Relevant bibliographies by topics / Balconi

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Academic literature on the topic 'Balconi'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 10 March 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Balconi"

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Gábrová, Lenka. "Design of Balcony from the Point of View of Daylighting." Advanced Materials Research 899 (February 2014): 298–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.899.298.

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Balconies are horizontal overhanging structures whose main function is a connection between interior and exterior space. Moreover, they increase an area of a room and they also can have a presentable, architectural and aesthetic purpose. There are a lot of requirements on the balconies, for example the requirements on static properties, thermal bridges, railings or fire safety. From the point of view of building physics, we can consider the balcony as the fixed shading construction which can reduce overheating in a shaded room during the summer but on the other hand the balcony can influence visual comfort in the room in a negative way. This article presents a comparison and an evaluation of the daylight factor in the rooms which are shaded by balconies. The influence of the balconies on the daylight factor is assessed in dependence on a length of the balcony (a balcony overhang) and dimensions of the room which the balcony shades.
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Lin, Jin-Ann. "Enclosed Balconies: Complicity Between Builders and Users of Taipei Walkups." Open House International 40, no. 3 (September 1, 2015): 11–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ohi-03-2015-b0003.

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The balcony, an integral element in modernist housing, can be found in almost every Taipei apartment building. Even so, in Taipei most balconies have been enclosed by users of all social classes. This paper looks into the historical context of the enclosed balcony by arguing that the identity and origins of the Taipei balcony are inseparable from the 1960s birth of a modernist housing type—the Taipei walkup. Balcony provision, governed by building codes inherited from a colonial past, has been incorporated into the system of speculative market housing. For builders, balconies are profitable floor areas that can be promoted as a symbol of modern living; for users, balconies are additional floor space that can be transformed into interior spaces. However, owing to the threefold combination of initial unfamiliarity of apartment buildings, underinvestment in the urban environment, and dire political circumstances, it is the balcony which has borne the brunt of the underdeveloped relationship between public and private life. In the context of this new housing type, the practice of enclosing balconies arose through the complicity of builders and users.
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Ribeiro, Catarina, Nuno M. M. Ramos, and Inês Flores-Colen. "A Review of Balcony Impacts on the Indoor Environmental Quality of Dwellings." Sustainability 12, no. 16 (August 11, 2020): 6453. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12166453.

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Balconies are an ancient architectural archetype that are being increasingly considered in multi-family buildings of high-density cities. This paper aims to provide a comprehensive review of the impacts of balcony types on the indoor environmental quality (IEQ) and energy consumption of dwellings. Of the reviewed studies, 69% were published during the last decade, making it evident that awareness of the positive impact of balcony spaces is continuously increasing. The literature review allowed us to identify three balcony spaces according to their morphology and their boundary system: open balcony (OB), glazed balcony (GB), and eliminate balcony (EB). It was concluded that these balcony types produce relevant impacts in four factors that contribute to the indoor environmental quality: thermal comfort, indoor air quality, visual comfort, and acoustic comfort. Practical design recommendations and constraints were provided according to distinct climatic conditions and building technologies. This review also explored the assessment methodologies used for the optimization of the balconies on the design process. The literature highlighted the lack of a comprehensive study about the impact of balconies in mild and Mediterranean climates, as well as the knowledge limitations concerning the balance between the impacts on IEQ factors.
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Catalina, Tiberiu, Daniel Bortis, Andreea Vartires, and Cătălin Lungu. "Glazed balconies impact on energy consumption of multi-story buildings." E3S Web of Conferences 111 (2019): 06079. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201911106079.

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Through this research we have studied the influence of the closure of the balconies on the temperature and humidity. Three residential apartments with enclosed balconies are monitored simultaneously over two periods: a colder one in March and a warmer one in May providing an overview of the thermal performance of a balcony relative to the interior. The results of the balcony#1 simulations made with the Trnsys 17 software show a good energy saving in the cold period, but higher cooling consumption in warm weather.The total energy demand difference between closed and open balconies is about 840 kWh. The simulation also showed us the close connection between the temperature in the balcony and the solar radiation that both grow and decrease simultaneously. At the end of the two campaigns, we came to the conclusion that a closed and thermally rehabilitated balcony is the best solution, being proven to have a winter advantage, the difference between the outdoor temperature and the balcony temperature being around 15 °C, but a summer disadvantage when temperatures in the balcony greatly increase and may exceed 50 °C, with the risk of overheating the balcony.
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Biancardo, S. A., M. Intignano, R. Veropalumbo, R. Martinelli, V. Calvanese, F. Autelitano, E. Garilli, F. Giuliani, and G. Dell'Acqua. "BIM approach for stone pavements in Archaeological Sites: The case study of Vicolo dei Balconi of Pompeii." Transportation Research Interdisciplinary Perspectives 17 (January 2023): 100755. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.trip.2023.100755.

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PETRENKO-LYSAK, ALLA, and TINA POLEK. "Balcony space: anthropological and sociological study." Sociology: Theory, Methods, Marketing, Stmm. 2021 (2) (July 12, 2021): 136–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/sociology2021.02.136.

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Architectural elements and everyday practices of interaction of citizens with them are an integral part of the image and space of the city. That is why the analysis of the balcony as a social item requires its consideration precisely as a phenomenon in the multitude of its interrelationships with the urban space and the exploration practices. The article presents the anthropological and sociological characteristics of the urban balcony culture not as an architectural component, but in the focus of the everyday functions of their use and re-exploration. The word "balcony" is chosen to denote various types of balcony-like spatial forms, including loggias, small attics, bay windows, etc., because the "classic" balcony in Ukrainian mass construction is the most common. There is an outlined range of reasons that make the residents of Ukrainian cities fix a rather recognizable, so-called «domestic» look behind their balconies, thus creating authentic signs of modern Ukrainian cities. Based on the experience we have learned, we have proposed solutions to such an urban planning problem as the re-exploration and glazing of open balconies in the form of two strategies — pressure and encouragement. The presented theoretical and applied study concerns primarily the post-Soviet Ukrainian balconies. The research is mainly based on Kyiv materials, but the described tendencies are typical for most Ukrainian cities, regardless of their size and geographic location. A note on terminology: this text uses the word «balcony» for all types of spatial forms (rooms), including loggias and small attics, bay windows, etc. We realize that there are differences between these architectural elements, however, for convenience, and also because of the fact that the so-called «original» balcony is the most common in Ukrainian mass development, so the word «balcony» is used there as a generalizing term.
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Boukarta, Soufiane. "Exploring the impact of balconies on cooling energy demand in an arid climate zone." Selected Scientific Papers - Journal of Civil Engineering 16, no. 2 (December 1, 2021): 25–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/sspjce-2021-0014.

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Abstract This paper explores the impact of balconies on the energy demand required for cooling in the arid climate zone of the city of Adrar, in Algeria. For the purpose to assess several situations of the balconies, we have chosen a parametric method based on a campaign of thermal simulations. The open and eliminated balcony type were selected and characterized by four parameters: the balcony to room ratio, the orientation, the window type, and the balcony position. A set of 100 simulations was selected randomly based on the Monte-Carlo probability technique. The final sample was corrected based on Cook’s distance which gave 85 simulations as a final sample size. A generalized regression model was performed to identify the impact of each parameter. The accuracy of the model is above 97% and the sensitivity analysis shows that the most important factor is the balcony to room ratio which could reduce the energy demand up to 26% followed by the window type (24%), the orientation (8%) and the balcony position (5%). This conclusion stresses the idea of considering the balcony as a passive solution to reduce the cooling energy demand.
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Putri, Felicia, Danny Santoso Mintorogo, and Jimmy Nurdi Kusuma Priatman. "BALCONY GEOMETRIES PERFORMANCE AS WINDCARRIERS INTO LIVING SPACE ; CASE STUDY: APARNA SIWALANKERTO." DIMENSI (Journal of Architecture and Built Environment) 49, no. 1 (July 28, 2022): 31–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.9744/dimensi.49.1.31-42.

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In majority, housing flats use natural ventilation to cope with humid tropical climate in Indonesia, which requires airflow to achieve thermal comfort. One of the potential architectural element in delivering air into the living space of vertical buildings is balcony. But in reality, balconies in Indonesian housing flats are only functioning as façades, and have not optimized their potential as windcarriers, which partially cause air discomfort in living space. This study examines the performance of balcony geometries as windcarriers into living space through simulation by Ansys Workbench CFX 2021 on Aparna Siwalankerto as a case study. It was found that balcony with more well-ordered wind receiving planes could carry wind into the living space best, in terms of both speed and distribution, as such in this study was the symmetric pentagonal balcony. Still, between the two aspects, wind distribution determines balconies performance, rather than wind speed.
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Chan, T. M., and W. M. To. "Modelling of Scattering from Balcony Fronts." Building Acoustics 9, no. 3 (September 2002): 219–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1260/135101002320815684.

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Balconies are normally used in large auditoria such as concert halls or opera houses, to increase seating capacity or to give better view for a distinguished group of the audience. When ray-tracing based computer models are applied to study the acoustical quality of these auditoria, the alteration of the sound field due to balcony fronts is normally unobservable, because of the relative small size of the balcony fronts in the auditorium. Furthermore, most diffuse reflection ray-tracing methods are not based on direct wave acoustics but on an approximation of the scattering effect. In practice, experience shows that balcony fronts give additional warmth to music. This effect is more prominent when singers perform in traditional horseshoe shaped opera houses with multi-levels balconies. This paper describes modelling of scattering from balcony fronts using a theoretical wave approach, in which the incident wave front is not plane but spherical. A computer simulation illustrates the scattering of sound that takes place when the wavefront impinges on the surface of the balcony fronts.
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Zhang, Li Xi, Shi Yuan Gao, Qing Yuan He, and He Fei Zhang. "Analysis of Collected Heat by Solar Collectors Fixed on the Outside Wall of Balcony." Advanced Materials Research 219-220 (March 2011): 633–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.219-220.633.

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It is studied the collected heat by collectors fixed on the outside wall of balconies when the shape and direction of balconies, and inclination angle of collectors are changed. Total heat collected by three walls of the rectangle balcony toward southeast or southwest is more than the one collected under other conditions. Total heat collected by rectangle balcony toward south would be increased when the inclination angles β of collectors are reduced. As β=70°, and the collectors were installed only on the south wall, to make water temperature above 60 °C in 150 L tank, extra energy needed is equivalent to 46.5 kg/a standard coal; if collectors were installed outside three walls of balcony, extra energy is not needed.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Balconi"

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Bracone, Nicola. "Isolamento termico di balconi a sbalzo realizzati con giunto termico: analisi con un modello di calcolo agli elementi finiti e studio della trasmittanza termica lineare." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2020.

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L' argomento principale della tesi è il calcolo del valore della trasmittanza termica lineare di un ponte termico balcone-solaio isolato termicamente da un giunto termico. Dopo una prima definizione di ponte termico, segue un’analisi dei vari metodi utilizzati per smorzare gli effetti provocati. Per ricavare questo valore sono state analizzate e seguite le linee guida definite nelle normative di riferimento. E' stato utilizzato il software TRISCO, strumento digitale utilizzato per l’analisi termica dei componenti edilizi, con il quale verranno analizzati otto modelli di balcone a sbalzo differenziati nella stratigrafia della parete, balcone e la presenza o meno del giunto termico. Si concluderà con un confronto tra i risultati ottenuti dall’ analisi dei vari modelli proposti ed una verifica termoigrometrica sullo spigolo parete-solaio evidenziando l’efficacia ed i benefici derivanti dall’utilizzo di un giunto termico proponendo il metodo migliore di isolamento termico da adottare su edifici esistenti e di nuova costruzione.
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Lee, Jun-yu Phoebe, and 李俊妤. "Balcony romance: stage distance andclosure." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2005. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B36763159.

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Guza, Morisa <1992&gt. "L'Influenza della Turchia nei Balcani." Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/10104.

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Il legame tra la Turchia e i Balcani nel corso dei secoli comprende un lungo cammino di storia che ha segnato il loro destini. Così come la penisola balcanica costituiva il cuore della dinastia Ottomana, oggi questa regione rappresenta una delle priorità principali nell’agenda della politica estera turca. Questo ritorno della Turchia nei Balcani risale tra gli anni Ottanta e Novanta, periodo in cui la maggior parte dei paesi Balcanici si troveranno immersi in una situazione drammatica a seguito della disgregazione della ex Jugoslavia. Questa tesi esamina il recente attivismo della Turchia nei confronti della regione e in particolare dei Balcani occidentali a partire dal post-guerra fredda e fino a trovare la sua piena realizzazione durante l’era Erdoğan-Davutoğlu, segnando una svolta nella politica estera turca. Tuttavia, l’influenza della Turchia nella regione non è confinata al contesto politico, ma è imperniato su prospettive diverse che includono il campo economico, culturale, educativo nonché storico e religioso, attraverso cui il soft power turco promuove l’immagine e la popolarità del paese. Inoltre, tenendo in considerazione il cammino verso le porte dell’Europa il quale costituisce un obiettivo comune alle due parti, risulterà costruttivo esaminare le relazioni turco-balcaniche alla luce del processo di allargamento europeo. Nel tentativo di tracciare possibili scenari futuri, questo elaborato cercherà di analizzare se tale politica estera proattiva ed assertiva della Turchia nei Balcani costituisce una presenza complementare insieme a quella dell’Unione Europea o piuttosto rappresenta una potenziale fonte di tensione tra Ankara e Bruxelles.
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Lee, Jun-yu Phoebe. "Balcony romance stage distance and closure /." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2005. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B36763159.

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Ilincic, Natasa <1990&gt. "Il tatuaggio tradizionale femminile nei Balcani." Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/9300.

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Questa tesi tratta il tatuaggio tradizionale nella penisola balcanica, e nello specifico il tatuaggio tradizionale femminile presso la popolazione croato bosniaca della Bosnia ed Erzegovina, qui chiamato bocanje o sicanje. Tradizione già presente presso la popolazione autoctona illirica, essa si è mantenuta a seguito delle migrazioni slave e della cristianizzazione, conservando la propria forma ma adattandosi ad un nuovo contesto. Utilizzato come segno di distinzione e riconoscimento etnico-religioso durante l'occupazione Ottomana o come semplice decorazione, il tatuaggio presenta simbologie precristiane, legate alla sfera della natura: raffigurazioni schematiche di croci, elementi circolari con raggi, ramoscelli, motivi vegetali, bracciali. La sua esecuzione, in età prepuberale e puberale, è possibile fosse legata a riti di passaggio all'età adulta. Tale ipotesi è supportata dal periodo in cui il tatuaggio veniva realizzato, esclusivamente primaverile e prossimo all'equinozio. La mia ricerca su campo è stata condotta nel territorio di Jajce, in Bosnia centrale, dove ho raccolto interviste e materiale fotografico, incontrando le ultime portatrici di questa tradizione che, a seguito della Seconda Guerra Mondiale, si è gradualmente spenta.
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Lagurgue, Xavier. "La végétalisation verticale des bâtiments : vers une écoesthétique du vivant." Thesis, Paris 10, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020PA100045.

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Les « murs végétalisés » permettent, avec une très faible emprise au sol, de renforcer la végétalisation des milieux urbains. Ils contribuent, au même titre que les toitures végétalisées, à l’adaptation des villes au changement climatique, à la résorption des îlots de chaleur, à la lutte contre l’effondrement de la biodiversité. Il existe de nombreux types de murs végétalisés, des plus artificiels et des plus onéreux sur lesquels les végétaux poussent en hydroponie, quasiment sans substrat, aux plus spontanés qui se développent naturellement en dehors de toute intervention humaine, dans les joints des matériaux de construction. Cette thèse traite à la fois d’architecture et d’écologie dans la perspective d’une cohabitation avec la végétation sur les parties verticales des bâtiments. Alors que les pensées contemporaines de la nature renouvellent les rapports d’appartenance entre l’homme et son environnement, l’architecture tarde encore à s’engager dans cette voie. L’enjeu est d’étudier la capacité du bâti à accueillir sur ses surfaces extérieures une nature aussi autonome que possible, qui ne coûte rien ou peu et apporte à la ville de multiples services écologiques. La première partie dresse un état de l’art, un inventaire des moyens et techniques et une classification des figures architecturales des modalités de végétalisation verticale des bâtiments. La deuxième partie de la thèse est consacrée à trois études de terrain concernant les plantes rudérales, les balcons végétalisés, les murs végétalisés, ainsi qu’à la discussion des résultats. L’aboutissement ouvre l’hypothèse qu’humains et non-humains partagent une « écoesthétique du vivant » qui les relie dans un environnement commun et qui constitue une nouvelle perspective pour l’écologie architecturale
With a very small footprint, “green walls” allow to reinforce the greening of urban areas. They contribute, in the same way as vegetated roofs, to the adaptation of cities to climate change, to the resorption of heat islands, to the fight against the collapse of biodiversity. There are many types of green walls, from the most artificial and the most expensive on which plants grow in hydroponics, almost without substrate, to the most spontaneous which develop naturally without any human intervention, in the joints of building materials. This thesis deals with both architecture and ecology in the perspective of cohabitation with vegetation on the vertical parts of buildings. While contemporary thoughts of nature renew the relationships of belonging between man and his environment, architecture is still slow to embark on this path. The aim is to study the capacity of the building to accommodate on its exterior surfaces a nature as autonomous as possible, which costs nothing or little, and provides the city with multiple ecological services. The first part presents a state of the art, an inventory of the means and techniques and a classification of the architectural figures of the methods of vertical vegetation of the buildings. The second part of the thesis is devoted to three field studies on ruderal plants, vegetated balconies, green walls, as well as to the discussion of the results. The outcome leads to the hypothesis that humans and non-humans share a «eco-aesthetics of the living» that connects them in a common environment and that constitutes a new perspective for architectural ecology
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Cavaliere, Salvatore <1985&gt. "L’italiano nei Balcani occidentali : tra comunicazione interculturale e didattica." Doctoral thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/10302.

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L’obiettivo della presente ricerca di dottorato è indagare, in riferimento a un’ampia area dell’ex Jugoslavia composta dagli stati nazionali della Bosnia ed Erzegovina, della Croazia, del Montenegro e della Serbia, aspetti di natura didattica legati al processo di insegnamento-apprendimento dell’italiano come lingua straniera e le principali problematiche di natura comunicativa interculturale in grado di emergere nelle interazioni tra italiani da una parte e bosniaci, croati, montenegrini e serbi dall’altra. Riguardo a quest’ultimo aspetto, è stata condotta un’indagine, che si è giovata della collaborazione di 19 informant, finalizzata a far luce sui principali aspetti di natura culturale, legati nello specifico ai valori di fondo che influenzano la comunicazione, all’uso dei linguaggi verbali e non verbali e alla gestione di determinati eventi comunicativi, che, se non tenuti adeguatamente in considerazione dagli interlocutori, potrebbero creare problemi di comunicazione interculturale anche di notevole entità tra italiani e slavi del sud. Inoltre, la progressiva messa a fuoco nel corso degli anni di ricerca dottorale di uno specifico focus di indagine più classicamente legato alla realizzazione di interventi didattici nella classe di italiano come lingua seconda o straniera ha portato alla progettazione e alla realizzazione di un’indagine focalizzata sul trattamento dell’errore orale, condotta, nel caso specifico della presente ricerca, con apprendenti di madrelingua serba dell’università di Banja Luka (Bosnia ed Erzegovina). In particolare, la finalità di tale studio era quella verificare l’impatto sull’apprendimento linguistico del modo congiuntivo di due diverse mosse correttive: il feedback metalinguistico e la correzione esplicita unita alla presentazione di un’informazione metalinguistica.
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Pirhosseinloo, Hengameh. "habiter la façade : la conquête d'une épaisseur sensible : les dispositifs de façade épaisse dans les logements collectifs des écoquartiers : ocnception architecturale et ambiances." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019GREAH019.

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Dans le contexte actuel des conceptions et réalisations architecturales, la façade s’est éloignée de sa traditionnelle fonction de mur séparateur filtrant la lumière, pour se diversifier en une variété d’espaces de plus en plus complexes, gagnant de ce fait même une épaisseur modulable. Les balcons, loggias, terrasses, coursives, issues de différentes cultures, déclinent aujourd’hui de nouvelles propositions spatiales, ambiantales et comportementales. L’hypothèse générale de cette thèse est que l’ensemble de ces espaces intermédiaires regroupés sous l’intitulé de dispositifs de façade épaisse (DFE) participe pleinement à la conception et au vécu du logement contemporain. Les DFE appartiennent à la famille des « espaces intermédiaires », c’est à dire des lieux caractérisant la zone transitionnelle séparant deux espaces aux degrés d’intimité différents, aménageant les liens intérieur/extérieur, permettant des porosités avec les éléments naturels, le voisinage, le contexte urbain ou le grand territoire. Par définition, les DFE agissent comme interfaces génératrices d’expériences sensorielles et sensibles. L’analyse de trois écoquartiers (à Grenoble et à Paris) permet d’explorer la variété typologique des bâtis ; la diversité des rôles attribués par les résidents aux DFE témoigne : surface supplémentaire à celle du logement, sas d’entrée dans l’espace privé, espace représentatif pour le bâti, filtre régulateur des facteurs ambiantaux, modularité de l’intimité et augmentation de la qualité de vie du logement… En conclusion, la thèse montre comment l’étude des ambiances des DFE permet de mettre à jour les enjeux transversaux et contemporains de la conception de ce type d’espaces intermédiaires, en proposant plusieurs champs d’interrogation aux concepteurs : un DFE dans son contexte, un espace à forte appropriation modulable, un accès à la nature, un espace de jeu pour les cinq sens, un lieu intime et un lieu convivial. Concevoir le logement et penser les ambiances des DFE à travers cette grille devient alors pour le concepteur une démarche d’élargissement et d’enrichissement de son projet d’habitation.Mots-clés : Interface épaisse, Balcon, Loggia, Terrasse, Coursive, Ambiances, Appropriation, Habiter, Modularité, Ecoquartier, Techno-sensible
In the current context of architectural design and developments, the facade shifted away from its traditional function of dividing, light-filtering wall. It is now diversified in an array of increasingly complex spaces, thus growing in adjustable thickness. Balconies, loggias, terraces, corridors, all stemming from different cultures, developed nowadays new spatial, environmental and behavioural propositions. The general hypothesis of this thesis is that the ensemble of intermediary spaces (balconies, loggias, terraces, corridors), brought together under the name “Thick facade devices” (TFD), fully takes part in the design and the experience of contemporary housing. TFDs belong to the “intermediary spaces” family, i.e. places characterising a transition area that separates two spaces with two different degrees of intimacy, establishing connections between the inside and the outside, enabling permeability with natural elements, neighbours, the urban context or the bigger territory. By definition, TFDs work as interfaces that generate sensory and perceptible experience. The analysis of three eco-districts (in Grenoble and Paris) allows to explore the typological variety of the built environment ; the diversity in the roles given to the TFDs by the residents is telling: additional surface to the housing, entrance hall into the house, representative space for the building, regulating filter of the ambiance factors, modularity of intimacy and increase of the place’s quality of life. In conclusion, the thesis shows how the study of TFD ambiances can highlight cross-cutting and contemporary challenges regarding the design of intermediary spaces. Several questions are proposed to designers : TFDs in his context, a space with strong adjustable appropriation, an access to nature, an area to play with the five senses, an intimate and convivial place. For the architect, designing housing and considering the TFDs’ ambiances through this grid thus becomes a strategy to expand and enhance his housing project.Keyword: thick interface, balcony, loggia, terrace, corridor, ambiances, appropriation, inhabiting, modularity, ecodistrict, techno-sensitive
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Tiong, Ho Yong. "Numerical Modelling of Unchannelled Balcony Spill Plumes using using FDS 5." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Civil Engineering, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/8178.

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Currently there is limited design guidance for calculation that involves an unchannelled balcony spill plume. The current guidance for unchannelled spill plume can be obtained from CIBSE (TM19) and BS PD 7974 (Part 2). The guidance is a result of an analysis performed by Law (1995) on a set of experiments performed by Hansell et al (1993). Recently a series of unchannelled balcony spill plume experiments have been performed by Harrison (2009) at 1/10th-scale as part of a research project. Harrison (2009) developed a simplified design formula to calculate the mass flow rate from unchannelled spill plume. Results from Harrison suggested that an unchannelled balcony spill plume is a complex problem and his experiments were limited by the experimental facility. Harrison (2009) recommended that this problem should be supported with computer modelling for design. Research from Harrison (2009) also resulted in a correlation that can be used to calculate the effective width of an unchannelled balcony spill plume. This research is primarily a numerical simulation of the unchannelled balcony spill plume using Fire Dynamics Simulator 5 version 5.3.0 (FDS 5). FDS 5 was used to model unchannelled balcony spill plume experiments performed by Harrison (2009) at 1/10th-scale. Results from Harrison‟s (2009) experiment were used to verify the results from the FDS simulation. A good match was obtained between experimental results and FDS simulation results. The 1/10th-scale model was extended to full-scale using the scaling laws. Then, the model was used to perform a series of unchannelled balcony spill plume simulations with variables of balcony breadth, compartment opening, fire size and height of rise of the spill plume. Mass flow rate readings from simulations were used to improve the effective width correlations developed by Harrison and an improved effective width correlation was developed. Unchannelled balcony spill plume mass flow rate prediction with the revised effective width correlation was compared with mass flow rate predictions using the effective width correlation from Law (1995) and Harrison (2009).
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Sorrentino, C. "FILODINAMICA E FILOGEOGRAFIA DEI PRINCIPALI SOTTOTIPI DI HCV NEI BALCANI OCCIDENTALI." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/331196.

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ABSTRACT Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is the leading cause of liver disease and causes both acute and chronic infection. 130-170 million people are chronically infected worldwide. It is characterized by an high degree of genetic heterogeneity due to the lack of proofreading activities of viral RNA polymerase. HCV is classified into 7 genotypes, which are subdivided into 67 epidemiologically diverse subtypes. The main 7 HCV genotypes vary in their geographical distribution and their level of genetic diversity. Genotype 1, 2 , 3 e 4 are endemics because circulating for a long time in restricted regions of the world. While subtype 1a, 1b, 3a, 2a, 2c and 4d are epidemics because they have spread rapidly in the last century through blood, unsafe medical injections and injection drug use. The aim of this study was to investigate HCV sub/genotype distribution in Montenegro e Albania and estimate the phylodynamics and phylogeography of the most prevalent subtype in order to reconstruct the origin and diffusion of the virus on a local regional scale, using a Bayesian approach. To this aim, we analyzed the NS5B gene sequences of a total 162 HCV-positive Montenegrin patients and 67 Albanian subjects HCV chronic infected. The Montenegrin patients are stratified into two populations: intra-venus drug users (IVDUs) and the general population. Our study showed that the prevalent HCV subtype in Montenegrin general population was 1b (45%) followed by 4d (19%), 3a (17%), 1a (16%) and 2a/c (1%). While in the IVDU Montenegrin population, the most prevalent subtype was 3a (47%), followed by 1a (25%), 4d (20%) and 1b (8%). The subtype 3a was common among subjects who used injecting drug (47%), while the subtype 1b was common related with iatrogenic transmission (53.3%). Likewise the 67 Albanian patients was stratified into two populations: intra-venus drug users (IVDUs) and the general population. The main subtype in the general population was 1b (60%) followed by 2a/c (27%), 3a and 1a (4%) while genotype 4 was present in the 4%. In the IVDU Albanian population the prevalent subtype was 3a (67%), followed by 1a (25%) and 4d (8%). In order to estimate the phylodinamics and phylogeography of HCV subtypes, three separate datasets were prepared that include 227 sequence of HCV 1b, 271 of HCV 3a and 106 of HCV 4d. The phylogeographical analysis of HCV-1b revealed two main clades: clade A included sequence from Montenegro, Albania, Germany, Italy, Greece and Cyprus; clade B included the majority of the Asian isolates (Turkey and Uzbekistan). The origin of the tree root is dated back to the year 1912 in Cyprus (state probability, sp= 0.78). The analysis of population dynamics of entire dataset shows an exponential growth of the 1b epidemics between 1960-1980, after the curve reached a plateau that still continuing. Phylogeographic analysis of HCV-3a showed that the most probable location of the tree root was Pakistan (sp=0.57). The tree showed many significant clade. Clade A and B comprise Asian and East European isolates (Bulgaria, Azerbaijan, Cyprus, Estonia) (pp=0.86 and 0.98); the clade C included 21 Pakistan isolates (pp=0.88); clade D, E, F and G included Montenegrin isolates. The time of most recent common ancestor (tMRCA) of the tree root went back to about 144 years ago, the clade A and B origin in Azerbaijan about 22 years ago (1992). The four Montenegrin clade dated back between 6-17 year ago corresponding to 1997-2007. The phylodinamics analysis of 54 Montenegrin and Albanian sequence revealed segregation between the two locations. The tree showed many recent Montenegrin clade dating back 10-11 years ago. The skyline plot suggest that subtype 3a was present in the population in the 1980, after occur a biphasic exponential growth between 1980-1990 and mid of XXI century. Phylogeographic analysis of HCV-4d shows two main significant clade: clade I included Turkish isolates; whereas the clade II included European sequences (Italian, Montenegrin, Albanian, French and Dutch). The Montenegrin isolates segregates in an unique significant clade. The root had a tMRCA of 125 years ago corresponding to 1888; the Turkish clade had a tMRCA of 48 years ago (1966) whereas the European clade had an origin of 65 years ago (1948). The Montenegrin sequences had a tMRCA of 50 years ago dating back 1964. This study suggests that HCV in Western Balkans present an high heterogeneity regarding subtype distribution through different transmission routes. In particular, HCV-1b penetrated in the XX century in the Aegean area and spread in Europe through two entrance; one in the Eastern Europe and the other in the Eastern Mediterranean probably related to unsafe iatrogenic procedure in the area after the 1950s. HCV-3a showed an old origin about 144 years ago in Pakistan but a recent increase in Central Asia and Eastern Europe about 20 years ago with rapid spread in Montenegro among IVDUs living in this area. HCV 4d entered in Europe probably through Italy in 1930 and spread in Western Balkans in the 1960s showing a clear segregation of the infection in Turkey. Nevertheless, further studies an larger group of samples are needed to clarify the phylodynamics of HCV-4d. In conclusion, the Western Balkans are an area of encounter of various ethnic groups where the virus can be spread and diversified.
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Books on the topic "Balconi"

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Carbone, Pepè. Pietra verde: Delianuova, tra portali, balconi e fontane. Delianuova (RC): Nuove edizioni Barbaro di Caterina Di Pietro, 2004.

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Centomila balconi: Per una nuova bellezza dei quartieri italiani. Firenze: Alinea, 2005.

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Mirpasot: ʻavar, hoṿeh, ʻatid = Balconies, verandas, terraces, loggias, and other outer architecural spaces. Ariʼel: Universiṭat Ariʼel be-Shomron, 2020.

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Bertelli, Michele. L' angelo dei balconi: Scherzo tragicomico sulla figura di Federico García Lorca in 13 quadri. Parma: Edizioni Zara, 1993.

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Cresti, Carlo. Fascinose creature di pietra: Figurazioni antropomorfe e zoomorfe nei balconi settecenteschi della Sicilia sud-orientale. Firenze: A. Pontecorboli, 2003.

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Fascinose creature di pietra: Figurazioni antropomorfe e zoomorfe nei balconi settecenteschi della Sicilia sud orientale. Firenze: A. Pontecorboli, 2003.

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Kruijt, Dirk. El guerrillero y el general: Rodrigo Asturias y Julio Balconi sobre la guerra y la paz en Guatemala. Guatemala: FLACSO, 2000.

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Bicknell, Les. Balcons. Piégros La Clastre: Imprints, 1993.

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Terrasses, balcons et patios. Paris: Éd. PLace des Victoires, 2007.

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Morris, Lynn. The Balcony. Minneapolis, Minn: Bethany House, 1997.

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Book chapters on the topic "Balconi"

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Heidemann, Lucas, Jochen Scheck, and Berndt Zeitler. "Impact Sound Insulation of Thermally Insulated Balconies." In iCity. Transformative Research for the Livable, Intelligent, and Sustainable City, 359–71. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-92096-8_23.

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AbstractWith the increasing urban densification, balconies are gaining in popularity as they improve the living quality in homes. From a technical point of view, the thermal insulation between balconies and the building’s façade is state of the art. In Germany, the most popular balcony construction is a reinforced concrete balcony, separated from the building by a thermal insulation element (TIE), which is meant to reduce the thermal energy loss and thus ensure the sustainability of intelligent buildings. The impact sound transmission from balconies, however, is a problem that has not been addressed enough to date. The paper is based on a project of the same name within the iCity research with the main goal of providing acoustic quantities, e.g. an impact sound pressure level difference, for a TIE that can be used to compare the acoustical quality of products and used to predict the impact sound pressure levels within the building using the standard EN ISO 12354-2. Experimental and numerical studies have been carried out on various ceiling-balcony mock-ups without and with TIEs, e.g. by means of experimental modal analysis and validated finite element models, respectively. These studies showed that even doubling the width of the ceiling-balcony mock-up does not change the results significantly, suggesting that the proposed test set-up is suitable for standard testing. The analysis method and results presented here are for only one test set-up with and without a TIE that underwent constructive modifications during the tests. The selected TIE shows an effective sound insulation above 400 Hz and achieves a single-number rated impact sound level difference of $$ \Delta {L}_{\mathrm{w}}^{\ast}\approx 10\ \mathrm{dB} $$ Δ L w ∗ ≈ 10 dB .
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Williams, Antony. "The Balcony." In Our House Visual and Active Consulting, 67–88. Second Edition. | New York : Routledge, 2020. | Revised edition of the author's Our house, 2018.: Routledge, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429297779-7.

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Williams, Antony. "The Balcony." In Our House, 122–52. Abingdon, Oxon ; New York, NY : Routledge, 2018.: Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203712948-7.

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Pfister, Manfred. "Chapter 2. Juliet’s balcony." In Romeo and Julietin European Culture, 37–60. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/sec.1.03pfi.

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Botond, Anneliese, and KLL. "Genet, Jean: Le balcon." In Kindlers Literatur Lexikon (KLL), 1–2. Stuttgart: J.B. Metzler, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-476-05728-0_3763-1.

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Sherzer, Dina. "Frames and Metacommunication in Genet'sThe Balcony." In Semiotics of Drama and Theatre, 368. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/llsee.10.17she.

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Lee, Graham. "Seeing the dance from the balcony." In Breakthrough Conversations for Coaches, Consultants and Leaders, 153–71. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003054542-8.

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Marriage, Guy. "Balcony – the garden in the sky." In Modern Apartment Design, 181–91. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003123873-14.

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Damamme-Gilbert, Béatrice. "Male Imagination and Representation of Home Spaces in Times of War: Julien Gracq’s Un Balcon En Forêt [Balcony in the Forest]." In Domestic Imaginaries, 57–78. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-66490-3_4.

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Karnein, Alfred. "Gracq, Julien: Un balcon en forêt." In Kindlers Literatur Lexikon (KLL), 1–2. Stuttgart: J.B. Metzler, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-476-05728-0_3876-1.

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Conference papers on the topic "Balconi"

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Du, Guangli, Thomas Cornelius Buch-Hansen, and Jens Henriksen. "Visual inspection on balcony damages in Copenhagen." In IABSE Conference, Seoul 2020: Risk Intelligence of Infrastructures. Zurich, Switzerland: International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/seoul.2020.364.

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<p>Balcony deterioration is a well-recognized issue in residential buildings. If not properly maintained, such deterioration may further develop, leading to reduced load bearing capacity and service life. In recent years, a number of accidents related to balcony failures were reported worldwide, for instance, Chicago, Berkeley, Los Angeles, France, Queensland and Australia. In 2016, a case of balcony falling has attracted serious concerns from the Danish authority regarding the overall balcony conditions in the country. Today there is still a lack of national guideline on balcony condition assessment and it is up to the building owner to ensure their balconies have the sufficient load bearing capacity. To prevent future occurrence of balcony failures, property owners need knowledge on their balconies to detect early signs of damages. In this context, this study selected six residential areas in Copenhagen to examine the actual conditions of balconies. The areas are chosen from different time periods to represent a reasonable coverage of mixed building and balcony types. The collected information, including classification of damages and their degradation levels, is useful for decision making in the asset management.</p>
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Naish, Daniel A., Andy C. C. Tan, and F. Nur Demirbilek. "Development of a Practical Design Guide for Balcony Acoustic Treatments." In ASME 2012 Noise Control and Acoustics Division Conference at InterNoise 2012. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ncad2012-0298.

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Balcony acoustic treatments can be demonstrated to provide important benefits in reducing road traffic noise within the balcony space and consequently internally for any adjacent room. The actual effect on road traffic noise is derived from a multitude of variables that can be broadly categorized into (a) acoustical and (b) geometrical for two distinct propagation volumes being (i) the street space, and (ii) the balcony space. A series of recent research activities in this area has incorporated the use of a combined image and diffuse source model, which can be used to predict the effect of balconies on road traffic noise for large number of scenarios. This paper investigates and presents a method and capability to summarize predictive data into user friendly guidelines aimed for use by acoustical professionals and architects and possible implementation in building design policies for environmental noise. The paper concludes with a presentation of the likely format of a potential design guide.
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Mohamed, M. F., M. Behnia, S. King, and D. Prasad. "The Potential of Natural Ventilation in Single-Sided Ventilated Apartment to Improve Indoor Thermal Comfort and Air Quality." In ASME 2011 5th International Conference on Energy Sustainability. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/es2011-54129.

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Cross ventilation is a more effective ventilation strategy in comparison to single-sided ventilation. In the NSW Residential Flat Design Code1 (RFDC) the majority of apartments are required to adopt cross ventilation. However, in the case of studio and one-bedroom apartments, it is acknowledged that single-sided ventilation may prevail. Deep plan studio and one-bedroom apartments may achieve lower amenity of summer thermal comfort and indoor air quality where mechanical ventilation is not provided by air conditioning. Since compliance with the code may allow up to 40% of apartments in a development in Sydney to be single sided, it is important to understand the natural ventilation performance of such apartments. The objective of this paper is to investigate the natural ventilation potential in single-sided ventilated apartments to improve indoor air quality and thermal comfort. This investigation includes simulating various facade treatments involving multiple opening and balcony configurations. Balcony configurations are included in this study because, in Sydney, a balcony is a compulsory architectural element in any apartment building. The study uses computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software to simulate and predict the ventilation performance of each apartment configuration. This study suggests that properly configured balconies and openings can significantly improve indoor ventilation performance for enhanced indoor air quality and thermal comfort, by optimizing the available prevailing wind. However, it is important to note that inappropriately designed fac¸ade treatments also could diminish natural ventilation performance.
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Barrett, Bart B., and David Cannon. "Balcony View." In Seventh Congress on Forensic Engineering. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784479711.006.

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Calderon, Alisson, António Mota, Christophe Hopchet, Cristina Grabulosa, Mathias Roeper, Abel Duarte, Benedita Malheiro, et al. "Balcony Greenhouse." In TEEM 2017: 5th International Conference Technological Ecosystems for Enhancing Multiculturality. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3144826.3145361.

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Le Gac, Benoit, Pisey Keo, Hugues Somja, and Franck Palas. "Resistance of a steel-concrete hybrid thermal break system to low cycle fatigue under thermal actions." In 12th international conference on ‘Advances in Steel-Concrete Composite Structures’ - ASCCS 2018. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/asccs2018.2018.6990.

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External insulation is the most widely used technique in Northern and Continental Europe. This technique generates thermal bridges where the building facade has some projecting element like balconies. The thermal requirements of actual standards lead to restore the continuity of the insulation at the interfaces by using thermal break systems (TBS). They are usually made of a box containing the insulation material, and a minimalist structural system able to transmit the shear force and the bending moment from the balcony to the wall. In most cases, structural elements are made of stainless steel, as it is less heat-conducting than normal steel. The paper focuses on a specific TBS, that uses shear keys and steel profiles to ensure the transfer of forces. TBS are also submitted to important horizontal cyclic shear deformations, provoked by the variations of the dimensions of the balconies due to climatic effects. The objective of the study presented in the paper is to show that significant yielding under these cyclic actions can be accepted during service life. First experimental cyclic loading tests have been performed in order to characterize the behaviour of the TBS, as well as its fatigue strength. Then the loading has been defined on the basis of the database of the ECA&amp;D, the European Climate Assessment and Dataset. Finally, the fatigue resistance of the system has been verified. It is shown that the developed TBS can resist to fatigue loading for large lengths of balconies, while exhibiting significant yielding during service life.
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Ng, Kun Yu. "Love on the balcony." In SA '17: SIGGRAPH Asia 2017. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3145631.3145657.

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Tan, Andy C. C., Daniel A. Naish, and F. Nur Demirbilek. "The Significance of Balcony Acoustic Treatments in Mitigating Urban Road Traffic Noise." In ASME 2012 Noise Control and Acoustics Division Conference at InterNoise 2012. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ncad2012-0180.

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Urban road traffic noise in cities is an ongoing and increasing problem across much of the world. Consequently a large amount of effort is expended in attempts to address this problem, especially in the area of acoustic design of buildings. Acoustic design policies developed by government authorities will typically focus on required transport noise reductions through a building façade to meet a specified internal noise levels. The significance of balcony acoustic treatments has been highlighted in recent decades yet this area has potentially been considered less important than the need for acoustic isolation of building facades. This paper outlines recent research that has been conducted in determining the significance of balcony acoustic treatments in mitigating urban road traffic noise. It summarizes recent literature, some of which focuses on technological advances in the knowledge of balcony acoustic design and some literature discusses the overall aims and benefits of balcony acoustic design. The aim of this paper is to promote the use of balcony acoustic design as a significant element in the overall solution towards mitigating road traffic noise in modern cities.
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Sistonen, Esko V.-P. "Balcony repair with pumped self-compacting concrete." In 2nd International RILEM Symposium on Advances in Concrete through Science and Engineering. RILEM Publications, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1617/2351580028.110.

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Li, Fangli. "Design of Residential Ecological Balcony in Northwest Area." In 4th International Conference on Management Science, Education Technology, Arts, Social Science and Economics 2016. Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/msetasse-16.2016.240.

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Reports on the topic "Balconi"

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Jendrzejczyk, J. A., M. W. Wambsganss, R. K. Smith, and P. Rosas-Velez. Response of the rf-extraction-wing balcony and floor, and the storage ring to forced and ambient vibration excitation and coupling to tunnel/basemat. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10192836.

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Head Office - 65 Martin Place - Interior of Premises 1964-65 - View from 16th Floor Balcony. Reserve Bank of Australia, September 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.47688/rba_archives_pn-006107.

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Government Savings Bank of N.S.W. - Head Office - 48-50 Martin Place - Construction - taken from G.S.B. balcony - December 1924 (plate 486). Reserve Bank of Australia, March 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.47688/rba_archives_pn-015665.

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