Journal articles: 'Ballads, French History and criticism'

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Houston, John Porter. "French Romantic Poetry, Literary History, and the Newer Criticism." Romance Quarterly 34, no. 4 (November 1987): 389–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08831157.1987.11000479.

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Stanovaïa, Lydia A. "FRANCIEN AS A STUMBLING BLOCK IN HISTORY OF THE FRENCH LANGUAGE." Theoretical and Applied Linguistics, no. 3 (2019): 164–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.22250/2410-7190_2019_5_3_164_199.

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Criticism of the concept of the formation of the French language on the basis of the francien dialect, presented in the works of XIX-XX centuries, has led to the fact that the term and the concept of «Francien» has become a kind of stumbling block in solving many questions of the formation and evolution of the French language. Analysis of the criticism of the traditional history of the French language, of the discussions about the formation of the French language and the role of the Francien dialect in this process, of the questions of the diatopic variation of the French and Old French showed the theoretical and methodological importance of consistently separating the language and writing, dialect and scriptа, text of the work and text of the manuscript. The analysis of the arguments given by the opponents of the Francien dialect and its special role in the history of the French language showed their failure. The selection of the Francien dialect and the Francien scripta as dialect and scripta of Ile-de-France is necessary for an adequate description of the linguistic situation in the Old and middle French periods.

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Miller, Stephen, and Rene Wellek. "A History of Modern Criticism, 1750-1950. Vol. 8, French, Italian and Spanish Criticism, 1900-1950." South Central Review 13, no. 1 (1996): 77. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3189934.

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Hart, Thomas R., and Rene Wellek. "A History of Modern Criticism, 1750-1950. Vol. 8, French, Italian and Spanish Criticism, 1900-1950." Comparative Literature 45, no. 4 (1993): 372. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1771600.

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McGregor, Andrew. "French Film Criticism and Cultural Hegemony: the Perpetual French ‘Discovery’ of Le Cinéma Des Antipodes." French Cultural Studies 15, no. 2 (June 2004): 158–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0957155804044095.

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Handyside, Fiona. "Une certaine idée du cinéma français: Contemporary French Cinema Criticism." French Cultural Studies 15, no. 3 (October 2004): 311–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/009715580401500308.

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Sauter, Michael J. "Preaching, a Ponytail, and an Enthusiast: Rethinking the Public Sphere's Subversiveness in Eighteenth-century Prussia." Central European History 37, no. 4 (December 2004): 544–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1569161043419271.

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Recent work on the eighteenth-century public sphere has recast the debate about the Enlightenment's responsibility for the French Revolution. Historians have argued that the print public sphere and its concomitant forms of sociability, such as salons, reading clubs, and coffee houses created social spaces from which criticism of the state emerged. This elite criticism corroded the Old Regime's foundations and the revolutionary crash of 1789, if it was not directly the intellectuals' fault, was sufficiently related to their mental labors to show that enlightened publicness had consequences.

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Corredor, Eva L. "Book Review: A History of Modern Criticism: 1750-1950, Volume 8: French, Italian, and Spanish Criticism, 1900-1950." Philosophy and Literature 20, no. 1 (1996): 260–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/phl.1996.0031.

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McCusker, Maeve. "Authorising a tradition: Theory, criticism and (self-)canonisation in French Caribbean writing." French Cultural Studies 24, no. 1 (January 29, 2013): 77–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0957155812464162.

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Hill, Harvey. "French Politics and Alfred Loisy's Modernism." Church History 67, no. 3 (September 1998): 521–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3170944.

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The first decade of the twentieth century was a time of great theological ferment in the Catholic church in France. In order to reconcile Catholic teaching with the latest findings of historical criticism, Alfred Loisy (1857–1940) and other “modernists” proposed sweeping reforms in the Church. From the perspective of Rome, however, these reforms seemed to threaten the very heart of the faith. In Roman eyes, Loisy and his theological allies had adopted the scientific methods of the anticlerical university. Like their secular colleagues but less openly, they then used these methods to subvert the Catholic tradition and the institutional structure of the church. The Vatican defended its embattled faith with a series of measures designed to crush this movement.

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Watkins, Daniel J. "Skepticism, Criticism, and the Making of the Catholic Enlightenment: Rethinking the Career of Jean Hardouin." Journal of Jesuit Studies 6, no. 3 (August 22, 2019): 486–504. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22141332-00603005.

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This article evaluates the early career of the French Jesuit Jean Hardouin (1646–1729) and the impact that it had on other Jesuit scholars of the first decades of the eighteenth century. It argues that Hardouin’s historical criticism—a response to skeptical critiques of the certainty of knowledge—pushed other Jesuit writers to consider new epistemological arguments and use new philosophical tools. In this way, Hardouin’s career helped motivate French Jesuit engagement with the ideas and sensibilities of the Enlightenment.

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Ginio, Ruth. "Investigating the Investigators." Historical Reflections/Réflexions Historiques 46, no. 2 (September 1, 2020): 43–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/hrrh.2020.460204.

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Three cases of re-opened murder investigations in French West Africa are at the heart of this article. My aim is to examine these cases as a lens into everyday colonial policing that was not directly linked to major anti-colonial protests. All three inquiries into low-ranking colonial officers and the way they conducted their investigations took place during the 1930s, in Mauritania, Senegal, and Dahomey. While their circumstances were different, the cases reflect the flawed and unprofessional character of colonial investigations. They also demonstrate that murder investigations—as well as criticism of them—were powered by two crucial French colonial notions: the maintenance of public order and the ideology of the civilizing mission.

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Vavilov, A. V., and N. S. Sidorenko. "HEGELIANISM UNDER THE NIETZSCHEANISM’S MASK: THE SPECULATIVE INTERPRETATION OF THE FOUCAULT’S “HISTORY OF MADNESS”." Scientific bulletin of the Southern Institute of Management 1, no. 1 (March 30, 2016): 83–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.31775/2305-3100-2016-1-83-87.

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The article represents attempt of speculative reading of the first large work of the French philosopher Michel Foucault “Madness history during a classical era". Authors suggest to look at Foucault’s concept from the point of view of criticism of classical rationality. The consciousness is considered through a prism of a perspective of transformation of reason by Hegel.

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Sidorenko, N. S., and A. V. Vavilov. "HEGELIANISM UNDER THE NIETZSCHEANISM’S MASK: THE SPECULATIVE INTERPRETATION OF THE FOUCAULT’S “HISTORY OF MADNESS”." Scientific bulletin of the Southern Institute of Management, no. 2 (June 30, 2016): 69–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.31775/2305-3100-2016-2-69-73.

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The article represents attempt of speculative reading of the first large work of the French philosopher Michel Foucault “Madness history during a classical era". Authors suggest to look at Foucault’s concept from the point of view of criticism of classical rationality. The consciousness is considered through a prism of a perspective of transformation of reason by Hegel.

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REVILL, JOEL. "A PRACTICAL TURN: ELIE HALEVY'S EMBRACE OF POLITICS AND HISTORY." Modern Intellectual History 12, no. 1 (September 25, 2014): 151–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1479244314000389.

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Elie Halévy's legacy is bounded by the two primary objects of his scholarly interest: the history of modern Britain and the study of French socialist doctrines. Taken together, his writings on temperate English politics and occasionally intemperate French socialists cemented his status as a leading French liberal of his generation. Read out of context, the tone of his criticism of wartime socialization and the growth of wartime governments has given him a conservative reputation in some circles and inspired a backlash among historians seeking a more progressive Halévy in his prewar writings. Meanwhile, the depth of his historical study of Britain has elicited several discussions of Halévy's turn from philosophy to history at the end of the 1890s. The portrait of Halévy that emerges in light of his historical studies of England and of French socialism is detailed, accurate, and flattering, but, like any portrait, it is incomplete. Before he was a historian, Halévy was a philosopher, and before he mastered his craft in the early twentieth century, Halévy struggled to find his voice in the late nineteenth.

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Martínez, Julia. "‘Unwanted Scraps’ or ‘An Alert, Resolute, Resentful People’? Chinese Railroad Workers in French Congo." International Labor and Working-Class History 91 (2017): 79–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0147547916000296.

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AbstractIn the late 1920s, the colonial government of French Equatorial Africa decided to employ Chinese workers to complete their railway line. The employment of Chinese indentured labor had already become the subject of considerable international criticism. The Chinese government was concerned that the French could not guarantee worker health and safety and denied their application. However, the recruitment went ahead with the help of the government of French Indochina. This article explores the nature of Chinese worker protest during their time in Africa and their struggle against French notions of what constituted appropriate treatment of so-called “coolie” labor.

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Brandmayr, Federico. "Explanations and excuses in French sociology." European Journal of Social Theory 24, no. 3 (February 3, 2021): 374–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1368431021989269.

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The terrorist attacks that struck France in 2015 had reverberations throughout the country’s intellectual fields. Among the most significant was a widespread polemic that turned around whether sociological explanations of the attacks amounted to excuses and justifications for terrorists. When prominent politicians and pundits made allegations of this nature, sociologists reacted in three main ways: most denied the allegations, others reappropriated the derogatory label of excuse, while others still accepted criticism and called for a reformation of sociology. These epistemological stances can be properly understood only by studying the long history of debates around ‘sociological excuses’ in France and by analysing French sociology as a field of forces and struggles.

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Evans, Beverly J. "The life and afterlife of French WWI songs: National identity then and now." French Cultural Studies 28, no. 2 (April 17, 2017): 141–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0957155817692497.

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Wartime music provides clear testimonial to the importance of melody and text in times of conflict. In the case of the Great War, which introduced the world to weapons of nightmarish capability, carefree popular ballads often stood shoulder to shoulder with sombre lyrics that called attention to the tragedy unfolding in the trenches. The first part of this article surveys the themes of French songs of the WWI era itself, such as ‘Ah! C’est la guerre’, ‘La Madelon’ and ‘La Chanson de Craonne’. The second concentrates on ‘La Madelon’, which underwent numerous transformations in response to events during the interwar years and World War II. The final section explores why the Great War took hold as a focus of French popular music in the late 1950s and continues to assert its presence to this day. A surprising number of contemporary artists have recorded World War I-themed songs, such as ‘La Guerre de 14–18’, ‘Jaurès’, ‘Verdun’, ‘Le No Man’s Land’, ‘Tranchée 1914’ and ‘La Chanson de Craonne’. What cultural phenomena might account for this in addition to the urge to memorialise? Examination of the internal and external forces that continue to fuel the ‘Grand débat sur l’identité nationale’ makes clear why songs of the Great War appeal to a citizenry determined to preserve the values of ‘Frenchness’ in the face of evolving demographics and increasing ‘Europeanisation’.

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Wustefeld, Sophie, and Timothy Scott Johnson. "Maud Mannoni and Piera Aulagnier on Mental Illness and Disability: Parents at the Boundary between Society and Childhood (France, 1960–80)." Psychoanalysis and History 21, no. 2 (August 2019): 193–209. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/pah.2019.0295.

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This article reads Maud Mannoni's The Retarded Child and the Mother (1973) and L'éducation impossible (1973) in the context of French ‘institutional analysis’ in order to nuance criticism of Mannoni's work, particularly the criticism that Mannoni blamed mothers for the conditions of their children. Institutional analysis emerged in France after World War II. Institutional analysts drew from psychotherapy, sociology, and education in order to question power dynamics and the consequences of bureaucracy in their areas of research. Although often overlooked, this movement influenced Mannoni just as much as commonly acknowledged influences like Jacques Lacan and the anti-psychiatry movement. Moreover, connecting the preoccupations of institutional analysis with a more Lacanian approach, the thought of the understudied yet brilliant French psychoanalyst Piera Aulagnier (1923–90) offers crucial insights into the way political and social structures shape individual psyches. Retrieving these influences, we argue that Mannoni did not blame individual mothers for their children's pathologies. Instead, she identified the social and political dimensions of psychopathologies and suggested tackling the roots of psychic diseases in social institutions.

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Niang, Sada, and Belinda E. Jack. "Negritude and Literary Criticism: The History and Theory of "Negro-African" Literature in French." African Studies Review 41, no. 2 (September 1998): 176. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/524847.

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Arnold, A. James, and Belinda Elizabeth Jack. "Negritude and Literary Criticism: The History and Theory of "Negro-African" Literature in French." African American Review 32, no. 2 (1998): 336. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3042131.

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Hargreaves, John. "From Colonisation to Avénement: Henri Brunschwig and the History of Afrique Noire." Journal of African History 31, no. 3 (November 1990): 347–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021853700031121.

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Henri Brunschwig (1904–1989) began his career as a notable historian of Germany but became an influential pioneer of African studies in France, first at the Ecole Nationale de la France d'Outre-Mer (1948–60) and thereafter at the Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes. His own research ranged from Brazza's role in the French occupation of equatorial Africa to the part played by Africans in establishing and sustaining French colonial rule. His lucid and original works of synthesis helped greatly to bring an evolving body of knowledge about the African past into the frame of modern world history. His emphasis both on rigorous standards of source-criticism and on the need for broad horizons in time and space continues to exercise authority over historians in France, Africa, and beyond.

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Kravets, Yarema. "VASYL STEFANYK IN THE FRENCH LINGUAL READING." PRECARPATHIAN BULLETIN OF THE SHEVCHENKO SCIENTIFIC SOCIETY Word, no. 16(63) (August 26, 2022): 323–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.31471/2304-7402-2022-16(63)-323-334.

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French-speaking literary criticism and translation, dedicated to Vasyl Stefanyk, have already more than centenary history. Already in 1912 and 1915 the French reader has known separate novellas of the Ukrainian writer. Since his creative activity has been constantly present in individual Ukrainian monographs which appeared in Swiss, Belgium and France. The most significant publications of the French-speaking Stefanykiana are the book “Croix de pierre” that contained more than 40 writer’s novellas, separate chapters about V. Stefanyk in 12-volume Belgian anthology «Patrimoine littéraire européen» (1993-2000) and Sarcelles’ anthology of the Ukrainian literature of XIth-XXth centuries of NTSH publication in the Western Europe (2004).

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Milosavljevic, Boris. "Bozidar Knezevic (1862-1905): Biography, philosophy, reception and criticism." Theoria, Beograd 60, no. 3 (2017): 155–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/theo1703155m.

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Bozidar Knezevic (1862-1905) was a Serbian philosopher of history. His philosophico-historical system is presented in his two-volume Principles of History (Law of Order [succession] in History, 1898; and Proportion in History, 1901). Knezevic was a proponent of Spencerism, the philosophy of the then most popular philosopher, Herbert Spencer. For Knezevic, history, as a positive science, is actually the real philosophy, and the true goal of history is the brotherhood of humankind: ?it remains for scientific history to bind man to man; history is to bind all peoples and all times, to bring them closer to one another and to reconcile them?. He saw global history as an evolutionary ascent to moral and intellectual unification of humankind. Knezevic?s book of aphorisms (on morality, history, religion etc.) The Thoughts (1902) was very popular. He translated writings of Henry Thomas Buckle, Thomas Carlyle and Thomas Babington Macaulay into Serbian. He translated from French, German and Russian as well. Abridged versions of his writings and selected aphorisms are published in English (History, the Anatomy of Time: The Final Phase of Sunlight, translated by George Vid Tomashevich, Sherwood A. Wakeman, Philosophical Library, New York, 1980).

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Cooper, Austin R. "“A Ray of Sunshine on French Tables”." Historical Studies in the Natural Sciences 49, no. 3 (June 1, 2019): 241–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/hsns.2019.49.3.241.

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The French citrus industry in Algeria grew rapidly in terms of land area and fruit production from the 1930s until Algerian Independence in 1962. This article contends that technical expertise regarding citrus cultivation played a role in colonial control of Algeria’s territory, population, and economy. The French regime enrolled Algerian fruit in biopolitical interventions on rural ways of life in Algeria and urban standards of living in France. Technical manuals written by state-affiliated agronomists articulated racial distinctions between French settlers and Algerian peasants through attention to labor practices in the groves. A complex legal, technological, and administrative infrastructure facilitated the circulation of citrus fruit across the Mediterranean and into metropolitan France. This nexus of scientific research, economic profit, and racial hierarchy met criticism during the Algerian War for Independence. In the aftermath, expert discussions about citrus production reflected uncertainties and tensions regarding Algeria’s future. Citrus’ place in scientific, technological, and economic changes in twentieth-century Algeria illuminates the politics of technical expertise under colonialism and during decolonization.

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Green, Alison. "‘A Supreme Fiction’: Michael Fried and Art Criticism." Journal of Visual Culture 16, no. 1 (April 2017): 89–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1470412917700931.

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One of the striking aspects of the trenchant legacy of Michael Fried’s ‘Art and Objecthood’ is its status as a piece of art criticism. Widely perceived as difficult and personal, philosophical and explicatory, doxa or sermon, the essay stands out. To explore its singularity, this article compares Fried’s conception of the period criticism of 18th-century French painting in his book Absorption and Theatricality: Painting and Beholder in the Age of Diderot (1980) and the method of criticism enacted in ‘Art and Objecthood’ (1967) which he saw as connected. The author pursues this and other crossings between Fried’s art historical writings and art criticism, tracking it to an extended endnote in Fried’s Menzel’s Realism: Art and Embodiment in Nineteenth-Century Berlin (2002). ‘Art and Objecthood’ is a key essay in this story aimed at Fried’s thinking about criticism, its history, theory and practice. Doing this matters because it puts the critic in a particular relation to art and to Fried’s idea of an ‘ontologically prior relationship between painting and the beholder’.

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Gashkov, Sergei Aleksandrovich. "Subject and history: reasoning of Castoriadis on modernity in the context of this philosophical polemics (Heidegger, Ricoeur, Habermas)." Философская мысль, no. 3 (March 2020): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.25136/2409-8728.2020.3.32349.

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The subject of this research is the historical-philosophical and polemical context of philosophical reasoning on the history of French philosopher of Greek descent Cornelius Castoriadis (1922-1997). The philosopher builds a complicated polemical model that vividly responses to all attempts to determines society, being, history, and a human. Even such prominent philosophers of the XX century, such as M. Heidegger, J. Habermas. And P. Ricoeur, who do not show prejudice attitude towards philosophical knowledge, become subjected to critical analysis. The scientific novelty consists in attracting the new to the Russian audience historical-philosophical material, as well as a distinct attempt to reproduce of such polemics and debated that took place within the French intellectual environment of the late XX century. However, the author did not pursue the task of historical and biobibliographical description; the emphasis was made on the so-called return to the origins of the philosophy of history, revival of philosophical reasoning on history based on the examined material, demonstration of the complicated, aporetic, heterogeneous and heuristic nature of relationship between philosophy, humanities and social disciplines. The conclusion is made that the work of Castoriadis mostly represents philosophical criticism of theoretical grounds of humanities and social disciplines, rather than a poststructuralist philosophy of history; but this criticism, studied in the context of philosophical thought, acquires an independent scientific meaning.

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Rothschild, Emma. "Condorcet and the conflict of values." Historical Journal 39, no. 3 (September 1996): 677–701. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0018246x00024493.

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ABSTRACTCondorcet has been seen since the 1790s as the embodiment of the cold, rational Enlightenment. The paper explores his writings on economic policy, voting, and public instruction, and suggests different views both of Condorcet and of the Enlightenment. Condorcet was concerned with individual diversity; he was opposed to proto-utilitarian theories; he considered individual independence, which he described as the characteristic liberty of the moderns, to be of central political importance; and he opposed the imposition of universal and eternal principles. His efforts to reconcile the universality of some values with the diversity of individual opinions are of continuing interest. He emphasizes the institutions of civilized or constitutional conflict, recognizes conflicts or inconsistencies within individuals, and sees moral sentiments as the foundation of universal values. His difficulties call into question some familiar distinctions, for example between French, German, and English/Scottish thought, and between the Enlightenment and the ‘counter-Enlightenment’. There is substantial continuity, it is suggested, between Condorcet's criticism of the economic ideas of the 1760s (of Tocqueville's ‘first’ French revolution) and the liberal thought of the early nineteenth century.

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Bann, Stephen. "Two Kinds of Historicism: Resurrection and Restoration in French Historical Painting." Journal of the Philosophy of History 4, no. 2 (2010): 154–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/187226310x509501.

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AbstractThe historicist approach is rarely challenged by art historians, who draw a clear distinction between art history and the present-centred pursuit of art criticism. The notion of the ‘period eye’ offers a relevant methodology. Bearing this in mind, I examine the nineteenth-century phase in the development of history painting, when artists started to take trouble over the accuracy of historical detail, instead of repeating conventions for portraying classical and biblical subjects. This created an unprecedented situation at the Paris Salon, where such representations of history could be experienced as a collective ‘dream-work’, in Freud’s sense. In France, this new pictorial language dates back to the aftermath of the Revolution, and the activities of the ‘Lyon School’. Two artists, Richard and Révoil, were its leading proponents. However their initial closeness has obscured the differences in their approach to the past. Substituting for Freud’s ‘condensation’ and ‘displacement’ the concepts of ‘Resurrection’ and ‘Restoration’, I analyse the pictorial language of the two painters, taking two works as examples. The conclusion is that Révoil, also a collector, was a precursor of the historical museum, which convinces through accumulating objects. Richard, however, employs technical and rhetorical devices to evoke empathetic reactions, and anticipates the illusionism of cinema.

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Kaźmierczak, Janusz. "The Community That Never Was: The European Defense Community and Its Image in Polish Visual Propaganda of the 1950s." Journal of Cold War Studies 11, no. 4 (October 2009): 118–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jcws.2009.11.4.118.

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Communist propaganda was sharply critical of all integration attempts made in Western Europe. In numerous political posters and cartoons published in Poland, the brunt of the criticism was borne by the European Defense Community (EDC) from October 1950, when the idea of military integration was first proposed by French Prime Minister René Pleven, until August 1954, when a vote in the French National Assembly effectively killed the project. Through a contextualized discussion of selected posters and cartoons, which are reproduced in the text, this article relates Polish visual anti-EDC propaganda to aspects of Communist ideology, Soviet geostrategic interests, and Polish domestic politics and shows how the propaganda was intended to help the Communist authorities achieve specific goals.

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Novella, Enric J. "Alexandre Brierre de Boismont and the limits of the psychopathological gaze." History of the Human Sciences 31, no. 3 (May 27, 2018): 41–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0952695118768375.

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One of the most remarkable implications of psychological medicine in the transition from the 18th to the 19th century was the advent of a new way of looking at the human being and new tools for analysing not only behaviour and individual experience, but also historical events, collective behavioural patterns or complex cultural achievements. Unsurprisingly, the deployment of this gaze could not advance without there being a series of disputes and controversies about its reach and the limits to its indiscriminate application. Focusing on the figure of French alienist Alexandre Brierre de Boismont and on the controversial cases of hallucinations and suicide, this article addresses the conflicts generated by the use of certain emblematic concepts and categories present in French psychological medicine throughout the central decades of the 19th-century, as well as the essentially ambivalent relationship of the psychopathological point of view with the criticism of a culture that was made responsible, then, as now, for a great number of psychological disorders and illnesses.

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Emerson, Catherine. "Reading and Writing History in Sixteenth-Century France: The Case of La Legende des Flamens (1522)." Irish Journal of French Studies 16, no. 1 (December 1, 2016): 59–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.7173/164913316820201616.

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A rare copy of a first edition of La Légende des Flamens, now in Trinity College Dublin, reveals a number of facts about its position in that library, probably a mid-nineteenth-century acquisition but acquired in the context of existing similar holdings of medieval and early modern French historical writings. Unlike these writings, however, the text takes an explicitly anti-Flemish and pro-French royalist stance. Criticism levelled at the two most recently deceased popes — or at the English — may explain why the author has decided to remain anonymous, or the text may have been conceived as a compilation of documentary sources without need for an author. This article examines the way that the text deploys sources, including a lost work by Giles of Rome, and draws some conclusions about the situation of the author of the text. Publisher François Regnault is considered as a possible author.

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Markov, Alexander V. "Textual Criticism of Ostrovsky’s Translations from Latin. Part 1: Terence’s Hecyra and the French Intermediary Translation." Two centuries of the Russian classics 3, no. 4 (2021): 146–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.22455/2686-7494-2021-3-4-146-163.

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Ostrovsky’s translations of the works of Plautus, Terence, and Seneca, preserved in incomplete drafts, attend to the textual criticism related both to the principles of the work and to its aims. The example of the translation of Terence’s Hecyra in comparison with the earlier translation of Plautus’ Asinaria proves the evolution of Ostrovsky’s translation principles. While Plautus was translated without recourse to an intermediary translation, Terence was translated from the popular bilingual edition, and the translator turned to a French translation in difficult cases. The article explains how Ostrovsky worked further with passages translated from the French or with reference to the French text, in which cases, on the contrary, he translated from the Latin without reference to the French translation, and this course of initial work determined the order of further editing of the rough translation. The self-editing went in the direction of both greater accuracy and expressiveness, which in the case of using an intermediary translation proved to be a clearly contradictory task. Reconstructing the history of the text in light of the identified source of the translation allows us to clarify a number of manuscript readings, to identify the pencil edits as belonging highly likely to Ostrovsky himself, contrary to the opinion of the first publisher of the translation, and to raise the issue of the stage intention of the translation.

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Kantoříková, Jana. "Melancholy, Hanuš Jelínek and Miloš Marten." Acta Musei Nationalis Pragae – Historia litterarum 61, no. 1-2 (2016): 77–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/amnpsc-2017-0022.

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The aim of this article is to present the roles of Miloš Marten (1883–1917) in the Czech–French cultural events of the first decade of the 20th century in the background of his contacts with Hanuš Jelínek (1878–1944). The first part of the article deals with Marten’s artistic and life experience during his stays in Paris (1907–1908). The consequences of those two stays to the artist’s life and work will be accentuated. The second part takes a close look at Miloš Marten’s critique of Hanuš Jelínek’s doctoral thesis Melancholics. Studies from the History of Sensibility in French Literature. To interpretate Marten’s reasons for such a negative criticism is our main pursued objective. Such criticism results not only from the rivality between Czech critics oriented to France, but also from different conceptions of the role of critical method and the role of the critic and the artist in the international cultural politics. The third part concludes with the critics’ „reconciliation‟ around 1913 by means of the common interest in the work and personality of Paul Claudel.

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Rodriguez, Antonio. "État de la critique du lyrique en français." POEMA 1, no. 1 (January 2023): 53–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.38072/2751-9821/p5.

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This article aims to shape a panorama of French lyric studies since the 2010s. While several points of view could be considered, the approach is here resolutely oriented towards the growing interest in new lyric objects, often intermedial ones: performances, but also multimedia or digital works. This trend, associated with gender and postcolonial theories, highlights a diverse production and interaction beyond the model of silent reading. Such approaches are complementary to traditions of lyric enunciation and history of poetry, which were the academic strong points of French criticism in the 1990s and the 2000s, but which also produced a few aporias, now well debated.

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JONES-KATZ, GREGORY. "“THE BRIDES OF DECONSTRUCTION AND CRITICISM” AND THE TRANSFORMATION OF FEMINISM IN THE NORTH AMERICAN ACADEMY." Modern Intellectual History 17, no. 2 (June 28, 2018): 413–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1479244318000318.

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“The Brides of Deconstruction and Criticism,” an informal group of feminist literary critics active at Yale University during the 1970s, were inspired by second-wave feminist curriculum, activities, and thought, as well as by the politics of the women's and gay liberation movements, in their effort to intervene into patterns of female effacement and marginalization. By the early 1980s, while helping direct deconstructive reading away from the self-subversiveness of French and English prose and poetry, the Brides made groundbreaking contributions to—and in several cases founded—fields of scholarly inquiry. During the late 1980s, these feminist deconstructionists, having overcome resistance from within Yale's English Department and elsewhere, used their works as social and political acts to help pave the way for the successes of cultural studies in the North American academy. Far from a supplément to what Barbara Johnson boldly called the “Male School,” the Brides of Deconstruction and Criticism arguably were the Yale school. Examining the distinct but interrelated projects of Yale's feminist deconstructive moment and how local and contingent events as well as the national climate, rather than the importation of so-called French theory, informed this moment gives us a clearer rendering of the story of deconstruction.

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Galvez-Behar, Gabriel. "The Patent System during the French Industrial Revolution: Institutional Change and Economic Effects." Jahrbuch für Wirtschaftsgeschichte / Economic History Yearbook 60, no. 1 (May 27, 2019): 31–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jbwg-2019-0003.

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Abstract The influence of the patent system on the economic performance of Western countries during the Industrial Revolution is an important but difficult question to address. With the United Kingdom and the United States, France was one of the first countries to adopt a modern patent legislation in 1791. The aim of this paper is to understand the paradox of such a system, which was based on a democratic and natural-right conception of invention but turned out to be restrictive. It analyses the legal framework and its evolution from 1791 to the late 1850s and reveals its contradictory aspects: a natural right inspiration vs a restrictive access due to the cost of the patent. It shows how the 1844 Patent Act reform did not end the criticism of the French patent system. Then, in a second part, it considers the diffusion of patents in time, in different regions and industries and stresses the heterogeneity of the patent system.

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Faucher, Charlotte. "Women, Gender and the Professionalisation of French Cultural Diplomacy in Britain, 1900–1940." English Historical Review 136, no. 583 (December 1, 2021): 1513–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ehr/ceac002.

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Abstract This article traces the evolution of French cultural diplomacy in Britain from the early twentieth century to the end of the inter-war period; it argues that this field of international relations could not have developed at this time without the intervention of a handful of determined women who undertook activities outside official diplomatic circles. In the first decades of the twentieth century, these women designed cultural strategies and ran institutions that aimed to promote positive images of France in Britain at a time when strong Franco-British relations formed a cornerstone of French diplomatic strategies against mounting German geopolitical ambitions. However, none of these women enjoyed diplomatic status and many were subject to gender-based criticism on the part of official male diplomats. After the First World War, processes of professionalisation made it extremely difficult for the women who had shaped cultural diplomacy in an unofficial capacity to continue acting at the fore of this field, all the more so as they were forbidden at the time to take the entrance exam of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. The inter-war professionalisation of diplomacy, however, did not lead to the complete exclusion of women. This article argues that, on the one hand, professionalisation carved out official spaces for women who abided by the criteria outlined by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs; on the other hand, the non-state nature of much of inter-war cultural diplomacy meant that some women could continue to pursue cultural diplomatic strategies as part of unofficial networks of diplomacy.

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Touya de Marenne, Éric. "Political Ramifications of Covid-19." French Politics, Culture & Society 40, no. 2 (June 1, 2022): 11–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/fpcs.2022.400202.

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The article examines how the current Covid-19 crisis in France crosses into existing socio-economic, political, and existential crises faced by the nation in recent years. It considers the pandemic’s impact in the context of the criticism that the French government response provoked in opposition parties regarding its preparedness and strategies. Beyond the multiple budget cuts that have affected the health-care system in France in recent years, and significantly lessen, according to critiques, the country’s ability to tackle Covid-19, a growing number of French people link the failure of their government and the rise of violence in society to France’s growing dependence on the EU and the decline of French sovereignty in a globalized world. The pandemic’s impact is measured through the prism of the current socio-economic crisis, triggered by months of confinements and curfews; the rise of unemployment and populism; and what it could mean for the future of democracy.

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Van Cleave, Kendra. "Contextualizing Wertmüller's 1785 Portrait of Marie-Antoinette through Dress." Costume 54, no. 1 (March 2020): 56–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/cost.2020.0143.

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Wertmüller's 1785 portrait of French Queen Marie-Antoinette was a disappointment when first exhibited, a reaction partially explained by the conflicting associations surrounding the Queen's dress. This article examines the gown worn by Marie-Antoinette in the portrait — a robe à la turque — and its wider context in 1770s–1780s France. The gown, which was probably a real garment, corresponds to contemporary fashion plates and extant garments of the same style, whose distinct cuts demonstrate their connection to Turkish dress. The style's fashionability and formality is considered, as well as its role in the Queen's wardrobe and reputation. The turque joined other Ottoman-inspired French fashions in aligning with the Enlightenment ideas about simplified, unostentatious dressing that Marie-Antoinette embraced. However, the turque opened the Queen to criticism based on its fashionability, as well as connections between Ottoman dress, luxury and eroticism.

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Hajek, Kim M. "Félida, doubled personality, and the ‘normal state’ in late 19th-century French psychology." History of the Human Sciences 34, no. 2 (January 21, 2021): 66–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0952695120980648.

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The case of Félida X and her ‘doubled personality’ served in the last quarter of the 19th century as a proving ground for a distinctively French form of psychology that bore the stamp of physiology, including the comparative term normal state. Debates around Félida’s case provided the occasion for reflection about how that term and its opposites could take their places in the emerging discursive field of psychopathology. This article centres its analysis on Eugène Azam’s 1876–77 study of Félida, and the ways his framing of the case was adopted or critiqued by subsequent researchers. Azam initially deployed the label normal state in a routine manner, in contrast to his use of condition seconde to designate Félida’s other state; this pairing served, I argue, to anchor the scientific legitimacy of Félida’s extraordinary psychological manifestations. Unpacking the conceptual associations of Azam’s use of normal state, we find it marked as qualitatively distinct, temporally fixed, and most of all individualized; this without becoming normative. It was only through responses to and criticism of Azam’s study that there emerged a more generalized sense of normality against which pathological (hysteric) subjects’ comportment could be contrasted. Félida’s case itself constitutes a highly individualized reconfiguration of the concept of a normal state, while the subsequent framing of doubled mental states provides a valuable vantage point from which to consider the articulations between the language of emerging French psychology and its evolving subjects of enquiry.

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Linden-Ward, Blanche. "Putting the Past under Grass: History as Death and Cemetery Commemoration." Prospects 10 (October 1985): 279–314. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0361233300004130.

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“Our age is retrospective,” Emerson observed in 1836. “It builds the sepulchres of the fathers. It writes biographies, histories, and criticism.” Emerson identified a phenomenon far greater than the literary production of the New England Renaissance. He put his finger on an attitude toward the past that was quite new, yet was imitative rather than provincial and idiosyncratic. The Americans of Emerson's time developed a commemorative consciousness similar to that of the English and French. Following revolutions, all three nations attempted to redefine their pasts in material as well as literary terms. Inspired by Enlightenment philosophy, they considered the processes of nature metaphors for history, and they looked to the Arcadian periods of classical civilizations for precedents of the balanced blending of Art and Nature indicative of a certain sense of the past not associated with their own medieval histories.

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Krotov, Artem A. "The Method of Search and Analysis of Oppositions as the Basis of Historical Systematization of Philosophy (about the Concept of Charles Renouvier)." History of Philosophy 27, no. 2 (November 10, 2022): 5–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.21146/2074-5869-2022-27-2-5-15.

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The article analyzes the features of understanding of the history of philosophical process by the leading representative of French Neo-Kantianism. The binary scheme, thoroughly substantiated by Renоuvier in the “Sketch of the Systematic Classification of Philosophical Doctrines”, was a certain result of his previous creative way. In the “Textbook of Philosophy of the New Age”, he, highlighting the pantheism–idealism dilemma, expresses his sympathies for eclecticism. In the “Textbook of Ancient Philosophy”, he advocates giving philosophy a scientific character by combining the laws of reason and history. In “Experiences of General Criticism” he builds a system of neo-criticism, identifying phenomena with reality. Finally, the “Sketch” presents an attempt at an objective consideration of the history of philosophy. Renоuvier identifies six oppositions passing through the entire history of thought (thing–consciousness, infinite–finite, evolution–creation, necessity–freedom, happiness–duty, evidence–belief). The strength of his method is the desire to make a choice between opposing trends, taking into account intellectual motives, passions, practical inducements of varying degrees of community. But both elements of reductionism and unfounded optimism about the lack of influence of all kinds of systems on his own constructions are present in his approach.

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de Saussure, Annie. "From Maoism to littérature-monde: Michel Le Bris and the Breton origins of world literature in French." French Cultural Studies 31, no. 2 (May 2020): 124–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0957155820910857.

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Since the publication of the 2007 manifesto ‘Pour une littérature-monde en français’, scholars have questioned whether or not the initially inflammatory concept of littérature-monde has produced a meaningful legacy. This article re-examines the controversies which the manifesto provoked by focusing on the intellectual career of one of its principal authors: Michel Le Bris. Scholarly criticism has largely overlooked the fact that Le Bris’s involvement in the littérature-monde project is an extension of his previous involvement with Maoism and his identity as a Breton author. The manifesto can be read as Le Bris’s response to the political and cultural crises of his time which he previously addressed through activism and cultural entrepreneurship. Though Le Bris’s own defence of the manifesto is flawed and problematic, a better understanding of the context from which it originated raises important questions when considering the role of regional and minority literatures in the global age.

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López-Lázaro, Fabio. "“No Deceit Safe in Its Hiding Place”: The Criminal Trial in Eighteenth-Century Spain." Law and History Review 20, no. 3 (2002): 449–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1556316.

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The least understood aspect of the punishment of crime in pre-nineteenth-century Spanish society is trial procedure. This is not surprising. Our misapprehensions and misinterpretations of the past are principally the product of eighteenth-century reality being sieved through an uncritical acceptance of nineteenth-century political criticism. The West inherits much of its modern paradigm from the Spain of 1808 to 1834, from Romantic images of Goya as the enlightened individual fighting obscurantism to portrayals of heroic guerrilla patriots seeking to wrest political reform from a reactionary central government. It also inherits, although less consciously, the political rubrics of liberal and conservative (and absolutist) from nationalist polemics during the 1808–1814 French occupation. When looking back half a century later, Spaniards wanted to distinguish themselves clearly from the past.

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Yanpol’skaya, Yana G. "EMERGING FROM QUARANTINE. THE NIGHT OF THE INTELLECTUALS." RSUH/RGGU Bulletin. Series Philosophy. Social Studies. Art Studies, no. 2 (2022): 23–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.28995/2073-6401-2022-3-23-39.

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The article deals with the pandemic as an episode of intellectual history and a situation of reflection against the background of the “death of an intellectual”. The author proposes to question the very conditions of the possibility for philosophy’s response to the challenge of this or that current crisis in principle and the coronavirus pandemic in particular. The question is closely related to the phenomenon of the Intellectual, the crisis of which was announced by French researchers about forty years ago. Today one can talk about the simulation of its role and place in modern “reactions”, about the objective historical impossibility of reviving this figure and its inherent form of expression. The issue is considered based on the material of French intellectual history and criticism of the “media intellectual”. The starting point of the analysis is the political crisis in France in 2019, which falsely revived the forgotten structure of “intellectuals and power”. The author of the article draws attention to the similarity of the intellectual “calm” (reflexive inertia) of 1941 and 2021, suggesting to recall those forms of reflection that were involved by A. Malraux, J.-P. Sartre, J. Paulhan, M. Merleau-Ponty. The “reactions” of certain French intellectuals caused by the coronavirus crisis – E. Moren, R. Debray, J.-L. Nancy, B. Latour – reproduced in the article in the light of the interpretation of the pandemic as a “reductive situation” (M. Mamardashvily) with its inherent moralizing and neo-mania (R. Barthes). The author finds it problematic to appeal to criticism in the face of the “terror of the event” (M. Merleau-Ponty). Intellectuals themselves are a rare extinct phenomenon, which is important to consider in anticipation of their “response” in the face of the threat of a pandemic

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Hirai, Hiro. "Alter Galenus: Jean Fernel et son interprétation plantonico-chrétienne de Galien." Early Science and Medicine 10, no. 1 (2005): 1–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1573382053123539.

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AbstractInspired by Christian Platonism as developed in the late fifteenth-century Florentine milieu, the French physician Jean Fernel proposed a particular interpretation of Galen in a medico-philosophical work entitled On the Hidden Causes of Things (Paris, 1548). With this interpretation, he responded to the serious and urgent need for a reconciliation of the newly reconstituted Galen of Renaissance humanism with Christian faith. The present study examines Fernel's strategy and method in constructing this singular Galenic body of doctrine, special attention being given to the roles attributed to the Creator, the formative force, and the soul. Subsequently, an analysis of the notions of spirit and of its innate heat as indispensable instruments of Fernel's physiology will uncover the very target of his criticism of materialism.

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Langbehn, Volker. "Ferdinand Oyono's Flüchtige Spur Tundi Ondua and Germany's Cameroon." PMLA/Publications of the Modern Language Association of America 128, no. 1 (January 2013): 142–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1632/pmla.2013.128.1.142.

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Almost anyone who reads ferdinand oyono's une vie de boy (1956) in any language will conclude that the novel focuses on French colonialism. But is it only about colonialism by the French? An analysis of the many German resonances throughout the text—as well as an engagement with the German translation of Une vie de boy—suggests that it is about much more. Oyono's Une vie de boy enables the reader to reflect on Europan colonialism more broadly beyond the role of France. The novel offers a lens onto Germany's colonial history because Cameroon was a former colonial “protectorate” of the German empire. This historical context, therefore, places Une vie de boy in both national and transnational contexts. While my reading addresses possible connections or similarities between French and German colonialism, the publication in German itself adds an important layer to the understanding of Une vie de boy in Germany. In consideration of the political activism of the novel's German publisher, Johann (Hans) Fladung (1898-1982), the publication of Oyono's novel can be read as a criticism of German historiography in the 1950s, which frequently avoided Germany's colonial history, a history that has been linked with the crimes of the Holocaust (Zimmerer).

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FURNÉE, JAN HEIN. "‘Le bon public de la Haye’. Local governance and the audience in the French opera in The Hague, 1820–1890." Urban History 40, no. 4 (May 1, 2013): 625–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0963926813000199.

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ABSTRACT:In nineteenth-century The Hague, the French opera performances in the Royal Theatre were the most important occasions during the winter season at which men and women from almost all social ranks experienced a strong sense of social cohesion in a common leisure pursuit, albeit one in which social hierarchies were clearly demarcated. This article analyses the changing social composition of the opera audience through analysis of subscription and admission records, and evaluates the changing composition of the audience in relation to changes in taste, theatre architecture and policy. Although it was almost impossible to exploit financially and was also a constant object of political, musical and moral criticism, the French opera succeeded in maintaining its central position in The Hague's musical and social life throughout the nineteenth century.

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Stanovaïa, Lydia A. "Old French nominal declension – reality or illusion?" Theoretical and Applied Linguistics, no. 4 (2021): 112–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.22250/2410-7190_2021_7_4_112_134.

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The article examines the Old French nominal declension theory, which, despite criticism and convincing against arguments, remains a postulate of the French language history. This study aims to verify the theory based on comparison and critical analysis of arguments and facts obtained from the history of French during 200 years of empirical research. The analysis showed that the opinion about the declension reality is based on variable graphic forms with -s / without -s present in the 9–15th c. French manuscripts unreasonably identified as grammatical and treated as case forms. All deviations from the formulated by Fr. Raynouard's «s rules» are considered «errors» resulting from the progressive destruction of declension in French dialects during the 11–15th c. The illusory nature of the declension, first mentioned by Fr. Guessard and Fr. Génin, was confirmed by empirical studies of the 20–21th c. The article presents the following evidence of the absence of the Old French declension as a valid grammatical system: zero functional significance of case forms and declension in general, the absence of grammatical forms of the direct case regularly expressing the grammatical meaning of the direct case and opposed to the corresponding forms of the indirect case in language and speech, limitation and lacunarity of declension, covering a small part of nouns, adjectives, articles, etc., the absence of regular types and paradigms of declension, no clear boundaries between «declinable» and «non-declinable» names, up to 100% of «errors in declension». The variability of graphic forms with -s / without -s observed in French manuscripts is a purely graphic phenomenon associated with different scriptural standards (analogical or etymological type of graphic design of the name). The presence of manuscripts made in the same dialect zone, but differing in the type of graphic design disproves the dialect theory of declension.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Ballads, French History and criticism'

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