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Journal articles on the topic 'Ballbot'

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Author: Grafiati
Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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1

Jeong, Gwa-Cheol, Jun-Tae Park, and Soo-Yeong Yi. "Development of Ballbot LQR Control System." Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems 26, no. 4 (April 30, 2020): 256–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.5302/j.icros.2020.20.8003.

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2

Park, JaeHan, SoonCheol Kim, and Sooyeong Yi. "Development of Stable Ballbot with Omnidirectional Mobility." Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems 19, no. 1 (January 1, 2013): 40–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.5302/j.icros.2013.19.1.040.

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3

Nagarajan, Umashankar, George Kantor, and Ralph Hollis. "The ballbot: An omnidirectional balancing mobile robot." International Journal of Robotics Research 33, no. 6 (November 13, 2013): 917–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0278364913509126.

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4

Wyrwał, Daniel, and Tymoteusz Lindner. "Control algorithm for holonomic robot that balances on single spherical wheel." MATEC Web of Conferences 252 (2019): 02005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201925202005.

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This paper presents the control algorithm for the new type of robot that balances on a single spherical wheel. This type of robot is called Ballbot and unlike other statically stable robots, it has a high gravity centre and a very small footprint. The robot is dynamically stable, which means that if the controller stops working, the entire construction will fall over. Because of that, it needs a special control algorithm to keep the balance. The presented Ballbot is fitted with sensors such as gyroscope and accelerometer and controls motors with omni-directional wheels to move the robot in any direction. This paper presents theoretical information about balancing robots and the most important elements of the robot. Next, the design concept of the controller based on STM32 family, control algorithms and filters were proposed and implemented. In the final section of this paper, the investigation results were presented and discussed.
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5

Cai, Chengtao, Jiaxin Lu, and Zuoyong Li. "Kinematic Analysis and Control Algorithm for the Ballbot." IEEE Access 7 (2019): 38314–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2902219.

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6

Asgari, Pouya, Payam Zarafshan, and S. Ali A. Moosavian. "Manipulation control of an armed Ballbot with stabilizer." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part I: Journal of Systems and Control Engineering 229, no. 5 (January 21, 2015): 429–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0959651814567746.

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7

Lee, Ji Heon, and Hee Jae Park. "A Study on Balancing Control of Ballbot Robot Systems." Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Technology Engineers 27, no. 3 (June 15, 2018): 244–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.7735/ksmte.2018.27.3.244.

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8

Lee, Sang-Man, and Bong Seok Park. "Robust Control for Trajectory Tracking and Balancing of a Ballbot." IEEE Access 8 (2020): 159324–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3020091.

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9

Wang, Gaoqiang, Andreas Rühling, Saeed Amirjalayer, Marek Knor, Johannes Bruno Ernst, Christian Richter, Hong-Jun Gao, et al. "Ballbot-type motion of N-heterocyclic carbenes on gold surfaces." Nature Chemistry 9, no. 2 (October 3, 2016): 152–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nchem.2622.

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10

Pham, Dinh Ba, and Soon-Geul Lee. "Aggregated Hierarchical Sliding Mode Control for a Spatial Ridable Ballbot." International Journal of Precision Engineering and Manufacturing 19, no. 9 (September 2018): 1291–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12541-018-0153-5.

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11

Do, Van-Thach, Soon-Geul Lee, and Jong-Han Kim. "Robust integral backstepping hierarchical sliding mode controller for a ballbot system." Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing 144 (October 2020): 106866. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ymssp.2020.106866.

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12

Satici, A. C., A. Donaire, and B. Siciliano. "Intrinsic dynamics and total energy-shaping control of the ballbot system." International Journal of Control 90, no. 12 (December 8, 2016): 2734–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00207179.2016.1264630.

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13

Do, Van-Thach, Soon-Geul Lee, and Kwan-Woong Gwak. "Passivity-based Nonlinear Control for a Ballbot to Balance and Transfer." International Journal of Control, Automation and Systems 17, no. 11 (July 26, 2019): 2929–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12555-019-0073-x.

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14

Hera, Pedro La, Leonid Freidovich, Anton Shiriaev, and Uwe Mettin. "Traversing from point-to-point along a straight line with a ballbot." IFAC Proceedings Volumes 43, no. 14 (September 2010): 125–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.3182/20100901-3-it-2016.00185.

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15

Pham, Dinh Ba, Ihn-Sik Weon, and Soon-Geul Lee. "Partial Feedback Linearization Double-loop Control for a Pseudo-2D Ridable Ballbot." International Journal of Control, Automation and Systems 18, no. 5 (January 22, 2020): 1310–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12555-018-0854-7.

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16

Johnson, Joe, R. Senthilnathan, Meenakshi Negi, Raj Girishkumar Patel, and Abhishek Bhattacherjee. "A Fuzzy Logic-in-Loop Control for a Novel Reduced Height Ballbot Prototype." Procedia Computer Science 133 (2018): 960–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2018.07.081.

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17

Pham, Dinh Ba, Jaejun Kim, and Soon-Geul Lee. "Combined control with sliding mode and Partial feedback linearization for a spatial ridable ballbot." Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing 128 (August 2019): 531–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ymssp.2019.04.008.

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18

Pham, Dinh Ba, and Soon-Geul Lee. "Hierarchical sliding mode control for a two-dimensional ball segway that is a class of a second-order underactuated system." Journal of Vibration and Control 25, no. 1 (April 23, 2018): 72–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1077546318770089.

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Ball segway, a ballbot-type personal carrier robot, is an actual under-actuated system with second-order nonholonomic velocity constraints and input coupling case. The two-dimensional ball segway system has two outputs consisting of ball position and body tilt angle, which needs to be controlled but has only one torque driving the ball. Actuators directly drive the ball and the body has no direct control. The main objective of this study is to design a robust controller for the ball segway so that the ball is transferred in a point-to-point motion while the body is maintained in the vertical position. The proposed controller is designed on the basis of hierarchical sliding mode control technique. Both simulations and experiments were conducted to verify the quality and stability of the control system.
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19

Pham, Dinh Ba, Jaejun Kim, Soon-Geul Lee, and Kwan-Woong Gwak. "Double-Loop Control with Hierarchical Sliding Mode and Proportional Integral Loop for 2D Ridable Ballbot." International Journal of Precision Engineering and Manufacturing 20, no. 9 (May 11, 2019): 1519–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12541-019-00139-4.

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20

Xuan, Hai Le, Quoc-Dong Hoang, Soon-Geul Lee, Dat Pham Xuan, Hoang Tran Viet, Minh Pham Van, Hung Pham Van, Hung Pham Viet, Pham Duc Tuan, and Duc Anh Nguyen. "Adaptive hierarchical sliding mode control using an artificial neural network for a ballbot system with uncertainties." Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology 36, no. 2 (February 2022): 947–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12206-022-0141-7.

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21

Navabi, Hamed, Soroush Sadeghnejad, Sepehr Ramezani, and Jacky Baltes. "Position Control of the Single Spherical Wheel Mobile Robot by Using the Fuzzy Sliding Mode Controller." Advances in Fuzzy Systems 2017 (2017): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/2651976.

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A spherical wheel robot or Ballbot—a robot that balances on an actuated spherical ball—is a new and recent type of robot in the popular area of mobile robotics. This paper focuses on the modeling and control of such a robot. We apply the Lagrangian method to derive the governing dynamic equations of the system. We also describe a novel Fuzzy Sliding Mode Controller (FSMC) implemented to control a spherical wheel mobile robot. The nonlinear nature of the equations makes the controller nontrivial. We compare the performance of four different fuzzy controllers: (a) regulation with one signal, (b) regulation and position control with one signal, (c) regulation and position control with two signals, and (d) FSMC for regulation and position control with two signals. The system is evaluated in a realistic simulation and the robot parameters are chosen based on a LEGO platform, so the designed controllers have the ability to be implemented on real hardware.
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22

Creighton, Breen, Catrina Denvir, Richard Johnstone, Shae McCrystal, and Alice Orchiston. "Pre-Strike Ballots and Collective Bargaining: The Impact of Quorum and Ballot Mode Requirements on Access to Lawful Industrial Action." Industrial Law Journal 48, no. 3 (September 12, 2018): 343–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/indlaw/dwy022.

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Abstract In 2016, the UK Parliament passed the Trade Union Act 2016 (TU Act 2016), which introduced new quorum and approval requirements for pre-strike ballots. In Australia, mandatory pre-strike ballots, including a quorum requirement, were first introduced in 2006. This article explains the key features of the Australian pre-strike ballot system and reports on quantitative and qualitative empirical research findings on the operation of the ballots process to analyse the majority and quorum requirements, mode of ballot (postal, attendance or electronic) and choice of ballot agent. Quorum is the biggest obstacle to Australian unions authorising strike action under the pre-strike ballot rules, and postal ballots fail to reach quorum at significantly higher rates than do attendance ballots. By introducing quorums and retaining the requirement that all pre-strike ballots must be conducted by post, the TU Act 2016 endorsed the two factors under the Australian regime most likely to impede the authorisation of strike action in a pre-strike ballot.
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23

Matthews, Gregory J., Pétala Gardênia da Silva Estrela Tuy, and Robert K. Arthur. "An examination of statistical disclosure issues related to publication of aggregate statistics in the presence of a known subset of the dataset using Baseball Hall of Fame ballots." Journal of Quantitative Analysis in Sports 13, no. 1 (January 1, 2017): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jqas-2016-0085.

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AbstractEach year the members of the Baseball Writers Association of America (BBWAA) vote for eligible former players to be inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame. The BBWAA tabulates and releases vote totals, but individual ballots remain private. However, many voters forgo their ballot privacy to publish their ballots through various media channels. These publicly available ballots can be aggregated to create a subset of the true ballots. Using these released ballots and the totals released by the BBWAA, this research assesses what can be learned about the group of voters who chose to not disclose their ballot. Attributes of the known and unknown ballot groups are studied by looking at differences in voting preference for individual players as well as voting differences between classes of voters that are defined using latent class analysis (LCA).
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24

Vikaliana, Resista, and I. Nyoman Purnaya. "Optimalisasi Distribusi Surat Suara Pemilu pada Pemilihan Umum Serentak 2019." Transparansi : Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Administrasi 2, no. 2 (December 29, 2019): 140–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.31334/transparansi.v2i2.554.

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The purpose of this study is to determine the process of ballot distribution and propose a model of the optimal ballot distribution process. This research is useful in providing input on the distribution of ballot papers for the first time this election is held simultaneously. The input is expected to increase effectiveness in the distribution or distribution of ballots so that they can produce good ballots when needed by the parties concerned. This study uses a qualitative approach with in-depth interviews with key informants, observation and documentation studies. The distribution model on the 2019 Simultaneous Election ballots is to be implemented in stages. For overseas distribution, in order to reduce distribution costs, enable digital signatures, and eVote, because the internet infrastructure is more adequate.
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25

Crawford, Evan. "How Nonpartisan Ballot Design Conceals Partisanship: A Survey Experiment of School Board Members in Two States." Political Research Quarterly 71, no. 1 (August 23, 2017): 143–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1065912917725405.

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Studies suggest that between one-fourth and one-third of localities elect their leaders on partisan ballots. Does the presence of a party label on the ballot affect the level of partisanship in local office? I leverage the fact that within select states, school boards vary as to whether their members are elected on partisan or nonpartisan ballots. Do the differences in policy preferences between Democrats and Republicans differ across these ballot contexts? Does a party cue treatment, where respondents are reminded of the general policy positions of both parties, differentially affect elected officials in different ballot contexts? Evidence from the survey reveals a group of “polarized nonpartisans” who tend to express more partisan views about public policy than their co-partisans elected in an explicitly partisan system. At the same time, providing party cues in policy debates disproportionately moves those elected on partisan ballots as opposed to nonpartisan ones. That partisan-elected officials are more influenced by party cues appears to validate the motivations of nonpartisan reformers, yet the “polarized nonpartisans” found in the control group should give those reformers pause and reveals the need for continued research into the behavioral consequences of nonpartisan ballots.
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26

Hopkins, Daniel J., Marc Meredith, Anjali Chainani, Nathaniel Olin, and Tiffany Tse. "Results from a 2020 field experiment encouraging voting by mail." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 118, no. 4 (January 19, 2021): e2021022118. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2021022118.

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The ability to cast a mail ballot can safeguard the franchise. However, because there are often additional procedural protections to ensure that a ballot cast in person counts, voting by mail can also jeopardize people’s ability to cast a recorded vote. An experiment carried out during the COVID-19 pandemic illustrates both forces. Philadelphia officials randomly sent 46,960 Philadelphia registrants postcards encouraging them to apply to vote by mail in the lead-up to the June 2020 primary election. While the intervention increased the likelihood a registrant cast a mail ballot by 0.4 percentage points (P = 0.017)—or 3%—many of these additional mail ballots counted only because a last-minute policy intervention allowed most mail ballots postmarked by Election Day to count.
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27

Kamijo, Yoshio, Yoichi Hizen, Tatsuyoshi Saijo, and Teruyuki Tamura. "Voting on Behalf of a Future Generation: A Laboratory Experiment." Sustainability 11, no. 16 (August 7, 2019): 4271. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11164271.

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This paper investigates a new voting rule wherein some people are given extra votes to serve as proxies for future generations. We predict that this voting scheme affects the voting behavior of those who do not receive an extra vote (i.e., single-ballot voters) because they are less likely to become a pivot, while proxy voters are expected to behave in support of the future generation. To test this prediction, we compare three scenarios wherein single-ballot voters would cast a vote: (a) one-voter-one-vote scenario wherein all voters cast only a single ballot; (b) a standard proxy-voting scenario wherein other voters cast two ballots, and the second vote is to cast for the benefit of a future generation; and (c) a non-proxy-voting scenario wherein other voters cast two ballots with no explanation for the second vote. The result shows that single-ballot voters are less inclined to vote for the future-oriented option in (c) than in (a). This indicates the potential drawback of the new voting scheme. However, there is no difference in the single-ballot voters’ decision between (a) and (b), indicating that the explanation of the second ballot as the proxy is important for reducing the intergenerational inequality through this voting reform.
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28

Menger, Andrew, Robert M. Stein, and Greg Vonnahme. "Reducing the Undervote With Vote by Mail." American Politics Research 46, no. 6 (November 9, 2017): 1039–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1532673x17737059.

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We study how ballot completion levels in Colorado responded to the adoption of universal vote by mail elections (VBM). VBM systems are among the most widespread and significant election reforms that states have adopted in modern elections. VBM elections provide voters more time to become informed about ballot choices and opportunities to research their choices at the same time as they fill out their ballots. By creating a more information-rich voting environment, VBM should increase ballot completion, especially among peripheral voters. The empirical results show that VBM elections lead to greater ballot completion, but that this effect is only substantial in presidential elections.
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29

Reed, Daniel C. "Reevaluating the Vote Market Hypothesis: Effects of Australian Ballot Reform on Voter Turnout." Social Science History 38, no. 3-4 (2014): 277–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/ssh.2015.25.

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This research reevaluates the effect of the Australian ballot reforms of the late nineteenth century on voter mobilization and turnout, challenging the “vote market hypothesis” regarding voter bribery by political parties. We propose that any subsequent declines in turnout were more directly affected by ballot design than by voter secrecy. In a regression analysis of voter turnout in statewide gubernatorial elections from 1870 to 1910, we find a significant decline in turnout in those states implementing “office bloc” reform ballots. However, the use of “party column” reform ballots did not lead to a decline in turnout. The results suggest that secrecy in voting does not fully explain the national turnout decline observed after passage.
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30

Fu, Meng-Hsuan, and An-Shyang Lee. "Ballot Blockchain System Design and Development on Ethereum Platform." International Journal of System Dynamics Applications 11, no. 3 (August 2, 2022): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijsda.287115.

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Ballots are often hold for fair decisions such as party theme selecting, however, the existing traditional ballot has some problems involving amount of human resources, cost of places, equipment, time and traffic, and repeated procedures. In order to solve the issues aforementioned, a ballot blockchain system is designed and implemented based on the smart contract of Ethereum. It is designed on the core blockchain technologies of the decentralized ledger technology, using a secure hash algorithm, anonymous user, incorruptible data, and adopting a public blockchain. The ballot blockchain system is implemented based on the MetaMask verification and the Remix interface development environment. The smart contract plays the role of the decision-maker for controlling ballot activities instead of numerous human tasks. All ballot transactions are recorded in the ballot blockchain permanently when the ballot completed. The aim of the ballot blockchain system is to achieve a fair, less time-consuming, secured, and transparent environment.
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31

Flis, Jarosław, and Marek M. Kaminski. "Party-related primacy effects in proportional representation systems: evidence from a natural experiment in Polish local elections." Public Choice 190, no. 3-4 (November 16, 2021): 345–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11127-021-00939-1.

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AbstractWe study the primacy effects that occur when voters cast their votes because a candidate or party is listed first on a ballot. In the elections that we analyzed, there are three potential types of such effects that might occur when voters vote for (1) the first candidate listed on the ballot in single-member district (SMD) elections (candidate primacy); (2) the first party listed on the ballot in open-list proportional representation (OLPR) elections (party primacy); or (3) the first candidate on a party list in OLPR elections (list primacy). We estimated the party primacy effect (2) and established that there was no interaction between (2) and (3). A party primacy effect is especially difficult to estimate because parties’ positions on ballots are typically fixed in all multi-member districts (MMDs) and it is impossible to separate the first-position “bonus” from a party’s normal electoral performance. A rare natural experiment allowed us to estimate the primacy party bonus between 6.02 and 8.52% of all votes cast for the 2014 Polish local elections. We attribute the large size of such bonus to the great complexity of voting in the OLPR elections, especially the much longer ballots, voting in many simultaneous elections, and ballot design as a booklet rather than a sheet.
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32

Wand, Jonathan N., Kenneth W. Shotts, Jasjeet S. Sekhon, Walter R. Mebane, Michael C. Herron, and Henry E. Brady. "The Butterfly Did It: The Aberrant Vote for Buchanan in Palm Beach County, Florida." American Political Science Review 95, no. 4 (December 2001): 793–810. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s000305540040002x.

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We show that the butterfly ballot used in Palm Beach County, Florida, in the 2000 presidential election caused more than 2,000 Democratic voters to vote by mistake for Reform candidate Pat Buchanan, a number larger than George W. Bush's certified margin of victory in Florida. We use multiple methods and several kinds of data to rule out alternative explanations for the votes Buchanan received in Palm Beach County. Among 3,053 U.S. counties where Buchanan was on the ballot, Palm Beach County has the most anomalous excess of votes for him. In Palm Beach County, Buchanan's proportion of the vote on election-day ballots is four times larger than his proportion on absentee (nonbutterfly) ballots, but Buchanan's proportion does not differ significantly between election-day and absentee ballots in any other Florida county. Unlike other Reform candidates in Palm Beach County, Buchanan tended to receive election-day votes in Democratic precincts and from individuals who voted for the Democratic U.S. Senate candidate. Robust estimation of overdispersed binomial regression models undernins much of the analysis.
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33

Wu, Guo Dong, and Zheng Yi Liu. "Election System Based on Prior Knowledge." Advanced Materials Research 989-994 (July 2014): 4806–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.989-994.4806.

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In order to optimize the election system, we present a vote counting system based on prior knowledge, which makes the ballot style more flexible. The system processes votes by using prior knowledge presetted after obtaining images from the scanner. And it can effectively determine ballots’ side to solve the problem of direction uncertainty. The speed of processing each ballot is improved so the problem of limited efficiency can be solved. In addition, the system identifies the position of each option on the ballot to solve the multiple options problems. Experimental results show that the method of the system development is reasonable, effective, and it has high practical value.
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34

Merivaki, Thessalia, and Daniel A. Smith. "A Failsafe for Voters? Cast and Rejected Provisional Ballots in North Carolina." Political Research Quarterly 73, no. 1 (September 19, 2019): 65–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1065912919875816.

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Provisional ballots constitute a failsafe for voters who have their registration or voter identification questioned by poll workers. Scholars have yet to examine who is more likely to cast a provisional ballot, and more importantly, why some provisional ballots are rejected. We suggest that beyond individual-level factors, there are administrative reasons why some prospective voters are more likely to be required to cast provisional ballots than others, and why some provisional ballots are rejected. Drawing on county data collected by the U.S. Election Assistance Commission’s (EAC) biennial Election Administration and Voting Surveys (EAVS) from 2012 to 2016, and individual records of provisional ballots cast in the 2016 Presidential Election in North Carolina, we examine aggregate- and individual-level reasons to explain who casts provisional ballots and why some are rejected. Our findings raise normative questions concerning whether voters casting provisional ballots are treated equally under the law.
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35

Tang, Oliver, Kelly Wong, Reetam Ganguli, Keyana Zahiri, Nicole Burns, Saba Paracha, Giovanni Kozel, Kevin Tang, and Jeremiah Schuur. "Emergency Absentee Voting for Hospitalized Patients and Voting During COVID-19: A 50-State Study." Western Journal of Emergency Medicine 22, no. 4 (July 15, 2021): 1000–1009. http://dx.doi.org/10.5811/westjem.2021.4.50884.

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Introduction: Voters facing illness or disability are disproportionately under-represented in terms of voter turnout. Earlier research has indicated that enfranchisement of these populations may reinforce the implementation of policies improving health outcomes and equity. Due to the confluence of the coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and the 2020 election, we aimed to assess emergency absentee voting processes, which allow voters hospitalized after regular absentee deadlines to still obtain an absentee ballot, and election changes due to COVID-19 in all 50 states. Methods: We performed a cross-sectional study collecting 34 variables pertaining to emergency voting processes and COVID-19-related election changes, including deadlines, methods of submission for applications and ballots, and specialized services for patients. Data were obtained from, in order of priority, state boards of elections websites, poll worker manuals, application forms, and state legislation. We verified all data through direct correspondence with state boards of elections. Results: Emergency absentee voting processes are in place in 39 states, with the remaining states having universal vote-by-mail (n = 5) or extended regular absentee voting deadlines (n = 6). The emergency absentee period most commonly began within 24 hours following the normal absentee application deadline, which was often seven days before an election (n = 11). Unique aspects of emergency voting processes included patients designating an “authorized agent” to deliver their applications and ballots (n = 38), electronic ballot delivery (n = 5), and in-person teams that deliver ballots directly to patients (n = 18). Documented barriers in these processes nationwide include unavailable online information (n = 11), restrictions mandating agents to be family members (n = 7), physician affidavits or signatures (n = 9), and notary or witness signature requirements (n = 15). For the November 2020 presidential election, 12 states expanded absentee eligibility to allow COVID-19 as a reason to request an absentee ballot, and 18 states mailed absentee ballot applications or absentee ballots to all registered voters. Conclusion: While 39 states operate emergency absentee voting processes for hospitalized voters, there are considerable areas for improvement and heterogeneity in guidelines for these protocols. For future election cycles, information on emergency voting and broader election reforms due to COVID-19 may be useful for emergency providers and patients alike to improve the democratic participation of voters experiencing illness.
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36

İyi, Muhammet Mustafa. "Ballon: Fly to Freedom." Borders in Globalization Review 4, no. 1 (December 20, 2022): 130–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.18357/bigr41202221109.

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37

Pierzgalski, Michał, Maciej A. Górecki, and Paweł Stępień. "Ballot Paper Design and Vote Spoiling at Polish Local Elections of 2014: Establishing a Causal Link." East European Politics and Societies: and Cultures 34, no. 3 (November 28, 2019): 611–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0888325419874427.

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Large proportions of spoilt ballots may lead to a distortion of election results. While invalid votes are sometimes meaningful political acts, reflecting political protest, spoilt ballot papers may also be a consequence of voter error, which can be attributed to the poor design of a ballot paper. In this study, we focus on the widely publicized case of the Polish local elections of 2014. These elections saw unprecedentedly large proportions of spoilt votes, and ballot paper format was often mentioned as a potential culprit. Yet it remains largely unclear whether or not there indeed does exist a cause-and-effect relationship between ballot card format and the tendency of voters to cast invalid votes. We argue that what we deliver here is the first methodologically refined test of the aforementioned hypothesis. We apply the generalized synthetic control comparative method, proposed by Yiquing Xu (in 2017), and show that the implementation of a complex or ambiguous ballot design can result in a substantial increase in the rate of spoilt votes. We thus demonstrate that ballot paper design matters. Specifically, the results of this study corroborate the existence of a cause-and-effect relationship between ballot paper format and the fraction of invalid votes in the 2014 municipal elections in Poland.
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38

Aldashev, Gani, and Giovanni Mastrobuoni. "Invalid Ballots and Electoral Competition." Political Science Research and Methods 7, no. 2 (September 9, 2016): 289–310. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/psrm.2016.36.

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In close elections, a sufficiently high share of invalid ballots—if driven by voter mistakes or electoral fraud—can jeopardize the electoral outcome. We study how the closeness of electoral race relates to the share of invalid ballots, under the traditional paper-ballot hand-counted voting technology. Using a large micro-level data set from the Italian parliamentary elections in 1994–2001, we find a strong robust negative relationship between the margin of victory of the leading candidate over the nearest rival and the share of invalid ballots. We argue that this relationship is not driven by voter mistakes, protest, or electoral fraud. The explanation that garners most support is that of rational allocation of effort by election officers and party representatives, with higher rates ofdetectionof invalid ballots in close elections.
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Grail, Julie, Catherine Mitton, Nikos Ntounis, Cathy Parker, Simon Quin, Chloe Steadman, Gary Warnaby, Emily Cotterill, and Diane Smith. "Business improvement districts in the UK: a review and synthesis." Journal of Place Management and Development 13, no. 1 (December 12, 2019): 73–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jpmd-11-2019-0097.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to review the development and current position of Business Improvement Districts (BIDs) in the UK, drawing on the content within a State-of-the-Art Review of Business Improvement Districts in the UK: setting the agenda for policy, practice and research, commissioned by The BID Foundation and produced by members of the Institute of Place Management. Design/methodology/approach The paper is divided into seven main sections. The first section defines the concept of BIDs, outlines their process of establishment and provides a brief critique of BIDs from the academic literature. Second, the process of introducing BIDs into the UK is discussed. Third, the different types of BIDs that currently exist are detailed. The fourth section outlines the development of BIDs since their introduction in 2004. Fifth, an analysis of BID ballots is provided, involving details of ballot results, demonstrating a general improvement as BIDs develop over time. The sixth section comprises a discussion of unsuccessful ballots and BID terminations. The paper concludes with a brief analysis of issues BIDs face in the UK, looking into the future. Findings The paper contains three main empirical contributions: first, a numerical analysis of the different types of BIDs in the UK; second, a timeline of their development from 2005 to 2018; and third, a statistical analysis of BID ballot results over this period, with an indication of the numbers of unsuccessful ballots and BID terminations. Originality/value This paper provides the first comprehensive overview of BIDs in the UK detailing development and performance (e.g. ballot results) in the 15 years since their introduction.
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Fedorenko, Vladyslav, Volodymyr Nesterovych, and Ian Bernaziuk. "Zobacz wydanie Rok 3/2021 Tom 13 Numer 1 The Ballot Paper: a Constitutional Instrument of Electoral Democracy or a Means of Manipulating the Electorate?" Krytyka Prawa 13, no. 1 (March 15, 2021): 51–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.7206/kp.2080-1084.428.

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The article portrays the ballot paper as a constitutional instrument of electoral democracy. The authors argue that the result of an election often depends on the form, the content, and the method of filling out the ballot. It is shown that a ballot is an election instrument of standard form, by means of which a voter votes for candidates and/or lists of candidates, and which later allows to establish the election results. It is concluded that the definition and classification of ballot types has not only theoretical but also practical value. In particular, this issue is of great practical significance in four cases: 1) simultaneous elections of differing types (sometimes including a simultaneous vote at a referendum); election of candidates for elective offices under different types of electoral systems or different types of territorial constituencies; 3) the vote count and establishing the outcome of the election; 4) prosecuting criminals for the illegal use of ballots.
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41

Reece, Gwendolyn J. "Absentee Ballot Day in the library: Empowering students to vote." College & Research Libraries News 81, no. 5 (May 1, 2020): 248. http://dx.doi.org/10.5860/crln.81.5.248.

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On September 25, 2018, American University Library held its inaugural Absentee Ballot Day, helping 1,005 students request absentee ballots. The library partnered with student government, the alumni association, and the League of Women Voters of the District of Columbia to empower our students in exercising their fundamental right and responsibility as citizens in a democracy. This article describes the reasoning behind this initiative, the planning process, and the event itself. The hope is that many academic libraries will join in this effort for the 2020 general election. Resources for institutions wishing to hold their own Absentee Ballot Day are included.
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42

Raden, Sahran. "PENYERDEHANAAN SURAT SUARA PEMILU DALAM PRESFEKTIF SISTEM PEMILU DAN PEMERINTAHAN PRESIDENSIAL." Qaumiyyah: Jurnal Hukum Tata Negara 2, no. 1 (June 30, 2021): 22–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.24239/qaumiyyah.v2i1.19.

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This paper aims to analyze the ideas and policy proposals for simplification of ballot papers implemented in the 2024 simultaneous elections. This simplification of ballots is carried out in an effort to make it easier for voters to vote on voting day in the simultaneous elections, especially in getting to know election participants and their candidates in the right way and legitimate. In addition, simplification of ballot papers makes it easier for election organizers in the process of vote counting accuracy. The design of the electoral ballot must always be relevant to the electoral system and the context of a country's system of government. How is the design of election ballots in the context of the electoral system and the presidential government system adopted in Indonesia. Abstrak Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis gagasan dan usulan kebijakan penyederhaan surat suara yang dilaksanakan dalam pemilu serentak 2024. Penyederhanaan surat suara ini dilakukan dalam upaya untuk memudahkan pemilih dalam memilih saat hari pemungutan suara pada pemilu serentak terutama dalam mengenal peserta pemilu dan kandidatnya dengan cara yang benar dan sah. Selain itu penyederhaan surat suara memberikan kemudahan bagi penyelenggara pemilu dalam proses akurasi penghitungan suara. Desain surat suara pemilu harus selalu relevan dengan sistem pemilu dan konteks sistem pemerintahan suatu negara. Bagaimana desain surat suara pemilu dalam konteks sistem pemilu dan sistem pemerintahan Presidensial yang dianut di Indonesia.
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Raden, Sahran, and Zumria Ria. "PENYERDEHANAAN SURAT SUARA PEMILU DALAM PERSPEKTIF SISTEM PEMILU DAN PEMERINTAHAN PRESIDENSIAL." Qaumiyyah: Jurnal Hukum Tata Negara 2, no. 1 (June 29, 2021): 44–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.24239/qaumiyyah.v2i1.15.

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This paper aims to analyze the ideas and policy proposals for simplification of ballot papers implemented in the 2024 simultaneous elections. This simplification of ballots is carried out in an effort to make it easier for voters to vote on voting day in the simultaneous elections, especially in getting to know election participants and their candidates in the right way and legitimate. In addition, simplification of ballot papers makes it easier for election organizers in the process of vote counting accuracy. The design of the electoral ballot must always be relevant to the electoral system and the context of a country's system of government. How is the design of election ballots in the context of the electoral system and the presidential government system adopted in Indonesia. Abstrak Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis gagasan dan usulan kebijakan penyederhaan surat suara yang dilaksanakan dalam pemilu serentak 2024. Penyederhanaan surat suara ini dilakukan dalam upaya untuk memudahkan pemilih dalam memilih saat hari pemungutan suara pada pemilu serentak terutama dalam mengenal peserta pemilu dan kandidatnya dengan cara yang benar dan sah. Selain itu penyederhaan surat suara memberikan kemudahan bagi penyelenggara pemilu dalam proses akurasi penghitungan suara. Desain surat suara pemilu harus selalu relevan dengan sistem pemilu dan konteks sistem pemerintahan suatu negara. Bagaimana desain surat suara pemilu dalam konteks sistem pemilu dan sistem pemerintahan Presidensial yang dianut di Indonesia.
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44

Nyhuis, Dominic. "Defizite bei der Briefwahl in Deutschland – und fünf Vorschläge zur Abhilfe." Zeitschrift für Parlamentsfragen 53, no. 1 (2022): 75–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.5771/0340-1758-2022-1-75.

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In light of the growing interest in voting by mail, political science research has increasingly focused on this important aspect of democratic participation . Studies in this field have scrutinized the practical implementation of the mail ballot . A systematic review of the lit- erature on the practice of voting by mail shows possible reforms . Five approaches are dis- cussed, (1) a more generous deadline for submitting postal votes, (2) simplifying the mail- in ballots, (3) translating them, (4) personal notifications in case of rejected mail ballots, and (5) incorporating data about rejected mail ballots into the official election results . In this way, the number of erroneous votes can be reduced and more transparency about the voting process can be secured . It is also required as a measure of citizen-oriented public administration
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Hao, Yuanjing, Zhixin Zeng, and Liang Chang. "An Improved Coercion-Resistant E-Voting Scheme." Security and Communication Networks 2021 (October 18, 2021): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/5448370.

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E-voting has gradually replaced the traditional voting methods to make it easier for people to conduct an election. Recently, Liu et al. propose an unconditional secure e-voting scheme using secret sharing and k-anonymity. Their scheme achieves correct tallying results without revealing raw voting information. However, in this paper, we observe that Liu et al.’s scheme cannot achieve coercion resistance in e-voting since the voter can prove the content of his ballot to the colluded candidates. Then, we propose an improved e-voting scheme to cover up the ballot of the voter with masked values. In this way, even if the voter colludes with corresponding candidates, he cannot prove which candidate he has voted for. Moreover, comparing with Liu et al.’s scheme, the security analysis shows that our proposed e-voting scheme achieves these security requirements like the coercion resistance, integrity of ballots, privacy of ballots, multiple-voting detection, and fairness. Through performance analysis, the experimental results show that our proposed e-voting scheme has higher time efficiency. Compared with other schemes, our scheme achieves a complete voting process and obtains the correct tallying result without complex computation and intricate communication process.
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Kimball, D. C. "Ballot Design and Unrecorded Votes on Paper-Based Ballots." Public Opinion Quarterly 69, no. 4 (December 1, 2005): 508–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/poq/nfi054.

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47

Arianto, Eko. "Rancang bangun sistem balon tampondengan sensor tekanan." Journal of Health Studies 2, no. 2 (September 12, 2018): 23–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.31101/jhes.383.

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Postpartum Hemorrhage (PPH) contributes to high number of maternal mortality rate (AKI) in Indonesia. The cause of PPH is varied, but the most common case is atonia uteri. There are some medical procedures to prevent PPH, one of which is using a balloon tamponade.Balloon tamponade is a balloon that is used to help stop PPH.This research was carried out by making new balloon tamponade system. The test results shows that the models which have been developed can be used as a better ballon tamponade system.Condoms can be filled up to 1500 ml volume.
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48

Wu, Chung-li, Alex Min-Wei Lin, and Chingching Chang. "Strategic voting revisited: the case of the 2018 Taipei City mayoral election." Japanese Journal of Political Science 22, no. 3 (June 14, 2021): 175–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s146810992100013x.

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AbstractIn this study, we examine whether strategic voting – in which a voter seeks to maximize the expected payoff from casting a ballot – occurred among late voters in the 2018 Taipei City mayoral election. This multi-candidate mayoral contest was noteworthy because ballot-counting started before all the votes had been cast, with preliminary results being leaked to the media. Theoretically, having access to real-time updates of voting figures could have influenced the decision of voters who were still in line waiting to cast their ballots. Analysis and reconstruction of aggregate polling data, however, demonstrate that there was very little (if any) strategic voting among these late voters on election day, even if they had information that might have induced them to vote strategically.
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Clarke, Harold D., Euel Elliott, and Marianne C. Stewart. "Heuristics, Heterogeneity and Green Choices Voting on California’s Proposition 23." Political Science Research and Methods 5, no. 4 (August 17, 2015): 755–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/psrm.2015.39.

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Ballot initiatives and referendums are increasingly popular methods for addressing important political issues. Studies of voting in these events has found that people rely on party leader and candidate image heuristics when deciding how to cast their ballots. Some analysts have argued that these effects are heterogeneous, being larger for people with lower levels of political knowledge. However, research in experimental economics and political psychology suggests that the impact of heuristics may be greater among more knowledgeable individuals. This paper investigates these rival hypotheses using survey data on voting in a ballot initiative to repeal California’s climate change legislation. Analyses using methods appropriate for studying interaction effects in nonlinear multivariate models demonstrate that candidate heuristics are stronger among more knowledgeable people.
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Maskup, Maskupmutarlih. "ANTARA “ALAT TULIS ATAU ALAT COBLOS”: STUDI KASUS SURAT SUARA TIDAK SAH DALAM PEMILIHAN SERENTAK LANJUTAN 2020 DI KABUPATEN SEMARANG." Politeia: Jurnal Ilmu Politik 14, no. 1 (January 30, 2022): 17–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.32734/politeia.v14i1.7658.

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The purpose of this review is to study the Pattern of Invalid Ballot due to the voter’s incomprehension on the recommendations in the C-Notification Form to bring their own stationary. This descriptive qualitative research uses documentation studies and interviews as the data collection method, it identified that the invalid ballots pattern arises from the use of stationary as the election tool. The use of stationary as the election tool contributes to the significant high number of invalid ballots in the Semarang Regency which reached the total of 33.511 invalid ballots or 5,5% from 608.997 people who exercised their right to vote, in fact in some Voting Places the total number of invalid ballots was more than 10%. It was further revealed that the reason the stationary was used as the election tool, among others was because voters were afraid of getting infected by the virus if the election tools were used interchangeable by other voters. Secondly, the recommendation for voters to bring their own stationary, unconsciously reminded people of the mark ballots in the 2009 Election and due to this, in some Voting Places in the last Semarang Regent 2020 General Election, many stationaries were left behind
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