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Mondal, Subrata, and Sujit Mandal. "Geomorphic diversity and landslide susceptibility in the Balason River Basin, Darjeeling Himalaya." HKIE Transactions 27, no. 1 (April 20, 2020): 13–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.33430/v27n1thie2017-0054.
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This study attempts to assess the role of basin morphometric parameters in slope instability using a morphometric diversity (MD) model, as well as the role of drainage parameters and relief parameters in slope failure using drainage diversity (DD) and relief diversity (RD) models, respectively. For this, a total of 14 morphometric data layers were considered. The relationship of each data layer to landslide susceptibility was judged using a frequency ratio (FR) approach. Parameters like drainage density (Dd), drainage frequency (Df), relative relief (Rr), drainage texture (Dt), junction frequency (Jf), infiltration number (In), ruggedness index (Ri), dissection index (Di), elevation (E), slope (S), relief ratio (Rra) and hypsometric integral (Hi) were positively related with landslide potentiality while bifurcation ratio (Rb) and drainage intensity (Din) negatively correlated with S failure. The principal component analysis (PCA)-based weight assigned to each data layer in each model was multiplied with unidirectional reclassified data layers for each model using a weighted linear combination (WLC) approach to prepare landslide susceptibility maps. The receiver operating characteristics curve showed that the landslide prediction accuracy of the DD, RD and MD models were 71.4%, 73.9% and 76.3%, respectively. The FR plots of the aforesaid three models suggested that the chance of landslide increases from very low to very high in susceptible zones.
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Mikhailov, M. I., K. K. Kyuregyan, E. Yu Malinnikova, and A. D. Polyakov. "Hepatitis E, to the 40th anniversary of the discovery of the virus by academician of the RAMS M.S. Balayan." Journal Infectology 13, no. 3 (October 9, 2021): 153–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.22625/2072-6732-2021-13-3-153-158.
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2021 marks the 40th anniversary of the discovery of the hepatitis E virus by an outstanding Russian virologist, academician of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences Mikhail Surenovich Balayan. This date is an occasion to remember this remarkable scientist and person, to analyze the current state of the problem of viral hepatitis E, to sum up the research results and to correct the prospects of scientific directions, the development of which is largely related to the basic foundations laid by M.S. Balayan.The scientific heritage of M.S. Balayan is associated with the study of poliomyelitis, hepatitis A and hepatitis E. The main contribution of Mikhail Surenovich Balayan to world science was the discovery of the hepatitis E virus. This is, in first place, associated with the significance of the results obtained and the high moral value of the experimental selfinfection with hepatitis E.The paper presents data on the study of virology, epidemiology, clinical course, diagnosis and prevention of hepatitis E. The main concepts and directions of studying hepatitis E are overviewed.
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Biswas, Arindom. "SOCIO-ECONOMIC SCENARIO OF THE RURAL STONE CRUSHERS OF SILIGURI BALASON RIVER BASIN." Journal of Global Resources 7, no. 1 (January 11, 2021): 125–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.46587/jgr.2021.v07i01.015.
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Pitopang, Ramadanil, Dandy Prayoga, PUTI ANDALUSIA BANILAI, and Mohammad Iqbal. "PEMANFAATAN TUMBUHAN SEBAGAI OBAT TRADISIONAL OLEH ETNIS TO BALAESANG DI DESA RANO, KABUPATEN DONGGALA, SULAWESI TENGAH." Biocelebes 16, no. 1 (June 30, 2022): 12–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.22487/bioceb.v16i1.15878.
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This paper discusses the result of the study on "traditional plant use as medicine by the Balaesang tribal community in Rano village, Balaesang, Donggala district, Central Sulawesi", Indonesia. The research was conducted from December 2020 to March 2021. The basic data of traditional plant used by local ethnic were collected through an in-depth interview initiated by an informed consent using a questionnaire containing open-ended questions. A snowball technique was used to obtain appropriate respondents including the village leader and traditional healers. The results showed that there were 42 plants species (consist of 26 families) that are used as traditional medicine by the Balaesang tribe. Some of plants were utilized for beauty purpose, chronic diseases, skin, hypertension, gastrovascular and other diseases. The preparation method is boiled, ground, consumed directly, squeezed, smeared, and chewed
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Mondal, Subrata, and Sujit Mandal. "Application of frequency ratio (FR) model in spatial prediction of landslides in the Balason river basin, Darjeeling Himalaya." Spatial Information Research 25, no. 3 (April 24, 2017): 337–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s41324-017-0101-y.
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Muhamad Abas, Abdul Kholiq, and Arif Wicaksono. "PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM TERHADAP PEKERJA YANG MELAKUKAN MOGOK KERJA DARI TINDAKAN BALASAN PENGUSAHA DIHUBUNGKAN DENGAN PASAL 187 UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR13 TAHUN 2003 TENTANGKETENAGAKERJAAN JUNCTO PASAL81 ANGKA (65) UNDANGUNDANG NOMOR11 TAHUN2020 TENTANGCIPTA KERJA." Justisi Jurnal Ilmu Hukum 7, no. 1 (April 1, 2022): 69–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.36805/jjih.v7i1.2295.
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Kebebasan berserikat, berkumpul, mengeluarkan pendapat merupakan hak yangdijamin oleh konstitusi, oleh karena itu maka tidak boleh ada pihak yangmelarang/menghalang-halangi siapapun yang akan mendirikan/melaksanakankegiatan organisasi serikat. Pada salah satu Perusahaan, pengusaha melakukantindakan penghalang-halangan kegiatan serikat pekerja berupa kegiatan mogokkerja, dengan cara melakukan pemutusan hubungan kerja terhadap pekerja yangmelakukan mogok kerja. Tindakan tersebut adalah merupakan tindakan balasanterhadap mogok kerja yang sah sebagai akibat dari gagalnya perundingan. Mogokkerja yang sah adalah hak dasar pekerja yang dilindungi. Tujuan dari penelitian iniadalah untuk mengetahui bentuk perlindungan hukum bagi Pekerja yangmelaksanakan hak mogok kerja dihubungkan dengan Pasal 187 Undang-UndangNomor 13 Tahun 2003 tentang Ketenagakerjaan juncto Pasal 81 angka (65)Undang-Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2020 tentang Cipta Kerja dan untuk mengetahuipertanggungjawaban pidana atas tindak pidana berupa tindakan balasan terhadapPekerja yang melakukan mogok kerja. Penelitian ini menggunakan metodependekatan yuridis empiris dan spesifikasi adalah deskriptif eksplanatif. Adapunhasil penelitiannya yaitu mogok kerja yang dilakukan oleh para pekerja PT. MUGAI INDONESIA tersebut adalah mogok kerja yang tidak sah dikarenakanbukan sebagai akibat dari gagalnya perundingan. Sehingga perbuatan PT. MUGAIINDONESIA yang melakukan pemutusan hubungan kerja kepada pekerja yangmelakukan mogok kerja dapat dikategorikan sebagai tindakan balasan yangdilakukan oleh perusahaan terhadap pekerja yang melakukan mogok kerja, akantetapi perbuatan tersebut tidak dapat dikenakan pertanggungjawaban pidanadikarenakan terdapat alasan pembenar atas tindakan tersebut
Kata Kunci : Mogok Kerja, Tindakan Balasan, Perlindungan Hukum
Freedom of association, assembly, expression of opinion is a right guaranteed bythe constitution, therefore no party may prohibit/obstruct anyone who willestablish/carry out the activities of a union organization. In one of the companies, the entrepreneur takes action to prevent the union's activities in the form of a strike, by terminating the workers who go on strike. This action is a countermeasureagainst a legitimate strike as a result of the failure of negotiations. A legal strike isa basic protected worker right. The purpose of this study is to determine the form oflegal protection for workers exercising the right to strike in relation to Article 187of Law Number 13 of 2003 concerning Manpower in conjunction with Article 81number (65) of Law Number 11 of 2020 concerning Job Creation and to find outcriminal liability for criminal acts in the form of retaliation against Workers whostrike. This study uses an empirical juridical approach and the specification isdescriptive explanatory. As for the results of the research, namely the strike carriedout by the workers of PT. MUGAI INDONESIA is an illegal strike because it is notthe result of failed negotiations. So that the actions of PT. MUGAI INDONESIAwhich terminates the employment relationship of workers who go on strike can becategorized as retaliatory actions taken by the company against workers who go onstrike, but such actions cannot be subject to criminal responsibility because thereare reasons to justify such actions
Keywords: Strike, Countermeasures, Legal Protecti
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Cosens, S. E., T. Qamukaq, B. Parker, L. P. Dueck, and B. Anardjuak. "The distribution and numbers of Bowhead Whales, Balaena mysticetus, in Northern Foxe Basin in 1994." Canadian field-naturalist 111, no. 3 (1997): 381–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.5962/p.358199.
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Mondal, Subrata, and Sujit Mandal. "RS & GIS-based landslide susceptibility mapping of the Balason River basin, Darjeeling Himalaya, using logistic regression (LR) model." Georisk: Assessment and Management of Risk for Engineered Systems and Geohazards 12, no. 1 (July 7, 2017): 29–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17499518.2017.1347949.
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Yang, Hong, Muhammad Aamer Rashid, Sarfraz Ahmad, Saima Sami Khan, and Muhammad Kamran Siddiqui. "On Molecular Descriptors of Face-Centered Cubic Lattice." Processes 7, no. 5 (May 13, 2019): 280. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr7050280.
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Face-centered cubic lattice F C C ( n ) has received extensive consideration as of late, inferable from its recognized properties and non-poisonous nature, minimal effort, plenitude, and basic creation process. The graph of a face-centered cubic cross-section contains cube points and face centres. A topological index of a molecular graph G is a numeric amount identified with G, which depicts its topological properties. In this paper, using graph theory tools, we computed the molecular descriptors (topological indices)—to be specific, Zagreb-type indices, a forgotten index, a Balaban index, the fourth version of an atom–bond connectivity index, and the fifth version of a geometric arithmetic index for face-centered cubic lattice F C C ( n ) .
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Lebedintsev, A. I. "Археологические исследования Г.А.Пытлякова в Оймяконском районе Якутии." Bulletin of the North-East Science Center, no. 4 (December 30, 2022): 94–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.34078/1814-0998-2022-4-94-103.
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The article presents results of archaeological survey conducted by G. A. Pytlyakov, the Lecturer of the Yakut State Pedagogical Institute, in the Oymyakonsky District of Yakutia in 1955. The works under discussion resulting in the discovery of materials related to the Yakut first-settlers in the territory: remains of balagan-type housing structures, traces of urasa-type temporary portable dwellings, ground burials, and petroglyphs. It has been noted that the economy and material culture of the Upper Indigirka Yakuts had a number of features determined by harsh natural conditions of the region. An opinion has been expressed that, in the past, the Oymyakon yakuts were not engaged in cattle breeding, as their settlements were located in the places neither convenient nor suitable for cattle breeding. It has been assumed that the Ingigirka basin may have a certain potential for searching other petroglyphs.
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Cullen, Andrew B. "Transverse segmentation of the Baram-Balabac Basin, NW Borneo: refining the model of Borneo's tectonic evolution." Petroleum Geoscience 16, no. 1 (February 2010): 3–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1144/1354-079309-828.
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Ali, Haidar, Muhammad Ahsan Binyamin, Muhammad Kashif Shafiq, and Wei Gao. "On the Degree-Based Topological Indices of Some Derived Networks." Mathematics 7, no. 7 (July 10, 2019): 612. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math7070612.
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There are numeric numbers that define chemical descriptors that represent the entire structure of a graph, which contain a basic chemical structure. Of these, the main factors of topological indices are such that they are related to different physical chemical properties of primary chemical compounds. The biological activity of chemical compounds can be constructed by the help of topological indices. In theoretical chemistry, numerous chemical indices have been invented, such as the Zagreb index, the Randić index, the Wiener index, and many more. Hex-derived networks have an assortment of valuable applications in drug store, hardware, and systems administration. In this analysis, we compute the Forgotten index and Balaban index, and reclassified the Zagreb indices, A B C 4 index, and G A 5 index for the third type of hex-derived networks theoretically.
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Koski, William R., Mads Peter Heide-Jørgensen, and Kristin L. Laidre. "Winter abundance of bowhead whales, Balaena mysticetus, in the Hudson Strait, March 1981." J. Cetacean Res. Manage. 8, no. 2 (March 8, 2023): 139–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.47536/jcrm.v8i2.710.
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Satellite tracking studies of bowhead whales (Balaena mysticetus) in West Greenland and the eastern Canadian Arctic have documented that Hudson Strait is an important wintering ground for animals summering in the Baffin Bay-Davis Strait area and the Hudson Bay-Foxe Basin area. In light of this new information, data were re-examined on abundance of bowhead whales at this wintering ground derived from a systematic strip census survey conducted in March 1981. Three strata in Hudson Strait were covered by equally spaced north-south transect lines. Most sightings were in the western stratum, with one and none in the central and eastern strata, respectively. Abundance estimates were corrected for whales at the surface missed by observers using data from a similar survey in the Beaufort Sea. Corrections for whales submerged when the survey aircraft passed were developed using new data from time-depth recorders deployed on seven bowhead whales in Disko Bay, West Greenland, in April-May 2002-05. The fully corrected abundance estimate for the Hudson Strait in March 1981 was 1,349 (95% CI 402-4,529) whales. Similar surveys were conducted along West Greenland in March 1981 and 1982; the combined estimate was 1,549 (95% CI 589-4,072). Other unsurveyed areas in Baffin Bay may contribute an additional 8% to this combined estimate. The projected population size for both areas was 3,633 (95% CI 1,382-9,550) in 2004, assuming a population growth rate of 3.4% per year (George et al., 2004), which may not be appropriate for this population. However, increased sighting rates and traditional knowledge reports confirm that the population is growing. The use of availability and detection biases together with the restricted seasonal distribution of whales in March makes this the most complete estimate of this population in the 1980s to date.
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Zabidi, Zubainun Mohamed, Ahmad Nazib Alias, Nurul Aimi Zakaria, Zaidatul Salwa Mahmud, Rosliza Ali, Muhamad Kamil Yaakob, and Suraya Masrom. "Machine Learning Predictor Models in the Electronic Properties of Alkanes based on Degree-Topology Indices." International Journal of Emerging Technology and Advanced Engineering 11, no. 11 (November 13, 2021): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.46338/ijetae1121_01.
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New topology indices that are degree-based have been introduced to represent molecular structure from chemical graph theory. The indices give a new sight into the physical properties of the chemical compounds. The correlation of physiochemical properties with chemical graph theory can be done using the Quantitative Structure Properties Relationship (QSPR). Highest Occupied Molecular Orbital (HOMO) and Lowest Unoccupied Molecular Orbital (LUMO) are two basic electronic properties that describe the physiochemical of molecular structure. In computational chemistry, HOMO and LUMO can be calculated by ab initio molecular orbital calculation such as semi-empirical and density functional theory (DFT) method. However, these methods are time-consuming computations. In this paper, predictor model of HOMO and LUMO were developed using Machine Learning algorithms namely Linear Regression, Ridge Regression, LASSO Regression and Elastic Net Regression. The results showed that the performance achievement of each of the machine learning algorithms varied in accordance to the topology indices descriptors and the most outperformed model was presented by Linear Regression with the Moment Balaban Indices (JJ). This paper provides the fundamental design and implementation framework of predicting the HOMO and LUMO electronic properties
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Mukodi, Mukodi. "NILAI-NILAI PENDIDIKAN DALAM SURAT LUQMAN." Walisongo: Jurnal Penelitian Sosial Keagamaan 19, no. 2 (December 6, 2011): 429. http://dx.doi.org/10.21580/ws.2011.19.2.166.
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<p class="IIABSBARU1">The result of this study —library research— showed that the values of Islamic education are contained in the Holy Qur’an surah Luqman verses 12-19. There are at least three basic education, namely aqidah education, syari’ah education and character education. Aqidah education, there are two things: (1) prohibition of associating partners with Allah. Luqman al-Hakim himself had to prioritize monotheism education (tauhid) to his children, (2) believe in the place of hereafter. Luqman ordered his children to believe the reward of all his deeds. Especially retaliation for our gratitude to Him for every blessing and our sense of respect for both parents. Syari’ah Education, there are two things, namely a command set up prayer and amar ma‘rūf nahy munkar. Character education, which is the command to ingratitude towards Allah SWT. For all the blessings and grace of God, we should be grateful to Him.</p><p class="IKa-ABSTRAK">***</p>Artikel ini merupakan penelitian kepustakaan. Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pendidikan Islam termuat dalam al-Qur’an Surat Lukman 12-19. Setidaknya ada tiga tingkatan yaitu pendidikan aqidah, pendidikan syari’ah, dan pendidikan karakter. Pendidikan aqidah meliputi dua hal: (1) larangan mensekutukan Allah. Lukman Hakim memprioritaskan pendidikan tauhid kepada anak-anak; (2)mempercayai hari akhir. Lukman Hakim mengajarkan kepada anak-anaknya untuk mempercayai balasan atas perbuatan yang dilakukan di dunia. Pendidikan syariah meliputi dua hal, yaitu mendirikan sholat dan <em>amar ma‘rūf</em><em> nahy munkar</em>. Pendidikan karakter meliputi perintah untuk bersyukur kepada Allah atas semua karunia-Nya.
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Vikramjeet, Akanksha Parmar, and Shivarama Rao. "Information literacy skills among faculty members and research scholars of Central Sanskrit University, Vedavyas Campus, Balahar: A pilot study." IP Indian Journal of Library Science and Information Technology 8, no. 1 (June 15, 2023): 54–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.18231/j.ijlsit.2023.009.
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The present study attempts to examine an Information Literacy Skills of faculty members and research scholars of Central Sanskrit University, Vedavyas Campus, Balahar, Kangra.The questionnaire survey of study was utilized to obtain data for the study. A structured questionnaire was constructed in Google Form and distributed to 28 academic staff and 27 academic researchers at Central Sanskrit University's Vedavyas campus in order to get the information required to assess their information literacy skills. Out of which 44 (80.0 percent) questionnaire was received for data analysis. This study examines several aspects of library use, including method of document searching, orientation and information literacy programme, various e-resources and ICT literacy skills. Copyright act, search engines etc.The data indicated that faculty and research scholars possessed sufficient information handling skills to meet their basic needs.
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Goodwin, T. J., L. Coate-Li, R. M. Linnehan, and T. G. Hammond. "Selected Contribution: A three-dimensional model for assessment of in vitro toxicity inBalaena mysticetusrenal tissue." Journal of Applied Physiology 89, no. 6 (December 1, 2000): 2508–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.2000.89.6.2508.
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This study established two- and three-dimensional renal proximal tubular cell cultures of the endangered species bowhead whale ( Balaena mysticetus), developed SV40-transfected cultures, and cloned the 61-amino acid open reading frame for the metallothionein protein, the primary binding site for heavy metal contamination in mammals. Microgravity research, modulations in mechanical culture conditions (modeled microgravity), and shear stress have spawned innovative approaches to understanding the dynamics of cellular interactions, gene expression, and differentiation in several cellular systems. These investigations have led to the creation of ex vivo tissue models capable of serving as physiological research analogs for three-dimensional cellular interactions. These models are enabling studies in immune function, tissue modeling for basic research, and neoplasia. Three-dimensional cellular models emulate aspects of in vivo cellular architecture and physiology and may facilitate environmental toxicological studies aimed at elucidating biological functions and responses at the cellular level. Marine mammals occupy a significant ecological niche (72% of the Earth's surface is water) in terms of the potential for information on bioaccumulation and transport of terrestrial and marine environmental toxins in high-order vertebrates. Few ex vivo models of marine mammal physiology exist in vitro to accomplish the aforementioned studies. Techniques developed in this investigation, based on previous tissue modeling successes, may serve to facilitate similar research in other marine mammals.
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Azis, Abdul, and Yusroh Yusroh. "ṬIBÄ€Q STYLES IN THE BOOK ‘UMDAH AL- AHKÄ€M MIN KALÄ€MI KHAIR AL-AN’ĀM (THE BALAGAH STUDY)." Insyirah: Jurnal Ilmu Bahasa Arab dan Studi Islam 4, no. 1 (June 5, 2021): 51–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.26555/insyirah.v4i1.4125.
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This study aims to determine the á¹ibÄq language style used in the book Ê»Umdah al-AhkÄm min KalÄm Khair al-AnÄm and to analyze the types and forms of á¹ibÄq language style contained in it. The method used in this study is a qualitative method with observation and note-taking techniques in data collection. In analyzing the data used the method of agih with the basic technique of BUL (For Direct Elements). The data presentation used a qualitative descriptive method. The results of this study indicate that in the book Ê»Umdah al-AhkÄm min KalÄm Khair al-AnÄm there are 63 data with 61 hadith containing á¹ibÄq, of which 48 á¹ibÄq Ä«jÄb and 15 á¹ibÄq salab. ṬibÄq Ä«jÄb in the form of fiÊ»il with fiÊ»il has 19 data, isim with isim is 21, the combination of fiÊ»il and isim has 2 data, and harf with harf have 6 data. While the form of á¹ibÄq salab which consists of fiÊ»il with fiÊ»il has 11 data, isim with isim has 3 data, and the combination of fiÊ»il and isim has one data.
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Nikolaieva, Oksana. "The mode of theatricality in the work of representatives of “Bu-Ba-Bu” group." Synopsis: Text Context Media 27, no. 4 (December 25, 2021): 204–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.28925/2311-259x.2021.4.1.
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The article deals with the phenomenon of theatricalization of the artistic picture of the world in the works of authors-representatives of the group “Bu-Ba-Bu”, (Yuriy Andrukhovych, Viktor Neborak, Oleksandr Irvanets) who carry out a large-scale renewal of Ukrainian literature by dramatizing reality. That is why the mode of theatricality best shows the basic artistic principles of the group (burlesque-balagan-buffoonery). The relevance of the study is due to the need to analyze the work of representatives of Bu-Ba-Bu in the mode of theatricality. The subject of research is the poetic features, the system of characters and the principles of characterization of the group. The purpose of this article is to identify the ideological identity of the literary work of the group “Bu-Ba-Bu” in terms of revealing the theatrical discourse, which provides the research novelty. Research methods: comparative, comparative-historical and descriptive were used. Results of the research. Yu. Andrukhovych’s great prose and O. Irvanets’ drama are considered in the context of the postmodern concept of “theater society”, which treats various forms of social and cultural life as a kind of performance, as well as in connection with the concept of camp, which is characterized by ironic reflection on mass culture and aestheticization of everyday life. Dimensions of theatricality are realized by groups primarily in the form of carnival, which is a means of overcoming postcolonial trauma and a special space of existence (active involvement of the public in theatrical action, blurring the line between “theater” and real life). Addressing the main tenets of Bakhtin’s theory of carnival revealed the peculiarities of the aesthetics of “crisis periods” in prose and drama of modern authors (opposition to official discourses, total freedom and familiarity, accentuation of the bodily “bottom”). Particular attention is paid to corporeality, which reveals carnival features (grotesqueness, fluidity, dynamism) and at the same time becomes a means of rehabilitating human freedom and vitalistic energy, correlating with postcolonial social context. It is proved that the national originality of artists’ creativity is manifested primarily in the constructive nature of the carnival, which, formally correlated with the rhizome, implicitly affirms the value vertical.
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Fossi, M. Cristina, Letizia Marsili, and Giuseppe Notarbartolo Di Sciara. "The role of skin biopsy in the detection of exposure to endocrine disrupting chemicals in Mediterranean cetaceans." J. Cetacean Res. Manage. 5, no. 1 (April 12, 2023): 55–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.47536/jcrm.v5i1.826.
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Use of skin biopsy is proposed as a sensitive non-lethal technique for the hazard assessment of Mediterranean cetaceans exposed to endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs). EDCs are a structurally diverse group of compounds that may adversely affect the health of humans and wildlife or their progeny, by interaction with the endocrine system. In the Mediterranean environment top predators accumulate high concentrations of polyhalogenated aromatic hydrocarbons (PHAHs) and toxic metals, incurring high toxicological hazard. In this paper, the hypothesis that Mediterranean cetaceans are potentially at risk due to PHAH-EDCs is investigated using skin biopsy samples. Benzo-a-pyrene monoxigenase (BPMO) activity in skin biopsies was used as a potential indicator of exposure to different organochlorines (OCs) known to have endocrine disrupting properties. The main objective of this paper was to use this non-destructive ecotoxicological tool to define the potential hazard to Mediterranean odontocete and mysicete species, comparing the present data with values detected in other cetaceans from heavily polluted areas, affected by pseudohermaphroditism and other reproductive dysfunction. Subcutaneous tissue consisting of skin and blubber was obtained from striped dolphins (Stenella coeruleoalba), bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus), common dolphins (Delphinus delphis) and fin whales (Balaenoptera physalus) in the Mediterranean basin. Sampling was performed in the western Ligurian Sea, between Corsica and the French-Italian coast, and in the Ionian Sea. High concentrations of DDT metabolites and PCB congeners (known as Endocrine Disruptors) were detected in the different species. Significant differences in BPMO induction and OC levels were found between odontocetes and mysticetes. Differences in organochlorine bioaccumulation and consequently potential risk due to endocrine disruptors were primarily related to different positions in the marine food web. A statistical correlation was found between BPMO activity and organochlorine (op’DDT, a potent estrogen and antiandrogen and pp’DDE, a potent antiandrogen) levels in skin biopsy specimens of the endangered Mediterranean population of common dolphin. Several conclusions on the potential risk to Mediterranean cetaceans can be drawn from comparison of the levels of OC-EDs detected in Mediterranean odontocetes with those in white whales (Delphinapterus leucas) of the St Lawrence estuary and bowhead whales (Balaena mysticetus) affected by pseudohermaphroditism and other reproductive dysfunction. Finally, these results suggest that BPMO induction may be an early sign of exposure to EDCs such as OCs and a warning of the possibility of transgenerational effects through exposure of future generations via the placenta and milk.
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Stewart, D. Bruce, Jeff W. Higdon, Randall R. Reeves, and Robert EA Stewart. "A catch history for Atlantic walruses (Odobenus rosmarus rosmarus) in the eastern Canadian Arctic." NAMMCO Scientific Publications 9 (December 15, 2014): 219. http://dx.doi.org/10.7557/3.3065.
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Knowledge of changes in abundance of Atlantic walruses (Odobenus rosmarus rosmarus) in Canada is important for assessing their current population status. This catch history collates available data and assesses their value for modelling historical populations to inform population recovery and management. Pre-historical (archaeological), historical (e.g., Hudson Bay Company journals) and modern catch records are reviewed over time by data source (whaler, land-based commercial, subsistence etc.) and biological population or management stock.Direct counts of walruses landed as well as estimates based on hunt products (e.g., hides, ivory) or descriptors (e.g., Peterhead boatloads) support a minimum landed catch of over 41,300 walruses in the eastern Canadian Arctic between 1820 and 2010. Little is known of Inuit catches prior to 1928, despite the importance of walruses to many Inuit groups for subsistence. Commercial hunting from the late 1500s to late 1700s extirpated the Atlantic walrus from Quebec and the Atlantic Provinces, but there was no commercial hunt for the species in the Canadian Arctic until ca. 1885. As the availability of bowhead whale (Balaena mysticetus) declined, whalers increasingly turned to hunting other species, including walruses. Modest numbers (max. 278/yr) were taken from the High Arctic population in the mid-1880s and large catches (up to 1400/yr) were often taken from the Central Arctic population from 1899 -1911, while the Foxe Basin stock (Central Arctic population) and Low Arctic population were largely ignored by commercial hunters. Land-based traders (ca. 1895-1928) continued the commercial hunt until regulatory changes in 1928 reserved walruses for Inuit use. Since 1950, reported walrus catches have been declining despite a steady increase in the Inuit population. Effort data are needed to assess whether lower catches stem from declining hunter effort or decreased walrus abundance. The recent take of walruses by sport hunting has been small (n=141, 1995-2010), sporadic and local.These landed catch estimates indicate the minimum numbers of walruses removed but do not account for under-reporting or lost animals that were killed but were not secured. Unreported and lost animals may represent a significant fraction of the total removals and must be considered in any modelling exercise. The sources, quality and completeness of the catch data vary widely over time and space and between the different hunt types. This variability confounds interpretation and contributes to the uncertainty that needs to be incorporated into any modelling. The data on Inuit subsistence catches before ca. 1928 are particularly fragmentary and uncertain.
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Yetirmishli, Gurban, and Sabina Kazimova. "The first results of estimating the depth of the Moho surface by the method of converted Ps-waves for the Azerbaijan part of the Greater Caucasus." Russian Journal of Seismology 2, no. 3 (September 30, 2020): 78–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.35540/2686-7907.2020.3.07.
Full textAbstract:
The methodology of the converted waves, or as it is commonly called, the "Receiver function" method, is well known and is widely used throughout the world to study the deep structure of the Earth up to 800 km. The method is based on the registration and interpretation of converted Ps waves. These studies were carried out as part of the International Seismotomo-graphic Laboratory using a software package developed at the University of Missouri (USA). One of the best regions for studying the early stages of mountain building is the Greater Caucasus, where most of the volcanism and mountain building appears to be 5 million years. Of particular interest is the immersion zone of the Kura Basin beneath the Greater Caucasus, the so-called subduction zone, which has not been sufficiently studied to date. To this end, we began our studies of the depth of the Moho border with this region. Thus, for the first time on the basis of the analysis of the wave characteristics of distant earthquakes recorded at seismic and telemetric stations of the RSSC, within the framework of the international project "Transect", the depths of the Moho border for the Azerbaijan part of the Greater Caucasus were refined by the method of exchange reflected Ps waves ("Receiver function"). Seismo-grams of the selected earthquakes were processed using the Seismic Analysis Code (SAC) software package under the MacOs operating system. The study examined seismological data recorded by a network of telemetry stations (N=20) for 2009-2019. In total, 2428 earth-quakes recorded at an epicenter distance of 35 to 90 degrees were analyzed. At the first stage, frequency filtering was carried out in order to eliminate oscillations that were too high, containing the effects of random scattering on inhomogeneities, and too low frequencies that re-duce the resolution. The working range of the periods ranged from two to 10 seconds. Next, two-dimensional and three-dimensional rotation of the axes was carried out. The summation of all traces was carried out with time shifts relative to some reference epicentral distance, which is assumed to be 60 degrees. On the summarized Q-tracks of the receiving functions, the Moho boundary with a delay time of 4.0 sec is clearly distinguished. Thus, a map of iso-lines of the depths of the Moho surface was constructed and depths were determined for the territory of the Guba-Gusar region 48-50 km, the Zagatala-Balakan region 46-47 km, the Shamakhi-Ismayilli region 48-52 km. As it was said earlier, the first definitions of the depth of the surface of Moho in Azerbaijan were made based on the data from the state earthquake and the gravitational model of the Earth's crust. R.M. Gadzhiev in 1965 and E.Sh. Shikhalibeyli in 1996 built such models. The data obtained are consistent with the available data, but discrepancies have been received. Compared with the map constructed according to the GSZ-KMPV and gravimetric data by R.M. Gadzhiev (1965), the difference in the thickness of the earth's crust was from one to 15 km. Compared with the map constructed according to the FGP and gravimetric data by E.Sh Shikhalibeyli (1996), the difference in the thickness of the earth's crust varied from one to 10 km.
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Mondal, Subrata, and Sujit Mandal. "Landslide susceptibility and risk: a micro level study from the Balason River basin in Darjeeling Himalaya." Arabian Journal of Geosciences 11, no. 9 (April 30, 2018). http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12517-018-3538-y.
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KAYA, Coşkun, and Atilla KARATAŞ. "Geomorphology of the Lower Catchment of Ayvalıtohma Stream." Fırat Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, September 8, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.18069/firatsbed.1105110.
Full textAbstract:
Ayvalıtohma Stream Basin is the sub-basin of Tohma Stream, which is one of the western branches of the Euphrates River. The geomorphological features of the study area between Darende- Hekimhan (Malatya) Gürün and Kangal (Sivas) were determined within the framework of field studies and geomorphological analyzes on synthetic surfaces. The study area generally consists of plateaus between Uzunyayla Plateau and Malatya Basin and deeply disssected by streams. The narrow and is deeply gorge and canyon valleys opened by Ayvalıtohma Stream connect Uzunyayla, Ayvalı-Kuluncak, Darende-Balaban depressions. These gorges and canyons, which are typically seen around Gürun, Darende, Kuluncak and buried in the karstic foundation, played an important role in the formation of the flood plains along the Ayvalıtohma Stream. The Ayvalı-Kuluncak Depression, which forms the center of the study area, has the characteristics of an intermountain basin developed in the Oligocene. Detrital deposits such as conglomerate, sandstone and mudstone, which were deposited in the Oligocene and had low erosion resistance, revealed the areas that suffered the most erosion in the basin. While these non-resistance rocks cause erosion, the thick limestones in the mountainous and plateau areas have led to the development of relatively macro karst forms, especially between the elevation of 1700-2100 m.
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Galicia, M. P., G. W. Thiemann, M. G. Dyck, S. H. Ferguson, and I. Stirling. "Prey selection of polar bears in Foxe Basin, NU, Canada: evidence of dietary flexibility in a specialized predator." Oxford Open Climate Change 1, no. 1 (January 1, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfclm/kgab002.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Ecological flexibility of a species reflects its ability to cope with environmental change. Although polar bears (Ursus maritimus) are experiencing changes in foraging opportunities due to sea ice loss, regional prey availability and environmental conditions will influence the rate and severity of these effects. We examined changes in polar bear diet and the influence of sea ice characteristics in Foxe Basin over an 18-year period. We combined previous fatty acid data from bears harvested from 1999 to 2003 (n = 82) with additional data from 2010 to 2018 (n = 397). Polar bear diets were diverse; however, ringed seal (Pusa hispida) was the primary prey throughout the sample period. Prey contribution varied temporally and spatially, and by intrinsic factors, while the frequency of prey in diets varied over time suggesting that diet estimates reflect the variability in available prey. Bowhead whale (Balaena mysticetus), although still a minor dietary component, has more than doubled in frequency of occurrence in diets in recent years in association with increased scavenging opportunities. Higher dietary levels of beluga whale (Delphinapterus leucas) and harbour seal (Phoca vitulina) were linked to later breakup date suggesting heavier ice conditions may promote access to both prey species. The flexible foraging strategies of bears in Foxe Basin may help mitigate their vulnerability to changes in prey distribution and habitat conditions. Our results provide insights into the importance of alternative and supplemental food sources for polar bears during phenological changes in ice conditions that will likely have consequences to Arctic community structure as warming continues.