-V measurements of the Schottky junction. Measures in small-signal showed the frequency dispersion of the output conductance and the extrinsic transconductance until 1 GHz. We have proposed broadband analytical models to take into account the dispersion phenomena during the circuit design. A second part consisted of the study of the background noise in the InAlN / GaN transistors. The low-frequency noise characterizations and modeling revealed and confirmed trapping / detrapping mechanisms observed in the electrical study. The study of highfrequency noise has assessed the technological developments of this sector and to know the optimal conditions for the design of LNAs. In the last part, hybrid low noise amplifiers have been made from these devices deferred flip-chip on alumina to demonstrate the potential of this technology in Ka-band. Single stage amplifiers have been designed especially for stress testing, and have a gain of 5. 6 dB and a noise figure of 3. 1 dB at 29. 5 GHz. The simulations carried out on 3 stages amplifiers indicate interesting performances in terms of gain (20 dB) and noise figure (3 dB) compared to those obtained in the literature on the GaN based devices
Rammal, Jamal. "Capteurs microondes en bande ISM pour la caractérisation de matériaux en champ proche et pour le suivi de l’évolution de la corrosion." Thesis, Limoges, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LIMO0049/document.
Full textThis Ph. D thesis focuses on the development of new characterization techniques of dielectric and metallic materials in the ISM band (2.45 GHz). The first proposed method is based on non-destructive near field microave microscopy. This technique allows the determination of the electromagnetic properties (permittivity, loss tangent) of solid dielectric samples of small volume without prior treatment. The knowledge of these parameters is essential to provide critical information needed for accurately designing, modeling and manufacturing microwave circuits. A second study focuses on the development of a new, ceramic based, sensitive and economic sensor that can be integrated in a wireless system for the detection and characterization of the corrosion evolution. These new sensors provide information about the state of the operational equipment of the target structure in order to ensure the safety of these structures and therefore that of their users. In these two studies, simulations on electromagnetic calculation software have been performed and validated by experimental measurements
Thépaut, Loïc. "Etude de filtres hyperfréquences compacts à basse fréquence." Thesis, Brest, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017BRES0024/document.
Full textRecent developments in microwave systems lead to drastic constraints on the size and cost of components, and in particularly on Passband Filters (BPF). The aim of this thesis was to provide innovative solutions for low band compact broadband filtering. We proposed two topological solutions of compactness.The first solution focuses on improving the compactness of the resonator thanks to the multisections resonator. This topology has been theorized and modeled to optimize it. The compactness provided by the multi-sections resonator has been shown by the realization of interdigital filters. The second solution is a new topology of the combline filter, electrical coupling combline filter (ECC).We have also shown that these topological solutions are compatible with other technological solutions of compactness (multilayer ...).These solutions solve the size and integration problems of current filters with equivalentelectrical performance
El, kadri Sarah. "Contribution à l'étude d'antennes miniatures reconfigurables en fréquence par association d'éléments actifs." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00767173.
Full textBaron, Samuel. "Polymère souple pour antenne patch électriquement accordable en bande X : conception et caractérisations." Nantes, 2015. https://archive.bu.univ-nantes.fr/pollux/show/show?id=cd5ee96a-50ba-475f-b933-7edc17cf7cc3.
Full textIn communication systems, smart antennas with large frequency tunability (agility) have been gaining worldwide attention over the past few years due to the proliferation of global wireless communication standards in close proximity to one another. However, conventional solutions use electronic components which induce additional costs and make the system more complicated. Moreover, the electronic devices have moved from rigid to flexible dielectric substrates to reduce the cost and to obtain stretchability and conformability properties. The goal of this thesis is to put together these two topics. The chosen original approach consists of the mechanical reconfiguration of antenna patch printed on a soft membrane substrate with electrostatic actuation in X band, at around 10 GHz. Moreover, a new polymeric substrate was employed in this structure, the polyurethane (PU). Firstly, the technological processes required to realize the antenna patch on the PU substrate were developed. Then, the dielectric properties of polyurethane films were measured on a large frequency band in order to define the antenna patch dimensions using high frequency simulations. Finally, the first antennas patch realized and characterized have a figure of merit Frequency tunability/Voltage higher than the state of the art. Preliminary studies were also carried out to explore various feasible ways for improved the antenna systems performances
Ma, Ning. "Analyse temps-fréquence de signaux sonar très large bande : contribution à l'identification de la réponse impulsionnelle des fonds marins." Lyon, INSA, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996ISAL0096.
Full textThis work is concerned with the characterisation of the sea bottom by means of a constant beamwidth wideband sonar. The originality of this work is: firstly, the development of an experimental wideband sonar system which transmits linear chirp signal (20-140 kHz). Secondly, modelization, identification and classification methods adapted to the bottom backscattering signals have been developed. In the first part, backscattered signals from 5 types of bottoms have been analyzed by the ambiguity function. The performances of the wideband ambiguity function and the narrow band ambiguity function are compared for the chirp signal, and the relationship with the time-frequency representations is presented. In the second part, la distribution of the bottom backscattered energy is analyzed in the time-frequency plane which permits to consider the acoustic diffusion phenomena. In order to improve the comprehension of the Wigner time-frequency representation, we propose an original time-frequency representation adapted to chirp. The comparison with other Cohen's class representations shows the improvement given by our method. At last, in the third part, a rough surface backscattering model is developed. We have shown that the statistical average of the impulse response is a convolution between the impulse response of a plane and the probability density function of the roughness. A roughness estimation method is therefore proposed. This model is well adapted to sand, gravel, and pebbles bottoms. For the silt bottom, a volume backscattering model is developed. In each situation, the results of the estimation are compared with the geotechnical analysis
Gargouri, Yosra. "Nouveau récepteur radio numérique pour les observations astrophysiques spatiales dans la bande de fréquence 1 kHz à 50 MHz." Thesis, Paris, ENST, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017ENST0057/document.
Full textSeveral astronomical phenomena emit low-frequency radio waves such as solar flares, magnetospheres, pulsars ... Some of these emissions are poorly captured by ground-based observatories mainly because of the Earth’s ionospheric cutoff frequency. It becomes necessary to send radio receivers in space to acquire them. However, these receivers are faced with strong restrictions on storage capacity, energy consumption and transmission rate.To overcome these challenges, sampling architectures should be reviewed and improved. A recent paradigm for signal acquisition and reconstruction, known as compressive sampling hat require a limited number of measurements and leads to the development of a new type of converter : the Analog to Information Converter (AIC). Unlike standard Analog to Digital converters (ADC), AIC can sample at a lower rate than that prescribed by Nyquist Shannon, exploiting the sparsity of signals.The main goal of this thesis is to study the application of compressed sampling for the acquisition of spatial astrophysical signals in the frequency band [1 kHz to 50 MHz]. We focus on signals emitted by the two brightest radio sources in the sky as seen from the Earth, namely the Sun and Jupiter. Based on the characteristic properties of our signals of interest, we progressively and methodologically constructed our acquisition scheme : From the study of signals compressibility, to the choice of the AIC architecture and the signal reconstruction algorithm. We also proposed a new, flexible and programmable implementation of the selected AIC which allows the acquisition of different types of signal having the same compressibility domain and with different compression factors. Using a 65-nm CMOS technology, we evaluated the gain in terms of the amount of data acquired and power consumed of this architecture compared to the traditional analog-to-digital converter
Gargouri, Yosra. "Nouveau récepteur radio numérique pour les observations astrophysiques spatiales dans la bande de fréquence 1 kHz à 50 MHz." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris, ENST, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017ENST0057.
Full textSeveral astronomical phenomena emit low-frequency radio waves such as solar flares, magnetospheres, pulsars ... Some of these emissions are poorly captured by ground-based observatories mainly because of the Earth’s ionospheric cutoff frequency. It becomes necessary to send radio receivers in space to acquire them. However, these receivers are faced with strong restrictions on storage capacity, energy consumption and transmission rate.To overcome these challenges, sampling architectures should be reviewed and improved. A recent paradigm for signal acquisition and reconstruction, known as compressive sampling hat require a limited number of measurements and leads to the development of a new type of converter : the Analog to Information Converter (AIC). Unlike standard Analog to Digital converters (ADC), AIC can sample at a lower rate than that prescribed by Nyquist Shannon, exploiting the sparsity of signals.The main goal of this thesis is to study the application of compressed sampling for the acquisition of spatial astrophysical signals in the frequency band [1 kHz to 50 MHz]. We focus on signals emitted by the two brightest radio sources in the sky as seen from the Earth, namely the Sun and Jupiter. Based on the characteristic properties of our signals of interest, we progressively and methodologically constructed our acquisition scheme : From the study of signals compressibility, to the choice of the AIC architecture and the signal reconstruction algorithm. We also proposed a new, flexible and programmable implementation of the selected AIC which allows the acquisition of different types of signal having the same compressibility domain and with different compression factors. Using a 65-nm CMOS technology, we evaluated the gain in terms of the amount of data acquired and power consumed of this architecture compared to the traditional analog-to-digital converter
Nosal, Samuel. "Modélisation electromagnétique de structures périodiques et matériqux artificiels.Application à la conception d'un radôme passe-bande." Phd thesis, Ecole Centrale Paris, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00453320.
Full textByl, Christophe. "Nouvelle utilisation des structures à effet de champ monogrilles et bigrilles distribuées : application à l'amplification large bande." Lille 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991LIL10004.
Full textLucas, Anthony. "Etude et mise au point de transformateurs large bande radiofréquence." Phd thesis, École normale supérieure de Cachan - ENS Cachan, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00505792.
Full textCoget, Patricia. "Conception d'un déphaseur 0-90° monolithique large bande microonde pour faisceaux hertziens." Limoges, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989LIMO4004.
Full textMagand, François. "Reconnaissance de cibles par sonar actif large bande : Application à des coques de forme simple et à la classification des espèces de poissons en mer." Lyon, INSA, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996ISAL0040.
Full textThe set-up of an automatic target recognition system is investigated in this study. The proposed method is derived from the analysis of echo formation mechanisms involved in acoustic scattering by elastic shells of simple shape (such as sphere or infinite cylinders). The recognition is first performed by discriminating between man-made targets and natural objects. For this purpose, two classification methods are compared: the first one is based on a Bayesian approach whereas the second one uses a neural network. The target impulse response is described by a reduced set of parameters, provided by both a spectral modelling (auto regressive modelling) and an a priori model of acoustic scattering (colored bright spots formalism). The discrimination is found to be possible even when noise or Doppler effect are added to the target signature. In the second step, the target recognition is performed by estimating the shell characteristics (outer and inner radii, shear wave velocity and density) via a neural network. The network is trained to approximate the non-linear relationship between the shell parameters and the features of the time-frequency patterns associated to the echoes of circumferential waves that are shown to be directly connected to the structure of the target. The last part of the study is devoted to a practical application of the classification in the field of fisheries acoustics. The aim of the study is to set up an automatic fish species recognition system using a wide band echosounder. The signal data base was provided by experiments at sea and in controlled conditions (Jake experiment on caged fish). The caged fish experiments show that the spectral signature of fish echoes is connected to fish species, regardless of fish size or fish number. The processing of sea data allows to show the feasibility of fish species discrimination
Borderieux, Sophie. "Étude de la transmission de signaux analogiques haute fréquence à large bande passante au moyen de liaisons à fibres optiques." Paris 11, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA112249.
Full textNoury, Ludovic. "Contribution à la conception de processeurs d'analyse de signaux à large bande dans le domaine temps-fréquence : l'architecture F-TFR." Paris 6, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA066206.
Full textSoubercaze-Pun, Geoffroy. "De l’étude de bruit basse fréquence à la conception d’oscillateur en bande X à partir de transistor AlGaN/GaN HEMT." Toulouse 3, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007TOU30081.
Full textThis work is dedicated to the study in the field of low frequency noise characterization of Gallium Nitride High Electron Mobility Transistors (HEMT) and to the design of an X-Band low phase noise oscillator. First of all, we describe the Gallium Nitride intrinsic properties, the HEMT structure and the associated noise sources that can occur in such device. The low frequency noise (LFN) measurement methodology is also presented. Then, a comparative study is exposed using low frequency noise measurement between devices grown on different substrate (Si, SiC, Al2O3). Finally, an investigation on the 1/fg noise and the frequency index g is performed, indicating a correlation between the frequency index g and the transport mechanism of the carriers in the two dimensional electron gas (2DEG) or in a parasitic AlGaN channel between drain and gate. This study makes use of both LFN measurements and physical simulations. The second part focuses on HEMT grown on SiC substrate: low frequency noise spectra are investigated, and a mathematical extraction procedure is presented. Then, an accurate study is lade thanks to the mathematical extraction of the noise sources versus biasing and under different thermal stress conditions to find the origin of G-R centers. A correlation between this study and SIMS measurements is presented. The last section of this work deals with large signal modelling and X-band oscillator: an original, accurate and fast modelling technique is proposed as an alternative to the usually time consuming traditional techniques. Thus the oscillator is designed, and its performances are discussed (POUT=20dBm, Lf(100kHz)=-105 dBc/Hz at 10 GHz)
Thouvenin, Nicolas. "Études des potentialités des composants à base de nitrure de gallium pour des applications mélangeurs à large bande de fréquence." Thesis, Lille 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010LIL10105/document.
Full textTelecommunication systems require wider and higher frequency bands. The basic function of these systems is the frequency transposition and so improved mixer performance is a criterion constantly sought. For this, the use of new emerging and promising technologies is considered. Related to their performance in terms of frequency and power GaN transistors generate interest for mixing applications. The first part of this work establishes the potential of the GaN sector for microwave applications. The various features and architectures are described focusing on optimal topologies for mixers based FETs transistors used thereafter. Then, this work presents the study of non linear electrical modeling of HEMT transistor. The modeling technique is first presented and then illustrated using GaN and GaAs components. After comparing measurements/simulations, modeling is validated using large-signal measurements. The final section presents the externals elements to the transistors required for circuit design of mixer. Using the mixer characterization techniques developed during this Phd, all prototypes mixers "cold" and "hot" based on GaN and GaAs transistors have been measured in order to highlight the potential of GaN mixers for different architectures compare to the same topologies based on GaAs transistor
El, Akhdar Kassem. "Contribution à la mesure temporelle calibrée ultra-large bande de multipôles non linéaires microondes." Limoges, 2013. https://aurore.unilim.fr/theses/nxfile/default/24dc7708-68cc-4e4d-8133-4c5ea7abb4ff/blobholder:0/2013LIMO4032.pdf.
Full textModern telecommunication systems require the use of wideband and high dynamic range modulated signals. Under these conditions, the power amplifier used in a transmission system is constrained by a difficult optimization of power performances. This optimization can be facilitated by using an time-domain measurement system developed at XLIM and improved in this thesis. A time-domain characterization tool associated to a wideband and ultra-high resolution calibration procedure has been implemented. The capabilities of the fully calibrated tool are demonstrated by the characterization of high power amplifiers. The use of this tool in the optimization of linearity and efficiency of transmitter systems is also described. It has been demonstrated that this tool allows the accurate visualization of time-domain voltage and current waveforms at input and output of the devices under test under wideband signal excitation. For the first time, transitions at the beginning and the end of RF pulsed signals, are finely observed. Applications to the broadband characterization (> 1GHz) as ACPR and NPR are shown. Future applications concern now depth studies of non-linear behaviors of power amplifiers for space applications. Theoretical and experimental studies of polar transmitter architecture allow quantifying the key performances and exposing additional capabilities of the developed wideband time-domain measurement system
Beydoun, Ali. "Systèmes de numérisation hautes performances à base de modulateurs sigma delta passe-bande." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00292340.
Full textRousseau, Franck. "Contribution à l'analyse du fonctionnement de l'antenne fils-plaque à rayonnement monopolaire. Conception et réalisation d'une antenne pour la bande FM." Limoges, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995LIMO0021.
Full textSoubercaze-Pun, Geoffroy. "De l'étude en bruit basse fréquence à la conception d'un oscillateur en bande-X à partir de transistors AlGaN/GaN HEMT." Phd thesis, Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse III, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00153628.
Full textHami, Fahim. "Caractérisation et modélisation comportementale des composants passifs sur une large bande de fréquence en intégrant l'aspect thermique. Application au filtrage CEM." Rouen, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016ROUES004.
Full textPassive components, such as resistors, chokes and capacitors, are widely used in power electronic applications, especially in EMI passive filters. The parasitic elements of these components and the impact of operating conditions (temperature, voltage and current) on their frequency behavior are very significant and should not be neglected; these unwanted effects have a major impact on the global passive circuit performances. This thesis deals with characterization by measurement and modeling of passive components used in power electronics devices, with the aim of estimating and controlling the electromagnetic compatibility of such devices. The thesis was conducted in collaboration with the VeDeCoM and IRSEEM Institutes, including several industry partners of the automotive and avionic sectors. This thesis describes an experimental / modeling approach towards the production of sophisticated models of passive devices, with the inclusion of operational conditions (like temperature effects). The new models are simulated for several values of temperature and load conditions, the obtained results are compared to the experimental measurements in the frequency domain. The developed models are then translated to VHDL-AMS language for an easy implementation in most electrical simulation softwares. Finally, these behavioral models of passive components are subsequently used to model a structure of an EMI filter by integrating the variations of its operating temperature. This model is validated experimentally by comparing, under different constraints, the real behavior of the filter with the simulation results of its developed model
Chauloux, Antoine. "Contribution à l’étude d’antennes de puissance à efficacité optimisée : application aux réseaux large bande et reconfigurables en diagrammes de rayonnement." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014REN1S179.
Full textIt is true that during the last past years, High Power Microwave (HPM) weapons threat has grown up. One way to prevent from this kind of system is to study every part of it. Among them, the antenna is the element that influences the most the electromagnetic waves behavior then it has to be evaluated. This is the reason why the Centre de Gramat du Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives has teamed up with the Direction Générale de l’Armement in order to propose this thesis in collaboration with the Institut d’Electronique et de Télécommunications de Rennes. The subject provides the full study of three antennas that can be integrated on an HPM weapon. Each type of antenna is developed to address a problem: The first antenna operates at a fixed frequency and is designed to provide a maximized gain; The second one is manufactured to have a variable radiation pattern in one plane and a stable radiation pattern in the other plane; Finally, a broadband antenna operating between 2 and 4 GHz is developed in order to maintain a stable radiation pattern. Each study is led by taking into consideration high input power (around 1 kW pulsed power) and also dimensional constraints in order to be integrated on a mobile device for instance. Each antenna is designed using electromagnetic software then validated by measurements
Nosal, Samuel. "Modélisation electromagnétique de structures périodiques et matériaux artificiels : application à la conception d'un radôme passe-bande." Thesis, Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009ECAP0030/document.
Full textFrequency selective surfaces (FSS) for radar stealth or in optics have been widely studied. For more than two decades, articial materials have been designed to highlight specific behaviour, like the existence of allowed or forbidden bands, negative refraction, ultra-refraction... Moreover, antennas based upon an array of radiating elements improve the compactness and integration of these features. The problem of the diffraction of a plane wave by 3D biperiodic scatterers can be solved by finite-elements methods (FEM) or biperiodic boundary integral equations (BIE). It is often done by hybrid methods, that combine FEM and BIE. We choose to develop a hybrid method that uses two variants of the BIE method. Semiinfinite outer domains are treated by biperiodic integral equations (3D2D IE) and inner bounded domains are treated by 3D free-space integral equations (3D IE). Pseudoperiodic boundary conditions are enforced in the scattering biperiodic structure. The numerical code is developed in the framework of Dassault Aviation’s SPECTRE code, which is a general 3D code, in order to take advantage of the various models that have already been developed : arbitrary number of sub-domains of various shapes or materials, treatment of the different types of junctions between sub-domains, thin slabs. The efficiency in terms of accuracy and computation time of the numerical code is validated by comparison of the results from other numerical simulations or measurements. All the test cases are representative of several of the main phenomena that can be observed in metamaterials : FSS, “extraordinary” transmission, high-impedance surfaces. Finally, a bandpass radome which is independent to the angle of incidence is studied. The proposed numerical method is used. The chosen structure is based upon an array of coaxial cavities in a metallic slab. We explain the physical origin of resonances that appear and we suggest a geometrical evolution of the profile of the cavities, to favor a wideband behavior
Tran, Thi Bich-Ha. "Modélisation du bruit d'intensité des lasers InGaAsP : étude de la translation du bruit basse fréquence dans la bande du signal de modulation." Toulouse, ENSAE, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997ESAE0010.
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