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Thomson, Belinda. "A cost effective grassland management strategy to reduce the number of bird strikes at the Brisbane airport." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2007. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/16576/1/Belinda_Thomson_Thesis.pdf.
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In an era of acute concern about airline safety, bird strikes are still one of the major hazards to aviation worldwide. The severity of the problem is such that it is mandatory in all developed countries to include bird management as part of airport safety management programs. In Australia, there are approximately 500 bird aircraft strikes per year (Bailey 2000). Brisbane airport has a relatively high occurrence of strikes, with an average of 77 recorded every year (2002-2004).
Given the severity of the problem, a variety of techniques have been employed by airports to reduce bird strikes. Scare devices, repellents, continuous patrols for bird hazing, use of raptors to clear airspace of birds and depredation are used by many airports. Even given the diversity of control methods available, it is accepted that habitat management is the most effective long term way to control birds in and around the airport space. Experimental studies have shown that habitat manipulation and active scaring measures (shooting, scaring etc), can reduce bird numbers to an acceptable level.
The current study investigated bird populations in six major vegetation habitat types identified within the operational and surrounding areas of Brisbane airport. In order to determine areas where greater bird control and management should be focused, bird abundance, distribution, and activity were recorded and habitats that pose the greatest bird strike risk to aircraft were identified. Secondly, species with high hazard potential were identified and ranked according to their hazard potential to aircraft.
This study also investigated the effectiveness of different vegetation management options to reduce bird species abundance within operational areas of Brisbane airport. Four different management options were compared. Each management option was assessed for grass structural complexity and potential food resources available to hazardous bird species.
Analysis of recorded data showed that of the habitats compared within the Brisbane airport boundaries, grasslands surrounding runways, taxiways and aprons possess the greatest richness and abundance of bird species that pose the greatest potential hazard to aircraft. Ibis and the Australian kestrel were identified as the bird species that pose the greatest risk to aircraft at Brisbane airport, and both were found in greatest numbers within the managed grasslands surrounding operational areas at the airport.
An improved reporting process that allows correct identification of all individual bird species involved in bird strikes will not only increase the accuracy of risk assessments, but will also allow implementation of more effective control strategies at Brisbane airport.
Compared with current grassland management practice, a vegetation management option of maintaining grass height at 30-50cm reduced total bird utilisation by 89% while utilisation of grassland by potentially hazardous birds was also reduced by 85%.
Maintaining grass height within the 30-50cm range also resulted in a 45% reduction in the number of manipulations required per year (11 to 6), when compared with current management practices, and a 64% reduction in annual maintenance cost per hectare. When extrapolated to the entire maintained grass area at Brisbane airport, this resulted in a saving of over $60 000 annually.
Optimisation of potential hazard reduction will rely on future studies that investigate the effect of particular vegetation species that could replace the existing mix of grasses used at Brisbane airport and an understanding of the relative importance of vegetation structure and food supply in determining utilisation by potentially hazardous bird species.
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Matar, Gladys. "Caractérisation biophysique de peptides riches en tryptophane à l'interface air-eau : apport de l'optique non linéaire." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010LYO10249.
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Les protéines membranaires sont particulièrement riches en acides aminés aromatiques, tels que le tryptophane (W). On retrouve cette originalité dans beaucoup de peptides antimicrobiens et dans les protéines de fusion virales. La glycoprotéine de l'enveloppe de HIV-1, gp41, en est un exemple. Manifestement, les résidus W sont impliqués dans la perturbation des membranes et la formation des pores. L'objectif de ce travail est d'étudier le rôle des résidus W dans de telles activités en utilisant l'optique non linéaire. Pour cela, nous avons préalablement déterminé l'hyperpolarisabilité (le potentiel non linéaire) du W par la diffusion Hyper Raleigh (HRS). Puis nous avons montré une évolution de la réponse non linéaire de petits peptides synthétiques en fonction du nombre croissant de leurs résidus W. Ces résultats ont permis de suivre l'implication des tryptophanes de deux peptides K3W et gp41W, lors de leurs interactions avec des monocouches lipidiques à l'interface air-eau par la génération de second harmonique (SHG). D'autre part, l'influence de telles interactions sur la structure secondaire et l'orientation des peptides a été déterminée par le PM-IRRAS. Nous avons ainsi montré la cohérence entre les modifications du signal SHG, liées à des changements d'orientation des tryptophanes et celles des spectres de PM-IRRAS, dues à des changements d'orientation de la structure secondaire de gp41WMembrane proteins are extremely rich in aromatic amino acids, like tryptophan (W). This particularity is found in many antimicrobial peptides and in several virus fusion proteins. An example of these fusion proteins is the HIV-1 envelop glycoprotein, the gp41. It is clear that the W residues are implicated in membrane perturbation and pore formation. The aim of this work was the investigation of the W residue role in such activities, using the nonlinear optic. First, we determined the W hyperpolarizabilité (nonlinear potential) by the Hyper Rayleigh Scattering (HRS). Then, the evolution of the nonlinear signal of small synthetic peptides, as function of the increasing number of their W residues, was demonstrated. These results allowed us to follow the W residue involvement of two peptides, K3W4 and gp41W, in the interaction with lipids monolayer at the air-water interface, using the second harmonic generation (SHG). The influence of such interaction in the peptide structure and orientation was determined using the PM-IRRAS. In conclusion, we showed the coherence between the SHG signal variation, due to the W orientation changes, and the PMIRRAS spectra modification, due to the gp41W helix orientation changes
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Moraes, Marli Leite de. "Filmes de Langmuir e vesículas multilamelares de fosfolipídios e suas interações com um peptídeo oriundo da proteína p24 do HIV-1." Universidade de São Paulo, 2003. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/76/76132/tde-18062008-115445/.
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A investigação dos mecanismos de interação dos vírus com as células do hospedeiro trazem informações relevantes para a identificação de alvos no desenvolvimento de drogas para impedir a penetração e/ou desenvolvimento dos vírus. Peptídeos desenhados a partir de proteínas virais foram desenvolvidos e testados quanto as suas capacidades de inibir o processo de fusão do vírus com a célula do hospedeiro. Alguns se encontram em fase de avaliação clínica. Anticorpos contra a proteína p24 do HIV-1 foram detectados no soro de pacientes HIV-positivos, e estes reconhecem pequenas seqüências peptídicas desta proteína. Neste trabalho foi analisada a interação entre uma seqüência peptídica correspondente aos aminoácidos 196-224 (AAMQMLKETINEEAAEWDRVHPVHAGPIA) da proteína p24, denominado p24- 1, com sistemas biomiméticos. Os sistemas utilizados foram filmes de Langmuir (monocamadas) de dipalmitoil fosfatidil colina (DPPC) e dipalmitoil fosfatidil glicerol (DPPG) e vesículas multilamelares (MLVs) de DPPC. O p24-1 encontra-se desorganizado em solução aquosa, mas com a interação com as MLVs de DPPC teve induzido uma conformação hélice ?, de acordo com o espectro de dicroísmo circular (CD). Esta característica foi confirmada pela predição de hélice a seguida por uma estrutura não ordenada contendo 11 resíduos do p24-1. As isotermas de pressão e potencial de superfície das monocamadas de DPPC foram afetadas com a presença de 0,05% mo1 de p24-1, com uma expansão de aproximadamente 5%. Para concentrações acima de 0,5% mo1 de p24-1 a expansão foi de 20%, com saturação do efeito da concentração. O efeito de expansão foi acompanhado por uma alteração na morfologia das monocamadas, estudados com microscopia no ângulo de Brewster (BAM). A incorporação do p24-1 impede a formação de grandes domínios de DPPC. O efeito cooperativo causado na monocamada de fosfolipídios pelo p24-1 sugere que esse tem um potencial na atividade antiviral por participar da expansão da membrana da célula hospedeira.The investigation of the interaction mechanisms between the viruses and the host cells brings relevant information for the identification of targets on the development of drugs to prevent the penetration and/or development of the viruses. Peptides designed from viral proteins have been developed and tested on its capacities of inhibiting the merging process of the virus with the host cell. Some of them are in clinical evaluation. Antibodies against the protein p24 of the HIV-1 have been detected in the serum of HIV-positive patients, and they are able to recognize short peptide sequences of this protein. In this work, it was analyzed the interaction between a peptide sequence corresponding to amino acids 196-224 (AAMQMLKETINEEAAEWDRVHPVHAGPIA) of the protein p24, called p24- 1, and biomimetic systems. The systems used were Langmuir films (monolayers) of dipalmitoyl phosphatidyl choline (DPPC) and dipalmitoyl phosphatidyl glycerol (DPPG) and multilamelar vesicles (MLVs) of DPPC. p24-1 is found disorganized in watery solution, but with the interaction with the MLVs of DPPC it had induced a conformation ?-helix, according to the circular dichoism spectra (CD). This characteristic was confirmed by the prediction of ?-helix followed by an unordered structure with 11 residues of p24-1. The isotherms of pressure and potential of surface of the DPPC monolayers were affected by the presence of 0,05% mo1 of p24-1, with an expansion of approximately 5%. For concentrations above 0,5% mol of p24-1 the expansion was 20%, with saturation of the concentration effect. The expansion effect was followed by a morphologic alteration of the monolayers, studied with microscopy of the Brewster angle (BAM). The incorporation of p24-1 prevents the formation of large domains of DPPC. The cooperative effect caused in the phospholipid monolayer by p24-1 suggests that this peptide has a potential in the antiviral activity, once its participates on the expansion of the host cell membrane.
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Newton, Barry Edward. "Thermal profile of a near-adiabatic compression process in a cylindrical tube and establishment of critical control elements for repeatable process control." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2011. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/48340/1/Barry_Newton_Thesis.pdf.
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The compressed gas industry and government agencies worldwide utilize "adiabatic compression" testing for qualifying high-pressure valves, regulators, and other related flow control equipment for gaseous oxygen service. This test methodology is known by various terms including adiabatic compression testing, gaseous fluid impact testing, pneumatic impact testing, and BAM testing as the most common terms. The test methodology will be described in greater detail throughout this document but in summary it consists of pressurizing a test article (valve, regulator, etc.) with gaseous oxygen within 15 to 20 milliseconds (ms). Because the driven gas1 and the driving gas2 are rapidly compressed to the final test pressure at the inlet of the test article, they are rapidly heated by the sudden increase in pressure to sufficient temperatures (thermal energies) to sometimes result in ignition of the nonmetallic materials (seals and seats) used within the test article. In general, the more rapid the compression process the more "adiabatic" the pressure surge is presumed to be and the more like an isentropic process the pressure surge has been argued to simulate. Generally speaking, adiabatic compression is widely considered the most efficient ignition mechanism for directly kindling a nonmetallic material in gaseous oxygen and has been implicated in many fire investigations. Because of the ease of ignition of many nonmetallic materials by this heating mechanism, many industry standards prescribe this testing. However, the results between various laboratories conducting the testing have not always been consistent. Research into the test method indicated that the thermal profile achieved (i.e., temperature/time history of the gas) during adiabatic compression testing as required by the prevailing industry standards has not been fully modeled or empirically verified, although attempts have been made. This research evaluated the following questions: 1) Can the rapid compression process required by the industry standards be thermodynamically and fluid dynamically modeled so that predictions of the thermal profiles be made, 2) Can the thermal profiles produced by the rapid compression process be measured in order to validate the thermodynamic and fluid dynamic models; and, estimate the severity of the test, and, 3) Can controlling parameters be recommended so that new guidelines may be established for the industry standards to resolve inconsistencies between various test laboratories conducting tests according to the present standards?
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Westblom, Jesper. "Slakthusgatan 1 : Bad i hundraårig industrihall." Thesis, KTH, Arkitektur, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-67301.
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Anger, Moris. "Expressão de proteínas da apoptose em melanoma cutâneo primário." Universidade de São Paulo, 2009. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5158/tde-15042009-162410/.
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Melanoma cutâneo ainda constitui a principal causa de morte por câncer de pele nos países desenvolvidos. A variabilidade do comportamento clínico dessa neoplasia tem sido apenas parcialmente explicada pelos aspectos clínicos e histológicos, e a identificação de variáveis biológicas pode vir a ser importante na determinação de grupos de risco específicos. Foram estudados 69 pacientes com melanoma cutâneo primário de diversos graus de gravidade, tratados entre 1990 e 2007, com o intuito de verificar aspectos clínicos e epidemiológicos, preparar Tissue microarray (TMA) para estudo dos melanomas cutâneos primários com espessura maior que 1,0 mm, avaliar por análise imuno-histoquímica a expressão das proteínas da apoptose celular Bcl2, Bax, Bak, Apaf-1, Caspase 3, Caspase 9, Caspase 8, FasL e Fas em nevos-controle e em melanomas primários com espessuras menores e maiores que 1mm, e correlacionar a expressão dessas proteínas da apoptose com a evolução de melanomas cutâneos primários. Os resultados ratificaram tanto dados epidemiológicos já publicados em relação a sexo, idade e local da lesão, quanto a correlação entre a evolução da doença e os índices de Breslow. A análise dos escores compostos relativos à expressão das proteínas da apoptose revelou que o perfil imuno-histoquímico dessas proteínas parece não ter significado prognóstico, uma vez que não houve diferenças de expressão entre pacientes com e sem doença disseminada. Não foram encontradas alterações na expressão das proteínas da apoptose estudadas que pudessem sugerir o seu envolvimento tanto na gênese quanto na progressão de melanoma primário. O perfil imuno-histoquímico com tendência pró-apoptótica parece indicar que outros fatores seriam responsáveis pelo crescimento e disseminação da neoplasiaCutaneous melanoma still constitutes the main cause of skin cancer death in developed world. Clinical behavior variability of this neoplasia has been only partially explained by clinical and histological aspects, and identification of biological variables can be important for determining specific risk groups. Sixty nine (69) patients with mild to severe primary cutaneous melanoma treated in 1990-2007 were studied aiming at (a) verifying clinical epidemiological aspects, (b) generating a Tissue microarray (TMA) for characterizing proteins expression of cutaneous melanoma > 1.0 mm, (c) analyzing the immunohistochemical expression of the apoptosis proteins Bcl2, Bax, Bak, Apaf-1, Caspase 3, Caspase 9, Caspase 8, FasL e Fas in 10 control nevi and in primary melanomas with thickness 1mm, (d) and correlating these proteins expression with the disease prognosis. Results have ratified known epidemiological date on gender, age and lesion localization as well as the correlation between the disease prognosis and the Breslow\'s indexes. Analysis of the composite scores relating to apoptosis proteins has revealed that their immunohistochemical profile seems to be not significant for determining the disease prognosis, since no differences in proteins expression were found when compared patients with and without disease dissemination. Alterations in proteins expression suggesting their role in the genesis as well as in the prognosis of primary melanoma were not evidenced. Immunohistochemical profile with pro-apoptosis trend seems to indicate other factor as responsible for the neoplasia growth and dissemination
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Skeen, Victoria Rachel. "Investigating the functions of BAG-1 in colorectal tumorigenesis : implications of BAG-1-mediated suppression of TGF-B1 production." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.535479.
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Rockvam, Margaux. "Caractérisation de microstructures de joints brasés avec les alliages BCu-1, BAg-13a, BAu-4, BAu-6, BNi-1a, BNi-2, BNi-3 et Palnicro 36M ayant pour métal de base un superalliage base nickel." Mémoire, École de technologie supérieure, 2011. http://espace.etsmtl.ca/911/1/ROKVAM_Margaux.pdf.
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Cette étude avait pour but de caractériser les microstructures de joints brasés ayant pour
métal de base de l’Inconel 625. Les brasures employées sont toutes utilisées en production
chez Pratt & Whitney Canada et sont au nombre de huit : BCu-1, BAg-13a, BAu-4, BAu-6,
Palnicro 36M, BNi-1a, BNi-2 et BNi-3. Une des contraintes importantes de cette étude a été
de rester le plus proche possible de ce qui se fait en production afin de mieux comprendre le
comportement des pièces de service par la suite.
Dans un premier temps, des essais de mouillage ont été réalisés dans le but de mieux
connaître les alliages de brasage étudiés, certains ayant un comportement totalement inconnu.
Les angles de mouillage et le diamètre d’étalement d’une goutte de brasure ont été relevés
pour différentes combinaisons des paramètres de four de brasage. Ceci a été fait pour toutes
les brasures. L’étude s’est poursuivie par une autre série d’essais destinés eux à l’observation
et à la compréhension de la microstructure des joints brasés. Pour cela, l’écartement entre les
deux plaquettes d’Inconel 625 variait entre 0 et 175 μm. De plus, deux temps de brasage ont
été choisis : 15 et 150 minutes, permettant ainsi de couvrir une vaste gamme de cas présents
dans le monde industriel. Pour caractériser ces microstructures, il a fallu identifier les phases
en présence, les quantifier et enfin essayer de les nommer et/ou de les catégoriser. Toutes les
analyses ont été faites grâce à des appareils sophistiqués comme le microscope électronique à
balayage à cathode chaude ou encore la microsonde atomique, dû à la présence de bore dans
certains alliages de brasage.
Les essais de mouillage ont permis de montrer que toutes les brasures possèdent un excellent
mouillage avec un écoulement contrôlable lors de brasage sous vide en atmosphère partielle.
Des valeurs de paramètres de four permettant d’optimiser le mouillage ont aussi été
déterminées. Les analyses de caractérisation et d’identification de la microstructure ont mis
en évidence une répartition du joint en différentes zones, souvent communes entres les
brasures. Les brasures d’une même famille possèdent une microstructure avec de nombreux
points communs d’un point de vue morphologique. Cependant, des spécificités sont propres à
chacune ce qui pourra faire une différence sur le comportement mécanique de la pièce. Les
brasures à base de nickel sont très complexes et forment des phases eutectiques binaires ou
ternaires au milieu de phases simples et de phases précipitées. Les alliages à base d’or
présentent une structure dite d’eutectique à très fines lamelles mais dont la répartition est
particulière. L’alliage BAg-13a est lui principalement constitué d’une phase eutectique en
« dentelle » et le BCu-1 montre simplement une solution solide de cuivre parsemée de petites
phases riches en chrome sur la ligne centrale du joint.
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Yang, Xiaolong. "Molecular cloning and characterization of human BAG-1." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape7/PQDD_0016/NQ47506.pdf.
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Cutress, Ramsey Ian. "BAG 1 expression and function in breast cancer." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.289513.
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Gagnon, Josée. "Étude des gènes Bax inhibitor-1 du peuplier." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2006. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/4726.
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La mort cellulaire programmée (MCP) est impliquée dans plusieurs processus biologiques. Un type de MCP très bien caractérisé est l'apoptose animale. Deux groupes d'acteurs importants de l'apoptose sont les caspases et les protéines de la famille BCL-2. Certains membres de la famille BCL-2 sont des facteurs anti-apoptotiques, tel BCL-2, alors que d'autres sont pro-apoptotiques, tel BAX. Un régulateur empêchant l'action proapoptotique de BAX a été identifié, soit la protéine Bax inhibitor (BI). Cette protéine transmembranaire est très conservée chez plusieurs espèces animales et végétales. En fait, on connaît peu de choses sur la MCP chez les végétaux. Aucune caspase ni protéine de la famille BCL-2, incluant BAX, n'a été identifiée. Toutefois, des gènes codant pour la protéine BI ont été trouvés chez plusieurs espèces végétales. Récemment, la protéine BI végétale a été décrite comme ayant un rôle de modulateur de la MCP. Le peuplier a été choisi ici comme modèle pour étudier la MCP chez les végétaux. Le peuplier est un nouveau système utilisé en biologie moléculaire et ce, pour plusieurs raisons. Le peuplier a un génome modeste pour une espèce ligneuse et son génome est maintenant séquencé et assemblé. On peut également le transformer génétiquement via Agrobacterium.La caractérisation de la MCP a été réalisée dans des suspensions cellulaires de peuplier hybride qui ont été traitées avec des inducteurs activant la MCP chez d'autres végétaux, soit le chitosane, le peroxyde d'hydrogène (H[indice inférieur 2]O[indice inférieur 2]) et la thaxtomine A. Cette étude a permis d'isoler deux gènes codant pour BI chez le peuplier, PtBI-1-1 et PtBI-1-2, dont l'expression augmente significativement dans les suspensions cellulaires induites au chitosane et au H[indice inférieur 2]O[indice inférieur 2]. Les séquences prédites en acides aminés pour PtBI-1-1 et PtBI-1-2 présentent une forte homologie entre elles et avec la séquence de BI-1 de la plante modèle Arabidopsis thaliana. L'expression des deux gènes PtBI-1 du peuplier a également été évaluée dans neuf différents organes de peuplier. Une expression des deux gènes PtBI-1 a été observée dans tous les organes étudiés, indiquant que leur expression n'est pas organe-spécifique. Enfin, un système de levure exprimant la protéine BAX animale a permis de montrer que la protéine PtBI-1-2 du peuplier a conservé sa fonction anti-apoptotique en inhibant l'action de BAX. Ces résultats concordent avec le rôle de modulateur de la MCP pour la protéine BI-1-2 du peuplier.
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Gagnon, Josée. "Étude des gènes Bax inhibitor-1 du peuplier." [S.l. : s.n.], 2006.
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Ferreira, Paula Irusta. "Estudo de respostas fibróticas e apoptóticas em rins de ratos tratados com aldosterona." Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/74/74135/tde-16032017-103812/.
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Procurando compreender o envolvimento da aldosterona (Aldo) na injúria renal, o objetivo deste projeto foi avaliar o efeito do tratamento crônico com Aldo sobre a função renal e a histologia das arteríolas renais, procurando correlacionar os achados com a expressão de genes reguladores do processo de fibrose e apoptose. A Aldo não alterou os parâmetros fisiológicos, PA, ritmo de filtração glomerular (estimado pela depuração plasmática de creatinina), proteinúria e a morfologia das arteríolas corticais. No entanto, aumentou a expressão do RNAm para TGF-β1, PAI-1 e BAX no tecido renal, além da contagem de células TUNEL positivas nos glomérulos. O antagonismo ao receptor MR (pelo uso da espironolactona) aboliu o efeito hormonal somente sobre a expressão do RNAm para BAX e a marcação do DNA degradado (TUNEL), enquanto que o antagonismo ao GR (pelo uso do RU 486) reduziu ou aboliu todos os efeitos da Aldo. Os resultados indicam que a Aldo pode induzir respostas precoces sobre o remodelamento do tecido renal, sem ainda comprometer a função renal ou alterar a PA. Essas respostas foram independentes da sobrecarga de sal e ocorreram por um mecanismo que envolveu os receptores MR e GR.In order to understand the aldosterone (Aldo) involvement in renal injury, the objective of this project was to evaluate the effect of Aldo chronic treatment on renal function and renal arterioles histology, trying to correlate the findings with the regulatory genes of fibrosis and apoptosis. Aldo did not change the physiological parameters, BP, glomerular filtration rate (estimated by creatinina clearance), proteinuria and cortical arterioles morphology. However, Aldo increased mRNA expression for TGF-β1, PAI-1 and BAX in renal tissue, as well as TUNEL-positive cell count in glomeruli. MR receptor antagonism (by spironolactone) abolished only the hormonal effect on the mRNA expression for BAX and degraded DNA labeling (TUNEL); whereas GR antagonism (by RU 486) reduced or abolished all Aldo effects. The results indicated that Aldo can induce early responses on renal tissue remodeling, without altering renal function or BP. These responses were salt independent and involved MR and GR receptors.
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Yang, Ling. "Bcl-2-associated athanogene-1 (BAG-1) Modulates the Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Response in Chondrocytes." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1175103480.
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Gallegos, María Isabel, and Osiris Melo. "Técnicas de Servicio y Bar (HO24), ciclo 2013-1." Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas - UPC, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/271337.
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Separata del curso Técnicas de Servicio y Bar (HO24), que corresponde al ciclo 2013-1. El documento desarrolla las técnicas y procesos de atención en bar y restaurante, mostrando los protocolos de servicio clásicos, las técnicas más usadas en bar y cocktelería, y la importancia del trato profesional en el servicio al cliente.
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Woods, Nicholas Taylor. "Regulation of bax activation and apoptosis by src and acetylated mutant p53." [Tampa, Fla] : University of South Florida, 2008. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0002641.
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Nayak, Soumya Sambit. "Continuum Analytical Shape Sensitivity Analysis of 1-D Elastic Bar." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/101764.
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In this thesis, a continuum sensitivity analysis method is presented for calculation of shape sensitivities of an elastic bar. The governing differential equations and boundary conditions for the elastic bar are differentiated with respect to the shape design parameter to derive the continuum sensitivity equations. The continuum sensitivity equations are linear ordinary differential equations in terms of local or material shape design derivatives, otherwise known as shape sensitivities. One of the novelties of this work is the derivation of three variational formulations for obtaining shape sensitivities, one in terms of the local sensitivity and two in terms of the material sensitivity. These derivations involve evaluating (a) the variational form of the continuum sensitivity equations, or (b) the sensitivity of the variational form of the analysis equations. We demonstrate their implementation for various combinations of design velocity and global basis functions. These variational formulations are further solved using finite element analysis. The order of convergence of each variational formulation is determined by comparing the sensitivity solutions with the exact solutions for analytical test cases. This research focusses on 1-D structural equations. In future work, the three variational formulations can be derived for 2-D and 3-D structural and fluid domains.Master of Science
When solving an optimization problem, the extreme value of the performance metric of interest is calculated by tuning the values of the design variables. Some optimization problems involve shape change as one of the design variables. Change in shape leads to change in the boundary locations. This leads to a change in the domain definition and the boundary conditions. We consider a 1-D structural element, an elastic bar, for this study. Subsequently, we demonstrate a method for calculating the sensitivity of solution (e.g. displacement at a point) to change in the shape (length for 1-D case) of the elastic bar. These sensitivities, known as shape sensitivities, are critical for design optimization problems. We make use of continuum analytical shape sensitivity analysis to derive three variational formulations to compute these shape sensitivities. The accuracy and convergence of solutions is verified using a finite element analysis code. In future, the approach can be extended to multi-dimensional structural and fluid domain problems.
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Coldwell, Mark J. "Identification and functional analysis of internal ribosome entry segments in Apaf-1 and BAG-1 mRNAs." Thesis, University of Leicester, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/29645.
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The apoptotic protease activating factor (Apaf-1) plays a central role in apoptosis: interaction of this protein with procaspase-9 leads to cleavage and activation of this initiator caspase. In common with other mRNAs whose protein products have a major regulatory function, the 5' untranslated region (UTR) of Apaf-1 is long, G-C rich and has the potential to form secondary structure. An internal ribosome entry segment (IRES) was identified in the 5' UTR of Apaf-1, located in a 233 nucleotide region towards the 3' end of the leader. The Apaf-1 IRES is active in several cell lines, although to differing degrees, which suggests an important requirement for non-canonical trans-acting factors in internal ribosome entry. BAG-1 (also known as RAP46/HAP46) was originally identified as a 46 kDa protein that bound to and enhanced the anti-apoptotic properties of Bcl-2. BAG-1 exists as three major isoforms (designated p50, p46 or BAG-1L, BAG-1M and BAG-1S respectively) that are translated from a common transcript. The 5' untranslated region upstream of the p36 open reading frame (ORF) is also long and G-C rich and analysis of this region indicated that the translation initiation of the most highly expressed isoform (p36/BAG-1S) can occur by both internal ribosome entry and by cap-dependent scanning. The BAG-1 IRES also exhibits different activity in several cell lines, but this does not correlate with the changes in BAG-1 isoform expression observed in transformed cells. Functional analysis of the Apaf-1 and BAG-1 IRESs shows that they are active during the early stages of apoptosis induced by TNF-related apoptosis inducing ligand (TRAIL).
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Abdel-Magied, Midhat. "Bar fractures in induction machines." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/37911.
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Wood, Jemma Claire. "The function of Bag-1 proteins in epidermal squamous cell carcinoma." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.550326.
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The incidence of epidermal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) has increased significantly over recent years, largely due to increased exposure to its major aetiological factor, UVB radiation. Despite its increasing prevalence, relatively little is known regarding the genetic changes involved in SCC development. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential involvement of the anti-apoptotic protein BcI-2-associated athanogene-l (Bag-i), which shows deregulated expression in a range of human tumours, in epidermal SCC development, in addition to investigating a potential functional role for Bag-l in the epidermal response to UVB radiation. Expression of Bag-l and its key interaction partner Hsp70, which is associated with Bag-l anti- apoptotic function, was investigated in a panel of 60 epidermal SCCs and 10 samples of normal epidermal epithelium. Bag-l expression was deregulated in a subset of tumours compared with normal epidermis, with high Bag-l protein levels associated with reduced tumour differentiation. A positive correlation was observed between cytoplasmic expression of Bag-l and Hsp70, with strong Hsp70 staining also correlating with reduced tumour differentiation. In an attempt to investigate potential functional consequences of elevated Bag-l expression in epidermal tumours, the role of Bag-l in the keratinocyte response to UVB was investigated using the non-tumorigenic, spontaneously immortalised HaCaT cell line as a model system. siRNA-mediated Bag-l knockdown sensitised HaCaT cells to UVB-induced apoptosis, implicating an anti-apoptotic role for Bag-l in this context. The anti-apoptotic function of Bag-l was found to involve the Bag-iS protein isoform, using' stablv-Bag-LS transfected clones of the HaCaT cell line, in addition to transient overexpression of Bag-iS using an adenoviral vector. Bag-l anti- apoptotic function was dependent on amino acid residues required for Hsp70 and Raf-l binding. In HaCaT cells, UVB-irradiation resulted in downregulation of anti-apoptotic McI-l 2 to 8 hours post-irradiation. Levels of the BH3-only pro-apoptotic proteins Bim and Noxa were elevated at 24 hours and 6 to 24 hours post-irradiation, respectively. Overexpression of Bag-iS attenuated UVB-induced McI-l protein reduction, highlighting a potential role for Bag-l in control of McI-l levels. Further to this, a pilot study of 8 samples of normal epidermal epithelium and 14 SCCs highlighted potential overexpression of McI-l in epidermal tumours compared with normal epidermis. The results presented in this thesis demonstrate that expression of Bag-l and Hsp70 is deregulated in epidermal SCC, implicating the Bag-l:Hsp70 axis as a potential novel therapeutic target. Elevated Bag-l expression in epidermal SCC may be associated with its role in protection against apoptosis induced by UVB irradiation in epidermal keratinocytes. Bag-l anti-apoptotic function in this context appears to be mediated, at least in part, via control of levels ofthe anti-apoptotic protein McI-1. Further to its role in protection against UVB-induced apoptosis, an anti-apoptotic role for Bag-l was identified in the response to the chemotherapeutic drug 5-fluorouracil in the SCC-13 epidermal SCC cell line. Levels of Bag-l in epidermal SCC may therefore affect the tumour response to chemotherapeutic agents.
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Glanville, Julie M. "Cytotoxic T-cells in HIV-1 : "the good" and "the bad"." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2012. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:5426d2c2-5a59-47da-a615-105aa2a6e9e8.
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CD8+ T-cell antigen sensitivity is critical for optimal control of persistent viral infections, including HIV-1. The devastating HIV-1 pandemic may be countered by development of a cytotoxic T lymphocyte based vaccine if qualities associated with protection can be defined at the molecular level. However, the heterogeneity of the total viral-specific CTL response confounds identification of protective correlates and T-cell sensitivity is no exception and remains controversial. To address this issue we reduced the heterogeneity of the HIV-1 CTL response to single units, generating 19 CTL clones that recognise the same HIV-1 derived epitope restricted by HLA B*08. Correlation of functional assays directly with the ability of each clone to control HIV-1 replication in vitro, the “viral suppression assay,” identified antigen sensitivity as a key quality for anti-viral efficacy. Remarkably, four clones from this panel, isolated from one individual, a long-term non-progressor, all used an identical TCR yet had distinct antigen sensitivity and suppressive activity. Two of these clones were characterised in detail, and had distinct cytokine profiles, regulated by epigenetic mechanisms, and differential expression of a group of cell surface receptors with the potential to modulate the signalling threshold to antigen. Expression of the TNFα locus of the high sensitivity clone with “Good” suppression was repressed by DNA methylation. Understanding how CTL qualities required for optimal control of HIV-1 replication differentiate and are then enriched in the total CTL response, and if repression of TNFα contributes to this process, will contribute to rational vaccine design. This is the first evidence that avidity maturation in CD8+ T cells with the same TCR affinity occurs in viral infections in humans as reported in the mouse. This suggests the induction of high sensitivity CTL will be critical for an effective HIV-1 vaccine, but offers hope that this can be achieved even in individuals without protective HLA alleles, by further exploration of peripheral avidity maturation and epigenetic regulation of the HIV-1 specific CD8+ T-cell response.
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Fox, Helen Mary. "Toca-1 driven actin polymerisation at membranes." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2018. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/275610.
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Regulation of the actin cytoskeleton is key to cellular function and underlies processes including cell migration, mitosis and endocytosis. Motile cells send out dynamic actin protrusions that enable them to sense and interact with their environment, as well as generating physical forces. Linking of the actin cytoskeleton to the cell membrane is essential for the formation of these protrusions. The proteins that are thought to fulfil such a role have a membrane interacting domain (such as the PH domain in lamellipodin, or I-BAR protein in IRSp53) and a domain which interacts with actin regulatory proteins (such as the SH3 domain of IRSp53, which binds Ena and VASP). I investigated the contribution of the F-BAR protein Toca-1 in linking actin polymerisation to membranes, by characterising a new protein-protein interaction and the interaction of Toca-1 with giant unilamellar vesicles. FBP17, a homologue of Toca-1, can oligomerise to form 2D flat lattices and 3D tubules on membranes. Proteins of the Toca-1 family have previously been implicated in actin polymerisation in cell-free systems and during endocytosis. However, there is emerging evidence that Toca-1 family proteins could also be involved in the formation of outward facing protrusions, lamellipodia and filopodia. In an in vitro system that recapitulates the formation of filopodia-like structures (FLS) on supported lipid bilayers, Toca-1 is recruited early, suggesting a Toca-1 scaffolding mechanism could precede the recruitment of other actin regulators. One prediction of this model is that Toca-1 would bind proteins previously implicated in filopodia formation, such as formins. I found that extracts depleted of Toca-1 binding partners no longer forms filopodia-like structures and subsequently optimised pull-down assays to identify Toca-1 binding partners by mass-spectrometry. I identified four formins, Diaph1, Diaph3, FHOD1 and INF2, and as well as the actin elongation factors and filopodia proteins, Ena and VASP. I further characterised these interactions and found that Toca-1 binds Ena and VASP via its SH3 domain. The interaction is direct and is strongly reduced if the proline-rich region in Ena is deleted. VASP was still able to bind without its proline rich region, suggesting there could be additional binding sites. I discovered that the binding of Ena and VASP was dependent on the clustering state of Toca-1, whilst the binding of the previously identified Toca-1 binding partner N-WASP was not. This further supports the importance of Toca-1 oligomerisation in actin polymerisation. I tested these interactions in the FLS system and found that increasing Toca-1 concentration leads to increased recruitment of N-WASP, as well as the novel binding partner Ena to the structures, whereas an increase in VASP was not observed. SH3-domain mediated interactions are required for Toca-1 recruitment to FLS, suggesting that its membrane and protein binding activities act cooperatively. I showed that unlike N-WASP, which promotes the formation of branched actin, Ena and VASP are not required for actin polymerisation on supported lipid bilayers, suggesting that they are redundant with other factors in the elongation step of FLS formation. Ena and VASP are known to be important for the formation of neuronal filopodia and so I began to further test the role of these interactions in a cellular context using a neuronal cell culture system. As well as recruiting protein binding partners, F-BAR family proteins are implicated in stabilising lipid microdomains and can induce the clustering of phosphoinositides. I investigated the role of Toca-1 in actin polymerisation on PI(4,5)P2-rich giant unilamellar vesicles (GUVs). Actin-rich tails formed on the GUVs only when excess Toca-1 was supplemented into the extracts, and I propose that this is due to lipid organisation by Toca-1. In summary, my work suggests a model in which Toca-1 clusters, stabilises the membrane lipids and recruits regulators of actin polymerisation, such as Ena. This mechanism could be used to link actin polymerisation to the membrane in cellular protrusions, such as filopodia.
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Lim, Bao Tung Michelle. "Performing morality : a framework for assessing the moral significance of selected works of postdramatic performance." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2014. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/76539/1/Bao%20Tung%20Michelle_Lim_Thesis.pdf.
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This study examines the relationship between aesthetic and moral dimensions of postdramatic performance (PdP) with specific reference to two case studies: The Power of Theatrical Madness (1984) by Jan Fabre; and Inferno (2008) by Romeo Castellucci. These two cases were selected based on Lehmann's (1999/2006) "Postdramatic Theatre" theoretical framework by identifying various aspects of PdP: text, space, time, body and media. There are three primary objectives in this research project: (1) to examine if the selected works of PdP have moral functions; (2) identify these moral functions; and (3) establish a suitable framework to examine and assess the moral significance of the selected works.
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Page, Charlotte Anne Margaret. "Consequences of BAG-1 isoform over-expression on keratinocyte motility and stratification." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.441319.
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Pagé, Viviane. "Évaluation du rôle de la protéine BAG-1 dans le cancer ovarien." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2003. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/3354.
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La protéine BAG-1 est une protéine multifonctionnelle qui interagit avec de nombreuses protéines incluant la protéine anti-apoptotique Bcl-2, les protéines heat shock et les récepteurs de facteurs de croissance HGF-R et PDGF-R. La surexpression des protéines BAG-1 et Bcl-2 permet une augmentation du potentiel anti-apoptotique de Bcl-2. Quatre isoformes de la protéine humaine BAG-1 sont issus de la traduction alternative d'un ARNm. Ces quatre isoformes possèdent un domaine commun en C-terminal nommé"domaine BAG". Ce domaine serait le site de liaison de protéines impliquées dans la régulation des mécanismes de l'apoptose tel que Bcl-2, Hsc/Hsp70 et le récepteur androgénique. La présente étude vise à évaluer l'implication de la protéine BAG-1 dans la pathogénèse du cancer ovarien. Pour ce faire, deux approches ont été utilisées soit, dans un premier temps, l'inhibition fonctionnelle de la protéine (par un scFv anti-BAG-1) ou de l'expression de l'ARNm (par un siRNA) et, dans un deuxième temps, la surexpression exogène de la protéine (gain de fonction)."--Résumé abrégé par UMI.
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Chaîné, Marie-Andrée. "Étude de l'expression d'AtBI-1 lors de la mort cellulaire programmée causée par les UV-C." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2011. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/4908.
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Chez les végétaux, la mort cellulaire programmée (MCP) permet d'assurer le développement optimal de la plante et de protéger l'organisme contre différents stress biotiques et abiotiques. Peu d'effecteurs de la MCP végétale sont connus et caractérisés. L'objectif de ce projet de maîtrise était donc d'améliorer nos connaissances sur l'un de ces effecteurs : la protéine anti-apoptotique Bax inhibitor-1 (BI-1). Chez les plantes, BI-1 possède un rôle de protection contre la MCP induite par différents stress et ce projet s'est intéressé à la caractérisation de ce rôle pour trois agents stressants. L'utilisation de différents mutants nuls et surexpresseurs d'AtBI-1 chez la plante modèle Arabidopsis thaliana pour des tests de germination et l'extraction de la chlorophylle a permis la démonstration d'un rôle de protection d'AtBI-1 contre la MCP induite par les UV-C et le méthyl viologène puisque son absence augmente la sensibilité des plantules. Par contre, dans les conditions utilisées, AtBI-1 ne semble pas jouer de rôle de protection contre une MCP induite par les cytokinines. La suite du projet s'est concentrée sur la régulation du gène AtBI-1 suite à une irradiation aux UV-C. Une région régulatrice spécifique aux UV-C a pu être identifiée grâce à une série de constructions comprenant la région régulatrice d'AtBI-1 coupée à différents sites de restriction et couplée au gène rapporteur GUS. Cette région régulatrice est probablement impliquée dans la régulation négative du gène puisque sa délétion entraîne une forte augmentation de l'expression basale d'AtBI-1. Enfin, une analyse bio-informatique de cette région régulatrice spécifique aux UV-C a permis l'identification de plusieurs motifs et sites de liaison pouvant potentiellement être impliqués dans la régulation d'AtBI-1 par les UV-C. De plus, des essais de gel à retardement sur cette région régulatrice montrent qu'elle est liée par un facteur nucléaire en conditions normales et qu'il y a perte de cette liaison suite à un traitement aux UV-C. L'identification de ce facteur nucléaire permettra de déterminer son implication dans la régulation d' AtBI-1 par les UV-C.
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Ping, Alistair C. "Why good people do bad things in business." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2017. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/114002/1/Alistair_Ping_Thesis.pdf.
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In this thesis inter-disciplinary research from the fields of business ethics, moral philosophy, criminology, social psychology and neuro-cognitive science are synthesised to develop a causal factor model which explains why good people do bad things in business. The model was tested by interviewing senior executives involved in corporate crimes and the results have significant implications for ethics education and training.
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Pickering, Becky M. "Structural, functional and mechanistic analysis of the Bag-1 internal ribosome entry site." Thesis, University of Leicester, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/29686.
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Bag-1 is an anti-apoptotic protein involved in the regulation of a number of cellular processes, notably as a co-chaperone for the 70kDa heat shock proteins. At least four protein products of Bag-1 have been isolated, p50, p46, p36 and a minor isoform, p29. The 5' UTR of the p36 isoform of Bag-1 has been shown to contain an internal ribosome entry segment (IRES). The internal ribosome entry mediated mechanism of translation has been shown to maintain Bag-1 expression when cap- dependent translation is compromised during heat shock. Many IRESes require trans-acting protein factors for optimal IRES activity. Bag-1 IRES activity is cell-type specific and is inefficient in cell lines with low endogenous levels of the /r < ms-acting factors poly (rC) binding protein 1 (PCBP1) and polypyrimidine tract binding protein 1 (PTB1). Activity of the Bag-1 IRES can be stimulated in vitro and in vivo by overexpression of PTB and PCBP1. PTB and PCBP1 bind specifically to the minimal active Bag-1 IRES element. A secondary structural model of the minimal Bag-1 IRES was obtained by chemical and enzymatic probing of IRES RNA in vitro. Addition of PTB and PCBP1 modulates the secondary structure of the Bag-1 IRES in the ribosome-landing region. Overexpression of Bag-1 proteins in cells subjected to genotoxic stress has been shown to protect cells from stress-induced growth inhibition and cell death. The Bag-1 IRES is functional in heat-shocked cells and cells treated with chemotherapeutic agents and this correlates with a redistribution of PTB and PCBP1 from the nucleus of the cell to the cytoplasm. A model for the mechanism of action of the Bag-1 IRES and the influence of PTB and PCBP1 is proposed.
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Witcher, Michael. "Interaction of the anti-apoptotic protein BAG-1 with the vitamin D receptor." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape7/PQDD_0010/MQ52698.pdf.
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Brunn, Jonathan. "Investigation of Possible Novel Peptide Inhibitors to BAG-1 Based On Peptidyl-Biomimetics." VCU Scholars Compass, 2012. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/2942.
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In this Master’s Thesis Research the results can be summarized from two major tasks: (1) In our first task, we utilized our two protein system (BAG-1 and HSP 70) as part of beta testing of a computational software 1 that can take three dimensional x-ray crystallography information about protein complexes and predict the strength of atom –atom interactions between amino-acid residues Open Contact predicts binding hotspots that can be used to identify short amino acid chains or peptides that mimic that particular binding segment of the larger protein. These peptides are called pepidyl-biomimetics. The peptide can potentially act as an antagonist drug by binding to the hotspot on protein A before protein B of the A-B complex can form. Two potential peptide candidates were identified. In particular, a helical peptide was discovered that demonstrated a variety of different types of atom-atom interactions. (2) Our second task is to experimentally test the helical peptide for its ability to block the binding that occurs between the 70-kilodalton Heat Shock Protein (HSP-70) and the Bcl-2 Associated Athanogene (BAG-1) Protein. As reviewed here, the binding between HSP-70 and BAG-1 elicits a cascade of cellular events that maintain high cancer growth rates and a greatly increased resistance to chemotherapy. In addition, BAG-1 has been implicated in a number of onco-signal pathways, as reviewed here, and its inhibition alone is believed to act as an agent against cancer cell growth
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Mouchel, Myckael. "Développement de jonctions tunnel magnétiques bas bruit pour les capteurs de champ magnétique." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017GREAY104.
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Les capteurs de champ magnétique à base de jonctions tunnel magnétiques sont parmi les solutions les plus prometteuses dans le cadre de la miniaturisation toujours plus poussée des composants. Crocus Technology, entreprise partenaire de cette thèse, conçoit depuis plusieurs années des capteurs parmi les plus petits du marché. Malgré leur très bonne sensibilité, ils présentent un bruit en 1/f très important dégradant fortement leur capacité à détecter des champs magnétiques de faible amplitude. Les travaux de cette thèse s’inscrivent dans un contexte de réduction du bruit et d’amélioration de la détection de ces capteurs. Des études approfondies du bruit dans les capteurs commerciaux de Crocus ont été conduites afin de bâtir une bonne compréhension des mécanismes à l’origine de ce bruit. Ces études ont été menées grâce à un banc d’expérience spécifiquement destiné à la réalisation de mesures de bruit conjointement à une caractérisation magnéto-électrique des échantillons. Ainsi, nous avons pu relier le bruit mesuré au comportement des capteurs sous différentes conditions de champ magnétique en développant un modèle explicatif sur la base de « l’empreinte des propriétés magnétiques des échantillons sur leur bruit ». Cette thèse s’est achevée par un projet 6-sigma piloté par l’auteur et ayant permis de mettre en place les solutions nécessaires à la réalisation d’un objectif ambitieux de réduction du bruit. La détectivité a ainsi pu être améliorée de presque deux ordres de grandeur et ainsi atteindre les 13 nT/√Hz à 10 Hz en l’espace de quelques mois, sans dégrader l’intégrabilité des capteurs et en respectant des contraintes industriellesMagnetic tunnel junctions based magnetic field sensors are one of the most promising solutions in the framework of electronic components miniaturization. Crocus Technology, the industrial stakeholder of this thesis, has been designing some of the market smallest TMR sensors for several years. Despite their good sensitivity, they exhibit a large 1/f noise, deteriorating their capability to detect low magnetic fields. This thesis falls within a context of noise reduction and detection improvement of the sensors. In-depth noise studies of existing sensors have been performed in order to better apprehend the origins of such noise. These studies have been carried out thanks to a specifically designed experimental bench allowing simultaneous noise and magneto-electrical characterizations of the devices. Thereby, we have been able to link the observed noise to the response of the sensors under specific magnetic field conditions by developing an illustrative model based on “magnetic-to-noise fingerprint of the sensors”. This thesis was further completed by a 6-sigma project, led by the author, which allowed us to implement the needful solutions to answer an ambitious objective of noise reduction. The detectivity has been improved by nearly two orders of magnitude, thus reaching 13 nT/√Hz at 10 Hz in a few months, without deteriorating the integrability of the sensors while satisfying industrial constraints
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Dzabic, Miran. "Water Circulation And Yacht Carrying Capacity Of Fethiye Bay." Master's thesis, METU, 2012. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12614948/index.pdf.
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Coastal regions provide a lot of resources and benefits for all the humankind. For economic growth, these resources are needed. On the other hand, coastal resources should be maintained and preserved in some limits. Sustainable development is aimed to set a balance between economic growth and preserving the nature. Determination of the yacht carrying capacity is a major step for sustainable development.
In this thesis study wind-induced water circulation in semi-enclosed basins are carried out in order to reach the yacht carrying capacity for Fethiye Bay. Hydrodynamics of bays is very complex, mainly affected by wind and wave climate and sea bottom topography. The sea bed profiles at the bay changes under winter and summer storms of different speeds and directions. This case study will be carried out with the developed methodology. The present structure of Fethiye Bay will be analyzed and necessary measurements will be proceeded. Moreover, two more cases will be studied besides the present conditions. Circulation models will be applied to
the study case according to reached data. For this purpose, Finite Volume Coastal Ocean Model (FVCOM) numerical model will be used.
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Combes, Alexis. "Caractérisation du rôle de BAD-LAMP comme chaperonne des "Toll like receptors" au sein des cellules dendritiques plasmacytoïdes humaines." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016AIXM4057.
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Les cellules dendritiques plasmacytoïdes humaines (pDCs) ont été montrées comme les principales cellules productrices d'interférons de type I (IFN) suivant une stimulation de leurs récepteurs TLRs intracellulaires. Après activation, les pDCs contrôlent la localisation subcellulaire de ces TLRs menant à une production séquentielle de cytokines. Une première vague d’IFN due la voie IRF dans les endosomes précoces, suivi de la production des cytokines pro-inflammatoires due à la voie NfκB dans les endosomes tardifs. BAD-LAMP/LAMP5, membre de la famille des protéines LAMP, spécifique du cerveau chez la souris est également exprimée par les pDCs humaines. Nous révélons ici le rôle de BAD-LAMP dans la régulation du transport de TLR9 dans les pDCs. Suite à une stimulation par CpG, BAD-LAMP et TLR9 atteignent des endosomes spécialisés dans la signalisation IRF VAMP3+. Le blocage de BAD-LAMP altère le transport intracellulaire de TLR9 par sa rétention dans les endosomes VAMP3+. Alors que l’expression ectopique de BAD-LAMP accélère le transport de TLR9 dans les lysosomes LAMP1+. La rétention dans les compartiments VAMP3+ impact directement la signalisation TLR9, en augmentant la production IFN et en diminuant celle du TNFα. De plus, nous avons démontré que BAD-LAMP est régulée négativement par l’IFN. A l’inverse, les pDCs traitées avec des surnageants tumoraux ainsi que les pDCs infiltrant les tumeurs mammaires présentent à la fois un défaut dans la production d'IFN et un maintien de l’expression de BAD-LAMP. BAD-LAMP est donc un régulateur essentiel du transport de TLR9 dans les pDCs humaines qui traduit l’efficacité de la signalisation TLR9 dans des conditions pathologiquesHuman plasmacytoïd dendritic cells (pDCs) have been shown to be the principal producer of type-I interferons (IFNs) following intracellular TLRs stimulation. Upon activation, pDCs tightly control TLRs sub-cellular localization in specialized endosomes, leading to sequential programs of cytokines production: a first rapid wave of type-I IFN, due to IRF signalling from early endosomes, followed by pro-inflammatory cytokines production, dependent on NfκB signalling from late endosomal compartments. BAD-LAMP/LAMP5, an atypical member of the LAMP protein family, is brain specific in mice. In Human, BAD-LAMP is also expressed in pDCs. We reveal here a novel step of TLR regulation mediated by BAD-LAMP, that controls TLR9 access to, and signalling from, specialized subsets of endosomes in human pDCs. Upon CpG stimulation, BAD-LAMP and TLR9 follow a common endocytic sorting step, in order to reach early, IRF-signalling, VAMP3+ endosomes. BAD-LAMP silencing alters TLR9 traffic and promotes its retention in VAMP3+ endosomes, while ectopic BAD-LAMP expression triggers accelerated TLR9 transport to LAMP1+ lysosomes. Retention in VAMP3+ endosomes impacts directly on TLR9 signalling by increasing IFN production and decreasing TNFα. Importantly, we found that BAD-LAMP expression is down-regulated by IFN exposure. Conversely, pDCs treated with tumour supernatants or pDCs infiltrating human breast tumors, present both sustained BAD-LAMP expression, and defect in IFN production. BAD-LAMP is therefore an essential regulator of TLR9 transport in human pDCs and a marker of TLR9 signalling efficiency under pathological conditions
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Lehmkuhl-Dakhwe, K. Virginia. "Regulation of p53, p21, ARF, BIM, and BAX by the Transcription Factor Trip-Br1." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1194549826.
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Henriques, Mariana Nogueira. "IDENTIDADE FEMININA GAÚCHA: REPRESENTAÇÕES DE GÊNERO NOS PROGRAMAS REGIONAIS BAH!" Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2016. http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/6370.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível SuperiorThis research discusses which senses about the identity of the gaucha women are mobilized by RBS TV, from the special programs "Bah! A very gaucho program", Bah! I Am from the South" and "Bah! A very special fandango", shown on September 20th 2013 and 2014 and on September 19th 2015, respectively. The main objective is to analyze the ways in which the senses about the gaucha women are produced, which contribute to the construction and representation of this identity. The specific objectives are: to verify the production conditions that contribute to build this identity in the programs; recognize the elements used by RBS TV to represent the female characters of the program; identify the discourses used by RBS TV in Bah! for the representation of the gaucho identity, particularly the identity of the woman; and characterize the identity processes that update the representation of contemporary gaucho from the identity of the woman. For this purpose, by developing an own methodological model, from the perspective of the cultural studies, we conducted a cultural media analysis to observe our object through three main instances: television making, textual products and the context in which it appears. From the research we infer that the three main senses: concealment, objectification and masculinization form a stereotypical female identity. Also, we realize that the special programs follow the intention of perpetuating a hegemonic masculine identity transmitting a false idea of female empowerment, seeking to generate audience and recognition.
A presente pesquisa problematiza quais os sentidos sobre a identidade da mulher gaúcha são mobilizados pela RBS TV, a partir dos especiais Bah! Um programa muito gaúcho , Bah! Eu Sou do Sul e Bah! Um fandango muito especial , exibidos em 20 de setembro de 2013 e 2014 e 19 de setembro de 2015, respectivamente. O objetivo central é o de analisar os modos como são produzidos os sentidos sobre a mulher gaúcha, que contribuem para a construção e representação desta identidade. Como objetivos específicos temos: verificar as condições de produção que contribuem para a configuração desta identidade nos programas; reconhecer os elementos utilizados pela RBS TV para representar as personagens femininas do programa; identificar os discursos utilizados pela RBS TV, em Bah! para a representação da identidade gaúcha, em especial da identidade da mulher; e caracterizar os processos identitários que atualizam a representação do gaúcho contemporâneo a partir da identidade da mulher. Para isso, através da elaboração de um modelo metodológico próprio, com base na perspectiva dos estudos culturais, realizamos uma análise cultural-midiática para observar nosso objeto através de três grandes instâncias: o fazer televisivo, os produtos textuais e o contexto em que está inserido. Da pesquisa inferimos que os três principais sentidos: ocultamento, objetificação e masculinização formam uma identidade feminina estereotipada. Além disso, percebemos que os especiais atuam na intenção de perpetuar uma identidade hegemônica e masculina transmitindo uma falsa ideia de empoderamento feminino, na busca por gerar audiência e reconhecimento.
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Larsen, Genevieve Ruth. "Modelling hydrodynamic processes within Pumicestone Passage, Northern Moreton Bay, Queensland." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2007. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/16634/1/Genevieve_Larsen_Thesis.pdf.
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Estuaries can be considered as vital natural resources and are unique ecosystems at the interface between terrestrial and marine environments. The increase of population density centred on these coastal features and associated anthropogenic activities such as trade, industry, agriculture and recreation can adversely affect these sensitive environments.
The Pumicestone Passage, located in northern Moreton Bay, Australia, is one such estuarine environment where there are concerns about degradation of water quality resulting from rapid land use change. These changes are both immediate to the Passage and within its wider catchment. Of notable concern are the outbreaks of Lyngbya (a toxic blue-green algae) in the Passage itself and near its interface with Deception Bay to the south. Other factors of concern are increased suspended and dissolved loads, and maintenance of ecosystem integrity.
In this study, numerical modelling, graphical methods and water surface elevation and current velocity parameter calculations are used to describe hydrological processes in the Pumicestone Passage. A hydrodynamic model is developed using the modelling software SMS and RMA2 as a foundation for future hydrodynamic and water quality modelling. In addition, observed data are used to interpret general hydrodynamic behaviour in the passage, and determine various parameters for use in model development and calibration. Tidal prediction is also discussed and used for model calibration.
To support the modelling and for preliminary interpretation of hydrodynamic processes within the Passage, measurements were made in the field of (a) water surface elevation variation at 17 sites; (b) tidal current velocities in four of the tributary creeks and at the northern boundary; (c) volumetric flow rates at two cross-sections within the Passage; and (d) cross-sectional bathymetry at sites where tidal current velocities were measured in the creeks.
In general, examination of the observational data reveals a number of important processes in the Pumicestone Passage. Almost all sites within Pumicestone Passage and its tributaries are flood dominant indicating that tidal storage and bottom friction effects are significant. Mesotidal ranges occur at sites close to the southern boundary of the passage, however, bottom friction greatly reduces the tidal response at the remaining sites which results in microtidal ranges. The influence of both the southern and northern tides can be seen in the deformation of tidal waveforms in the central passage. Extensive intertidal areas at and inside the northern inlet to the Passage markedly reduce tidal ranges in the northern estuary and its tributary creeks.
Issues involved in hydrodynamic model development and performance are discussed. Overall, model results for the southern estuary have satisfactory correlation with observed data whereas model results for the northern estuary are less satisfactory. In addition, water surface elevation variation model results are generally more accurate than tidal current velocity model results. Reasons for the differences between model and observed values are considered and possible solutions given. Factors discussed relate to boundary condition locations, resolution of bathymetric and geographical data, mesh development methods and parameter assignment.
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Martinez, Sandrine. "Palaeoecology of the Mount Etna bat fauna, coastal Eastern Queensland." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2010. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/40979/1/Sandrine_Martinez_Thesis.pdf.
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Global warming is already threatening many animal and plant communities worldwide, however, the effect of climate change on bat populations is poorly known. Understanding the factors influencing the survival of bats is crucial to their conservation, and this cannot be achieved solely by modern ecological studies. Palaeoecological investigations provide a perspective over a much longer temporal scale, allowing the understanding of the dynamic patterns that shaped the distribution of modern taxa. In this study twelve microchiropteran fossil assemblages from Mount Etna, central-eastern Queensland, ranging in age from more than 500,000 years to the present day, were investigated. The aim was to assess the responses of insectivorous bats to Quaternary environmental changes, including climatic fluctuations and recent anthropogenic impacts. In particular, this investigation focussed on the effects of increasing late Pleistocene aridity, the subsequent retraction of rainforest habitat, and the impact of cave mining following European settlement at Mount Etna. A thorough examination of the dental morphology of all available extant Australian bat taxa was conducted in order to identify the fossil taxa prior to their analysis in term of species richness and composition. This detailed odontological work provided new diagnostic dental characters for eighteen species and one genus. It also provided additional useful dental characters for three species and seven genera. This odontological analysis allowed the identification of fifteen fossil bat taxa from the Mount Etna deposits, all being representatives of extant bats, and included ten taxa identified to the species level (i.e., Macroderma gigas, Hipposideros semoni, Rhinolophus megaphyllus, Miniopterus schreibersii, Miniopterus australis, Scoteanax rueppellii, Chalinolobus gouldii, Chalinolobus dwyeri, Chalinolobus nigrogriseus and Vespadelus troughtoni) and five taxa identified to the generic level (i.e., Mormopterus, Taphozous, Nyctophilus, Scotorepens and Vespadelus). Palaeoecological analysis of the fossil taxa revealed that, unlike the non-volant mammal taxa, bats have remained essentially stable in terms of species diversity and community membership between the mid-Pleistocene rainforest habitat and the mesic habitat that occurs today in the region. The single major exception is Hipposideros semoni, which went locally extinct at Mount Etna. Additionally, while intensive mining operations resulted in the abandonment of at least one cave that served as a maternity roost in the recent past, the diversity of the Mount Etna bat fauna has not declined since European colonisation. The overall resilience through time of the bat species discussed herein is perhaps due to their unique ecological, behavioural, and physiological characteristics as well as their ability to fly, which have allowed them to successfully adapt to their changing environment. This study highlights the importance of palaeoecological analyses as a tool to gain an understanding of how bats have responded to environmental change in the past and provides valuable information for the conservation of threatened modern species, such as H. semoni.
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Bach, Robert [Verfasser]. "Die Abwägung gemäß § 1 Abs. 7 BauGB nach Erlass des EAG Bau / Robert Bach." Frankfurt : Peter Lang GmbH, Internationaler Verlag der Wissenschaften, 2012. http://d-nb.info/1042422680/34.
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Clemo, Nadine Kathryn. "The role of the anti-apoptotic protein BAG-1 in colorectal tumour cell survival." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.441659.
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Dearing, Kathryn Margaret. "Low-calcium pyroxene-melt equilibria at 1 bar : an experimental study in natural systems." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/14762.
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Culshaw, Abigail. "Immunodominant CD8+ T cell responses to HIV-1 infection : 'the good and the bad'." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2011. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:ec9381fc-c732-4977-a33c-290b06e45def.
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Many lines of evidence indicate that CD8+ T cells are important in the control of HIV-1 infection and this has led to much vaccine research focused at eliciting virus specific CTL. However to date, the few large-scale trials of HIV-1 vaccines designed to elicit CD8+ T cells have produced disappointing results. This has highlighted our incomplete knowledge of the factors that determine if such cells are capable of viral control. The aim of this thesis is to further characterise qualitative aspects of HIV-1 specific CTL that are associated with both good and bad anti-viral activity. HIV-1 specific CTL responses were investigated in three ways. Firstly, by longitudinally analysing an immunodominant HLA-B*08 restricted CD8+ T cell response in a single rapid progression patient. Secondly, HLA-B*40 restricted CTL responses to HIV-1 where characterised within a Chinese slow progressor cohort. Lastly, factors that affect the processing and presentation of certain overlapping HIV-1 specific CD8+ T cell epitopes were examined. The results of these studies reveal that subtle variations in both host and viral proteins can have a substantial impact on virus specific CTL and in turn may impact on the outcome of disease. The generation of HIV-1 specific CD8+ T cells is a complex process affected by many variables including the viral sequence of epitope flanking regions as well as polymorphisms in the proteins involved in antigen processing and presentation. To add a further layer of complexity, it appears that HIV-1 virus specific CTL can modulate their functionality throughout the course of infection. Such factors should therefore be taken into account during HIV-1 vaccine design.
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Inamdar, Kaushik. "Role of I-BAR proteins and membrane curvature in HIV-1 assembly and release." Thesis, Montpellier, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020MONTT032.
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Lors de l'assemblage et du bourgeonnement du VIH, la membrane plasmique subit une courbure entraînée par l'auto-assemblage du VIH-1 Gag au site d'assemblage vers l'extérieur de la cellule. Cependant, la multimérisation de Gag peut ne pas être suffisante et Gag peut avoir besoin de recruter des facteurs cellulaires pour induire une courbure de membrane locale. Nous avons récemment rapporté que la libération de particules de VIH-1 Gag dépendait de l'activation de la voie de signalisation Rac1 / IRSp53 / Wave2 / Arp3 dans les cellules Jurkat T et les lymphocytes sanguins primaires. Ce complexe cellulaire, lorsqu'il est activé, est recruté dans la membrane plasmique cellulaire et favorise le recrutement de la ramification de l'actine, la polymérisation de l'actine et le remodelage de la membrane dans les lamellipodes. En particulier, la protéine IRSp53 contient un domaine I-BAR capable d'induire une courbure membranaire via la reconnaissance du phospholipide de membrane plasmique PI (4,5) P2. Ce phospholipide est également spécifiquement reconnu par le domaine Matrix N-terminal de Gag et est un cofacteur lipidique du ciblage de Gag vers la membrane plasmique et de l'assemblage du VIH-1. Ce projet de recherche visait à caractériser les mécanismes cellulaires et moléculaires de l'implication de l'IRSp53 dans l'assemblage du VIH-1 dans les cellules T CD4 et HEK293T. Nos résultats montrent que l'IRSp53 est associé à des particules virales et que son renversement par l'ARNsi diminue la libération du VIH-1 dans les lymphocytes T et les cellules T HEK293. La microscopie électronique des cellules renversées pour IRSp53 a révélé un phénotype frappant de bourgeons viraux arrêtés à un stade précoce de l'assemblage. L'immunoprécipitation de l'IRSp53 a montré une conversion indépendante de p6 de HIV-1 Gag, indiquant une complexation intracellulaire de Gag et de l'IRSp53. Le fractionnement cellulaire et la flottation de la membrane ont montré que le recrutement de l'IRSp53 vers la membrane cellulaire double lors de l'expression du VIH-1 Gag. La microscopie PALM / STORM à molécule unique bicolore et les analyses ultérieures ont montré l'IRSp53 à proximité des amas Gag. Nous avons également trouvé une incorporation spécifique de l'IRSp53 dans les particules de VIH-1 Gag par rapport à d'autres protéines I-BAR, un phénomène dépendant de son domaine I-BAR. Comme le domaine I-BAR est impliqué dans la courbure de la membrane, nous avons ensuite sondé cet aspect de l'implication de l'IRSp53 dans l'assemblage du VIH-1. L'analyse des images de microscopie électronique a révélé un défaut de courbure pour les bourgeons des cellules assommées IRSp53. Des études concomitantes dans des systèmes GUV in vitro sans cellule ont également indiqué un rôle pour la courbure de la membrane induite par IRSp53 dans la liaison à la membrane Gag. Ces résultats confirment le rôle essentiel de l'IRSp53 dans les premiers stades de l'assemblage du VIH-1. Enfin, comme l'IRSp53 est un acteur essentiel dans l'échafaudage des protéines de signalisation de l'actine, nous avons établi un rôle pour le Rac1 activé dans le recrutement de la membrane IRSp53 en aval du VIH-1 Gag, et testé l'implication du RacGEF Tiam1 dans la production de particules du VIH-1. La microscopie à super résolution révèle également la présence de nanostructures d'actine sur les sites d'assemblage du VIH-1. Tous ces résultats mettent en évidence le rôle nouveau et essentiel de la protéine I-BAR à courbure membranaire IRSp53, et la mobilisation de l'actine corticale, dans les phases tardives de la réplication du VIH-1During the HIV assembly and budding, the plasma membrane undergoes a curvature driven by HIV-1 Gag self-assembly at the assembly site towards the exterior of the cell. However, the multimerization of Gag may not be sufficient and Gag may need to recruit cell factors for inducing local membrane curvature. We recently reported that the HIV-1 Gag particle release was dependent on the activation of the signalling pathway Rac1/IRSp53/Wave2/Arp3 in Jurkat T cells and primary blood lymphocytes. This cellular complex, when activated, is recruited to the cell plasma membrane and promotes the recruitment of actin branching, actin polymerisation and membrane remodelling in lamellipodia. In particular, the protein IRSp53 contains an I-BAR domain capable of inducing membrane curvature via the recognition of the plasma membrane phospholipide PI(4,5)P2. This phospholipid is also specifically recognized by the N-terminal Matrix domain of Gag and is a lipidic cofactor of Gag targeting to the plasma membrane and of HIV-1 assembly. This research project aimed at characterizing the cellular and molecular mechanisms of IRSp53 involvement in HIV-1 Gag assembly in CD4 T cells and HEK293T cells. Our results show that IRSp53 is associated with viral particles and that its knockdown by siRNA decreases HIV-1 release in T lymphocytes and HEK293 T cells. Electron microscopy of cells knocked down for IRSp53 revealed a striking phenotype of viral buds arrested at an early stage of assembly. Immunoprecipitation of IRSp53 showed a p6 independent pulldown of HIV-1 Gag, indicating intracellular complexing of Gag and IRSp53. Cellular fractionation and membrane flotation showed that IRSp53 recruitment to cellular membrane doubles upon expression of HIV-1 Gag. Dual colour single molecule PALM/STORM microscopy and subsequent analyses showed IRSp53 in close proximity to Gag clusters. We also found specific incorporation of IRSp53 in HIV-1 Gag particles as compare to other I-BAR proteins, a phenomenon dependent on its IBAR domain. As the I-BAR domain is involved in membrane curvature, we then probed this aspect of IRSp53 involvement in HIV-1 assembly. Analysis of electron microscopy images revealed a curvature defect for buds from IRSp53 knocked out cells. Concomitant studies in cell free in vitro GUV systems also indicated a role for IRSp53 induced membrane curvature in Gag membrane binding. These results affirm the essential role of IRSp53 in the early stages of HIV-1 assembly. Finally as IRSp53 is a vital player in scaffolding actin signaling proteins, we established a role for activated Rac1 in IRSp53 membrane recruitment downstream of HIV-1 Gag, and test the involvement of the RacGEF Tiam1 in HIV-1 particle production. Super resolution microscopy also reveals the presence of actin nanostructures at HIV-1 assembly sites. All these results highlight the novel and essential role of the membrane curving I-BAR protein IRSp53, and the mobilization of cortical actin, in the late phases of HIV-1 replication
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Dong, Quan. "HEMTs cryogéniques à faible puissance dissipée et à bas bruit." Thesis, Paris 11, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA112035.
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Les transistors ayant un faible niveau de bruit à basse fréquence, une faible puissance de dissipation et fonctionnant à basse température (≤ 4.2 K) sont actuellement inexistants alors qu’ils sont très demandés pour la réalisation de préamplificateurs à installer au plus près des détecteurs ou des dispositifs à la température de quelques dizaines de mK, dans le domaine de l’astrophysique, de la physique mésoscopique et de l’électronique spatiale. Une recherche menée depuis de nombreuses années au LPN vise à réaliser une nouvelle génération de HEMTs (High Electron Mobility Transistors) cryogéniques à haute performance pour répondre à ces demandes. Cette thèse, dans le cadre d’une collaboration entre le CNRS/LPN et le CEA/IRFU, a pour but la réalisation de préamplificateurs cryogéniques pour des microcalorimètres à 50 mK.Les travaux de cette thèse consistent en des caractérisations systématiques des paramètres électriques et des bruits des HEMTs (fabriqués au LPN) à basse température. En se basant sur les résultats expérimentaux, l’une des sources de bruit à basse fréquence dans les HEMTs a pu être identifiée, c’est-à-dire la part du courant tunnel séquentiel dans le courant de fuite de grille. Grâce à ce résultat, les hétérostructures ont été optimisées pour minimiser le courant de fuite de grille ainsi que le niveau de bruit à basse fréquence. Au cours de cette thèse, différentes méthodes spécifiques ont été développées pour mesurer de très faibles valeurs de courant de fuite de grille, les capacités du transistor et le bruit 1/f du transistor avec une très haute impédance d’entrée. Deux relations expérimentales ont été observées, l’une sur le bruit 1/f et l’autre sur le bruit blanc dans ces HEMTs à 4.2 K. Des avancées notables ont été réalisées, à titre d’indication, les HEMTs avec une capacité de grille de 92 pF et une consommation de 100 µW peuvent atteindre un niveau de bruit en tension de 6.3 nV/√Hz à 1 Hz, un niveau de bruit blanc de 0.2 nV/√Hz et un niveau de bruit en courant de 50 aA/√Hz à 10 Hz. Enfin, une série de 400 HEMTs, qui répondent pleinement aux spécifications demandées pour la réalisation de préamplificateurs au CEA/IRFU, a été réalisée. Les résultats de cette thèse constitueront une base solide pour une meilleure compréhension du bruit 1/f et du bruit blanc dans les HEMTs cryogéniques afin de les améliorer pour les diverses applications envisagéesTransistors with low noise level at low frequency, low-power dissipation and operating at low temperature (≤ 4.2 K) are currently non-existent, however, they are widely required for realizing cryogenic preamplifiers which can be installed close to sensors or devices at a temperature of few tens of mK, in astrophysics, mesoscopic physics and space electronics. Research conducted over many years at LPN aims to a new generation of high-performance cryogenic HEMTs (High Electron Mobility Transistors) to meet these needs. This thesis, through the collaboration between the CNRS/LPN and the CEA/IRFU, aims for the realization of cryogenic preamplifiers for microcalorimeters at 50 mK.The work of this thesis consists of systematic characterizations of electrical and noise parameters of the HEMTs (fabricated at LPN) at low temperatures. Based on the experimental results, one of the low-frequency-noise sources in the HEMTs has been identified, i.e., the sequential tunneling part in the gate leakage current. Thanks to this result, heterostructures have been optimized to minimize the gate leakage current and the low frequency noise. During this thesis, specific methods have been developed to measure very low-gate-leakage-current values, transistor’s capacitances and the 1/f noise with a very high input impedance. Two experimental relationships have been observed, one for the 1/f noise and other for the white noise in these HEMTs at 4.2 K. Significant advances have been made, for information, the HEMTs with a gate capacitance of 92 pF and a consumption of 100 µW can reach a noise voltage of 6.3 nV/√ Hz at 1 Hz, a white noise voltage of 0.2 nV/√ Hz, and a noise current of 50 aA/√Hz at 10 Hz. Finally, a series of 400 HEMTs has been realized which fully meet the specifications required for realizing preamplifiers at CEA/IRFU. The results of this thesis will provide a solid base for a better understanding of 1/f noise and white noise in cryogenic HEMTs with the objective to improve them for various considered applications
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Ay, Aysecan. "Resistance In Everyday Life: Coping With The Smoking Ban In The Case Of Nevizade." Master's thesis, METU, 2010. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12612788/index.pdf.
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The aim of this study is to draw attention to the fact that daily practices which tend to be overlooked due to their taken for grantedness actually signify power coming into existence here and now as well as that everyday problems bring along accordingly ordinary coping ways. In this respect, resistance in everyday life means a refusal that does not identify itself as political and organized, and who intends to make do with the rule by finding immediate and effective solutions to negative effects power generates rather than overtly challenging it. In order to render visible this type of resistance, to understand how it is experienced and perceived, the implementation of smoking ban in enclosed areas was covered in entertainment venues. Participant observations and semi-structured in-depth interviews were conducted in Nevizade Street that is located in Beyoglu district of Istanbul and consists of meyhanes as well as beerhouses. Although customers resist based on pleasure principle, managers in order not to go bankrupt and employees not to fall out of work, it is concluded that what is thwarted here is not public health that the related law aims to protect but rather the troubles that the implementation of the law brings about.
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Hirsekorn, Hauke. "Bag-1- und bcl-2-Protoonkogene in normalen und neoplastischen Strukturen der Prostata immunhistochemische Untersuchungen /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2005. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=975199102.
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Motamedi, Mina. "Characterization of anti-apoptotic protein family members (Bax inhibitor-1 and Lifeguard) in Hydra vulgaris." Diss., Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 2013. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-160446.
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Crocoll, Alexander [Verfasser]. "Expression und antiapoptotische Funktion des Bag-1 Proteins während der Embryonalentwicklung der Maus / Alexander Crocoll." Karlsruhe : KIT-Bibliothek, 2001. http://d-nb.info/1198221933/34.
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Tukwayo, Philiswa P. "Temporal and spatial variability in a copepod community off St Helena Bay in 2000/1." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/6204.
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Bibliography: leaves 34-39.The driving forces behind changes in copepod community structure in the Benguela upwelling region are examined. For this study, monthly changes in copepod size structure and species composition were examined at St Helena Bay in 2000/1 in relation to upwelling, phytoplankton and fish. The copepod assemblage was dominated by large species categories in the early period of recruitment (April) and smaller species categories in the late period of recruitment (August). The reappearance of large species categories and increase in copepod biomass is observed in summer months. This is attributed to both predation and upwelling intensity. Arguments are developed to suggest that the copepod size. structure is consistent with 'wasp-waist' control and 'bottom-up' control was responsible for the copepod increase.
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Oliveira, Luiza Monteiro de Barros. "Os Caminhos do mal – uma análise semiótica de Breaking Bad." Niterói, 2017. https://app.uff.br/riuff/handle/1/3418.
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A presente dissertação de mestrado propõe-se a analisar, por meio do aparato da semiótica francesa, a série de televisão Breaking bad, transmitida entre 2008 e 2013 pelo canal norte-americano AMC. Parte da chamada nova “era de ouro” da televisão americana, a série criada por Vince Gilligan apresenta uma narrativa inventiva que conquistou tanto público quanto crítica, sobretudo pelo apelo de seu protagonista, Walter White. A partir do percurso gerativo de sentido de Algirdas Greimas, a análise concentrase nos níveis narrativos e discursivos para acompanhar quais estratégias são empregadas nesta obra audiovisual. Em especial, propomos um estudo sobre as paixões do protagonista e os valores que são postos em jogo por meio da articulação entre recursos verbais e visuais
This work uses french semiotics to analyse the TV series Breaking bad, transmited between 2008 and 2013 on AMC channel in the United States. Identified as part of the so called new american TV “Golden age”, the series created by Vince Gilligan features an inventive narrative that was equally accepted by the audience and TV critics, with its protagonist, Walter White, as the greatest cause of its success. In this work, the narrative and discoursive levels of Algirdas Greimas’ generative meaning trajectory are used to follow which strategies are used in this audiovisual work. In special, we propose a study about the protagonist’s passions and the values that are displayed through the articulation between verbal and visual recourses
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Leddin, Mathias. "Unterschiedliche Autoregulation am PU.1 Lokus in B -Zellen und myeloischen Zellen." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät I, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/16546.
Full textAbstract:
Als Schlüsselfaktor des hämatopoietischen Systems spielt PU.1 eine ent-scheidende Rolle in der Entwicklung der meisten hämatopoietischen Li-nien. Das PU.1 Expressionslevel bestimmt das Differenzierungspotential hämatopoietischer Stammzellen und Vorläufer. In den unterschiedlichen Zelltypen werden verschiedene Expressionsstärken etabliert. Wie diese zelltypischen Expressionslevel vonPU.1 generiert werden, ist bisher weit-gehend unbekannt. In der vorliegenden Doktorarbeit wurde mit Hilfe eines transgenen Maus-modells die cis-regulatorische Einheit von PU.1 definiert, um mit nachfol-genden molekularbiologischen und genomweiten Ansätzen Mechanismen der zellspezifischen Regulation von PU.1 zu aufzuzeigen. Die Definition der cis-regulatorischen Einheit von PU.1 erfolgte mit Hilfe eines transgenen Mausmodells, welches ein humanes PU.1 BAC Kons-trukt trägt. Es konnte gezeigt werden, dass humanes und murines PU.1 substituierbar sind und den gleichen Regulationsmechanismen unterlie-gen. Mit Hilfe genomweite DNaseI hypersensitivity Analysen, Methylie-rungs- und Bindungsstudien konnte ein neuer Regulationsmechanismus beschrieben werden, der eine spezifische kombinatorische Interaktion verschiedener cis-regulatorischer Elemente erfordert. Durch Reportergenassays in verschiedenen Zelltypen war es möglich, einen myeloischen Enhancer zu identifizieren. Es konnte gezeigt werden, dass PU.1 mit zelltyp-spezifischen Transkriptionsfaktoren interagiert, um unterschiedliche Bindungsmuster an seinen regulatorischen Elementen zu etablieren. Dadurch kommt es zu den spezifischen Expressionstärken von PU.1The transcription factor PU.1 occupies a central role in controlling myeloid and early B cell development and its correct lineage-specific expression is critical for the differentiation choice of hematopoietic progenitors. However, little is known of how this tissue-specific pattern is established. We previously identified an upstream regulatory cis-element (URE) whose targeted deletion in mice decreases PU.1 expression and causes leukemia. We show here that the URE alone is insufficient to confer physiological PU.1 expression, but requires the cooperation with other, previously unidentified elements. Using a combination of transgenic studies, global chromatin assays and detailed molecular analyses we present evidence that PU.1 is regulated by a novel mechanism involving cross-talk between different cis-elements together with lineage-restricted autoregulation. In this model, PU.1 regulates its expression in B cells and macrophages by differentially associating with cell-type specific transcription factors at one of its cis-regulatory elements to establish differential activity patterns at other elements.