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Journal articles on the topic 'Balanced system of indexes'
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1
Yang, Jianhui, and Yaoben Lin. "Study on Evolution of Food Safety Status and Supervision Policy—A System Based on Quantity, Quality, and Development Safety." Sustainability 11, no. 23 (November 25, 2019): 6656. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11236656.
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This paper aims to construct an index system of evaluating food safety status, composed of three sub-systems—quantity safety, quality safety, and development safety. The index system is designed to collect annual data from 2005 to 2017 and run a chronological evaluation on China’s food safety status based on an entropy method. The evaluation results indicate that though China’s food safety supervision effect has been stably sound, the highest score is 0.7392 (in 2017). In addition, the proportions of the above three sub-systems were changed towards a balanced trend, with quality safety rising from less than 7% to 36.19% as a significant part of the evaluation of the effect of food safety supervision. In terms of single indexes, agrochemical input intensity and the ontology of agro-production safety have made relatively great contributions, while the indexes that embody price safety lack stability, and the roles of indexes related to development safety in the effect of food safety supervision have been increasingly recognized and valued.
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Wang, Hong Wei, Yu Liu, Man Zhou, and Shao Yi He. "DEA-Based Measurement of Information System Performance." Key Engineering Materials 467-469 (February 2011): 597–602. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.467-469.597.
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This paper selects YMK-DEA and C2GS2-ISS models for the evaluation of performance of complex information systems. Referring the balanced scorecard, evaluation indexes for IS performance are presented from four perspectives, including finance, customer, internal processes and learning and growth. Taking the information systems from 30 steel sale enterprises as examples, this paper uses YMK-DEA and C2GS2-ISS models to evaluate IS performance from the angles of both technical efficiency and scale efficiency, and compares the results with those from C2R and C2GS2 models. Finally, some suggestions for IS improvement are given.
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He-Kailun and Luo Min. "Research on performance evaluation mechanism of fresh agricultural products distribution system." E3S Web of Conferences 253 (2021): 03061. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202125303061.
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Performance evaluation of fresh agricultural products public distribution system includes evaluation index and evaluation method. The distribution system is a strategic organization, the Balanced ScoreCard method should be used for index design, and the evaluation indexes include distribution enterprises, distribution centers and alliances. For the evaluation method, the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method combining qualitative and quantitative methods is selected. Scientific evaluation mechanism provides the basis for the development strategy of distribution system.
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Sun, Yi Xin. "Research on Key Indicators of Operational Warning System of Grid Enterprises Based on BSC-ISM Method." Advanced Materials Research 860-863 (December 2013): 2507–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.860-863.2507.
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Mainly from the perspective of power grid enterprise, this paper analyzed the impact about operational factors based on balanced score card (BSC) analysis framework, sorted order of key external environmental factors by establishing interpretative structural model (ISM) , put forward to key indicators of operational warning system, and examine the result by principal component analysis. As a result, grid enterprise should pay more attention to 11 factors from 32 operational indexes.
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Кирій, Валентина Василівна, and Дмитро Олександрович Чеченець. "FORMATION OF BUSINESS ENTITY EFFECTIVE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM IN CONDITIONS OF GOVERNMENT MODERATION OF ITS ACTIVITY BASED ON THE BALANCED SYSTEM OF INDEXES." Innovative Technologies and Scientific Solutions for Industries 5, no. 3 (5) (September 26, 2018): 87–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.30837/2522-9818.2018.5.087.
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Patrina, Tat’yana Konstantinovna, and Aleksandra Sergeevna Chekunova. "Elements of accounting in the context of the balanced scorecard construction enterprise." Vestnik MGSU, no. 2 (February 2016): 135–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.22227/1997-0935.2016.2.135-145.
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No doubt that the accounting information in financial and economic life of society is very significant. The actions of economic agents depend on the quality and completeness of the accounting information. An accounting policy of an enterprise is a certain system of ways of accounting, which is approved by the enterprise to help all concerned to get full and correct accounting information. Making solutions on the basis of key performance indicators gives opportunity to analyze the minimal number of quantitative indexes essential for an enterprise, which reflect the degree of achieving the stated goals. The key indicators are the indicators of performance efficiency of both the departments and the enterprise as a whole. A balanced system of indicators helps classifying the key efficiency indicators and establishing interrelation between strategic and operational performance level. The article describes the elements of accounting, in particular methods of assignment to production use of inventory, from the point of their impact on key economic indicators and, consequently, on the overall strategy of the construction enterprise.
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Meng, Gaojun, Yang Lu, Haitao Liu, Yuan Ye, Yukun Sun, and Wenyi Tan. "Adaptive Droop Coefficient and SOC Equalization-Based Primary Frequency Modulation Control Strategy of Energy Storage." Electronics 10, no. 21 (October 29, 2021): 2645. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics10212645.
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In order to efficiently use energy storage resources while meeting the power grid primary frequency modulation requirements, an adaptive droop coefficient and SOC balance-based primary frequency modulation control strategy for energy storage is proposed. Taking the SOC of energy storage battery as the control quantity, the depth of energy storage output is adaptively adjusted to prevent the saturation or exhaustion of energy storage SOC. The balanced control strategy is introduced to realize the rational utilization of resources and the fast balance of SOC in the process of primary frequency modulation of energy storage battery under different charge states. Then, four evaluation indexes are proposed to evaluate the effect of primary frequency modulation and SOC maintenance. Taking a regional power grid as an example, a simulation analysis is carried out under step load disturbance and continuous load disturbance. According to the simulation results, the proposed control strategy is effective in power system frequency regulation and battery SOC maintenance.
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Lakatos, Vilmos, László Erdey, Norbert Szűcs, Attila Rózsa, and Adrián Nagy. "Establishment of the Customer Perspective of the Balanced Scorecard System at Sports Enterprises Through the Example of a Hungarian Football Club." Applied Studies in Agribusiness and Commerce 13, no. 1-2 (December 20, 2019): 5–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.19041/apstract/2019/1-2/1.
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In our present world, more and more attention is being paid to the evaluation and monitoring of different sports organizations, which is because the support of spectator sports has become an important issue. Our fundamental assumption is that football clubs of our time should operate just like large companies in the business sectors. Obviously, it is an essential prerequisite that controlling, a controlling system or a performance measurement system be applied at the business entities operating the clubs. According to our experience, conscious financing of organizations is often neglected in the course of the management processes of sports companies. It is necessary to create the conditions at these organizations that enable managerial decision support and the establishment of a controlling system. It is essential to find controlling methods and tools that can be successfully applied in the life of a sports organization and that ensure the harmonization and coordination of different processes. Consequently, controlling provides a higher level of transparency and information supply for decision makers. The aim of present study is to introduce the Balanced Scorecard (The Balanced Scorecard is a balanced strategic system of indexes, which measures the performance of companies for the sake of implementing the strategy), one of the tools of strategic controlling and its application to sports companies through an example of a Hungarian football club.
JEL Classification: Z23
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Eviyev, V. A., N. G. Ochirov, and N. B. Baskhayev. "Criteria of a balanced system of indices and functional tolerances for efficiency assessment of machine and tractor aggregate on the base of tractor with constant power engine." Traktory i sel hozmashiny 80, no. 9 (September 15, 2013): 21–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/0321-4443-65718.
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During the calculation of permissible regimes by way of adjusting tolerance for setting operation level on current value of the controlled parameter it is necessary to take into consideration probabilistic nature of load and other factors which act continuously and systematically change operational indexes of machine and tractor aggregate.
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Zhao, Ying Chuan. "The Evaluation Index System of China’s Energy Security." Applied Mechanics and Materials 318 (May 2013): 375–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.318.375.
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With the highlighting of the energy security problem, it is particular important to evaluate energy security. At first, this article introduces the conception of energy security, the factors and characteristics of energy system, and the idea of evaluation index. Then according to the framework of goals-elements-evaluation, design an evaluation index that is progressive deduction and three levels-four subsystems, five elements, and forty evaluation indexes. Four subsystems are coal system, the oil and gas system, the power system and the comprehensive evaluation system of energy. Five elements are balance of supply and demand, transportation capacity, mutation effect, economic security, ecological environment. Forty evaluation indexes are storage and mining ratio, transport capacity, impact factor of change suddenly, fluctuation rate of price, SO reduction rate and so on.
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Andryakov, A., E. Gurvich, and A. Chernyavsky. "Agreement of Macroeconomic Forecasts in the Methodology of the System of National Accounts." Voprosy Ekonomiki, no. 8 (August 20, 2006): 65–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.32609/0042-8736-2006-8-65-81.
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In this paper the authors propose the model of agreement (financial balance) of macroeconomic forecasts, budget plans and balance of payments forecasts and the results of experimental calculations of this model for 2006-2008. The urgency of working out special instruments of such agreement is connected with increasing quality demands for medium-term budget plans. The proposed model is increasing the capacities of macroeconomic forecasts qualitative analysis; it explicitly contains resources of consumption and accumulation for major sectors of the economy and the economy as a whole. The financial balance is harmonized with the System of National Accounts and may be used for complex evaluation of the fiscal policy. In particular, it is possible to evaluate the influence of changes in tax regulation on macroeconomic and balance of payments indexes. The model contains net lending / net borrowing indexes for the sectors of the economy and on this base one can make conclusions about lending and borrowing capacities of the given sectors in future.
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Gerez, Cassio, Eduardo Coelho Marques Costa, and Alfeu J. Sguarezi Filho. "Distribution Network Reconfiguration Considering Voltage and Current Unbalance Indexes and Variable Demand Solved through a Selective Bio-Inspired Metaheuristic." Energies 15, no. 5 (February 24, 2022): 1686. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15051686.
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Operation of distribution networks involves a series of criteria that should be met, aiming for the correct and optimal behavior of such systems. Some of the major drawbacks found when studying these networks is the real losses related to them. To overcome this problem, distribution network reconfiguration (DNR) is an efficient tool due to the low costs involved in its implementation. The majority of studies regarding this subject treat the problem by considering networks only as three-phase balanced, modeled as single-phase grids with fixed power demand, which is far from representing the characteristics of real networks (e.g., unbalanced loads, variable power and unbalance indexes). Due to the combinatorial nature of the problem, metaheuristic techniques are powerful tools for the inclusion of such characteristics. In this sense, this paper proposes a study of DNR considering balanced and unbalanced systems with variable power demand. An analysis of the direct influence of voltage unbalance index (VUI) and current unbalance index (CUI) is carried out for unbalanced cases. To solve the DNR problem, a selective bio-inspired metaheuristic based on micro bats’ behavior named the selective bat algorithm (SBAT) is used together with the EPRI-OpenDSS software (California, US, EPRI). Tests are initially conducted on balanced systems, aiming to validate the technique proposed for both demands and state their differences, and then they are conducted on unbalanced systems to study the influence of VUI and CUI in the DNR solution.
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Tang, Ming, Jian Wang, and Xiaohua Wang. "Adaptable Source-Grid Planning for High Penetration of Renewable Energy Integrated System." Energies 13, no. 13 (June 28, 2020): 3304. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13133304.
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To adapt to the growing scale of renewable energy and improve the consume ability of the power system, it is necessary to design a highly adaptable planning scheme for high penetration of the renewable energy integrated system. Thus, this paper firstly gives the conception of system adaptability and designs an adaptability index system, which considers the supply and demand balance, operation state, and network structure of the high penetrated renewable energy integrated system. It can help to comprehensively evaluate the system ability towards uncertain shocks. Then, a two-stage source-grid coordinative expansion planning model is presented. The adaptability indexes of supply and demand balance are used as objection of the source planning stage, the adaptability indexed of the operation state and network structure are used to guide the grid planning stage. The model is further solved based on the coordination between the source and grid planning stage. Finally, the case study verifies that the obtained optimal plan has good adaptability to the impact of renewable energy on the power supply capacity and security operation.
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Zhang, Kai Guang, Ming Ting Ba, and Hong Ling Meng. "Study on the Influence of High Speed Rail on Urban Accessibility in Henan Province." Applied Mechanics and Materials 858 (November 2016): 305–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.858.305.
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Based on the traffic network in Henan province, the accessibility index is designed by using the population weighted average of inverse of time distance to evaluate the influence of the high-speed railway system on the city accessibilities, and the perfection degree of highway traffic system in the region. The results show that by the early 2016, the accessibility indexes generated by the highway traffic system have the characteristics of normal distribution with relatively obvious differences between cities and relatively unbalanced distribution pattern. The construction of high-speed railway has largely improved the city accessibility levels along the railway lines, makes overall provincial accessibility increasing more than 33.51 percent, and shortens the distance between the accessibility center and population distribution center. However, there is still long distance between them, as the southeast and southwest part in the province with very poor accessibility levels, which should be improved by further perfecting the highway traffic system in these areas in order to maintain a balanced regional economic development.
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Chi, Guotai, and Bin Meng. "Debt rating model based on default identification." Management Decision 57, no. 9 (October 15, 2019): 2239–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/md-11-2017-1109.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to propose a debt rating index system for small industrial enterprises that significantly distinguishes the default state. This debt rating system is constructed using the F-test and correlation analysis method, with the small industrial enterprise loans of a Chinese commercial bank as the data sample. This study establishes the weighting principle for the debt scoring model: “the more significant the default state, the larger is the weight.” The debt rating system for small industrial enterprises is constructed based on the standard “the higher the debt rating, the lower is the loss given default.” Design/methodology/approach In this study, the authors selected indexes that pass the homogeneity of variance test based on the principle that a greater deviation of the default sample’s mean from the whole sample’s mean leads to greater significance in distinguishing the default samples from the non-default samples. The authors removed correlated indexes based on the results of the correlation analysis and constructed a debt rating index system for small industrial enterprises that included 23 indexes. Findings Among the 23 indexes, the weights of 12 quantitative indexes add up to 0.547, while the weights of the remaining 11 qualitative indexes add up to 0.453. That is, in the debt rating of the small industry enterprises, the financial indexes are not capable of reflecting all the debt situations, and the qualitative indexes play a more important role in debt rating. The weights of indexes “X17 Outstanding loans to all assets ratio” and “X59 Date of the enterprise establishment” are 0.146 and 0.133, respectively; both these are greater than 0.1, and the indexes are ranked first and second, respectively. The weights of indexes “X6 EBIT-to- current liabilities ratio,” “X13 Ratio of capital to fixed” and “X78 Legal dispute number” are between 0.07 and 0.09, these indexes are ranked third to fifth. The weights of indexes “X3 Quick ratio” and “X50 Per capital year-end savings balance of Urban and rural residents” are both 0.013, and these are the lowest ranked indexes. Originality/value The data of index i are divided into two categories: default and non-default. A greater deviation in the mean of the default sample from that of the whole sample leads to greater deviation from the non-default sample’s mean as well; thus, the index can easily distinguish the default and the non-default samples. Following this line of thought, the authors select indexes that pass the F-test for the debt rating system that identifies whether or not the sample is default. This avoids the disadvantages of the existing research in which the standard for selecting the index has nothing to do with the default state; further, this presents a new way of debt rating. When the correlation coefficient of two indexes is greater than 0.8, the index with the smaller F-value is removed because of its weaker prediction capacity. This avoids the mistake of eliminating an index that has strong ability to distinguish default and non-default samples. The greater the deviation of the default sample’s mean from the whole sample’s mean, the greater is the capability of the index to distinguish the default state. According to this rule, the authors assign a larger weight to the index that exhibits the ability to identify the default state. This is different from the existing index system, which does not take into account the ability to identify the default state.
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Gong, Yuexiong, Wei Ying, Yunxun Yu, XiaoZhong Zhou, and Xiaping Fan. "Research on the Key Performance Evaluation Methods of Enterprises Using BSC and KPI Based on Analytic Hierarchy Process ---- Illustrated by the Case of Hangzhou Cigarette Factory." E3S Web of Conferences 251 (2021): 01067. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202125101067.
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Taking Hangzhou cigarette factory as an example, this paper establishes a key performance index system through integrating the balanced scorecard (BSC) and key performance index (KPI). The index system includes the first-level and 13 second-level indicators in four dimensions of finance, customers, internal processes, as well as learning and growth. Through Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method, it constructs an evaluation model of key corporate performance, finally achieves the actual performance levels of the enterprise, as well as puts forward the improvement suggestions. This evaluation method mainly includes the steps of determining the domain of evaluation factors at all levels, determining the evaluation level, determining fuzzy weight vectors of various indexes, establishing the fuzzy relation matrix and calculating comprehensive evaluation results. It has high accuracy in the process of performance evaluation, which has certain reference and guiding significance for improving the comprehensive competitiveness.
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Nahla M, Ibrahim, Salem Elham El-Sayed, Abd-Elraouf Ehab Ragaa, and Abd El hamid Amr Abd El Ghafar. "Mechanical vestibular stimulation versus traditional balance exercises in children with Down syndrome." African Health Sciences 22, no. 1 (April 29, 2022): 377–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ahs.v22i1.46.
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Background: regaining balance control is the key to decrease risk of falls in children with Down syndrome.
Objectives: To compare between the effect of mechanical vestibular stimulation and balance exercises on balance in children with Down syndrome.
Methods: Thirty children participated in the study. They were divided randomly and equally into; group A and group B, both groups received the designed program with regular balance exercises for group A and mechanical vestibular stimulation for group B, treatment was conducted for one hour 3 times per week for 3 successive months. Balance as stability indexes (regarding anteroposterior, mediolateral and over all stability indexes) was evaluated before and after treatment by Biodex balance system.
Results: T-test was conducted to compare the mean values of stability indexes between groups. Non-significant difference between groups was recorded before treatment (p value > 0.05), while improvement was recorded when comparing post and pretreatment results for both groups (p > 0.0001). More significant improvement was recorded for group B when comparing the post treatment results with group A (p > 0.05).
Conclusion: Mechanical vestibular stimulation is better added to the rehabilitation program to improve balance in children with Down syndrome.
Keywords: Balance exercises; down syndrome; mechanical vestibular stimulation.
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Mutani, Guglielmina, Edoardo De Nicolò, Laura Blaso, Simonetta Fumagalli, and Antonella Tundo. "The Role of the Internal Heat Gains for Artificial Lighting on the Energy Performance of Buildings." International Journal of Heat and Technology 39, no. 5 (October 31, 2021): 1395–404. http://dx.doi.org/10.18280/ijht.390501.
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This paper aims to propose a procedure for calculating the energy performance indexes of buildings considering the seasonality of internal gains due to artificial lighting with a monthly quasi-steady-state energy balance. The proposed methodology evaluates the heat gains due to the integrated natural-artificial lighting system with the Lighting Energy Numerical Indicator (LENI). For the evaluation of buildings’ global energy performance and for some energy services, this contribution cannot be considered constant annually as depend strongly by climate conditions. The effect of daylighting, type of light sources-luminaires, building orientation and shading devices could influence lighting contribution of the internal heat gains. Then, the proposed methodology evaluates the internal heat gains with monthly energy balances. This methodology was applied to the case study of the "Brancaccio" retirement home in Matera (IT) for which the values of the energy performance indexes were compared with the standard normative approach using constant internal heat gains. The results of this work underline the importance of performing a detailed analysis that considers the availability of natural light in the different months of the year, the efficiency of the different lighting systems and their power installed per unit of area as a function of the lighting comfort requirements in the different types of environments.
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Dąbrowska, Aneta, Marzena A. Olszewska-Karaban, Anna K. Permoda-Białozorczyk, and Dominika A. Szalewska. "The Postural Control Indexes during Unipodal Support in Patients with Idiopathic Scoliosis." BioMed Research International 2020 (July 4, 2020): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/7936095.
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Proper posture provides the best balance and body stability at minimal muscular effort. It is constantly controlled by the central nervous system, which integrates the stimuli from the proprioceptors (deep feeling sensors), vision receptors, and balance receptors through the subcortical structures. The main purpose of the study was to describe single stance stability and its correlation with the degree of scoliosis and trunk rotation among patients suffering from idiopathic scoliosis and in the control group without scoliosis. The study included 80 patients (69 girls and 11 boys) and 40 healthy children without scoliosis (21 girls and 19 boys). The Cobb angle technique was used to determine the magnitude of the deformity. All subjects were divided into three subgroups according to Bogdanov’s classification. Single stance stability with eyes open and eyes closed was assessed with an electronic postural station—Delos Postural Proprioceptive System (DPPS). In case of multiple group comparisons for variables with normal distribution ANOVA with Scheffe, post hoc test was used or Kruskal-Wallis test was used as the nonparametric equivalent. The relationship between the two continuous variables was investigated using either Pearson product-moment correlation or Spearman’s rank correlation. In all these calculations, the statistical significance level was set to p<0.05. The single stance test showed a significant difference between the stability index with eyes open and stability index with eyes closed in study and control groups. The character of these alterations is influenced by the degree of trunk rotation. The degree of scoliosis according to Bogdanov classification does not determine the decrease in stability indexes. In summary, significantly lower values of the stability index during one-leg standing with eyes closed indicated balance impairment, which is mainly connected with inadequate functioning of the proprioceptive system.
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Wang, Yijing. "Stability Analysis Model of Eco Economic System based on Discrete Selection." Tobacco Regulatory Science 7, no. 6 (November 3, 2021): 6375–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.18001/trs.7.6.110.
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The internal structure of eco-economic system is relatively complex, and its stability is easily affected by external environmental factors such as region, which results in poor accuracy of die results of its analysis. Based on this, the stability analysis model of eco-economic system based on discrete selection is proposed. In order to improve the accuracy of eco-economic system analysis, the characteristics of discrete selection model are analyzed. Based on the principles of scientificity, practicability, regionality, operability and dynamic, and the comprehensive development of four sub-systems of economy, land, environment and society, the indexes of economy, land, environment and society are selected to build the stability evaluation of eco-economic system Price index system: through adjusting the structure of resource utilization, the indexes are selected hierarchically to truly reflect the structure of resource utilization. The weight of each index is obtained by AHP, and the component of each index in the evaluation system is reasonably divided. According to the theory of stochastic utility, the elements of discrete selection model are analyzed, and then the discrete selection model is constructed. By studying the close degree of each evaluation object and ideal solution, the stability analysis of ecological economic system is realized. The experimental results show that the influence of the proposed model on net income per unit is relatively stable at the positive and negative balance points, which is consistent with the actual situation., and the shortest analysis time is 1.2 min, which is feasible.
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Kołoszko-Chomentowska, Zofia. "ECONOMIC AND ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY OF AGRICULTURAL HOLDINGS WITHOUT ANIMAL PRODUCTION." Annals of the Polish Association of Agricultural and Agribusiness Economists XIX, no. 4 (October 10, 2017): 124–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0010.5175.
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This article undertakes to evaluate the economic and environmental sustainability of agricultural holdings not engaged in animal production. Studies covered agricultural holdings in the Podlaskie voivodeship included in the FADN system in 2014. The evaluation accounts for selected agri-ecological indicators, supplemented by material pressure indexes and economic indexes (profitability of land and labour). Obtained results indicate that environmental sustainability conditions were met only with regard to the vegetation cover index but were not met with regard to the remaining indexes (share of permanent grasslands, crop structure, balance of organic substances). Holdings without animals exerted lesser pressure on the environment than holdings engaged in animal production from the perspective of consumption of means of production. Both groups of holdings did not achieve economic sustainability. Income parity in 2014 amounted to 0.73 for holdings without animals and 0.84 for holdings with animal productions.
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Nazari-Shirkouhi, Salman, Saeed Mousakhani, Mahdokht Tavakoli, Mohammad Reza Dalvand, Jonas Šaparauskas, and Jurgita Antuchevičienė. "IMPORTANCE-PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS BASED BALANCED SCORECARD FOR PERFORMANCE EVALUATION IN HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS: AN INTEGRATED FUZZY APPROACH." Journal of Business Economics and Management 21, no. 3 (April 15, 2020): 647–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/jbem.2020.11940.
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Recognizing the state of the universities and disrupting their functions by performance evaluation helps them adopt more appropriate educational, research and institutional policies to conduct a university system. In this paper, the importance of the services provided and the activities of the university are determined by means of the balanced scorecard (BSC) approach, and the performance assessment structure is implemented based on an integrated fuzzy multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) approach. For this purpose, interdependencies between BSC aspects and effective indicators weight are determined by Fuzzy Decision-Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory (FDEMATEL) and Fuzzy Analytic Network Process (FANP) methods, respectively. Accordingly, the final weight of the effective indexes on the performance evaluation of university is presented and the educational income is recognized as one of the most important indicators. Finally, the priorities of universities are specified in order to improve the performance and policy making by the importance-performance analysis (IPA). Therefore, the growth of the number of students should be considered as one of the most important stages in improving university performance in the future in order to achieve educational income. Moreover, the guidelines for universities and higher education institutions are presented to identify key factors in implementing and improving performance.
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Ye, Chang, Kan Cao, Haiteng Han, Ziwen Liu, Defu Cai, and Dan Liu. "Cluster Partition Method of Large-Scale Grid-Connected Distributed Generations considering Expanded Dynamic Time Scenarios." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2022 (February 16, 2022): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/1934992.
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The reasonable clustering of large-scale distributed generations (DGs) can optimize the scheduling control and operation monitoring of the power grid, which ensures the orderly and efficient integration of DGs into the power system. In this article, the influence of internal and external flexible resources is considered in the DG cluster partition, and the comprehensive performance indexes with expanded dynamic time scenario are proposed to realize the dynamic cluster partition. Firstly, the active and reactive power balance indexes considering the flexible resources are derived, which forms the comprehensive index together with the structure index. Then, the comprehensive index is expanded to the dynamic forms, which reflects the real-time cluster performance, and the cluster partition method is given with the genetic algorithm. Finally, the effectiveness verification of the proposed cluster partition method is carried out with the 14- and 33-bus systems.
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Glonti, Vladimer, Miras Zhiyenbayev, and Rezo Manvelidze. "The method of estimating the regional budgetary process." MATEC Web of Conferences 212 (2018): 08029. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201821208029.
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None of the territorial authorities would be able to perform the functions of management of economic and social processes in their territories, to make adequate decisions appropriate in concrete situations, without knowing the status of their territorial budget. An analysis of the budgetary process includes several directions of research characteristic of its different phases. At the stage of budgeting it includes an expert study of the budget in terms of justification of its basic parameters. At the stage of implementation, it includes an operational analysis of the current state budget and a systematic study of trends in the income and expenditure budget. The final stage includes an analysis of the effectiveness and efficiency of use of budgetary resources. On this basis, the paper presents a system of indexes which makes it possible to assess the quality of the regional budget process and to identify the causes of breaches of development. It includes: 1. indexes specific to the structure of regional budget revenues and the dynamics of the relations between them; 2. absolute and relative indexes of the regional budget balance, 3. indexes of the income and expenditure proportionality in the budget; 4. a rhythmic analysis of expenditure from budgetary funds within the current budget; and 5. indexes of regional budget liquidity.
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Arifin, Nooranida, Noor Azuan Abu Osman, and Wan Abu Bakar Wan Abas. "Intrarater Test-Retest Reliability of Static and Dynamic Stability Indexes Measurement Using the Biodex Stability System During Unilateral Stance." Journal of Applied Biomechanics 30, no. 2 (April 2014): 300–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jab.2013-0130.
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The measurements of postural balance often involve measurement error, which affects the analysis and interpretation of the outcomes. In most of the existing clinical rehabilitation research, the ability to produce reliable measures is a prerequisite for an accurate assessment of an intervention after a period of time. Although clinical balance assessment has been performed in previous study, none has determined the intrarater test-retest reliability of static and dynamic stability indexes during dominant single stance. In this study, one rater examined 20 healthy university students (female = 12, male = 8) in two sessions separated by 7 day intervals. Three stability indexes—the overall stability index (OSI), anterior/posterior stability index (APSI), and medial/lateral stability index (MLSI) in static and dynamic conditions—were measured during single dominant stance. Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), standard error measurement (SEM) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) were calculated. Test-retest ICCs for OSI, APSI, and MLSI were 0.85, 0.78, and 0.84 during static condition and were 0.77, 0.77, and 0.65 during dynamic condition, respectively. We concluded that the postural stability assessment using Biodex stability system demonstrates good-to-excellent test-retest reliability over a 1 week time interval.
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Top, Elif, Cagri Celenk, Irfan Marangoz, Zait Aktug, Taner Yilmaz, and Mustafa Akil. "The Effect of Somatotype Characteristics of Athletes on the Balance Performance." Journal of Education and Learning 7, no. 5 (July 20, 2018): 174. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jel.v7n5p174.
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Our study aims to investigate the effects of somatotype characteristics of elite athletes on the balance performances. The study has included 46 elite athletes totally. The heights, body weights, skinfold thicknesses, periphery and diameter of skinfold of the subjects included in the study have been measured and somatotype characteristics have been determined by using Heath-Carter method. The balance performances of the athletes have been evaluated by using Biodex Balance System. It has been determined that the dynamic balance performance of the athletes has changed in accordance with the endomorph, mesomorph and ectomorph characteristics of the athletes; however, static balance performances have not changed. Accordingly, no difference has been observed between the oscillation indexes and static balances of the athletes (p>0.05), whereas a significant difference has been found as the balance level increases in accordance with the endomorph, mesomorph and ectomorph characteristics of the athletes in terms of dynamic balances (p<0.01, p<0.05, p<0.001). In conclusion, it is assumed that the athletes having endomorphic characteristics may be more successful in the sports branches that put an emphasis on the balance.
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Ji, Changming, Xiaoqing Liang, Yang Peng, Yanke Zhang, Xiaoran Yan, and Jiajie Wu. "Multi-Dimensional Interval Number Decision Model Based on Mahalanobis-Taguchi System with Grey Entropy Method and Its Application in Reservoir Operation Scheme Selection." Water 12, no. 3 (March 3, 2020): 685. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w12030685.
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In decision-making with interval numbers, there are problems such as how to reduce the loss of decision information to improve decision accuracy and the difficulty of using interval numbers for sorting. On the basis of fully considering the subjective and objective weights of indexes, the grey entropy method (GEM) is improved by taking advantage of the Mahalanobis-Taguchi System (MTS) in which the orthogonal design has few tests but much obtained information, and the Mahalanobis distance can reflect the correlation between indexes. Then, the signal-to-noise ratio is integrated with the improved degree of balance and approach, and a multi-dimensional interval number decision model based on MTS and GEM is put forth. This model is applied to selecting the optimal scheme of controlling the Pankou reservoir’s water level in flood season. Compared with the decision results of other methods, the optimal scheme selected by the proposed model can achieve greater benefits within an acceptable risk range and thus better coordinate the balance between risk and benefit, which verifies the feasibility and validity of the model.
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Allini, Alessandra, Luca Ferri, Marco Maffei, and Annamaria Zampella. "From Accountability to Readability in the Public Sector: Evidence from Italian Universities." International Journal of Business and Management 12, no. 3 (February 21, 2017): 27. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ijbm.v12n3p27.
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This paper aims to explore the readability of the disclosure provided by Italian universities that changed their accounting systems to accrual accounting over the past three years. The transition from cash to accrual accounting not only concerns financial statements, but also the related notes. Indeed, the Italian government has paid great attention to the narrative sections of reports due to their capacity to provide more transparency. To provide better accountability, financial statements must be readable for all stakeholders. We used two different indexes, namely the Gunning fog and GULPEase indexes. The analysis was conducted on a sample of universities to analyze the narrative sections of the first financial statements prepared according to the new accounting system in 2012–2014. The final sample comprised 32 Italian universities. The research results demonstrated low readability in the balance sheets of Italian universities after switching to accrual accounting, illustrating an unsatisfactory level of accountability.
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Mourão Filho, Francisco de Assis Alves, and João Carlos Azevedo. "DRIS norms for 'Valencia' sweet orange on three rootstocks." Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira 38, no. 1 (January 2003): 85–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0100-204x2003000100012.
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Diagnosis and Recommendation Integrated System (DRIS) applies nutrient ratios instead of the isolated concentration values of each nutrient in interpretation of tissue analysis. The objectives of this research were to establish adequate DRIS norms for 'Valencia' sweet orange irrigated commercial groves budded on three rootstocks and correlate indexes of nutrition balance with yield. Experiments were conducted in São Paulo State, Brazil. Rootstocks Rangpur lime, Caipira sweet orange, and Poncirus trifoliata, with more than six years old and yield above 40 ton ha-1 were utilized. Data referred to yield, tree spacing, rootstock and foliar concentrations of N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn, and B in non fruiting terminals for each grove were processed for the years 1994 through 1998. DRIS indexes were calculated by Nick criterion for choosing the ratio order of the nutrients and Jones calculation method of the ratio functions. Indexes of nutritional balance calculated from DRIS norms presented high correlation with yield for the three scion/rootstock combinations. DRIS norms defined in this research are valid, since leaf sampling is done on non fruiting terminals and the grove is irrigated.
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Fenner, William, Rivanildo Dallacort, Cleonir A. Faria Junior, Paulo S. L. de Freitas, Tadeu M. de Queiroz, and Adalberto Santi. "Development, calibration and validation of weighing lysimeters for measurement of evapotranspiration of crops." Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental 23, no. 4 (April 2019): 297–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v23n4p297-302.
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ABSTRACT The evapotranspiration process is critical to studies on the water balance and water demand of crops and can be determined by several methods. A widely-used method, despite its high installation costs, is weighing lysimeters, which consists of a box over a balance connected to a load cell that monitors variations in the soil-water-plant-atmosphere system. The aim of this study was to develop and calibrate six weighing lysimeters (with dimensions of 1.5 x 1.5 x 1.2 m each) by high precision load cells, testing their ability to measure water mass changes in field conditions and cultivated with common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), in the city of Tangará da Serra, in the state of Mato Grosso, Brazil. All lysimeters showed coefficients of determination higher than 0.99, as well as Willmott indexes, correlation and high confidence indexes, indicating that the equipment is suitable for measuring mass variations in water balance and evapotranspiration studies, representing the reality which occurred in the field.
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Liu, Kexin, Weimin Bao, Yufeng Hu, Yiqun Sun, Dongjing Li, Kuang Li, and Lili Liang. "Improvement in Ridge Coefficient Optimization Criterion for Ridge Estimation-Based Dynamic System Response Curve Method in Flood Forecasting." Water 13, no. 24 (December 7, 2021): 3483. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w13243483.
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The ridge estimation-based dynamic system response curve (DSRC-R) method, which is an improvement of the dynamic system response curve (DSRC) method via the ridge estimation method, has illustrated its good robustness. However, the optimization criterion for the ridge coefficient in the DSRC-R method still needs further study. In view of this, a new optimization criterion called the balance and random degree criterion considering the sum of squares of flow errors (BSR) is proposed in this paper according to the properties of model-simulated residuals. In this criterion, two indexes, namely, the random degree of simulated residuals and the balance degree of simulated residuals, are introduced to describe the independence and the zero mean property of simulated residuals, respectively. Therefore, the BSR criterion is constructed by combining the sum of squares of flow errors with the two indexes. The BSR criterion, L-curve criterion and the minimum sum of squares of flow errors (MSSFE) criterion are tested on both synthetic cases and real-data cases. The results show that the BSR criterion is better than the L-curve criterion in minimizing the sum of squares of flow residuals and increasing the ridge coefficient optimization speed. Moreover, the BSR criterion has an advantage over the MSSFE criterion in making the estimated rainfall error more stable.
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Sadkovskaya, Oxana. "Possibilities of development of ecovillages on the territory of Rostov Region." Урбанистика, no. 2 (February 2020): 27–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.7256/2310-8673.2020.2.32813.
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The subject of this research is the potential for transformation of diminishing rural settlements into ecovillages. The object of this research is the existing rural settlements with a population of 100-500 people on the territory of Rostov Region. Special attention is given to current challenges faced by the existing system of resettlement, which include the local consequences of climatic changes, anthropogenic influence, pandemic, etc. On the one hand, concentration of resources in the cities ensures their more rational distribution; but on the other hand, the urban lifestyle increases the consumption of various resources. Under current conditions, the ratio of urban and rural residents can be more balanced, since there are all necessary technologies and resources. The research is conducted on the basis of analysis of statistical indexes, assessment of information from geoinformation databases, and documentation of territorial planning. The author analyzes the possibility for transformation of the diminishing rural settlements into ecovillages on the territory of Rostov Region. Recommendations are made on the improvement of the system of resettlement in Rostov Region through development of various types of resettlement. The integration of unprecedented technological capabilities and rural lifestyle can become a new identity characteristic for the XXI century.
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Daneshjoo, Abdolhamid, Ali Hoseinpour, Hassan Sadeghi, Aref Kalantari, and David George Behm. "The Effect of a Handball Warm-Up Program on Dynamic Balance among Elite Adolescent Handball Players." Sports 10, no. 2 (January 31, 2022): 18. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sports10020018.
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This study examined the effect of the handball warm-up program (HWP) on dynamic balance among elite adolescent handball players. In this case, 24 handball players were randomly assigned into experimental warm-up and control groups. The HWP was performed over 8 weeks (3 times per week). Dynamic balance before and after the intervention training programs were measured by the Biodex Balance System (BBS) and Y Balance test for the dominant (DL) and non-dominant legs (non-DL). After HWP training, BBS scores significantly improved in the overall (OSI) (30.4% and 31.1%), anterior-posterior (APSI) (44.6% and 35.2%), and medial-lateral stability indexes (MLSI) (38.8% and 43%) for both DL and non-DL. Post-training, the Y Balance test exhibited significant improvements in OSI (13.2% and 10.6%), anterior (17.2% and 12.6%), posteriolateral (12.8% and 11.3%), and posteriomedial stability indexes (9.2% and 7.9%) with DL and non-DL, respectively. In conclusion, dynamic balance improved overall after eight weeks of the HWP, with this improvement significantly greater with the trained versus the control group. Optimal balance during handball is an important factor to ensure coordinated and efficient movements and it is speculated that improved balance could positively impact injury prevention. Hence, the HWP program can be used as an alternative to a conventional warm-up program.
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Uriarte, Urtza, Jose Miguel Rico-Martinez, Joan L. Zamora, and Rufino J. Hernández. "Transition Planes for Visual Comfort: Out View with Complex Fenestration System Design at Restaurants in Spain." Energies 14, no. 7 (March 30, 2021): 1906. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14071906.
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This work deals with daylighting for quality indoor atmospheres, considering building skins. In recent years, almost all retrofit facades of restaurants are highly glazed façades, boosting glare, sun ray absorption and overheating inside. Most of the time, they are not integrated with daylight control; therefore, lighting and out view requirements are not so balanced. Taking into account this daylighting complexity, an alternative façade system is proposed to simulate by Radiance. Previously, perception simulations are compared with measured data, in order to discretize the simulations. In addition, for one point three different view are assessed as: work plane, relation plane and the out plane. Subsequently, two virtual façade models, windows combined by complex fenestration system (CFS) as prismatic film (PF) and highly glazed façade, are tested according to daylighting. For that, three indexes have been used: daylight glare probability (DGP), daylight glare index (DGI) and daylight autonomy (DA). The results show that the proposed complex façade has a good light contribution with less absorption, while maintaining the outside view. In addition, the DGI is needed to test the out plane, because DGP is more suitable for lower luminance; therefore, each visual plane should be assessed regarding different visual comfort conditions, or parameters and methods. Accordingly, the mean DGI result of window combined by CFS is approximately lower in 5% than highly glazed façade. However, the DA of highly glazed is higher in 5%, but the DA of window combined by CFS is enough, above 80%. Definitely, the complex scene at restaurant with the proposed integrated façade system improves light performance and indoor atmosphere.
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Porhajašová, Jana, Jaroslav Noskovič, Alena Rakovská, Mária Babošová, and Terézia Čeryová. "Biodiversity And Dynamics Of Occurence Of Epigeic Groups In Different Types Of Farming." Acta Horticulturae et Regiotectuare 18, no. 1 (May 1, 2015): 5–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ahr-2015-0002.
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Abstract The aim of this work was to determine and compare the occurrence of epigeic groups in two methods of farming, ecological one and integrated one. The research was conducte in the locality Nitra – Dolná Malanta in the years 2013 and 2014. The monitoring locality is situated in the south-western part of Slovakia, in altitude 175–180 m on highly productive soils. For the collection of biological material, the earth traps method was applied, used during the vegetation period (from April to October), within both farming systems, at Hordeum sativum, Triticum aestivum and Vicia faba undersowing with Medicago sativa. In canopy of these crops, two soil traps were installed, renewed in monthly intervals. The total of 7,722 exemplars of epigeic groups was obtained, of which 4,355 exemplars were in ecological farming and 3,367 exemplars in integrated farming system. In both treatments, 19 epigeic groups were determined, with dominant abundance of Coleoptera, Collembola, Acarina, Araneae. Also other groups such as Diplopoda, Heteroptera, Chilopoda etc. were observed in lower occurrence. Based on the evaluation of influence of the crop in terms of the occurrence of epigeic groups, the most suitable conditions created Vicia faba with undersowing Medicago sativa (integrated farming) and Triticum aestivum (ecological farming). On the basis of calculated indexes, both farming systems can be evaluated as homeostatically balanced, providing present epigeic groups with topical and trophic conditions.
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Luo, Zezhou, and Lin Xu. "Research on LQR controller of control torque gyro self-balancing vehicle based on QPSO optimization." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2258, no. 1 (April 1, 2022): 012071. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2258/1/012071.
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Abstract The LQR control method based on quantum particle swarm optimization (QPSO) is used to solve the balance problem of the control torque gyro self-balancing vehicle. Firstly, the system dynamics model was established by Lagrange method, and the fitness function of mixed indexes was designed, and the system was simulated numerically. Finally, compared with the results of double closed-loop PID control and LQR control using empirical method, the performance of each algorithm in vehicle body balance control is analyzed. The results show that the LQR control algorithm based on PSO optimization can quickly adjust the roll Angle from the initial Angle to the balance position, and has a faster response time, smaller overshoot, and a stronger ability to resist external interference for the balance control of the torque gyro balancing vehicle.
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Xin-xin, HU, and Chen Chun-lan. "MSHE-PWM Control of Modular Multilevel Direct Current Transmission System." Open Electrical & Electronic Engineering Journal 9, no. 1 (November 4, 2015): 553–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874129001509010553.
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In order to optimize the electric energy quality of HVDC access point, a modular multilevel selective harmonic elimination pulse-width modulation (MSHE-PWM) method is proposed. On the basis of keeping the minimum action frequency of the power device, MSHE-PWM method can meet the requirement for accurately eliminating low-order harmonics in the output PWM waveform. Firstly, establish the basic mathematical model of MMC topology and point out the voltage balance control principle of single modules; then, analyze offline gaining principle and realization way of MSHEPWM switching angle; finally, verify MSHE-PWM control performance on the basis of MMC reactive power compensation experimental prototype. The experimental result shows that the proposed MSHE-PWM method can meet such performance indexes as low switching frequency and no lower-order harmonics, and has verified the feasibility and effectiveness thereof for optimizing the electric energy quality of HVDC access point.
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Vornanen, Vesa-Jukka, Josu Takala, and Yang Liu. "Implementing Sustainable Competitive Advantage to the Public Sector’s Management System – By Sense and Respond Methodology in Facilities Services Unit’s Preparedness." Management and Production Engineering Review 4, no. 3 (September 1, 2013): 76–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/mper-2013-0031.
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Abstract How to ensure that the various levels of the organization are operating in accordance with a common strategy? According to the Hallberg committee’s Preparedness and comprehensive security report [1] the key challenges the public sector organization faces lies in finding new ways of operating horizontally across various levels of administration. This paper aims to develop the preparedness in the target organization by strategy’s resource-based identification for implementing sustainable competitive advantages to the public sector’s management system. The research methods used are a case study and surveys, which were connected by the analytical hierarchy process based form and two sense and respond (S&R) based forms. The longitudinal data for the surveys were collected in two phases and analyzed with the balanced critical factor index method [2] and transformational leadership indexes (TLI) with technology levels [3]. The BCFI & TLI method identifies and clarifies the unit’s development and risk factors. According to [4] during the process of sense and respond, it is important to develop an operational strategy adjustment system by utilizing critical factor evaluation. As [5] describes in her dissertation if there were clear goals defined for the quality of the (public) services the natural choice of the approach in the purpose of evaluation for accountability would be the goal-attainment evaluation. The innovative findings lay the groundwork for the decision makers to focus efforts and readjust the operations of the target organization in order to achieve operational sustainable competitive advantage (OSCA).
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Silva, Tatiana P. N. da, Héliton Pandorfi, and Cristiane Guiselini. "Energy balance in the poultry-shed system and its influence on broiler performance." Engenharia Agrícola 35, no. 4 (August 2015): 613–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1809-4430-eng.agric.v35n4p613-624/2015.
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ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to determine the energy balance of the poultry-shed system and its effect on broiler performance during the production cycle. The experimental design was completely random with sub-divided blocks. The blocks were composed of five different types of sheds and the sub-blocks of the evaluation times (00:00 h to 23:00 h), allowing an analysis of variance and a comparison between means with the Tukey test. There were no significant differences between the mean values of the exchanges of sensible, latent and total heat between the poultry sheds but the differences for the evaluation times were significant (P<0.05). There was no significant difference between sheds 1 and 4 for broiler productive performance regarding weight gain, feed consumption and feed conversion. Bird performance was significant (P<0.05) for the remaining poultry sheds. The productive indexes remained below the ranges considered ideal for broilers and values in the final weeks were characterized by the poor installation efficiency in controlling temperature variations and, consequently, the energy balance in the system, which adversely affected bird productive performance.
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Yue, Dequan, Wuyi Yue, and Guoxi Zhao. "Analysis of an M/M/cQueueing System with Impatient Customers and Synchronous Vacations." Journal of Applied Mathematics 2014 (2014): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/893094.
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We consider an M/M/cqueueing system with impatient customers and a synchronous vacation policy, where customer impatience is due to the servers’ vacation. Whenever a system becomes empty, all the servers take a vacation. If the system is still empty, when the vacation ends, all the servers take another vacation; otherwise, they return to serve the queue. We develop the balance equations for the steady-state probabilities and solve the equations by using the probability generating function method. We obtain explicit expressions of some important performance measures by means of the two indexes. Based on these, we obtain some results about limiting behavior for some performance measures. We derive closed-form expressions of some important performance measures for two special cases. Finally, some numerical results are also presented.
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Arias, Rodrigo A., Gonzalo Guajardo, Stefan Kunick, Christian Alvarado-Gilis, and Juan Pablo Keim. "Effect of Two Nutritional Strategies to Balance Energy and Protein Supply in Fattening Heifers on Performance, Ruminal Metabolism, and Carcass Characteristics." Animals 10, no. 5 (May 14, 2020): 852. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani10050852.
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Latin America is an important contributor to the worldwide beef business, but in general, there are limited studies considering strategies to reduce nitrogen contamination in their production systems. The study’s goal was to assess the effect of two nutritional strategies to balance energy and protein supply in fattening heifers on performance, ruminal metabolism, and carcass characteristics. A total of 24 crossbred heifers (initial body weight ’BW ’of 372 ± 36 kg) were used to create two blocks (based on live weight) of two pens each, that were equipped with individual feeders. Within each block, half of the animals were assigned to a diet based on tabular Crude Protein (CP) requirements denominated Crude Protein Diet ‘CPD’ but without a ruminal degradable protein balance. The other half received a diet denominated Metabolizable Protein Diet ‘MPD’, formulated with the metabolizable protein system, balanced for the ruminal degradable protein. Both diets had the same ingredients and as well as similar synchrony indexes (0.80 and 0.83, respectively). For nitrogen concentration in feces and urine as well as microbial crude protein synthesis, a total of 12 heifers (three per pen) were randomly selected to collect samples. The dataset was analyzed as a randomized complete block design with a 5% significance. No diet × time interaction was observed for Average Daily Gain ’ADG’ (p = 0.89), but there was an effect of the time on ADG (p ≤ 0.001). No differences were observed neither for final weight, dry matter intake ’DMI’, and feed conversion rate (p > 0.05). Heifers fed with CPD showed greater cold carcass weight (p = 0.041), but without differences in ribeye area, backfat thickness, pH, dressing %, and marbling (p > 0.05). Differences between diets were observed for the in vitro parameters as well as for the Total Volatile Fatty Acids ’VFA’ and NH3 (p < 0.05). Total N concentrations (urine + feces) of heifers fed with MDP was lower than in those fed with the CPD (p < 0.01), but no differences were observed in microbial protein, purine derivatives, and creatinine (p > 0.05). We conclude that the combination of synchrony and the metabolizable protein system achieve greater efficiency in the use of nitrogen, without negatively affecting animals’ performance or the quality of the carcass.
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Otavina, E. A., O. V. Dolgikh, K. G. Starkova, O. A. Kazakova, and A. A. Mazunina. "СHANGES OF IMMUNOREGULATORY INDEXES IN CHILDREN EXPOSED TO STRONTIUM." Medical Immunology (Russia) 20, no. 6 (December 15, 2018): 899–904. http://dx.doi.org/10.15789/1563-0625-2018-6-899-904.
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Evaluation of the immune system parameters can be used in order to assess capacity to adapt under conditions of increased external chemical load, including exposure to metals, which can exert either activating and inhibitory effects upon immune regulation parameters. The aim of this work was the analysis of immunoregulatory markers in a children’s population who consumed water with high strontium content (a sample from the Perm region). We carried out immunological evaluation of the children aged 7 to 12 years, living at a territory with a high strontium content in the drinking water. The comparison group included children from the conventionally clean region. We studied differential changes in cellular immunity (phagocytosis rates), humoral factors of immune defense (serum immunoglobulins), development of specific sensitization for strontium, as well as the processes of apoptosis triggering and regulation. A 3.68-fold increase in strontium levels was shown in fresh water within observation area, and the average blood strontium content in the children of appropriate observation group was 1.55-fold higher than in children of the comparison group. At the same time, 1.2-fold increase in phagocytic activity determined as phagocytic number and phagocytic index was found, as compared to the control group. In 80% of the subjects, a reduction in serum IgG level was observed when compared to physiological norm, as well as a significant decrease in IgG and enhance in IgM production against the levels found in the comparison group. Wehave also shown an enhanced total sensitization in 55.0% of the observation group as shown by the total IgE test compared with normal age ranges, as well as excessive specific sensitization to strontium by 2.49 times, according to the IgG criterion. Disturbance in apoptosis triggering was associated with decreased number of CD95+ lymphocytes and TNFR1+ cells (2.8-fold compared to reference values), shifted balance in apoptogenic proteins, an average of 2.6-fold decrease in Bcl-2 expression, a 2.8-fold reduction of the p53 transcription factor expression relative to the reference interval. Thus, we have shown an ability of strontium excess in drinking water to influence the most important indices of immune regulation in pediatric population. These changes may serve as indices of populational health status under of external strontium exposure.
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Al-Nsour, Esam, Azzam Sleit, and Mohammad Alshraideh. "SOLD: A node-Splitting algorithm for R-tree based on Objects’ Locations Distribution." Journal of Information Science 45, no. 2 (July 3, 2018): 169–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0165551518785561.
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Spatial data indexing methods are of extreme importance as they massively build up as a result of the explosive growth in capturing data with spatial features. No matter how much the data size is, eventually it will reside on disk pages. Disk pages have to be properly indexed to preserve spatial properties of objects, optimise disk space usage and improve objects’ retrieval performance. One of the most popular spatial data indexes is the R-tree which is a height balanced tree data structure, where leaf nodes resemble disk pages and contain pointers to objects’ locations. A single tree node can host up to a maximum number of objects, where any more insertion makes it an overflown node and it has to be split. Better splits lead to better index performance and more utilisation of disk space. In this work, we introduce a new way of finding the most proper split for an overflown node in the R-tree index. The proposed work scans – in a linear cost – the overflown node’s objects once to identify the distribution of objects’ locations (minimum bounding rectangles (MBRs)) in relative to its node’s bounding rectangle (node’s MBR). It uses objects’ locations to calculate – for each main axis – the split quality factors: expected overlap between resulting nodes, objects distribution evenness among resulting nodes and the perimeter of resulting nodes. The axis with better combined quality factors values is selected as the split axis. The Splitting based on Objects’ Locations Distribution (SOLD) algorithm was implemented and tested against two other splitting algorithms, experiments using synthetic and real data files showed good results and it outperformed both algorithms in index creation tests and data retrieval tests.
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Liu, Qing-Yuan, Jia Li, Rui-Dong An, and Yong Li. "Ecohydraulogical Characteristic Index System of Schizopygopsis younghusbandi during Spawning Periods in the Yarlung Tsangpo River." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 15, no. 9 (September 6, 2018): 1949. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15091949.
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To address the species decline in aboriginal fish in the Yarlung Tsangpo River Basin and the lack of research on the habitat characteristics of fish spawning grounds, this paper studied the changing trends in runoff in spawning grounds and the habitat conditions characteristics of Schizopygopsis younghusbandi during the spawning period. In conventional approaches, inaccurate statistical results are obtained when a full river section is taken as the region to be assessed, so a new method for determining the statistical boundaries of characteristic indexes was proposed. By combining hydrological analyses, mathematical statistics, and numerical simulations, the statistical boundary of the index was determined, and a suitable range for the habitat characteristic indexes for the spawning field was finally obtained. The results showed that (1) the maximum percentage of the statistical boundary for the spawning grounds was 39% near the banks on both sides of the river; (2) the flow during the spawning period exhibited small variations, a short duration and a fluctuation cycle and was dominated by water rising events, and the interannual growth trend in the daily flow was obvious; and (3) during the spawning period, the flow velocity of the fish habitat was small, the turbulence level of the fluid was low, and the flow regime was stable. A suitable range for the habitat characteristic index of the target fish provided the basic data for the protection of aboriginal fish and was beneficial to maintain the balance of aquatic ecological system in the Yarlung Tsangpo River. The results of this study contribute to the rational development of water resources in the basin and the protection of species diversity and water environment.
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Fu, Bo, Chenxi Ouyang, Chaoshun Li, Jinwen Wang, and Eid Gul. "An Improved Mixed Integer Linear Programming Approach Based on Symmetry Diminishing for Unit Commitment of Hybrid Power System." Energies 12, no. 5 (March 3, 2019): 833. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12050833.
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In this paper, the mixed integer linear programming (MILP) for solving unit commitment (UC) problems in a hybrid power system containing thermal, hydro, and wind power have been studied. To promote its efficiency, an improved MILP approach has been proposed, while the symmetric problem in MILP formulas has been solved by reforming hierarchical constraints. Experiments on different scales have been conducted to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach. The results indicate a dramatic efficiency promotion compared to other popular MILP approaches in large scale power systems. Additionally, the proposed approach has been applied in UC problems of the hybrid power system. Two indexes, fluctuation degree and output degree, have been proposed to investigate the performance of renewable energy sources (RES). Several experiments are also implemented and the results show that the integration of pumped hydroelectric energy storage (PHES) can decrease the output of thermal units, as well as balance wind power fluctuation according to the load demand.
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Xinqiao, Zhang, and Chen Feihu. "Resistance Balance Simulation of Centralized Air Supplying and Dust Removing System for Cigarette Making and Tipping Machines." Open Electrical & Electronic Engineering Journal 8, no. 1 (September 16, 2014): 94–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874129001408010094.
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The operating stability of centralized air supplying and dust removing system (CASDRS) is the guarantee of efficiency and the quality of the cigarette making process. The pressure changing in the network, the value of the flow rate of the branch and especially the system resistance balance are the main evaluate indexes of the system. In this paper, a simulation model of CASDRS is built, as an evaluate tool of the system to analyze stability and energy saving potential. The simulation toolbox MATLAB/simulink is employed to analysis the resistance balance of the system, a pipe-net model is developed to the ventilation system. Through the connection of the blocks in the simulink toolbox, the operation of the matrixes which including constraining parameter input matrixes, the connection of the matrix and the calculation of the element of the matrix and the matrix itself, the system simulation model is obtained. The sensitivity result is given as the input parameters varied hourly and the result about energy consumption is more accurate.
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Nemessályi, Ákos. "Financial Analysis of Agricultural Enterprises’ Economic Results." Acta Agraria Debreceniensis, no. 10 (May 11, 2003): 270–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.34101/actaagrar/10/3505.
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The main objective of this paper is to give an overview about the economic results and financial status of agricultural enterprises in Hajdu-Bihar Count, as well as, froa methodology viewpoint,find the place of the used indexes in the system of effectivity indexes in farm management . From the complex database describing the enterprises, the figures on the balance sheets and profit and loss accounts were used and analysed. As a result of the analysis the below statements can be made:The owner’s equity ratio within the total equity is very different in corporations and in individual farms. The lower values in case of corporations show their indebtedness. At the same time, the figures indicate that it is more difficult for individual farms to receive loans.The average of dynamic indebtedness indexes, in case of individuals are closer to 0 which generally derives from the low level of liabilities. The same indexes of corporations o the other hand show significant indebtedness. The figures indicate that the yearly cash flow can hardly cover the net liabilities.The profitability proportional to the production value is generally low, mostly negative, independent from size and organisational form.As a summary, it can be said, that individual as well as corporate farms suffer financing problems, the nature of these problems is different in the two groups. On the on hand, the operation and development of the individual, mostly the smaller, farms are hindered by the difficulties of acquiring external capital. On the other hand, the results of corporate, mostly the cooperative, farms is impeded by the burdens of liabilities accumulated in previous years.
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Krakhmalova, Nina A. "EXHIBITION ACTIVITY AS AN INSTRUMENT OF TOURISM BUSINESS MARKETING PROMOTION TO THE NATIONAL AND FOREIGN MARKETS." Management 26, no. 2 (April 24, 2018): 54–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.30857/2415-3206.2017.2.5.
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Introduction: The necessity of creating an effective system of innovative development of enterprises of exhibition business makes the issues of theory and methodology particularly important. with taking into account the peculiarities of this sphere and the specifics of the services provided. Scientific support for solving these problems will help to create effective functioning of all spheres of activity. It is the successful development of exhibition activity, with increasing competition and increasing demands from consumers, allowes companies that use exhibition services to successfully compete in the market.Hypothesis of scientific research. It is anticipated that the use of innovations in the exhibition business will enable the creation of efficient quality management systems for tourist services adapted to work in modern conditions.The purpose of this study is to develop a model of justification of the use of exhibition services for the promotion of tourism business to the national and foreign markets.Research methods:- systematic analysis was used to justify the place and specific features of the exhibition business in the field of services of the modern economy; for substantiation of the strategic map of the system of balanced indexes of typology of enterprises of the exhibition business by the System "Possibility of attraction / rendering of services";- cluster analysis – for analysis and generalization of the current state of the domestic exhibition business;- discriminatory analysis – to build a "profile of the results of exhibition activities, which will ensure the competitiveness of enterprises in this business sector.Results: the proposed approach to the management of exhibition business, the directions of improvement of the process of providing exhibition services, the model of formation of the concept of exhibition behavior.Conclusions: the proposed project of formation and development of exhibition and fair complex will strengthen the development of tourism infrastructure: transport, catering, hotel industry, which meet the current market needs.
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Rodrigues, Vivian Magalhães, and Ualison Rébula Oliveira. "INDICATORS OF BUSINESS PERFORMANCE: A VIEW FROM THE EXPERTS OF THE FEDERAL FLUMINENSE UNIVERSITY." Brazilian Journal of Operations & Production Management 12, no. 2 (December 28, 2015): 298. http://dx.doi.org/10.14488/bjopm.2015.v12.n2.a9.
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During the technological evolution of the means of production and services, indicators of performance were usually used - from the more intuitive to the most elaborate forms - to convey information and support decisions. Verifying the difficulty of Micro and Small Enterprises (MSE) on planning strategies, generating data and implementing information for decision support systems, there is a need to prepare an introductory set of performance indicators for this important kind of organization - as shown in this paper. To achieve this goal, we studied the Balanced Scorecard – a model of performance indicators highly diffused worldwide - to choose the most popular indicators for Micro and Small Enterprises. The main results of this study are fifteen performance indicators targeted in the four perspectives of the Balanced Scorecard, which in the opinion of experts on the subject are ideal for introducing support in decision making for micro and small organizations strategies. In this context, this article aimed to raise the opinion of PhDs from the University Federal Fluminense (UFF), which act in different areas, about the main types of business performance indicators applicable to Micro and Small Enterprises. To accomplish this, a theoretical background was applied on performance indicators and on the Balanced Scorecard model. Besides that, the authors have conducted interviews with doctors of UFF in the areas of financial, customer, internal business process and learning and growth to develop a set of fifteen indexes. These fifteen indicators compose the set of performance indicators for MSE. It was concluded that the objectives were achieved and this study may well contribute to the academic community and to society, as so for businesses by presenting a set of introductory performance indicators for those micro and small companies that don’t have this practice.
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Zhao, He, Zhi Yuan Sun, Yu Jia Zhang, and Tian Jun Jing. "Economic Analysis of Micro Grid Operation in Energy Self-Balance Mode." Applied Mechanics and Materials 448-453 (October 2013): 2709–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.448-453.2709.
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Micro grid operation cost is the main obstacle of restricting its commercial operation. An effective way to solve this problem is the effective evaluation and the cost reduction by the evaluation. In the micro grid operation cost evaluation, there are not only basic factors, such as the cost of distributed generation and energy storage system, the sale contract, but also the grid backup cost. The indexes about power exchange are adopted to evaluate backup power cost. The data from a smart building micro grid is used to validate the method. It can be seen that the cost of energy, time of use price, and control strategy are of great significance for the operation cost, and good control policy can make the cost of micro grid reasonable.