Journal articles: 'Bamboo Architecture'

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Silva, Fernando José, M. A. P. Rezende, White J. Santos, E. V. M. Carrasco, J. N. R. Mantilla, E. M. Piancastelli, and Aldo G. Magalhães. "Sustainable Architecture with Bamboo Columns Technology." Applied Mechanics and Materials 864 (April 2017): 318–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.864.318.

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Compositions with different pipe segments for constructing structural columns were investigated. In this article there is shown a column type composed of five parallel bamboo bars, connected by screws 16 mm and 13 mm in diameter. Compression tests instrumented with displacement transducers are associated with numerical modeling analysis to describe the column load capacity, from the general criteria of dimensioning. The chosen Bamboos are from the species Phyllostachys pubescens due to its favorable characteristics to produce structures and their common use in China, Brazil and other countries of temperate zones. In this proposal, the load capacity is considerably increased and lateral displacements are insignificant compared to the bamboo tested separately. More usual columns 3 and 4 meters long were modeled and presented the load limits of use for these types of structures. Other dimensions of columns can be calculated by the same system, presenting great design opportunities in the construction of the architecture and built spaces. This article shows a great advantage in using columns with bamboo bars compared to other materials used in the architecture, with guarantee and good indexes of security.

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Wang, Yifan, and Qing Chun. "BAMBOO CANOPY: TOWARDS A LIGHT CONSTRUCTION OF BAMBOO." Journal of Green Building 15, no. 3 (June 1, 2020): 215–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.3992/jgb.15.3.215.

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ABSTRACT Despite the abundance of highly sustainable bamboo, people tend to overlook its structural performance for construction purposes. This paper therefore explores the potential of bamboo architecture to develop light-weight building systems and also to create an effect of lightness. Developed by a team at the School of Architecture of Southeast University, Bamboo Canopy is an outdoor stage canopy in Anji, China, that pushes the boundaries of bamboo as a material for building woven gridshell structure. The work is designed as a long-lifespan bamboo structure, with the design team and locals participating in its construction. Positioned on a public stage, Bamboo Canopy experiments with the combination of sustainable construction and local craftsmanship to produce a highly engaging architectural intervention that activates the existing place. With its wing-like form, it invites visitors to join the performance scene—as they approach the shell, the structure reveals itself—with a 12.4-metre span and 6-metre roof overhang, the canopy covers more than 150 square metres with only 1.2 square metres touching the ground. Through analysing the form, structure and details of this experimental project, this paper clarifies not only the potentiality but also the feasibilities in using bamboo for light construction.

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dubrow, gail, Christina M. In Collaboration with Rockrise, Alyssa Gregory, and Sarah Pawlicki. "Practicing Architecture under the Bamboo Ceiling." Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians 80, no. 3 (September 1, 2021): 280–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/jsah.2021.80.3.280.

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Iwahiko Tsumanuma (also known as Thomas S. Rockrise) was among the earliest immigrants from Japan to come to the United States to study architecture, and in the early twentieth century he established a successful practice, first in New York City and later in Asia. However, despite his training at Syracuse University in the conventional Beaux-Arts architectural vocabulary of the period, Tsumanuma found that the expectations of white patrons required that he design objects and spaces around Orientalist themes in the language of Japonisme. In Practicing Architecture under the Bamboo Ceiling: The Life and Work of Iwahiko Tsumanuma (Thomas S. Rockrise), 1878–1936, Gail Dubrow and collaborators Christina M. Rockrise, Alyssa Gregory, and Sarah Pawlicki make use of a previously unavailable archive of Tsumanuma's family papers to document the architect's life and career, presenting an in-depth case study of the multiple ways in which racism shaped the lives and experiences of Japanese immigrant architects in the United States in the early twentieth century. The methods used for this investigation, which included consulting family papers and collaborating with family descendants, provide a model for scholars seeking to better understand racism's formative role in shaping the history of the architectural profession.

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Fujinuma, Junichi, Matthew D. Potts, Abd Rahman Kassim, Rhett D. Harrison, Abd Razak O., and Takashi S. Kohyama. "Modular, hollow culms of rain-forest bamboos explain their persistence across a wide range of light environments." Journal of Tropical Ecology 34, no. 1 (January 2018): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266467418000032.

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Abstract:Tropical bamboos persist in a wide range of light conditions and quickly respond to changes in light availability. However, the mechanisms underpinning this ability remain unknown. In order to test the hypothesis that the modular and hollow culm architecture of bamboos explains their performance in a wide range of light environments, we determined the allometric relationships of two dominant bamboo species of the upper hill dipterocarp forests of Malaysia, Gigantochloa ligulata (n = 29) and Schizostachyum grande (n = 25), via destructive sampling. We also monitored biomass turnover of bamboos and woody trees in 24 permanent plots (1.92 ha in total) over a one-year period. Compared with woody trees, bamboo culms attained 1.5 times the height and their clumps supported four times as much total leaf area at the same above-ground biomass. In addition, at a given height, bamboo clumps had six times larger crown projection area than trees while having a similar amount of total leaf area per unit of crown projection area. Finally, bamboos’ biomass turnover rate was three times higher than trees, and G. ligulata increased its specific rate of biomass increase after canopy disturbance, while trees decreased. We conclude that the unique architecture of bamboos allows them to persist under closed forest canopy light conditions and to respond to gap formation via high biomass turnover rate.

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Habibi, Shahryar. "DESIGN CONCEPTS FOR THE INTEGRATION OF BAMBOO IN CONTEMPORARY VERNACULAR ARCHITECTURE." Journal of Green Building 14, no. 4 (September 2019): 223–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.3992/1943-4618.14.4.223.

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This paper discusses the development of design concepts for a row of typical bamboo houses, including the layout configuration and the function/aesthetics properties that are important from an architectural perspective. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the role of bamboo in investigations of structural and sustainability benefits and to highlight key research ideas that are important for industrialized production and cultural systems. The development of bamboo housing systems can advance efforts directed at securing home ownership for low-income families through lowering the construction costs to levels that are within their budgets. This paper aims to demonstrate approaches for using bamboo as a structural material for low-income and affordable housing. Bamboo housing can improve the financial stability and economic sustainability of low-income families. This paper presents a review of examples of vernacular architecture and building elements and then highlights the design of two bamboo-structure residential houses based on bio-climatic design strategies.

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Moreira, Luis Eustáquio, Fernando José da Silva, and Francisco Carlos Rodrigues. "Bamboo Mast for Lightweight Arquitecture." Key Engineering Materials 600 (March 2014): 3–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.600.3.

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Bamboo is a pipe produced by solar energy. It is a plant of the graminae family which grows up all over tropical and part of subtropical regions of the world in more than 1250 species. High biomass production, high mechanical resistance, low specific weight and easy workability has done of bamboo a promise to future generations in relationship to sustainable construction systems. Bamboos of the Phyllostachys pubescens species are one of the most resistant and straight axis bamboos, used in China as material construction and other applications, as paper and fabrics. They are the most commercial bamboos of China and its forests covers 5,6 millions of hectare in that country. This exotic species is met on small plantations in Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo states of Brazil. Many characteristics turns bamboo a smart structural element: high resistance/weight ratio; natural nodes spaced along the culm which avoids local buckling and graded distribution of the fibers from inner to outer side of the thickness wall. So, the application of bamboos as tensile structures supports is a coherent choice since these modern tents characterize a lightweight architecture. Some structural bamboos can attain even more than 15 meters long with 10 cm mean diameter. To increase the load capacity of this slender bar and make feasible bamboo use as masts for tensile structures, an hybrid mast using bamboo as axis and 4 steel cables along of was designed and tested in the Structural System Laboratory LASE, and Structures Experimental Analysis Laboratory LAEES, respectively. In this paper it will be presented the results of the mechanical tests for 2 different masts with 6 meters long. Both masts have the same design but important differences which will be discussed in the paper.

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Lapina, A. P., and N. I. Zakieva. "Bamboo in modern construction and architecture." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1083, no. 1 (February 1, 2021): 012019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1083/1/012019.

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Ripper, Jose Luiz Mendes, Daniel Malaguti Campos, and Joao Victor Azevedo de Menezes Correia de Melo. "Textile-Architecture Structured on Bamboo Culms." Key Engineering Materials 517 (June 2012): 189–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.517.189.

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This article aims to disclose the developments of a research on constructive methods of lightweight structures, developed by the Laboratory for Research on Living Design, LILD, from Pontifical Universidade Catolica do Rio de Janeiro, PUC-Rio. One of the objectives of this paper is, using principles of biomimesis, to systematize constructive processes by means of the understanding of how nature creates its forms. In the Laboratory, experiments with soap bubbles and catenaries have been serving this purpose In this case, studies resulted in the solution to the covering of the newly constructed LILDs building, located in the campus of the University, a textile-architecture where structural elements and joints, usually made of steel or wood, were replaced by bamboo culms tied together. The present article also demonstrates how these culms were benefited in order to meet specific requirements of the project.

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Bueno, Marcus Antonio Pereira, Fábio A. Moizés, Ivaldo D. Valarelli, Fernanda Christiane Rossetto Dinhane, Valter Roberto de Brito Celestino, and Rafael A. Pinholati Eugênio. "Particleboard with Inclusion Bi-Oriented Polypropylene Applied in Architecture." Applied Mechanics and Materials 858 (November 2016): 202–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.858.202.

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This paper analyze the potentiality of using the BOPP (bi-oriented polypropylene), a byproduct of automotive battery labeling, in the bamboo particleboard production to be used in architecture projects. On this research, were studied both physical and mechanical properties according to the standards NBR 14810-3/2006 and ANSI A208.1/1999. The particleboards are produced in three traces: 75% bamboo and 25% BOPP, 50% bamboo and 50% BOPP and 100% bamboo. The adhesive used was polyurethane resin with a castor oil base, weighing 12% of the total mass of each panel. The physical properties of water absorption and thickness swelling, in both periods of 2 hours and 24 hours, demonstrated a direct relation with the amount of BOPP and impermeability of particleboards produced. Regarding the mechanical properties of bending and tensile strength, the addition of BOPP had an inverse relation to these properties.

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Tahmasebinia, Faham, Yuanchen Ma, Karl Joshua, Saleh Mohammad Ebrahimzadeh Sepasgozar, Yang Yu, Jike Li, Samad Sepasgozar, and Fernando Alonso Marroquin. "Sustainable Architecture Creating Arches Using a Bamboo Grid Shell Structure: Numerical Analysis and Design." Sustainability 13, no. 5 (March 1, 2021): 2598. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13052598.

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Bamboo is known as a sustainable alternative for green building design, and it has been tied culturally to some regions around the world. However, bamboo’s structural strength for different design scenarios needs more investigation before it is widely adopted. Timber and bamboo have similar mechanical properties, but the latter is a repaid, renewable, sustainable, disaster-resilient system and is versatile, which has more advantages for construction purposes. Natural bamboo and its derivatives have been considered as a high-demand green and environmentally responsible alternative construction material, and this interest is increasing globally. Because of the rapid growth rate and large developing area, it is more useable than the limited timber resource. However, natural bamboo has an anisotropic and nonhomogeneous material property, which varies in multiple directions. There is limited engineering data and investigation of bamboo material and its use in and impact on construction. In this study, three different bamboo models were analyzed by Strand7; each of them had different features in structure and in the major construction material. A new model was proposed by improving the three given structures and was maximized in the mechanical capacity. Some design guidelines were proposed based on the analysis and comparison of different bamboo structures. The model will replace natural bamboo with bamboo scrimber, which is an engineered bamboo derivative that has more uniform material properties.

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Umar, Muhammad Zakaria, Muhammad Arsyad, Santi Santi, and Arman Faslih. "PRINCIPLES OF SUSTAINABLE ARCHITECTURE IN THE PRODUCTION OF BAMBOO WOVEN WALL MATERIALS (DENDROCALAMUS ASPER)." SINERGI 24, no. 1 (January 14, 2020): 57. http://dx.doi.org/10.22441/sinergi.2020.1.008.

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Bamboo is a sustainable building material because the use of new materials is sustainable. In the City of Kendari, there are still craftsmen of bamboo woven wall material. This research is important to do because to reveal how to make bamboo woven wall material by local craftsmen in Kendari and to find out the pattern of making bamboo woven wall material against the principles of sustainable architecture. This research is aimed at identifying and reviewing work tools, work materials, and how to make bamboo woven wall material against the principles of sustainable architecture by local craftsmen in Kendari City. This study uses a case study method with a qualitative approach. This study concluded that the principles of sustainable architecture in bamboo woven wall materials are as follows: working tools are used simply to reduce the use of new materials, the materials for making come from vegetation grown so that the location and natural resource ecosystems are sustainable, and how to make use of human energy so that it saves energy.

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Moreira, Luis Eustáquio, Fernando José da Silva, and Francisco Carlos Rodrigues. "Design and Mechanical Tests of Bamboo Masts." Key Engineering Materials 517 (June 2012): 238–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.517.238.

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Bamboos are smart natural tubes and a resistant material. Many species can be selected with 10 cm basal diameter, 12 m high and approximately straight longitudinal axis. A slender element like that has a relatively low load capacity under compression force. This limitation can be by passed through a composition of bamboo and cables. Through coherent design, this composition may produce an aesthetical and light mast with high axial compression resistance. This hybrid structure opens a big application for bamboo tubes, as for example, masts for the modern tents, known as tensile structures in the low weight architecture. Different compositions which use a large number of bamboos can be derived from this one. So, the mast mechanical performance investigation opens the way for another more complex systems understanding. In this paper, the design of a bamboo mast with 6 meters long is developed. A previous numerical investigation through SAP 2000 v14 structural analysis software was used for mast design and project. Cables and accessories; length and connections of the bracings and others constructive details are investigated until the conquest of a well fitted mast. A non destructive compression mechanical test of the mast rotation free at ends was done. Loads, tension in cables and lateral displacements were gauged in real time. Test results and numerical analysis show that masts can support compression forces many times bigger than bamboo itself.

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Xinping, Yuan, Ji Chenhao, Wang Xueying, Luo Zilong, and Jin Yucheng. "Research on the Applicability of Low-tech Bamboo Architecture in New Rural Construction." MATEC Web of Conferences 175 (2018): 04013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201817504013.

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Bamboo resources are abundant in China, and low-tech bamboo structures are used to maximize the sustainable development of new rural construction. This paper will deeply explore, study and analyze the issue of low-tech bamboo construction, then further analyze its applicability in new rural construction, and ultimately find a feasible plan about bamboo construction, so as to take effective measures to combine new rural construction and green science and technology.

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Hartanti, Grace. "Keberadaan Material Bambu sebagai Subtitusi Material Kayu pada Penerapan Desain Interior dan Arsitektur." Humaniora 1, no. 1 (April 30, 2010): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.21512/humaniora.v1i1.2143.

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Wood is a building material that is frequently used as the main component in interior design and architecture. But, the use of wood is declining today and it is replaced by bamboo. Now, wood material is difficult to find and this condition causes high price in market. Article presents the availability of bamboo that has been known by our society because of its benefit. They use bamboo to meet their everyday life, such as clothes, food, and house needs. Bamboo is also used for the development of interior design as well as architecture , especially in Indonesia.

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Busthomy, Maulana Aji Ali, Sofia Amalia Husna, and Arsyad Bahar. "Characteristics of Petung Bamboo as the Main Structure of Wide Span Bamboo Hall Building at Gubukklakah, Poncokusumo, Malang." Proceedings of the International Conference on Green Technology 10 (February 1, 2020): 51. http://dx.doi.org/10.18860/icgt.v10i0.1171.

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Dendrocalamus asper, or commonly known as “petung bamboo”, is one of the local bamboo varieties that has a thick and wide stem perimeter. Based on its characteristics, petung bamboo has always been the ultimate choice to be utilized as the primary structure of bamboo buildings from a small span building until a wide span building. Nevertheless, there is limited access to the literature which studies the petung bamboo as the primary structure of wide span buildings. This problem had gained our attention to conduct examination and further study. The examination andanalysis of petung bamboo as the primary structure in Gubukklakah Hall building is crucial, due to the structural material recommendation for the architectural design in the future. This study was focusing on the examination of petung bamboo’s characteristics as the primary structure of wide span buildings. There are several methods used in this study such as the qualitative method, literature studies, and case studies. Three important aspects will be discussed in the petung bamboo as the primary structure of the wide span building study framework: characteristics, strength,and on-site application. Hopefully, the study framework can give a positive contribution to Indonesian architecture development in terms of analytical data and documentation from petung bamboo as the primary structure in the Bamboo Hall Building.

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Huang, Jinfei, Yingcai Lou, Kaifang Wang, Rongjie Wang, Hubin Bai, Jun Yin, Bei Shang, Chen Wang, and Shanyu Liu. "A Unique Bamboo Leaf-Like Nanostructure Based Gas Sensor and Its Potential Application in Indoor Formaldehyde Monitor." Journal of Nanoelectronics and Optoelectronics 16, no. 4 (April 1, 2021): 664–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jno.2021.2995.

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Indoor air is significant for human health, and formaldehyde (HCHO) is deemed as the major pollutant in indoor environment. Therefore, the effective detection of HCHO has aroused widespread concern increasingly. In this work, a unique bamboo leaf-like sensing material assembled by nanorods was reported and investigated their potential application in HCHO sensing. It was found that the size of nanorod which was acted as the basic unit of the bamboo leaf-like architecture could be controlled via changing the synthesis temperature. The sensing results demonstrated that the bamboo leaf-like architectures with smaller nanorods in diameter exhibited better HCHO gas response which might be attributed to the smaller size and could offer more surface adsorption sites for HCHO and oxygen molecules.

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Zhong, Li Li, Chun Yu Wei, Yan Xiao, and Bo Shan. "The Regional Expression in Utilization of Material Construction: The Landscape Sketch Practice of the Modern Bamboo Structures in Meixi Lake Project." Key Engineering Materials 517 (June 2012): 150–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.517.150.

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Based on the practice of the landscape sketch bamboo buildings of Meixi Lake in Changsha, this thesis, from the perspective of material construction, aims to perceive the region and bamboo structure, to concern the bamboo frame form and space construction, to try to integrate bamboo structure with other materials and to explore the formation of bamboo-framed building and the related regional expression. Excavating bamboo value, improving bamboo performance and developing bamboo structural building can satisfy requirements as the main part of construction and expression in architecture and promote the using level of GluBam. Technological innovation such as suitable construction skills and reasonable structural system can promote the effective utilizing bamboo and development of modern bamboo structure. It is a alternative green building system for sustainable development.

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Wu, Dong-Fang, Kiyonori Takahashi, Masaru Fujibayashi, Naoto Tsuchiya, Goulven Cosquer, Rui-Kang Huang, Chen Xue, Sadafumi Nishihara, and Takayoshi Nakamura. "Fluoride-bridged dinuclear dysprosium complex showing single-molecule magnetic behavior: supramolecular approach to isolate magnetic molecules." RSC Advances 12, no. 33 (2022): 21280–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d2ra04119g.

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(Na+)(benzo[18]crown-6) forms a bamboo-like supramolecular architecture within the crystal. Dinuclear Dy complexes with polyoxometalate ligands embedded between bamboo nodes exhibited a clear single-molecule magnet (SMM) response.

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Thi Bich Vân, Nguyen. "Bamboo - the eco-friendly material – one of the material solutions of the sustainable interior design in Viet Nam." MATEC Web of Conferences 193 (2018): 04014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201819304014.

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Today, sustainable architecture is not just a trend but an architectural style that has become a "revolution." The lack of interior focus in the process of sustainable architectural development has created a gap between architects, interior designers, clients, or those wishing to live in a responsible construction environment. Responsibility for nature and people. Although environmentally sustainable interior design (ESID) has become a major issue in interior design practice, the frequency with which interior designers make sustainable choices in real practice is still limited, especially when choosing materials. Among these materials, this study wants to emphasize bamboo materials in sustainable furniture design in Vietnam. Indeed, this is a common material in sustainable design in Vietnam, and there are also many studies on the use of bamboo materials in housing construction. However, the paper raises main issues: role of bamboo material in interior design in Vietnam, the better access to a basic knowledge of sustainability, and more up-to-date information about sustainable materials will play a critical role in promoting sustainable practicing in Viet Nam.

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Solanilla Medina, Y. M., and D. V. Mamchenkov. "Organic technique: The formation of a new type of human‐technique‐nature relationship as exemplified in bamboo construction." Technoetic Arts 17, no. 3 (October 1, 2019): 251–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/tear_00019_1.

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Abstract This article demonstrates the possibilities and problems of the formation of a new type of human‐technique‐nature relationship ‐ the organic technique ‐ in modern civilization. It is a relationship in which neither human nor nature must adapt to the needs of technology; rather, the technique is embedded in nature and becomes 'human-sized'. We can find a model for building this new type of relationship in the construction of buildings from bamboo. The uniqueness of bamboo as a building material manifests in two ways. The first relates to resources: bamboo is a very fast-growing plant, so cutting it's stem does not destroy the plant itself and in three to four years there is a new 'harvest'. This means bamboo has an extremely low cost, which is critical for developing countries with rapidly growing populations. Second, bamboo has a number of architectural advantages. Due to the flexibility and elasticity of this product, bamboo buildings are earthquake resistant. Such structures do not violate the natural landscape, but instead work with it; they are characterized by low cost and ease of construction, in a variety of forms. This has led to the widespread use of bamboo by leading architects and innovators from different countries. This article shows that the application of bamboo in architecture ‐ as opposed to artificial materials such as concrete, which exploit and destroy nature and impose their forms on cultures ‐ helps this building technique to integrate into the life of ecosystems and society, and thus to become a model of harmonizing human‐technique‐nature relations.

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Zhao, Zhang Rong, Wan Si Fu, Wang Han, and Jin Bo Zhou. "Study on Bamboo Culm Used for Structure Axial Compression Performance Numerical Simulation." Advanced Materials Research 842 (November 2013): 13–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.842.13.

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Bamboo culms as a structural building material have many advantages, are the ideal material for the future green building, and are increasingly brought to the attention of the industry. If it is widely recognized and adopted by structure and architecture, the complete bamboo culms performance parameters, testing methods, application of standards, and digital design and manufacturing methods are needed. Bamboo culms as a new type of building support, axial compression performance is directly related to the safety of the bamboo-framed buildings. This paper aims to study the structural properties of the bamboo culms compression test methods, and compression failure was simulated. Simulation results and experimental results are consistent. The model proposed in the work provides technical support for the structure of bamboo.

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Chaowana, Kitti, Supanit Wisadsatorn, and Pannipa Chaowana. "Bamboo as a Sustainable Building Material—Culm Characteristics and Properties." Sustainability 13, no. 13 (July 1, 2021): 7376. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13137376.

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Bamboo culm is a renewable and lightweight material with high strength, particularly tensile strength. It is well accepted that bamboo culms have played a significant role in architecture because of their sustainable contribution. The culm characteristics and properties of three-year-old bamboo from five species (Dendrocalamus asper, Dendrocalamus sericeus, Dendrocalamus membranaceus, Thyrsostachys oliveri, and Phyllostachys makinoi) were investigated. The results show that each bamboo species has different culm characteristics along with culm length. Culm size, particularly the outer culm diameter and culm wall thickness, affects the ultimate load. These results confirm that a bigger culm with a thicker wall could receive more load. D. asper received the highest ultimate load, while T. oliveri received the lowest ultimate load. However, when calculating the test results for stress (load per cross-section area), P. Makinoi showed excellent mechanical properties, while D. asper showed the worst mechanical properties. This research promotes bamboo’s appropriate use for building applications and as a more sustainable material for architecture.

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Souza, Vanessa Carolina de, and Célia Regina Moretti Meirelles. "Analysis of the bamboo construction process in the architecture of Leiko Motomura and Simón Vélez." International Journal for Innovation Education and Research 9, no. 9 (September 1, 2021): 589–600. http://dx.doi.org/10.31686/ijier.vol9.iss9.3403.

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The interest in the use of natural materials by construction professionals has been growing as the concern with designing buildings with low environmental impact arises. For this reason bamboo is an excellent choice, as this material has a high resistance parallel to the fibers, is light and has a great capacity to incorporate CO². Given the context described above, this article aims to analyze the constructive techniques in bamboo culms in two works of architectural relevance: Max Feffer Cultural Center (Brazil) and Casa Serra Grande (Brazil), by architects Leiko Motomura and Simón Vélez. For this, field visits were made for a better understanding of bamboo connections, analysis of photographs, files, 3D models and bibliographical research regarding the material. The study helps to understand and reflect on the constructive components of bamboo in architectural projects, highlighting the association between the traditional elements of fittings, associated with the technology available today, such as the grout associated with screws, clamps and spacers.

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Emamverdian, Abolghassem, Yulong Ding, Fatemeh Ranaei, and Zishan Ahmad. "Application of Bamboo Plants in Nine Aspects." Scientific World Journal 2020 (September 30, 2020): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/7284203.

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Bamboo forests are undoubtedly one of the most abundant nontimber plants on Earth and cover a wide area of tropical and subtropical regions around the world. This amazing plant has unique rapid growth and can play an important role in protecting our planet from pollution and improving the soil. Bamboo can be used as a biofuel, food, and for architecture and construction applications and plays a large role in the local economy by creating job opportunities. The aim of this paper is to review the extraordinary tropical plant bamboo by explaining the mechanisms related to the growth and strength of bamboo and identifying ways to utilize bamboo in industry, employment, climate change mitigation, and soil erosion reduction.

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Silva, Fernando José, Bernardo Félix Santiago Lana, Francisco Carlos Rodrigues, and Luís Eustáquio Moreira. "Buckling of Bamboo Masts with Interposed Spacers." Key Engineering Materials 634 (December 2014): 389–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.634.389.

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A hollow bamboo in its raw state, from the geometrical point of view and language engineering can be defined as an element of tubular bar, not prismatic, approximately circular cross sections, stiff by intermittent internal disks positioned along the bar. The decrease in the diameter and wall thickness usually happens from the bottom up, the basal part may contain some exceptions, with sections of the base with diameters smaller than the second, then to diminish steadily to the top. This architecture has a genetic component that resulted from constant interactions of bamboo with the actions of wind, which stimulated increased local resistance of the most requested points mechanically, not only by concentrated lignification in cellulosic tissues, such as the geometric localized variations. From the viewpoint of composite materials science, bamboo can be defined as a composition of two different materials, a first fiber and vessels oriented and aligned along the internodal stem sections, which connect to another material with fibers and vessels tangled - anastonose - intermittent stiffeners composing the above cited nodes. In both materials vessels and fibers are surrounded by a parenchymathous matrix of hollow cells that store sugars. The mechanical point of view, bamboo, due to the configuration, the rigidity and strength components and a tubular geometry is a flexible structural element with high mechanical resistance. This flexibility makes the long elements have low load capacity in flexion compression, if the goal is the application of bamboo in construction structures. This issue can be circumvented by systemic compositions, called masts, [1,2] which can be applied in a single long bamboo element resistant to relatively high compressive loads. In the present investigation, four parallel bamboos 5.5 meters long, the speciesPhyllostachys pubescensare discontinuously connected by bamboo segments interposed fixed by steel pins, achieving this composition with a load limit of 48 kN in controlled experiments. These experiments were also used and motivated to find the numerical modeling by the MEF, whose results were widely discussed.

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Yang, Zhenya, Yonghui Cao, Jiancheng Zhao, Benzhi Zhou, Xiaogai Ge, Qin Li, and Maihe Li. "Root Response of Moso Bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis (Carrière) J. Houz.) Seedlings to Drought with Different Intensities and Durations." Forests 12, no. 1 (December 31, 2020): 50. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f12010050.

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The root of Moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis (Carrière) J. Houz.) develops extremely rapidly at seedling phase and is highly sensitive to water content in soil, but its response patterns and adaptation strategies of its root to drought are little known. The aim of this study was to investigate the response of root morphology and architecture of Moso bamboo to drought at seedling phase and then to explore the drought adaptation strategies of its root. One-year-old potted seedlings of Moso bamboo were planted under three drought treatments (control, moderate drought and severe drought) for three months. Seedling growth, specific root length (SRL), root architecture (fractal dimension (FD), root branching angle (RBA) and root topological index (TI)) and non-structural carbohydrate (NSC) concentrations in roots were measured every month. The results are as follows: (i) The dry weight of root and shoot decreased significantly under drought stress. (ii) The SRL decreased under drought stress in the early duration (the first month), and then increased in the late duration (the third month). Both FD and RBA decreased, while TI and the concentrations of NSCs increased under drought stress. (iii) The NSC concentrations were positively correlated with SRL and TI, but exhibited an inverse relationship to FD and RBA. Our results indicated that Moso bamboo seedlings formed a “steeper, simpler, expensive (low SRL and high TI)” root architecture to adapt to a short-term drought (one month), and formed a “cheaper (high SRL)” root to adapt to a long-term drought (three months). Increase of NSC concentrations supported the root architecture plasticity to some extent.

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Rao, Jin, Jun Jiang, Nayebare Kakwara Prosper, Xiushu Yang, Tingsong Liu, Wei Cai, Hui Wang, and Fangli Sun. "Combination of polyethylene glycol impregnation and paraffin heat treatment to protect round bamboo from cracking." Royal Society Open Science 6, no. 11 (November 2019): 190105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.190105.

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Round bamboo has drawn more and more attention in architecture, decoration and recreational products. Splitting brings some safety problems, which shorten the service life of round bamboo. In this paper, three schemes were adopted as follows to solve the problem: round bamboo was impregnated in polyethylene glycol (PEG)-1000 solution alone, heat treatment in paraffin alone or treated with the combination of PEG impregnation and paraffin heat treatment (PEG–PH). The treated bamboo was exposed outdoors for 26 weeks to evaluate the development of cracks. Results showed as follows: the initial split of PEG–PH-treated bamboo appeared after 22 weeks, while that of the controls after 2 weeks, the total length of cracks was 2271.31 and 873.5 mm for the control and PEG–PH-treated bamboo, respectively. To reveal the reasons for reduced cracks, scanning electron micrograph (SEM) was employed to observe the microstructure of bamboo; besides, hydrophobicity of bamboo was characterized by the water contact angle. PEG can swell the cell wall and the better hydrophobicity of round bamboo could be achieved after PEG–PH treatment. Therefore, the combination of PEG immersion and paraffin heating is an effective and practicable method in bamboo treatment, especially for round bamboo with high moisture content.

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Chele, Esteve-Sendra, Moreno-Cuesta Ricardo, Portalés-Mañanós Ana, and Magal-Royo Teresa. "Bamboo, from Traditional Crafts to Contemporary Design and Architecture." Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 51 (2012): 777–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2012.08.239.

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Goonewardena, Janeshka, Mahmud Ashraf, Johannes Reiner, Bidur Kafle, and Mahbube Subhani. "Constitutive Material Model for the Compressive Behaviour of Engineered Bamboo." Buildings 12, no. 9 (September 19, 2022): 1490. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings12091490.

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The mechanical properties of the structural components (i.e., columns and beams produced from engineered bamboo products), such as, bamboo scrimber (also known as parallel bamboo strand lumber, PBSL) and Laminated Bamboo Lumber (LBL), have attracted considerable attention from researchers in recent years. In previous studies, researchers reported on the stress-strain behaviour of bamboo scrimber, LBL and glue laminated bamboo under compression and proposed some empirical and semi-empirical models, based on their individual studies. However, a generic constitutive model for engineered bamboo products is still not available. The compressive stress-strain curves of bamboo scrimber and LBL are reported to show a similar behaviour with three distinct stages i.e., a linear elastic stage followed by a nonlinear plastic stage and a plateau. As part of the current study, the previously proposed models for bamboo scrimber were carefully studied and all available material test results on engineered bamboo were used to develop a generic constitutive model, based on the Ramberg-Osgood (RO) formulation considering its suitability to capture its material nonlinearity. Based on the test results, it was observed that 1% proof stress can be used in a compound RO model to predict an accurate material response for bamboo scrimber. The proposed modelling technique has also been applied to predict the compressive behaviour of LBL. This paper proposes the RO coefficients for both bamboo scrimber and LBL that can be used to develop accurate nonlinear models for engineered bamboo products.

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Julya ; Anastasia Maurina, Sharon. "STRUCTURAL AND ARCHITECTURAL FUNCTION IN BAMBOO CONSTRUCTION OF TAMAN BUAH MEKARSARI AMPHITEATHER BUILDING." Riset Arsitektur (RISA) 4, no. 1 (January 13, 2020): 81–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.26593/risa.v4i1.3689.81-98.

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Abstract- Building structures are one of the most essential and basic components to make designs and construction realizations in architecture. Choosing the material for building learning since influences have been building the system and its ability to support and act as a load-bearing structure. One material that Indonesia possesses, which is also able to compete in strength and become a structural element of the building, is bamboo. An example seen in Mekarsari Fruit Garden Amphitheater building in Bogor displays a roof that is not only for the building's enclosure but also a structural function of the building. This dual function in architecture affects space, activity, and space atmosphere created by the uniqueness and natural element of the material itself. The main purpose of this study is to find an optimal and functional structure and beauty in the architectural system in Mekarsari Fruit Garden Amphitheater building. This study uses qualitative methods and collects the data from several ways through the literature, site, and building observation, object visual documentation, interviewed architect of the Taman Buah Mekarsari Amphitheater, simulations of building structure software, and the analog model. From this study, it can be concluded that roof structures can keep the symmetric form of the Taman Buah Mekarsari Amphitheater building and give through the structure configuration inside and deliver the message of the building concept.. Key Words: Structure, bamboo, structural function and architectural function, Taman Buah Mekarsari Amphitheatre

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Hu, Ailian, Chungui Du, Yating Hua, Yingying Shan, Chunlin Liu, Shiqin Chen, Qi Li, and Hongwei Yu. "Preparation and Flame Retardant Properties of Calcium–Aluminium Hydrotalcite with Root Cutting Silicate Layers as Bamboo Flame Retardants." Materials 14, no. 23 (November 29, 2021): 7319. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14237319.

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Bamboo has been widely used in architecture, decoration and other fields because of its advantages of short growth period, high strength and degradability. However, bamboo, as a combustible material like wood, are easy to burn and cause building fires. However, the existing bamboo water-based flame retardants have some shortcomings, such as strong hygroscopicity and easy loss, which limits the application of bamboo products. In order to improve the flame retardant performance of bamboo, CaAl-SiO2 layered double hydroxide (LDH) as bamboo flame retardant was synthesised by coprecipitation method. The influence of preparation technology on CaAl–SiO3–LDH structures and properties as well as the flame retardant and smoke suppression characteristics of flame retardant-treated bamboo was discussed. The results revealed that the crystallisation temperature, crystallisation time and crystallisation concentration of CaAl–SiO3–LDHs considerably affected its structure and properties. The optimum technological parameters for preparing CaAl–SiO3–LDHs by using the coprecipitation method are as follows: crystallisation temperature of 100 °C, crystallisation time of 9 h and Ca2+ solution molar concentration of 0.33 mol/L. Compared with nonflame-retardant wood, CaAl–SiO3–LDH flame retardant treatment delayed the peak time of the heat release rate by 20 s and the ignition time by 77.78% and increased the carbon residue rate by 9.54%. This study can provide reference for the research of new flame retardant for bamboo products.

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Li, Quanfeng, Xiaodong Ji, Zihao Jin, Jin Xu, Shihan Yang, and Shumin Lv. "Numerical Simulation of the Shear Capacity of a GFRP-Strengthened Natural Bamboo-Bolt Composite Joint." Polymers 14, no. 15 (July 26, 2022): 3024. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14153024.

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As an ecological green building material, natural bamboo has many advantages such as a light weight, high strength, and short growth cycle. Natural bamboo is widely used in landscape architecture and fabricated structures. However, in bamboo building structures, the most common bolted joints often appear cleaved along the grain. In this paper, glass fiber-reinforced polymer (GFRP) is designed to wrap and improve the shear capacity of natural bamboo-bolt composite joints. According to the corresponding material parameters, the finite element model of composite joints is established, and the key influencing variables of the bearing capacity, namely the bolt diameter, bamboo tube outer diameter, and screw end distance, are analyzed. In addition, according to the European analytical yield model of bolted connections, the analytical calculation method of the bearing capacity is proposed and compared with the experimental and simulated values. The results showed that the numerical model and the modified analytical model can suitably describe the bearing capacity of composite joints, and a higher bolt diameter, along with the bamboo outer diameter, will lead to a higher ultimate load of the composite joints. Moreover, the bearing capacity of composite joints has no obvious relationship with the end spacing.

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Hadinoto, Hadinoto, and Eni Suhesti. "MODEL ARSITEKTUR POHON ARBORETUM UNIVERSITAS LANCANG KUNING SEBAGAI PENUNJANG PEMBELAJARAN." Wahana Forestra: Jurnal Kehutanan 13, no. 1 (January 16, 2018): 39–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.31849/forestra.v13i1.1527.

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Arboretum is an example of forest which is a collection of trees which is a form of conservation of human-made germplasm. Arboretum with various vegetation containing scientific values can be used as an open laboratory for student education and research facilities. The pattern of branching plants will form a form of plant architecture. The branching architecture is a morphological representation of a particular phase of a series of tree growth series, real and observable at all times. This research was conducted by conducting a survey (survey) and direct observation of the model of bamboo branching architecture in plants located in the research location. Identification of tree architecture model using book by F. Halle & R.A.A.Oldeman, namely: An Essay On The Architecture and Dynamics of Growth of Tropical Trees. Each tree is observed and photographed, as research documentation. Analysis conducted in this research is descriptive analysis to the type and shape of architectural architecture of Arboretum University of Lancang Kuning. Based on the results of research that has been done, can be drawn conclusion as follows: obtained 10 shapes / models of tree architecture of 41 species of trees (diamater ≥ 20 cm).

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dos Reis Pereira, Marco Antonio, and Tomas Queiroz Ferreira Barata. "Bamboo as Sustainable Material Used in Design and Civil Construction: Species, Management, Characterization and Applications." Key Engineering Materials 634 (December 2014): 339–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.634.339.

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. The use of bamboo as construction and raw material for producing products can be considered a feasible alternative to the abusive use of steel, concrete and oil byproducts. Its use can also reduce the pressure on the use of wood from native and planted forests. Although there are thousands of bamboo species spread about the world and Brazil itself has hundreds of native species, the use and basic knowledge of its characteristics and applications are still little known and little disseminated. This paper's main objective is to introduce the species, the management phases, the physical and mechanical characteristics and the experiences in using bamboo in design and civil construction as per the Bamboo Project implemented at UNESP, Bauru campus since 1994. The results are divided into: a) Field activities - description of the technological species of interest, production chain flows, types of preservative treatments and clump management practices for the development, adaptation and production of different species of culms; b) Lab experiments - physical and mechanical characterization of culms processed as laminated strips and as composite material (glue laminated bamboo – glubam); c) Uses in projects - experiences with natural bamboo and glubam in design, architecture and civil construction projects. In the final remarks, the study aims to demonstrate, through practical and laboratory results, the material's multi-functionality and the feasibility in using bamboo as a sustainable material.

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Norrie, Helen, Harriet Georgina Elliott, Philippa Grainger, Nici Long, Jed Long, and Tracey Woods. "Dynamics of bamboo design and build collaborations." Journal of Public Space 2, no. 3 (December 9, 2017): 93. http://dx.doi.org/10.5204/jps.v2i3.118.

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<p>Design and construction of a temporary bamboo structure provided the vehicle to explore live and interactive design-led research, extending collaborative partnerships and forging new relationships. Designed for two events of contrasting scale as part of the Dark Mofo annual arts festival hosted by the Museum of Old and New Art (MONA) in Hobart, Tasmania, the project drew on an extensive portfolio of research into traditional and contemporary bamboo structures complied by Sydney-based architecture practice, Cave Urban. It extended Cave Urban’s previous partnerships with Taiwanese artist, Wang Wen Chih, and involved collaboration between Cave Urban and students from the University of Tasmania (UTAS) School of Architecture & Design and Tasmanian College of the Arts (TCotA), and on-site assistance from the MONA events construction team.<br />Construction over a three-week process involved design research that provided new knowledge into bamboo structures and developed new process of Learning By Making as a form of collaborative research-based teaching. Interaction between the team of 25 people shifted between modes of open/closed and flat/hierarchical collaboration, in a dynamic process that lent new definition to the idea of ‘live’ projects. Design-led research provided the opportunity for an equal number of students and expert collaborators, facilitating an opportunity to explore a master/apprentice model, to expanded practical and theoretical knowledge and expertise through the design and construction of a temporary civic event space.</p>

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Parsons, James J. "Giant American Bamboo in the Vernacular Architecture of Colombia and Ecuador." Geographical Review 81, no. 2 (April 1991): 131. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/215979.

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Habibi, Shahryar. "Design concepts for the integration of bamboo in contemporary vernacular architecture." Architectural Engineering and Design Management 15, no. 6 (August 20, 2019): 475–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17452007.2019.1656596.

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Maslucha, L., Y. E. Putrie, S. Rahma, A. N. Handryant, and V. Ramardani. "Contribution of bamboo materials in architecture education towards sustainable community development." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 456 (April 8, 2020): 012047. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/456/1/012047.

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Mabborang, Ma Haidee, Bryan M. Nozaleda, Ruth N. Maguddayao, Leonora Udaundo, Narcisa Laggui, Engr Buencamino Martin, and Corazon Sibal. "Vernacular House Architecture and Climate Change Adaptation: Lessons from the Indigenous Peoples of Cagayan, Philippines." Journal of Climate Change 8, no. 4 (December 5, 2022): 25–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/jcc220027.

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Structures such as vernacular dwellings were not only shaped by culture and tradition but also reveal how people dealt with climate. Using a descriptive-qualitative research design, this study analysed the vernacular houses of the Ibanag, Itawit, and Malaweg in the province of Cagayan in the Philippines to derive a practical template for designing sustainable and climate-conscious houses and buildings. Using focus group discussions (FGD) and observations cross referencing it to concretised architectural and cultural sources revealed that the vernacular houses, particularly that of the Ibanag and Itawit, possess similar characteristics to the typical Filipino bahaykubo, however, distinguished with a separate kitchen bridged by a “balag” or “binattag”. It is elevated from the ground to keep the floor dry and to protect their belongings when the Cagayan River swells. The walling and windows of awning or sliding type made of bamboo practically makes the house penetrable providing natural ventilation and lighting. The “gannung” or “tallung” (silong in Tagalog) allows air to flow from below through the bamboo permeable floors. There is absence of ceilings or room divisions in the house that allows free circulation of air during the hot seasons. Moreover, materials like cogon, bamboo, uway (rattan), and local woods which are endemic in the locality were used in its construction. Ultimately, close community ties and the bayanihan spirit in the community are vital mechanisms for climate change adaptation. With the environmental challenges indigenous communities are facing today, the vernacular houses’ architectural design features can inspire the houses and buildings of today.

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Seixas, Mario, Luís Eustáquio Moreira, Patrick Stoffel, João Bina, José Luiz Mendes Ripper, Jorge Lucas Ferreira, and Khosrow Ghavami. "Analysis of a self-supporting bamboo structure with flexible joints." International Journal of Space Structures 36, no. 2 (March 21, 2021): 137–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/09560599211001660.

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Self-supporting bamboo structures are ultralight architectural modules applying bamboo round poles, tensile pantographic grids and textile membranes. The structural system applies articulated flexible joints in polyester ropes and locking bio-composite bandage rings, keeping bamboo bars free of torsion stresses. An experimental 1:3 scale prototype and a full-scale structure were fabricated to make previsions about the physical and mechanical behavior of the structure. The experimental results were verified applying a numerical model for the structure. In turn, the flexible joints were analyzed theoretically. The computer model was analyzed using the finite element SAP2000 program. The numerical results were in close agreement with the experimental results specifically for the structural behavior of the flexible joints.

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Restagno, Matteo, Gian Nicola Ricci, and Andrea Bocco Guarneri. "Re-Start from Straw." Key Engineering Materials 600 (March 2014): 801–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.600.801.

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This paper describes the concept and realization of an earthquake-proof prototype to verify the appropriateness of an orphanage to be built in Haiti. The construction system utilizes mainly natural and local materials like rice straw bales and bamboo. This work is the result of a master thesis in Architecture at the Politecnico di Torino. It originates from the collaboration with Architettura senza frontiere Piemonte, an Italian NGO. The wider scope of the project is to contribute to returning to rice farming and to recognizing rice straw as an appropriate building material for Haiti. Both goals would constitute a step towards establishing an integrated social, economic, environmental, agricultural, and architectural process.

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Xiang, Xingwei, Qian Wu, Ye Zhang, Bifeng Zhu, Xiaoji Wang, Anping Wan, Tongle Huang, and Luoke Hu. "A Pedagogical Approach to Incorporating the Concept of Sustainability into Design-to-Physical-Construction Teaching in Introductory Architectural Design Courses: A Case Study on a Bamboo Construction Project." Sustainability 13, no. 14 (July 9, 2021): 7692. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13147692.

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Sustainable architectural education is offered in colleges and universities all over the world. Studies have emphasized the importance of sustainable architectural education in introductory courses of architecture major programs, but methods and strategies for teaching sustainable architecture at lower levels are scarce. This study focuses on the design-to-physical-construction process and creates a teaching framework that incorporates the concept of sustainable development from the perspectives of sustainable economy, environment and society. Based on the teaching method of learning through the design-to-physical-construction process and referring to the grounded theory, a case study on a bamboo construction project was conducted to explore approaches and strategies of sustainable architectural education in introductory courses. Results reveal that five systems, including the system of sustainable development, consist of a framework that illustrated the teaching effects. Based on the framework, we discovered five factors that should be considered in incorporating the concept of sustainable development into architectural design teaching, including the necessity of conducting sustainable architectural education in introductory courses. This study helps explore the potential role sustainability plays in incorporating interdisciplinary knowledge, connecting specialized knowledge across different program levels, and motivating student learning. It also provides a reference for the practice of sustainable architectural education.

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Li, Z., C. Wang, and R. Wang. "Application of screw reinforcement in the slotted-in bamboo-steel-bamboo connections." Structures 33 (October 2021): 4112–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.istruc.2021.07.024.

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Davies, Chen Mao, and Brian Runciman. "Chinese Bamboo: Social Start-Ups." ITNOW 60, no. 4 (2018): 56–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/itnow/bwy108.

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Silva, Cibelle G., Normando Perazzo Barbosa, and Marilia P. Oliveira. "Potentiality of Plaster Reinforced by Bamboo in Structural Elements." Key Engineering Materials 517 (June 2012): 213–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.517.213.

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The world crosses an energetic, environmental and social crisis without precedents. Architecture and Engineering are also responsible because the more used industrialized construction materials, as Portland cement, concrete and steel, in their production process, demand a lot of energy, cause serious impacts to the environment and need big investments. One possibility to decrease this problem is the non compulsory employment of products based on Portland cement and steel, but also using local materials with which is possible to construct worthily. This work has as proposal the development of a structural gypsum element reinforced with bamboo that can be used as lintel and against-lintel in the constructions. Prisms samples (4cm x 4cm x 16cm) of gypsum matrix reinforced with bamboo rods were prepared and flexural tests were made. To improve bond between the two materials, treatments in the bamboo were tested. The tests showed that the most efficient material for this treatment was epoxy glue. Pre-fabricated structural peaces in real size were also tested through flexion tests in laboratory and applied in an prototype built in the University campus. The casting was made using vibratory table. Results show that vibrated bamboo reinforced gypsum is viable to be used in small structural beams and even replacing wood peaces in roofs.

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Wu, Yao, Zhichao Wan, and Zhi Li. "Mode I fracture behavior of unidirectional bamboo laminate and its applications to the estimation of bamboo-steel-bamboo connections’ bearing capacities." Structures 45 (November 2022): 2226–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.istruc.2022.10.050.

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Crolla, Kristof. "Bending Bamboo Rules: Beyond Century-Old Typologies." Journal of Architectural Education 72, no. 1 (January 2, 2018): 135–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10464883.2018.1410669.

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Xiang, Zhang. "Study on Popularization and Application of Bamboo in Interior Design of Chinese Architecture." Science Discovery 5, no. 7 (2017): 561. http://dx.doi.org/10.11648/j.sd.20170507.25.

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Susanto, D., Widyarko, and A. N. Ilmiani. "Flexible architecture: bamboo as a tool for children to play in urban kampung." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 126 (March 2018): 012039. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/126/1/012039.

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Suzuki, Kiyoshi, and Takao Itoh. "The changes in cell wall architecture during lignification of bamboo, Phyllostachys aurea Carr." Trees 15, no. 3 (February 16, 2001): 137–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004680000084.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Bamboo Architecture'

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